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The article presents the results of research on the use of feed additives (E-selenium, Butophan OR, Nitamine OR) when keeping chickens in the period of 20–29 weeks of age. It was found that the intensity of egg laying in the experimental groups during the study period was 1,6–2,6% higher than in the control group. Minimum feed consumption (1,33 kg per 10 PCs. eggs) was set in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, which was lower than in the control group (by 0,02–0,1 kg). In all experimental groups (except the 1st), 100% safety of livestock was registered. In addition, a significant influence of the studied preparations on the commercial quality of eggs was established. In all experimental groups, the average egg mass was 0,5–2 g higher, and the total egg waste was 2,4–3,8% lower than in the control group. The maximum egg mass was registered in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th experimental groups. Egg incision was minimal (2,4%) in the 3rd experimental group. In the control and experimental (1st, 2nd and 4th) groups, these indicators were 3,28, 2,77 and 2,55%, respectively. There was no egg fight in 3 experimental groups, and in all the others it varied within 1,2–1,73%. Shell abnormalities were registered only in groups 1 and 2 (0,97; 1,19%) versus 1,48% in the control group.

The article is devoted to the conceptual provisions of one of the innovative modern approaches to the management of personnel potential of the enterprise – the logistics approach, which provides for the development and implementation of a logistics personnel system that ensures the optimal formation of personnel, ensuring its mobility, the distribution of jobs in the system and minimizing turnover. The authors identified the advantages of personnel logistics and proposed activities that can be used to assess the state of the personnel management system in a separate logistics system with the allocation of three blocks: the overall assessment of human resources; analysis of the activities and main functions of departments; evaluation of the implementation of key functions of personnel management. Studies conducted in this work prove the need to optimize personnel flows, which will create additional savings and optimize the movement of personnel.

In the present paper, the normalizer of a unipotent short and long root subgroup in a Chevalley group over an arbitrary field is calculated in detail. Surely this result is known to specialists. However the author could not find a reference to it.

We propose a method for calibration of the systems with multicomponent emitter and sensor. This method guarantees the possibility of simultaneous determination of a collection of parameters of this system. The magnetic-field induction is measured at the points of location of components of the sensor in its motion over the plane with marking specified by a single parameter (size of the cell). The objective function is formed according to the processed data of measurements and its global minimum is found by the methods of nonlinear programming. This problem has a unique solution if one of the magnetic parameters of the system, namely, the transmission coefficient of one component of the sensor or the magnetic moment of one component of the emitter, is a priori known. We propose a procedure for the evaluation of the error of positioning of the multicomponent emitter and magnetic-field sensor.

Reduction theorems for triples of short root unipotent subgroups in Chevalley groups of type B l and C l are proved. The main result asserts that except for one case, any subgroup generated by such a triple is conjugate to a subgroup of G(B4, K)U(B5, K) or G(C4, K)U(C5, K), respectively.

Anthracyclines including doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin, aclarubicin are extensively used as chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of hematological and other malignancies. In cancer therapy anthracyclines are often used in combinations with other chemotherapeutic drugs and agents for molecularly targeted therapy. Anthracyclines are effective and powerful antineoplastic drugs with wide spectrum of application but active use of preparations of this group is limited because of such side effects as cardiotoxicity, myelotoxicity, thromboembolism, alopecia, etc. Cardiotoxicity is the most severe side effect of anthracycline administration. Clinical studies have shown that it is progressive and irreversible. Therefore, early detection and prevention of anthracycline cardiotoxicity has become an important trend in cardiology.

Calculations of the conformational preferences of the methoxyphenyl substituent with respect to the pyran ring have been carried out for the two title compounds, C 19 H 20 N 2 O 3 , (II), and C 18 H 20 N 2 O 5 .0.5H 2 O, (III). In both molecules, the heterocyclic ring adopts a flattened boat conformation and the fused cyclohexenone ring adopts a 'sofa' conformation. The dihedral angles between these two flat fragments are 14.5(1) and 9.3(1)° in (II) and (III), respectively. In both molecules, the methoxy group of the pseudo-axial aryl substituent is syn with respect to the pyran ring. The dihedral angles between the 2-methoxyphenyl rings and the flat parts of the pyran rings are 86.3 (1) and 87.0 (1)°, respectively. In the crystal structure of (II), intermolecular N-H...N and N-H...O hydrogen bonds link molecules into a three-dimensional framework. In the crystal structure of (III), a strong intramolecular N-H...O hydrogen bond links the flat conjugated H-N-C=C-N-O fragment into a six-membered ring. In (III), the water molecule lies on a twofold axis and forms bifurcated O-H...O hydrogen bonds with the NO 2 group of the molecule. Also in (III), hydrogen bonds link the organic and water molecules into infinite tapes along the c axis.

On the basis of the author’s results, the irreducible subgroups of an orthogonal group over an algebraically closed field that are generated by short root unipotent subgroups are described. Bibliography: 7 titles.

The synthesis has been carried out of nickel complexes of oximes of two isomers of meso-formyletioporphyrin-II and their conversion in the heterophase system methylene chloride-water into nickel complexes of tripyrrolylisoxazoles has been studied. The structure of one of them was established by X-ray structural analysis.

2-Cyanoaryldiazonium bisulfates, obtained by the action of nitrosyl sulfuric acid on isatin 3-hydrazone and its 5-bromo and 5-nitro derivatives, couple with 1-aryl-3-methylpyrazol-5-ones and form 4-arylhydrazones of 1-aryl-3-methylpyrazole-4,5-diones. It was established on the basis of data of IR, UV, and 1H NMR spectra and of X-ray structural analysis that the coupling products exist in the hydrazone form stabilized by an intramolecular hydrogen bond.

The dehydration of two 5,5-disubstituted 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-phenylaminooxazolidin-2-ones into the corresponding 4-methylene-3-phenylaminooxazolidin-2-ones has been carried out. The structure of the products was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.

The reaction of oxindoles with 5-hydroxypyrazolidines on the surface of potassium fluoride-modified alumina leads to 3-(5-pyrazolidinyl)oxindoles. The structure of these products was studied.

The paper is devoted to a description of the pairs of unipotent short root subgroups in the Chevalley group of type G2 over a field of characteristic different from 2. Namely, the subgroups generated by a pair of short root subgroups are described, and the orbits of the Chevalley group, which acts by simultaneous conjugation on such pairs, are classified. Most of the calculations are valid for fields of characteristic 2. Bibliography: 14 titles.

In the search for new thermostable acentric nonlinear optical (NLO) crystalline materials, several polar imine derivatives with the general structure D-π-A(D‘) were synthesized and studied. Introduction of the amino group (D‘) into the acceptor moiety of these molecules was supposed to bring hydrogen bonds into the crystal structures, and so to elevate their melting points and to assist acentric molecular packings. Ten compounds of this type have been prepared, and for six of them single crystals have been grown and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. High melting points were found for all synthesized compounds. It was found that four compounds have acentric crystal structures. Analysis of the crystal packing and hydrogen bonding in the compounds studied has been carried out along with quantum calculations of the molecular NLO responses. This allowed an understanding of the thermal stability of the compounds studied and some of their NLO characteristics.

X-ray diffraction structural analysis was used to show the structure of one of the two products of the reaction of benzylhydrazine with 4,4-dimethyl-5-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one and of the only product of the reaction of phenylhydrazine with the same dioxolanone. Both compounds are derivatives of 3-amino-4-hydroxyoxazolidin-2-one.

The subgroups generated by a long and a short root subgroup in a Chevalley group of type G2 are described, and the orbits of the group acting on such pairs by simultaneous conjugation are classified. Bibliography: 18 titles.

The method of producing of an intensive secondary pulsed molecular beam of controlled kinetic energy with high-power IR laser is suggested. The experimental results on CO 2 -laser-induced acceleration of SF 6 molecules in a secondary beam are presented. The intensive (more or equal to 10 20 molecules/str s) molecular beams of SF 6 with kinetic energy of about 1.5 eV without a carrier gas and about 2.5 and 2.7 eV with carrier gases He (SF 6 /He=1/10) and H 2 (SF 6 /H 2 =1/10), accordingly, were obtained.

A method is suggested for generating high-intensity secondary pulsed molecular beams in which the kinetic energy of molecules can be controlled by an intense laser IR radiation through the vibrational excitation of molecules in the source. High-intensity [≥1020 molecule/(sr s)] SF6 molecular beams with a kinetic energy of ≅1.0 eV without carrier gas and of ≅1.9 and ≅2.4 eV with carrier He (SF6/He=1/10) and H2 (SF6/H2=1/10) gases, respectively, were obtained.

The effects of bulbectomy on the state of basal forebrain cholinergic structures and spatial memory in Morris water maze were studied. Immunostaining with polyclonal antibodies to choline acetyltransferase AB144P revealed decreased density of immunoreactive cells in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca (55% of control), basal magnocellular preoptic nucleus (58.9%), and the caudate nucleus-putamen complex (68.2%). No significant changes in the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca and globus pallidus were observed. These findings and published data allow us to assume that pathology of the olfactory bulb can underlie memory impairment during Alzheimer's disease associated with dysfunction of acetylcholine-synthesizing structures in the forebrain.

Reactions of 2-chloro-1-cyano-2-trifluoromethylethylenes with 2-aminopyridines were studied. According to the data of NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, the first stage of the reaction involves alkenylation of the exocyclic nitrogen atom of 2-aminopyridines followed by formation of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidines.

The ansa-ytterbocene(III) meso-(CH3)2Si(3-(CH3)3SiC5H3)2YbCl(THF) (1) undergoes desolvation during recrystallisation from toluene to give the dimeric complex [meso-(CH3)2Si[3-(CH3)3SiC5H3]2Yb(μ2-Cl)]2 (2). Complex 1 reacts with LiBH4 in diethyl ether, yielding the borohydride complex meso-(CH3)2Si(3-(CH3)3SiC5H3)2YbBH4(THF) (3) with a tridentate BH4 group. The structures of 2 and 3 were determined by X-ray structural analysis.

The structure of the product of condensation in basic medium of two molecules of formaldehyde with three molecules of cyclohexanone has been proved using X-ray structural analysis.

The reactions of diaminomaleonitrile H2NC(CN)=C(CN)NH2 (1) with the nine-nuclear carboxylate nickel(II) complex Ni9(HOOCCMe3)4(μ4-OH)3(μn-OOCCMe3)12 (under an inert atmosphere or in air) and with K2[PtX4] (in air) afforded the bis-chelate mononuclear complexes M[HNC(CN)C(CN)NH]2 (M=Ni (2) and Pt (3), respectively). The structural features of compounds 1, 2, and 3, which were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, are discussed.

Results of updating the reducer between the LPC and the condenser involving removal of lens compensators and stiffening of the bar and rib frames are presented. Air inflows into the vacuum system through cracks in welded joints of flexible elements with total welded length of 240 m are lowered considerably by replacing them by stiff sheet structures. Computations of the thermal and stress-strain states of the system are performed.

In the preceding publication we reported that some transport properties of proximal tubules perfused in vitro differ from those of tubules perfused in vivo, and that the in vivo function can be largely recuperated by improved metabolic substrate supply and stimulation with norepinephrine (NE). Since we have previously observed that the basolateral Na-HCO3-cotransporter operates with an overall stoichiometric ratio of q ≈3 HCO3– :1 Na+ in vivo, but with q ≈2 HCO3–:1 Na+ in vitro and that it responds differently in both cases to acetazolamide (ACZ), we have now tested whether the cotransporter can regain its in vivo function in vitro if the incubation conditions are improved. Cell membrane potentials (Vb) and cell pH (pHi) were measured with microelectrodes and microfluorimetric techniques on isolated S2 segments of rabbit proximal tubule and the instantaneous Vb response to a 2:1 reduction of bath HCO3–or Na+ concentration was determinded. (ΔVb)HCO3 and (ΔVb)Na averaged 13.1 ± 0.9 mV (SEM) and 6.9 ± 0.5 mV in D-glucose-containing control HCO3-Ringer solution and decreased respectively to 10.1 ± 0.5 mV and 3.8 ± 0.2 mV (n = 8) after incubation in tissue culture medium and NE (10–5 mmol/l). These data imply that q increased from 1.9 to 2.7. Concomitantly the tubules became susceptible to ACZ (1 mmol/l), which reduced (ΔVb)HCO3 in control conditions only to 94.6 ± 1.2% but under improved incubation conditions to 64.5 ± 2.4%. As verified in voltage divider measurements the latter reduction was not caused by activation of a basolateral K+ conductance. The results indicate that improved incubation conditions can at least partially revert cotransport function towards that of the in vivo state. The effect of ACZ may be explained if in the improved state 1 CO32–+ 1 HCO3–+ 1 Na+ are cotransported, in which case inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA) may cause a CO32–/pH disequilibrium to develop in the basal labyrinth which impedes the cotransport. Under conventional incubation conditions, however, when only 2 HCO3–+ 1 Na+ are cotransported no such disequilibrium should develop irrespective of whether CA is active or inhibited.

A description is given of the construction and technical parameters of a long-base (75m) laser interferometer made at the Shternberg State Astronomical Institute of Moscow State University and introduced into continuous operation in the Northern Caucasus. The purpose of the interferometer is to investigate lithospheric deformations in a wide frequency range (up to 103 Hz). An estimate of the spectral density of deformations has been obtained from the results of observations over a ten-month period.

Results of measurement of phugoid oscillations of the Earth by a laser interferometric complex, which contains two interferometers of Michelson type, are given. Using the results of 900 h of processing, the spectrum of oscillations of the Earth in the range of periods from 20 to 310 min is obtained as well as the spectrum of free oscillations of the Earth in the seismic quiet time. The multiplet spectrum of oscillations of the Earth in the interval of 160 min is isolated.

The possibility of degradation of large macromolecules in their motion through a porous medium in the course of SEC decreases considerably the range of application of this highly productive and highly selective analytical method for the determination of the MWD of polymers. In fact, the MWD determined by SEC with the existence of degradation is mainly the distribution according to degradation fragments and does not reflect the initial molecular characteristics of the polymer. The dependence of the degree of degradation of maccromolecules on the main parameters of the chromatographic experiment: the rate of the eluent flow, the size and shape of sorbent particles and the size of their pores was studied in detail. A non-monotonic change in the degree of degradation with increasing flow rate of the eluent was detected. It is shown that the degree of degradation increases with decreasing particle size and the size of their pores. A new concept of the degradation of high polymers in SEC is formulated....

Principal mechanism of the transepithelial water permeability increase in the kidney collecting ducts in response to vasopressin involves insertion of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) into the apical membrane. Previously we have shown that water permeability of the basolateral membrane also may be increased with stimulation of V2-receptors. It is known that inhibition of G(i)-proteins with pertussis toxin blocks redistribution of AQP2 into the apical membrane following the application of vasopressin or forskolin. The aim of the present study was to investigate potential involvement of G(i)-proteins in regulation of basolateral membrane water permeability. Effect of pertussis toxin on the ability of desmopressin to increase the basolateral membrane osmotic water permeability was investigated, and the expression of Galpha(i)2 and Galpha(i)3 genes under normal conditions and after 2 days of water deprivation were evaluated. We demonstrated that dehydration leds to a 30% increase of Galpha(i)3 mRNA content while the Galpha(i)2 mRNA level remains unchanged. In control experiments, basolateral membrane water permeability increased in response to desmopressin from 59.2 +/- 6.61 to 70.6 +/- 9.2 microm/s (p0.05, paired t-test). Pertussis toxin completely blocked this reaction (53.5 +/- 5.18 vs 50.1 +/- 6.50 microm/s, respectively). We conclude that G(i)-proteins participate in the mechanism of the basolateral membrane water permeability increase in response to stimulation of V2-receptors. Clarification of the G(i)-proteins role in this process requires further investigation, but most likely they are involved in regulation of aquaporin transport and insertion into the cell membrane.

The role of AQP2,3 and intracellular calcium in vasopressin-induced increase in the water permeability of the basolateral cell membrane in microdissected rat kidney OMCD was studied. It was shown that increase in the water permeability of the basolateral membranes correlated with increase in the content of AQP2 and AQP3 in the membrane fraction isolated from outer kidney medulla. Preliminary loading of cells with BAPTA-AM which binds intracellular Ca2+ abolished the increase in the water permeability and prevented the rise of the AQP2 content in response to dDAVP. BAPTA was ineffective to block the enhancement of AQP2 content in membrane fraction in presence of dDAVP. These results suggest that the increase in intracellular calcium activity and the enhanced content of AQP2 in plasma membrane are important for the antidiuretic effect of dDAVP.

In the study, the role of PKC and Ca++ in vasopressin regulation of the plasma membrane water permeability was studied in the cells of the mouse kidney collecting duct. Coefficient of osmotic water permeability of total cell surface (Pf) was calculated from the initial rate of cell swelling following the osmotic shock caused by changing the medium osmolarity from isotonic to hypotonic (300 mOsm to 200 mOsm). Desmopressin (dDAVP 1 nM) increased the Pf in hydrated mice from 168.4 +/- 11.8 microm/s up to 231.3 +/- 14.7 microm/s. The Ca++ chelator BAPTA prevented the desmopressin-induced increase in water permeability. Inhibition of PKC (Ro-31-8220 0.1 microM) also abolished the desmopressin-stimulated increase of plasma membrane water permeability, whereas inhibitor of PKC alone did not suppress the stimulation of the water permeability by db-cAMP. The PKC activity and calciumdependent second messengers seem to be important for regulation of water permeability by vasopressin.

A new method of treatment of reflux-esophagitis developed for patients after gastrectomy has a distinctive moment: the formation of a restraining mechanism in the field of esophago-gastric anastomosis, without opening the intestinal tube lumen. The carried on trials of clinical application of the method have shown its high effectiveness for prophylactics ofjejuno-esophageal reflux both in the early and distant terms after operation. The method of operating was given a patent of the Russian Federation.

The results of treatment of 205 patients with operated stomach disease were analyzed. Conservative therapy was effective in 71.7% patients. Surgical treatment was used in 58 (28.3%) patients. Reoperation was performed less than a year after primary surgery in 5.2% patients, 1 to 3 years later -- in 41.4%, 3 to 5 years -- in 36.2%, more than 5 years later - in 17.2% patients. Early after operation complications were observed in 24.1% patients. Clinical and device examinations demonstrate that surgical reconstruction significantly reduces intensity of pathological symptoms in all the patients.

The composition and yields of the products from the reaction of 4,4-dialkyl-5-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-ones with amidines depend on the structure of the initial amidine and on the reaction conditions. 2-Aminopyridines lead to 3-substituted 4-hydroxy-4-methyloxazolidin-2-ones and 4-methylene-oxazolidin-2-ones and also to sym-carbamides. 2-Amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine leads to the corresponding 4-methyleneoxazolidin-2-one. 3-Aminothiazoles give linear oxourethanes and sym-carbamides.

A number of 3-R-9-(2-oxopropyl)-1,5-dinitro-7,8-benzo-3-azsbicyclo[3.3.1]non-7-en-6-ones was synthesized by Mannich reaction involving Yanovsky adduct of 2,4-dinitronaphthol. It was established by molecular spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis that the piperidine ring in these compounds was in the chairconformation with a diequatorial position of the substituent attached to the heteroatom and 2-oxo-propyl group, and the cyclohexenone fragment was in sofaform. By an example of 3-methyl-9-(2-oxopropyl)-1,5-dinitro-7,8-benzo-3-azsbicyclo[3.3.1]non-7-en-6-one the dissociative ionization of bicyclononanes under the electron impact was investigated.

Water permeability of the basolateral membrane was estimated in isolated fragments of OMCD or IMCD in the Wistar rats. Apical surface of the fragments was blocked with oil injected into the lumen. Apparent water permeability coefficient (Pf) was measured by the rate of epithelium swelling following transition from hypertonic to isotonic medium (600 mOsm to 300 mOsm). Water deprivation caused significant increase in the Pf value in OMCD and IMCD fragments. Desmopressin (10(-8) M) increased water permeability in hydrated rats both in OMCD and IMCD. Mercury chloride decreased the Pf and abolished the effect of desmopressin in reversible manner. Estimation of aquaporins 2, 3, 4 mRNA content in the renal medulla was performed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Content of AQP4 and AQP2 mRNA in dehydrated animals was significantly higher than in hydrated ones both in outer medulla and inner medulla. Expression of AQP3 increased during dehydration only in the inner medulla. The findings reveal that water permeability of OMCD and IMCD can be increased by physiological stimuli, e.g. water deprivation. The activation of gene expression of the key elements of vasopressin signal system seems to contribute to this reaction.

A new approach has been proposed to the synthesis of indole derivatives containing a chiral substituent at the nitrogen atom, comprizing Fischer indolization of phenylhydrazines with a chiral substituent at the α-nitrogen atom. The initial hydrazines were obtained by the alkylation (Mitsunobu reaction applying optically active esters of lactic acid) of anilines containing an electron-accepting substituent at the amino group. Subsequent removal of the activating acceptor grouping was realized by nitrosation of the chiral secondary aniline followed by reduction of the corresponding N-nitroso compound.

Two new polymorph forms, (Ia) and (Ib), of the title compound, C(14)H(17)N(3)S, and its solvate with acetonitrile, C(14)H(17)N(3)S.0.25C(2)H(3)N, (Ic), have been investigated. Crystals of the two polymorphs were grown from different solvents, viz. ethanol and N,N-dimethylformamide, respectively. The polymorphs have different orientations of the thioamide group relative to the CN substituent, with s-cis and s-trans geometry of the C=C-C=S diene fragment, respectively. Compound (Ic) contains two independent molecules, A and B, with s-cis geometry, and the solvate molecule lies on a twofold axis. The core of each molecule is slightly non-planar; the dihedral angles between the conjugated C=C-CN linkage and the phenyl ring, and between this linkage and the thioamide group are 13.4 (2) and 12.0 (2) degrees in (Ia), 14.0 (2) and 18.2 (2) degrees in (Ib), 2.3 (3) and 12.7 (4) degrees in molecule A of (Ic), and 23.2 (3) and 8.1 (4) degrees in molecule B of (Ic). As a result of strong conjugation between donor and acceptor parts, the substituted phenyl rings have noticeable quinoid character. In (Ib), there exists a very strong intramolecular steric interaction (H...H = 1.95 A) between the bridging and thioamide parts of the molecule, which makes such a form less stable. In the crystal structure of (Ia), intermolecular N-H...N and N-H...S hydrogen bonds link molecules into infinite tapes along the [1-10] direction. In (Ib), such intermolecular hydrogen bonds link molecules into infinite (101) planes. In (Ic), intermolecular N-H...N hydrogen bonds link molecules A and B into dimers, which are connected via N-H...S hydrogen bonds and form infinite chains along the c direction.

Water permeability of the outer medullary collecting duct's (OMCD) basolateral membrane was determined in vitro in the tubules isolated from hyperhydrated or dehydrated Wistar rats. Oil was injected into the lumen to block apical membrane water permeability. OMCD fragments underwent a hypoosmic shock (600/300 mOsm) and epithelial cells volume increased ad recorded with a digital camera. The latter's rate was used to calculate apparent water permeability of the membrane (Pf). Treatment of the tubules with Hg2Cl2 suppressed the water permeability. Water deprivation and dDAVP induced an increase in the basolateral water permeability. The data obtained suggest that the water permeability of the OMCD basolateral membrane may be stimulated by vasopressin and water deprivation.

A method for evaluation of impairments of spatial memory in rats is put forward. Sensitivity of the advanced method based on the principles of Morris' water maze was compared with that of the classic prototype. Efficiency of the advanced method was assessed by dose- and time-dependent effects of agroclavine on the spatial memory of rats. Agroclavine (10 micrograms/kg) was shown to produce spatial memory impairment in rats. The obtained results also indicate that the modernized maze is more sensitive in revealing impairments of the spatial memory in rats than the classic water maze.

Reactions of 2-chloro-1-cyano-2-trifluoromethylethylenes with 2-aminopyridines were studied. According to the data of NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, the first stage of the reaction involves alkenylation of the exocyclic nitrogen atom of 2-aminopyridines followed by formation of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidines.

The effects of bulbectomy on the state of basal forebrain cholinergic structures and spatial memory in Morris water maze were studied. Immunostaining with polyclonal antibodies to choline acetyltransferase AB144P revealed decreased density of immunoreactive cells in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca (55% of control), basal magnocellular preoptic nucleus (58.9%), and the caudate nucleus-putamen complex (68.2%). No significant changes in the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca and globus pallidus were observed. These findings and published data allow us to assume that pathology of the olfactory bulb can underlie memory impairment during Alzheimer's disease associated with dysfunction of acetylcholine-synthesizing structures in the forebrain.

The first astronomical photographic survey, the Carte du Ciel was initiated in 1887 by a group of French astronomers. The observational campaign was started in 1891, while the last of more than 22,000 total plates were photographed in 1950; most of observations (more than 90%) were performed prior to 1920. Detailed description of the Carte du Ciel development can be found elsewhere (Kolchinsky 1989, Eichhorn 1974, Debarbat et al. 1987).

Possible mechanisms responsible for a natriuretic response to NaCl hypertonic solution (515 mmol/l) digestively administered were studied in chronic experiments on Wistar and Brattleboro rats with continuously implanted urinary bladder catheters. The administration of the solution resulted in rapid antidiuresis and marked natriuresis though the plasma levels of N+ remained unchanged throughout the experiment. Natriuresis did not differ in the Brattleboro and Wistar rats. The time course of blood aldosterone was examined in experiments on Wistar rats. There was its double statistically significant decrease. It is suggested that in addition to secretion of hypophyseal neuropeptides there are additional reflex mechanisms that modulate natriuresis in osmotic irritation of the liver and that these mechanisms may trigger a decrease in plasma aldosterone levels.