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Objective. Depending on the stress level, the operation of wooden beams under prolonged load is characterized by both linear and nonlinear creep. This has been shown by numerous experimental studies of wood. The theoretical description of these processes is poorly studied or presented extremely rarely. One of the priority areas in the calculations of wooden structure elements is the derivation of resolving equations of linear or nonlinear creep for various types of stress-strain state. Method. The Maxwell-Thomson equations are used as relations establishing the relationship between stresses and deformations. The technique was tested by comparing the solution with the calculation of well-known researchers. An example of calculation is given for various boundary conditions for fixing a beam of rectangular crosssection loaded with a uniformly distributed load. The deflection value is determined by the grid method. Result. A program has been developed for calculating in the MATLAB package with the possibility of varying the initial data and displaying a graph of the dependence of displacement, bending moment on time. The comparison of the maximum deflection value with the analytical solution is given. It is noted that the stresses practically do not change during creep. Conclusion. The proposed approach can be applied to the analysis of the stress-strain state and bearing capacity of wooden beams of arbitrary cross-section. There are no restrictions on boundary conditions and loading type, and the beam material can be not only wood, but also fiberglass.

У статті досліджено особливості кваліфікації незаконного позбавлення волі або викрадення людини представником влади в умовах воєнного стану. Зроблено висновок, що кваліфікація незаконного позбавлення волі або викрадення людини представником влади в умовах воєнного стану не була предметом самостійного наукового аналізу. Метою дослідження є визначення алгоритму кваліфікації незаконних дій представника влади, які пов’язані з незаконним позбавлення волі або викраденням людини в умовах воєнного стану. Для реалізації мети статті було використано такі наукові методи: формально-догматичний – під час правового аналізу повноважень військовослужбовців Територіальних центрів комплектування та соціальної підтримки й поліцейських під час мобілізаційних заходів; метод порівняльного аналізу дозволив порівняти ступінь суспільної небезпеки окремих кримінальних правопорушень, пов’язаних з позбавленням волі особи представником влади; статистичний метод дозолив визначити кількісні показники окремих кримінальних правопорушень, пов’язаних з позбавленням волі особи представником влади. Методи аналізу та синтезу дозволили запропонувати конкретні алгоритми кваліфікації кримінальних правопорушень, пов’язаних з позбавленням волі особи представником влади. У дослідженні наголошено на тому, що існуючий в Україні механізм обмеження конституційних прав і свобод людини в умовах воєнного стану не визначає можливості обмеження прав і свобод, які гарантовано у ст. 29 (право на свободу та особисту недоторканність), ст. 55 (право на судовий захист), ст. 62 (презумпція невинуватості), ст. 63 (право на захист) Конституції України. Констатовано, що через неправильно виставлені пріоритети та відсутність чіткого механізму реалізації мобілізаційних норм, окремі представники влади спотворили мобілізацію, вчиняючи кримінальні правопорушення, зокрема незаконне позбавлення волі або викрадення людини. Встановлена штучна латентність кримінальних правопорушень, пов’язаних з мобілізацією, які вчиняються представниками влади. Запропоновано алгоритми кваліфікації дій представника влади, який вчиняє певні протиправні дії під час мобілізації в умовах воєнного стану: за ст. 365 КК України; ч. 5 ст. 426-1 КК України; за ч. 1 ст. 146-1 КК України; за ст. 186 КК України; за ст. 187 КК України; за ст. 397 КК України.

The globalization of market conditions leads to the development of positions that influence the modification of the national economy. There is a change in business models, a rearrangement of the system of international division of labor. One of the modern business models is the investment and construction of industrial parks, industrial clusters that integrate on their territory the production and logistics capacities necessary for the optimal production and distribution of certain goods. The development of these models in the country, in addition to optimizing production and logistics processes, also makes it possible to influence the economy of the region in which the park is located, both from an economic and demographic point of view, providing jobs. The study describes the current state of development of industrial parks as one of the main sectors of industrial production.

Carrying out special treatment is one of the main measures to maintain the combat capability of troops in conditions of chemical and biological contamination or radiation contamination of the area. The purpose of the work was to assess the current state of the means of special processing of military equipment and to identify possible ways to improve their effectiveness. The existing means of special processing of military equipment basically meet the requirements, however, in modern conditions they have a number of shortcomings and need to be improved. Thus, aqueous solutions of degassing and disinfecting substances and organic formulations of special treatment are used with a relatively high consumption rate of up to 4,5 l/m2 and 0,6 l/m2 , respectively, while the treatment time for 1 m2 can be 1 minute, which is related as with the physicochemical properties of the solutions and formulations used, as well as with the features of the methods of their application. In addition, technical means of special processing are not intended for processing the internal volumes of military equipment, and preparatory measures require a set of tools. In the course of the analysis, it was found that a decrease in the consumption rate and an increase in the rate of special circulation can be achieved as a result of the use of foam concentrates that give a prolonging effect to aqueous solutions of chemically active substances. Increasing the automation and productivity of special processing of military equipment up to 30–40 units/h can be achieved as a result of the development of an in-line processing method. This method consists in applying degassing formulations to the treated surface in the form of an aerosoldroplet flow using centrifugal nozzles located on a semi-arched movable structure. At the same time, the increase in productivity is primarily achieved as a result of an increase in the simultaneously processed area of the object. Reducing the time for preliminary preparation of objects and increasing the completeness of measures for the special processing of military equipment can be achieved as a result of the development of a multi-stage method of degassing, disinfection and decontamination. The method consists in the successive application of high-pressure water jets and foam-forming or solvent formulations with a given treatment exposure time. In some cases, along with the treatment of external surfaces, it becomes necessary to carry out degassing and disinfection of the internal habitable compartments of military equipment. One of the possible directions for solving this problem is a qualitative expansion of the capabilities of technical means of special treatment as a result of the development of a method for using ultra-small volumes of special treatment formulations in the form of a highly dispersed aerosol. It is advisable to spray solutions of chemically active substances by hydraulic or pneumohydraulic methods, while maintaining the main indicators of the quality of the formulations. The use of the presented means and methods of special treatment will improve the efficiency of ongoing measures for degassing, disinfection and decontamination as a result of increasing productivity, reducing the consumption rate of solutions and formulations of special treatment, increasing process automation and reducing labor intensity.

Purpose of the study. To study the comparative state and variability of cognitive capabilities, the degree of their correlation with the subjective and objective state of health among students of a medical university. Materials and methods. The study was carried out during the year from 01.12.2018 to 01.12.2019 at the Far Eastern Federal University and the Pacific State Medical University. The sample size is 394 respondents. The response rate is 91.9%. The state of co‑cognitive functions was determined according to the Montreal scale for assessing cognitive functions (IOC‑test; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment). For the self‑assessment of the quality of life, the “Brief form of self‑assessment of the quality of life related to health MOS SF‑36” (MOS SF – Medical Outcomes Study‑Short Form) was used. To collect information on social, economic, physiological, behavioral status, a specialized questionnaire Pozdeeva (2008) and standard medical documentation were used. Results. The total indicator of the assessment of cognitive functions in students was 26.1 points, in senior students it was slightly higher (26.8/25.5, p≥0.05). It was found that in the learning process, students significantly increase the level of executive functions (3.1/3.8, p≤0.05), attention, concentration and working memory (4.2/4.8, p≤0.05). The final assessment of physical health among primary students was 69 points, for senior students – 72 points. The indicator of mental health among students of the initial period of study was estimated at 52 points, among graduates – at 62 points (p≤0.05). The composite indicator of the quality of life associated with health was equal to 60 points for 1–3 year students, 67 points for 4–6 year students, (p≤0.05). The students of both age cohorts had a high incidence of chronic somatic pathology, the comorbidity index was 0.6, however, the number of visits to the doctor among senior students was significantly lower, in junior years (3.2/2.1, p≤0.05). The total indicator of the students' cognitive function was most strongly associated with physical activity (r=0.85, p≤0.05) and the state of physical health (r=0.73, p≤0.05). Conclusions. Cognitive functions in medical students correspond to normal values. The activity of executive functions, attention, concentration and working memory significantly improves in the process of studying at a medical university. Medical students value their health‑related quality of life highly, but most of them have chronic medical conditions. Senior students assess their psychological status more highly by optimizing the emotional component. The total indicator of the cognitive function of students is interrelated with the frequency of physical activity, the state of physical health, quality of nutrition, self‑assessment of mental health and psychological comfort.

Incompliance of the settings of the system to control actual values of the parameters of a variable frequency induction electric drive may sometimes result in complete non-operability of a variable frequency electric drive as well as in the considerable reduction of the dynamic quality parameters. Such parameters as active rotor resistance, rotor inductance, and inductance of the magnetization circuit are available for the immediate measuring. They are not identified in terms of the acceptance tests, and the values presented in catalogues and reference books are calculated ones that may differ considerably from the real values of a certain machine. Despite constant studies by the researchers, a task to identify electromagnetic parameters of the equivalent circuit of an induction motor is still important and topical. The objective of the paper is to develop a method of online-identification of the electromagnetic parameters of an induction motor making it possible to implement accurate regulator adjustment of the frequency control system in terms of operational changes in the driving motor parameters. For the first time, the paper analyzes a steady mode of induction motor operation which does not apply T-network of the equivalent circuit of an induction motor. An approach has been proposed relying on the equation of an induction motor in three-phase fixed coordinate system obtained on the basis of the theory of generalized electromechanical converter.

Purpose of the study. The goal is to conduct a comparative analysis of the correlation of learning success with self-assessment of physical and mental status and objective health status, taking into account the influence of demographic and socio-economic variables in senior students of medical and humanitarian specialties Materials and methods. The study was conducted from 01.12. 2017 to 01.03.2019 at the Far Eastern Federal University and the Pacific State Medical University. The sample size was 410 students (207 (50.6%) female, 203 (49.4%) male, average age 21.5 (1.2) years), who at the time of the study were studying in 4–6 courses. Information on demographic parameters, social conditions of study, residence, subjective data on morbidity and appeal was collected using: a comprehensive questionnaire on student status of a university (Pozdeeva, 2008; with additions of authors). The objective state of health and the comorbidity index were investigated when studying the medical documentation of medical institutions attached: Form 025 / y; 001–1 / y; 062 / y. In the study of quality of life associated with health, we used the international questionnaire “A short form of self-assessment of quality of life related to health MOS SF-36”. Results. The total score of self-esteem of physical well-being among students of humanities was 66.1 points, among students of medical specialties 56.4 points. Academic performance was higher among students of both directions, marking their learning conditions as satisfactory and good (r = 0.034; r = 0.048 / r = 0.045; r = 0.065). Student performance was also higher for students in both areas, evaluating the quality of education as high (r = 0.032; r = 0.046 / r = 0.033; r = 0.043), but lower for students with a high comorbidity index (r = –0.038 / r = –0.036). We also found that an increase in the number of HRQoL points is accompanied by a significant increase in academic performance in students of both directions (r = 0.035; r = 0.045 / r = 0.033; r = 0.050). An analysis of the linear regression model describing the association of academic performance with variables in the pooled sample revealed that this indicator strongly correlates with the comorbidity index (r = 8.27), HRQoL (r = 7.28), quality of education, and family income (5.55 / 5.06). At the same time, academic performance had an unreliable relationship with age, individual income, and weakly correlated with the conditions of study and residence. Conclusion. Chronic morbidity among senior medical and humanitarian students is high (comorbidity index 1.5–1.7), but the total self-assessment of the quality of life associated with health is 59–62 points and falls within the normal range of values. Thus, despite the high level of chronic somatic pathology, students generally positively assess their physical and psychological status.

Objective: to analyze short-term and long-term outcomes of expanded surgeries in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer and to identify factors affecting their overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Materials and methods. This retrospective study included patients with recurrent ovarian cancer stage I–IV less than 80 years of age who was treated in the Department of Gynecologic Oncology, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, between 2015 and 2017. Other inclusion criteria were as follows: time to relapse more than 12 months and no chemotherapy during the last 6 months or more. We analyzed the main perioperative parameters, OS, PFS, and prognostic factors affecting OS and PFS. Results. This study included 55 patients. Of them, 44 (80 %) women have undergone complete cytoreductive surgery, whereas 11 (20 %) women have undergone optimal cytoreductive surgery. The median duration of surgery was 210 minutes (range: 60–390 minutes), median blood loss was 400 mL (range: 30–4500 mL). Postoperative complications were observed in 23 (41.2 %) patients; 5 (9.1 %) patients developed grade IIIB complications. Median follow-up time was 30.3 months (range: 7.5–67.1 months). Three-year OS was 73.7 % and three-year PFS was 30.7 %. More than one line of chemotherapy before repeated cytoreductive surgery was found to be a negative factor affecting OS (hazard ratio 2.749; 95 % confidence interval 1.059–7.138; p = 0.038). The primary ECOG performance status had a significant impact on PFS (hazard ratio 0.543; 95 % confidence interval 0.347–0.851; p = 0.008). Conclusions. Poor ECOG status and more than one line of chemotherapy before repeated cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer relapse were demonstrated to have a negative impact on survival in this group of patients. However, in some patients, repeated cytoreductive surgeries ensured long-term remission.

Objective: to evaluate short-term and long-term outcomes of lymph node dissection in patients with stage III–IV ovarian cancer.Materials and methods. This retrospective study included patients with stage III–IV ovarian cancer who have undergone either complete or optimal cytoreduction. Patients in the experimental group additionally had lymph node dissection, whereas patients in the control group had surgery without lymph node dissection. We evaluated 3‑year relapse-free survival (primary outcome measure), 3‑year overall survival, incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications, and frequency of lymph node lesions.Results. The study included 272 patients: 43 women in the experimental group and 229 women in the control group. Intraoperative complications were significantly more common in patients who had lymph node dissection compared to those who had cytoreductive surgery alone (37.2 % vs 16.6 % respectively; р = 0.0001). The incidence of postoperative complications did not vary significantly between the groups (27.9 % in the experimental group vs 16.2 % in the control group; р = 0.128). Thirty-three patients (76.7 %) were found to have metastasis in the lymph nodes excised. The three-year overall survival rate was 82.6 % among patients who had lymph node dissection and 75.7 % among patients who had no lymph node dissection (р = 0.306). The three-year relapse-free survival rate was 26.2 % in the experimental group and 38.4 % in the control group (р = 0.858).Conclusions. Systemic lymph node dissection does not improve long-term outcomes and increases the incidence of intraoperative complications in patients with stage III–IV ovarian cancer undergoing complete or optimal cytoreduction.

Aim of the study was to determine the level of self-assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its relationship with the objective state of health in students of junior courses of medical and humanitarian specialties.Materials and methods. The study has been conducted at the Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) and at the Pacific State Medical University (TSMU) since December 10, 2017 to June 10, 2018. It was attended by 479 students of junior (1-3) courses, of which 228 (47.5 %) studied medical specialties at FEFU and TSMU, 251 (52.5 %) studied humanitarian specialties (FEFU). The average age of students was 19.5 ± 1.9 years, the average response rate - 94.2 %. The selection was carried out using the principles of gender-stratified randomization. The state of health of the students was assessed by the presence of chronic diseases and the level of the Charlson comorbidity index. In the collection of data used outpatient cards (Form 025/y); patient registration logs (Form 001-1/y); medical control cards of followup (Form 062/y). For the self-assessment of HRQoL, a questionnaire was used: «A short form of self-assessment of HRQoL, MOS SF-36v2» (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form version 2). The demographic and socio-economic status was determined using a special questionnaire.Results and discussion. HRQoL indicator in medical students turned out to be related to the frequency of seeking medical help (r = 0.75; p < 0.01), the comorbidity index (r = 0.43; p < 0.05) and the average number of chronic diseases among respondents (r = 0.49; p < 0.05). The relationship between the total HRQoL and the physical and mental components of QoL self-assessment also proved to be quite strong (r = 0.69; p < 0.01; r = 0.59; p < 0.01, respectively). In students of humanitarian specialties HRQoL appeared (in addition to the physical and mental component of QoL) to be interrelated only with the average number of chronic diseases (r = 0.69; p < 0.05). Thus, 76,0 % of students of medical and humanitarian specialties have undergone chronic diseases of internal organs in junior courses. Diseases of the digestive (30-33 %), urogenital (10-14 %), respiratory (7-10 %) and nervous systems (6-10 %) are most common in the student environment. HRQoL in the students of junior courses of medical and humanitarian specialties does not significantly differ and is rated by them as satisfactory.

Background. Traditional methods of surgical treatment of severe Hallux valgus (HV) lead to a large number of complications and poor results. In order to avoid complications and improve the quality of treatment, an original technique of double osteotomy of the first metatarsal bone has been proposed.The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the results of applying the original technique in the treatment of patients with severe Hallux valgus.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment of 95 patients operated on at the Seversk Clinical Hospital for severe Hallux valgus in the period from 2008 to 2016 was performed. The study group included 60 patients who underwent surgery according to the original method. In a comparison group of 35 people, Logroshino's surgery was performed. Clinical, radiological, surgical and statistical research methods were used.Results. The final assessment of the results 1 year after the operation showed an unacceptably high number of Hallux valgus relapses, complications, and unsatisfactory results in the comparison group. The use of original approachesfor osteotomy of the first metatarsal bone in patients of the study group allowed to significantly improve treatment results and achieve good results in 85 % of cases.Conclusion. The proposed surgical technique is effective and shows statistically significantly better results 1 year after surgery. Application of the original technique will improve the results of surgical correction of the severe degree of Hallux valgus, which consists in reducing the number of complications and improving functional indicators.

Gestational trophoblastic disease is a group of pathological conditions of the trophoblast, which includes both benign and malignant forms. Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor is one of the rare malignant trophoblastic tumors. The tumor develops from intermediate trophoblastic cells and is characterized by the absence of villi and presence of clusters of atypical mononuclear trophoblastic cells and elements of syncytiotrophoblast, similar to epithelial cells in their appearance. Patients with epithelioid trophoblastic tumors usually have extragenital tumor foci with no pathology detected in the uterus. Pelvic ultrasound is an essential stage of such patients' examination. Conventional ultrasound and Doppler ultrasonography are informative, reliable, easy to use, and non-invasive diagnostic procedures that provide wide opportunities of dynamic evaluation of the disease during the course of anticancer therapy and subsequent follow up. Comprehensive diagnostics enables timely detection of a rare morphological variant of a malignant trophoblastic tumor and ensures right decision on the treatment strategy, which is the key to a favorable outcome with preserved reproductive function.

Background. Comparative assessment of the long-term oncological results of extended, combined and standard surgical interventions. Materials and methods. The study included women with histologically verified ovarian cancer T3—4N0—1M0—1. Group A (experimental) patients underwent advanced and combined surgical interventions; group B (control) patients underwent standard surgical interventions. In the postoperative period, all patients received 6 courses of polychemotherapy with a combination of platinum and taxanes. The authors compared the frequency of achieving optimal and conditionally radical operations after performing extended and combined operations and standard surgical interventions, the structure, frequency and causes of intra- and postoperative complications, and overall and disease-free survival.Results. From 2010 to 2018, we selected 150 archived case histories of patients with advanced ovarian cancer (III-IV stages). 135 (90 %) patients were able to track the long-term results of treatment. In group A (experimental), complete debulking was achieved in 52.8 %, in group B (control) — 26.7 %. In group A, 6 (19.9 %) patients had postoperative complications of I-II degree of severity, 1 patient had postoperative complications of IIIA degree of severity, complications of IIIB-IV degree of severity in the study group did not occur (p = 0.05). In group B, intraoperative complications were observed in 27 (22.5 %) patients. Postoperative I—II degrees of severity were observed in 28 (23.3 %) patients, III—IV degrees of severity — in 8 (6.6 %). In group B, the overall survival rate was 54.7 months, and re¬lapse-free was 14.3 months, in group A — 79.2 months and 19 months respectively (p = 0.004 and

The North Magnetic Pole submits its moving to the drift model proposed by Canadian magnitologist Hope [5] and this developed by the author [6,7] which suggests an impact of two global magnetic anomalies (GMA), Canadian (CMA) and Siberian (SMA) into the pole drift. Magnetic observatories Resolute Bay, Canada, and Cape Chelyskin, Russia, located near these GMA, are recording the H-component values. Nowadays increasing at the Canada area the geomagnetic field module is decreasing at the Siberia one. The NMP is the point where the vectors of H-component directed towards each other are equal and the value of H-component makes zero. The velocity of the NMP drift is determined by the fluctuating rate of GMA magnitudes. This technique enabled the author to predict as the NMP positions and the time of the NMP transit from the West hemisphere to the East one as 2019, summer. The technique accuracy is governed by accuracy of H-component values approximation [6, 7, 13].

The state supports the real estate market not only during the economic crisis, but in all phases of the economic cycle. As a result the state simultaneously solves tasks of providing housing to the population, the expansion of the banking sector through the growth of mortgage loans and the increase of the stock market capitalization through the issuance of mortgage-backed securities, but not only anti-crisis stimulation of the construction industry. Classification of methods of state support of the real estate market allows to identify the compliance of a method to the phase of the economic cycle and, thereby, increase the efficiency of its practical use

We propose a method for generating an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal for one cardiac cycle using a variational autoencoder. Our goal was to encode the original ECG signal using as few features as possible. Using this method we extracted a vector of new 25 features, which in many cases can be interpreted. The generated ECG has quite natural appearance. The low value of the Maximum Mean Discrepancy metric, 3.83 × 10−3, indicates good quality of ECG generation too. The extracted new features will help to improve the quality of automatic diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases. Generating new synthetic ECGs will allow us to solve the issue of the lack of labeled ECG for using them in supervised learning.

The current technological development provides a foundation for fast growth of well-being in industrialized countries and at the same time causes global economic misbalance. Growing production and consumption lead to wasteful use of resources and increasing contamination of air, water and soil. In order to meet basic needs we cause damage to the environment. The article investigates the issues of strategic survival of society in conditions of natural resources deficit. The concept of sustainable development adopted and accepted in the whole world is, unfortunately just a concept in many spheres and it requires development and introduction of economic mechanisms of rational use of resources of all types. The continuously increasing speed of changes has become a principle factor of economic growth. But the economic approach is a pivot of the concept of sustainable development. The authors proved that only observance of balance between economic, social and ecological interests of business entities and their harmonization at the expense of innovation, which were used in economic, social and ecological life of society, could result in sustainable development of economic systems.

Multi-scale chemical imaging holds the potential to revolutionize our understanding of the relationships between structure and functionality in complex catalytic materials. Here the authors report the results from the first 5D tomographic diffraction imaging experiment of a complex Ni – Pd/ CeO2 – ZrO2/ Al2O3 catalyst used for methane reforming.

The effects of copper and zinc salts on transgenic canola plants expressing rice transcription factor (TF) OsMYB4 were investigated. Transgenic plants (TPs), which showed a high OsMyb4 expression in response to either Cu or to Zn excess, were used for the current study. In leaves of TPs, the content of Cu was equal and the content of Zn was significantly higher than in non-transformed plants (NTPs). The TPs grown on an extremely high concentration of heavy metals (HMs; 150 μМ CuSO4 or 5 000 μМ ZnSO4) were able to survive for more than 15 d, while NTPs died after 7 - 9 d of incubation. This indicates that expression of OsMyb4 in canola plants improved their HM tolerance. The TPs tolerance to HMs was confirmed by a higher shoot biomass than that in NTPs. Excess of HMs caused oxidative stress (indicated by increase in malondialdehyde content) especially in leaves of NTPs. This data suggests a protective role of the OsMyb4 TF in oxidative stress. The HMs caused a lower decrease in activities of superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase in TPs than in NTPs. Higher tolerance of TPs to HMs was also suggested by a considerable increase in the content of low-molecular phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and anthocyanins, as well as proline (a potential antioxidant and chaperone). These data suggest that OsMYB4 may play a role as a positive regulator of phenylpropanoid pathway and proline synthesis. The created canola OsMyb4 TPs may be useful for future applications in phytoremediation of HM-polluted soils.

A synthetic procedure is described for preparation of magneto-sensitive nanocomposites from maghemite nanoparticles and a natural polysaccharide, sodium alginate cross-linked with calcium ions. With this procedure, a series of nanocomposites was synthesized and characterized by spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, Fourier transform IR-spectroscopy and magnetometry with the following main conclusions: (a) The nanocomposites retain their solubility in water unless the iron content exceeds 18.1±0.2 wt%. (b) Only γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles are included in the nanocomposite. (c) Size of nanoparticles lies within a 4–20 nm range with a dominant diameter of 7±1 nm. (d) Maghemite nanoparticles bind to the alginate matrix via formation of electrostatic and coordination contacts between the surface Fe3+ maghemite ions and functional alginate groups. (e) The nanocomposites exhibit properties which are characteristic for soft magnetic materials since they have a low coercive force. (f) Magnetic characteristics of the nanocomposites, saturation magnetization and residual magnetization, are effectively controlled by the maghemite content. (g) An external magnetic field causes the nanocomposites to move in an aqueous dispersion.

Issues of modeling of losses in MOSFET keys from the Electronics Workbench (EWB) program library as well as optimization of the power key operation mode are considered. A number of important facts have been obtained by using the EWB program of circuit simulation, which should be taken into account when designing power electronics devices and secondary power sources for radioelectronic facilities, in particular. It is shown that the power of static losses depends on the resistance of the open transistor channel, the current flowing through the transistor, duty cycle, and it does not depend on the gate current. While the power of dynamic losses at the time of switching the transistor on depends on the gate current, it decreases with the increasing current. When a gate current (driver) is more than 0.6 A, the reduction of loss is insignificant, and it is best to choose a driver with output currents of more than 0.6 A. However, this is true only for the investigated IRF1010N transistor. In the schemes of building the MOSFET keys on other transistors, the best output current of the driver may differ. The power of dynamic losses when turning the transistor off does not depend on the gate current. However, this is true only for this scheme, because the discharge of the gate capacitance occurs through a resistor with a fixed value for the key resistance. Usually the output stage in the control circuit is executed in a push-pull circuit and has the same output resistance for the incoming and outgoing output current of the driver, the physical processes of switching on and switching off are practically identical, and so the quantitative results can be close. The simulation of the MOSFET key in the EWB program provides adequate results in determining the parameters of the power transistors, which are in agreement with the data given in the Datasheet. This allows simulating the key losses and minimizing them at any load.

Objective: to explore the possibilities of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of liver metastases in patients with a diagnosis of cervical cancer.Materials and methods. We analyzed the results of 4 clinical cases, of which 3 cases according CEUS diagnosed with liver metastases, in 1 case – nodular hyperplasia.Results and conclusions. Despite the small number of observations, we have concluded that the use of CEUS allows to expand possibilities of the ultrasound method in the differential diagnosis of focal changes in the liver.

The paper is devoted to some issues of ensuring the efficiency of research and development in the field of aviation industry. Special attention is given to the groundwork in the area of aircraft engine building. We specify the basic standard requirements to aircraft engines, their parts and components, logistic support; requirements to the processes of creating, manufacturing, conditions of operation and maintenance, overhaul, storing, disposal; leading standard technologies or those already implemented in aircraft items. We point out the key areas of activity: additive technologies and additive manufacturing – systems of producing/growing optimal material objects, first of all, 3D printing (selective laser sintering, fusion), infusion and PIM-technologies, methods of surface treatment, development of bionics and use of honeycomb or composite structures with an optimal microstructure; mathematical modeling and supercomputer engineering to optimize various characteristics and processes of additive manufacturing.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in detecting local spread, regional and distant metastases from cervical cancer. Materials and methods. The findings of contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of 4 cervical cancer patients (IB1–IVB) treated at N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center from September to October 2016 were evaluated. The HI VISION Ascendus device was used. Ultrasound patterns in different phases of contrast-enhanced accumulation and excretion were analyzed. Results. Our first experience in using contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the detection of local spread, regional and distant metastases from cervical cancer allowed us to study the structure of the tumor and its spread in greater detail. Conclusion. A small number of observations do not yet allow us to draw serious conclusions about the capabilities of this modern technology.

Small cell carcinoma of the vagina is a very rare manifestation of neuroendocrine tumors. In the article, a review of literature on this problem and description of the clinical course and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the vagina from 3 our observations are presented. Personalized approach and combination treatment are, in our opinion, the main principles of treatment of these patients.

POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes) nanotechnology was applied for preparation of efficient Ni catalysts for hydrogen production through autothermal reforming of methane (ATR of CH4). The novel metal-POSS precursor [Nickel (II) ‒ Heptaisobutyl POSS (C4H9)7Si7O9(OH)O2Ni] of Ni nanoparticles was introduced into Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 support with following calcination and reduction stages of activation. The peculiarity of the genesis of Ni/SiO2/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 nanomaterials and their characteristics versus deposition mode were studied by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, thermal analysis, N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and H2 temperature-programmed reduction. The two kinds of supported Ni-containing particles were observed: highly dispersed Ni forms (1‒2 nm) and large Ni-containing particles (up to 50‒100 nm in size). It was demonstrated that the textural, structural, red-ox and, consequently, catalytic properties of ex-Ni-POSS catalysts depend on the deposition mode. The increase of a portion of difficultly reduced Ni2+ species is found upon application of intermediate calcination during Ni-POSS deposition that has detrimental effect on the activity of catalyst in ATR of CH4. The Ni/SiO2/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 catalyst prepared by one-step Ni-POSS deposition exhibits the highest H2 yield ‒ 80% at T = 800 °C.

In this article we analyzed the issues of optimizing the upfront debulking surgery for patients with advanced ovarian cancer. We reviewed the recent evidence highlighting the actual concerns of using neoadjuvant chemotherapy aiming to reduce the tumor burden and enhance the probability of optimal cytoreduction; the rates of complete and optimal cytoreduction. From the up-to-date point of view we designated the pros and cons of upfront and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the major disadvantages of the only head-to-head comparison study of these approaches. Outlined the role lymphodissection and extended surgery for advanced ovarian cancer, including performance of small and large bowel, liver, spleen, peritoneum and diaphragm resections. We analyzed the existing risk factors of and prognostic models predicting the probability of optimal cytoreduction which allows the oncologists to select patients which will benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval cytoreduction.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is sensitive and specific method of study in patients with cervical cancer (CC). A number of studies have demonstrated the possibility to determine histological type (squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma) and the degree of differentiation of this type of tumor by using the apparent diffusion coefficient maps (ADC-map) compiled on the basis of diffusion-weighted images (DWI) (p

True placenta accreta is the attachment of chorionic villi to the myometrium, possibly penetrating into the thickness of the myometrium and its outside, including through the serous tunic. The main current diagnostic techniques are considered to be ultrasonography, laboratory diagnosis (elevated human chorionic gonadotropin and placental lactogen levels), and clinical data (pain and vaginal discharge). Magnetic resonance imaging is deemed to be an adjuvant technique. By using a clinical example, this paper considers the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose this abnormality and to choose a right treatment policy. The abnormality is compared with the conditions (trophoblastic tumor and myoma with lysis) that are similar in their diagnosis and magnetic resonance pattern). The disorder in question is rather rare and its detailed consideration, determination of the capabilities of various techniques, and comparison with externally similar cases areimportant for the development of diagnostic opportunities.

Using XPS, BET, XRD, TG-DTA, HRTEM-EDX, TPR and UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance spectroscopic methods the electronic, redox and structural properties of Mn-Na-W/SiO2 catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method and mixture slurry method were studied in detail. Since POSS nanotechnology (POSS = polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes) has attracted attention as tooling for synthesis of catalysts with novel properties and functionalities, we expanded this method for the preparation of Mn-Na-W/SiO2 catalyst. The physicochemical and catalytic properties of Mn-Na-W/SiO2 catalysts prepared by conventional methods and POSS nanotechnology were examined comparatively. In all studied Mn-Na-W/ SiO2 catalysts both individual oxides (MnOx, WO3) and bimetal oxide phases (Na2WO4, MnWO4) are found in addition to oxide particles of high dispersion. The UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance indicates that Na+ cations facilitates stabilization of octahedrally coordinated Mn3+Oh cations in the isolated state, while Mn3+Oh promote the disordering of W6+ cations in the supported system. The Mn-Na-W/ SiO2 prepared using metal-POSS precursors marks out presence of unglobular SiO2 particles, higher dispersion of MnOx and MnWO4 particles and more easily reducible metal-oxide species. The catalysts prepared by incipient impregnation method and mixture slurry method have practically similar catalytic performance while the catalyst prepared by POSS nanotechnology method shows lower activity and selectivity. At 800‒850 °C the increase of C2 hydrocarbons yield from 4 to 15% and the rise of molar ratio С2Н4/C2H6 from 0.2 to 1 are observed when impregnation or mixture slurry method are used for catalyst preparation instead of POSS nanotechnology method.

In spite of number of studies, including randomized, there is lack of consent on adjuvant radiotherapy for early-stage endometrial cancer. The literature and the results of own studies on combined treatment of this pathology are presented in this paper.

In this paper, it has been tasked to demonstrate progress is Russian scientists who are pioneers in the application of clinical photodynamic therapy (PDT) in Europe. In this review current understanding of the mechanisms of action PDT on the tumor and the body, the technical aspects of the application of the laser radiation of varying intensity, particularly its effect on biological tissues. The results of studies on the use of PDT with different photosensitizers in the complex therapeutic measures in patients with cancer. The data on the efficacy and safety of PDT. Given the effectiveness of PDT and ease of use, no adverse reactions, this medical technology can be attributed to one of the most promising trends in oncology. Accumulated a large experience of PDT in oncology testifies to high efficiency of this method in the treatment of various tumors. However, despite the positive results obtained in clinical practice, PDT in oncology is not widely used.It is proposed to implement this knowledge into the educational process at universities. Researchers of the А. Tsyb MRRC and Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering (MEPhI) are working under development of educational complex program «Medical physics». This cooperation is expected to improve professional training and education in health physics.

Abstract:Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes coated with squamous nonkeratinizing epithelium. The etiology of this disease is not completely clear. The exact prevalence of the disease is quite difficult to establish due to a lack of awareness of medical staff about the disease and relatively few patients visit medical specialists. Many researchers lean towards autoimmune theory of the origin of the disease. This is the basis for the most common methods of treatment. We have the information that lichen sclerosus may be caused by trauma, hormonal disorders and infectious lesions. In some cases genetic predisposition is observed. Standard treatment for lichen sclerosus is the topical application of glucocorticosteroids. If this treatment is ineffective topical calcineurin inhibitors are used. However, in many cases both treatments of lichen sclerosus are ineffective. In response to the problem alternative therapies can be used. Efficiency of phototherapy and photodynamic therapy for some cutaneous diseases is well known, in this regard it is important to examine in depth possibilities of these methods for treatment of lichen sclerosus.

This paper analyzes large amounts of literature data on studies of the efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for advanced ovarian cancer (OC), which is performed prior to standard surgery. Clinical trials have demonstrated that a NCT regimen followed by cytoreductive surgery is less effective than primary cytoreductive one; however, evidence for the benefit of NCT is lacking so far. The authors conducted investigations using the intraoperative material obtained from 17 patients with T3a–cNxM0 OC, who were divided for a comparative examination into 2 groups. Group 1 included OC patents who received NCT; Group 2 comprised OC patients who did not. The tumor cells obtained from the intraoperative material of both groups were able to generate a well-proliferating culture in in vitro experiments. The cultured OC cells were characterized, by analyzing cytological specimens and the functional activity of these cells. It was ascertained that 35 % of the cultured tumor cells from OC retained their resistance to the cytotoxic action of effector cells (autologous lymphocytes) at a target cell/effector cell ratio of 1:5. Thus, both the literature and the experiment provide no unambiguous evidence supporting the fact that NCT before cytoreductive surgery is a better approach than primary surgical treatment. The optimal regimen of NCT, which would be able to enhance its efficiency, remains important.

The paper discusses the results of studies conducted in international clinics and the authors’ data on approaches to treating borderline ovarian tumors. It analyzes and comparatively assesses groups of patients who have received chemotherapy and those who have not. The authors mainly state the view that chemotherapy for borderline ovarian tumors affects their prognosis in no way, but makes it even worse in a number of investigations. They also give the data of their observations, which show that attitudes towards chemotherapy for borderline ovarian tumors change in different decades. If in the 1980s chemotherapy was a mandatory treatment stage, it is nowadays prescribed only in exceptional cases in the author’s clinic. Different predictors, such as microinvasion, the micropapillary pattern of borderline tumors, invasive implants, their impact on the probability of recurrences and survival are being investigated. Whether chemotherapy against unfavorable factors, such as invasive implants, may be used is considered. There is evidence that conservative and ultraconservative surgeries for borderline ovarian tumors may be performed. Ultraconservative operations that can spare ovarian tissue as much as possible demonstrate the best pregnancy and labor outcomes as compared with conservative surgical approaches. Thus, this paper considers whether it is expedient to use chemotherapy in patients with borderline ovarian tumors. It also discusses scientists’ views and the authors’ data on neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments, predictors in borderline ovarian tumors, and survival rates in different international clinics.

The paper covers the most important topographic-anatomic and histological characteristics of the vagina, gives general information on the epidemiology of primary vaginal cancer (VC), on the rules of its staging, describes the frequently encountered morphological types of this tumor, and indicates the properties and features of the course of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), including the most common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome and the symptoms of tumor hypersecretion of a number of biologically active substances. It also indicates the most common sites of NETs, the rules of their classification according to the grade and mitotic activity of tumor cells, as well as major methods for biochemical and radiological diagnosis. The immunohistochemical NET markers that can diagnose VC, their physiological role, sensitivity, and specificity, as well as the possibility of determining them in the body’s biological environments in order to increase physicians’ awareness are described in detail and the main aspects of tumor immunohistochemical staining are denoted. The role of circulating tumor cells as a promising method to specify the extent of NETs is defined. The paper gives epidemiological information on the development of vaginal NET and summarizes the available data by their clinical course and treatment results. It provides current guidelines on the required treatment volume and specifies the role of surgical intervention and the necessary volume if the intervention is expedient. It sets forth the up-to-date guidelines for chemotherapy for small cell tumors, as well as VC, which includes the specific features of managing patients with tumor recurrences depending on the time of their development.

The paper deals with the clinical and epidemiological features of human neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and those of female reproductive organsin particular. It presents current approaches to classifying these neoplasms in relation to their embryogenesis and biological properties. The clinical and morphological features of NET of female genital organs are described in detail. Microscopic and immunohistochemical criteriacharacterizing NET are also given.

Organ-preserving operations (OPO) in patients with immature ovarian teratoma are shown to be a required technique that permits reproductive function to be preserved in young female patients. The most important positive aspect of OPO is also to preserve a normal hormonal background, owing to which surgical castration-related disorders may be prevented.

Based on the results of preoperative examination in 180 patients, the investigators studied and analyzed the specific features of ultra- sonic images of endometrial cancer in detail. The comprehensive study comprising color Doppler and energy mapping, three-dimen- sional echography with standard and variable-frequency transducers was conducted using the expert-class ultrasound equipment. A close analysis revealed the high informative value of complex ultrasonic tomography in the preoperative staging of cancer of the cor- pus uteri, in its early stages in particular.

Etiology, clinical and morphologic particularities of various types of sarcomas of vulva is reviewed, their clinical classification and histopathologic grading are discussed and up-to-date pathogenetic approaches to diagnosis and treatment for sarcomas of vulva are described.

Intratumoral T-lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in 27 patients with ovarian serous adenocarcinoma, by using immunohisto- chemical techniques (n = 27) and three-color flow cytometry (n = 11).The subpopulations of intratumoral lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor parenchyma and stroma differed. The intraepithelial cells were mainly CD8+ T cells (30.7%) and CD56+ lymphocytes (25%), which were indicative of the predominance of NK cells. Stromal infil- tration was primarily presented by mature CD3+ T lymphocytes (33%). This was supported by flow cytometric studies; CD3+ constitut- ed 62—92.6% among the CD45+ intratumoral leukocytes. The CD3+CD8+/CD3+CD4+ ratio was > 2 only in 3 cases. CD25+ cells made up the bulk among the CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes - 30—60% in 6 patients

Ultrasound diagnosis of uterine leiomyosarcoma

To define tumor markers is presently the most interesting and promising direction for the diagnosis of malignancies. The expression of the major angiogenesis factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in primary tumor tissue was studied in ovarian cancer (OC) patients to define the prognostic value of the marker.The study enrolled 48 patients with OC. The immunohistochemical technique was used to examine VEGF expression in the primary tu- mor tissue. The frequency of VEGF expression, which was associated with lower relapse-free survival rates, was found to be high (85.4%) in OC patients (p > 0.05).The tumor expression of the angiogenic factor VEGF was shown to provide prognostic information in early-stage ovarian epithelial cancer.

The paper characterizes paranoic hypochondriacal development, that is comparable with expan-sive paranoia, in patients with a >5-year history of malignancies at examination. A study sample comprised 8 treated out- and inpatients (mean age 55.7±7.02 years) diagnosed as having repro-ductive organ malignancies. Their examination was made by the clinical catamnestic technique. Psychopathological disorders in the described cases of expansive paranoia are associated with the development of abnormal querulant activity that is aimed at having the medical care volume inadequate to the somatic status of patients with malignancies.The described variant of development of paranoid disorders enables their determination within the framework of cancer-induced chang- es in personality disorders with the formation and further reinforcement of the psychopathological manifestations of mainly the hy- poparanoia type. The constitutional predictors of hypochondriacal development via expansive paranoia type, which include not only certain types of personality disorders (paranoic, 50%; schizoid–expansive pole, 12.5%; icteric, 37.5%; sensitive, 12.5%), but also ac- centuations (segmental depersonalization accentuation) against which the study reactions manifest themselves as a continuation of but ab-normally transformed constitutional properties.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is characterized by its late diagnosis, mainly local tumor dissemination within the abdomen and small pelvis, and a relatively high susceptibility to drug therapy . Intraabdominal chemotherapy (CT) allows the higher intraabdominal drug concentrations to be produced as compared to systemic CT and, according to the data of some investigations, improves the results of treatment in a few patients with minimal tumor foci. In this connection, it is urgent to master the procedure of intraperitoneal CT, including to pl ace an intraabdominal port, to elaborate a regimen, and to determine the spectrum of its toxicity and safety.Subjects and methods. The paper gives the preliminary results of a pilot trial using intraabdominal CT in 8 patients with disseminated OC and fallopian tubes who have undergone optimal-volume surgical interventions in stage 1. All the patients received CT by the scheme: intravenous paclitaxel (135 mg/m 2) on day 1, intraabdominal cisplatin (75 mg/m 2) on day 2, and intraabdominal paclitaxel (60 mg/m 2) on day 8. A total of 6 courses were scheduled.Results. At the analysis of the results, 5 out the 8 patients received all the scheduled courses of CT, 3 patients continued treatment, including 1 patient in whom the intraabdominal port w as removed after the first course of CT because of significant fibrosis along the in traabdominal catheter, thereafter she continued to be treated by the standard intravenous scheme. Among local toxicity signs, there was a preponderance of grades 1–2 abdominal pains occurring after the intraabdominal administrations of chemotherapy preparations. Systemic toxicity, including hematological one, was moderate; in any cases it did not cause life-threatening complications or lead to the increase of course intervals or to the refusal of intraabdominal CT. At a median follow-up of 10.2 months (range 1.9–24.7 months or more), one patient w as found to have disease progression 12 months of therapy termination.

Vulvar sarcomas are extremely rare tumors. They account for less than 1

In the review are provided data of the world literature on clinical and morphological features of neuroendocrine tumors of the female sexual sphere. Questions of pathogenesis and stages of development of new growths in embryogenesis considered. Historical references are given. Besides, in article questions of diagnostics and treatment of these tumors are taken up.

The European Society for Medical Oncology has long been elaborating uniform practical guidelines for oncologists. As of now, practical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of cancers have been worked out and published. This paper considers clinical guidelines for the treatment of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in terms of the results of current studies.