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To determine the effect of a twice daily administration of SBD111 on safety and tolerability in healthy adults in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial over 28-days. Participants were randomized to either SBD111 (n=15) or placebo (n=17). The outcomes were the number, frequency, and severity of Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and the number and severity of adverse events (AEs) over 28-days. Stool samples were collected and analyzed at baseline, after 28- and 56-days. Groups were compared (P< 0.05) using an intention-to-treat approach. The two groups were similar at baseline. After 28-days, the presence of GI symptoms tended to be higher with SBD111 use vs placebo (P=0.08) but the total number, frequency/severity of GI symptoms did not significantly differ. The number of AEs possibly related to the study were higher with SBD111 use vs placebo (P=0.05), there were no significant differences in the mean number/severity of AEs. The majority of reported AEs were mild, some were moderate, but none were severe. There were no significant differences in alpha diversity indices between the two groups at baseline or follow-up. SBD111 strains were identified in stool, enriched metabolic pathways for menaquinone (vitamin K2) production at 28-days, and were not detected at 56-days. The relatively low frequency and mild severity of GI symptoms and AEs suggests that SBD111 at the level tested is safe for human consumption.

The gut microbiome has the capacity to regulate bone mass. The aim of this study was to develop a nutritional synbiotic dietary assemblage at an optimal dose to maintain bone mass in ovariectomized (Ovx) mice. We performed genomic analyses and in vitro experiments in a large collection of bacterial and fungal strains (4,000) derived from fresh fruit and vegetables to identify candidates with the synergistic capacity to produce bone-protective short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and vitamin K2. The candidate SBD111-A, composed of

The K to 12 Basic Education program uses standards and a competency-based grading system. These are found in the curriculum guides. All grades will be based on the weighted raw score of the learners’ summative assessments. Senior High School Students have been graded on three categories the written work, performance tasks, and quarterly assessments. Technology plays a substantial role in helping teachers in the progress, communication, application, and grading of assessment tasks. The correlational aspect aims to establish the degree to which the variables of on the level of compliance of the developed application affects and influences the level of acceptance of the system as perceived by the respondents. From the level of acceptance of the system when it comes to its performance efficiency is directly affected by the level of compliance of the system in its compatibility and reliability. This means that changes on the identified variables may directly affect the variables on the level of acceptance of the system. The findings of significant difference on the perceptions of the IT expert and the Users on the level of acceptance of the system simply imply that the IT experts and the users does not share similar perceptions on the system. This means that there is a significant difference on the level of acceptance of the system as perceived by the users and the IT experts.

Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is the main planthopper vector of Mal de R ıo Cuarto virus (MRCV), a Fijivirus that severely affects maize production in Argentina. The effect of several nutritional sources on the virulence of Beauveria bassiana s.l. CEP147 (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) against this planthopper was evaluated with the aim to select some of them to be incorporated in future mass production studies. Ten agar-agar 2% media were used. Media were supplemented with 10 g of sucrose and 4% flour of either amaranth, chia, flax, oat bran, parboiled rice, poppy, quinoa, or wheat germ. Sabouraud dextrose agar with 1% yeast extract (SDAY) was used as control, and sucrose agar medium supplemented with 2% chitin was used as a possible inductor of enzymatic activity. We evaluated the effect of each medium on colony growth, conidial yield, viability, size, adherence, hydrophobicity, protease activity, cumulative mortality, and median survival time (MST). Principal component analysis indicated that conidial viability and adherence explained the most of the total variance, indicating that these variables can be used as indicators of fungal virulence. Medium supplemented with chia flour not only increased conidial viability (100%) and adherence (0.09 A550) with respect to the control medium, but also produced high D. kuscheli mortality (91.7%), with the lowest MST (5.2 days).We suggest that chia flour, which is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, andminerals, might be incorporated as a nutritional supplement to solid substrates in order to increase the virulence of B. bassiana s.l. CEP147 against this and other pests. However, future studies are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of this nutritional source on solid-state fermentation., Puede accederse a los datos utilizados para este artículo haciendo clic en "Documentos relacionados"., Centro de Investigaciones en Fitopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo

In abstract algebraic logic, many systems, such as those paraconsistent logics taking inspiration from da Costa's hierarchy, are not algebraizable by even the broadest standard methodologies, as that of Blok and Pigozzi. However, these logics can be semantically characterized by means of non-deterministic algebraic structures such as Nmatrices, RNmatrices and swap structures. These structures are based on multialgebras, which generalize algebras by allowing the result of an operation to assume a non-empty set of values. This leads to an interest in exploring the foundations of multialgebras applied to the study of logic systems. It is well known from universal algebra that, for every signature \(\Sigma\), there exist algebras over \(\Sigma\) which are absolutely free, meaning that they do not satisfy any identities or, alternatively, satisfy the universal mapping property for the class of \(\Sigma\)-algebras. Furthermore, once we fix a cardinality of the generating set, they are, up to isomorphisms, unique, and equal to algebras of terms (or propositional formulas, in the context of logic). Equivalently, the forgetful functor, from the category of \(\Sigma\)-algebras to Set, has a left adjoint. This result does not extend to multialgebras. Not only multialgebras satisfying the universal mapping property do not exist, but the forgetful functor \(\mathcal{U}\), from the category of \(\Sigma\)-multialgebras to Set, does not have a left adjoint. In this paper we generalize, in a natural way, algebras of terms to multialgebras of terms, whose family of submultialgebras enjoys many properties of the former. One example is that, to every pair consisting of a function, from a submultialgebra of a multialgebra of terms to another multialgebra, and a collection of choices (which selects how a homomorphism approaches indeterminacies), there corresponds a unique homomorphism, what resembles the universal mapping property. Another example is that the multialgebras of terms are generated by a set that may be viewed as a strong basis, which we call the ground of the multialgebra. Submultialgebras of multialgebras of terms are what we call weakly free multialgebras. Finally, with these definitions at hand, we offer a simple proof that multialgebras with the universal mapping property for the class of all multialgebras do not exist and that \(\mathcal{U}\) does not have a left adjoint.

The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in skeletal homeostasis. The synbiotic consortium or Defined Microbial Assemblage™ (DMA™) food product, SBD111, consisting of probiotic microbes and prebiotic fibers was designed to promote bone health based on its capacity to produce short chain fatty acids (SCFA), the presence of genes for vitamin K2 production, and its ability to degrade plant fibers. A 28-day repeated administration study was performed to evaluate the oral toxicity of SBD111 in female rats (age/weight at study start: 5-7 weeks/120-180 g) administered levels of 0, 2.0 x 10

This study determined the status of Carbin Reef benthic cover, Sagay Marine Reserve, Negros Occidental. The underwater benthic assessment was conducted on March 2019 by laying eight 50-meter transect lines at the depths of 6 meters (crest) and 12 meters (slope). Photo-quadrat method was used in obtaining still benthic images for every 1-m across eight 50-meter transect lines. A total of 400 still images were acquired and analyzed using Coral Point Count with Excel Extension (CPCe). The sedimentation rate was also determined by deploying sediment collectors. Results showed that Carbin Reef is characterized by 26.09% live coral cover and 43.25% abiotic structure such as rocks, sand, and coral rubbles. Fifty-five (55) coral species belonging to thirty-three (33) genera were identified, dominated by Porites, Fungia, and Goniastrea. Throughout the area, Porites lobata was the most dominant coral species. The overall hard coral cover seemed to have decreased since 2014. Further analysis showed the prevalence of bleached corals and diseases such as white syndrome, and white band disease. Similarly, two signs of compromised health including sediment damage and competition overgrowth were also present. The sedimentation rate per day was below the maximum tolerable levels by most corals during dry season. Overall, this study presents the first extensive study of coral diversity in Carbin Reef–characterized by a moderately diverse area and considered as a moderately stressed habitat.

The adsorption of the lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) over nanostructured SiO2 (Ns SiO2 from now on) with and without the addition of polyols (sorbitol and glycerol) was investigated. The isotherms of adsorption made it possible to establish that the maximum dispersion limit was 0.029 µmol of protein per surface area unit of Ns SiO2 (29.4 mg per 100 mg of support), which was reached in 30 min of exposure. The studies through SDS-PAGE of the immobilization solutions and infrared spectroscopy of the prepared solids determined that CALB (from a commercial extract) is selectively adsorbed, and its secondary structure distribution is thus modified. Its biocatalytic activity was corroborated through the kinetic resolution of rac-ibuprofen. Conversions of up to 70% and 52% enantiomeric excess toward S-ibuprofen in 24 h of reaction at 45 °C were achieved. The biocatalytic performance increased with the increase in protein loading until it leveled off at 0.021 µmol.m−2, reaching 0.6 µmol.min−1. The biocatalyst containing the lipase at the maximum dispersion limit and co-adsorbed polyols presented the best catalytic performance in the kinetic resolution of rac-ibuprofen, an improved thermal resistance (up to 70 °C), and stability under long-term storage (more than 2 years).

The K to 12 Basic Education program uses standards and a competency-based grading system. These are found in the curriculum guides. All grades will be based on the weighted raw score of the learners’ summative assessments. Senior High School Students have been graded on three categories the written work, performance tasks, and quarterly assessments. Technology plays a substantial role in helping teachers in the progress, communication, application, and grading of assessment tasks. Thus, this study aims to produce a feasible computerized grading system that will address these issues and problems encountered by the teachers in recording and monitoring grades. The developed K12 Senior High School Students Academic Performance Monitoring System for Private Institutions with Decision Support System was compliant with ISO 25010 quality standards as assessed by SHS Principal, SHS Faculty/ Teachers, and IT Experts. The developed system followed the policy and guidelines set by the department of education in the grading system. The decision support system of the developed system helped the senior high school principal and teachers in monitoring the grades and performance of the students in every subject. Monitoring the performance of the students academically and non-academically, and classifying the students who have at risk in their academic performance.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:36:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-05-01 Context: The use of two feed additives, to maximise rumen fermentation, in finishing diets offered to feedlot cattle may positively impact performance. Aims: This study, conducted at the São Paulo State University feedlot, Botucatu campus, Brazil, was designed to evaluate the effects of the combined use of monensin (MON; 30 mg/kg of dry matter; (DM)) and virginiamycin (VM; 25 mg/kg of DM) in high-concentrate diets during the adaptation and finishing periods on feedlot performance, carcass traits, feeding behaviour, blood gas profile, rumen morphometrics and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients of Nellore cattle. Methods: The experiment was designed as a completely randomised block, replicated six times (3 bulls/pen), in which 72 20 months of age yearling Nellore bulls (388.0 ± 31.1 kg) were fed in 24 pens for 90 days according to the treatments: (1) MON during the entire feeding period (T1), (2) MON + VM during adaptation and only VM during the finishing period (T2), (3) MON + VM during the entire feeding period (T3), and (4) VM during the adaptation and MON + VM during the finishing period (T4). The adaptation program consisted of ad libitum feeding of three diets over the adaptation period of 19 days with concentrate level increasing from 69% to 84% of diet DM. Key results: Overall, bulls fed on T2 had a greater DM intake (P < 0.01), final bodyweight (P = 0.04), average daily gain (P = 0.03), hot carcass weight (P < 0.01), final Longissimus muscle area (P = 0.05), Longissimus muscle area daily gain (P = 0.01), improved carcass G:F (P < 0.01) and increased dressing percentage (P < 0.01). Similarly, bulls fed on T2 were faster to consume 1 kg of either DM (P < 0.01) or neutral detergent fibre (P < 0.01) after 60 days on feed. Furthermore, bulls fed on T2 presented a greater (P = 0.05) cell proliferation index in the rumen papillae. Conclusions: According to the results, Nellore yearling bulls should be fed high-concentrate diets containing MON and VM during adaptation, and only VM during the finishing period to improve overall feedlot performance. Implications: The use of both MON and VM proved to be helpful only during the adaptation period. São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) College of Technology and Agricultural Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) College of Technology and Agricultural Sciences

It is essential that orthopaedic resident physicians be highly proficient in all aspects, considering the balance between supply, demand, need and context. Fundamental to identify the capacity and quality installed for their training in Mexico.Observational Study, transverse, non-probabilistic sampling-conglomerates, in two phases. The instrument has 8 domains, 57 variables and 4,867 items. 60 graduate professors of 20 states, 50 hospital sites, 22 university programs.1,038 years of experience (collective intelligence), 17 years of experience/teacher (01 to 50 years). Identified: acute pathology 30 (2 to 90%), chronic pathology 30 (5 to 96%), patients 15 years, 10 (3 to 30%), patients between 15 and 65 years, 47 (2 to 78%), patients 65 years, 20 (2 to 60%), number of beds/seat 20 (2 to 510), number of clinics 3 (1 to 48), number of surgical procedures/headquarters per year at the national level, was 960 (50 to 24,650). The national average per resident doctor is 362 surgeries/year with 1,450 surgical times/year.The needs and resources for the training of physicians specializing in orthopedics/traumatology are highly heterogeneous, so it should be adapted to the epidemiological needs of the region of influence, in an area of epidemiological transition. 62.2% expressed not having or have bad academic and scientific infrastructure at its headquarters, more than 50% without rotation overseas and 90% without regular scientific production.Es fundamental que los médicos residentes de ortopedia (traumatología) sean altamente competentes en todos los aspectos, considerando el equilibrio entre la oferta, demanda, necesidad y contexto. Es primordial identificar la capacidad y calidad instalada para su formación en México.Estudio observacional, transversal, muestreo no probabilístico-conglomerados, en dos fases. El instrumento tiene ocho dominios, 57 variables y 4,867 ítems. Sesenta profesores de postgrado de 20 estados, 50 sedes hospitalarias, 22 programas universitarios.1,038 años de experiencia (inteligencia colectiva), 17 años de experiencia/profesor (01 a 50 años). Se identificó: patología aguda 30 (2 a 90%), patología crónica 30 (5 a 96%), pacientes 15 años, 10 (3 a 30%), pacientes entre 15 y 65 años, 47 (2 a 78%), pacientes 65 años, 20 (2 a 60%), número de camas/sede 20 (2 a 510), número de consultorios 3 (1 a 48), el número de procedimientos quirúrgicos/sede al año a nivel nacional fue de 960 (50 a 24,650). La media nacional por médico residente es de 362 cirugías/año con 1,450 momentos quirúrgicos/año.Las necesidades y recursos para la formación de médicos especialistas en ortopedia/traumatología son en alto grado heterogéneos, por lo cual se debería adaptar a las necesidades epidemiológicas de la región de influencia, en un ámbito de transición epidemiológica. Sesenta y dos punto dos por ciento expresó no tener o tener deficiente infraestructura académica y científica en su sede, más de 50% sin rotación al extranjero y 90% sin producción científica regular.

BackgroundPatients with rheumatic diseases (RD) have been excluded from SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trials, though data appear to show safety and efficacy, mostly evidence remains in mRNA vaccines. In our country, adenovirus-vector, inactivated and heterologous scheme vaccines are frequently used.ObjectivesTo describe the safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with RD from the national registry SAR-CoVAC and to assess sociodemographic and clinical factors associated to AE and disease flares after vaccination.MethodsAdult patients with RD who have been vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 from de Argentine Society of Rheumatology Vaccine Registry (SAR-CoVAC) were consecutively included between June 1st and December 21st, 2021, This is a national multicentric observational registry that includes patients that have received at least one dose of any SARS-CoV-2 available vaccines in Argentina. Data is voluntarily collected by the treating physician. Naranjo scale was use to assess the association between the AE and vaccination.Homologous and heterologous schedules were defined according to whether both vaccines received were the same or different, respectively. Descriptive statics, Chi2 test, Fischer test, T test, ANOVA and multivariate regression logistic model were used.ResultsA total of 1679 patients, with 2795 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses were included. Vaccines more frequently used were: Gam-COVID-Vac (1227 doses, 44%), ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (872 doses, 31%), BBIBP-CorV (482 doses, 17%) and mRAN-1273 (172 doses, 6%). Altogether, 510 EA were experienced by 449 (27%) patients. Pseudo-flu syndrome was the most frequent (11%), followed by injection site reaction (7%). They were significantly more frequent after the first dose in comparison to the second one (13% vs 7% and 9% vs 5%, respectively, pTotal incidence of EA was 182.5 events/10 00 doses, it was significantly lower for BBIBP-CorV (105.9 events/1000 dosis, pPatients with AE were younger [mean 55 years (SD 14) vs 59 years (SD 14), p In the multivariable analysis, mRAN-1273 and ChAdOx1 nCov-19 were associated with AE, while BBIBP-CorV with lower probability of having one. (Figure 1)Figure 1.Variables associated with the development of AE. Multivariate logistic regression modelConclusionThe incidence of AE was 1825 events/1000 doses, were significantly higher for mRAN-1273 and ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and lower for BBIBP-CorV. Most common AE was pseudo-flu syndrome. Female sex, being younger, higher education level, ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and mRAN-1273 vaccines, the use of methotrexate and antimalarials were related of EA in patients with RD.References[1]Sattui SE et al. Early experience of COVID-19 vaccination in adults with systemic rheumatic diseases: results from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance Vaccine Survey. RMD Open 2021;7.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

Fungi have a complex role in the intestinal tract, influencing health and disease, with dysbiosis contributing to obesity. Our objectives were to investigate fungal diversity in human gut microbiota among eutrophic, overweight, and obese. Epidemiological and nutritional information were collected from adult individuals, as well as stool samples processed for selective fungi isolation and identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (yeasts) or microculture (filamentous fungi). Further 18S rDNA sequencing was performed to confirm identification. The mean count of fungi was 241 CFU/g of feces. Differences in the population level of the filamentous fungi were observed within eutrophic and obese groups. Overall, 34 genera were identified. The predominant phylum was Ascomycota with 20 different genera, followed by Basidiomycota and Zygomycota. As for Ascomycota, the most prevalent species were Paecilomyces sp., Penicillium sp., Candida sp., Aspergillus sp., Fonsecaea sp., and Geotrichum sp. (76.39, 65.28, 59.72, 58.33, 12.50, and 9.72%, respectively). As for Basidiomycota, Trichosporon sp. and Rhodotorula sp. were the most prevalent (30.56 and 15.28%, respectively), and for Zygomycota, Rhizopus sp. and Mucor sp. were the most numerous (15.28 and 9.72%, respectively). As expected there is a mycobiota shift towards obesity, with slightly higher diversity associated to eutrophic individuals. This mycobiota shift seems also to be related to the nutritional behavior of the individuals, as observed that the macronutrients intake may be positively related to the different fungi occurrences. Other studies are needed to better understand relationships between mycobiota and obesity, which could be used in future obesity treatments.

A metabarcoding approach was performed aimed at identifying fungi associated with Delphacodes kuscheli (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), the main vector of “Mal de Río Cuarto” disease in Argentina. A total of 91 fungal genera were found, and among them, 24 were previously identified for Delphacidae. The detection of fungi that are frequently associated with the phylloplane or are endophytes, as well as their presence in digestive tracts of other insects, suggest that feeding might be an important mechanism of their horizontal transfer in planthoppers. This study draws the baseline for future research regarding mutualistic associations present in D. kuscheli as well as their physiological role in the life cycle of this important pest that might lead to developing new management strategies to keep insects populations under control., Ecology; Environmental science; Microbiology; Mutualism, Insects, Illumina, Mycobiota, Yeasts.

Early treatment may prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in individuals who are at high risk. Lifestyle interventions and the hypoglycemic drug metformin have been shown to reduce T2DM incidence. The effectiveness of such interventions may be enhanced by targeting environmental factors such as the intestinal microbiota, which has been proven to predict the response to lifestyle interventions and play a part in mediating the glucose-lowering effects of metformin. Shifts in the intestinal microbiota &ldquo, towards a more balanced state&rdquo, may promote glucose homeostasis by regulating short-chain fatty acids&rsquo, production. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effect of a multi-strain probiotic on glycemic, inflammatory, and permeability markers in adults with prediabetes and early T2DM and to assess whether the probiotic can enhance metformin&rsquo, s effect on glycaemia. A randomised controlled pilot study was conducted in 60 adults with a BMI &ge, 25 kg/m2 and with prediabetes or T2DM (within the previous 12 months). The participants were randomised to a multi-strain probiotic (L. plantarum, L. bulgaricus, L. gasseri, B. breve, B. animalis sbsp. lactis, B. bifidum, S. thermophilus, and S. boulardii) or placebo for 12 weeks. Analyses of the primary outcome (fasting plasma glucose) and secondary outcomes, including, but not limited to, circulating lipopolysaccharide, zonulin, and short chain fatty acids and a metagenomic analysis of the fecal microbiome were performed at baseline and 12 weeks post-intervention. The results showed no significant differences in the primary and secondary outcome measures between the probiotic and placebo group. An analysis of a subgroup of participants taking metformin showed a decrease in fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, insulin resistance, and zonulin, an increase in plasma butyrate concentrations, and an enrichment of microbial butyrate-producing pathways in the probiotic group but not in the placebo group. Probiotics may act as an adjunctive to metformin by increasing the production of butyrate, which may consequently enhance glucose management.

O presente artigo busca discutir as potencialidades que o uso de Metodologias Ativas (MA) junto as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) podem contribuir quando aplicadas ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A proposta é evidenciar a relevância da formação e aperfeiçoamento dos docentes em nível superior para o uso de Metodologias Ativas, bem como das TIC, de forma que compreendam o papel de facilitador na construção do conhecimento pelo estudante. Ressalta ainda o processo histórico do quanto o docente tem necessitado superar desafios e viver novos paradigmas na educação, sendo neste momento demandado a compreender e desenvolver a sua prática com uma geração conectada, conhecedora de diversas fontes do saber desconsiderando o professor como única fonte. Neste contexto, este estudo apresenta o perfil de um docente contemporâneo, relatando o uso de algumas Metodologias Ativas, descrevendo a Gamificação, Peer Instruction e o Estudo de Caso Integrado como exemplos aplicados. Estas Metodologias vêm agregar valor no processo de construção de conhecimento por parte do estudante quando utiliza como recurso pedagógico ferramentas tecnológicas presentes na prática social do mesmo. Sendo assim, não só pelo uso das ferramentas, mas pela condução de uma metodologia que parte do conhecimento prévio do aluno, as Metodologias Ativas podem promover aprendizagem significativa e contribuem de forma efetiva e coerente com a formação da geração conectada e atual dos estudantes. Palavras-chave: Metodologias Ativas. Ensino. Aprendizagem.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of nifedipine and fenoterol in the management of threatened preterm labor (TPL). Methods: A randomized and multicenter study assessing the tocolytic effect of nifedipine versus fenoterol in patients admitted to the participating maternity units with a diagnosis of TPL and a cost-savings study for economic assessment. For a power of 80% and an α error equal to 0.05, 132 consecutive patients were recruited during the study period; 66 patients were assigned to each group. A χ2 analysis and a mean differences test were performed according to variable types and survival curves per intention-to-treat. Results: Demographics were similar in both groups. The latency period was similar in both groups (26.7 vs. 25.6; p = 0.3). There were no differences in the results obtained. Nifedipine failed more frequently to obtain tocolysis when used as a first-line agent (80 vs. 90%, p = 0.0001). The group treated with fenoterol showed more drug adverse events (57.8 vs. 19.0%, p = 0.0001). The economic assessment did not evidence a significant difference in terms of cost savings between groups treated with either drug. Conclusion: The present study failed to demonstrate either clinical or economic superiority of any of the two drugs used in TPL management. The highest failure percentage of nifedipine when used as a first-line agent should encourage further research.

Se investigó la ocurrencia natural del hongo entomopatógeno Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) en adultos de Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah y D. haywardi Muir (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), criados sobre Hordeum vulgare L. bajo condiciones de invernadero. Los insectos muertos, por una sospechada infección fúngica, fueron recolectados, esterilizados superficialmente, y examinados en el laboratorio. Conidiobolus coronatus fue aislado en cultivos puros, descrito morfológicamente y depositado en colecciones micológicas. Este trabajo presenta el primer registro de C. coronatus contra insectos perjudiciales en la Argentina.The natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) in adults of Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah and D. haywardi Muir (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), reared on Hordeum vulgare L. under greenhouse conditions, was investigated. Dead insects, suspected of fungal infection, were collected, surface sterilized, and examined in the laboratory. Conidiobolus coronatus was isolated in pure cultures, described morphologically, and deposited in mycological collections. This paper presents the first record of C. coronatus against harmful insects in Argentina.

Plantas de Cryptanthus sinuosus foram cultivadas em três substratos (mesocarpo de coco - MC; mesocarpo de coco lavado - MCL e xaxim-X), visando comparar o efeito da fibra de coco verde, como substrato, àquele da fibra de xaxim sobre o crescimento e teores de nutrientes das plantas, sob três níveis de adubação foliar: 50, 100 e 150% de solução contendo 210 mg L-1 de N, 31 mg L-1 de P e 234 mg L-1 de K. O experimento constou de um fatorial em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e três plantas por parcela, uma planta por vaso e conduzido em casa de vegetação. O número de folhas, diâmetro da roseta, massa da matéria seca (MS) de folhas e raízes e teores de nutrientes foram avaliados. As plantas cultivadas em X apresentaram valores de MS de folhas e de raízes mais altos que aquelas em MC, mas não diferiram estatisticamente daqueles observados nas plantas em MCL. As plantas cultivadas em MC e MCL apresentaram características semelhantes indicando que a alta condutividade elétrica encontrada no substrato MC não prejudicou o acúmulo de matéria seca. As plantas cultivadas em MC e MCL apresentaram menores teores foliares de N, P, S que as cultivadas em X, porém com coloração e arquitetura foliares mais atrativas. Os diferentes níveis de adubação utilizados não tiveram efeito diferenciado sobre as características de crescimento, nem sobre os teores de nutrientes nas plantas. Cryptanthus sinuosus plants were grown in three substrates (coconut mesocarp - MC, rinsed coconut mesocarp - MCL and tree fern fiber-X) aiming to compare the effect of green coconut fiber as substrate with tree fern fiber on the plant growth and nutrient contents, under three foliar fertilization levels (50, 100 and 150% of a solution containing 210 mg L-1 of N, 31 mg L-1 of P and 234 mg L-1 of K). The experimental design was a factorial scheme of randomized blocks with four replications and three plants per plot, one plant per pot, and was carried out in a greenhouse. The number of leaves, rosette diameter, leaf and root dry matter mass and nutrient contents were evaluated. Plants grown in X presented higher leaf and root dry matter mass values than those grown in MC, but did not differ from those observed on plants in MCL. The plants grown in MC and MCL showed similar characteristics indicating that the high electric conductivity of MC did not impair dry matter accumulation. The plants grown in MC and MCL showed lower N, P, S leaf contents than those grown in X, nevertheless they showed more attractive leaf color and architecture. The levels of fertilization did not differ the growth characteristics or the plant nutrient contents.

Plantas de Cryptanthus sinuosus foram cultivadas em três substratos (mesocarpo de coco - MC; mesocarpo de coco lavado - MCL e xaxim-X), visando comparar o efeito da fibra de coco verde, como substrato, àquele da fibra de xaxim sobre o crescimento e teores de nutrientes das plantas, sob três níveis de adubação foliar: 50, 100 e 150% de solução contendo 210 mg L-1 de N, 31 mg L-1 de P e 234 mg L-1 de K. O experimento constou de um fatorial em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e três plantas por parcela, uma planta por vaso e conduzido em casa de vegetação. O número de folhas, diâmetro da roseta, massa da matéria seca (MS) de folhas e raízes e teores de nutrientes foram avaliados. As plantas cultivadas em X apresentaram valores de MS de folhas e de raízes mais altos que aquelas em MC, mas não diferiram estatisticamente daqueles observados nas plantas em MCL. As plantas cultivadas em MC e MCL apresentaram características semelhantes indicando que a alta condutividade elétrica encontrada no substrato MC não prejudicou o acúmulo de matéria seca. As plantas cultivadas em MC e MCL apresentaram menores teores foliares de N, P, S que as cultivadas em X, porém com coloração e arquitetura foliares mais atrativas. Os diferentes níveis de adubação utilizados não tiveram efeito diferenciado sobre as características de crescimento, nem sobre os teores de nutrientes nas plantas.Cryptanthus sinuosus plants were grown in three substrates (coconut mesocarp - MC, rinsed coconut mesocarp - MCL and tree fern fiber-X) aiming to compare the effect of green coconut fiber as substrate with tree fern fiber on the plant growth and nutrient contents, under three foliar fertilization levels (50, 100 and 150% of a solution containing 210 mg L-1 of N, 31 mg L-1 of P and 234 mg L-1 of K). The experimental design was a factorial scheme of randomized blocks with four replications and three plants per plot, one plant per pot, and was carried out in a greenhouse. The number of leaves, rosette diameter, leaf and root dry matter mass and nutrient contents were evaluated. Plants grown in X presented higher leaf and root dry matter mass values than those grown in MC, but did not differ from those observed on plants in MCL. The plants grown in MC and MCL showed similar characteristics indicating that the high electric conductivity of MC did not impair dry matter accumulation. The plants grown in MC and MCL showed lower N, P, S leaf contents than those grown in X, nevertheless they showed more attractive leaf color and architecture. The levels of fertilization did not differ the growth characteristics or the plant nutrient contents.

Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus muscles (one day after slaughter) were used to study intermittent thermal treatments of 4–20 and 4–25°C as an alternative method to reduce ageing time and improve beef tenderness. A number of samples thermostated at 4°C were used as the basis for comparison. The evolution of muscle tenderness with storage time was measured by the compression method using an INSTRON 4442 machine at 20% deformation. At the end of the thermal treatment process, weight loss in muscle was determined and a sensory evaluation of meat was carried out. It was found that intermittent thermal treatment reduced the ageing time by 50–70% in relation to studies done at 4°C. However, muscle weight loss was elevated, varying from 10 to 15% compared to 5% observed on the samples treated at 4°C. The results of the sensory evaluation indicated that meat tenderness treated at 4–20 and 4–25°C was comparable to samples treated at 4°C (p

The recent application of molecular phylogeny to environmental samples has resulted in the discovery of an abundance of unique and previously unrecognized microorganisms. The vast majority of this microbial diversity has proved refractory to cultivation. Here, we describe a universal method that provides access to this immense reservoir of untapped microbial diversity. This technique combines encapsulation of cells in gel microdroplets for massively parallel microbial cultivation under low nutrient flux conditions, followed by flow cytometry to detect microdroplets containing microcolonies. The ability to grow and study previously uncultured organisms in pure culture will enhance our understanding of microbial physiology and metabolic adaptation and will provide new sources of microbial metabolites. We show that this technology can be applied to samples from several different environments, including seawater and soil.

DNA hypermethylation has emerged as a novel molecular biomarker for the evaluation of prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Defining the specific gene hypermethylation profile for prostate cancer could involve groups of genes that specifically discriminate patients with indolent and aggressive tumors.Genome-wide methylation analysis was performed on 83 tumor and 10 normal prostate samples using the GoldenGate Methylation Cancer Panel I (Illumina, Inc.). All clinical stages of disease were considered.We found 41 genes hypermethylated in more than 20% of the tumors analyzed (P 0.01). Of these, we newly identified GSTM2 and PENK as being genes that are hypermethylated in prostate cancer and that were simultaneously methylated in 40.9% of the tumors analyzed. We also identified panels of genes that are more frequently methylated in tumor samples with clinico-pathological indicators of poor prognosis: a high Gleason score, elevated Ki-67, and advanced disease. Of these, we found simultaneous hypermethylation of CFTR and HTR1B to be common in patients with a high Gleason score and high Ki-67 levels; this might indicate the population at higher risk of therapeutic failure. The DNA hypermethylation profile was associated with cancer-specific mortality (log-rank test, P = 0.007) and biochemical recurrence-free survival (log-rank test, P = 0.0008).Our findings strongly indicate that epigenetic silencing of GSTM2 and PENK is a common event in prostate cancer that could be used as a molecular marker for prostate cancer diagnosis. In addition, simultaneous HTR1B and CFTR hypermethylation could help discriminate aggressive from indolent prostate tumors.

A 95-year-old woman had been treated over the past 8 years for progressive dysphagia. When her condition worsened, blood tests revealed the presence of leucocytosis and eosinophilia in the absence of anaemia or thrombocytopenia. Within 11 days of diagnosis, the patient died of respiratory failure. Necropsy showed normal thyroid tissue and an absence of infectious disease. However, an upper mediastinal tumour was found and was histopathologically diagnosed as a neoplastic transformation of the ectopic thyroid. Only 1% of endothoracic goitres present as ectopic or autonomous goitre with no parenchymal or vascular connection to the thyroid gland. This case represents a very rare situation in which a leukemoid reaction and peripheral hypereosinophilia were observed as a manifestation of an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in an ectopic mass.