Search

Introduction. Diseases of cardiovascular system are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among the able-bodied population. There have been no studies of the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on cardiovascular mortality in Russian Railways. The study aims to analyze the mortality of Russian Railways employees from diseases of the circulatory system during the COVID-19 pandemic with the working-age population of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of data obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019-2021). Information on the mortality of employees of JSC "Russian Railways" is formed on the basis of the data of the CHUZ of JSC "Russian Railways". Information about the natural movement of the working-age population was formed on the basis of data from the Unified State Register of Civil Status Records. Results. During the pandemic, the mortality rate in JSC "Russian Railways" was 2.2 times lower compared to the working-age population of the country. Excess mortality by road polygons was different. The maximum mortality rate (3.4 per 1000 employees) was among employees of enterprises of central subordination, the minimum (2.1) was on the Northern Railway. 82.5% of deaths occurred in men, while the mortality rate among men is 2 times higher compared to women. The main cause of death of workers were diseases of the circulatory system (BSC) - 28.7%. The mortality rate from BSK in JSC "Russian Railways" was 0.656, which is 2.9 times lower than for the working-age population of Russia. Conclusion. The study showed that under the conditions of a new coronavirus infection, the mortality rate from circulatory system diseases in Russian Railways employees is lower than in working-age population of Russia. Ethics. We have carried out this study in accordance with the rules of good clinical practice and the Helsinki Declaration. The study did not require the conclusion of the Ethics committee.

Two groups of facts have been established in previous drug development studies of the non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic fabomotizole. First, fabomotizole prevents stress-induced decrease in binding ability of the GABAA receptor’s benzodiazepine site. Second, fabomotizole is a Sigma1R chaperone agonist, and exposure to Sigma1R antagonists blocks its anxiolytic effect. To prove our main hypothesis of Sigma1R involvement in GABAA receptor-dependent pharmacological effects, we performed a series of experiments on BALB/c and ICR mice using Sigma1R ligands to study anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepine tranquilizers diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) and phenazepam (0.1 mg/kg i.p.) in the elevated plus maze test, the anticonvulsant effects of diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) in the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model, and the hypnotic effects of pentobarbital (50 mg/kg i.p.). Sigma1R antagonists BD-1047 (1, 10, and 20 mg/kg i.p.), NE-100 (1 and 3 mg/kg i.p.), and Sigma1R agonist PRE-084 (1, 5, and 20 mg/kg i.p.) were used in the experiments. Sigma1R antagonists have been found to attenuate while Sigma1R agonists can enhance GABAARs-dependent pharmacological effects.

Near-surface layers of the mercury chalcogenide (HgSe and n-HgTe) single crystals with the electron concentration in the range of 7 × 1014–4.2 × 1018 сm−3 were studied using the laser pump-probe thermoreflectance (TR) technique combined with the Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometer in the wide temperature interval of 10–300= K. The TR–FP measurements were carried out toward samples with a freshly etched reflective surface. As a result, a minimum in the time dependence of the TR–FP signal and sign inversion of the TR–FP signal were revealed both for HgSe and n-HgTe within the specified temperature range. Noticeably, both anomalies were observed for n-HgTe at substantially lower temperatures than that for HgSe. The proposed qualitative interpretation of the observed anomalies is based on the hypothesis of two types of Weyl nodes located in the Brillouin zone of mercury chalcogenides involving specific for the Weyl semimetals energy barriers, separating the bulk Weyl fermion helical states from the topologically protected Fermi-arc surface states.

This study deals with participation of isoquinoline derivatives of coumarin in the peroxidase reaction catalyzed by the cytochrome c–cardiolipin complex. We have studied coumarin derivatives called coumarin-314 (C-314), coumarin-334 (C-334) and coumarin-525 (C-525). These substances are considered as specific physical activators of chemiluminescence, which accompanies the lipid peroxidation reaction. In the course of the scientific research, a spectrophotometric study of the effect of methanol on the structure of cytochrome c was performed, the optical properties of these substances were studied in the medium of a phosphate buffer, and a spectrophotometric study was performed with parallel registration of the chemiluminescence of a mixture in which cytochrome c catalyzed by a complex with cardiolipin lipoperoxidase reaction in the presence of isoquinolysin derivatives of coumarin. The conclusions of this work contain identification of the reversibility of the action of methanol on the structure of cytochrome c, which proves the possibility of using this alcohol in the study of this protein, the positions of absorption maxima and corresponding values of molar absorption coefficients in the medium of 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) for C-314 (λmax = 447.5 nm; e = 32360.4 L/(mol cm)), C-334 (λmax = 460 nm; e = 44 012 L/(mol cm)), and C-525 (λmax = 460 nm; e = 32 703.56 L/(mol cm)). We also demonstrated that the said substances are substrates of cytochrome c/cardiolipin complex-catalyzed peroxidase reaction. Mass flow of these substances during an average statistical experiment in measurement of chemiluminescence (322 s) for C-314, C-334 and C-525 amounted to 31.89, 37.61 and 25.94%, respectively.

The paper outlines the results of the development of the test tools to be used in shear tests of thin-wall composite materials under high temperatures. The calculation methods and the configuration of the newly developed test tools are discussed. Drawings and the general outline of the test tools are shown. Analysis of the experimental data and the stress strain curves obtained for test samples of the thin-wall composite material are presented. With the newly developed test tools, it is possible to perform shear tests of test samples of thin-wall composite materials over a wide temperature range, namely, under RT to 2000 ºC and even higher temperatures.

The research is devoted to development of a self-contained device for rapid detection of volatile impurities in the oil system of a turbine and testing it using the operating equipment. The device consists of a remote sensor, whose sensitive element is a 3–5-mm long wire probe 20 microns in diameter, and a measurement unit that comprises a microcontroller with a set of peripherals. The design of the device enables automation of the measurement procedure with a minimum number of preset settings and real-time output of information to the operator console. The software of the device provides two-stage pulse heating of the wire probe and a resistance temperature detector. The two-stage mode proves to be the most sensitive to appearance in the system of moisture, including its trace amounts. The characteristic time of the heating is of the order of 10 ms. The measurement procedure is based on a method that consists in automatic search for spontaneous boiling-up temperature of the oil accompanied by a characteristic response signal. The results were interpreted by formal correlation of the measured values with an array of calibration data obtained in similar experiments with well-defined oil samples. An experimental method for application of the device has been developed that takes into account technological factors, such as comparatively high values of the flow rate and the temperature of the oil in locations of the oil drain from bearings, the variability of these values, and the variety of noise types that accompany the operation of the thermal power equipment that complicate the online measurements. Tests of the device were carried out in locations of oil drain from supporting bearings. The test results have demonstrated the possibility of applying the device directly in the oil system of a turbine and provided a practical basis for development of a system of multipoint control of the technological scheme in real time.

The research is aimed at development and implementation of methods and devices to control critical sections of the oil system of the power equipment that operates in the real time mode. The task was to develop a method for rapid detection of volatile impurities in turbine oils. The approach to the study is based on quantitative assessment of the short-term thermal stability of the substance that is formally associated with the content of the volatile impurity. The approach was selected on the basis of the results of search experiments taking into consideration the formulation of requirements for the method and the device, viz., (1) the method should reliably determine the moisture content in the range of 10–150 g of the impurity per ton of oil and (2) the device is to be applicable “in situ.” For this purpose, a variant of the method of the controlled pulse heating of a wire probe, a resistance thermometer, has been developed. The advantages of the method are its speed, sensitivity to small contents of volatile impurities regardless of the nature of the impurity, and smallness of methodologically contributed perturbation. The heating conditions of the probe most sensitive to the appearance of moisture— including its trace amounts—in the system, has been defined. The duration of the measurement is on the order of milliseconds; the heat flux density through the surface of the probe reaches 1 MW/m2. The essence of the method consists in measuring, in the characteristic time interval, the temperature of the thermal instability onset associated with the content of the volatile impurity. The approach proposed by the authors is aimed at increasing the lifetime of the oil and preventing unpredictable failures of the operating equipment.

Three versions of hybrid quadrupoles 2a0=15mm in aperture with shunting elements made of soft magnetic material (SMM) are analyzed. It is shown that Version 1 allows for gradient variation in the range of G=40-90 T/m and the regulation of magnetic center at Gmax during the rotation of external ring with shunting inserts. Authors have also analyzed the possibility to regulate the position of quadrupole magnetic axis by rotating additional rods made of hard magnetic material (HMM). The analysis has revealed that in Version 2 the radial displacement of shunts and components of their sections affect the magnetic parameters of the quadrupole. Finally, Version 3 of hybrid yokeless quadrupole is considered. The gradient variation and magnetic center regulation are provided by the radial displacement of HMM pole parts

The PHENIX magnet system is composed of three spectrometer magnets with warm iron yokes and water-cooled copper coils. The Central Magnet (CM) is energized by two pairs of concentric coils and provides a field around the interaction vertex that is parallel to the beam. This allows momentum analysis of charged particles in the polar angle range from 70° to 110°. The north and south Muon Magnets (MMN and MMS) use solenoid coils to produce a radial magnetic field for muon analysis. They each cover a pseudorapidity interval of 1.1–2.3 and full azimuth. The coils are wound on cylindrical surfaces at the end of large tapered pistons. Each of the three magnets provides a field integral of about 0.8 T -m. The physical and operating parameters of the magnets and their coils are given along with a description of the magnetic fields generated. The geometric, thermal and magnetic analysis leading to the coil design is discussed. The magnetic volumes of the PHENIX magnets are very large and complex, so a new technique was developed to map the fields based on surface measurements of a single field component using single axis Hall probes mounted on a rotating frame. A discussion of the performance of the CM during the first year of PHENIX running is given.

The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

At present NIIEFA is designing superconducting correction magnets for UNK. UNK magnetic field correction system includes about 1500 various correction windings: dipole, quadrupole, sextupole and octupole. The magnet consisting of 3 concentric saddle type multipole coils with common iron yoke ("spool-piece"type) was selected as basic one. Each of the correction coils has the next optical force: sextupole-600 (T/m/sup 2/)/spl middot/m, quadropole-5.5 (T/m)/spl middot/m, dipole-0.68 T/spl middot/m. Total length is about 1.6 m, operating current /spl les/20 A. The 4 full scale models of the basic correction magnet with different types of conductors and various technique of winding have been built. This report describes the main design parameters of models and the particulars of their construction. The results of manufacturing and tests (quench behavior and magnetic field measurements) are discussed. >