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A polpa de abacaxi geralmente é bastante apreciada, entretanto, suas cascas normalmente são descartadas, sem nenhum reaproveitamento. Pensando em uma alternativa sustentável para evitar este desperdício do fruto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração de vinagres artesanais de cascas de abacaxi “Turiaçu”. Três formulações de vinagres artesanais a nível de bancada foram elaboradas. Destas foram avaliadas características físico-químicas (acidez % (p/v), teor alcoólico % (v/v), extrato seco (g/L), densidade relativa e pH) e microbiológicas (determinação de coliformes totais e termotolerantes). Os valores obtidos foram satisfatórios para as 3 amostras. O diferencial entre as formulações foi a concentração de ácido acético, pois, somente a amostra 1 (1Kg cascas inteiras, 2L água e 50g açúcar) apresentou valor condizente com a legislação vigente para vinagres que é de no mínimo 4%, enquanto, a amostra 2 (1Kg cascas inteiras e 2L água) e amostra 3 ( 1Kg cascas trituradas e 2L água) não atingiram este percentual, provavelmente porque precisariam de mais tempo para o término da etapa de fermentação. Algo que não era o foco do trabalho, pois se buscou elaborar formulações com o mesmo tempo de fermentação e assim fazer o estudo comparativo. Assim, concluiu-se que o vinagre da amostra 1 foi a melhor formulação elaborada, podendo ser produzida em grande escala como fonte de renda para a comunidade local, pois, desenvolver um novo produto a partir de uma matéria prima inaproveitável e com ingredientes de baixo custo é de grande incentivo para o crescimento econômico para o estado do Maranhão.

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The objective of this work was evaluating the creep resistance of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy with superficial treatment of PIII superficial treatment and ceramic coating in creep test of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. It was used Ti-6Al-4V alloy as cylindrical bars under forged and annealing of 190oC by 6 hours condition and cooled by air. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy after the superficial treat-ment of PIII and ceramic coating was submitted to creep tests at 600°C and 250 and 319 MPa under constant load mode. In the PIII treatment the samples was put in a vacuum reactor (76x10-3 Pa) and implanted by nitrogen ions in time intervals between 15 and 120 minutes. Yttria (8 wt.%) stabilized zirconia (YSZ) with a CoNiCrAlY bond coat was atmospherically plasma sprayed on Ti-6Al-4V substrates by Sulzer Metco Type 9 MB. The obtained results suggest the ceramic coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy improved its creep resistance.

Realizaram-se dois experimentos de criopreservação de espermatozoides epididimários caninos, investigando-se o efeito da centrifugação e da adição do líquido prostático sobre as características físicas do espermatozoide pós-descongelação. No experimento I, foi testado o efeito da centrifugação. As amostras congeladas sem centrifugação apresentaram pós-descongelação: motilidade total (MT) de 26,7±21,2%, motilidade progressiva (MP) de 21,2±20,1% e vigor espermático (V) de 2,2±1,3, e as congeladas após a centrifugação: MT de 23,9±17,9%, MP de 20,6±17,4% e V de 2,2±1,0. No teste de termorresistência, o período médio de duração com MT mínima de 10% foi de 165±21,2 minutos sem centrifugação e de 77,5±63,6 minutos para as centrifugadas, indicando maior longevidade espermática das amostras não centrifugadas. No experimento II, foi avaliado o efeito da adição de líquido prostático homólogo no meio diluidor. As amostras congeladas sem líquido prostático no meio diluidor apresentaram MT de 13,3±13,1%, MP de 10,9±11,4% e V de 2,1±1,2, e as congeladas com líquido prostático MT de 14,1±12,6%, MP de 12,2±11,6% e V de 2,2±1,3. Os resultados sugerem que a centrifugação e a adição de 10% de líquido prostático ao diluidor não tiveram efeito sobre as características físicas do espermatozoide epididimário canino pós-descongelamento. The effect of centrifugation and the prostatic fluid addition were evaluated on the physical characteristics of the cryopreserved canine epydidimal spermatozoa. In the first experiment, the effect of centrifugation was analysed. The samples without centrifugation showed 26.7±21.2% of total motility (TM), 21.2±20.1% of progressive motility (PM), and 2.2±1.3 of intensity of movement (I). In addition, the samples after centrifugation showed 23.9±17.9% of TM, 20.6±17.4% of PM, and 2.2±1 of I. The mean time of samples duration, at least with 10% of total motility, was 165±21.2min without centrifugation and 77.5±63.6min with centrifugation during the thermal resistance test. It suggests a better spermatic longevity in samples without centrifugation. In the second experiment, the effect of the prostatic fluid addition was evaluated. The samples cryopreserved without prostatic fluid showed 13.3±13.1%, 10.9±11.4%, and 2.1±1.2% of TM, PM, and I, respectively. Furthermore, the samples with prostatic fluid showed 14.1±12.6%, 12.2±11.6%, and 2.2±1.3% of TM, PM, and I, respectively. These data support that centrifugation and 10% of prostatic fluid addition does not induce any effect on the physical characteristics of canine epydidimal spermatozoa cryopreserved.

In this work, a new type of WO3 and V2O5 photovoltaic cell were fabricated. The oxides were obtained by sol-gel route. Both V2O5 and WO3 presented a lamellar structure with d = 1.17 nm and 0.69 nm, respectively. From SEM of V2O5 was observed ribbons and for WO3 noted a presence of platelets. For WO3, increasing the distance of lamp was observed a decreasing of light intensity: 164 mV in 44000 lux to 42 mV in 60 lux. For V2O5, in 1700 lux it was observed a voltage of 1418 mV and in 15000 lux a value of 1572 mV.

RESUMO – A estabilidade do licopeno foi avaliada apos o processamento com ultrassom de baixa frequencia de alta potencia. O estudo foi realizado em licopeno puro para avaliar o efeito direto do ultrassom em licopeno; e em tomates para avaliar os efeitos diretos e indiretos do ultrassom numa matriz orgânica complexa. O processamento em ultrassom foi realizado usando um banho ultrasonico e um ultrassom tipo sonda. Densidades de potencia entre 55 a 5000 W/L e temperaturas de 23 (ambiente) a 60 C foram avaliadas. Experiencias com licopeno puro mostraram que a aplicacao de ultrassom nao afetou diretamente o licopeno. No entanto, a matriz orgânica contribuiu para a degradacao do licopeno atraves de um efeito indireto causado pela composicao da matriz orgânica.

We investigated the effects of piperitenone oxide (PO), a major constituent of the essential oil of Mentha x villosa, on the guinea pig ileum. PO (30 to 740 micrograms/ml) relaxed basal tonus without significantly altering the resting membrane potential. In addition, PO relaxed preparations precontracted with either 60 mM K+ or 5 mM tetraethylammonium in a concentration-dependent manner. At concentrations from 0.1 to 10 micrograms/ml PO potentiated acetylcholine-induced contractions, while higher concentrations (> 30 micrograms/ml) blocked this response. These higher PO concentrations also inhibited contractions induced by 60 mM K+. PO also blocked the components of acetylcholine contraction which are not sensitive to nifedipine or to solutions with nominal zero Ca2+ and EGTA. These results show that PO is a relaxant of intestinal smooth muscle and suggest that this activity may be mediated at least in part by an intracellular effect.

Magnetic resonance results in Pd1−xFex, with various Fe concentrations, are reported. The samples were prepared in the form of foils, 200 and 100 μm thick, and Fe concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 at. %. The experiments were carried out at low temperature, close to the Tc of each alloy. For the more concentrated alloys and magnetic field perpendicular to the foil, more than one line is observed. The anomalies in the resonance spectrum are interpreted in terms of the existing giant moments in these alloys.

El atizonamiento de las hojas de name (Dioscorea cayennensis), causado por Curvularia eragrostidis , constituye una importante enfermedad en el noreste brasileno, no obstante, no existen estudios acerca de la variabilidad de este patogeno. Con el objetivo de caracterizar la variabilidad de C. eragrostidis , se evaluaron 42 aislamientos obtenidos desde cultivos de name del Estado de Pernambuco. En el estudio de los componentes epidemiologico, plantas de name (cv. Da Costa), fueron inoculadas con cepas de C. eragrostidis (1x10 4 conidios/ml), evaluandose diariamente en presencia y severidad de sintomas de atizonamiento, obteniendose el periodo de incubacion (PI) y el area bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad (ABCPE). Cada aislamiento fue tambien evaluado "in vitro" en relacion a sus caracteristicas fisiologicas: tasa de crecimiento micelial (TCM), esporulacion (ESP), germinacion de conidios (GER) y la sensibilidad al fungicida iprodione, evaluada mediante la dosis del fungicida suficiente para inhibir el 50% del crecimiento micelial (DL 50 ) y por el porcentajede inhibicion de la germinacion de los conidios (IGC).

Myocardial performance is diminished in persistent SVT and will lead to hydrops fetalis (HDF). This study sought to determine which methods of fetal echocardiography are best for evaluating treatment and outcome in these fetuses. Methods: Ten infants with HDF due to SVT were included in this study. No fetus has structural heart disease. Serial cardiovascular function was estimated from CC/TC ratio, left ventricular shortening fraction, tricuspid E and A velocities and E/A ratio, mitral E, A velocities and E/A ratio and Doppler flow patterns in the free loop of the umbilical cord, MCA, ductus arteriosus and ductus venosus (DV) as well as maximal velocities and time velocity integrals into the ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery. The Tei index was calculated as the sum of the isovolumetric contraction time (ICT) and the isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) divided by the ejection time using the ‘‘clicks’’ method. These parameters were compared to age matched normal fetuses from our data base. Changes in the gross measurements of third space effusions were considered demonstrable of improvement of fetal cardiovascular status. Results: The most sensitive indicator of change in fetal function was the Tei index followed by CC/TC ratio. Tei index is the first cardiovascular parameter which gets normalised in these fetuses responding to the treatment. There was no significant change over time with E/A ratios, LV shortening fraction or peripheral arterial Doppler values. DV A wave reversal normalized with cessation of SVT with normal PI values. DV size went from greater than the 95% to normal with cessation of SVT. Conclusions: The Tei index easily performed from 14 weeks through term. It is a useful and likely the most sensitive method of evaluating global myocardial performance in followup of fetuses with HDF especially due to SVT.