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22 results on '"V. Kleipa"'

1. Measurement of the spark probability of a GEM detector for the CBM muon chamber (MuCh)

Author

J. Wiechula, T. Morhardt, A. Abuhoza, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, U. Frankenfeld, Saikat Biswas, V. Kleipa, J. Hehner, C. Garabatos, and Christian Schmidt

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Momentum, Nuclear physics, Muon chamber, Particle shower, Spark (mathematics), Gas electron multiplier, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The triple GEM detectors for the CBM muon chamber (MuCh) will be operated in a high rate environment of heavily ionizing particles due to the presence of thick iron absorber in the system. Therefore, the stability of the detectors needs to be tested. In a dedicated beam time double mask triple GEM detectors have been tested at CERN SPS/H4. In this study pion beam of ~ 150 GeV/c has been used. Different methods to determine the spark has been described in this paper. The stability of the triple GEM detector setup in an environment of high energetic showers is studied. To this end the spark probability in a shower environment is compared to the spark probability in a pion beam. The spark probability was found to be ~ 10 − 7 in a high momentum pion beam and in an induced particle shower.

Published
2015

2. Influence of wavelength-shifting films on multianode PMTs with UV-extended windows

Author

C. Höhne, S. Querchfeld, E. Leonova, J. Eom, K. Oh, S. Belogurov, C. Deveaux, Yong-Un Nam, T. Mahmoud, J. Eschke, W. Niebur, J. Kopfer, E. Ovcharenko, T. Torres de Heidenreich, C. Pauly, J. Rautenberg, C. Ugur, S. Linev, Vladimir Samsonov, B. W. Kolb, L. Kochenda, Y. Riabov, M. Vznuzdaev, V. Kleipa, V. Dobyrn, Jihye Song, O. Tarasenkova, M. Traxler, K.-H. Becker, E. Lebedeva, J. Adamczewski-Musch, P. Kravtsov, E. Vznuzdaev, I. K. Yoo, S. Lebedev, N. Miftakhov, A. Chernogorov, Michael Dürr, J. Michel, Juyeon Yi, N. Boldyreva, S. Reinecke, Karl-Heinz Kampert, J. Pouryamout, and E. Roshchin

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Cherenkov detector, Photoelectric effect, Wavelength shifter, Ring-imaging Cherenkov detector, law.invention, Wavelength, Optics, law, Optoelectronics, Quantum efficiency, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

Wavelength-shifting (WLS) films were applied on UV-extended front windows of multianode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMTs) in order to increase the sensitivity of the MAPMTs at shorter wavelengths. The WLS material contained p-Terphenyl as photoactive component, which absorbs shorter wavelength photons ( 300 nm ) and re-emits fluorescence photons around 350 nm, i.e., at the maximum of the PMTs׳ sensitivity. The films were applied by means of dip-coating and the film performance was studied with respect to quantum efficiency, film homogeneity, and crosstalk on the MAPMTs. Using WLS-film-covered MAPMTs in a gaseous Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector, the number of detected photoelectrons per ring increased by up to 21% in an in-beam test.

Published
2015

3. Event reconstruction in the RICH detector of the CBM experiment at FAIR

Author

C. Pauly, C. Ugur, M. Vznuzdaev, S. Lebedev, M. Traxler, A. Chernogorov, S. Linev, T. Mahmoud, J. Eschke, W. Niebur, J. Eom, E. Ovcharenko, J. Kopfer, Juyeon Yi, E. Leonova, S. Belogurov, V. Kleipa, V. Dobyrn, J. Rautenberg, T. Torres de Heidenreich, Yong-Un Nam, K. Oh, N. Miftakhov, J. Adamczewski, Y. Riabov, L. Kochenda, C. Ho¨hne, E. Vznuzdaev, C. Deveaux, P. Kravtsov, I. K. Yoo, E. Roshchin, S. Querchfeld, J. Pouryamout, B. W. Kolb, K.-H. Becker, E. Lebedeva, Jihye Song, Gennady Ososkov, K. H. Kampert, O. Tarasenkova, Vladimir Samsonov, J. Michel, Michael Dürr, N. Boldyreva, and S. Reinecke

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Artificial neural network, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Phase (waves), Hough transform, law.invention, Optics, Data acquisition, Transition radiation, law, business, Instrumentation, Algorithm, Cherenkov radiation, Event reconstruction
Abstract

The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future FAIR facility will investigate the QCD phase diagram at high net-baryon densities and moderate temperatures. One of the key signatures will be di-leptons emitted from the hot and dense phase in heavy-ion collisions. Measuring di-electrons, a high purity of identified electrons is required in order to suppress the background. Electron identification in CBM will be performed by a Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector and Transition Radiation Detectors (TRD). In order to access the foreseen rare probes, the detector and the data acquisition have to handle interaction rates up to 10 MHz. Therefore, the development of fast and efficient event reconstruction algorithms is an important and challenging task in CBM. In this contribution event reconstruction and electron identification algorithms in the RICH detector are presented. So far they have been developed on simulated data but could already be tested on real data from a RICH prototype testbeam experiment at the CERN-PS. Efficient and fast ring recognition algorithms in the CBM-RICH are based on the Hough Transform method. Due to optical distortions of the rings, an ellipse fitting algorithm was elaborated to improve the ring radius resolution. An efficient algorithm based on the Artificial Neural Network was implemented for electron identification in RICH. All algorithms were significantly optimized to achieve maximum speed and minimum memory consumption.

Published
2014

4. CBM Collaboration

Author

T. Ablyazimov, A. Abuhoza, R. Adak, J. Adamczewski-Musch, M. Adamczyk, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, F. Ahmad, N. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, A. Akindinov, P. Akishin, E. Akishina, T. Akishina, V. Akishina, M. Al-Turany, E. Alexandrov, I. Alexandrov, S. Amar-Youcef, M. Anđelić, O. Andreeva, C. Andrei, A. Andronic, Yu. Anisimov, H. Appelshäuser, A. Arend, D. Argintaru, E. Atkin, S. Avdeev, R. Averbeck, M.D. Azmi, V. Baban, M. Bach, E. Badura, S. Baginyan, T. Balle, T. Balog, S. Bandyopadhyay, P. Banerjee, N. Baranova, T. Barczyk, D. Bartoş, S. Bashir, Z. Basrak, M. Baszczyk, O. Batenkov, V. Baublis, C. Baumann, M. Baznat, K.-H. Becker, T. Bel, S. Belogurov, J. Bendarouach, I. Berceanu, A. Bercuci, E. Berdermann, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikov, R. Berendes, C. Bergmann, D. Bertini, O. Bertini, C. Beşliu, O. Bezshyyko, P.P. Bhaduri, A. Bhasin, A.K. Bhati, B. Bhattacharjee, A. Bhattacharyya, T.K. Bhattacharyya, S. Biswas, D. Blau, C. Blume, Yu. Bocharov, S. Böttger, M. Borysova, T. Breitner, U. Brüning, J. Brzychczyk, A. Bubak, H. Büsching, A. Bychkov, A. Byszuk, Xu Cai, M. Cãlin, Ping Cao, R. Čaplar, G. Caragheorgheopol, I. Carević, V. Cătănescu, A. Chakrabarti, S. Chatterji, Sanatan Chattopadhyay, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Hongfang Chen, Jianping Cheng, V. Chepurnov, S. Chernenko, A. Chernogorov, Kyung-Eon Choi, M.I. Ciobanu, G. Claus, F. Constantin, V. Covlea, M. Csanád, N. D'Ascenzo, S. Das, K. Davkov, V. Davkov, J. de Cuveland, B. Debnath, D. Dementiev, Zhi Deng, H. Deppe, I. Deppner, O. Derenovskaya, C.A. Deveaux, M. Deveaux, K. Dey, M. Dey, P. Dillenseger, V. Dobyrn, D. Doering, A. Dorokhov, A. Drozd, A.K. Dubey, S. Dubnichka, A. Dubnichkova, M. Dürr, W. Dulinski, L. Dutka, M. Dželalija, D. Emschermann, H. Engel, V. Eremin, T. Eşanu, J. Eschke, D. Eschweiler, Jongsik Eum, Huanhuan Fan, O. Fateev, I. Filozova, D. Finogeev, P. Fischer, H. Flemming, U. Frankenfeld, V. Friese, E. Friske, I. Fröhlich, J. Frühauf, Á. Fülöp, J. Gajda, T. Galatyuk, A. Galkin, V. Galkin, G. Gangopadhyay, C. García Chávez, I. Gašparić, J. Gebelein, P. Ghosh, S.K. Ghosh, M. Goffe, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, V. Golovatyuk, S. Golovnya, V. Golovtsov, M. Golubeva, D. Golubkov, A. Gómez Ramírez, S. Gorbunov, S. Gorokhov, D. Gottschalk, P. Gryboś, A. Grzeszczuk, F. Guber, K. Gudima, A. Gupta, Yu. Gusakov, A. Haldar, S. Haldar, H. Hartmann, J. Hehner, K. Heidel, N. Heine, E. Hellbär, A. Herghelegiu, N. Herrmann, B. Heß, J.M. Heuser, A. Himmi, C. Höhne, R. Holzmann, Guangming Huang, Xinjie Huang, J. Hutsch, D. Hutter, E. Iakovleva, A. Ierusalimov, E.-M. Ilgenfritz, M. Irfan, M. Ivanov, Valery Ivanov, Victor Ivanov, Vladimir Ivanov, A. Ivashkin, K. Jaaskelainen, H. Jahan, V. Jain, V. Jakovlev, T. Janson, A. Jipa, I. Kadenko, B. Kämpfer, S. Kalcher, V. Kalinin, K.-H. Kampert, Tae Im Kang, E. Kaptur, R. Karabowicz, O. Karavichev, T. Karavicheva, D. Karmanov, V. Karnaukhov, E. Karpechev, K. Kasiński, G. Kasprowicz, M. Kaur, A. Kazantsev, U. Kebschull, G. Kekelidze, M.M. Khan, S.A. Khan, A. Khanzadeev, F. Khasanov, A. Khvorostukhin, V. Kirakosyan, M. Kirejczyk, A. Kiryakov, M. Kiš, I. Kisel, P. Kisel, S. Kiselev, A. Kiss, T. Kiss, P. Klaus, R. Kłeczek, Ch. Klein-Bösing, V. Kleipa, P. Kmon, K. Koch, L. Kochenda, P. Koczoń, W. König, M. Kohn, B.W. Kolb, A. Kolosova, B. Komkov, J.M. Kopfer, M. Korolev, I. Korolko, R. Kotte, A. Kotynia, A. Kovalchuk, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, G. Kozlov, P. Kravtsov, E. Krebs, C. Kreidl, D. Kresan, G. Kretschmar, M. Kretz, M. Krieger, E. Kryshen, W. Kucewicz, L. Kudin, A. Kugler, I. Kulakov, J. Kunkel, A. Kurepin, P. Kurilkin, V. Kushpil, V. Kyva, V. Ladygin, C. Lara, P. Larionov, A. Laso Garcia, E. Lavrik, I. Lazanu, A. Lebedev, S. Lebedev, E. Lebedeva, J. Lehnert, J. Lehrbach, F. Lemke, Cheng Li, Jin Li, Qiyan Li, Yuanjing Li, Yulan Li, V. Lindenstruth, S. Linev, B. Linnik, E. Litvinenko, Feng Liu, I. Lobanov, E. Lobanova, S. Löchner, P.-A. Loizeau, J.A. Lucio Martínez, A. Lymanets, A. Maevskaya, S. Mahajan, D.P. Mahapatra, T. Mahmoud, P. Maj, Z. Majka, A. Malakhov, E. Malankin, D. Malkevich, O. Malyatina, H. Malygina, S. Mandal, V. Manko, S. Manz, V. Marin, A.M. Marin Garcia, J. Markert, S. Masciocchi, T. Matulewicz, M. Merkin, V. Mialkovski, J. Michel, N. Miftakhov, K. Mikhailov, V. Mikhaylov, B. Milanović, V. Militsija, M.F. Mir, D. Miskowiec, T. Morhardt, W.F.J. Müller, C. Müntz, Yu. Murin, R. Najman, L. Naumann, T. Nayak, A. Nedosekin, B. Neumann, W. Niebur, V. Nikulin, D. Normanov, M. Nüssle, A. Oancea, Kunsu Oh, Y. Onishchuk, D. Osipov, G. Ososkov, D. Ossetski, P. Otfinowski, E. Ovcharenko, S. Pal, I. Panasenko, N.R. Panda, S. Parzhitskiy, C. Pauly, Haiping Peng, I. Peric, D. Peshekhonov, V. Peshekhonov, V. Petráček, M. Petriş, A. Petrovici, M. Petrovici, A. Petrovskiy, O. Petukhov, K. Piasecki, J. Pieper, J. Pietraszko, R. Płaneta, E. Plekhanov, V. Plotnikov, V. Plujko, J. Pluta, V. Poliakov, P. Polozov, A. Pop, V. Popov, V. Pospisil, B.V.K.S. Potukuchi, J. Pouryamout, K. Poźniak, A. Prakash, M. Prokudin, I. Pshenichnov, M. Pugach, V. Pugatch, S. Querchfeld, L. Radulescu, S. Raha, W. Raja, F. Rami, R. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, A. Raportirenko, J. Rautenberg, J. Rauza, R. Ray, S. Razin, P. Reichelt, S. Reinecke, A. Reshetin, C. Ristea, O. Ristea, F. Roether, R. Romaniuk, A. Rost, E. Rostchin, I. Rostovtseva, A. Roy, J. Rożynek, Yu. Ryabov, V. Rykalin, A. Sadovsky, S. Sadovsky, R. Sahoo, P.K. Sahu, J. Saini, S. Samanta, S.S. Sambyal, V. Samsonov, J. Sánchez Rosado, S. Sau, V. Saveliev, S. Schatral, C. Schiaua, C.J. Schmidt, H.R. Schmidt, K. Schmidt, K. Schweda, A. Scurtu, F. Seck, S. Seddiki, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Semennikov, A. Senger, P. Senger, A. Shabunov, Ming Shao, M.K. Sharma, N. Shumeiko, V. Shumikhin, B. Sikora, A. Simakov, C. Simon, C. Simons, R.N. Singaraju, A.K. Singh, B.K. Singh, C.P. Singh, V. Singhal, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, L. Škoda, I. Skwira-Chalot, I. Som, Jihye Song, I. Sorokin, Z. Sosin, D. Soyk, P. Staszel, A. Stavinskiy, E. Stephan, D. Storozhyk, M. Strikhanov, S. Strohauer, J. Stroth, C. Sturm, R. Sultanov, Yongjie Sun, O. Svoboda, R. Szczygieł, R. Talukdar, Zebo Tang, M. Tanha, J. Tarasiuk, O. Tarassenkova, M.-G. Târzilă, V. Tiflov, T. Tischler, P. Tlustý, A. Toia, T. Tolyhi, N. Topil'skaya, C. Trageser, P. Trivedy, I. Tsakov, Yu. Tsyupa, A. Turowiecki, F. Uhlig, E. Usenko, I. Valin, T. Vasiliev, I. Vassiliev, E. Verbitskaya, W. Verhoeven, A. Veshikov, R. Visinka, Y.P. Viyogi, S. Volkov, Yu. Volkov, A. Vorobiev, A. Voronin, V. Vovchenko, E. Vznuzdaev, M. Vznuzdaev, Dong Wang, Yaping Wang, Wang Yi, C. Wendisch, J.P. Wessels, M. Wiebusch, J. Wiechula, B. Wiedemann, D. Wielanek, A. Wieloch, N. Winckler, M. Winter, K. Wiśniewski, D. Wohlfeld, Gy. Wolf, Won Sanguk, J. Wüstenfeld, Changzhou Xiang, Xu Nu, Jun-Gyu Yi, Zhongbao Yin, In-Kwon Yoo, Qian Yue, B. Yuldashev, I. Yushmanov, W. Zabołotny, Yu. Zaitsev, Yu. Zanevsky, M. Zhalov, Ya Peng Zhang, Yifei Zhang, Daicui Zhou, Xianglei Zhu, A. Zinchenko, W. Zipper, M. Żoładź, P. Zrelov, V. Zryuev, P. Zumbruch, and M. Zyzak

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published
2014

5. A Large Ungated TPC with GEM Amplification

Author

D. Soyk, Johannes Rauch, S. Dørheim, Y. Leifels, R. Schmitz, F.V. Böhmer, I. Konorov, J. Hehner, N. Herrmann, C. J. Schmidt, Bernd Voss, M. Berger, Laura Fabbietti, Johann Zmeskal, V. Kleipa, R. Arora, M. Kiš, P. Müllner, D. Walther, J.-C. Chen, J. Kunkel, S. Neubert, B. Ketzer, M. Vandenbroucke, N. Kurz, R. Beck, Ch. Höppner, F. Cusanno, Francisco Garcia, R. H. Munzer, D. Kaiser, M. Ball, and Helsinki Institute of Physics

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Time projection chamber (TPC), Gas electron multiplier (GEM), FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 114 Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), ALICE, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Instrumentation, Physics, Wire chamber, Time projection chamber, Particle tracking, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Ion backflow, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Detector, Bandwidth (signal processing), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Dead time, Grid, Gas electron multiplier, FOPI
Abstract

A Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is an ideal device for the detection of charged particle tracks in a large volume covering a solid angle of almost $4\pi$. The high density of hits on a given particle track facilitates the task of pattern recognition in a high-occupancy environment and in addition provides particle identification by measuring the specific energy loss for each track. For these reasons, TPCs with Multiwire Proportional Chamber (MWPC) amplification have been and are widely used in experiments recording heavy-ion collisions. A significant drawback, however, is the large dead time of the order of 1 ms per event generated by the use of a gating grid, which is mandatory to prevent ions created in the amplification region from drifting back into the drift volume, where they would severely distort the drift path of subsequent tracks. For experiments with higher event rates this concept of a conventional TPC operating with a triggered gating grid can therefore not be applied without a significant loss of data. A continuous readout of the signals is the more appropriate way of operation. This, however, constitutes a change of paradigm with considerable challenges to be met concerning the amplification region, the design and bandwidth of the readout electronics, and the data handling. A mandatory prerequisite for such an operation is a sufficiently good suppression of the ion backflow from the avalanche region, which otherwise limits the tracking and particle identification capabilities of such a detector. Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) are a promising candidate to combine excellent spatial resolution with an intrinsic suppression of ions. In this paper we describe the design, construction and the commissioning of a large TPC with GEM amplification and without gating grid (GEM-TPC)., Comment: 73 pages, 55 figures

Published
2017

6. Challenges in QCD matter physics --The scientific programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Author

V. Jakovlev, R. Talukdar, Alberica Toia, V.M. Golovatyuk, P. Ivanov, Abhijit Bhattacharyya, M. Kohn, Yu. Onishchuk, M. Tanha, Suman Sau, E. Friske, L. Kumar, A. Roy, Valerica Baban, Yaping Wang, V. Blinov, D. Svirida, Pradip Kumar Sahu, D. Dementiev, A. Gomez Ramirez, M. Petris, Ming Shao, D. Blau, Yu. P. Tsyupa, A. Rost, D. P. Mahapatra, Y. F. Ryabov, D. Wielanek, Anju Bhasin, C. Lara, Saikat Biswas, Shusu Shi, E. P. Akishina, F. Seck, V. Jain, Hongfang Chen, O. Malyatina, B. Komkov, I. Carevic, V. Baublis, Raghunath Sahoo, D. Normanov, Tetyana Galatyuk, S. Amar-Youcef, Cristian Andrei, Yu. I. Bocharov, A. Vorobiev, M. Strikhanov, Y. Leifels, O. Petukhov, A. Petrovici, Dezso Varga, Oana Ristea, W. Verhoeven, J. Sánchez Rosado, Victor Golovtsov, S. Belogurov, E. Kryshen, M. Dey, Johannes Lehrbach, Y. P. Viyogi, A. V. Kazantsev, A. Himmi, M. Anđelić, Oleg Bezshyyko, Cheng Li, A. Raportirenko, Xu Cai, C. Kreidl, Daniela Bartos, T. Balog, Volker Lindenstruth, A. Chaus, M. Mohisin Khan, Mate Csanad, J. Pluta, A. Senger, Matthias Balzer, Christoph Blume, H. Appelshäuser, Di Jiang, B. Kämpfer, A. Lymanets, I. Berceanu, S. Gorbunov, S. Sarangi, V. Pospíšil, N. Heine, A. Veshikov, Yuanjing Li, V. Kushpil, Ch. Klein-Bösing, I. Selyuzhenkov, S. Razin, Guofeng Song, D. Belyakov, G. Berezin, V. Kyva, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, K. Schmidt, V. Klochkov, Alla Maevskaya, P.-A. Loizeau, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, V.A. Karnaukhov, J. Bendarouach, C. Xiang, A.D. Sheremetiev, V. F. Chepurnov, Hr Schmidt, Zbigniew Sosin, M. Singla, I. Momot, O. Andreeva, I. Alexandrov, R. N. Singaraju, S. Avdeev, Evgeny Alexandrov, R. Płaneta, Gennady Ososkov, D. Hutter, A. Reinefeld, C.J. Schmidt, Andrei Dorokhov, Vikram Patel, K.-H. Becker, N. Kurepin, E. Lebedeva, C. P. Singh, Y. K. Sun, K. Jaaskelainen, Andras Szabo, J. Rożynek, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, V. S. Negi, Krzysztof Piasecki, W. F. J. Müller, M. Baznat, N. Miftakhov, Feng Liu, N. Ahmad, L. Skoda, G. D. Kekelidze, Vladimir Ivanov, Krzysztof Kasinski, Xi-Wei Wang, D. Miskowiec, Serguei Volkov, Sudhir Raniwala, I. Tsakov, A. Nedosekin, Peter Senger, T. Barczyk, S. Dubnichka, C. Ristea, N.G. Tuturas, E. V. Atkin, D. Karmanov, W. Zabolotny, Tatiana Karavicheva, Subhasis Samanta, Yu.V. Zanevsky, S. Bähr, O. Batenkov, M. Petrovici, B. Milanovic, Muhammad Farooq, R. Karabowicz, I. Vassiliev, P. Staszel, Sheng Dong, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, P. Koczon, Goutam Gangopadhyay, P. Zumbruch, Vladimir Plujko, Y. Berdnikov, Shue He, Volodymyr Vovchenko, V. Mialkovski, W. Zipper, T. Bus, O. Tarassenkova, S. K. Sahu, V. Militsija, Yu. Zaitsev, C. Müntz, S. K. Ghosh, Sushanta Tripathy, E. Rostchin, V. Shumikhin, I. Fröhlich, I. Panasenko, A. Laso Garcia, L. Dutka, Yu.S. Anisimov, B. Linnik, T. Tischler, A. Ivashkin, R. Kotte, Calin Besliu, T. Akishina, Rashmi Raniwala, Sheng Zheng, K. Koch, J. Kunkel, A. Shabunov, E. Lobanova, Wojciech Kucewicz, T. Breitner, M. Al-Turany, R. P. Adak, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, S. Masciocchi, Zhongbao Yin, Xinjie Huang, Jens Wiechula, Nu Xu, I. Kisel, Christian Sturm, T. Mahmoud, V. Kalinin, A. Abuhoza, Mohd Danish Azmi, P. Zrelov, Jing Zhou, M. Dželalija, C. Deveaux, M. Goffe, Ke-Jun Wu, S. Strohauer, S. Bashir, D. Argintaru, B. Heß, A. Turowiecki, M. B. Golubeva, F. Ahmad, S. Gläßel, V. Plotnikov, Manuel Penschuck, Supriya Das, Grzegorz Kasprowicz, Vladislav Manko, O. Vasylyev, D. Kresan, L. Kudin, Yu. V. Gusakov, Dongdong Hu, Vladimir Nikulin, M. Ivanov, D. Gottschalk, Karl-Heinz Kampert, A. Kolosova, G. Caragheorgheopol, K. Dey, K. Mikhailov, Anand Kumar Dubey, J. Scholten, S. P. D. Figuli, T. Blank, Ajit Kumar, Vladimir Peshekhonov, Igor Pshenichnov, E. Badura, Michael Deveaux, I. Rostovtseva, M. Kiš, Jürgen Becker, Evgeny Karpechev, B. W. Kolb, Valery Pugatch, Xiaofeng Luo, I. Som, E. Ovcharenko, F.F. Guber, H. Büsching, H. Cherif, N. R. Panda, Zubayer Ahammed, R. Najman, Fouad Rami, M. Gumiński, J. Pieper, Jerzy Gajda, G. Kozlov, H. Jahan, A. Drozd, V. Butuzov, Joachim Stroth, I. K. Yoo, Thomas Janson, M. Petri, R. Holzmann, D. Finogeev, S. Golovnya, Ping Cao, E. Malankin, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, L. Meder, Junfeng Yang, Lei Zhao, C. Simon, S. Kuznetsov, I. Valin, M. Zyzak, H. Hartmann, T. Satława, Yi Wang, Anton Andronic, Daicui Zhou, Zebo Tang, M. Prokudin, V. Saveliev, Qiyan Li, I. M. Deppner, Mahitosh Mandal, F. Uhlig, J. A. Lucio Martínez, J. Book, L. Mik, S. Schatral, S. K. Pal, A. Petrovskiy, J. Pietraszko, B. Debnath, E. Usenko, O. Svoboda, Gy. Wolf, V.V. Elsha, J. Lehnert, Pengfei Lyu, S. Seddiki, Peter Fischer, Huanhuan Fan, D. Doering, J. Frühauf, C. Wendisch, Yu Zhang, V. Kozlov, P. Tlustý, Piotr Otfinowski, N. Baranova, Sergey Kiselev, J. Rautenberg, Dmitry Mal'kevich, I. Kadenko, I. Lobanov, Mikhail Zhalov, A. Rodriguez Rodriguez, D. Emschermann, Vikas Singhal, Pavel Akishin, M. Bach, P. Kravtsov, X. Zhu, C. Nandi, I. Korolko, Rongxing Yang, E. Nandy, D. Ivanischev, Anil Prakash, A. Semennikov, I. E. Yushmanov, S. Parzhitskiy, M. Vznuzdaev, A. Khvorostukhin, A. Kiryakov, Soma Mukherjee, LuYao Chen, M. Pugach, Piotr Kmon, J. Gebelein, V. Kleipa, C. Bergmann, Kai Schweda, S. Rabtsun, Victor Ivanov, Tivadar Kiss, M. Dreschmann, I. G. Alekseev, A. K. Kurilkin, A. Volochniuk, E. Krebs, A. Lebedev, V. Kramarenko, N. Topil'skaya, S. Das, S. Lebedev, S. Querchfeld, Madan M. Aggarwal, N.I. Zamiatin, Amrendra K. Singh, Swagata Mandal, A. Khanzadeev, C. Simons, Gilles Claus, U. Frankenfeld, V.V. Ivanov, A. Chernogorov, Pascal Dillenseger, V. Dobyrn, Z. Dubnichkova, S. Löchner, Bhartendu K. Singh, S. Ahmad, Rishat Sultanov, J. Kallunkathariyil, A. Wieloch, T. Matulewicz, R. Berendes, A. Shabanov, Saniya Khan, V. Friese, Anik Gupta, L. Kochenda, M. Kirejczyk, Pavel Kisel, Amlan Chakrabarti, Ashwini Kumar, Michal Koziel, A. Berdnikov, A. Sadovsky, T. O. Ablyazimov, S. Mahajan, M. Merkin, Robert Szczygiel, C. Pauly, Krzysztof Poźniak, F. Roether, Alexey Kurepin, Alexander Voronin, A. Bubak, Nikolai Shumeiko, Nicolas Winckler, A. V. Kryanev, Andrey Reshetin, A. Simakov, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, E. M. Ilgenfritz, B. Sikora, Jihye Song, J. Hehner, Zhi Deng, M. Irfan, J. Saini, S. A. Lone, L. Naumann, D. Eschweiler, A. M. Marin Garcia, P. Kähler, O. Derenovskaya, A.P. Ierusalimov, Alexandru Jipa, K. Agarwal, T. Tolyhi, H. Malygina, Xingming Fan, Amalia Pop, Dmitry Golubkov, E. M. Verbitskaya, L. Radulescu, Ryszard S. Romaniuk, D. Pfeifer, Yifei Zhang, Rajarshi Ray, V. Zryuev, M. Teklishyn, M. Träger, S. Morozov, H. Flemming, A. Oancea, A. Wilms, P. Ghosh, A. Grzeszczuk, V. Mikhaylov, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Ankhi Roy, Sanguk Won, Vladimir Samsonov, T. Esanu, V. Akishina, D.V. Peshekhonov, A.I. Zinchenko, M. Żoładź, Xin Li, I. Sibiryak, J. Wüstenfeld, Aleksey Voronin, M. Korolev, Guangming Huang, A. Kugler, E. Kaptur, J. Michel, J. Tarasiuk, Manjit Kaur, A. Bychkov, F. Lemke, Bekhzod S Yuldashev, T. K. Bhattacharyya, S. Gorokhov, F. Schintke, P. Klaus, Adrian Byszuk, Ionel Lazanu, Dong Wang, Michael Dürr, M. Krieger, H. Deppe, Sibaji Raha, O. Sander, S. Kowalski, K. Wiśniewski, Alexander Malakhov, I. Filozova, Shengqin Feng, M. Calin, S. Reinecke, V. Kucher, M. Weber, A. Kovalchuk, V. Petráček, M. Adamczyk, K.K. Gudima, Johannes Peter Wessels, P. Sitzmann, J. Markert, V. K. Eremin, Alexandru Bercuci, Marc Winter, Mateusz Baszczyk, M.I. Ciobanu, E. Bao, M. Kuc, U. Brüning, O. V. Fateev, Piotr Maj, J. de Cuveland, M. G. Târzilă, Pavel Larionov, R. Averbeck, Jianping Cheng, Jacek Rauza, C. E. Muñoz Castillo, N. D'Ascenzo, O. Bertini, Wendi Deng, G. Kretschmar, I. Skwira-Chalot, W. Niebur, K. Oh, V. P. Ladygin, T. Morhardt, C. Höhne, M. G. Wiebusch, Partha Pratim Bhaduri, Dong Han, Oleg Karavichev, N. Herrmann, R. Visinka, F. Constantin, C. García Chávez, J. Brzychczyk, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, D. Soyk, V. V. Kirakosyan, W. Koenig, D. Bertini, Z. Majka, F. Khasanov, J. Eschke, P. Gryboś, E. Lavrik, V. Cătănescu, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, P. K. Kurilkin, J.M. Heuser, Adeel Akram, Yu. Murin, Alexander Akindinov, A. K. Bhati, I. Kres, J. Förtsch, Rafal Kleczek, Jiajun Zheng, S. Manz, T. K. Nayak, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CBM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
J/psi(3100), Phase transition, matter: interaction, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, hypernucleus, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Critical point (thermodynamics), transport theory, hadron: gas, Nuclear Experiment, neutron star, QCD matter, Brookhaven RHIC Coll, quark gluon: plasma, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, fireball, elliptic flow, strong interaction, Observable, heavy ion, CERN LHC Coll, QCD matter, Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP), QCD phase diagram, strong interaction, hadronic matter, partonic matte, heavy-ion, 2-4.9 GeV/nucleon, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, CBM, charmonium, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Strong interaction, review, nonperturbative, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], symmetry: chiral, quantum chromodynamics: critical phenomena, strangeness, 0103 physical sciences, density: high, Darmstadt GSI FAIR, structure, 010306 general physics, equation of state, quantum chromodynamics: matter, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, nucleus, temperature: high, baryon, Neutron star, Automatic Keywords, HADES, charm
Abstract

International audience; Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 ( $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 2.7--4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials ( $\mu_B > 500$ MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation of state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2024, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.

Published
2017

7. Testing of triple-GEM chambers for CBM experiment at FAIR using self-triggered readout electronics

Author

G.S.N. Murthy, V. Kleipa, Anand Kumar Dubey, Th. Morhardt, Saikat Biswas, R. N. Singaraju, A. Lymanets, Jogender Saini, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Christian Schmidt, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, A. Abuhoza, U. Frankenfeld, D.J. Schmidt, J. Hehner, and Y. P. Viyogi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Argon, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, chemistry.chemical_element, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Antiproton, Antimatter, Measuring instrument, Instrumentation, Voltage
Abstract

Triple GEM chamber has been selected to be used for the muon detection system (MUCH) in the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the upcoming Facility for the Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). Two prototype triple-GEM chambers filled with the mixture of argon and CO2 gases in the ratio of 70:30 were made of small-size (10 cm×10 cm) single-mask GEM foils and read by a self-triggered readout ASIC called nXYTER have been tested with pion beams at CERN. The readout electronics records the arrival times of GEM hits and of corresponding coincidence trigger signals separately. The distribution of time difference between GEM hits and respective triggers shows a peak demonstrating the time correlation between GEM hits and the trigger. The width (σ) of the time-correlation peak, which is related to the time resolution of the chamber, reduces with voltage approaching ≈ 12 ns at Δ V GEM of 335 V. Considering the hits inside the time-correlation peak to correspond to the beam trigger, the efficiency reaches a plateau at 95% at Δ GEM above 330 V. For a readout plane segmented by 3 mm×3 mm pads, on an average 1.2 pads are fired per trigger for pion beams at the operating voltage. The chamber shows a gain of ≈ 4000 at Δ V GEM of 350 V.

Published
2014

8. First measurement of dE/dx with a GEM-based TPC

Author

Piotr Jan Gasik, Korbinian Eckstein, M. Berger, Christian Schmidt, S. Dørheim, Matthew Lang, S. Schwab, Ch. Höppner, R. Schmitz, Y. Leifels, Soumen Paul, K. Peters, Harvey A. Risch, R. Beck, M. Ball, A. Hönle, D. Soyk, Johannes Rauch, M. Vandenbroucke, B. Ketzer, D. Walther, J.-C. Berger-Chen, J. Hehner, T. Hackler, J. Weinert, Johann Zmeskal, V. Kleipa, F. Cusanno, Sebastian Uhl, R. H. Munzer, S. Neubert, I. Konorov, P. Müllner, N. Herrmann, L. Schmitt, Bernd Voss, Laura Fabbietti, M. Kiš, J. Kunkel, R. Arora, F.V. Böhmer, N. Kurz, Paul Alois Buhler, J. Frühauf, and D. Kaiser

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Time projection chamber, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Charged particle, Particle detector, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Specific energy, ddc:530, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation
Abstract

In this work we present the first measurement of the specific energy loss (d E /d x ) and an analysis of the resulting charged-particle identification (PID) capabilities of a large-scale TPC with GEM-based gas amplification. The data has been recorded inside the FOPI spectrometer at GSI, Germany, using reactions of 1.7 GeV/ c pions impinging on a carbon target. In the specific energy loss spectrum clear bands for pions, kaons, protons and deuterons are observed. The specific energy loss resolution is studied as a function of the total particle momentum and as a function of the track length. It is found to be ~ 15 % , consistent with expectations.

Published
2014

9. Finite element simulations of low-mass readout cables for the CBM Silicon Tracking System using RAPHAEL

Author

V. Kleipa, J. M. Heuser, M. Singla, W. F. J. Muller, and S. Chatterji

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Signal processing, Silicon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Transmission loss, Spice, Electrical engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Tracking system, Tracking (particle physics), Finite element method, chemistry, Electronics, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

The first three-dimensional simulation study of thin multi-line readout cables using finite element simulation tool RAPHAEL is being reported. The application is the Silicon Tracking System (STS) of the fixed-target heavy-ion experiment Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM), under design at the forthcoming accelerator center FAIR in Germany. RAPHAEL has been used to design low-mass analog readout cables with minimum possible Equivalent Noise Charge (ENC). Various trace geometries and trace materials have been explored in detail for this optimization study. These cables will bridge the distance between the microstrip detectors and the signal processing electronics placed at the periphery of the silicon tracking stations. SPICE modeling has been implemented in Sentaurus Device to study the transmission loss (dB loss) in cables and simulation has been validated with measurements. An optimized design having minimum possible ENC, material budget and transmission loss for the readout cables has been proposed.

Published
2014

10. Wavelength shifting films on multianode PMTs with UV-extended window for the CBM RICH detector

Author

S. Belogurov, Yong-Un Nam, B. W. Kolb, K. Oh, N. Miftakhov, T. Mahmoud, C. Pauly, A. Chernogorov, M. Traxler, J. Pouryamout, T. Torres de Heidenreich, W. Niebur, Vladimir Samsonov, O. Tarasenkova, C. Ugur, J. Kopfer, E. Roshchin, E. Ovcharenko, Jihye Song, C. Höhne, V. Kleipa, M. Vznuzdaev, V. Dobyrn, Juyeon Yi, Y. Riabov, K.-H. Becker, E. Lebedeva, Karl-Heinz Kampert, S. Linev, J. Adamczewski-Musch, S. Lebedev, J. Rautenberg, Michael Dürr, N. Boldyreva, J. Eom, S. Reinecke, J. Michel, E. Leonova, E. Vznuzdaev, I. K. Yoo, C. Deveaux, J. Eschke, S. Querchfeld, L. Kochenda, and P. Kravtsov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Electron, Wavelength, Optics, Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, Quantum efficiency, business, Instrumentation, Image resolution, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Electron identification in the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will be performed using a gaseous RICH detector. Due to the UV transparency of the CO 2 radiator, a high photon detection efficiency of the PMTs in use at small wavelengths is favourable. The use of wavelength shifting (WLS) films aims at increasing the integral quantum efficiency of the photon sensors. WLS films absorb UV photons and re-emit photons at longer wavelengths where the quantum efficiency of common photocathodes is higher. As photon sensors, multianode PMTs (MAPMTs) with bialkali or superbialkali photocathodes and UV-extended windows are envisaged. We present quantum efficiency measurements with and without WLS coating for different types of MAPMTs as well as results from a beam test at the CERN PS. An increased photon yield was observed when using WLS films. In addition, we discuss the effect of WLS films on the spatial resolution of MAPMTs.

Published
2014

11. The CBM Collaboration

Author

A. Abuhoza, J. Adamczewski-Musch, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, F. Ahmad, N. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, A. Akindinov, P. Akishin, E. Akishina, T. Akishina, V. Akishina, M. Al-Turany, S. Amar-Youcef, M. Anđelić, C. Andrei, A. Andronic, Yu. Anisimov, H. Appelshäuser, A. Arend, D. Argintaru, T. Armbruster, E. Atkin, S. Avdeyev, M.D. Azmi, V. Baban, M. Bach, E. Badura, S. Baginyan, T. Balog, S. Bandyopadhyay, P. Banerjee, N. Baranova, D. Bartoş, S. Bashir, Z. Basrak, M. Baszczyk, O. Batenkov, V. Baublis, C. Baumann, K.-H. Becker, T. Bel, S. Belogurov, I. Berceanu, E. Berdermann, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikov, R. Berendes, C. Bergmann, D. Bertini, C. Beşliu, O. Bezshyyko, P.P. Bhaduri, A. Bhasin, A.K. Bhati, B. Bhattacharjee, A. Bhattacharyya, T.K. Bhattacharyya, S. Biswas, D. Blau, C. Blume, Yu. Bocharov, S. Böttger, M. Borysova, B. Bozsogi, T. Breitner, U. Brüning, J. Brzychczyk, A. Bubak, A. Bychkov, Xu Cai, M. Cãlin, R. Čaplar, G. Caragheorgheopol, I. Carević, V. Cătănescu, A. Chakrabarti, S. Chatterji, Sanatan Chattopadhyay, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Hongfang Chen, Jianping Cheng, V. Chepurnov, S. Chernenko, A. Chernogorov, M.I. Ciobanu, G. Claus, F. Constantin, V. Covlea, M. Csanád, N. DʼAscenzo, S. Das, K. Davkov, V. Davkov, J. de Cuveland, B. Debnath, Zhi Deng, H. Deppe, I. Deppner, O. Derenovskaya, M. Deveaux, K. Dey, M. Dey, P. Dillenseger, V. Dobyrn, D. Doering, M. Domachowski, A. Dorokhov, C.A. Dritsa, A.K. Dubey, S. Dubnichka, A. Dubnichkova, W. Dulinski, M. Dželalija, D. Emschermann, H. Engel, V. Eremin, T. Eşanu, J. Eschke, O. Fateev, P. Fischer, H. Flemming, U. Frankenfeld, V. Friese, I. Fröhlich, J. Frühauf, Á. Fülöp, J. Gajda, T. Galatyuk, A. Galkin, V. Galkin, G. Gangopadhyay, M.S. Ganti, C. García Chávez, I. Gašparić, J. Gebelein, P. Ghosh, S.K. Ghosh, M. Goffe, V. Golovatyuk, S. Golovnya, V. Golovtsov, M. Golubeva, D. Golubkov, S. Gorbunov, D. Gottschalk, P. Gryboś, A. Grzeszczuk, F. Guber, A. Gupta, Yu. Gusakov, A. Haldar, S. Haldar, M. Hartig, J. Hehner, K. Heidel, N. Heine, A. Herghelegiu, N. Herrmann, B. Heß, J.M. Heuser, A. Himmi, C. Höhne, R. Holzmann, Guangming Huang, J. Hutsch, D. Hutter, A. Ierusalimov, E.-M. Ilgenfritz, M. Irfan, Valery Ivanov, Victor Ivanov, Vladimir Ivanov, A. Ivashkin, K. Jaaskelainen, V. Jakovlev, T. Janson, A. Jipa, I. Kadenko, B. Kämpfer, S. Kalcher, V. Kalinin, K.-H. Kampert, Tae Im Kang, E. Kaptur, R. Karabowicz, O. Karavichev, T. Karavicheva, D. Karmanov, V. Karnaukhov, E. Karpechev, K. Kasiński, M. Kaur, A. Kazantsev, U. Kebschull, G. Kekelidze, M.M. Khan, S.A. Khan, A. Khanzadeev, F. Khasanov, V. Kirakosyan, M. Kirejczyk, M. Kiš, I. Kisel, P. Kisel, S. Kiselev, A. Kiss, T. Kiss, R. Kłeczek, Ch. Klein-Bösing, V. Kleipa, K. Koch, L. Kochenda, P. Koczoń, B. Kolb, B. Komkov, J.M. Kopfer, M. Korolev, I. Korolko, R. Kotte, A. Kotynia, A. Kovalchuk, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, G. Kozlov, P. Kravtsov, C. Kreidl, D. Kresan, M. Kretz, M. Krieger, E. Kryshen, W. Kucewicz, L. Kudin, A. Kugler, I. Kulakov, J. Kunkel, A. Kurepin, V. Kyva, V. Ladygin, C. Lara, P. Larionov, A. Laso Garcia, E. Lavrik, I. Lazanu, A. Lebedev, S. Lebedev, E. Lebedeva, J. Lehrbach, F. Lemke, Cheng Li, Jin Li, Li Qyian, Yuanjing Li, Yulan Li, V. Lindenstruth, S. Linev, E. Litvinenko, Feng Liu, I. Lobanov, E. Lobanova, S. Löchner, P.-A. Loizeau, A. Lymanets, A. Maevskaya, S. Mahajan, D.P. Mahapatra, T. Mahmoud, P. Maj, Z. Majka, A. Malakhov, O. Malyatina, H. Malygina, J. Manjavidze, V. Manko, S. Manz, V. Marin, T. Matulewicz, M. Merkin, V. Mialkovski, N. Miftakhov, K. Mikhailov, B. Milanovic, V. Militsija, F. Mir, W.F.J. Müller, C. Müntz, Yu. Murin, L. Naumann, T. Nayak, B. Neumann, W. Niebur, V. Nikulin, M. Nüssle, A. Oancea, Oh Kunsu, Y. Onishchuk, G. Ososkov, D. Ossetski, P. Otfinowski, E. Ovcharenko, Pal Susanta, I. Panasenko, S. Parzhitskiy, C. Pauly, Haiping Peng, I. Peric, D. Peshekhonov, V. Peshekhonov, V. Petráček, M. Petriş, A. Petrovici, M. Petrovici, A. Petrovskiy, O. Petukhov, K. Piasecki, J. Pietraszko, E. Plekhanov, V. Plujko, V. Poliakov, P. Polozov, A. Pop, V. Popov, V. Pospisil, B.V.K.S. Potukuchi, J. Pouryamout, A. Prakash, M. Prokudin, I. Pshenichnov, V. Pugatch, S. Querchfeld, S. Raha, W. Raja, F. Rami, R. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, A. Raportirenko, J. Rautenberg, R. Ray, S. Razin, P. Reichelt, S. Reinecke, A. Reshetin, C. Ristea, O. Ristea, E. Rostchin, I. Rostovtseva, A. Roy, J. Rożynek, Yu. Ryabov, V. Rykalin, A. Sadovsky, S. Sadovsky, P.K. Sahu, J. Saini, S.S. Sambyal, V. Samsonov, J. Sanchez Rosado, V. Saveliev, S. Schatral, C. Schiaua, C.J. Schmidt, H.R. Schmidt, C. Schrader, K. Schweda, A. Scurtu, S. Seddiki, A. Semennikov, A. Senger, P. Senger, A. Shabunov, Ming Shao, M.K. Sharma, V. Shumikhin, B. Sikora, A. Simakov, C. Simon, C. Simons, R.N. Singaraju, A.K. Singh, B.K. Singh, C.P. Singh, V. Singhal, M. Singla, K. Siwek-Wilczynska, L. Škoda, Song Jihye, I. Sorokin, D. Soyk, P. Staszel, A. Stavinskiy, E. Stephan, D. Storozhyk, M. Strikhanov, J. Stroth, C. Sturm, Yongjie Sun, O. Svoboda, R. Szczygieł, R. Talukdar, Zebo Tang, O. Tarassenkova, M. Târzilă, V. Tiflov, T. Tischler, P. Tlustý, T. Tolyhi, N. Topilʼskaya, C. Trageser, P. Trivedy, I. Tsakov, Yu. Tsyupa, F. Uhlig, E. Usenko, I. Valin, T. Vasiliev, I. Vassiliev, E. Verbitskaya, W. Verhoeven, A. Veshikov, Y. Viyogi, S. Volkov, Yu. Volkov, A. Vorobiev, A. Voronin, E. Vznuzdaev, M. Vznuzdaev, Dong Wang, Yaping Wang, Yi Wang, C. Wendisch, J.P. Wessels, J. Wiechula, B. Wiedemann, M. Winter, K. Wisniewski, D. Wohlfeld, Gy. Wolf, J. Wüstenfeld, Changzhou Xiang, Xu Nu, Jun-Gyu Yi, Yin Zhongbao, In-Kwon Yoo, Qian Yue, I. Yushmanov, Yu. Zaitsev, Yu. Zanevsky, M. Zhalov, Ya Peng Zhang, Yifei Zhang, Zhou Daicui, Xianglei Zhu, A. Zinchenko, W. Zipper, M. Żoładź, P. Zrelov, V. Zryuev, P. Zumbruch, and M. Zyzak

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published
2013

12. A Large GEM-TPC Prototype Detector for anda

Author

F. Cusanno, R. Arora, J. Kunkel, M. Kiš, P. Müllner, Kunio Suzuki, J. Hehner, R. Schmitz, Y. Leifels, D. Soyk, D. Walther, I. Konorov, J. Voss, R. H. Munzer, Christian Schmidt, C. Hs, N. Herrmann, Johann Zmeskal, V. Kleipa, S. Dørheim, S. Neubert, S. Schwab, Harvey A. Risch, N. Kurz, M. Vandenbroucke, H. Angerer, U. Thoma, R. Beck, Klaus Peters, Laura Fabbietti, M. Ball, Sebastian Uhl, J. Frühauf, Matthew Lang, F.V. Böhmer, Bernd Voss, Soumen Paul, Alexander Winnebeck, J.-C. Chen, J. Fröppner, M. Berger, D. Kaiser, J. Weinert, and B. Ketzer

Subjects
Physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), Time projection chamber, GEM, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, PANDA, Detector, Physics and Astronomy(all), Micro-pattern gas detectors, Particle Tracking, Nuclear physics, Phase space, Gas electron multiplier, Physics::Accelerator Physics, TPC, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure), Storage ring, FAIR
Abstract

The PANDA spectrometer will be a state of the art universal detector for strong interaction studies at the High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) in the future international Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI, Darmstadt. The detector is designed to take advantage of the extraordinary physics potential which will be available utilizing high intensity, phase space cooled anti-proton beams. This facility will provide a cooled anti-proton beam−2with momenta of 1.5-15 GeV/c, a maximal luminosity of 2×1032cms−1 that translates into 2×107 pp annihilations per second. A GEM based Time Projection Chamber (TPC) was one of the central tracker candidates for the PANDA experiment. To check the feasibility of such a detector system, a large prototype GEM-TPC was built and tested inside the FOPI Spectrometer at GSI. A set of three Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) foils were used as amplification stage instead of Multi Wire Proportional Chambers. In this report, the design, construction, characterization of the prototype-detector system will be discussed in detail along with the results of recent beam tests.

Published
2012
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13. Systematic measurements of the gain and the energy resolution of single and double mask GEM detectors

Author

C. Garabatos, V. Kleipa, J. Hehner, A. Abuhoza, Saikat Biswas, D.J. Schmidt, U. Frankenfeld, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, J. Wiechula, Christian Schmidt, and T. Morhardt

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Resolution (electron density), Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Measuring instrument, Gas electron multiplier, Electric potential, business, Energy (signal processing), Voltage
Abstract

Systematic studies on the gain and the energy resolution have been carried out varying the voltage across the GEM foils for both single mask and double mask triple GEM detector prototypes. Variation of the gain and the energy resolution have also been measured varying either the drift voltage, transfer voltage and induction voltage keeping other voltages constant. The results of the systematic measurements has been presented., Comment: 2 pages, 4 figures

Published
2015
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14. A Continuously Running High-Rate GEM-TPC for

Author

Matthew Lang, D. Soyk, S. Dørheim, S. Schwab, R. Averbeckt, J. Hehner, Ch. Höppner, S. Neubert, Christian Schmidt, Friedemann Zenke, X. Zhang, J. Voss, R. Beck, H. Angerer, Johann Zmeskal, V. Kleipa, R. Schmitz, Bernd Voss, Alexander Winnebeck, R. Lalik, L. Fabbietti, D. Walther, M. Vandenbroucke, Soumen Paul, M. Berger, I. Konorov, F. Cusanno, Y. Leifelst, R. Arora, N. Herrmannt, K. Mladen, D. Kaiser, F.V. Böhmer, J. Kunkel, B. Ketzer, and J. Weinert

Subjects
Physics, High rate, Quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Momentum (technical analysis), Antiproton beam, Annihilation rate, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

The P ¯ ANDA fixed target experiment planned at FAIR will investigate fundamental questions of non-perturbative QCD. It makes use of a cooled antiproton beam (momentum: 1.5 to 15 GeV / c ) and will reach luminosities of up to 2 ⋅ 10 32 cm − 2 s − 1 , yielding a p ¯ p -annihilation rate of 2 ⋅ 10 7 s − 1 . One option for the central tracker of P ¯ ANDA is a cylindrical, ungated , continuously running TPC with GEM-based gas amplification stage.

Published
2011

15. A Time Projection Chamber for continuous readout

Author

I. Konorov, M. Berger, Piotr Jan Gasik, R. H. Munzer, J. Kunkel, Harvey A. Risch, J. Hehner, M. Vandenbroucke, M. Kiš, S. Dørheim, S. Schwab, D. Walther, Y. Leifels, M. Ball, D. Soyk, R. Beck, T. Hackler, Johann Zmeskal, Johannes Rauch, R. Schmitz, L. Schmitt, V. Kleipa, D. Kaiser, Bernd Voss, Korbinian Eckstein, Ch. Höppner, N. Kurz, Laura Fabbietti, Klaus Peters, F.V. Böhmer, Paul Alois Buhler, Sebastian Uhl, P. Müllner, J. Frühauf, R. Arora, S. Neubert, F. Cusanno, N. Herrmannk, J.-C. Berger-Chen, Matthew Lang, Soumen Paul, Christian Schmidt, J. Weinert, A. Hönle, and B. Ketzer

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Time projection chamber, Meson, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Volume (computing), Particle, Nuclear Experiment, Tracking (particle physics), Image resolution, Particle identification
Abstract

A Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with its 3-dimensional tracking and particle identification capabilities is a very powerful detector for high multiplicity events. TPCs are used for tracking in several experiments such as ALICE, STAR and many others. A drawback of such devices is the restriction to trigger rates of the order of 1 kHz due to the necessity of a gating grid which prevents ions produced in the amplification region of MWPCs from entering the drift volume. A GEM-TPC has been built which is the GEM-TPC with the largest active volume up to date. The detector has been commissioned with cosmics and particle beams at the FOPI experiment at GSI, and was employed for a physics measurement with a pion beam.

Published
2013

16. Exploring various isolation techniques for the development of low-mass, low-noise silicon tracking stations for the CBM experiment

Author

M. Singla, W. F. J. Muller, S. Chatterji, J. M. Heuser, and V. Kleipa

Subjects
Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Capacitive sensing, Detector, Electrical engineering, Tracking system, Tracking (particle physics), Noise (electronics), Nuclear electronics, Electronic engineering, Electronics, business
Abstract

The simulation study of a system of Double Sided silicon microStrip Detectors (DSSDs) and thin multi-line readout cables is being reported. The application is the Silicon Tracking System (STS) of the fixed-target heavy-ion experiment Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) [1], under design at the forthcoming accelerator centre FAIR in Germany. A highly segmented low-mass tracking system for the charged particles is the central CBM detector system to resolve the high tracking densities originating from the impact of a heavy-ion beam on the nuclear target. The material budget shall be minimized by utilizing double-sided silicon microstrip detectors in several planar tracking stations, and by arranging the readout electronics at the periphery of the stations. Low-mass multi-line cables shall bridge the distance between the microstrip detectors and the signal processing electronics. The neutron fluence is expected to reach 2x101:3 neqcm-2 per year for the five years of the expected CBM run which puts us in the regime of LHC, high energy physics experiments. However our task is much more challenging since we use DSSDs, hence both detector sides should be operating at such high fluences. In order to investigate the life time of DSSDs, it is imperative to extract Charge Collection Efficiency (CCE) as a function of fluence for which one has to understand strip isolation in particular on the ohmic side. Hence various isolation techniques have been explored, for example Pstop, P-Spray, modulated P-spray (conventional techniques) and also a new isolation technique (Schottky barrier). The evaluation of the signal transmission in the cables has been performed with the finite element method (FEM) simulation tool RAPHAEL. Based on the performance of the front-end electronics used for early prototyping in the CBM experiment, capacitive and resistive noise contributions from the DSSDs and the readout cables have been extracted.

Published
2012

17. Prototype development of a GEM-TPC for the Super-FRS of the FAIR facility

Author

R. Lauhakangas, Francisco Garcia, V. Kleipa, Eija Tuominen, R. Janik, A. Prochazka, Peter Strmen, Branislav Sitar, Bernd Voss, S. Ndiaye, C. J. Bitchou, Miroslav Pikna, R. Turpeinen, and Matti Kalliokoski

Subjects
Radioactive ion beams, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Space resolution, Tracking (particle physics), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The FAIR[1] facility is an international accelerator centre for research with ion and antiproton beams. It is being built at Darmstadt, Germany as an extension to the current GSI research institute. One major part of the facility will be the Super-FRS[2] separator. The NUSTAR experiments will benefit from the Super-FRS, which will deliver an unprecedented range of radioactive ion beams (RIB). These experiments will use beams of different energies and characteristics in three different branches; the high-energy which utilizes the RIB at relativistic energies 300–1500 MeV/u as created in the production process, the low-energy branch aims to use beams in the range of 0–150 MeV/u whereas the ring branch will cool and store beams in the NESR ring. The main tasks for the Super-FRS beam diagnostics chambers will be for the set up and adjustment of the separator as well as to provide tracking and event-by-event particle identification. The Helsinki Institute of Physics, the Comenius University, Bratislava and the Detector Laboratory of GSI are in a joint R&D phase of a GEM-TPC detector which could satisfy the requirements of such diagnostics and tracking chambers in terms of tracking efficiency, space resolution and count rate capability. The current status and the first Beam test results will be shown.

Published
2011

18. The CBM Collaboration

Author

V. Maiatski, Z. Basrak, Andrey Reshetin, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, A. Raportirenko, V. Golovtsov, V. Ivanov, E. Kryshen, P. Akishin, P. Tlusty, Cs Soos, E. Vznuzdaev, M. Klein-Bøsing, M. Kachel, A. Semennikov, M. Dey, O. Torheim, A. Nadtochii, A. Kugel, A. Simakov, P. Zrelov, I. Rostovtseva, A. Chaus, V. Karasev, Zhi Deng, M. Winter, A. Khanzadeev, W. Dulinski, Yulan Li, Jianping Cheng, E. Rostchin, D. Ossetski, S. Kowalski, N.S. Topilskaya, H. Flemming, Amalia Pop, D. Karmanov, Vladimir Popov, A. Berdnikov, Calin Besliu, A. Soldatov, M. Chubarov, E. Badura, Yaping Wang, N. Abel, J. Rozynek, J. Manjavidze, L. Pal, I. Peric, D. Gottschalk, M. Ryzhinskiy, H. Engel, Mate Csanad, I. Carević, Udo Kebschull, Yi Wang, Min Sang Ryu, V. Ladygin, F.F. Guber, A. Poliakov, H. Fröning, Robert Szczygiel, Alla Maevskaya, E. Akishina, M. Koziel, P. Bhaduri, K. Jaaskelainen, R. De, R. Berendes, C. Garabatos, Zhongbao Yin, F. Khasanov, D.V. Peshekhonov, M. Borysova, M. De, S. Kiselev, Hayoung Lee, Daicui Zhou, E. Berdermann, C. Kreidel, D. P. Mahapatra, M. Merkin, Xiaolian Wang, A. Melnik, V. Manko, E. Denes, R. Kotte, A. Petrovici, A. Arefiev, A. Kazantsev, A. Chakraborti, C. J. Schmidt, P. Zelnicek, T. Sinha, C. Höhne, A. Kotynia, L. Boldizsar, S. Løchner, Ya Panasenko, Y. Bocharov, Valeriy Pozdniakov, Satarupa Bandyopadhyay, V. Rykalin, S. Böttger, M. Petris, V. I. Davkov, K. Mikhailov, P. Braun-Munzinger, U. Brüning, Ming Shao, B. Sikora, Joachim Stroth, G. Claus, J. Wessels, V. Mialkovski, A. Chernogorov, In Kwon Yoo, A. Gumenuik, Ju Gousakov, M. Petrovici, D. Kresan, Zebo Tang, G. Bashindzhagyan, D. Bertini, P. Fonte, M. R. DuttaMajumdar, P. Korobchuk, E. Grosse, A. Ivashkin, Yu Gilitsky, Byungsik Hong, K. Siwek-Wilczynska, J. Wüstenfeld, I. Vassiliev, Oleg Bezshyyko, A. K. Bhati, L. Skoda, G. D. Kekelidze, V. F. Chepurnov, P. Fischer, A. Bhattacharya, M. Kiš, M. N. Ukhanov, V. Galkin, A. Dubey, W. Niebur, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, G. Gangopadhyay, S. Seddiki, Y. Volkov, G. S.N. Murthy, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, S. Pal, C. Müntz, Xu Cai, A. Gupta, Yu.V. Zanevsky, R. Männer, K. Wisniewski, Y. Saini, B. Komkov, J. Gebelein, L. Naumann, S. Chatterji, Bedangadas Mohanty, Z. Ahmad, H. Ströbele, Xianglei Zhu, N. Ahmad, S. Manz, M. Dželalija, A. Golutvin, O. Tarassenkova, I. Ilyushenko, K. Ullaland, V. Cǎtǎnescu, B. K. Singh, I. Korolko, Cheng Li, P A Loizeau, M. Krauze, A. Semak, Alexandru Jipa, A. Sadovsky, V. Tiflov, Yu.S. Anisimov, Alexander Dermenev, A. Wilk, T. Esanu, E. M. Kashif, Y. Riabov, Valery Ivanov, A.L. Lebedev, I. Deppner, E.V. Lobanova, Yapeng Zhang, L. Solin, A. K. Singh, A. Stavinskiy, T. Nayak, H. K. Soltveit, Ziping Zhang, K. Koch, A. Andronic, P. Gasik, Krzysztof Kasinski, D. González-Díaz, D. Dutta, R. Raniwala, A. Petrovskiy, S. N. Golovnya, Vladimir Nikulin, I. Berceanu, A.P. Ierusalimov, D. A. Konstantinov, I. Valin, J. Eschke, V. Rasin, A. Galkin, Y. Sviridov, Z. Majka, T. Kiss, T. Galatyuk, A. Roy, A. Kovalchuk, V.A. Victorov, S. Belogurov, M. Hartig, Oleg Karavichev, Probir Roy, A. Prakash, Yu. V. Kharlov, C. Steinle, M. Zoła̧dź, T. Akishina, A. S. Silaev, C. P. Singh, Serguei Volkov, G. B. Vakil, Anju Bhasin, C. Lara, V. Militsija, N. Heine, A. V. Ryazantsev, S. Amar-Youcef, A. K. Dutt-Mazumdar, A. Grzeszczuk, A. Laszlo, V. Singh, K. Heidel, Tatiana Karavicheva, I. Kadenko, J. Adamczewski, A. Kluev, J. Kecskemeti, N. Herrmann, E. Atkin, V. Dyatchenko, Krzysztof Piasecki, F. Lemke, N. Bondar, T. Matulewicz, G. Vesztergombi, J. Gajda, Yu. Tsyupa, Vladimir Peshekhonov, O. V. Fateev, Evgeny Karpechev, Qian Yue, Michael Deveaux, A. Lymanets, A. Himmi, G. Sharkov, T. Armbruster, O. Rogachevsky, O. Denisova, S. Raniwala, J. Hutsch, B. Kolb, M. Kirejczyk, Y. Berdnikov, Jin Li, Peter Senger, B. Debnath, H. Kalita, D. Das, Chuncheng Xu, V. Pospíšil, W. F.J. Müller, O. Malyatina, D. Røhrich, T. Dutta, V. Ammosov, L.G. Kudin, R. Čaplar, N. Korotkova, I. Yushmanov, M.S. Prokudin, A. Kiseleva, P. Polozov, V.M. Golovatyuk, P. Stolpovsky, I. Kudryashov, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, A. Mangiarotti, Alexey Kurepin, D. Storozhyk, D.M. Seliverstov, Mikhail Zhalov, B. Kämpfer, S. Baginyan, S. Müller-Klieser, C. Bergmann, R. N. Singaraju, V. Singhal, V.N. Zrjuev, M.B. Golubeva, Yu. Onishchuk, K. Antipin, I. Das, A. Kugler, H. Deppe, I. Lazanu, W. Zipper, M. Andelić, Gennady Ososkov, V. Zaets, S. Lashaev, Y. K. Sun, H. Essel, N. D'Ascenzo, N. Baranova, D. Golubkov, J. Brzychczyk, M. Ciobanu, P. Staszel, Kwang Souk Sim, V.M. Lucenko, Wenxue Gao, Sanatan Chattopadhyay, F. Uhlig, P. Gryboś, Tae Im Kang, K. I. Davkov, R. Ferreira Marques, E. Stephan, V. Jakovlev, M. Bogolyubsky, S. S. Sambyal, P. Maj, M. Korolev, C. Dritsa, A. Artamonov, A. Bubak, V. Kleipa, P. Ghosh, P. V.K.S. Baba, M. Irfan, A. I. Zinchenko, M. D. Azmi, Valery Pugatch, V. Covlea, V. Baublis, M. Calin, A. Kiss, T. Tolyhi, Y. Murin, J. Heuser, S. Igolkin, A. A. Voronin, P. Koczon, M. Alyushin, Jun Gyu Yi, D. Adamova, I. Fröhlich, Vladimir Plujko, Y. Zaitsev, I. Peshenichnov, I. Lobanov, V. Saveliev, Kai Schweda, I. Kisel, P. Trivedy, V. Samsonov, Yuanjing Li, Y. Sorokin, M. Nüssle, Md. F. Mir, Volker Lindenstruth, B. Bhattacharjee, E. Futo, Pradip Kumar Sahu, A. Akindinov, E. Matyushevskiy, C. Wendisch, R. Holzmann, S. Lebedev, Hongfang Chen, Victor Ivanov, G. Caragheorgheopol, A. Jinaru, E. Plekhanov, S. Gorbunov, E. Litvinenko, Y. P. Viyogi, F. Rami, M. Al-Turany, M. M. Khan, Igor Gašparić, V. Shevchenko, A. Vorobiev, V. Friese, H. Appelshäuser, Cristian Andrei, Ch. Klein-Bösing, A. Scurtu, Junghan Kim, A. Dorokhov, S. A. Sadovsky, S. Linev, A. Wurz, S. Velica, C. Schrader, S. P. Chernenko, Manjit Kaur, Z. Fodor, S. A. Gorokhov, Alexander Malakhov, D. Cozma, M. Strikhanov, V. Petráček, and Madan M. Aggarwal

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Irfan, baryonic matter, strangeness, QCD, Theology
Abstract

N. Abel 21, J. Adamczewski 12, D. Adamova 45, M.M. Aggarwal 10, N. Ahmad 2, Z. Ahmad 30, A. Akindinov 36, P. Akishin 16, E. Akishina 16, T. Akishina 16, M. Al-Turany 12, M. Alyushin 39, S. Amar-Youcef 17, V. Ammosov 43, M. Andelic 47, C. Andrei 6, A. Andronic 12, Yu. Anisimov 14, K. Antipin 17, H. Appelshauser 17, A. Arefiev 36, T. Armbruster 23, A. Artamonov 43, E. Atkin 39, M.D. Azmi 2, P.V.K.S. Baba 25, E. Badura 12, S. Baginyan 16, S. Bandyopadhyay 29, N. Baranova 37, G. Bashindzhagyan 37, Z. Basrak 55, V. Baublis 18, S. Belogurov 36, I. Berceanu 6, E. Berdermann 12, A. Berdnikov 50, Y. Berdnikov 50, R. Berendes 40, C. Bergmann 40, D. Bertini 12, C. Besliu 7, O. Bezshyyko 33, P. Bhaduri 30, A. Bhasin 25, A.K. Bhati 10, B. Bhattacharjee 19, A. Bhattacharya 29, Y. Bocharov 39, M. Bogolyubsky 43, L. Boldizsar 9, N. Bondar 18, M. Borysova 34, S. Bottger 21, P. Braun-Munzinger 12, U. Bruning 23, J. Brzychczyk 32, A. Bubak 26, R. Caplar 55, Xu Cai 54, M. Calin 7, G. Caragheorgheopol 6, I. Carevic 47, V. Catanescu 6, A. Chakraborti 29, S. Chatterji 12, Subhasis Chattopadhyay 30, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay 28, Sanatan Chattopadhyay 29, A. Chaus 34, Hongfang Chen 20, Jianping Cheng 3, V. Chepurnov 14, S. Chernenko 14, A. Chernogorov 36, M. Chubarov 49, M. Ciobanu 12, G. Claus 51, V. Covlea 7, D. Cozma 6, M. Csanad 8, N. D’Ascenzo 41, D. Das 28, I. Das 28, V. Davkov 15, K. Davkov 15, M. De22, R. De51, B. Debnath 19, E. Denes 9, Zhi Deng 3, O. Denisova 16, H. Deppe 12, I. Deppner 22, A. Dermenev 35, M. Deveaux 17, M. Dey 30, A. Dorokhov 51, C. Dritsa (IPHC Strasbourg), 12, A. Dubey 30, W. Dulinski 51, A.K. Dutt-Mazumdar 28, T. Dutta 12, D. Dutta 12, M.R. DuttaMajumdar 30, V. Dyatchenko 43, M. Dželalija 47, H. Engel 21, T. Esanu 7, J. Eschke 12, H. Essel 12, O. Fateev 14, R. Ferreira Marques 11, P. Fischer 23, H. Flemming 12, Z. Fodor 9, P. Fonte 11, I. Frohlich 17, H. Froning 23, V. Friese 12, E. Futo 9, I. Gasparic 55, J. Gajda 31, T. Galatyuk 12, V. Galkin 41, A. Galkin 41, G. Gangopadhyay 29, Wenxue Gao 23, C. Garabatos 12, P. Gasik 53, J. Gebelein 21, P. Ghosh 30, Yu. Gilitsky 43, V. Golovatyuk 14, S. Golovnya 43, V. Golovtsov 18, M. Golubeva 35, D. Golubkov 36, A. Golutvin 36, D. Gonzalez-Diaz 12, S. Gorbunov 21, S. Gorokhov 43, D. Gottschalk 21, Ju. Gousakov 15, E. Grosse 13, P. Gryboś 31, A. Grzeszczuk 26, F. Guber 35, A. Gumenuik 39, A. Gupta 25, M. Hartig 17, K. Heidel 13, N. Heine 40, A. Herghelegiu 6, N. Herrmann 22, J. Heuser 12, A. Himmi 51, C. Hohne 12, R. Holzmann 12, Byungsik Hong 46, J. Hutsch 13, A. Ierusalimov 14, S. Igolkin 49, I. Ilyushenko 39, Tae Im Kang 46, M. Irfan 2, Valery Ivanov 16, V. Ivanov 18, Victor Ivanov 16, A. Ivashkin 35, K. Jaaskelainen 51, V. Jakovlev 49, A. Jinaru 7, A. Jipa 7, M. Kachel 31, I. Kadenko 33, H. Kalita 19, B. Kampfer 13, V. Karasev 49, O. Karavichev 35, T. Karavicheva 35, D. Karmanov 37, E. Karpechev 35, E.M. Kashif 2, K. Kasinski 31, Manjit Kaur 10, A. Kazantsev 38, U. Kebschull 21, J. Kecskemeti 9, G. Kekelidze 15, M.M. Khan 2, S.A. Khan 48, A. Khanzadeev 18, Yu. Kharlov 43, F. Khasanov 36, M. Kis 55, Junghan Kim 44, M. Kirejczyk 53, I. Kisel 12, S. Kiselev 36, A. Kiseleva 12, T. Kiss 9, A. Kiss 8, Ch. Klein-Bosing 40, M. Klein-Bosing 40, V. Kleipa 12, A. Kluev 39, K. Koch 12, P. Koczon 12, B. Kolb 12, B. Komkov 18, D. Konstantinov 43, P. Korobchuk 43, M. Korolev 37, I. Korolko 36, N. Korotkova 37, R. Kotte 13, A. Kotynia 12, A. Kovalchuk 34, S. Kowalski 26, M. Koziel 51, M. Krauze 26, C. Kreidel 23, D. Kresan 12, E. Kryshen 18, L. Kudin 18, I. Kudryashov 36, A. Kugel 23, A. Kugler 45, A. Kurepin 35, S. Lochner 12, V. Ladygin 14, C. Lara 21, S. Lashaev 49, A. Laszlo 9, I. Lazanu 7, A. Lebedev (JINR-LIT Dubna) 12, S. Lebedev (JINR-LIT Dubna) 12, Hayoung Lee 44, F. Lemke 23, Cheng Li 20, Yuanjing Li 3, Yulan Li 3, Jin Li 3, V. Lindenstruth 21, S. Linev 12, E. Litvinenko 16, I. Lobanov 43, E. Lobanova 43, P. Loizeau 22, Nuclear Physics A 830 (2009) 942c–944c

Published
2009

19. The CBM-RICH detector

Author

C. Deveaux, Vladimir Samsonov, E. Ovcharenko, N. Miftakhov, K. Oh, S. Belogurov, J Adamczewski, Yong-Un Nam, J. Pouryamout, E. Vznuzdaev, T. Torres de Heidenreich, I. K. Yoo, E. Leonova, L. Kochenda, C. Höhne, W. Niebur, S. Querchfeld, Jihye Song, S. Lebedev, J. Eom, T. Mahmoud, S Linev, Y Riabov, V. Dobyrn, M. Traxler, J. Kopfer, K.-H. Becker, E. Lebedeva, O. Tarasenkova, J. Eschke, C. Pauly, A. Chernogorov, B. W. Kolb, C. Ugur, M. Vznuzdaev, P. Kravtsov, J. Rautenberg, V Kleipa, J. Michel, Michael Dürr, N. Boldyreva, S. Reinecke, E. Roshchin, Juyeon Yi, and Karl-Heinz Kampert

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, Particle physics, Photon, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cherenkov detector, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Detector, Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Ring-imaging Cherenkov detector, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The main task of the future Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment (CBM), to be operated at the FAIR facility at GSI, Darmstadt, is the exploration of the properties of super-dense nuclear matter. The search for in-medium modifications of hadrons, the study of the transition from dense hadronic matter to quark-gluon matter, and the possible location of a critical endpoint in the QCD phase diagram of strongly interacting matter are the most important physics goals of CBM. Detailed measurements of di-leptons stemming from low-mass vector-mesons and charmonium have a large potential to shed light on the existence of such effects. The Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector of the CBM experiment aims at a clean and efficient electron identification. It is foreseen to use CO2 as radiator gas and equip the detector with a focussing mirror system and multi-anode photomultiplier tubes as photon detector. In this paper we present selected results of R&D studies and beam test measurements of the detector prototype performed in fall 2011 and 2012 at the CERN/PS with a mixed electron-pion beam.

Published
2014

20. Corrigendum to 'The PANDA GEM-based TPC prototype' [Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 628 (1) (2011) 204–208]

Author

Paul Alois Buhler, Ch. Höppner, Kunio Suzuki, H. Angerer, S. Doerheim, D. Kaiser, S. Neubert, J. Voss, Laura Fabbietti, Johann Marton, D. Sovk, Friedemann Zenke, J. Kunkel, I. Konorov, A. Winnebeckd, Christian Schmidt, B. Ketzer, X. Zhang, J. Zmeskal, Michael Cargnelli, Soumen Paul, J. Hehner, M. Vandenbroucke, S. Schwab, N. Herrmann, J. Weinert, R. Arora, M. Berger, Matthew Lang, R. Beck, Y. Leifels, U. Thoma, Bernd Voss, R. Lalik, K. Mladen, F.V. Böhmer, D. Walther, R. Schmitz, and V. Kleipa

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Instrumentation
Published
2014

21. Development of a GEM based detector for the CBM Muon Chamber (MUCH)

Author

J. Hehner, V. Kleipa, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, C. Garabatos, T. Morhardt, U. Frankenfeld, Saikat Biswas, J. Wiechula, A. Abuhoza, D.J. Schmidt, and C.J. Schmidt

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, MicroMegas detector, Cosmic ray, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Generator (circuit theory), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, Measuring instrument, Gas electron multiplier, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Voltage
Abstract

The characteristics of triple GEM detectors have been studied systematically by using cosmic ray muons. The minimum ionizing particle (MIP) spectra has been taken for different GEM voltage setting. Efficiency of GEM detector has been measured for cosmic ray. At high rate operation of GEMs the value of the protection resistor influences the gain and the stability. This feature has been investigated varying both the rate and the value of the protection resistor. This measurement has been performed using both X-ray generator and Fe55 source. The ageing and long-term stability of GEM based detectors has been studied employing both X-ray generator and Fe55 source. The ageing study of one GEM module is performed by using a 8 keV Cu X-ray generator to verify the stability and integrity of the GEM detectors over a longer period of time. The accumulated charge on the detector is calculated from the rate of the X-ray and the average gain of the detector. The details of the measurement and results has been described in this article., 19 Figures, 17 Pages

Published
2013

22. Super-FRS GEM-TPC Prototype Development Based on n-Xyter Asic for the FAIR Facility

Author

N. Kurz, A. Prochazka, S. Minami, M. Pikna, I. Rusanov, Francisco Garcia, V. Kleipa, Eija Tuominen, J. Hoffmann, Bernd Voss, R. Janik, J. Kunkel, R. Turpeinen, B. Sitar, R. Lauhakangas, and Peter Strmen

Subjects
Radioactive ion beams, Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear engineering, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Particle identification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Application-specific integrated circuit, Test beam, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Electronics, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The FAIR facility is an international accelerator centre for research with ion and antiproton beams. It is being built at Darmstadt, Germany as an extension to the current GSI research institute. One major part of the facility will be the Super-FRS separator, which will be include in phase one of the project construction. The NUSTAR experiments will benefit from the Super-FRS, which will deliver an unprecedented range of radioactive ion beams (RIB). These experiments will use beams of different energies and characteristics in three different branches; the high-energy which utilizes the RIB at relativistic energies 300-1500 MeV /u as created in the production process, the low energy branch aims to use beams in the range of 0-150 MeV/u whereas the ring branch will cool and store beams in the NESR ring. The main tasks for the Super-FRS beam diagnostics chambers will be for the set up and adjustment of the separator as well as to provide tracking and event-by-event particle identification. The Helsinki Institute of Physics, the Comenius University, and the Detector Laboratory and Experimental electronics at GSI are in a joint R&D phase of a GEM-TPC detector which could satisfy the requirements of such diagnostics and tracking chambers in terms of tracking efficiency, space resolution, count rate capability and momenta resolution. The current status of the first prototype and the preliminary results from the test beam campaign S417 using the n-Xyter chips mounted on GEMEX cards will be shown.

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