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2. Species composition of pathogens of nosocomial infections at the Intensive care unit (for surgical patients) of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «The Main Military Clinical Hospital»

Author

V. Khil, L. Polishchuk, and V. Ganiuk

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, Treatment process, Antibiotics, Intensive care unit, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, law, Rate of development, Antibiotic therapy, Medicine, In patient, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Intensive care medicine, Surgical patients
Abstract

SummaryThe purpose of the work is to identify the causative agents of nosocomial bacterialinfections for the rational appointment of antibiotic therapy and monitoring of thecurrent situation with the microflora in patients at the Intensive care unit (for surgicalpatients). To study the microbiological passport of the Intensive care unit (for surgicalpatients) of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «Main Military ClinicalHospital» for further use of the results in rational antibiotic therapy and slowing thedevelopment of antibiotic resistance.Material and methods. We analyzed the results of microbiological research of 631samples of clinical material from patients who were treated in the Intensive care unit(for surgical patients) during 2018.Conclusions. The study results indicate the presence of features of microbiallandscape pathogens of nosocomial infections at the Intensive care unit (for surgicalpatients). These include mainly Ps.aeruginosa, Kl.pneumonia, E.coli. It is necessary toconduct microbiological monitoring of the landscape of pathogens of nosocomialinfections and their sensitivity to antibiotics in order to implement actions aimed toincrease the efficiency of the treatment process and reduce the rate of development ofantibiotic resistance.

Published
2020

3. The species composition of microflora of health care associated infections in the intensive care unit

Author

L. Polishchuk, V. Ganiuk, V.M. Kondratiuk, V. Khil, and A. Francishco

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General Medicine, Urine, Intensive care unit, Health care associated, law.invention, Anatomical sites, Quality control system, law, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Sputum, Infection control, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Annotation. The aim of the study was to identify the predominant microorganisms that caused health care associated infections in the intensive care unit (for surgical patients) National Military Medical Center “Main Military Clinical Hospital” in 2018. Identification of microorganisms was carried out in the laboratory department (microbiological), clinic of laboratory diagnostics the same hospital, which has national accreditation for work with microorganisms of the III – IV class of pathogenicity. The results of 631 bacteriological examinations were analyzed, namely 240 samples of blood from 88 patients, 269 urine samples from 77 patients, 97 samples of endotracheal content/sputum, obtained from 16 patients and another 25 samples from other anatomical sites (the bile ductus drains, pleural fluids) from 8 patients. Statistical processing was performed using Microsoft Excel 2016. The significance of the difference was checked by the method of χ2. The number of samples without growth was 206 (33 %). There were founded that the leading microorganism was K. pneumoniae 105 (25 %) isolates, followed by P. aeruginosa with 80 isolates (19 %), P. mirabilis 19 (4 %), E. coli 18 (4 %). The fraction of gram-positive bacteria was 31 % (118 isolates). There is a prominent difference among predominant microorganisms that caused health care associated infections corresponding to the anatomic site infection (p˂0.05). In blood cultures the K. pneumoniae (26 %) were leading microorganism, while P. aeruginosa (24 %) was found predominant in the respiratory tract, and Enterococcus spp (23 %) were the main isolates from the urine. Any isolates of A. baumannii were cultured. Formalizing the process of bacteriological observation, careful selection of patients for research and collection of epidemiological information featuring health care associated infections in the intensive care unit will systematize the process of infection control and allow to apply a quality control system.

Published
2020

4. Markov Structure of the Sequence of Local Maxima and the Gaps between Them

Author

E. V. Khil

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Exchangeable random variables, Maxima and minima, Combinatorics, Markov chain, Joint probability distribution, Variable-order Markov model, Additive Markov chain, Statistical physics, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Hidden Markov model, Random variable, Mathematics
Abstract

Distributions of gaps between neighboring local maxima in sequences of i.i.d. random variables are studied. The sequence of these gaps is shown to be a hidden Markov chain. Explicit formulas for the joint distributions of neighboring gaps are obtained.

Published
2014

5. Epidemiology and outcome research in CKD 5D

Author

L. Coentrao, C. Ribeiro, C. Santos-Araujo, R. Neto, M. Pestana, W. Kleophas, A. Karaboyas, Y. LI, J. Bommer, R. Pisoni, B. Robinson, F. Port, G. Celik, B. Burcak Annagur, M. Yilmaz, T. Demir, F. Kara, K. Trigka, P. Dousdampanis, N. Vaitsis, S. Aggelakou-Vaitsi, K. Turkmen, I. Guney, F. Turgut, L. Altintepe, H. Z. Tonbul, E. Abdel-Rahman, P. Sclauzero, G. Galli, G. Barbati, M. Carraro, G. O. Panzetta, M. Van Diepen, M. Schroijen, O. Dekkers, F. Dekker, A. Sikole, G. Severova- Andreevska, L. Trajceska, S. Gelev, V. Amitov, S. Pavleska- Kuzmanovska, H. Rayner, R. Vanholder, M. Hecking, B. Jung, M. Leung, F. Huynh, T. Chung, S. Marchuk, M. Kiaii, L. Er, R. Werb, C. Chan-Yan, M. Beaulieu, P. Malindretos, P. Makri, G. Zagkotsis, G. Koutroumbas, G. Loukas, E. Nikolaou, M. Pavlou, E. Gourgoulianni, M. Paparizou, M. Markou, E. Syrgani, C. Syrganis, J. Raimann, L. A. Usvyat, V. Bhalani, N. W. Levin, P. Kotanko, X. Huang, P. Stenvinkel, A. R. Qureshi, U. Riserus, T. Cederholm, P. Barany, O. Heimburger, B. Lindholm, J. J. Carrero, J. H. Chang, J. Y. Sung, J. Y. Jung, H. H. Lee, W. Chung, S. Kim, J. S. Han, K. Y. Na, A. Fragoso, A. Pinho, A. Malho, A. P. Silva, E. Morgado, P. Leao Neves, N. Joki, Y. Tanaka, M. Iwasaki, S. Kubo, T. Hayashi, Y. Takahashi, K. Hirahata, Y. Imamura, H. Hase, C. Castledine, J. Gilg, C. Rogers, Y. Ben-Shlomo, F. Caskey, J. S. Sandhu, G. S. Bajwa, S. Kansal, J. Sandhu, A. Jayanti, M. Nikam, L. Ebah, A. Summers, S. Mitra, J. Agar, A. Perkins, R. Simmonds, A. Tjipto, S. Amet, V. Launay-Vacher, M. Laville, A. Tricotel, C. Frances, B. Stengel, J.-Y. Gauvrit, N. Grenier, G. Reinhardt, O. Clement, N. Janus, L. Rouillon, G. Choukroun, G. Deray, A. Bernasconi, R. Waisman, A. P. Montoya, A. A. Liste, R. Hermes, G. Muguerza, R. Heguilen, E. L. Iliescu, V. Martina, M. A. Rizzo, P. Magenta, L. Lubatti, G. Rombola, M. Gallieni, C. Loirat, H. Mellerio, M. Labeguerie, B. Andriss, E. Savoye, M. Lassale, C. Jacquelinet, C. Alberti, Y. Aggarwal, J. Baharani, S. Tabrizian, S. Ossareh, M. Zebarjadi, P. Azevedo, F. Travassos, I. Frade, M. Almeida, J. Queiros, F. Silva, A. Cabrita, R. Rodrigues, C. Couchoud, J. Kitty, S. Benedicte, C. Fergus, C. Cecile, B. Sahar, V. Emmanuel, J. Christian, E. Rene, H. Barahimi, M. Mahdavi-Mazdeh, M. Nafar, M. Petruzzi, M. De Benedittis, M. Sciancalepore, L. Gargano, P. Natale, M. C. Vecchio, V. Saglimbene, F. Pellegrini, G. Gentile, P. Stroumza, L. Frantzen, M. Leal, M. Torok, A. Bednarek, J. Dulawa, E. Celia, R. Gelfman, J. Hegbrant, C. Wollheim, S. Palmer, D. W. Johnson, P. J. Ford, J. C. Craig, G. F. Strippoli, M. Ruospo, B. El Hayek, B. Hayek, E. Baamonde, E. Bosch, J. I. Ramirez, G. Perez, A. Ramirez, A. Toledo, M. M. Lago, C. Garcia-Canton, M. D. Checa, B. Canaud, B. Lantz, A. Granger-Vallee, P. Lertdumrongluk, N. Molinari, J. Ethier, M. Jadoul, B. Gillespie, C. Bond, S. Wang, T. Alfieri, P. Braunhofer, B. Newsome, M. Wang, B. Bieber, M. Guidinger, L. Zuo, X. Yu, X. Yang, J. Qian, N. Chen, J. Albert, Y. Yan, S. Ramirez, M. Beresan, A. Lapidus, M. Canteli, A. Tong, B. Manns, J. Craig, G. Strippoli, M. Mortazavi, B. Vahdatpour, S. Shahidi, A. Ghasempour, D. Taheri, S. Dolatkhah, A. Emami Naieni, M. Ghassami, M. Khan, K. Abdulnabi, P. Pai, M. Vecchio, M. A. Muqueet, M. J. Hasan, M. A. Kashem, P. K. Dutta, F. X. Liu, L. Noe, T. Quock, N. Neil, G. Inglese, M. Motamed Najjar, B. Bahmani, A. Shafiabadi, J. Helve, M. Haapio, P.-H. Groop, C. Gronhagen-Riska, P. Finne, R. Sund, M. Cai, S. Baweja, A. Clements, A. Kent, R. Reilly, N. Taylor, S. Holt, L. Mcmahon, M. Carter, F. M. Van der Sande, J. Kooman, R. Malhotra, G. Ouellet, E. L. Penne, S. Thijssen, M. Etter, A. Tashman, A. Guinsburg, A. Grassmann, C. Barth, C. Marelli, D. Marcelli, G. Von Gersdorff, I. Bayh, L. Scatizzi, M. Lam, M. Schaller, T. Toffelmire, Y. Wang, P. Sheppard, L. Neri, V. A. Andreucci, L. A. Rocca-Rey, S. V. Bertoli, D. Brancaccio, G. De Berardis, G. Lucisano, D. Johnson, A. Nicolucci, C. Bonifati, S. D. Navaneethan, V. Montinaro, M. Zsom, A. Bednarek-Skublewska, G. Graziano, J. N. Ferrari, A. Santoro, A. Zucchelli, G. Triolo, S. Maffei, S. De Cosmo, V. M. Manfreda, L. Juillard, A. Rousset, F. Butel, S. Girardot-Seguin, T. Hannedouche, M. Isnard, Y. Berland, P. Vanhille, J.-P. Ortiz, G. Janin, P. Nicoud, M. Touam, E. Bruce, B. Grace, P. Clayton, A. Cass, S. Mcdonald, Y. Furumatsu, T. Kitamura, N. Fujii, S. Ogata, H. Nakamoto, K. Iseki, Y. Tsubakihara, C.-C. Chien, J.-J. Wang, J.-C. Hwang, H.-Y. Wang, W.-C. Kan, N. Kuster, L. Patrier, A.-S. Bargnoux, M. Morena, A.-M. Dupuy, S. Badiou, J.-P. Cristol, J.-M. Desmet, V. Fernandes, F. Collart, N. Spinogatti, J.-M. Pochet, M. Dratwa, E. Goffin, J. Nortier, D. S. Zilisteanu, M. Voiculescu, E. Rusu, C. Achim, R. Bobeica, S. Balanica, T. Atasie, S. Florence, S. Anne-Marie, L. Michel, C. Cyrille, A. Strakosha, N. Pasko, S. Kodra, N. Thereska, A. Lowney, E. Lowney, R. Grant, M. Murphy, L. Casserly, T. O' Brien, W. D. Plant, J. Radic, D. Ljutic, V. Kovacic, M. Radic, K. Dodig-Curkovic, M. Sain, I. Jelicic, T. Hamano, C. Nakano, S. Yonemoto, A. Okuno, M. Katayama, Y. Isaka, M. Nordio, A. Limido, M. Postorino, M. Nichelatti, M. Khil, I. Dudar, V. Khil, I. Shifris, M. Momtaz, A. R. Soliman, M. I. El Lawindi, P. Dzekova-Vidimliski, S. Pavleska-Kuzmanovska, I. Nikolov, G. Selim, T. Shoji, R. Kakiya, N. Tatsumi-Shimomura, Y. Tsujimoto, T. Tabata, H. Shima, K. Mori, S. Fukumoto, H. Tahara, H. Koyama, M. Emoto, E. Ishimura, Y. Nishizawa, and M. Inaba

Subjects
Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, Nephrology, business.industry, Epidemiology, Medicine, business, Intensive care medicine, Outcome (game theory)
Published
2012

6. Gaps between Local Maxima in Sequences of Random Variables

Author

E. V. Khil, N. A. Kharitonova, and A. M. Zubkov

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Maxima and minima, Distribution (mathematics), Convergence of random variables, Multivariate random variable, Mathematical analysis, Sum of normally distributed random variables, Asymptotic distribution, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Random variable, Random sequence, Mathematics
Abstract

Explicit formulas for the distributions of gaps between successive local maxima in stationary sequences of random variables (independent or dependent ones) are given. Multidimensional asymptotic normality of frequencies of gaps of different lengths is proved. The dependence of distribution of gaps on the structure of random sequence is shown.

Published
2012

8. The current state and 125 kyr history of permafrost on the Kara Sea shelf: modeling constraints

Author

A. Gavrilov, V. Pavlov, A. Fridenberg, M. Boldyrev, V. Khilimonyuk, E. Pizhankova, S. Buldovich, N. Kosevich, A. Alyautdinov, M. Ogienko, A. Roslyakov, M. Cherbunina, and E. Ospennikov

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The evolution of permafrost on the Kara shelf is reconstructed for the past 125 kyr. The work includes zoning of the shelf according to geological history; compiling sea level and ground temperature scenarios within the distinguished zones; and modeling to evaluate the thickness of permafrost and the distribution of frozen, cooled and thawed deposits. Special attention is given to the scenarios of the evolution of ground temperature in key stages of history that determined the current state of the Kara shelf permafrost zone: characterization of the extensiveness and duration of the existence of the sea during stage 3 of the marine oxygen isotope stratigraphy (MIS-3), the spread of glaciation and dammed basins in MIS-2. The present shelf is divided into areas of continuous, discontinuous-to-sporadic and sporadic permafrost. Cooled deposits occur at the western and northwestern water zones and correspond to areas of MIS-2 glaciation. Permafrost occurs in the periglacial domain that is within a zone of modern sea depth from 0 to 100 m, adjacent to the continent. The distribution of permafrost is mostly sporadic in the southwest of this zone, while it is mostly continuous in the northeast. The thickness of permafrost does not exceed 100 m in the southeast and ranges from 100 to 300 m in the northeast. Thawed deposits are confined to the estuaries of large rivers and the deepwater part of the St. Anna trench. The modeling results are correlated to the available field data and are presented as a geocryological map. The formation of frozen, cooled and thawed deposits of the region is inferred to depend on the spread of ice sheets, sea level, and duration of shelf freezing and thawing periods.

Published
2020
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9. Geological structure and perspectives for mineralization of the Kichany structure, Tiksheozersky greenstone belt (Northern Karelia)

Author

A. Kalinin Arkady, Yu. Astaf’ev Boris, A. Voinova Ol′ga, B. Bayanova Tamara, and V. Khiller Vera

Subjects
тикшеозерский зеленокаменный пояс, кичанская структура, амфиболиты, скарноиды, молибден, золото, tiksheozersky greenstone belt, kichany structure, amphibolite, skarnoid, molybdenum, gold, Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction, TA703-712
Abstract

Mineral deposits in the Neoarchean greenstone belts in the Fennoscandian Shield, especially in its eastern (Russian) part, are not as numerous as in Archean belts of Canada, Australia, or Southern Africa. The goal of the present paper is to show with an example of Tiksheozersky belt, that Neoarchean greenstone belts in Northern Karelia and Kola Peninsula do contain ore occurrences, typical to greenstone belts in the world, therefore prospects of these geological structures for mineral deposits are not uncovered fully. Ore occurrences of jaspilite, massive sulfide pirrhotite ore, molybdenite with uranium and graphite, arsenopyrite, and gold were found in the Kichany structure of the Tiksheozersky belt. Jaspilites and massive sulfide ores were considered as syngenetic to volcanic-sedimentary host rocks. Occurrences of molybdenite, arsenopyrite, and gold are epigenetic, controlled by zones of alteration. Zonality in ore-bearing altered rocks, peculiar properties of their chemical and mineral composition, as well as composition of rock-forming and ore minerals, were studied in detail. Age of processes of alteration was estimated with different geochronological methods. Dating of zircon grains from the molybdenite occurrence with LA-ICP-MS method showed two events 2600-2700 Ma (formation of host rocks) and 2100-1900 Ma (regional metamorphism) in their formation. Estimation of age of quartz-garnet-tourmaline metasomatite from arsenopyrite occurrence with composition of monazite gave 1789 ± 47 Ma, it corresponds to post-metamorphic event, probably connected with intrusions of tourmaline granites. Gold mineralization in quartz metasomatite and skarnoid has near the same age: titanite, which contains inclusions of gold, formed 1739 ± 15 Ma ago. Hence, occurrences of gold, arsenopyrite, and molybdenite formed in Neoarchean rocks during Palaeproterozoic (Svecofennian) metamorphic-metasomatic events. Gold mineralization is the most promising in the belt. Position of gold occurrences is controlled by thrust zones, gold concentrates in altered amphibolite with arsenopyrite-pirrhotite mineralization.

Published
2017
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10. Mantis shrimp identify an object by its shape rather than its color during visual recognition.

Author

Patel RN, Khil V, Abdurahmonova L, Driscoll H, Patel S, Pettyjohn-Robin O, Shah A, Goldwasser T, Sparklin B, and Cronin TW

Subjects
Animals, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Crustacea, Mantodea
Abstract

Mantis shrimp commonly inhabit seafloor environments with an abundance of visual features including conspecifics, predators, prey and landmarks used for navigation. Although these animals are capable of discriminating color and polarization, it is unknown what specific attributes of a visual object are important during recognition. Here, we show that mantis shrimp of the species Neogonodactylus oerstedii are able to learn the shape of a trained target. Further, when the shape and color of a target that they had been trained to identify were placed in conflict, N. oerstedii tended to choose the target of the trained shape over the target of the trained color. Thus, we conclude that the shape of the target was more salient than its color during recognition by N. oerstedii, suggesting that the shapes of objects, such as landmarks or other animals, are important for their identification by the species., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests., (© 2021. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)

Published
2021
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