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We studied the time series of the total number of weakest earthquakes (microearthquakes) with magnitudes M ≤ 2 recorded by 15 seismic stations of the Garm test area in 1975–1985, as well as the microseismic noise level at different frequencies of about 0.005–50 Hz recorded by the Garm station of the IRIS observation network for the periods 2006–2009 and 2013–2019. The main goal of the research was to find a correspondence and, if possible, cause-and-effect relationships between the quasiperiodic components present in both types of time series. Seismic events recorded by less than four stations and not included in the main earthquake catalog due to the impossibility of reliable determination of their hypocentral parameters were used as microearthquakes. At each station, only the number of such events per day was recorded. To identify stable periodicities, all series were studied using spectral and periodogram analysis methods, adapted to work with nonstationary signals. The initial data series were analyzed, as well as their regularized variants (logarithms and ranks of the number of events). Regularization made it possible to reduce the contribution of nonstationary effects (random bursts of activity, increase in the number of microearthquakes during periods of aftershock series, etc.) and ensured robustness of the results. The analysis revealed that of all possible rhythms common for the two types of time series, only the seasonal one is significant. The seasonal rhythm of microseismic noise at different frequency channels differs in phase and amplitude. High-frequency noise (channels of the IRIS system with a center frequency from 1 to 47 Hz), falling in the frequency range of the measuring and recording channels of the seismic stations of the Garm test area, is in antiphase with the seasonal variation in the number of recorded microearthquakes at all stations, with some specificity for individual stations. The antiphase change in the number of recorded microearthquakes and the level of microseismic noise in the recording band of the seismic stations suggests that the reason for these changes is the noise discrimination of microearthquakes when they are identified on seismograms.

The static dielectric permittivities of higher 1-alkanols at temperatures above the boiling point are measured. The design of the device’s cell and the device itself are examined in detail. Results obtained by other authors are analyzed. Temperature dependences es(Т) of the static dielectric constants, of liquids with and without hydrogen (H-) bonds are compared at the vapor–liquid equilibrium line in the vicinity of the critical temperature. The requirements for selecting the geometry of the angle of O–H···O–H association in molecular dynamics (MD) models are analyzed to accurately describe the experimental static permittivities of 1-alkanols.

Approaches continue to be developed that relate static (es) and complex (e*) dielectric permittivity values to the structural features of compounds under study, particularly cluster parameters. For the first time, 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) is used as the object of study. Values of the static dielectric permittivity (es), high-frequency dielectric permittivity (e∞DH), cluster dipole moment (μс(D)), intra- and intercluster correlation parameters (nDH and mDH), relaxation times (τDHexp= 1/ωp, τDHmid, and τVFT), and apparent activation energy ( $$\Delta H_{{{\text{DHexp}}}}^{\# }$$ , $$\Delta H_{{{\text{DHth}}}}^{\# }$$ , $$\Delta H_{{{\text{VFT}}}}^{\# }$$ ) for 1,3-PD are presented along with ZHB = $$H_{{\exp }}^{\# }$$ (T)/23.84 (423 K) as the number of H-bonds broken due to dielectric relaxation.

Seismicity along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge has been statistically assessed, and the features of some distributions of the earthquake parameters in this region have been studied. The region extends submeridionally in a narrow zone, symmetrically with respect to the equator from 60° S to 60° N. The locational features of the seismic network are considered with respect to the epicenters of earthquakes recorded in this region. The annual period of the flux of seismic events has been identified. Statistical distributions of the spatiotemporal interval between pairs of events in the entire catalog were studied in two-dimensional space, and for each event, the distance and time from all earthquakes in the catalog that occurred both before and after this event were determined. Spatiotemporal two-dimensional spectral analysis of the catalog data was performed, which revealed evidence of standing waves, whereas traveling waves were not detected. The results of the two-dimensional spectral analysis are discussed from the viewpoint of a single deep mechanism governing seismogenesis in the studied region.

The correlation between relaxation parameters of the Cole–Davidson equation and molecular structure of liquids and processes of its realignment during thermal motion is estimated. Different ways of calculating and analyzing the dynamic properties of butanediols are considered. Dipole moments of clusters of butanediols are calculated for the first time using the Dissado–Hill cluster theory. It is shown that quantitative data on the average statistical dipole moments of clusters, correlation parameters of intracluster realignment, and the synchronous exchange of molecules between clusters can be obtained by analyzing dielectric spectra with the Dissado–Hill model. A way of calculating relaxation time depending on reciprocal temperature and using different equations is described in detail. Their correlation is shown.

Tumors reaching gigantic sizes usually belong to the group of benign neoplasms, they are found mainly in the genital area (Kedrova, etc.) and are quite rare in other areas of the body. These tumors grow slowly and in some cases, as a result of long-term growth, reach gigantic proportions. Among the huge connective tissue tumors are fibromas, lipomas, chondromas, epithelial - cystomas (Kedrova). An example of a giant chondroma that did not develop from the genital sphere is a tumor that we met at a section in 1931.

Technologies for the analysis of time series with gaps are considered. Some algorithms of signal extraction (purification) and evaluation of its characteristics, such as rhythmic components, are discussed for series with gaps. Examples are given for the analysis of data obtained during long-term observations at the Garm geophysical test site and in other regions. The technical solutions used in the WinABD software are considered to most efficiently arrange the operation of relevant algorithms in the presence of observational defects.

We compare algorithms designed to extract quasiperiodic components of a signal and estimate the amplitude, phase, stability, and other characteristics of a rhythm in a sliding window in the presence of data gaps. Each algorithm relies on its own rhythm model; therefore, it is necessary to use different algorithms depending on the research objectives. The described set of algorithms and methods is implemented in the WinABD software package, which includes a time-series database management system, a powerful research complex, and an interactive data-visualization environment.

The first part of this work discussed the software requirements for working with geophysical monitoring data. This paper considers the technology for studying similar signals realized in the WinABD program. In contrast to many statistical analysis programs, WinABD supports a complete cycle of operations necessary for working with experimental time series. The software includes a database management system, a powerful research apparatus, and an interactive data visualization environment. The program makes it possible to analyze the structure of series and reveal dependences and interrelations between signals. There are a large number of nonstandard tools and methods necessary for everyday work with nonideal data. A moving time window technology is widely used, which makes it possible to study the development of all processes with time and reveal variations related to any events. A special “window-slamming” technology at the boundaries of a series makes it possible to carry out processing with a decreasing length of the series, which allows arbitrary combination of the applied methods. All of the procedures admit the presence of gaps in observations. For all data operations, a calendar time scale is used, which substantially improves convenience of operation. Correct joint processing of series with unidentical onset dates and noncoinciding observation periodicity is provided.

A correlation between the lifetimes of hydrogen bonds and the thermodynamic characteristics of their formation and breaking, and the experimental relaxation times of dielectric spectra and the energy characteristics of relaxation processes, is observed via molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the rearranging of the network structure of 1,2-ethanediol. The MD torsional frequency of the transition of gauche conformer tGg′ at 224.1 cm−1 and the experimental frequency of the band maximum of torsional vibrations at 230 cm−1 in the infrared spectrum correlate with the oscillation frequency of molecules at 240 cm−1 inside clusters in the Dissado–Hill (DH) model. The MD and DH models indicate a predominantly parallel alignment of the electric dipole moments of conformers tGg′ in the three-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds of the liquid 1,2-ethanediol phase.

One of the central problems of machine learning is considered--the regression restoration problem. A qualitatively new regression decision tree (RDT) is proposed that is based on the concept of a full decision tree (FDT). Earlier, a similar construction of a decision tree (DT) was successfully tested on the problem of classification by precedents, whose statement is close to the problem considered. The results of testing the model of a full RDT (FRDT) on real data are presented.

Time series of geophysical monitoring data are very specific. They can contain complicated irregular variations and nonstationary effects of various kinds. Time-varying noise, numerous gaps in the data, trends, technical drawbacks, and other hardly predictable features are often present in these time series. These peculiarities demand special methods and procedures for acquisition and analysis of the data. The first part of the paper discusses the peculiarities of the software for such time series, and a brief review of the methods for solving the task is given. In the second part of the paper, the universal software package WinABD developed by the authors for multivariable analysis of geophysical time series will be described. The technologies realized in the software package and intended for analysis of similar signals will be considered.

The dielectric spectra of 1,3-butanediol in the temperature range of 298–423 K are analyzed using a variety of theoretical approaches. It is shown that the dielectric spectra of 1,3-butanediol are described by the Davidson–Cole equation. Conclusions as to possible mechanisms of dispersion are drawn using the Debye theory. The relaxation times of 1,3-butanediol, calculated in different ways, are compared. The dipole moments of clusters are calculated for the first time using the Dissado–Hill cluster model.

Using a variety theoretical approaches within the Debye, Davidson–Cole, and Forsman models, and an approach based on the Dissado–Hill theory, dielectric spectra of 2,3-butanediol in the temperature range of 298 to 423 K are analyzed. It is shown that the dielectric spectra of 2,3-butanediole are described by the Davidson–Cole equation, and the βDC parameter depends strongly on temperature. The spectrum of dielectric relaxation of 2,3-butanediol within the Debye theory is presented as the sum of two areas of dispersion, and conclusions are drawn regarding possible mechanisms of dispersion responsible for the obtained fields. The relaxation times of 2,3-butanediol, calculated using different equations describing the nonlinear behavior of relaxation times, are compared. The dipole moments of clusters are obtained for the first time using the Dissado–Hill cluster model, and a preliminary analysis of them is performed.

The dielectric spectra of 1,4-butanediol in the temperature range of 298–423 K are analyzed using the theoretical approaches of Debye, Davidson–Cole, and Forsman, based on the Dissado–Hill theory. It is shown that the dielectric spectra of 1,4-butanediol are described by the Davidson–Cole equation, and the βDC parameter has a pronounced strong temperature dependence. In the Debye theory, the spectrum of the dielectric relaxation of 1,4-butanediol is presented as the sum of two region of dispersions. Conclusions are reached as to the possible mechanisms of dispersion responsible for the obtained regions. The relaxation times of 1,4-butanediol calculated using different equations describing the nonlinear behavior of the relaxation time are compared. The dipole moments of clusters are obtained for the first time and a preliminary analysis is performed using the Dissado–Hill cluster model.

We present the description of Fakerat software developed for scheduling Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations on ground-space bases exceeding the size of the Earth. The results of scheduled observations using the Fakerat package, carried out during the first two years after launching the space radio telescope (SRT) in the space-ground interferometer mode, are reported in the paper.

The structures of eight symmetrically independent molecules of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) in six crystal substances are studied based on the data retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). Coordinates of the most part of hydrogen atoms in MPD molecules were not determined experimentally or not presented in CSD, however, O...O distances provide the conclusion about the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in four molecules. To perform quantum chemical calculations the absent hydrogen atoms were added. The choice of H atomic positions in hydroxyl groups are based on the analysis of possible formation of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds by MPD molecules in the respective crystals. The DFT method with the B3PW91 functional and the 6-31G(d,p) basis set is used to carry out for the first time: 1) the calculation of dipole moments and energies for MPD molecules in “crystal” conformations; 2) the optimization of the structure of these molecules with the calculation of dipole moments for the conformations corresponding to the local energy minima. It is found that among the molecules with the experimental geometric parameters one of the conformations without intramolecular hydrogen bonds is most favorable (μ = 0.56 D). As a result of the energy minimization of eight “crystal” conformations in vacuum, five energetically different conformers are obtained. Among them the conformer with the intramolecular hydrogen bond has the lowest energy (μ = 3.53 D). Four variants of the molecular structure correspond to it in the considered crystals, out of which two are R-enantiomers and two S-enantiomers.

We have studied the statistical and polarization properties of giant pulses (GPs) emitted by the millisecond pulsar B1937+21, with high sensitivity and time resolution. The observations were made in June 2005 with the 100-m Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope at S-band (2052-2116 MHz) using the Mk5A VLBI recording system, with formal time resolution of 16 ns. The total observing time was about 4.5 hours; the rate of detection of GPs was about 130 per hour at the average longitudes of the main pulse (MPGPs) and 60 per hour at the interpulse (IPGPs). While the average profile shows well-defined polarization behavior, with regular evolution of the linear polarization position angle (PA), GPs exhibit random properties, occasionally having high linear or circular polarization. Neither MPGPs nor IPGPs show a preferred PA. The cumulative probability distribution (CPD) of GP pulse energy was constructed down to the level where GPs merge with regular pulses and noise. For both MPGPs and IPGPs, the CPD follows a power law with a break, the power index changing from -2.4 at high energy to -1.6 for low energy. Pulse smearing due to scattering masks the intrinsic shape and duration of the detected GPs. The smearing time varied during the observing session within a range of a few hundred nanoseconds. The measured polarization and statistical properties of GPs impose strong constraints on physical models of GPs. Some of these properties support a model in which GPs are generated by the electric discharge caused by magnetic reconnection of field lines connecting the opposite magnetic poles of a neutron star., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted to MNRAS

Dielectric radiospectra (DRS) of 2,5-hexanediol and 1,2,6-hexanetriol at frequencies of 1 MHz, 9.375, 36.885, and 74.569 GHz in a temperature range of 303–423 K (above the glass transition temperatures) are studied. Experimental DRS are analyzed using the Dissado-Hill (DH) cluster model. The dependence of the equilibrium and relaxation characteristics of DRS on the number of OH groups is studied. The dipole moments of the clusters are calculated. The change in the orientation of the dipole moments of the molecules in the cluster during the rearranging of its structure is characterized through the unit vector of the longitudinal component of dipole moment M e of the cluster. The relation between a change in the Onsager-Kirkwood-Frohlich correlation factor and the behavior of M e is shown.

The changes in the partial molar thermodynamic characteristics of calcium and strontium in binary dilute alloys with gallium have been measured by the emf method in the temperature range 953–1073 K. The activity coefficients of Ca and Sr indicate a strong interparticle interaction between the alloy components, which increases in going from calcium to strontium.

The changes in the partial molar thermodynamic characteristics of strontium and barium in binary alloys with tin are determined by the emf method in the temperature range 973–1073 K. The changes in the partial molar enthalpies are found to agree satisfactorily with the data of calorimetric measurements. The activity coefficients of strontium and barium point to a strong interparticle interaction between the alloy components, which increases in going from strontium to barium.

The catalogue of earthquakes recorded in Iran during 2006–2010 by a dense network of digital telemetric seismic stations is analyzed. The spectrum of the time series of these earthquakes contains a sharp maximum at 24 h. The corresponding curve of diurnal periodicity constructed by the superposed epoch method has a clear double-peak maximum near noon(11 a.m.-5 p.m. local time), which exceeds the level of seismic activity observed during the rest time of the day by a factor of 3-3.5. In the same time interval, the average hourly magnitudes of seismic events sharply drop from M = 2.15 to M = 1.95. The ratio of the normalized number of earthquakes in the daytime to those at other times of the day, which was determined within a moving window half a square degree in size, has seven distinct compact spatially isolated maxima whose magnitudes attain several dozens to a hundred units. These maxima are probably caused by industrial activity, such as road building and quarry explosions. We also note the presence of the weekend effect when the daytime maximum in the weekly curve of diurnal variations in seismic activity almost completely disappears on Friday, which is the weekend in Muslim countries. At the same time, elimination of the supposed noise component from the catalogue by the approved technique changes nothing for the daytime maximum in the daily pattern of earthquakes in Iran. In order to account for this inconsistency, we suggest invoking additional information on the technogenic seismicity and considering weak earthquakes induced by quarry explosions and vibrations of industrial machines, in particular, power units of numerous hydroelectric power stations distributed over the territory of Iran.

In this paper the experimental data on dielectric permittivity of 1,3-, 1,4- and 2,3-butanediols within the frequency range from 1 MHz to 36 GHz and the temperature range from 283 to 423 K were analyzed. The correlation between relaxation parameters of the Davidson-Cole equation and molecular structure of the investigated butanediols was established. Values of average dipole moments of molecular clusters, 〈μc〉, were calculated according to the Dissado-Hill cluster theory. The dependence of 〈μc〉 on energy characteristics of the working model was revealed and discussed in details.

The results of studying the main regularities of the sorption of aluminum on complexing resin ANB-11g from lithium hydroxide solutions are given. The sorbent contains functional groups of methylglucosylamine (N-methylglucamine) and is produced by amination of chloromethylated copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene by methylglucosylamine. Tests of its chemical and thermal stability in solutions containing 48 g/dm3 LiOH showed that ANB-11g retains sorption properties after 30 days contact with it. Heating of the studied sorbent in this solution to 373 K doesn’t lead to a change in IR spectra-they are identical to the original. It was established on constructing the sorption isotherms of aluminum from solutions with 12–96 g/dm3 LiOH that an increase of the resin’s capacity for aluminum is observed with increasing content of the alkali in the original solution. The sorbent is regenerated by a diluted solution of the alkali with heating of the eluent to T = 323–363 K. As a result of pilot industrial testing of sorption purification of lithium hydroxide solutions to remove aluminum, the content of metal in them decreased by 1–2 orders of magnitude in them depending on the volume of solutions that passed through the resin. The degree of aluminum desorption was 99.5%.

The dielectric relaxation spectra (DRS) of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, and 1,2,6-gexanetriol are analyzed in terms of the Dissado-Hill (DH) model in a wide range of temperatures, with all parameters required for calculating the cluster dipole moments being determined within the DH molecular model itself. The dependence of the equilibrium and relaxation properties of DRS on the hydrocarbon radical length and the number of OH groups is studied. The dipole moments of the clusters are calculated. It is shown how the roles of the processes of intracluster rearrangement are redistributed due to the break of hydrogen bonds and fluctuation processes of synchronous exchange of molecules between the clusters.

The results of an investigation into imparting hydrophilic properties to pyrazole-containing sorbents in cyanic media and increasing their capacitive characteristics with respect to noble metals are presented. It is established that adding up to 30% (relative to 3(5)-methylpyrazole) of triethanolamine or trimethylamine into the resin matrix exerts a positive effect on the capacitive characteristics of sorbents based on styrene divinylbenzene and 3(5)-methylpyrazole. It is shown that the introduction of deprotonating additives into the reaction mixture when synthesizing a sorbent of SDP-d grade makes it possible to increase its sorption capacity by 20–25% in regards to silver for its recovery from the AgNO3 solution (the number of functional groups of resin correspondingly increases). A sorbent of SDDP-d grade of microporous structure with an increased content of 3(5)-methylpyrazole groups is obtained. The synthesized samples of resins are compared in regards to sorption from cyanic solutions on the background of high Cu and Zn contents in starting solutions. The sorption isotherms of Au, Ag, Cu, and Zn on the SDDP-d resin from cyanic solutions are recorded, and the sorption ability series Au > Ag > Zn > Cu is determined.

Radio observations of the Crab pulsar were performed on the 100-m radio telescope of the Green Bank Observatory at a frequency of 2100 MHz in a 64-MHz band in two channels with right-and left-circular polarization. The Mark5A recording system was used. During 15 min of observing time, 609 giant pulses were recorded; the brightest had a peak flux density of 670 kJy. The energy distribution has been constructed, polarization properties have been analyzed, and the characteristic temporal and frequency scales in the radio emission of the detected giant pulses have been found. Comparison of these parameters indicates that the properties of giant pulses detected at the main-pulse and interpulse longitudes do not differ, as is clearly observed at frequencies above 4 GHz. Probable origins of the frequency evolution of the properties of giant pulses are discussed.

The anodic polarization of zinc, cadmium, and their alloys with barium in chloride and oxide-chloride Ba-containing electrolytes is investigated. The dissolution of barium from alloys is accompanied by the concentration polarization from the side of the metal phase and proceeds selectively. The influence of electrocapillary effects on the anodic polarization of both metal zinc and cadmium and their alloys with barium is shown. The thickness of the diffusion layer in the Ba-Zn and Ba-Cd alloys is calculated. During the polarization of zinc, cadmium, and their alloys with barium in the oxide-chloride melts, the portions appear in the curves, which correspond to the limiting rate of the diffusion mass transfer of dissolved BaO to the surface of metal anodes.

A daily periodicity in small (K ≤ 8. 0) Kamchatka earthquakes has been detected, with the maximum occurring during the nighttime. The effect was not observed throughout the area of study, but only in several zones. We show that the results are not affected by human and weather factors. A hypothesis is put forward to explain the physical causes of the effect, viz., that the daily periodicity of small earthquakes could be due to natural VLF electromagnetic radiation acting on the geologic medium. It is pointed out that the effect is related to the previously identified effect of natural electromagnetic radiation modulating the intensity of geoacoustic emission from rocks.

We have analyzed the data on the times and number of weak earthquakes (M = 0–2.5) included in the up-to-date (final version) Catalog of Kamchatka Earthquakes for 1995–2008, and the intensity of highfrequency underground noise measured in the deep borehole near Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy (according to the literature data). We calculated the spectra of the seismic time series within the range of periods from 1 to 48 hours with a step of one minute. It was found that the spectrum of the earthquake data series contains a significant high Q extremum in a period of 24 hours that can be linked with a similar period in the high-frequency underground noise in Kamchatka and in the Russian Platform. There are some grounds to suggest that the weak earthquakes and the underground noise (seismoacoustic emission) have the same nature. In both cases, the shapes of the curve of the diurnal periodicity are found to depend on the duration of light during the day. The probable reasons for the solar impact on the seismic emission processes are discussed.

The complex dielectric permittivity of some butanediols is studied experimentally in the temperature interval from 20 to 150°C and frequency range from 1 MHz to 36 GHz. All experimental curves are proved to fit the Davidson-Cole equation; also the preliminary parameters of relaxation are reported.

A method for investigating the equations of static models describing the scattering of a relativistic particle on a fixed center in projective spaces is proposed. The basis of the method is a construction of a set of affine coordinates of the problem at zero total energy. This method is exemplified by the three-row crossing-symmetry matrix. Each element of the set results in a solution with the same Riemann surface on which the behavior of the separatrix at infinity is considered.

The dielectric spectra of propylene glycol over the frequency and temperature ranges 10 mHz–75 GHz and 175–423 K, respectively, were analyzed using the Dissado-Hill cluster model. A correlation between relaxation processes of breaking and formation of intermolecular H-bonds in clusters was obtained. A correlation of fluctuation processes of synchronous exchange of molecules between neighboring clusters corresponded to the redistribution of H-bonds between them. The Dissado-Hill theory was used to determine the integral relaxation times, n DH and m DH parameters and calculate the mean dipole moments of propylene glycol clusters and the energy characteristics of processes of their rearrangement. The mean dipole moments of clusters (23617–18.65 D) were compared with those of molecules in the liquid phase (3.67–3.03 D). The apparent activation enthalpy of processes of cluster rearrangements decreased from 141.8 to 25.2 kJ/mol, the activation energy decreased from 46.03 to 18.47 kJ/mol, and the energy of orientation dipole-dipole interactions, from 3.78 to 3.45 kJ/mol as the temperature increased.

The dielectric spectra of polypropyleneglycols H-(C3H6O) N p -OH (PPGs), where N p = 1, 2, 3, 7, 12, 17, 20, 34, 69, were analyzed in terms of the Dissado Hill (DH) cluster model above the vitrification temperatures. In PPGs, the structural clusters are associates formed by intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The activation processes of cleavage and formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in clusters, when the total number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds changes, are characterized by the parameter n DH. The fluctuation processes of simultaneous exchange of molecules between adjacent clusters correspond to redistributions of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between clusters, when only the position but not the total number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds changes, and are characterized by the parameter m DH. The relaxation time τDH at 303 K and 423 K and the parameters n DH and m DH of the dielectric spectra were calculated. The activation energies of relaxation in the range 210–323 K were determined. The mean statistic squares of the dipole moments of clusters 〈μ c 2 〉 and di-PG, PPG-425 (N p = 7), and PPG-2025 (N p = 34) molecules 〈μ m 2 〉 at 303 K and 423 K were calculated. The number of the units of the oxypropylene chains involved in relaxation was determined. The dependence of the parameters of the DH model, relaxation energies, 〈μ c 2 〉 and 〈μ m 2 〉 on N p were studied.

The influence of the current density (i) and the duration of electrolysis on the current efficiency of barium (CEBa) in the alloy with zinc and cadmium has been investigated during the electrolysis of melts (K-Na)Cleq-26 mol % BaCl2 containing up to 0.4 mol % BaO dissolved at T = 973 K. It is determined that the dependence of CEBa on the current density passes through a maximum: at i = 0.18 A/cm2, the value of CE Ba in the alloy with Zn is 86%; with cadmium it is 74%. An increase in the electrolysis time and the presence of barium oxide in the melt decrease the current efficiency of barium in melts.

Effect of the current density and electrolysis duration on the cathodic current efficiency by strontium was studied in chloride and oxide-chloride melts.

The flux densities of a uniform sample of extragalactic radio sources in a narrow strip of sky (1° wide in declination with a total area of about 0.1 sr) were monitored for 105 days at 1420 MHz using the 64-m Kalyazin radio telescope. In total, 32 bright sources with flux densities greater than 0.6 Jy have been studied. The statistical properties of the observed flux-density variations are discussed. We detected variability at the 95% confidence level according to the χ2 test in 4C +27.15 (0516+2740). The flux density variations in this source show the pattern typical of extreme scattering events. There are reasons to classify this source as a blazar.

Static permittivity ɛs, permittivity ɛ′, and dielectric loss ɛ″ were measured for 1,3-, 1,4-, and 2,3-butanediols over the frequency and temperature ranges 1 MHz-36 GHz and 293–423 K. These equilibrium properties of butanediols were analyzed using the Onsager-Kirkwood-Frohlich theory. The correlation factor g over the temperature range was calculated. The experimental permittivity ɛ′ and dielectric loss ɛ″ values were described by the Davidson-Cole equation. The relaxation times τD-C and parameter β of their distribution were calculated.

The data on the dispersion of the permittivity ɛ*(ω) of 1,2-ethanediol over the temperature range 161–453 K and the frequency range 0.1 Hz–150 GHz were analyzed using the Dissado-Hill cluster model. The relaxation frequency ωp = τDH−1 and intra-(nDH) and intercluster (mDH) correlation parameters were calculated. The energy barrier to the libration of molecular axes in clusters was found to be BDH = 2.96 kJ/mol. The apparent enthalpy of activation was determined; it increased from ΔHDH exp# = 22.18 kJ/mol to ΔHDH exp# = 129.19 kJ/mol close to the glass transition temperature. The mean dipole moments \( \bar \mu _c \) of 1,2-ethanediol clusters were calculated; they decreased from 162920 to 18.08 D as the temperature increased from 161 to 453 K. According to approximate estimates, the number of 1,2-ethanediol molecules in a cluster \( \bar \mu _c \)/μv decreased from 72405 at 161 K to 8.04 at 453 K (μv is the dipole moment of the molecule in the vacuum), which substantiated the suggestion of the existence of a spatial structure close to the boiling point.

A method of solving two-dimensional static models is suggested. Unlike known methods, it explicitly uses a procedure of analytical continuation of the S matrix to unphysical sheets of the Riemann surface.

The equilibrium and dynamic properties of 1,3-, 1,4-, and 2,3-butanediols were studied experimentally in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 36 GHz at temperatures from 283 to 423 K. The densities of the compounds were measured. The Kirkwood correlation factor was calculated with various (experimentally measured and calculated) dipole moments of the molecules.

We discovered fine-scale structure within the scattering disk of PSR B0329+54 in observations with the RadioAstron ground-space radio interferometer. Here, we describe this phenomenon, characterize it with averages and correlation functions, and interpret it as the result of decorrelation of the impulse-response function of interstellar scattering between the widely-separated antennas. This instrument included the 10-m Space Radio Telescope, the 110-m Green Bank Telescope, the 14x25-m Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, and the 64-m Kalyazin Radio Telescope. The observations were performed at 324 MHz, on baselines of up to 235,000 km in November 2012 and January 2014. In the delay domain, on long baselines the interferometric visibility consists of many discrete spikes within a limited range of delays. On short baselines it consists of a sharp spike surrounded by lower spikes. The average envelope of correlations of the visibility function show two exponential scales, with characteristic delays of $\tau_1=4.1\pm 0.3\ \mu{\rm s}$ and $\tau_2=23\pm 3\ \mu{\rm s}$, indicating the presence of two scales of scattering in the interstellar medium. These two scales are present in the pulse-broadening function. The longer scale contains 0.38 times the scattered power of the shorter one. We suggest that the longer tail arises from highly-scattered paths, possibly from anisotropic scattering or from substructure at large angles., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables; accepted by Astrophysical journal

Data on the time moments and numbers of weak earthquakes (M ≥ 0) are analyzed in five regions of Central Asia where long-term extensive instrumental observations of seismicity were conducted. Spectra of time moments of seismic events were calculated in the range of periods from 1 to 48 h with a step of half an hour. The time variations in the numbers of these earthquakes were also calculated in windows of 4 to 48 h wide with a summation step of 1 h. The presence of significant high-quality spectral extrema at periods of 24 and 12 h is established for all catalogs used, and less significant extrema at a period of 8 h are established for some catalogs. These periodicities are observed in the analysis of weak earthquakes with M < 2.2 (K < 8) and are virtually absent for stronger seismic events. It is shown that lunisolar tides have no appreciable gravitational effect on the observed variations in seismic emission. Daily variations in the actual sensitivity of the observation network due to the daytime increase in the noise level as a factor responsible for the observed diurnal periodicity raise doubts.