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1. Evaluation of hydrologic impact of an irrigation curtailment program using Landsat satellite data

Author

MacKenzie Friedrichs, Matthew Schauer, Naga Manohar Velpuri, Stefanie Kagone, Gabriel B. Senay, C. Amanda Garcia, Terrence D. Conlon, Ramesh K. Singh, and Jonathan V. Haynes

Subjects
Hydrology, geography, Water conservation, Irrigation, geography.geographical_feature_category, Water flow, Evapotranspiration, Tributary, Drainage basin, Environmental science, Water use, Irrigation district, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) is the source of the Klamath River that flows through southern Oregon and northern California. The UKL Basin provides water for 81,000+ ha (200,000+ acres) of irrigation on the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Klamath Project located downstream of the UKL Basin. Irrigated agriculture also occurs along the tributaries to UKL. During 2013–2016, water rights calls resulted in various levels of curtailment of irrigation diversions from the tributaries to UKL. However, information on the extent of curtailment, how much irrigation water was saved, and its impact on the UKL is unknown. In this study, we combined Landsat‐based actual evapotranspiration (ETa) data obtained from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance model with gridded precipitation and U.S. Geological Survey station discharge data to evaluate the hydrologic impact of the curtailment program. Analysis was performed for 2004, 2006, 2008–2010 (base years), and 2013–2016 (target years) over irrigated areas above UKL. Our results indicate that the savings from the curtailment program over the June to September time period were highest during 2013 and declined in each of the following years. The total on‐field water savings was approximately 60 hm³ in 2013 and 2014, 44 hm³ in 2015, and 32 hm³ in 2016 (1 hm3 = 10,000 m³ or 810.7 ac‐ft). The instream water flow changes or extra water available were 92, 68, 45, and 26 hm³, respectively, for 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016. Highest water savings came from pasture and wetlands. Alfalfa showed the most decline in water use among grain crops. The resulting extra water available from the curtailment contributed to a maximum of 19% of the lake inflows and 50% of the lake volume. The Landsat‐based ETa and other remote sensing datasets used in this study can be used to monitor crop water use at the irrigation district scale and to quantify water savings as a result of land‐water management changes.

Published
2020

4. Using Age Tracers and Decadal Sampling to Discern Trends in Nitrate, Arsenic, and Uranium in Groundwater Beneath Irrigated Cropland

Author

Lonna M. Frans, Jonathan V. Haynes, Bruce D. Lindsey, Christopher M. Hobza, John E. Solder, Karen R. Burow, and Anthony J. Tesoriero

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, Hydrology, Crops, Agricultural, Nitrates, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Groundwater recharge, Uranium, Arsenic, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nitrate, chemistry, Groundwater pollution, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Water quality, Surface water, Groundwater, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Repeat sampling and age tracers were used to examine trends in nitrate, arsenic, and uranium concentrations in groundwater beneath irrigated cropland. Much higher nitrate concentrations in shallow modern groundwater were observed at both the Columbia Plateau and High Plains sites (median values of 10.2 and 15.4 mg/L as N, respectively) than in groundwater that recharged prior to the onset of intensive irrigation (median values of1 and4 mg/L as N, respectively). Repeat sampling of these well networks indicates that high nitrate concentrations in modern, shallow groundwater have been sustained for decades, posing a future risk to older, deeper groundwater used for drinking water. In fact, nitrate concentrations in older modern water (30-60 years since recharge) at the High Plains site have increased in the past decade. Groundwater irrigated areas in the Columbia Plateau tend to have higher nitrate concentrations in groundwater than surface water irrigated areas, suggesting repeated dissolution of land applied fertilizer during recirculation may be an important factor causing high nitrate concentrations in groundwater. Mobilization of uranium and arsenic by land surface activities is suggested by the higher concentrations of these constituents in modern, shallow groundwater than in older, deeper groundwater at the Columbia Plateau site. Bicarbonate concentrations in modern groundwater are positively correlated with uranium (

Published
2019

5. Dietary fatty acid oxidation is decreased in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A palmitate breath test study

Author

Gihan Naguib, Yaron Rotman, V. Haynes-Williams, Jaha Norman-Wheeler, Nevitt Morris, Nancy Fryzek, Wen Chun A. Huang, and Shanna Yang

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Palmitates, Adipose tissue, Article, Palmitic acid, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Beta oxidation, Breath test, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Fatty liver, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Fatty Acids, Histology, medicine.disease, Lipid Metabolism, Obesity, Endocrinology, chemistry, Breath Tests, Liver, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business
Abstract

Background & aim Hepatic fat excess in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) reflects an imbalance between fat accumulation and disposal. Conflicting data exist for the role of fatty acid oxidation (FAO), one of the disposal pathways, and have mostly come from the studies delivering fatty acids (FAs) intravenously. Whether FAO of orally provided FAs is affected in NAFLD is unknown. Methods We performed a breath test study to measure FAO in subjects with NAFLD and healthy controls. Subjects ingested [1-13 C] palmitic acid (PA, 10 mg/kg) in a liquid meal and the rate of 13 CO2 appearance in expired air was measured over 6 hours by a BreathID device (Exalenz) to obtain the cumulative percent dose recovered (CPDR), the total amount of ingested 13 C recovered. CPDR was corrected by the results of a [1-13 C] acetate breath test, performed 1-4 weeks later, to calculate the rate of PA β-oxidation. Results Palmitic acid oxidation was 27% lower in 43 subjects with NAFLD compared to 11 controls (CPDR 9.5 ± 2.4% vs 13.1 ± 3.7%, P = .0001) and this persisted after correcting for acetate (29.3 ± 10.5 vs 36.6 ± 13.9, P = .03). The decrease in FAO was not because of the delayed transit as the time to peak 13 C detection did not differ between groups (4.9 ± 1.2 hours vs 4.7 ± 0.8 hours, P = .7). Rates of PA oxidation were not correlated with obesity, hepatic or adipose insulin resistance, alanine aminotransferase, liver fat content and NAFLD histology. Conclusion Fatty acid oxidation of orally delivered FA is decreased in NAFLD compared to healthy controls, likely reflecting decreased β-oxidation. The use of a breath test offers non-invasive dynamic assessment of FAO.

Published
2019

6. QUBIC: the Q \& U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology

Author

E. S. Battistelli, P. Ade, J. G. Alberro, A. Almela, G. Amico, L. H. Arnaldi, D. Auguste, J. Aumont, S. Azzoni, S. Banfi, P. Battaglia, A. Baù, B. Bélier, D. Bennett, L. Bergé, J.-Ph. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, M.-A. Bigot-Sazy, N. Bleurvacq, J. Bonaparte, J. Bonis, A. Bottani, E. Bunn, D. Burke, D. Buzi, A. Buzzelli, F. Cavaliere, P. Chanial, C. Chapron, R. Charlassier, F. Columbro, G. Coppi, A. Coppolecchia, G. D’Alessandro, P. de Bernardis, G. De Gasperis, M. De Leo, M. De Petris, S. Dheilly, A. Di Donato, L. Dumoulin, A. Etchegoyen, A. Fasciszewski, L. P. Ferreyro, D. Fracchia, C. Franceschet, M. M. Gamboa Lerena, K. Ganga, B. García, M. E. García Redondo, M. Gaspard, A. Gault, D. Gayer, M. Gervasi, M. Giard, V. Gilles, Y. Giraud-Heraud, M. Gómez Berisso, M. González, M. Gradziel, L. Grandsire, J.-Ch. Hamilton, D. Harari, V. Haynes, S. Henrot-Versillé, D. T. Hoang, F. Incardona, E. Jules, J. Kaplan, A. Korotkov, C. Kristukat, L. Lamagna, S. Loucatos, T. Louis, R. Luterstein, B. Maffei, S. Marnieros, W. Marty, S. Masi, A. Mattei, A. May, M. McCulloch, M. C. Medina, L. Mele, S. Melhuish, A. Mennella, L. Montier, L. Mousset, L. M. Mundo, J. A. Murphy, J. D. Murphy, F. Nati, E. Olivieri, C. Oriol, C. O’Sullivan, A. Paiella, F. Pajot, A. Passerini, H. Pastoriza, A. Pelosi, C. Perbost, M. Perciballi, F. Pezzotta, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, L. Piccirillo, G. Pisano, M. Platino, G. Polenta, D. Prêle, R. Puddu, D. Rambaud, P. Ringegni, G. E. Romero, M. Salatino, J. M. Salum, A. Schillaci, C. Scóccola, S. Scully, S. Spinelli, G. Stankowiak, M. Stolpovskiy, F. Suarez, A. Tartari, J.-P. Thermeau, P. Timbie, M. Tomasi, S. Torchinsky, M. Tristram, C. Tucker, G. Tucker, S. Vanneste, D. Viganò, N. Vittorio, F. Voisin, B. Watson, F. Wicek, M. Zannoni, A. Zullo, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Orsay] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), QUBIC, Battistelli, E, Ade, P, Alberro, J, Almela, A, Amico, G, Arnaldi, L, Auguste, D, Aumont, J, Azzoni, S, Banfi, S, Battaglia, P, Bau, A, Bélier, B, Bennett, D, Bergé, L, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bigot-Sazy, M, Bleurvacq, N, Bonaparte, J, Bonis, J, Bottani, A, Bunn, E, Burke, D, Buzi, D, Buzzelli, A, Cavaliere, F, Chanial, P, Chapron, C, Charlassier, R, Columbro, F, Coppi, G, Coppolecchia, A, D’Alessandro, G, de Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Leo, M, De Petris, M, Dheilly, S, Di Donato, A, Dumoulin, L, Etchegoyen, A, Fasciszewski, A, Ferreyro, L, Fracchia, D, Franceschet, C, Lerena, M, Ganga, K, García, B, Redondo, M, Gaspard, M, Gault, A, Gayer, D, Gervasi, M, Giard, M, Gilles, V, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Berisso, M, González, M, Gradziel, M, Grandsire, L, Hamilton, J, Harari, D, Haynes, V, Henrot-Versillé, S, Hoang, D, Incardona, F, Jules, E, Kaplan, J, Korotkov, A, Kristukat, C, Lamagna, L, Loucatos, S, Louis, T, Luterstein, R, Maffei, B, Marnieros, S, Marty, W, Masi, S, Mattei, A, May, A, Mcculloch, M, Medina, M, Mele, L, Melhuish, S, Mennella, A, Montier, L, Mousset, L, Mundo, L, Murphy, J, Nati, F, Olivieri, E, Oriol, C, O’Sullivan, C, Paiella, A, Pajot, F, Passerini, A, Pastoriza, H, Pelosi, A, Perbost, C, Perciballi, M, Pezzotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Platino, M, Polenta, G, Prêle, D, Puddu, R, Rambaud, D, Ringegni, P, Romero, G, Salatino, M, Salum, J, Schillaci, A, Scóccola, C, Scully, S, Spinelli, S, Stankowiak, G, Stolpovskiy, M, Suarez, F, Tartari, A, Thermeau, J, Timbie, P, Tomasi, M, Torchinsky, S, Tristram, M, Tucker, C, Tucker, G, Vanneste, S, Viganò, D, Vittorio, N, Voisin, F, Watson, B, Wicek, F, Zannoni, M, Zullo, A, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Zmuidzinas, J, Gao, JR, De Bernardis, P, Dalessandro, G, Hoang, T, Osullivan, C, Prele, D, Belier, B, Berge, L, Cobos Cerutti, A, Duca, C, Gamboa Lerena, M, Garcia, B, Garcia Redondo, M, Gomez Berisso, M, Gonzalez, M, Hampel, M, Henrot-Versille, S, Melo, D, Olivicri, E, Rasztocky, E, Scoccola, C, Supanitsky, A, Vigano, D, Wright, M, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)

Subjects
cosmological model, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Ciencias Físicas, electormagnetics, cosmic background radiation: polarization, cosmic background radiation, Cosmic microwave background, cosmology, gravitational waves, polarization, bolometric interferometer, stokes polarimeter, transition-edge sensors, 01 natural sciences, Stokes polarimeter, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], SPIE Proceeding, Polarization, propagation, ultraviolet, optical, site, General Materials Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microwave measurement, Settore FIS/05, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Cosmology, physical optics, Optical interferometry, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Cosmic Microwave Background, Polarization, Cosmology, Experimental, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, signature, Manuscript format, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Transition-edge sensors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), detector: cryogenics, LaTeX, interferometer, FOS: Physical sciences, anisotropy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, microwaves, Gravitational waves, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, bolometer, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], inflation, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Ultraviolet sources, Q measurement, beam propagation, Template, Bolometric interferometer, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Optical propagation, sensitivity, optics, Optical polarization, Astronomía, Instruments, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

The Q & U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology, QUBIC, is an innovative experiment designed to measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background and in particular the signature left therein by the inflationary expansion of the Universe. The expected signal is extremely faint, thus extreme sensitivity and systematic control are necessary in order to attempt this measurement. QUBIC addresses these requirements using an innovative approach combining the sensitivity of Transition Edge Sensor cryogenic bolometers, with the deep control of systematics characteristic of interferometers. This makes QUBIC unique with respect to others classical imagers experiments devoted to the CMB polarization. In this contribution we report a description of the QUBIC instrument including recent achievements and the demonstration of the bolometric interferometry performed in lab. QUBIC will be deployed at the observation site in Alto Chorrillos, in Argentina at the end of 2019., Accepted for publication in the Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Published
2019

7. Liver injury is associated with mortality in sickle cell disease

Author

Gregory J. Kato, Netanya G. Sandler, Christopher Koh, T. Shields, Mark T. Gladwin, Jay H. Hoofnagle, David E. Kleiner, James G. Taylor, Daniel C. Douek, Jordan J. Feld, James S. Nichols, Theo Heller, T. Jake Liang, Mariana Hildesheim, and V. Haynes-Williams

Subjects
Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Iron Overload, Adolescent, Anemia, Iron, Portal venous pressure, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Gastroenterology, Article, Young Adult, Fibrosis, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Aged, Liver injury, Hepatology, biology, business.industry, Liver Diseases, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Haemolysis, United States, Ferritin, Ferritins, biology.protein, Portal hypertension, Female, business, Hepatic fibrosis
Abstract

Summary Background Increased life expectancy in sickle cell disease (SCD) has resulted in greater recognition of the consequences of repeated intravascular vaso-occlusion and chronic haemolysis to multiple organ systems. Aim To report the long-term consequences of liver dysfunction in SCD. Methods A cohort of SCD patients was prospectively evaluated at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center. The association of mortality with liver enzymes, parameters of liver synthetic function and iron overload was evaluated using Cox regression. Results Exactly, 247 SCD patients were followed up for 30 months of whom 22 (9%) died. After controlling for predictors, increased direct bilirubin (DB), ferritin, alkaline phosphatase and decreased albumin were independently associated with mortality. In a multivariable model, only high DB and ferritin remained significant. Ferritin correlated with hepatic iron content and total blood transfusions but not haemolysis markers. Forty patients underwent liver biopsies and 11 (28%) had fibrosis. Twelve of 26 patients (48%) had portal hypertension by hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements. All patients with advanced liver fibrosis had iron overload; however, most patients (69%) with iron overload were without significant hepatic fibrosis. Ferritin did not correlate with left ventricular dysfunction by echocardiography. DB correlated with bile acid levels suggesting liver pathology. Platelet count and soluble CD14 correlated with HVPG indicating portal hypertension. Conclusions Ferritin and direct bilirubin are independently associated with mortality in sickle cell disease. Ferritin likely relates to transfusional iron overload, while direct bilirubin suggests impairment of hepatic function, possibly impairing patients’ ability to tolerate systemic insults.

Published
2015

8. Understanding early serum hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B surface antigen kinetics during pegylated interferon‐alpha therapy via mathematical modeling

Author

Peter Schmid, Jeremie Guedj, Scott J. Cotler, Yaron Rotman, Theo Heller, Jeffrey H. Albrecht, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Harel Dahari, V. Haynes-Williams, T. Jake Liang, and Christopher Koh

Subjects
HBsAg, Hepatology, business.industry, viruses, virus diseases, Alpha interferon, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, Hepatitis D, Virology, Interquartile range, Pegylated interferon, medicine, Hepatitis D virus, Seroconversion, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

There is little information on the early kinetics of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during interferon-α therapy. Here a mathematical model was developed and fitted to frequent HDV and HBsAg kinetic data from 10 patients during the first 28 weeks of pegylated-interferon-α2a (peg-IFN) therapy. Three patients achieved a complete virological response (CVR), defined as undetectable HDV 6 months after treatment stopped with loss of HBsAg and anti-HBsAg seroconversion. After initiation of therapy, a median delay of 9 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 5-15) was observed with no significant changes in HDV level. Thereafter, HDV declined in a biphasic manner, where a rapid first phase lasting for 25 days (IQR: 23-58) was followed by a slower or plateau second phase. The model predicts that the main effect of peg-IFN is to reduce HDV production/release with a median effectiveness of 96% (IQR: 93-99.8). Median serum HDV half-life (t1/2) was estimated as 2.9 days (IQR: 1.5-5.3) corresponding to a pretreatment production and clearance of about 1010 (IQR: 109.7-1010.7) virions/day. None of the patients with flat second phase in HDV achieved CVR. HBsAg kinetics of decline paralleled the second phase of HDV decline consistent with HBsAg-productive-infected cells being the main source of production of HDV, with a median t1/2 of 135 days (IQR: 20-460). The interferon lambda-3 polymorphism (rs12979860) was not associated with kinetic parameters. Conclusion: Modeling results provide insights into HDV-host dynamics, the relationship between serum HBsAg levels and HBsAg-infected cells, IFN's mode of action, and its effectiveness. The observation that a flat second phase in HDV and HBsAg kinetics was associated with failure to achieve CVR provides the basis to develop early stopping rules during peg-IFN treatment in HDV-infected patients. (Hepatology 2014;60:1901–1909)

Published
2014

9. Long-term outcome of chronic hepatitis C after sustained virological response to interferon-based therapy

Author

Christopher Koh, Theo Heller, V. Haynes-Williams, Jordan J. Feld, Marc G. Ghany, Jay H. Hoofnagle, T. J. Liang, David E. Kleiner, Xiongce Zhao, Koji Hara, and Yaron Rotman

Subjects
Male, Oncology, Hepacivirus, Polyethylene Glycols, chemistry.chemical_compound, Liver Function Tests, Interferon, Pharmacology (medical), Longitudinal Studies, Young adult, Aged, 80 and over, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Gastroenterology, virus diseases, Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, Recombinant Proteins, Treatment Outcome, Female, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Alpha interferon, Interferon alpha-2, Antiviral Agents, Article, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Ribavirin, medicine, Humans, Interferon alfa, Aged, Hepatology, business.industry, Interferon-alpha, Hepatitis C, Chronic, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, chemistry, Immunology, Liver function tests, business, Biomarkers, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Although the short-term benefits of a sustained virological response (SVR) to interferon-based therapies of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are well known, the long-term consequences of SVR are less clear.To assess changes in markers of disease activity and fibrosis in patients followed up to 23 years post-SVR.The first 103 SVR patients (from 1984 to 2003) at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center were evaluated. Serum markers before treatment and at the last visit were compared. Evaluations after 2007 included transient elastography (TE).Of 103 patients, three subsequently relapsed 0.7, 6.3 and 6.5 years post therapy. The remaining 100 patients (56 men, mean age 56 years) maintained SVR at final follow-up. No patients developed hepatic decompensation, but one with pre-treatment cirrhosis died 12 years post SVR of hepatocellular carcinoma. In comparison to pre-treatment values, markers improved at follow-up, including mean ALT (152-27 U/L), AST (87-24 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (78-69 U/L), IgG (1463-1113 mg/dL), platelet count (209 000-239 000/μL) and AST to platelet count ratio index (APRI: 1.31-0.33). TE was performed in 69 patients and was normal (7.0 kPA) in 60%, moderately elevated (7.1-13.8) in 31% and cirrhotic range (13.8) in 9%. TE and platelet counts at follow-up correlated with fibrosis on pre-treatment liver biopsy (P0.001).In 97% of patients with CHC, SVR is durable without evidence of disease progression, although some degree of hepatic fibrosis may persist and patients with pre-treatment cirrhosis are at continuing low risk for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Published
2013

10. BC’s Representational Silviculture and the Negative Affect of the Pine Beetle Animal Story

Author

V. Haynes

Subjects
Government, Engineering, biology, business.industry, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Subject (philosophy), Environmental ethics, biology.organism_classification, Blame, Narrative, business, Ecological crisis, Silviculture, Mountain pine beetle, media_common
Abstract

Examining the broader question, “What role does the animal story play in the narration of ecological crisis and how does that narrative impact the story subject,” this paper focuses on the Mountain Pine Beetle eco-crisis consuming the forests of BC. I assert that the government constructs an animal story for the Pine Beetle and capitalizes on the negative affect it associates with the story to manipulate the public’s sense of blame and responsibility for the crisis. As a result of this representation, the Pine Beetle ceases to be animal and bears responsibility for the crisis while being denied the possibility of an inhabitant’s right to the forest.

Published
2011

11. The natural history of acute hepatitis C: clinical presentation, laboratory findings and treatment outcomes

Author

Yoon J. Park, Rohit Loomba, R. McBurney, Barbara Rehermann, Steven K. Herrine, Maria M. Rivera, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Harvey J. Alter, V. Haynes-Williams, Theo Heller, and T. J. Liang

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatology, business.industry, Ribavirin, Hepatitis C virus, Gastroenterology, virus diseases, Jaundice, medicine.disease_cause, Natural history, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chronic infection, Pharmacotherapy, chemistry, Interferon, Internal medicine, Immunology, Severity of illness, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33: 559–565 Summary Background Acute hepatitis C has variable modes of presentation and frequently results in chronic infection. Its optimal management has yet to be defined. Aim To establish natural history and complications of treatment of acute hepatitis C. Methods Data from all patients presenting with acute hepatitis C to the National Institutes of Health between 1994 and 2007 were reviewed. Results Twenty-five patients were identified. Symptoms were reported by 80% and jaundice by 40%. Aminotransferase levels and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels fluctuated greatly; 18% of patients were intermittently negative for HCV RNA. Five patients recovered spontaneously whereas 20 developed chronicity or received interferon-based therapy during the acute phase. Among 15 patients treated during the acute phase with peginterferon with or without ribavirin for 24 weeks, all became HCV RNA negative within 4–8 weeks, and all except two (HIV-positive) achieved a sustained virological response. Side effects (particularly psychiatric) were common and limited treatment in 30%. Conclusions Among 25 patients with acute HCV infection, fluctuating illness was common and spontaneous recovery occurred in only 20%. Anti-viral treatment with a 24-week course of peginterferon and ribavirin was highly effective, but marked by frequent and severe side effects.

Published
2010

12. A submillimetre imaging polarimeter at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope

Author

E. I. Robson, C. V. Haynes, Tim Jenness, Jun-Ichi Morino, David S. Berry, Wayne S. Holland, Munetake Momose, Antonio Chrysostomou, Jane S. Greaves, A. G. Murray, Jamie Stevens, R. Nartallo, Fred Gannaway, Motohide Tamura, Gerald H. Moriarty-Schieven, and Peter A. R. Ade

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Bolometer, Polarimetry, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Polarimeter, Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), Synchrotron, law.invention, Magnetic field, Space and Planetary Science, law, James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, Data reduction
Abstract

A polarimeter has been built for use with the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA), on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) in Hawaii. SCUBA is the first of a new generation of highly sensitive submillimetre cameras, and the UK/Japan Polarimeter adds a polarimetric imaging/photometry capability in the wavelength range 350 to 2000 microns. Early science results range from measuring the synchrotron polarization of the black hole candidate Sgr A* to mapping magnetic fields inferred from polarized dust emission in Galactic star-forming clouds. We describe the instrument design, performance, observing techniques and data reduction processes, along with an assessment of the current and future scientific capability., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Published
2003

13. [Untitled]

Author

A. D. Turner, Adam Woodcraft, Fred Gannaway, P. A. R. Ade, E. Wakui, J. J. Bock, Matthew Joseph Griffin, Carole Tucker, S. Sethuraman, R. V. Sudiwala, Jeffrey W. Beeman, Bruno Maffei, and C. V. Haynes

Subjects
Physics, Radiation, business.industry, Thermistor, Cosmic microwave background, Detector, Bolometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Biasing, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, Optics, Semiconductor, law, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Adiabatic process, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

We describe techniques for testing and characterising semiconductor bolometers, using the bolometer model presented in Sudiwala et. al. [1]. The procedures are illustrated with results from a prototype bolometer for the high frequency instrument (HFI) in the Planck Surveyor cosmic microwave background mission. This is a bolometer using spider-web geometry and a neutron transmutation doped (NTD) germanium thermistor, designed for operation at 100 mK. Details are given of the laboratory facility used to take data at temperatures from 70 mK to 350 mK. This employs an adiabatic demagnetisation refrigerator to cool the detector and optics. The spatial and spectral properties of the optical system are controlled using feedhorns and edge filters. To characterise the bolometer, blanked and optically loaded load curves were measured over a range of temperatures, and the response to modulated radiation was measured as a function of modulation frequency, temperature and bias current. Results for the prototype bolometer show that its behaviour is well represented by an ideal thermal detector down to a temperature of approximately 100 mK. Below this, non-thermal effects such as electron-phonon decoupling or electric field dependent resistance appear to lead to departure from ideal behaviour. The performance was in good agreement with the design goals for the bolometer.

Published
2002

14. Long-term therapy of chronic delta hepatitis with peginterferon alfa

Author

R. McBurney, Theo Heller, Christopher Koh, Marc G. Ghany, Richard Chang, Peter Schmid, Yaron Rotman, T. J. Liang, Shauna A. Clark, David E. Kleiner, Janice K. Albrecht, Jay H. Hoofnagle, and V. Haynes-Williams

Subjects
Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, HBsAg, Cirrhosis, Time Factors, Adolescent, Hepatitis D, Chronic, Peginterferon-alfa, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Gastroenterology, Antiviral Agents, Article, Polyethylene Glycols, Young Adult, Internal medicine, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Interferon alfa, Aged, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, virus diseases, Interferon-alpha, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Hepatitis D, Recombinant Proteins, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Disease Progression, Portal hypertension, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Summary Background Chronic delta hepatitis virus (HDV) infection rapidly progresses to cirrhosis. Treatment with peginterferon for up to 2 years is often without durable response. Aim To examine the efficacy and safety of long-term peginterferon in achieving a durable response. Methods Treatment was initiated with 180 μg/week of peginterferon alfa-2a with titration to a maximal tolerable dose, for up to 5 years. Liver biopsies and hepatic venous pressure gradients (HVPG) were evaluated at baseline, 1, 3 and 5 years. The primary endpoint was histological improvement or loss of serum HDV and HBsAg at 3 years. Results Thirteen patients were treated for a median of 140 weeks (6–260) with an average peginterferon dose of 180 μg/week (90–270). At baseline, most had advanced disease (median Ishak fibrosis = 3) with portal hypertension (HVPG = 10.2 ± 6 mmHg). Five of 13 patients (39%) achieved the primary endpoint, with three seroconverting for HBsAg after 24, 37 and 202 weeks of treatment. Histological inflammation improved after 1 year, (median HAI: 10 vs. 7, P = 0.01) with persistence in 4/5 patients at 3 years (median HAI: 7.5). Greatest improvements occurred in the first year. Baseline bilirubin and HBsAg levels were significantly lower in virological responders than nonresponders. After 12 weeks, virological responders had a significant decline in HBsAg (1.5 log10 IU/mL, P = 0.05). Conclusion Despite increased doses and duration of therapy, treatment of chronic HDV with peginterferon remains unsatisfactory. Quantitative measures of HBsAg may be an important biomarker of early response to peginterferon therapy in chronic delta hepatitis virus infection.

Published
2014

15. Latest Progress on the QUBIC Instrument

Author

A. Ghribi, J. Aumont, E. S. Battistelli, A. Bau, B. Bélier, L. Bergé, J.-Ph. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, M.-A. Bigot-Sazy, G. Bordier, E. T. Bunn, F. Cavaliere, P. Chanial, A. Coppolecchia, T. Decourcelle, P. De Bernardis, M. De Petris, A.-A. Drilien, L. Dumoulin, M. C. Falvella, A. Gault, M. Gervasi, M. Giard, M. Gradziel, L. Grandsire, D. Gayer, J.-Ch. Hamilton, V. Haynes, Y. Giraud-Héraud, N. Holtzer, J. Kaplan, A. Korotkov, J. Lande, A. Lowitz, B. Maffei, S. Marnieros, J. Martino, S. Masi, A. Mennella, L. Montier, A. Murphy, M. W. Ng, E. Olivieri, F. Pajot, A. Passerini, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, L. Piccirillo, G. Pisano, D. Prêle, D. Rambaud, O. Rigaut, C. Rosset, M. Salatino, A. Schillaci, S. Scully, C. O’Sullivan, A. Tartari, P. Timbie, G. Tucker, L. Vibert, F. Voisin, B. Watson, M. Zannoni, Ghribi, A, Aumont, J, Battistelli, E, Bau', A, Bélier, B, Bergé, L, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bigot Sazy, M, Bordier, G, Bunn, E, Cavaliere, F, Chanial, P, Coppolecchia, A, Decourcelle, T, Bernardis, P, Petris, M, Drilien, A, Dumoulin, L, Falvella, M, Gault, A, Gervasi, M, Giard, M, Gradziel, M, Grandsire, L, Gayer, D, Hamilton, J, Haynes, V, Giraud Héraud, Y, Holtzer, N, Kaplan, J, Korotkov, A, Lande, J, Lowitz, A, Maffei, B, Marnieros, S, Martino, J, Masi, S, Mennella, A, Montier, L, Murphy, A, Ng, M, Olivieri, E, Pajot, F, Passerini, A, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Prêle, D, Rambaud, D, Rigaut, O, Rosset, C, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Scully, S, O’Sullivan, C, Tartari, A, Timbie, P, Tucker, G, Vibert, L, Voisin, F, Watson, B, Zannoni, M, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), QUBIC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale ( IAS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière ( CSNSM ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Bolometric interferometry, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Experimental Physics, Computer science, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CMB, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, B-modes, Polarization, Transition Edge Sensors, Bolometric Interferometry, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Inflation (cosmology), Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Holy Grail, Interferometry, B-mode, Computer Science::Programming Languages, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Transition edge sensor, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

QUBIC is a unique instrument that crosses the barriers between classical imaging architectures and interferometry taking advantage from both for high sensitivity and systematics mitigation. The scientific target is the detection of the primordial gravitational waves imprint on the Cosmic Microwave Background which are the proof of inflation, holy grail of modern cosmology. In this paper, we show the latest advances in the development of the architecture and the sub-systems of the first module of this instrument to be deployed in Dome Charlie Concordia base - Antarctica in 2015., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, conference LTD15

Published
2014

16. A low-background bolometer array test facility and its use in evaluating prototype arrays for FIRST-SPIRE

Author

C. V. Haynes, R Hermoso, Bruno Maffei, Carole Tucker, Peter Charles Hargrave, Samuel H. Moseley, James J. Bock, G Gannaway, Matthew Joseph Griffin, Peter A. R. Ade, and L. Rodriguez

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Bolometer, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Particle detector, law.invention, Semiconductor detector, Telescope, Spire, Optics, law, Calibration, Measuring instrument, business, Instrumentation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We report on the imaging detector array test and evaluation program for the Spectral and Photometric Imaging REceiver (SPIRE) instrument for the Far InfraRed and Submillimetre Telescope (FIRST) satellite. Three candidate detector array technologies are under evaluation: (i) hexagonally close-packed arrays of 2 Fλ feedhorns with NTD germanium sensors; (ii) filled absorber arrays with 0.5 Fλ square pixels with ion-implanted silicon sensors; and (iii) 0.5 Fλ filled arrays with transition-edge superconducting (TES) sensors. Detector arrays are required for SPIRE bands covering the 200–700 μm range. To meet the SPIRE performance requirements, the detectors must be background limited by the thermal emission from the 80 K low-emissivity FIRST telescope, achieve a speed of response of 20 Hz, and be fabricated in sizes up to 32×32. A novel cryogenic array test facility has been built to enable a range of experiments to be carried out under low background to enable a comprehensive evaluation and calibration programme on prototype detector arrays with a minimum of disruptive warm-up/cool-down cycles. The facility will be used to compare the performance of the different array types prior to array technology selection for SPIRE.

Published
2000

17. LP36 : Understanding hepatitis delta virus and HBsAG kinetics during treatment with prenylation inhibitor lonafarnib via mathematical modeling

Author

Scott J. Cotler, Mark A. Winters, Xiongce Zhao, Christopher Koh, Stewart Cooper, Rachel Bishop, David E. Kleiner, V. Haynes-Williams, Theo Heller, Harel Dahari, Peter A. Pinto, Susan L. Uprichard, Ramazan Idilman, E. Wolff, Gitanjali Subramanya, Cihan Yurdaydin, M.A. Than Han, Onur Keskin, Laetitia Canini, and Jeffrey S. Glenn

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, HBsAg, Hepatology, Prenylation, Chemistry, Kinetics, HEPATITIS DELTA, Lonafarnib, Virology, Virus
Published
2015

18. Abrupt Onset and Termination of Cutaneous Allodynia (Central Sensitization) During Attacks of SUNCT

Author

Todd D. Rozen, Gary V. Haynes, Fred D. Sheftell, and Joel R. Saper

Subjects
Adult, Male, Central sensitization, Headache Disorders, Pain, Neurological disorder, Eye, Central nervous system disease, medicine, Humans, Skin, Cutaneous allodynia, business.industry, Syndrome, medicine.disease, Allodynia, Neurology, Migraine, Hyperalgesia, Tears, Anesthesia, Abrupt onset, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

The presence of central sensitization and cutaneous allodynia has not been readily studied in other primary headache syndromes outside of migraine. If central sensitization does occur, is the temporal profile any different in the short-lasting more aggressive syndromes such as SUNCT than in migraine? A patient with SUNCT was examined during and in between attacks looking for the presence and duration of cutaneous allodynia.

Published
2005

19. Hepatitis Delta Virus Kinetics under the Prenylation Inhibitor Lonafarnib Suggest HDV-Mediated Suppression of HBV Replication

Author

Senem Ceren Karatayli, V. Haynes-Williams, D. Cory, Theo Heller, N. Borochov, A. Mihat Bozdayi, Swati DebRoy, Scott J. Cotler, Çağdaş Kalkan, Harel Dahari, Susan L. Uprichard, Ramazan Idilman, Ersin Karatayli, I. Choong, Cihan Yurdaydin, Laetitia Canini, and Jeffrey S. Glenn

Subjects
Hepatology, business.industry, Kinetics, HEPATITIS DELTA, Hbv replication, Virology, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Prenylation, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Lonafarnib, business
Published
2016

25. Prologue

Author

Robert V. Haynes

Published
2010

28. A Territory in Transition

Author

Robert V. Haynes

Subjects
Geography, Condensed matter physics, Transition (fiction)
Published
2010

30. Frontier Democracy, Republican Style

Author

Robert V. Haynes

Subjects
Frontier, Political science, media_common.quotation_subject, Political economy, Development economics, Democracy, media_common, Style (sociolinguistics)
Published
2010

34. Transformation of a Territory

Author

Robert V. Haynes

Subjects
Political science, Economic geography, Transformation (music)
Published
2010

36. Security and Settlements

Author

Robert V. Haynes

Subjects
Geography, Human settlement, Environmental planning
Published
2010

38. The Creek War

Author

Robert V. Haynes

Subjects
History
Published
2010

41. Statehood

Author

Robert V. Haynes

Published
2010

42. Planck pre-launch status: HFI beam expectations from the optical optimisation of the focal plane

Author

Andrew E. Lange, F. Pajot, T. Peacocke, J.-L. Puget, J.-M. Lamarre, V. Yurchenko, I. Ristorcelli, F. R. Bouchet, Y. Longval, Peter A. R. Ade, I. McAuley, R. Colgan, C. V. Haynes, Giorgio Savini, A. Catalano, W. C. Jones, J. A. Murphy, R. Gispert, J. Brossard, Rashmikant V. Sudiwala, Richard Wylde, F. Noviello, Emily Gleeson, Bruno Maffei, Giampaolo Pisano, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, PLANCK-HFI, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), and Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
cosmic microwave background, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Experimental Physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 010309 optics, Telescope, symbols.namesake, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, space vehicles: instruments, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], instrumentation: detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, instrumentation: polarimeters, Astronomy, submillimeter: general, telescopes, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cardinal point, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, business
Abstract

Planck is a European Space Agency (ESA) satellite, launched in May 2009, which will map the cosmic microwave background anisotropies in intensity and polarisation with unprecedented detail and sensitivity. It will also provide full-sky maps of astrophysical foregrounds. An accurate knowledge of the telescope beam patterns is an essential element for a correct analysis of the acquired astrophysical data. We present a detailed description of the optical design of the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) together with some of the optical performances measured during the calibration campaigns. We report on the evolution of the knowledge of the pre-launch HFI beam patterns when coupled to ideal telescope elements, and on their significance for the HFI data analysis procedure.

Published
2010

44. ACBAR: The Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver

Author

M. C. Runyan, P. A. R. Ade, R. S. Bhatia, J. J. Bock, M. D. Daub, J. H. Goldstein, C. V. Haynes, W. L. Holzapfel, C. L. Kuo, A. E. Lange, J. Leong, M. Lueker, M. Newcomb, J. B. Peterson, C. Reichardt, J. Ruhl, G. Sirbi, E. Torbet, C. Tucker, A. D. Turner, and D. Woolsey

Subjects
Physics, Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver, Bolometer, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astronomy, Viper telescope, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy, law.invention, Azimuth, Cardinal point, Space and Planetary Science, law, Gaussian beam
Abstract

We describe the Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver (ACBAR); a multifrequency millimeter-wave receiver designed for observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in clusters of galaxies. The ACBAR focal plane consists of a 16-pixel, background-limited, 240 mK bolometer array that can be configured to observe simultaneously at 150, 220, 280, and 350 GHz. With 4-5' FWHM Gaussian beam sizes and a 3 degree azimuth chop, ACBAR is sensitive to a wide range of angular scales. ACBAR was installed on the 2 m Viper telescope at the South Pole in January 2001. We describe the design of the instrument and its performance during the 2001 and 2002 observing seasons., Comment: 59 pages, 16 figures -- updated to reflect version published in ApJS

Published
2003
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45. Closed-Cycle Cooling of Infrared Detectors to 0.25 K for the Polatron

Author

B. J. Philhour, Peter A. R. Ade, Sarah E. Church, C. V. Haynes, Peter Mason, W. C. Jones, Andrew E. Lange, G. Sirbi, James J. Bock, R. S. Bhatia, J. R. Leong, B. G. Keating, S. T. Chase, Jason Glenn, and Viktor Hristov

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Bolometer, Cosmic microwave background, Refrigerator car, Cryocooler, Electromagnetic interference, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Optics, law, Thermal, symbols, Planck, business, Cooling down
Abstract

We have integrated a 4 K mechanical cryocooler with a three stage 4 He/ 3 He/ 3 He sorption refrigerator to achieve cooling down to 0.25 K. The cryocooler consists of two Gifford-MacMahon stages which cool 4He to below its inversion temperature for use in a Joule-Thomson expansion stage. This in turn provides cooling below the critical temperature of 4He. The sorption refrigerator is specified to achieve a heatlift of 3 microwatts at 0.25 K for 12 hours. This cryogenic system will be used for cooling of the bolometric detectors and optics in the Polatron, a ground-based receiver for measurement of the polarisation of the cosmic microwave background radiation at a frequency of 90 GHz. Cooling of sensitive detectors by mechanical cryocoolers can lead to sensitivity degradation due to a combination of microphonic pickup, electromagnetic interference and thermal dissipative heating. We describe the design features incorporated at system level to mitigate these effects. The Polatron also serves as a testbed for technologies to be used on the High Frequency Instrument on the ESA/NASA Planck satellite to measure the temperature anisotropies and polarisation of the cosmic microwave background radiation.

Published
2002

46. 507 MODELING HDV KINETICS DURING PEGYLATED INTERFERON-ALFA TREATMENT

Author

V. Haynes-Williams, P. Schmidt, Harel Dahari, Jeremie Guedj, Theo Heller, Jake Liang, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Yaron Rotman, and Janice K. Albrecht

Subjects
Hepatology, business.industry, Kinetics, Medicine, Pharmacology, business, Pegylated Interferon Alfa
Published
2012

50. Radiocarbon Evidence for Holocene Recharge of Groundwater, Western Desert, Egypt

Author

Herbert Haas and C V Haynes

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Groundwater recharge, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, law.invention, law, Absolute dating, Geochronology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Radiocarbon dating, Physical geography, Quaternary, Cenozoic, Holocene, Groundwater, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

During Pleistocene pluvial precipitation was sufficient for the maintenance of groundwater supported lakes and for the accumulation of playa lakes in wind-scoured depressions during the early Holocene pluvial. At places where ground water reaches near to the surface, wells (birs) have been dug and maintained in historic times. These birs have been used as sampling sites for water analyses, including carbon-14 levels, carbon and oxygen stable isotope ratios, tritium concentrations, and chemical data.All the waters from birs analyzed to date produced apparent radiocarbon ages ranging from late historic to early Holocene, and tritium analyses on some of these indicate no recharge during the Atomic age.Sources of error for the radiocarbon analyses, including exchange with atmospheric CO2, respiration by plant roots, and contact with carbonates of considerably older age, were evaluated. None of these factors have such an extreme impact on the measurements as to render the result invalid. Two trends revealed by these data are an increase in apparent age from northwest to southwest and with subsequent extractions at the same site where the hand-dug well was bailed out and sampled four times within two days.We conclude that recharge of shallow ground water occurred in early Holocene time, and some recharge of deeper aquifers may have occurred where infiltration paths permitted. Some recharge occurred in late Holocene (post pluvial) time, but the net trend has been toward hyper-aridity that characterizes the area today.

Published
1980

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