Search

Introduction The presence of low-activity alleles of the MAOA gene increases the risk of hostility. Objectives To study the association of hostility with high and low-active variants of the MAOA gene in an open population of men 45-64 years. Methods Under the WHO International Program MONICA-psychosocial and HAPIEE a representative sample of men aged 45–64 years (n = 781 men, average age was 56.48 ± 0.2 years) examined in 2003-2005. All respondents independently completed a questionnaire on hostility. From the surveyed sample using the random number method 156 men were selected who were genotyped for MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism. Results It was found the level of hostility in the population of men was 60.3%. In persons with low-active alleles of the MAOA-L gene (allele 2 and 3) a high level of hostility was more common - 50.9%. The results of building a logistic regression model showed that the presence of low-active alleles (2; 3) of the MAOA gene increases the likelihood of hostility OR = 2,103 (95% CI 1,137-3,889, p = 0.018). Conclusions Our findings allow us to conclude that the low-active allele of the MAOA-L gene is associated with hostility.

Aim. To study 33-year (1977–2009) dynamics acute cardiovascular accident in general population aged 25-64 years in Russia.Material and methods. Data of WHO studies (“Acute Myocardial Infarction Register” and “MONICA”) were analyzed in three districts of Novosibirsk.Results. Myocardial Infarction (MI) morbidity in 25–64-year-old population in Russia was found one of the highest worldwide. MI morbidity rates remained steady for the entire period of study except for 1988, 1994, 1998 (increase), 2002–2004, and 2006 (decrease). Mortality and lethality resembled morbidity except for 1977– 1978 (decrease) and 2002–2005 (increase). Prehospital mortality and lethality significantly exceeded in-hospital deaths. Lethal outcomes after MI exceeded deaths from alcohol abuse by 2-3 times. Mortality and lethality decrease during period of unchanged morbidity suggested improved management of cardiac care; increase in mortality and lethality at a time of decreased morbidity indicated deterioration of medical assistance for cardiac patients. No changes in behavioral and somatic risk factors were found during 1977–2009. Significant increase in levels of psychosocial risk factors was documented.Conclusion. MI morbidity, mortality, and lethality rates are the markers of increasing social stress in population. Deaths from MI have been the main component of the increase in mortality in Russia.

Aim. To study prevalence rates of vital exhaustion and its effects on 14-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (arterial hypertension (AH), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke) development and genetic traits in open population of 25–64-yearold men in Russia/Siberia (West Siberia metropolis, Novosibirsk).Material and methods. Random representative sample of 25–64-year-old men was studied in a framework of WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Program (MOPSY) in 1994. Maastricht Questionnaire (MQ) was used to assess vital exhaustion. Genotyping for variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms in DRD4 and DAT genes was performed. All new cases of AH, MI, and stroke were registered among people without CVD for 14 years (from 1994 to 2008). Statistical analysis was done by using software package SPSS 11.5. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for evaluation of risk coefficient (hazard ratio (HR) taking into account time-adjusted control. Х2 test was used to assess statistical significance of differences between the groups.Results. In the study population, the vital exhaustion rate was 66,8%. Hazard ration was significantly increased (AH: HR=3,2; MI: HR=2,7; stroke: HR=3,2) in men with vital exhaustion compared with vital exhaustion-free individuals in open population during the first five years of observation. Multifactorial modeling showed that vital exhaustion together with concomitant social gradient determined development of AH, MI, and stroke in open population of 25–64-year-old men. Allele 7 of DRD4 and genotype 9/9 of DAT gene were associated with high level of vital exhaustion.Conclusion: Open population of 25–64-year-old men (Russia/Siberia, Novosibirsk) showed high level of vital exhaustion, a predictor for risk of developing CVD. Vital exhaustion is significantly associated with certain VNTR polymorphisms of DRD4 and DAT gens.

Aim. To determine the effects of stress at workplace on the risks (HR: hazard ratio) of development of myocardial infarction and stroke in open population of 25-64-yearold women in Russia/Siberia (Novosibirsk).Material and methods. Random representative sample of 25-64-year-old women (n=870) was examined in a framework of WHO MONICA-Psychosocial program in one of Novosibirsk districts. Stress at workplace was studied by using the Karasek scale; attitudes to work and prophylactic exams were studied by using the scale of “Knowledge and attitude towards one’s own health” of WHO MONICA-Psychosocial program. During 16 years (1994-2010), all first-time cases of myocardial infarction and stroke were studied in the cohort based on the WHO program of Register of Acute Myocardial Infarction and all available documentation. Cox regression model was used for determination of myocardial infarction and stroke risk over 16 years of follow-up.Results. Prevalence rate of high level of stress in open population of 25-64-yearold women was 31,6%. High levels of stress at work were associated with high levels of responsibility, inability to get rest at the end of workday, frequent professional dissatisfaction, and decreased working ability. For 16 years, HR was by 3,22 times higher for myocardial infarction (p

Anxiety is considered as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Relationships between genetic markers of anxiety and risk of developing CVD remain unknown.Aim. The objectives of the study were to determine trait anxiety prevalence; to find associations between trait anxiety and VNTR polymorphisms in the DRD4 and DAT genes; and to calculate Hazard retio (HR) for developing arterial hypertension (AH), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke.Material and methods. Representative sample of 25-64-year-old males (n=2149) was examined in three screening studies in a framework of the WHO MONICA program and MONICA-psychosocial subprogram in Novosibirsk in 1984, 1988, and 1994. All first time MI, AH, and stroke events were registered from 1984 to 2008. Genotyping of VNTR polymorphism was performed for DRD4 and DAT genes. Anxiety levels were evaluated by using the Spielberger’s test. Stratified Cox proportional regression model was used for Hazard ratio (HR) estimation.Results. High level of anxiety (HLA) in an open male population was 50,9%. The DRD4 genotype 4/6 and DAT genotype 9/9 were significantly associated with HLA. HLA increased CVD risk. HR for developing AH and stroke was maximal during the first five years of the study, whereas maximal risk of developing MI was found for 10-year period.Conclusion. Prevalence of HLA in an open 25-64-year-old male population in Novosibirsk was high. Rates of HLA were significantly associated with certain VNTR polymorphisms in the DRD4 and DAT genes. HLA were associated with increased risk of developing CVD.

The aim of the study was to provide a population assessment of cognitive impairment patterns in a representative sample of 25–44 year old men and women living in Western Siberia with metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim of the study is to study the features of the interrelationships of conventional and nonconventional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (RF CVD), molecular genetic markers with the state of cognitive functions (CF), objective–subjective index of CF in an open population in persons aged 14–17, 25–44 years (Novosibirsk). Material and methods: A singlestage population survey of a random representative sample of 25–44 year olds of both sexes (1503 people) permanently residing in Western Siberia (Novosibirsk) was performed. The study of the state of cognitive functions was conducted in 1009 people: 463 men (45.9 %) and 546 women (54.1 %). The object of the study was random representative samples of the population of Novosibirsk, formed during the screenings of the NIITPM branch of the ICIG SB RAS. The paper uses materials from a one-stage population survey of adolescents (screenings 2009–2010 and 2019) and persons aged 25–44 years (screening 2013–2016). According to the methods standardized during the screening, the following were performed: a 10-word memorization test, a proof-reading test, and a concept exclusion test. Anthropometric measurements were carried out. Determination of the levels of lipid fractions was carried out according to standardized methods. Genotyping of rs2464196 HNF1A and rs11212617 ATM was carried out using real-time PCR. Results. In the examined samples of Novosibirsk residents aged 14–17 and 25–44 years, statistically significant negative associations of RF CVD with neurodynamic CF were observed. Proatherogenic conventional RF CVD had a negative impact on attention and thinking patterns (among the most significant were the content of total cholesterol (odds ratio (OR) 0.996; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 0.993–1,000; p = 0.043), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 0.994; 95 % CI 0.990–0.998; p = 0.002)). The factors reducing the risk of deterioration of CF in 25–44 year olds were the presence of higher education (OR 2,350; 95 % CI 1,442–3,828; p = 0.001), female (OR 2,068; 95 % CI 1,552–2,754; p < 0.0001). In the cohort analysis, it was revealed that the studied conventional RF CVD undergo statistically significant changes in the direction of their increase during adulthood over the past 5 years (p < 0.05). It was shown that metabolic syndrome (MS) occurred in every fourth person tested for CF (26.06 %), while the values of cognitive tests were higher in people without MS compared to those who were diagnosed with MS (p < 0,05). Smoking had a negative effect on the memory pattern, causing a deterioration in the memorization of words (OR 1,071; 95 % CI 1,012–1,133); (p = 0.017). The deterioration of memory, attention and thinking patterns in the presence of workplace stress and low professional status, – important unconventional RF CVD, – has been established (p < 0.05)). Conclusion. In the open population of adolescents and young people (25–44 years old), a statistically significant deterioration of cognitive patterns was found in the presence of the studied conventional and non-conventional RF CVD.

The aim of the study was to provide a population assessment of cognitive impairment patterns in a representative sample of 25–44-year-old men and women living in Western Siberia with metabolic syndrome (MS). Material and methods. A cross-sectional population survey of a random representative sample of 25–44-year-olds of both sexes (1503 people) permanently residing in Western Siberia (Novosibirsk) was performed. The study of cognitive functions was conducted in 1009 people: 463 men (45.9 %) and 546 women (54.1 %). A 10-word memorization test was performed according to the methodology proposed by A.R. Luria (unified for screening purposes), with subsequent reproduction after interfering tasks (recall), a proof-reading test (a letter modification of the Bourdon test used for screening purposes), as well as the exclusion of concepts (a verbal version of the test). The MS criteria (VNOK, 2009) were used: FROM > 80 cm in women and > 94 cm in men and 2 of the following criteria: blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg, TG content ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, HDL-C < 1.0 mmol/L in men and < 1.2 mmol/L in women, LDL-C > 3.0 mmol/L, plasma hyperglycemia > 6.1 mmol/L. Results. In the surveyed sample of residents of In Novosibirsk, 25–44 years old, MS occurred in every fourth person tested for cognitive functions (26.06 %): 148 men (31.96 %) and 115 women (21.06 %), MS occurred more often in women than in men. With age, there is an increase in the frequency of MS in both sexes (p < 0.05). For MS, statistically significant associations are shown with direct memorization (1st memorization experience, p = 0.025), the number of directly memorized words (p = 0.015) and with delayed reproduction of words after an interfering task (p = 0.015) in the 10-word memorization test by A.R. Luria. The average rank, as well as the average values of these cognitive tests, were higher in individuals without MS compared to those with MS diagnosed. There were no links between MS and the indicators of the proofreading test. There were also no statistically significant associations of MS with the number of animals named in 1 min in the speech activity test when studying semantically mediated associations. Conclusion. In a population study of young people (25–44 years old) for the first time in Russia/A statistically significant deterioration of cognitive memory patterns in individuals with MS components has been proven in Siberia (Novosibirsk). This confirms the importance of the «cerebrovascular continuum» in the genesis of cognitive impairment at a young age.

The validity of the use of a subjective-objective indicator of health as a significant indicator of its association with the prevalence of coronary artery disease is shown in both domestic and foreign scientific literature. At the same time, the subjective-objective indicator of health, and first of all, the attitude to one's health, is recognized as an indicator of a lifestyle that establishes the interpretation of conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease and interest in preventive measures at the population level. Purpose: to determine the attitude towards one's health in the age range and in groups with and without coronary artery disease in an open population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia in terms of gender. Material and methods. Cross–sectional studies were carried out in the framework of two cardiac screenings on unorganized subpopulations of men and women 25–64 years old in Tyumen (with responses 85.0 and 70.3 %, respectively). The isolation of various forms of coronary heart disease was carried out on the basis of standard epidemiological methods, the comparison group was defined as the absence of coronary heart disease. The attitude of the population to their health was established using a rigidly standardized WHO questionnaire MONICApsychosocial «Knowledge and attitude to the health». Results. In the open population of a moderately urbanized city of Western Siberia, with a predominance among women, a low level of attitude towards their health was established, the prevalence of low responsibility for their health in the gender aspect took place in the third, fourth and sixth decades of life. Negative attitudes towards their health among persons of both sexes were determined mainly in groups with CHD; in women, the tendency towards a decrease in responsibility for their health was more pronounced than in men. Conclusion. When planning a preventive program for the population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia, taking into account the priority impact on the subjective-objective indicator of population health, the implementation of the population strategy will probably not be enough. Taking into consideration the obtained regularities of the growth of negative attitudes towards their health among women, especially in groups with the presence of coronary heart disease, along with the population strategy, it would be optimal to use a high-risk strategy.

Purpose of the study: the aim of this work is to assess the association of 7 SNPs (rs499818 of the PHACTR1 gene, rs619203 of the ROS1 gene, rs10757278 (xr. 9), rs1376251 of the TAS2R50 gene, rs2549513 (xp. 16), rs4804611 of the ZNF627 gene and rs17465637 гена MIA3) with the severity of myocardial infarction. Materials and methods. Three samples were taken as objects of research. A population sample of patients with non-fatal MI (200 people: men – 129, women – 71), a sample of participants in the HAPIEE project with developed MI during the study (94 people: men – 56, women – 38). A sample of patients with myocardial infarction admitted to the intensive care unit of the city clinical hospital № 1. The sample size was 159 people (112 men, 47 women). The following SNPs were taken into the study: rs499818 (xp. 6), rs619203 of the ROS1 gene, rs10757278 (xr. 9), rs1376251 of the TAS2R50 gene, rs2549513 (xr. 16), rs4804611 of the ZNF627 gene and rs174653. To assess the association of SNP and the severity of the disease, we compared a population sample of patients with non-fatal MI versus a joint group from a sample of HAPIEE project participants with developed MI during the study, and a sample of MI patients admitted to the intensive care unit of City Clinical Hospital No 1. Results. For two SNPs, statistically significant differences in genotype frequencies were obtained: rs10757278 AA vs AG + GG OR = 0.61 CI 0.39–0.94; p = 0.027 and rs619203 of the ROS1 gene in a group of men for genotype GG vs CG + CCOS = 0.59 CI 0.37–0.94; p = 0.033. Conclusions. The associations of seven SNPs were studied, which, according to international studies, are associated with the risk of development, poor prognosis and the severity of myocardial infarction in the population of residents of the city of Novosibirsk. Two SNPs (rs10757278 and rs619203) were identified, which are associated with the severity of myocardial infarction.

Aim. To establish associations of the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and factors of psychoemotional stress in men of the open urban population in the age group 4564 years after two decades of life. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional epidemiological study using a model of the city of Tyumen was conducted on a representative sample of the population among males of mature age (4564 years). Based on standard epidemiological methods, IHD was established according to strict epidemiological criteria definite IHD. The study of the factors of psycho-emotional stress (depression, hostility, life exhaustion) was carried out according to the algorithms of the World Health Organization program MONICA-psychosocial. When calculating the odds ratio for the development of IHD, a low level of psycho-emotional stress factors was regarded as the absence of a sign, a combination of medium and high levels as a presence. Results. The prevalence of ischemic heart disease in the open population (on the model of Tyumen) according to strict epidemiological criteria in men aged 4554 years was 8.2%, at the age of 5564 years 19.2%, a predominance of painless form of ischemic heart disease was revealed. According to the levels of factors of psychoemotional stress in mature men, mainly the average level of depression and life exhaustion, a high level of hostility were established. In men of an open population (on the model of Tyumen), depending on the psychoemotional stress, a high risk of developing a certain coronary heart disease was established in the age categories 4554 and 5564 years old in the presence of depression, at the age of 5564 years in the presence of hostility or life exhaustion. Conclusion. Consequently, the data obtained indicate the importance of further studying the factors of psychoemotional stress in men of mature age in Siberian populations, their relationships with conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease, as well as the advisability of preventive measures aimed at weakening the influence of not only conventional risk factors, but also factors of psycho-emotional stress. among the Russian population.

Background. The literature data on the frequency of cognitive complaints in cardiovascular pathology, in particular, in hypertension in young and middle-aged women in an open population, remain poorly studied to date. Objective. To examine the frequency of cognitive complaints in young and middle-aged women associated with hypertension in an open population of Novosibirsk. Methods. Using the method of questioning, we obtained information about the cognitive complaints in 546 young and middle-aged women - residents of Novosibirsk. Cognitive complaints assessed included: 1. «I don't remember what I put where»; 2. «I don’t recognize people I know»; 3. «I find it difficult to concentrate when I read»; 4. «I am doing everything very slowly.» The analysis of contingency tables and methods of logistic regression (univariate analysis) were performed. Results. In women under the age of 45, a statistically significant association of the above cognitive complaints with hypertension was revealed; it was independent of age and educational level. Conclusion. The analysis of cognitive complaints at the young and middle-aged persons can be of great interest for the detailed development of preventive and therapeutic measures for arterial hypertension in women.

BACKGROUND: Determine the effect of personal anxiety, sleep disorders on the 15-year risk of developing (RR) diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 among men (M) 45-69 years in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk). METHODS: In 2003–2005 As part of the IV screening of the international epidemiological study “HAPIEE”, a representative sample of m 45–69 years was examined (n=781 M, mean age-56.48±0.20 years, response – 61.00%). The level of personal anxiety (PA) was assessed using the Spielberger scale (HPA – high, MPA – medium, LPA – low). With the help of the scale “Knowledge and attitude to one’s health”, the level of sleep disorders (SD) was assessed. The period of observation of the cohort was 15 years. To check the statistical significance of the differences between the groups, the Pearson χ2 test was used. For risk assessment, Cox-regression single-factor and multivariate regression proportional hazards model was used (Cox-­regression). RESULTS: Among persons with the first occurrence of DM type 2, HPA at the screening was 59.50%, and 63.30% had SD. The combination of HPA and SD was significant among M with the first-onset diabetes mellitus. During the 15-year period, among M with HLA, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes was 1.60 times higher than without. Among people with SD, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes was 2.40 times higher than without. In Cox – the proportional multifactor model, each variable had its own independent influence. HPA increased the RR DM of the 2nd type by 1.90 times, and SD – by 2.80 times. CONCLUSION: It was established that a high level of PA and SD are independent predictors of type 2 diabetes, moreover, with SD, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes is higher than with a high level of PA.

Objective: to study the association of hostility with high and low-active variants of the MAOA gene in an open population of men 45-64 years old. Using the methods proposed by the WHO International Program “MONICA-psychosocial” and “HAPIEE”, a representative sample of men aged 45–64 years old (n = 781 men, average age was 56.48 ± 0.2 years) in 2003-2005. All respondents independently completed a questionnaire on hostility. From the surveyed sample, using the random number method, 156 men were selected who were genotyped for MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism. It was approved that the level of hostility in the population of men was 60.3%. It was revealed that among persons with low-active alleles of the MAOA-L gene (allele 2 and 3) a high level of hostility was more common — 50.9%. The results of building a logistic regression model showed that the presence of low-active alleles (2; 3) of the MAOA gene increases the likelihood of hostility OR = 2,103 (95% CI 1,137-3,889, p = 0.018). The results obtained allow us to conclude that the low-active allele of the MAOA-L gene is associated with hostility.

Aim. To determine the gender differentiation and dynamics for 22 years of psychosocial factors (PSF) of the risk of cardiovascular disease among the population aged 25-64 years in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk). Materials and methods. Representative samples of the population of the city of Novosibirsk under the program of the World Health Organization “MONICA-MOPSY” in 1994-1995 were examined. III screening (men - 657, women - 870, 25-64 years old); IV screening project HAPIEE in 2003-2005 (men - 576, women - 1074, 45-64 years old) and V screening in 2013-2016. (men - 427, women - 548, 25-44 years old). We used Spielberger tests, MONICA-MOPSY tests, the Breckman - Sim test, the “Knowledge and attitude to your health” questionnaire. Results. In an open population of 25-64 years old, high levels of anxiety (T), depression (D), life exhaustion (LM), and hostility (B) were higher in women than in men. In the group of 55-64 years over 10 years, women have increased personality T, decreased D and LM. Over 22 years, in the group of 25-34 years, men and women decreased T and MI, but D and B increased, while women decreased T, LM and B and D. grew. Low and high close contact indices were higher among men. A low index of social ties prevailed in men, and a high index in women. High levels of stress in the family were more common in women, and at work - in men. For 10 years, the level of stress in the family and at work in men has decreased. Sleep disorders in the population in all age groups were more often in women. Conclusion. It was found that women have significantly higher PSF than men, with the exception of stress at work. The decrease in PSF in women and men in the dynamics

Attitude to health is a complex of social and medical aspects that reflect the subjective health self-assessment of (SZ) by the population, awareness of risk factors (RF) of non-communicable diseases, as well as the level of population involvement in the process of health promotion. A separate category among these parameters is the health selfassessment as an indicator that closely correlates with the human physical health. The aim of the study was to determine the gender characteristics of self-assessment of health status in the open population of the mid-urbanized city of Western Siberia. Material and methods. An one-time epidemiological study was conducted as part of cardiac screening for an open urban population of 25–64 years old among males and females of working age (on the model of Tyumen). The study of health self-assessment, physical complaints, as well as health care evaluation was conducted using a standard questionnaire WHO «MONICA-psychosocial» «Knowledge and attitude to own health». Results. In the open population of the middle urbanized city of Western Siberia, the extremely low men health self-assessment, compared with women, prevails in the older group of 55–64 years old. In the female population the negative health self-assessment and physical complaints totally prevail in young and mature age. Approximately 10 % of the Tyumen population determined adequate own health care (predominantly women of 35–44 years old); men aged 25–34 show a greater desire for own health care. Conclusion. A subjective-objective indicator of the population health, where the health self-assessment holds a unique position, requires active study in populations and can serve as a scientific basis for the development and formation of socially oriented preventive programs that take into account gender and age characteristics and risks.

A number of studies have shown that social support has a direct positive effect on health, since it plays the role of a buffer that alleviates psychosocial and physical stresses. The aim of the study was to establish associations of the prevalence of coronary heart disease and levels of social support in men of an open population of a mid-urbanized Siberian city. Material and methods. In order to conduct a one-stage epidemiological study on an open urban population using the «random number» method, a representative sample was drawn from the electoral lists among males aged 25–64 years of the Central Administrative District of Tyumen. The sample included 1000 people, four age categories by decades of life (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64 years). The response to cardiac screening was 85.0 %. Social support was assessed by the Berkman – Syme test in two positions: the close contact index (ICC) and the social link index (SNI). The conclusion about the presence of coronary artery disease was conducted according to strict and extended epidemiological criteria. The «defined» coronary heart disease, «possible» coronary heart disease and coronary heart disease have been allocated according to expanded epidemiological criteria. Results and discussion. In the open population of the mid-urbanized Siberian city (on the model of Tyumen), men of working age with the presence of coronary heart disease were found mostly low level of social support mainly due to the low social link index. The results obtained in the open population of Tyumen in relation to social support and its association with the prevalence of coronary heart disease can serve as the scientific basis for conducting targeted socially-oriented preventive measures among working-age men in other urbanmedium-sized Siberian cities.

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of stress on work on the risk of cardiovascular disease over a 16-year period in an open population of 25-64 years in Russia/Siberia. Materials and methods. A random representative sample of the population of both sexes of 25-64 years old in Novosibirsk in 1994 (men: n=657, 44.3±0.4 years, response - 82.1%, women: n=689, 45.4±0.4 years, response - 72.5%). The screening survey program included: registration of socio-demographic data, determination of stress at work (Karazek scale). The period of prospective follow-up of participants was 16 years. The study identified the following "end points": the first cases of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke. Results. A high level of stress at work was in 29.5% of men and 31.6% of women, the average level in 48.9% of men and 50.7% of women (χ2=2.574, υ=2, p=0.276). The risk of developing MI for a 16-year period, among people experiencing stressful situations at work, was: in men, HR=3.592, and women HR=3.218 (95% CI 1.146-9.042); stroke risk - among men, HR=2.603 (95% CI 1.06-4.153) in women HR=1.956 (95% CI 1.008-3.795). In multivariate analysis, in men with stress at work, the risk of MI among men was HR=1.15 (95% CI 0.6-2.2), among women - HR=2.543 (95% CI 1.88-7.351); risk of stroke, was in men, HR=3.8 (95% CI 1.6-8.8), in women - HR=1.95 (95% CI 0.984-3.887). The risk of stroke was higher among single, divorced and widowed men, HR=4.2 (95% CI 1.5-13.2), and in women with secondary or primary education, HR=3 (95% CI 0.852-11.039). Conclusion. It was established that a high level of stress at work is not gender-specific; the risk of developing MI over a 16-year period is higher in women than in men, stroke in men; the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in both sexes is affected by the social gradient.

The aim of the study was to determine the levels of depression and life exhaustion in men and women of the open urban population in the age range. Materials and methods. A single-stage epidemiological study was conducted among people of both sexes aged 25-64 in Tyumen. A representative sample was formed from the electoral lists of citizens by the method of "random numbers" - 2000 men and women with a response among men 85.0%, among women - 70.3%. The study of depression was conducted according to the algorithms of the program of the world health organization "MONICA-psychosocial". Results. The prevalence of depression in the Tyumen population and in the age and sex groups showed a predominance of the average level over the high, in the age categories 25-34 and 35-44 years - significantly higher prevalence of high levels of depression in women. The higher prevalence of the average level of men and women IN the open population was determined to be relatively high. The average level of LIFE significantly prevails in women in the older age categories and in the population as a whole, the high level of LIFE - at the age of 25-34 years in women and at the age of 55-64 years in men. Conclusion. Therefore, in the open population of the middle-urbanized Siberian city there is a need to form an integrated approach to the prevention of non-infectious diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, as it is established that prevention programs lead to a reduction in the burden of depression and, and effective approaches to the prevention of psycho-emotional States at the level of individual communities include school-oriented programs to teach positive thinking among the population, starting from a young age.

Aim: to form a panel of genetic markers for analyzing the risk of long-term adverse prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in Russia population. Material and methods. A sample of nine hundred individuals was formed within the framework of the HAPIEE project (age 45-69 years, middle age 53.9 ± 6.9, male/female - 50/50). Molecular genetic analysis was performed using PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for the APOC3 gene rs5128 polymorphism, APOE gene rs429358 and rs7412, CETP gene rs708272, LPL gene rs320, SCARB1 gene rs5888, and SREBF2 gene rs2228314 . Results. 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed for the inclusion in the risk model of adverse prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in Russia population. The APOE gene e4/e4 genotype (rs429358 and rs7412) was associated with the development of adverse cardiovascular outcomes for 7 years of observation. For the CETP gene rs708272, the association with the development of cases of fatal myocardial infarction for 7 years of observation was demonstrated for the genotypes carrying C allele. No statistically significant association with the risk of adverse prognosis of cardiovascular diseases was obtained for the APOC3 gene rs5128, LPL gene rs320, SCARB1 gene rs5888, and SREBF2 gene rs2228314 in this pilot study. Conclusions. Pilot data on the presence of statistically significant association with the risk of long-term adverse prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in Russia population were obtained for the APOE and CETP genes.

Objective: to study the association polimorfizma-G308A gene tumor necrosis factor TNF-α and sleep disturbances in the male population aged 25-64 in metropolis of Western Siberia (Novosibirsk). Methods: Under the III screening of the WHO program «MONICA-psychosocial» a representative sample of men 25-64 years were surveyed (n = 657 men, mean age - 44, 3 ± 0,4 years responsum - 82.1%) in 1994 in Novosibirsk. For assessment of sleep levels scale Jenkins was used. Procedures have been standardized and strictly comply with the requirements of the protocol of the «MONICA». Genotyping of polymorphisms studied gene-G308A tumor necrosis factor TNF-α was conducted in the laboratory of molecular genetic in Research Internal Medicine and Preventive Medicine. Statistical analysis was performed using the software package «SPSS-11,5». Results: The level of sleep disorders in the male population aged 25-64 was 48.3%: evaluation of sleep as «fair» was 39.6%, «bad» - 7.6%, «very bad» - 1.1%. Genotype G/G gene TNF-α was in 79.1% of individuals, the genotype A/G - 19% of cases and genotype A/A was in 1.9% of men. Men carrying the genotype G/G of TNF-α gene are more likely to assess their sleep as «good» (98.3%), compared to those carrying other genotypes. In contrast subjects with heterozygous genotype A/G of TNF-α gene are more likely to estimate their sleep as «fair» (30%) than «good» (15.2%) in all groups. Conclusion: It was determined a heterozygous genotype A/G of TNF-a gene is most frequently associated with sleep disorders.

The aim of the study was to establish associations of the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD), metabolic syndrome (MS) and arterial hypertension (AH) with family stress in open male population of Tyumen aged 25-64 years. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted on representative sample of 1000 individuals (250 in every 4 decades: 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64 years) formed from the election list of males in one of the administrative districts of Tyumen. The response to cardiac screening was 85.0% - 850 patients. Different types of CAD were defined based on standard methods in epidemiological surveys. "Certain" CAD and "possible" CAD were determined according to extended epidemiological criteria. IDF criteria (2005) were used for the MS assessment, AH was considered as a component of the MS. A questionnaire of WHO MONICA «Knowledge and attitude to health» was used to analyze stress in families. The results of the study showed that more than 80% of males in open urban population, mostly older individuals, had a stable marital status last twelve months, while one-third of the male population had conflicts in their families and the fifth part did not have the opportunity to relax at home. Male patients with CAD had family stress more frequently during last 12 months on extended epidemiological criteria. In the open male population aged 25-64 years with MS and AH there was found more stable marital status versus comparison groups. Conclusion. Standardized methods and the accumulated database should be used to continue objective monitoring of the epidemiological situation of cardiovascular diseases and psychosocial risk factors in open urban population during regional preventive program.

Aim. To identify gender differences in the prevalence of depression in an open population of individuals aged 25—64 years and to evaluate its impact on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the population of Siberia. Subjects and methods. A random representative sample of a 25—64-year-old Novosibirsk population (657 men and 689 women) was surveyed within the framework of the third screening of the WHO MONICA-psychosocial program in 1994. The screening program included sociodemographic data registration and depression detection. Over a 16-year study period, women had myocardial infarction (MI) in 15 cases and stroke in 35 cases and men had these conditions in 30 and 22 cases, respectively. Results. In the open 25—64-year-old population, depression was detected in 54.5% of the women and in 29% of the men; major depression was present in 11.8% of the women and 3.1% of the men (χ2=66.724; υ=2; p=0.0001). The risk of MI in the depressed patients was higher in the women (hazard ratio (HR)=2.5) than in the men (HR=2); when social parameters and age are included in the model, only a trend towards the impact of depression on the risk of MI persisted in the women (HR=3.4; p>0.05) and the men were observed to have a 1.6-fold higher risk for MI. The greatest risk of MI was seen in the men (HR=6.8) and women (HR=6.3) at the age of 55—64 years, as well as in the men who had incomplete secondary or primary education (HR=3.2); in blue-collar workers (HR=6.7), in the men who were single (HR=3.6), divorced (HR=4.5), or widowed (HR=6). The risk of stroke in the depressed patients during a 16-year study period was greater in the men (HR=5.8) than in the women (HR=4.6); after adjusting for age and social gradient, the risk of stroke in the women was higher in both the population and those who were aged 55—64 years (HR=8.5 and 6.9, respectively) than that in the men (HR=4.2 and 3.1, respectively). Among the men, the risk of stroke was higher in those who had primary education (HR=8.8), were widowed (HR=8.4) or divorced (HR=2.7). Conclusion. The women are much more susceptible to depression than are the men. The risk of MI with depression is higher in the women than in the men; at the same time, the risk of stroke is higher in the men than in the women. The picture is opposite in the older age group. The risk of CVD in the depressed men is exacerbated by a social gradient; these relationships have not been revealed in the women.

Objective: Тo determine the effect of a high level of personal anxiety on the difference in the risk of myocardial infarction (HR) and stroke in men and women in an open population of 25-64 years in Novosibirsk. Material and methods: A random representative sample of the population aged 25-64 years of Novosibirsk in 1994 (men n = 657, women n = 870) was examined in the framework of the III screening of the WHO MONICA-psychosocial program. The program included: registration of socio - demographic data, identification of personal anxiety (LT). Over a 16-year period, new cases of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke were in women 15 and 35 cases; In men 30 and 22 cases, respectively. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 11.5 software package. The criterion χ2 was used, for the development risk assessment (HR) - Cox-regression model (Cox-regression). Reliability in all types of analysis was adopted at a significance level of p ≤ 0,05. Results: In an open population of 25-64 years, VUT was defined in 59.9 % of women and 50.9 % of men. In the Cox single-factor model, after 16 years, HRM in persons with VUT was higher among women than among men (HR = 4.19 and HR = 3.7, respectively), and stroke was higher in men than in women (HR = 4.43 and HR = 3.5, respectively). In the multifactorial model of Cox in 55-64-year-old people, the influence of VUT on HRM was preserved, which was higher in women than in men (HR = 5.95, HR = 3.56, respectively). The greatest HR stroke, in the presence of VUT, was in divorced (HR = 5,017) and widowed men (HR = 3,848), aged 55-64 years (HR = 5,8). Among women, such patterns were not revealed. Conclusion: The prevalence of VUT among the population is more than 50 % and higher in women than in men . The risk of MI development over a 16-year period was higher in women, and in stroke in men.

Objective: To determine the risk of developing diseases associated with atherosclerosis (myocardial infarction and stroke) in men and women with vital exhaustion in general in population 25-64 years in Russia / Siberia. Material and methods: In the III screening WHO program «MONICA-psychosocial» surveyed a random representative sample of the population aged 25-64 in Novosibirsk in 1994 (men = 657, women = 870). The program screened survey included: registration of socio-demographic data, identification VE. For a 16 year period it revealed a myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in women cases (15 and 35) and male (30 and 22). Results. VE level were: men 66.8 % (-14.6 % high), 75.7 % in women (44.4 % higher). The risk of MI among men with VE was HR=2. We did not get the effect of VE on the risk MI among women. RR of MI in persons with VE were higher among divorced women HR = 5.4, than men HR = 4.7. Risk MI was higher in men with VE: primary education HR = 2.2; have never married HR = 3.7, widowed male HR = 7, in 45-54 years HR = 3.8 and HR = 55-64 5.9. In women, these associations have been identified. Risk of stroke in patients with VE were higher in women HR = 3.34, than men HR=3.1. Risk stroke was higher only in men with VE: with incomplete secondary - primary education HR = 4.8; men, divorced HR = 3.8, widowed men at HR = 3.6. Risk of stroke among people older than 55 years was higher in women HR = 2.9, than men HR = 2.4. Conclusion: Prevalence of VE was higher in women than in men. Vital exhaustion is a predictor of MI in men and stroke in both genders. VE has a large prevalence among the population aged 25-64 years, and higher in women than in men. VE is a predictor of atherosclerosis-associated diseases: myocardial infarction greater in men than in women and stroke in both sexes.

Aim. To establish the population characteristics of the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the age range of 25—64-year-old males in an average urbanized Siberian town. Subjects and methods. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in a representative sample of the electorate of a Tyumen administrative district among 1000 males, with 250 being in each of 4 life decades (25—34, 35—44, 45—54, and 55—64 years). There were 850 (85%) responses. The IDF criteria (2005) were used to evaluate MS. Results. In the Tyumen open population of 25—64-year-old men, the population characteristics of systolic blood pressure (BP) and waist circumference (WC) were shifted to the right in the normal distribution range, which determined the high prevalence of hypertension and abdominal obesity (AO). In the 25—64-year-old men with the high prevalence of hypertension (a standardized rate of 59.8%) and AO (a standardized rate of 42.6%), the age was positively related to systolic BP in the third to fifth decades of life, diastolic BP, and WC at all ages. Conclusion. Examining the epidemiological situation regarding the prevalence of MS components necessitates the elaboration of a scientifically sound prevention program in the specific conditions of an average urbanized Siberian town.

Aim: replication of association the SNPs with myocardial infarction (identified in recent GWAS) as markers of risk for myocardial infarction (MI) in a Siberian population. Methods: Group of MI patients and control group (ratio 1:2) were formed on the sample of population 45–69 years old resident of Novosibirsk (9400 people), which was collected in international project HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe). A total of 94 patients (60 men and 34 women with myocardial infarction after study HAPIEE). Control group: individuals without MI (420), matched for age and sex. Genomic DNA was extracted from venous blood by phenol-chloroform extraction. Polymorphism of genes tested by real-time PCR according to the protocol producer firms (probes TaqMan, Applied Biosystems, USA) on the instrument ABI 7900HT. The study was taken following SNPs: rs499818, rs619203, rs10757278 and rs1333049 (hr. 9), rs1376251, rs2549513, rs4804611, rs17465637. Results: Rs10757278 and rs1333049 for the show were the association with MI OR = 1.78 (95 % CI 1.07–2.97 p = 0.03 GGvsSS + CG), and SS OR = 1.78 (95 % CI 1.07–3.02 p = 0.03 SSvsGS + GG ), respectively. Just for rs1376251 (TAS2R50) shows protective role in relation to them TT OR = 0.22 (95 % CI 0.05–0.91 p = 0.02 TTvsCC + CT), for the remaining SNPs statistically valid data has been received. Conclusion: Thus in this study were confirmed by the association rs1333049 (Mts. 9), rs10757278 (Mts. 9) with myocardial infarction and shows the new relationship with Russia for myocardial infarction for rs1376251 (TAS2R50).

Aim. To determine the impact of workplace stress on the hazard ratio (HR) of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in an open female population aged 25—64 years in Russia/Siberia (Novosibirsk) for 16 years. Subjects and methods. A random representative sample of 25-64-year-old women (n=870) residing in a Novosibirsk district was surveyed within the framework of the WHO «MONICA-psychological» program. Workplace stress was investigated using the Karasek scale; an attitude towards work and health prophylactic examinations was studied applying the Health Awareness and Attitude questionnaire of the WHO «MONICA-psychological» program. For 16 years (1994 to 2010), a cohort of all new cases of MI and stroke was examined employing the WHO «Acute MI Registry» program and all possible medical records. The Cox regression model was used to determine HR for MI and stroke in the open female population aged 25—64 years for 16 years. Results. The prevalence of high-level stress in the open female population aged 25—64 years was 31.6%. The high level of job stress was associated with a high responsibility, impossibility to have a rest at the end of a working day, frequent professional dissatisfaction, and a reduced work capacity. During 16 years, the women having high-level job stress showed a 3.22- and 1.96-fold increases in the HR of MI (p

Aim. To establish gender differences in health attitudes and awareness of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in an open 25-64-year-old population of Russia/Siberia. Subjects and methods. A representative sample from the population of a Novosibirsk district was examined using the 1988 WHO MONICA-MOPSY (847 women and 739 men aged 25-64 years) and the 2003 HAPIEE (1074 women and 576 men aged 45-64 years) programs. The health awareness and attitudes questionnaire was used. Results. The number of persons who considered perfectly healthy was minimal (2%) in the open Siberian population aged 25-64 years. The view of health in the women proved to be more pessimistic than that in the men. The fact that two thirds of the population could fall ill with a serious disease in the coming 5-10 years was accepted. Mainly the men took the view that modern medicine might prevent heart disease. The men were regularly examined 2 to 3 times more often than the women. The latter versus the men were less frequently inclined to stop work if they felt not quite well on-site, with the difference being more marked in old age groups. The majority of the study participants considered preventive examination to be useful for health. At the same time only a small portion of the population itself undergoes examination. Conclusion. The changed socioeconomic situation in the country leads to the need to alter the established stereotypes of conscience and behavior of the population in health and to realize the need for personal responsibility for health.

Goal. Central aortic pressure (CAP) is regarded as a perspective indicator of the cardiovascular risk. It is interesting to study the association between the CAP and the components of the metabolic syndrome. Research methods. We studied 69 individuals (46 women and 23 men) aged 56–78 years: 34 – research participants of the population sampling of Novosibirsk and 35 – outpatients. The components of the metabolic syndrome was determined according to the criteria of RSC 2009. Central aortic pressure was determined on a Sphygmo Cor (At Cor Medical, Australia). Omron HEM9000AI device (Omron, Japan) was used to calibrate the instrument. Data was analyzed in the GLM. Results are presented as mean value with a measure of the variation as an average error. Results. Multivariate analysis with the simultaneous inclusion in the model age, sex, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia, hyper-beta-cholesterolemia, fasting hyperglycemia have revealed that only hypertriglyceridemia was a significant independent determinant of systolic and diastolic CAP (p = 0,014 and p = 0,008, respectively) from all of analyzed components. Findings. The results of the study indicate that the central aortic pressure, regardless of age and sex was associated with only one component of the metabolic syndrome – hypertriglyceridemia.

The purpose of the study. Study of influence of sleep disorders on the risk of stroke for 6 years in men aged 25–64 years. Materials and Methods. The WHO Programme «MONICA – psychosocial» in 1994 surveyed men aged 25–64 years, residents of one of the districts of Novosibirsk. A representative sample was formed according to the requirements of the protocol program «MONICA» The study included 657 men (mean age 44,3 ± 0,4). The response was 82.1 %. Socio-demographic and psychosocial indicators were recorded in accordance with the protocol: gender, professional and marital status, education level, and sleep disorders (test «MOPSY»), social support (test Brekman – Sim). Outcomes were considered for the first time encountered cases of fatal and non-fatal stroke in the cohort (47 cases) for 6 years (1994–2000). Statistical analysis was performed using the software package «SPSS-10» Cox proportional regression model was used to estimate the relative risk of stroke. Results. Among men arose stroke in 47.1 % of sleep evaluation was «good», 23.5 % – «satisfactory», 29.4 % «bad». The relative risk of stroke in men aged 25–64 for a 6-year period of time was in the 3.9 (p = 0.015) times higher in the evaluation of Sleep «bad» than «good». The relative risk of stroke in the assessment of sleep «bad» was higher in groups: people with incomplete secondary – primary education; hard or moderate physical labor; pensioners; persons evaluating index close contacts and social ties as low. Conclusion. The results suggest that sleep disorders contribute significantly to the risk of stroke. Therefore, measures are needed to reduce sleep disorders in the population.

AIM. To reveal an association of the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) with a high level of depression in the open population of 25-64-year-old men in an average urbanized Siberian town. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The survey was conducted on a representative sample formed from the voting list of 25-64-year-old men in one of the administrative districts of Tyumen. The standard WHO MONICA-psychosocial questionnaire was used to study associations of the prevalence of CHD and MS with a high level of depression within cardiologic screening. RESULTS. The age-adjusted prevalence of depression was 4.6% (a high rate) and 19% (a moderate rate) in the 25-64-year-old men of the average urbanized town of West Siberia. With advancing age, the high level of depression increased, peaking in a 55-64-year-old group. In high depression and CHD in the 25-64-year-old men, the odds ratio (OR) was 21.07 for high depression and 39.84 for a definite CHD form. High depression was significantly more common in MS patients in the open population of 25-64-year-old people of the average urbanized Siberian town and in the 55-64 year old age group. An association was found between high depression and a combination of MS components: a concurrence of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 13.13). Conclusion. The epidemiological criteria revealed by standardized survey methods for psychosocial factors, depression in particular, should be used during the preventive examinations of a male population and during the selection of able-bodied people with cardiovascular disease to undergo in-depth examination and follow-up.

The purpose of the study. Study of influence of sleep disorders on the risk of myocardial infarction within 8 years in men aged 25–64 years. Materials and Methods. The WHO Programme «MONICA – psychosocial” in 1994 was conducted a screening study of the male population aged 25-64 years residents of one of the districts of Novosibirsk. Cohort was monitored for 8 years (1994–2002) to determine the endpoint (myocardial infarction), statistical analysis was performed using the software package «SPSS-10.» Cox proportional regression model was used to estimate relative risk. Results. Only one third of men aged 25–64 years with newly emerged MI, regarded the dream as «good», and two thirds had sleep disorders. The relative risk of myocardial infarction in men aged 25–44 years during the 8-year period was 9.25 times higher than the assessment of sleep «bad» than «good», ie in this age group sleep disorders are one of the major factors leading to the occurrence of myocardial infarction; aged 45–64 years, these differences were not significant. The risk of myocardial infarction in patients with sleep disorders was higher in males widowed, divorced, those with low levels of social support, with the initial level of education, belonging to the group of working professionals and retirees. Conclusion. The results suggest that sleep disturbance, primarily a social problems, contributes significantly to the risk of myocardial infarction in men of the youngest age group.