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In this research, a 2 × 2 array pattern of EF shaped microstrip slot has woven on textile materials. These prototypes also diagnosed the depth of the cancer in the cancerous organ with the breast equivalent component of the composite model. The use of breast cancer has been explored in the Microwave Imaging (MI) process. For these wearable modules, there was no radiation at all on the human body. It assess the depth and the time of travel by the velocity of propagation, the distance between the cancerous organ and the transceiver antenna of cancerous tissues in the cancerous organ. Thus these recipes were derived from the cancerous organ in the Debye test bed. Thus, in the new Debye research beds the number of depth values validated and the depth cover in cancerous organ.

The chapter reviews the recent trends in dyeing of wool with natural dyes, and paves the way toward sustainability. An attempt has been made to investigate the possibility of wool dyeing with natural dye extracted from the Cinnamomum camphora middle-aged/mature leaves. Visually, a range of eco-friendly shades with quite different color gamut of varying hue and tone were produced via the application of different natural mordants. shells of onion (Allium cepa L.) have been used for the dyeing of the wool fabrics. Fermented dough extract (FDE) has been chosen as a natural mordant compound and the effect of pretreatment with the FDE is examined in terms of color strength and fastness values. It is observed that the pretreatment with FDE enhances not only the color strength of the dyed fabrics but also their brightness. An investigation on a novel coloring technique, based on laccase-mediated radical coupling of amino acid molecules of wool fibers, has been carried out. Response surface methodology was employed for optimization of natural dyeing of wool with henna leaves and yarrow flowers, by pretreatment with plasma. Wool yarn was treated with prepared chitosan-cyanuric chloride hybrid (Ch-Cy) and was checked for its capability to covalently react with wool, and its dyeing, color fastness, as well as antibacterial properties were also investigated. The studies considered improve dyeability, with enhanced properties and offer possible substitutes for existing chemicals that prove harmful and thereby contribute toward sustainability.

Aim: To assess the status of bovine brucellosis in an organized dairy with a past history of Brucella abortions and where Brucella control measures including test and removal, calf-hood vaccination (already present adult animals were not vaccinated), use of semen obtained from a screened bull and general hygienic measures helps in the control of brucellosis in the farm have been implemented for the past four years. Materials and Methods: A total of 195 samples including 89 blood samples, 89 serum samples and 17 milk samples were collected and analysed by isolation and identification, Polymerase chain Reaction (PCR), Milk Ring Test (MRT), Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), Standard Tube Agglutination Test (STAT) and Enzyme Linked Immnuno-Sorbent assay (ELISA). Results: On analysis, all the 89 blood and 17 milk samples turned out to be negative for culture and PCR. MRT and ELISA tests on all the 17 milk samples and STAT on all the 89 serum samples were also negative. The percent positives for Brucella antibodies in serum samples were 4.5 and 6.7 by RBPT and ELISA, respectively. Of the 17 vaccinated animals, 14 were negative by all the Brucella antigen and antibody diagnostic tests employed. Amongst the three vaccinated animals, one animal was positive by RBPT and I-ELISA and, two animals were positive by I-ELISA alone. On the other hand, of the 72 nonvaccinated animals, 65 were negative by all the diagnostic tests employed, three animals were positive by RBPT and 4 animals were positive by I-ELISA. Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that a combination of RBPT and I-ELISA can be successfully used for screening for brucellosis when the prevalence is low. Implementation of control measures including test and removal of the affected, calf-hood vaccination, use of semen obtained from a screened bull and general hygienic measures help in the control of brucellosis in the farm.

The kinetics of anti-listeriolysin O (ALLO) production in the goats experimentally infected with pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes vis-` a-vis isolation of the pathogen was studied. In the experimentally infected goats the pathogen was recovered during days 1–13, 2–14, and 4–5 post-inoculation (PI) in faecal, nasal and haemocultures, respectively. All the animals were culture negative on day 16 PI. Antibodies to LLO appeared by days 10–14 PI, peaked between days 11 and 25 days PI and persisted by end of study (day 80 PI) at a detectable level. Isolation of the pathogen was also attempted from meat and blood of 113 slaughtered goats besides testing of serum samples for ALLO by LLO-based indirect ELISA. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 7.08 and 1.77% of meat (113) and blood (113) samples of goat, respectively. Antibodies against LLO were detected in 21.68% serum samples collected from the slaughtered goats. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The incidence of skin cancer has been increasing at an alarming rate over the past several decades. While there are many factors involved in the onset of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, overexposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has clearly been identified as an important factor. Apart from avoidance of the sun, the most frequently used form of UV protection is the application of sunscreens. Secondly, the most frequently recommended form of UV protection is the use of hats, and proper selection of clothing. The ultraviolet properties of textiles dyed with synthetic dyes have been widely reported in literature. However, there are limited studies on the ultraviolet protection level of eco-friendly fabrics dyed with natural colorants. This study reports the Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) of bamboo fabric with three different knit structures dyed with natural colorants of plant origin. The bamboo fabrics were dyed with two natural colorants namely Annatto Gold and Eclipta Green. The dyeing parameters were optimised. The Ultraviolet Protection Factor of the fabric with respect to fabric construction, weight, thickness and dyeing was measured in-vitro using Ultraviolet Transmission Analyzer, standard AATCC – 183. The results indicate that there is positive correlation between the weight of the fabric and Ultraviolet Protection Factor. Similarly, thicker the fabric more is the protection. Dyeing with natural colorants dramatically increased the UV protection of all three fabric constructions. Thus, dyeing bamboo fabrics with natural colorants increases the ultraviolet protection of the fabrics and can be considered as an effective protection against ultraviolet rays.