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1. The Solar Orbiter SPICE Instrument An Extreme UV imaging spectrometer

Author

M. Anderson, T. Appourchaux, F. Auchère, R. Aznar Cuadrado, J. Barbay, F. Baudin, S. Beardsley, K. Bocchialini, B. Borgo, D. Bruzzi, E. Buchlin, G. Burton, V. Büchel, M. Caldwell, S. Caminade, M. Carlsson, W. Curdt, J. Davenne, J. Davila, C. E. DeForest, G. Del Zanna, D. Drummond, J. Dubau, C. Dumesnil, G. Dunn, P. Eccleston, A. Fludra, T. Fredvik, A. Gabriel, A. Giunta, A. Gottwald, D. Griffin, T. Grundy, S. Guest, M. Gyo, M. Haberreiter, V. Hansteen, R. Harrison, D. M. Hassler, S. V. H. Haugan, C. Howe, M. Janvier, R. Klein, S. Koller, T. A. Kucera, D. Kouliche, E. Marsch, A. Marshall, G. Marshall, S. A. Matthews, C. McQuirk, S. Meining, C. Mercier, N. Morris, T. Morse, G. Munro, S. Parenti, C. Pastor-Santos, H. Peter, D. Pfiffner, P. Phelan, A. Philippon, A. Richards, K. Rogers, C. Sawyer, P. Schlatter, W. Schmutz, U. Schühle, B. Shaughnessy, S. Sidher, S. K. Solanki, R. Speight, M. Spescha, N. Szwec, C. Tamiatto, L. Teriaca, W. Thompson, I. Tosh, S. Tustain, J.-C. Vial, B. Walls, N. Waltham, R. Wimmer-Schweingruber, S. Woodward, P. Young, A. De Groof, A. Pacros, D. Williams, and D. Müller

Subjects
Astronomy, Astrophysics
Abstract

Aims. The Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument is a high-resolution imaging spectrometer operating at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths. In this paper, we present the concept, design, and pre-launch performance of this facility instrument on the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission. Methods. The goal of this paper is to give prospective users a better understanding of the possible types of observations, the data acquisition, and the sources that contribute to the instrument’s signal. Results. The paper discusses the science objectives, with a focus on the SPICE-specific aspects, before presenting the instrument’s design, including optical, mechanical, thermal, and electronics aspects. This is followed by a characterisation and calibration of the instrument’s performance. The paper concludes with descriptions of the operations concept and data processing. Conclusions. The performance measurements of the various instrument parameters meet the requirements derived from the mission’s science objectives. The SPICE instrument is ready to perform measurements that will provide vital contributions to the scientific success of the Solar Orbiter mission.

Published
2020
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2. The Solar Orbiter EUI instrument: The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (Corrigendum)

Author

P. Rochus, F. Auchère, D. Berghmans, L. Harra, W. Schmutz, U. Schühle, P. Addison, T. Appourchaux, R. Aznar Cuadrado, D. Baker, J. Barbay, D. Bates, A. BenMoussa, M. Bergmann, C. Beurthe, B. Borgo, K. Bonte, M. Bouzit, L. Bradley, V. Büchel, E. Buchlin, J. Büchner, F. Cabé, L. Cadiergues, M. Chaigneau, B. Chares, C. Choque Cortez, P. Coker, M. Condamin, S. Coumar, W. Curdt, J. Cutler, D. Davies, G. Davison, J.-M. Defise, G. Del Zanna, F. Delmotte, V. Delouille, L. Dolla, C. Dumesnil, F. Dürig, R. Enge, S. François, J.-J. Fourmond, J.-M. Gillis, B. Giordanengo, S. Gissot, L. M. Green, N. Guerreiro, A. Guilbaud, M. Gyo, M. Haberreiter, A. Hafiz, M. Hailey, J.-P. Halain, J. Hansotte, C. Hecquet, K. Heerlein, M.-L. Hellin, S. Hemsley, A. Hermans, V. Hervier, J.-F. Hochedez, Y. Houbrechts, K. Ihsan, L. Jacques, A. Jérôme, J. Jones, M. Kahle, T. Kennedy, M. Klaproth, M. Kolleck, S. Koller, E. Kotsialos, E. Kraaikamp, P. Langer, A. Lawrenson, J.-C. Le Clech’, C. Lenaerts, S. Liebecq, D. Linder, D. M. Long, B. Mampaey, D. Markiewicz-Innes, B. Marquet, E. Marsch, S. Matthews, E. Mazy, A. Mazzoli, S. Meining, E. Meltchakov, R. Mercier, S. Meyer, M. Monecke, F. Monfort, G. Morinaud, F. Moron, L. Mountney, R. Müller, B. Nicula, S. Parenti, H. Peter, D. Pfiffner, A. Philippon, I. Phillips, J.-Y. Plesseria, E. Pylyser, F. Rabecki, M.-F. Ravet-Krill, J. Rebellato, E. Renotte, L. Rodriguez, S. Roose, J. Rosin, L. Rossi, P. Roth, F. Rouesnel, M. Roulliay, A. Rousseau, K. Ruane, J. Scanlan, P. Schlatter, D. B. Seaton, K. Silliman, S. Smit, P. J. Smith, S. K. Solanki, M. Spescha, A. Spencer, K. Stegen, Y. Stockman, N. Szwec, C. Tamiatto, J. Tandy, L. Teriaca, C. Theobald, I. Tychon, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, C. Verbeeck, J.-C. Vial, S. Werner, M. J. West, D. Westwood, T. Wiegelmann, G. Willis, B. Winter, A. Zerr, X. Zhang, and A. N. Zhukov

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2022
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3. The Solar Orbiter EUI instrument: The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager

Author

J. Hansotte, R. Müller, M. Hailey, P. Schlatter, A. Lawrenson, M. Monecke, Hardi Peter, Julien Rosin, Koen Stegen, Jean-Claude Vial, S. Parenti, Ali BenMoussa, Etienne Renotte, N. Szwec, Marie-Laure Hellin, R. Enge, M. Haberreiter, A. Philippon, P. Coker, B. Giordanengo, L. Dolla, K. Heerlein, Werner Schmutz, Matthew J. West, K. Ruane, J.-F. Hochedez, M. Chaigneau, M. Kahle, Emmanuel Mazy, J. Scanlan, J. Tandy, J. Barbay, B. Chares, T. Appourchaux, Laurence Rossi, C. Dumesnil, E. Pylyser, R. Aznar Cuadrado, Louise K. Harra, S. Meyer, F. Cabé, Benoit Marquet, Evgueni Meltchakov, Andrei Zhukov, D. Westwood, Bogdan Nicula, G. Willis, M.-F. Ravet-Krill, B. Borgo, S. Hemsley, Isabelle Tychon, N. Guerreiro, D. Linder, R. Mercier, Sylvie Liébecq, Thomas Wiegelmann, Philip J. Smith, M. Gyo, L. Mountney, G. Davison, Frédéric Rabecki, Jean-Marie Gillis, P. Langer, P. Roth, Sami K. Solanki, Luciano Rodriguez, Jean-Philippe Halain, L. Cadiergues, P. Addison, V. Büchel, D. Markiewicz-Innes, X. Zhang, Daniel Pfiffner, M. Roulliay, Antoine Rousseau, Stéphane Roose, Udo Schühle, M. Spescha, Jean-Yves Plesseria, Lionel Jacques, J. C. Le Clec’h, Yvan Stockman, G. Del Zanna, T. Kennedy, C. Beurthe, B. Mampaey, Franck Delmotte, C. Theobald, C. Choque Cortez, S. Meining, S. François, David Long, M. Bergmann, F. Rouesnel, S. Koller, C. Tamiatto, M. Bouzit, David Berghmans, D. Bates, L. Bradley, E. Kotsialos, A. Hafiz, D. Davies, J. B. L. Jones, S. Smit, Véronique Delouille, Gilles Morinaud, Aline Hermans, S. Coumar, J. Rebellato, Yvette Houbrechts, Stephan Werner, Werner Curdt, J. Cutler, K. Bonte, Daniel B. Seaton, Jean-Marc Defise, F. Moron, M. Klaproth, Eric Buchlin, J.-J. Fourmond, I. Phillips, Jörg Büchner, Pierre Rochus, M. Kolleck, Christophe Hecquet, Sarah A. Matthews, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lucie M. Green, Cis Verbeeck, S. Gissot, F. Dürig, M. Condamin, Cedric Lenaerts, F. Auchère, K. Ihsan, K. Silliman, A. Guilbaud, Luca Teriaca, E. Kraaikamp, F. Monfort, A. Jérôme, Andreas Zerr, E. Marsch, Berend Winter, D. N. Baker, Alexandra Mazzoli, A. Spencer, V. Hervier, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Spatial de Liège (CSL), Université de Liège, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique XUV, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Faculty of mathematics Centre for Mathematical Sciences [Cambridge] (CMS), and University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field of view, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Orbiter, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Aerospace engineering, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Chromosphere, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, business.industry, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Ecliptic, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Corona, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Extreme ultraviolet, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Heliosphere
Abstract

Context.The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) is part of the remote sensing instrument package of the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission that will explore the inner heliosphere and observe the Sun from vantage points close to the Sun and out of the ecliptic. Solar Orbiter will advance the “connection science” between solar activity and the heliosphere.Aims.With EUI we aim to improve our understanding of the structure and dynamics of the solar atmosphere, globally as well as at high resolution, and from high solar latitude perspectives.Methods.The EUI consists of three telescopes, the Full Sun Imager and two High Resolution Imagers, which are optimised to image in Lyman-αand EUV (17.4 nm, 30.4 nm) to provide a coverage from chromosphere up to corona. The EUI is designed to cope with the strong constraints imposed by the Solar Orbiter mission characteristics. Limited telemetry availability is compensated by state-of-the-art image compression, onboard image processing, and event selection. The imposed power limitations and potentially harsh radiation environment necessitate the use of novel CMOS sensors. As the unobstructed field of view of the telescopes needs to protrude through the spacecraft’s heat shield, the apertures have been kept as small as possible, without compromising optical performance. This led to a systematic effort to optimise the throughput of every optical element and the reduction of noise levels in the sensor.Results.In this paper we review the design of the two elements of the EUI instrument: the Optical Bench System and the Common Electronic Box. Particular attention is also given to the onboard software, the intended operations, the ground software, and the foreseen data products.Conclusions.The EUI will bring unique science opportunities thanks to its specific design, its viewpoint, and to the planned synergies with the other Solar Orbiter instruments. In particular, we highlight science opportunities brought by the out-of-ecliptic vantage point of the solar poles, the high-resolution imaging of the high chromosphere and corona, and the connection to the outer corona as observed by coronagraphs.

Published
2020
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4. The Solar Orbiter SPICE instrument: An extreme UV imaging spectrometer

Author

P. Schlatter, Craig DeForest, A. H. Gabriel, M. Anderson, S. Meining, Richard A. Harrison, Eckart Marsch, C. Tamiatto, Udo Schühle, S. Guest, David R. Williams, C. Mercier, G. Del Zanna, Sami K. Solanki, Martin E. Caldwell, S. Tustain, R. Speight, Stein Vidar Hagfors Haugan, Gareth J. Marshall, J. Davenne, Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, Donald M. Hassler, Karine Bocchialini, D. Drummond, C. Dumesnil, B. Borgo, J. Dubau, D. Kouliche, M. Gyo, Luca Teriaca, Werner Curdt, F. Baudin, Eric Buchlin, J. Barbay, G. Burton, C. Howe, A. Philippon, Jean-Claude Vial, Miho Janvier, Roman Klein, S. Parenti, Daniel Pfiffner, Hardi Peter, Joseph M. Davila, Sarah A. Matthews, Ian Tosh, T. Grundy, K. Rogers, B. Walls, S. Woodward, N. Szwec, A. Marshall, Mats Carlsson, N. Waltham, Werner Schmutz, Paul Eccleston, R. Aznar Cuadrado, T. Fredvik, Andrzej Fludra, Douglas Griffin, C. Sawyer, S. Caminade, S. Koller, Peter R. Young, G. Dunn, S. Beardsley, Viggo Hansteen, C. Pastor-Santos, G. Munro, T. Morse, A. Richards, William T. Thompson, A. De Groof, M. Haberreiter, Therese A. Kucera, C. McQuirk, A. Giunta, Alexander Gottwald, M. Spescha, F. Auchere, A. Pacros, B. Shaughnessy, N. Morris, D. Bruzzi, Sunil Sidher, Daniel Müller, P. Phelan, V. Büchel, T. Appourchaux, Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), University of Oslo (UiO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt [Berlin] (PTB), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), ESR Technology Ltd (ESR), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University (KHU), ADNET Systems, Inc., Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik [Kiel] (IEAP), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Newcastle University [Newcastle], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), and European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Spice, Imaging spectrometer, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Orbiter, Data acquisition, law, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Calibration, Electronics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Spectral imaging, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Extreme ultraviolet, Systems engineering, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument is a high-resolution imaging spectrometer operating at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths. In this paper, we present the concept, design, and pre-launch performance of this facility instrument on the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission. The goal of this paper is to give prospective users a better understanding of the possible types of observations, the data acquisition, and the sources that contribute to the instrument's signal. The paper discusses the science objectives, with a focus on the SPICE-specific aspects, before presenting the instrument's design, including optical, mechanical, thermal, and electronics aspects. This is followed by a characterisation and calibration of the instrument's performance. The paper concludes with descriptions of the operations concept and data processing. The performance measurements of the various instrument parameters meet the requirements derived from the mission's science objectives. The SPICE instrument is ready to perform measurements that will provide vital contributions to the scientific success of the Solar Orbiter mission., Comment: A&A, accepted 19 August 2019; 26 pages, 25 figures

Published
2020

5. SPICE EUV spectrometer for the Solar Orbiter mission

Author

John J. Hanley, C. McQuirk, J. Johnson, A. Gabriel, Werner Curdt, Roman Klein, Douglas Griffin, A. Richards, William T. Thompson, William F. Grainger, T. Appourchaux, Alexander Gottwald, Joseph M. Davila, Stein Vidar Hagfors Haugan, Y. Allemand, P. Greenway, D. Drummond, Sunil Sidher, P. Phelan, V. Büchel, Andrzej Fludra, S. Beardsley, Mats Carlsson, A. Philippon, J. Cornaby, N. Autissier, Udo Schühle, G. Paciotti, Werner Schmutz, Hardi Peter, T. Grundy, K. Rogers, C. Sawyer, F. Auchere, B. Shaughnessy, A. Butler, C. Howe, G. Munro, Jean-Claude Vial, O. Poyntz-Wright, A. Marshall, Ian Tosh, M. Gyo, S. Meining, Paul Eccleston, M. Haberreiter, L. Blecha, Craig DeForest, Sami K. Solanki, S. Woodward, Daniel Pfiffner, Luca Teriaca, G. Burton, Davina Innes, K. Relecom, H. Cottard, B. Walls, Martin E. Caldwell, Eric Buchlin, N. Waltham, Donald M. Hassler, Patrick R. Jordan, and K. Middleton

Subjects
Physics, Spectrometer, business.industry, Imaging spectrometer, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Corona, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, Orbiter, Solar wind, Optics, law, Extreme ultraviolet, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Optoelectronics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

SPICE is a high resolution imaging spectrometer operating at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths, 70.4 – 79.0 nm and 97.3 - 104.9 nm. It is a facility instrument on the Solar Orbiter mission. SPICE will address the key science goals of Solar Orbiter by providing the quantitative knowledge of the physical state and composition of the plasmas in the solar atmosphere, in particular investigating the source regions of outflows and ejection processes which link the solar surface and corona to the heliosphere. By observing the intensities of selected spectral lines and line profiles, SPICE will derive temperature, density, flow and composition information for the plasmas in the temperature range from 10,000 K to 10MK. The instrument optics consists of a single-mirror telescope (off-axis paraboloid operating at near-normal incidence), feeding an imaging spectrometer. The spectrometer is also using just one optical element, a Toroidal Variable Line Space grating, which images the entrance slit from the telescope focal plane onto a pair of detector arrays, with a magnification of approximately x5. Each detector consists of a photocathode coated microchannel plate image intensifier, coupled to active-pixel-sensor (APS). Particular features of the instrument needed due to proximity to the Sun include: use of dichroic coating on the mirror to transmit and reject the majority of the solar spectrum, particle-deflector to protect the optics from the solar wind, and use of data compression due to telemetry limitations.

Published
2013
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