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El género ofrece una atalaya para pensar y repensar el rol de las mujeres rurales durante la dictadura franquista. En esa convicción, el presente texto busca acercarse a las construcciones ideales sobre los sujetos femeninos que habitaban el medio rural que el poder puso en liza tras la guerra civil. Nuestra meta es aprehender los distintos modelos de mujer rural que se convirtieron en normativos en un periodo histórico definido por la imposición de una dictadura que marcó mudanzas en los modelos de mujer imperantes. Pretendemos acercarnos a su análisis y demostrar que se construyeron en consonancia con los distintos modelos de desarrollo económico que definieron la agricultura española durante la dictadura. Con este objetivo emplearemos fuentes de variadas naturalezas, incluida la prensa y las disposiciones legislativas, que emanaban de aquellas instituciones que fueron creadas para «moldear» a las mujeres rurales a imagen y semejanza del ideal construido. Prestaremos especial atención a la labor desarrollada por Sección Femenina, a través de la figura de las divulgadoras rurales y las Cátedras Ambulantes, así como por el Servicio de Extensión Agraria a partir de las figuras de las agentes de economía doméstica.

The influence of the past on the present and the need to revise and update it are concerns that transcend the professional field of historians. The Restoration, the Civil War, Franco’s regime, the Transition, etc. The revision of such complex periods always entails the risk of forgetting part of the story. The importance of having mature, plural reflections from different perspectives is a requirement when it comes to understanding what happened in one or more specific periods. Communication and forgotten history: a cross-sectional view from contemporaneity is the title of this book in which we find approaches signed by researchers from different areas and with sensitive differences in their interpretation of the period they are studying. Its chapters unearth that «forgotten» history that acquires a special dimension in the media. Journalism, public opinion, politics, identity, ideology, terms such as these come together in a work that aims to offer a pleasant reading, but in accordance with the criteria of rigor and professionalism that the mission of connecting yesterday with contemporary views implies.

This article analyzes the labor gender policies and the strategies of “genderization” put forward by the Franco Dictatorship in Spain. The Franco regime understood that women were the touchstone of society and key in both biological and sociocultural reproduction. Legislative regulations and sanctioned discourses accentuated the division between productive-public and reproductive-domestic spheres, relegating women to the latter. Nevertheless, to what extent did women embrace and challenge the regime's idealistic view of gender? This article contemplates female employment within and beyond official discourse. Oral sources used in this article suggest that socioeconomic reality overflowed the narrow limits of normative femininity. Not all women could enjoy the “honor” of embodying the exalted role of “perfect (house) wife” that the Franco regime had entrusted to them. In addition, this article explores changes in the ideal of femininity throughout the dictatorship. The Franco regime underwent crucial transformations during its almost 40 years of existence. This article argues that its adaptation had repercussions on sociocultural patterns and gender policies. Francoism built its early notion of normative femininity on the ideals of domesticity and Catholic morality, but (re)shaped the meanings of womanhood and (re)adjusted the legal system to fit the new circumstances that arose in the Cold War context.

Roman Ruiz, Gloria y Santana Gonzalez, Juan Antonio (Eds.): Tiempo de dictadura. Experiencias cotidianas durante la guerra, el franquismo y la democracia. Granada, URG, 2019. 192 pp

Resumen Este artículo tiene por objeto el reflexionar sobre de la historiografía de las mujeres y el género. En primer lugar, se examina de forma sucinta el paso de una historia sin mujeres a una historia de las mujeres. En segundo lugar, se presta atención al “género” como categoría de análisis histórico y al desplazamiento hacia una historia de esta noción. A continuación, se considera la andadura hacia la institucionalización y el reconocimiento de estos estudios. Por último, se presentan algunos problemas y algunos retos actuales que caracterizan a este campo de investigación. Palabras claves Historia, mujeres, (relaciones de) género Abstract This article aims to reflect on women and gender historiography. First, we succinctly examine the transition from a history without women to a women’s history. Second, we pay attention to “gender” as a category of historical analysis and to the displacement to a gender history. Third, we consider the path towards institutionalization and recognition of these studies. And finally, we present some current problems and challenges characteristic of this field of research. Key words History, women, gender (relations)