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We use a large sample of refugees in Utica, New York to investigate how religiosity and the ability to practice religion are related to happiness in one's community. We analyze religious and secular facets of the community in which they live, such as perceived ability to practice their religion, sense of safety, and experiences of discrimination. Contrary to the literature on broader populations, we find that religiosity is unrelated to refugees' happiness in their community, but their perceived ability to practice is strongly related to this measure of well‐being. Ability to practice religion remains strongly related to happiness in the community even for refugees who are not religious and for ones who do not regularly attend services. These findings point to the need for more studies to include measures not only of individual religiosity, but facets of religion in people's larger communities, especially for vulnerable populations like refugees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Prehistoria y Arqueologia is the property of Cuadernos de Prehistoria y Arqueologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The new researches undertaken at Utica made it possible to better localize the production place of old African amphorae, that the last discoveries authorized their attribution to the north-eastern area of Northern Tunisia. Indeed, among the ceramic findings delivered by the recent excavation of a kiln built out of mud bricks according to the Phoenician tradition, and the excavation of a ceramic dump well delimited by adobe walls, are several shards of edges, handles and feet classified in this ovoid-shaped amphora type. The petrographic analysis of certain samples confirmed the homogeneity of the clay and suggests that these amphorae belong to only one same group of a local production.

The role played by the UGTT and the UTICA on the Tunisian political scene since the uprising from December 17, 2010 until today has been the subject of debates that are at least passionate. This article proposes, from their history since independence until today, to analyze the continuities and breaks in the functioning of the two most powerful organizations in Tunisia, in order to grasp the way in which the post- Ben Ali has transformed both their identity and the nature of the relationship that binds them. More specifically, it is a question of exploring how the open conflicts or the negotiated cooperation that took place at different times between 2011 and 2015 have reconfigured the place of these two organizations in a rapidly changing political and social field. We will also discuss the impact of these political developments on the relationship between the two organizations and the new economic and social challenges they face.

Ks. Franciszek Arciszewski CM, misjonarz w Chinach, Australii i Stanach Zjednoczonych pozostawił po sobie bogatą spuściznę w postaci dokumentów, notatek własnych, listów oraz wspomnień i fotografii, związanych również z pracą w Chinach, przechowywanych obecnie w Archiwum Polskiej Prowincji Księży Misjonarzy na Stradomiu. Ks. Arciszewski przebywał w Chinach zaledwie czternaście lat, jednak był to okres nieustannych walk, zarówno z wrogiem zewnętrznym – Japonią, jak i wewnętrznych tarć na linii nacjonaliści – komuniści. Ze wspomnień ks. Arciszewskiego, spisanych w roku 1990, a więc przeszło pięćdziesiąt lat po wspominanych wydarzeniach, wyłania się obraz kraju ogarniętego wojenną zawieruchą, gdzie najbardziej pokrzywdzonymi okazują się być zwykli ludzie, z którymi na co dzień przebywali i wśród których mieszkali księża misjonarze.

The progradation of the Medjerda delta has been the subject of many studies since the 19th century. The scale and the rapidity of this phenomenon interested researchers in various fields early on, such as geomorphology, geology, palaeogeography, history, archaeology, or geoarchaeology. Indeed, the delta prograded by around 10 km over 3 millennia. At the time of its foundation supposedly at the end of the 12th century BC, the Phoenician city of Utica was located on a promontory bathed by the sea, but the sediments carried by the Medjerda progressively sealed the bay, leaving the tip of the Utica promontory now 10 km inland. This area is therefore an exception to the general pattern along the Tunisian coast, since as over the same period everywhere else there is a regression of the coastline, owing to a sea level rise of several decimeters. Based on multi-proxy analyses of two coring transects, this paper aims to reconstruct the palaeoenvironments and the palaeogeography of the Medjerda delta's progradation since the mid-Holocene, some aspects of which are described in ancient sources. The results highlight in particular an episode of high-intensity flooding around the 4th century AD, which is consistent with episodes of high floods and an increase in sedimentation rates recorded in the watershed at the end of the Roman period. The gradual abandonment of the city of Utica can certainly be related to the activity of the Medjerda River, but our results show that it is because of an increase of fluvial sediment contribution in connection with an erosive crisis in the headwaters, and not because of the change of course of the river, which had occurred long before. • The Medjerda delta's progradation reached 10 km over 3 millennia. • The reconstruction of the palaeogeography helps to better understand the foundation of Utica and its gradual abandonment. • A wide bay around Utica since the 6th mill. BC, progressively sealed by the alluvium of the Medjerda from the 1st c. BC. • The results highlight in particular an episode of high-intensity flooding around the 4th century AD. • The isolation of Utica from the sea is due to an erosive crisis generated by climatic and probably anthropogenic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the Punic Wars (264-146 BC) have been the subject of numerous studies, generally focused on their most sensational aspects (major battles, techniques of warfare, geopolitical strategies, etc.), curiously, the exceptional economic resilience of the Carthaginians in the face of successive defeats, loss of mining territory, and the imposition of war reparations has attracted hardly any attention. Here, we address this issue using a newly developed powerful tracer in geoarchaeology, that of Pb isotopes applied to paleopollution. We measured the Pb isotopic compositions of a well-dated suite of eight deep cores taken in the Medjerda delta around the city of Utica. The data provide robust evidence of ancient lead-silver mining in Tunisia and lay out a chronology for its exploitation, which appears to follow the main periods of geopolitical instability at the time: the Greco-Punic Wars (480-307 BC) and the PunicWars (264-146 BC). During the last conflict, the data further suggest that Carthage was still able to pay indemnities and fund armies despite the loss of its traditional silver sources in the Mediterranean. This work shows that the mining of Tunisian metalliferous ores between the second half of the fourth and the beginning of the third century BC contributed to the emergence of Punic coinage and the development of the Carthaginian economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presentan los primeros resultados del proyecto de investigación tunecino-espa.ol en Utica (Túnez). En concreto se estudia un complejo formado por un pozo de agua vinculado a un edificio excavado en parte. El pozo posiblemente fue clausurado y cegado de forma ritual. El contenido de su interior ha aportado, además de abundantes restos faunísticos, un depósito de cerámicas fenicias, griegas geométricas, sardas, libias, villanovianas y tartesias, principalmente formado por vajilla de mesa y ánforas, que testimonian tempranas redes de intercambio fenicias en el Mediterráneo Central y Occidental así como un temprano asentamiento fenicio. Las dataciones de C14 obtenidas con semillas del interior del pozo aportan una cronología hacia 925-900 cal AC al conjunto material, idéntica a las de tempranos asentamientos fenicios en la Península Ibérica como Huelva, El Carambolo y La Rebanadilla. En conjunto definen el horizonte más antiguo de la colonización fenicia en el Mediterráneo Central y Occidental.

Estimate of permeability plays a crucial role in flow-based studies of fractured tight-rocks. It is well known that most of the flow through tight-rocks (e.g., shales) is controlled by permeable features (e.g., fractures, laminations, etc.), and there is negligible flow through the matrix. However, current approaches in the literature to model permeability of tight-rocks do not account for such features present within the rock ranging from micro-scale to field-scale. Current permeability modeling approach assumes a single continuum without considering the presence of permeable features within the matrix (e.g., micro-fractures) or outside the matrix (e.g., natural fractures). Although the laboratory-measured permeability implicitly captures discrete features present in that sample (e.g., fractures, laminations, micro-fractures), most of the permeability models proposed for shale do not account for these features. Fracture permeability in the literature is typically modeled using an ideal slit assumption; however, this highly overestimates its permeability because fractures in real medium are non-ideal in terms of their porosity and tortuosity, which affect their permeability. Additionally, the transition zone between fracture and matrix also affects the permeability of fracture. In this study, part of a two-part series, a new method to predict permeability of fractured shale by discretizing the medium into matrix (inorganic and organic) and fractures is presented. New analytical expressions of permeability are derived to account for non-ideal nature of porous medium and two-phase flow in fractures. Rock feature in each cell of the grid is identified as one of the three elements (organic matter, inorganic matter, or fracture), and permeability of that cell is estimated using a suitable analytical expression. This method allows estimating permeability at any scale of interest and more robustly than by a pure analytical approach. The proposed method is validated against local and global-scale measurements on three fractured samples from laboratory. Finally, the method is used to predict two-phase flow permeability of supercritical CO2 displacing water within a fracture in a Utica shale sample. The proposed two-phase flow permeability equations can be used as a quick analytical tool to predict relative permeability estimates of two-phase flow in fractured shale samples. In Part 2, the proposed method is used to estimate field-scale permeability through an optimization process that uses field-scale production and other readily available information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergent patterns of land change resulting from the development of shale oil and gas infrastructure is a result of many small decisions and interactions. This research focuses on the land change associated with the development of shale oil and gas infrastructure in the Marcellus and Utica shale formations in two geographically proximate and physically similar counties, Carroll County, OH, and Washington County, PA. Land-cover data used to measure feature-scale change were digitized from aerial photography and then used to update National Land Cover Dataset data used in the calculation of forest fragmentation for the entire study areas. The amount and pattern of land change was very similar between the two counties even though they are drawing oil and gas from different shale formations. Less than 1% of the total forest for each county was lost but the fragmentation impacts are amplified by the pattern of infrastructure on the landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper aims at proving the importance of a group of Sardinian pots found in the Phoenicians levels revealed by the recent excavations at Utica. In addition to the Phoenician-Sardinian amphorae, this material includes vases dedicated to the preparation and consumption of food and liquids. This Pottery provides new evidence of the ties that the city of Utica developed with Sardinia, and sheds light on the role indigenous people could have played in the mercantile and the Phoenician settlement system in the central and western Mediterranean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this exercise of comparison, I examine some cases in which prisoners are thrown from the walls of besieged cities: Tyre, Utica, Hippo, and Carthage. Comparisons are made with ritual actions taken in case of siege, and with executions of convicted and prisoners, in order to observe typological similarities and differences, and to emphasize the specific features of events and circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medunarodni Problemi is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)