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In this paper, engagement with smart medical wearables and with their user manuals, as well as related user behavior are studied. A research questionnaire containing 15 single-choice questions was completed by 1381 test participants to address relevant topics of the investigated area, including trust in measured medical data, device calibration, technical terminologies and function discovery in the documentation, information sources beyond the documentation, and wearing such devices to bed. The questionnaire particularly focused on device functionalities and characteristics that initially led to the purchase of the smart medical wearable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The user manual is an indicative guide intended to provide assistance to people who use a specific product, service or application. Despite the efforts made in its design, many end users do not prefer it, especially manuals used with some complex products and systems, due to their incompatibility with changing user experiences. With the emergence of the term digital transformation, which aims to improve the service provided to customers, this led to the development of user manuals. The research problem is summarized in the lack of many designers’ knowledge of the types of user manuals and their development in light of digital transformation technology and the lack of considerations for designing user guides, in addition to the lack of research and scientific theses presented in this field. The research aimed to familiarize designers with knowledge of the role of digital transformation in the development of the user manuals and to come up with considerations for designing user manuals in light of digital transformation technology to conform to the end user experience. To achieve this goal, the research used the deductive analytical method by identifying the concept and types of user manuals, interactive user manuals, digital transformation techniques. By analyzing the previous information, the results of the research can be reached, which is to educate designers about the types of user manuals and determine the role of digital transformation in its development, in addition to setting considerations for its design in light of digital transformation technology.

The emergence of smart wearable devices has gradually introduced a vast array of functions that may greatly serve the everyday needs of users. Although their ever-increasing list of capabilities may be compensated for by intuitive design, users may still have numerous reasons to engage with their user manuals. In this paper, we present four research efforts on the user manuals of smart wearable devices. Our work tackles various influence factors, investigates user behavior, and studies how the device itself affects user manual engagement, as well as the other way around. The research efforts address user experience and behavior, personal preference, device attributes, and the performance metrics of user manuals. We specifically studied smartwatches and smart bands, and explored engagement with medical-purpose smart wearables and their user manuals. As a novelty of our contribution, we classify test participants as regular users, professional users, and technical writers, based on their connection to user manuals, and separately analyze their responses to our questionnaire-based research efforts. The obtained results indicate that user experience and device complexity as influence factors have a statistically significant impact on user manual engagement for regular users, and highlight how regular users and technical writers differ in preference and search-related tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Simulator study compared training by written guide (WG), video guide (VG), and interactive guide (IG) for automated driving. • In written tests, WG scored lower than VG and IG groups in strategic knowledge, and lower than VG in procedural knowledge. • IG led to improved takeover performance (steering reveral rates) compared to WG. • IG group showed more visual monitoring behavior during low automation reliability periods compared to other groups. Training drivers about the automated driving system is one way for establishing safe and efficient driver interactions with a conditionally automated vehicle. This study investigated the effectiveness of three training paradigms—written, video (contains use cases), and interactive guides (support practices of use cases)—in a driving simulator study. Thirty participants with little or no prior experiences in driving automation were recruited and randomly assigned to participate in one of the training paradigms followed by a written test and two driving trips in a simulator. Explicit knowledge acquisition following training, driving performance during the simulated trips, and changes in acceptance of automation after training were analyzed. Results showed that: (1) there were no significant differences among the training groups in the declarative knowledge section of the test; however, the video guide group outperformed the written guide group in the procedural knowledge and strategic knowledge sections, and the interactive guide group outperformed the written guide group in the strategic knowledge; (2) Training type produced a significant effect on manual response times, but not visual response times, to non-scheduled takeover requests: the interactive guide group produced the shortest manual response times; (3) the interactive guide group performed better in takeover control during non-scheduled takeover scenario and (4) spent more time viewing the road during periods of low-reliability automated driving; (5) the written guide group reported decreased perceived safety after training. These findings suggest that the inclusion of use cases (in video and interactive guides) and providing hands-on practices (in interactive guide) have unique potentials in developing drivers' knowledge in conditionally automated driving. This work has important implications for the effective design of conditionally automated driving training, as well as for the design of human-machine interface in automated vehicles to support users in developing and maintaining situation awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes and designs rectangular edges supported by two-way solid slabs using ES EN 1992-1-1:2015. Slab design is often carried out either manually or with the use of design and analytical software. It is observed that some software cannot accept standard codes of a few countries. For example, currently, in Ethiopia, analysis and design of two-way solid slab are done using readily available Excel sheet template. But working with this might have many problems. Notably, the structure that is already analyzed by SAP or SAFE or any other international software application that uses International Codes cannot design a structure using ES EN 1992. For instance, Eurocodes designed by Excel sheet can create failure, uneconomical analysis and poor design result. In this paper, the slab is designed and analyzed based on the chosen concrete grade, reinforcement bar diameter and steel grade for calculations like load, moment, shear and deflection checking using the moment coefficient method and Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 for coding. All input values are given by the International Standard units and are also used to represent output values. Using manual calculations takes a lot of time and mostly the result is not correct. But using this computer program, computation accuracy can be increased and time can be saved. The procedure followed is: first the manual calculation has been done, followed by SADSE2021. The result is that both are 99.9% identical, and the disadvantage of this method is that it cannot be used to determine the detailed drawing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the existing methodologies' hysteresis and cost of the human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) integration in the design phase, this paper attempts to develop a time-saving, less expensive and standard approach for designers to integrate the HF/E from the early design phase. In this study, the HF/E information is embodied by a user manual, which will be continuously improved with the refinement of design. A Function-Task-Behaviour framework is proposed to restate the design process, which involves three steps: (1) Functional specification involves function definition and decomposition according to initial user manual and other requirements; (2) Embodiment refers to conducting task definition and planning to achieve the intended function. SysML is used for task definition and PERT method is applied for task planning; (3) Detailed design refers to the interactions analysis between user's behaviour and product's behaviour in the work area. A case study is shown at the end of this paper to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method in integrating the HF/E from the early design phase to improve the final performance of both product and user. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diyalog Interkulturelle Zeitschrift für Germanistik is the property of Diyalog Interkulturelle Zeitschrift fur Germanistik and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Políticas Públicas is the property of Revista Brasileira de Politicas Publicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Civil Construction Industry differs from the others in many ways, presenting peculiarities that reflect a dynamic and complex structure. Among these peculiarities are those related to the size of the companies, the short duration of the works, their diversity and the turnover of the workforce (Araújo, 2008). This industry also has great economic representativeness, both in the international scenario and in the national scenario, occupying a prominent position in the composition of the PIB. The need to establish quality parameters for building works has been a demand of the construction industry stakeholders. The focus on performance meets this need, with the establishment of requirements to be met, as well as how to measure them. And it is in this sense that it is evident the importance of the elaboration of the User Manual by the construction companies of buildings. This article presents part of a research whose main objective was to elaborate a diagnosis about the contribution of the User Manual to the quality and performance of the vertical constructions built by the construction companies of the great João Pessoa. The results indicate that the manuals are only designed to meet a legal requirement and that the quality of construction and performance of the works are not related to the content of the manuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work proposes a new approach for defining an interactive user manual in complex assemblies, using a new enabling technology of Industry 4.0, i.e. Augmented Reality. The AR environment supports the user in step-by-step assembly on-the-fly. The study of this method, suitable for the assembly of parts, is a stimulating engineering mission, which takes advantage of the latest innovations in imaging technologies and computer graphics. In the present paper, a proposal for an innovative method based on Augmented Reality used to support the components’ assembly is suggested. The methodology is based on a four steps process: (1) the designer performs the assembly structure through a CAD system; (2) an inexperienced user assembles the same parts without any suggestion, and the differences between the two assembly sequences are documented and broken down in order to distinguish critical points in the assembly; (3) a virtual user manual is shaped in an Augmented Reality environment; and (4) the assembly is then performed by the same inexperienced user, guided by the AR tool. When the end-user employs the instrument, the location of the item to assemble is perceived by tracking the finger position of the user itself. In order to help the end-user in the assembly procedure, a series of symbols and texts is added to the external scene. In this paper, a case study based on the assembly of a scale model has been developed to evaluate the methodology. After an evaluation process, the procedure seems to be feasible and presents some advantages over the state-of-the-art methodologies proposed by literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]