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Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

African traditional medicine contributes to greater healthcare coverage by providing primary healthcare to rural dwellers, who often have limited access to modern medical services. However, the prevalence of traditional medicine use has been reported to put pressure on biological resources upon which it relies. Indigenous people have identified many wild animals as possessing curative properties. The use of animals and their body parts as ingredients in traditional medicine is often poorly regulated and therefore represents a major challenge for biodiversity conservation. We investigated traditional health practitioners' ethnomedicinal use of vultures in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In-depth interviews were conducted with 26 traditional health practitioners from two district municipalities. Data collected were analysed through qualitative and quantitative methodologies. We documented seven parts of the vulture that traditional health practitioners used in KwaZulu-Natal. When the Use Value (UV) index was calculated for each part, the head obtained the highest (0.92). Consensus on parts and their uses was generally low across the study group. Of the 21 uses reported for vulture parts, 71% were spiritual-based. The participants were aware of the hunting of vultures through the use of poison but demonstrated different views about the risks associated with using such material. Overall, our findings confirm the increasing use of African vultures in traditional medicine. Raising awareness and upscaling the active involvement of traditional health practitioners in natural resource management may benefit vulture conservation and that of other species commonly used in belief-based practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traditional ecological knowledge of plants is an important aspect of scholarship in relation to land use and contributes to the sustainable use and management of natural resources as well as to the monitoring of changes in the natural environment. The aim of the present paper was to examine traditional ecological knowledge in Hungarian communities in Slovenia in connection with knowledge of the plants growing in the region, their local names, and their uses. We quantified the earlier role of the utilized plant species in order to determine the former significance of certain species. We carried out structured interviews with a total of 20 individuals in three studied settlements. In the Hungarian communities in Slovenia, we uncovered knowledge of a total of 130 folk taxa. Of these, 123 taxa have local names. The majority of the folk taxa can be correlated with a single biological species. A significant proportion of the known species were utilized in some way, most of them as medicinal plants, wild edible plants, or ornamental plants. As in other farming communities, the most important species are mainly woody plants, which include the common hornbeam, the common juniper, and the silver birch. Among the herbaceous plants, utilization of the dandelion, nettle, and bulrush was significant. Members of the older generations living in the Hungarian communities in Slovenia still retain knowledge of plants that were once used on a daily basis, along with their local names and the traditional ecological knowledge connected with their earlier use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The knowledge about the uses of palm species Hyphaene coriacea and Phoenix reclinata is widespread in the Zitundo area. • There is low prevalence of palm products exploitation in the area. • Palm wine, basket and brooms production are the most common uses of Hyphaene coriacea and Phoenix reclinata. • Hyphaene coriacea and Phoenix reclinata are important in the cultural and traditional believe system of Zitundo. Hyphaene coriacea and Phoenix reclinata are two abundant palm species in the Maputaland coastal plains of southern Mozambique. They provide an array of subsistence and commercial non- timber forest products. This research characterizes the ethnobotanical knowledge and uses of these species. Using structured interviews we assessed the knowledge, past and current uses, cultural importance and the determinants of the knowledge and current uses of these species. The knowledge about the uses of these two palms is widespread, however only 32% of respondents are engaged in palm exploitation. Thirteen palm products are used in the area with palm wine production from the sap of both species being the dominant activity, followed by broom production from Phoenix reclinata stems and basket production from Hyphaene coriacea leaves. The cultural importance of these species includes the production of anklets and skirts used during traditional dances and the use of palm wine in the traditional ritual of libation. Village of residency, gender and migration status are correlated with levels of knowledge and use of these species. Palm wine, broom and basket production can play an important role for income generation and therefore should be considered in future local development initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional ecological knowledge of plants is an important aspect of scholarship in relation to land use and contributes to the sustainable use and management of natural resources as well as to the monitoring of changes in the natural environment. The aim of the present paper was to examine traditional ecological knowledge in Hungarian communities in Slovenia in connection with knowledge of the plants growing in the region, their local names, and their uses. We quantified the earlier role of the utilized plant species in order to determine the former significance of certain species. We carried out structured interviews with a total of 20 individuals in three studied settlements. In the Hungarian communities in Slovenia, we uncovered knowledge of a total of 130 folk taxa. Of these, 123 taxa have local names. The majority of the folk taxa can be correlated with a single biological species. A significant proportion of the known species were utilized in some way, most of them as medicinal plants, wild edible plants, or ornamental plants. As in other farming communities, the most important species are mainly woody plants, which include the common hornbeam, the common juniper, and the silver birch. Among the herbaceous plants, utilization of the dandelion, nettle, and bulrush was significant. Members of the older generations living in the Hungarian communities in Slovenia still retain knowledge of plants that were once used on a daily basis, along with their local names and the traditional ecological knowledge connected with their earlier use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amphibians and reptiles are important organisms for the proper operation of natural ecosystems, but in recent decades they have declined in number and distribution. This is due to several factors, but the anthropogenic ones are the most significant. On the other hand, the loss of biocultural knowledge can modify the perception of these organisms and lead to a difficult coexistence. The objective of this work is to characterize ethnozoological knowledge about the herpetofauna among the inhabitants of the Maya community of Santa Elena, Yucatan. From June to October 2016, 145 questionnaires and two semi-structured key informant interviews were applied. It was concluded that the inhabitants of Santa Elena recognize 68 species (12 amphibians and 56 reptiles), of which 31 are considered poisonous. 44 samples were collected, with Crotalus tzabcan receiving the highest number of mentions (23%). From the species examined in the survey, 13 presented some kind of use. The medicinal one was the most mentioned for C. tzabcan (53.1%) and Terrapene yucatana (25.5%), and the alimentary use for Ctenosaura similis (42%). These results reflect the importance of including local knowledge to improve the conservation measures of this biological group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tradicionalmente, los habitantes de la región andina han aprovechado los diferentes grupos de la fauna, tanto invertebrada como vertebrada; sin embargo, aunque la fauna en Colombia es bien conocida desde el punto de vista sistemático, existe un gran vacío de información en temas relacionados con los usos. El objetivo general de este estudio fue identificar la fauna silvestre conocida por los habitantes del municipio de San Antonio del Tequendama y evaluar la práctica que le dan desde sus saberes. A partir de encuestas aplicadas a la población rural y urbana, se encontraron seis tipos de aprovechamiento que involucran, especialmente, las clases Mammalia y Aves. La caza de subsistencia, el manejo como mascotas y las creencias o usos medicinales juegan un papel importante y son indicadores indispensables para fortalecer programas de conservación, que involucra a las comunidades locales.Traditionally the inhabitants of the Andean region have taken advantage of the different groups of invertebrate and vertebrate fauna. However, although the fauna in Colombia is well known from the systematic point of view, there is a huge information gap on use related issues. The overall objective of this study was to identify the knowledge of the inhabitants of the municipality of San Antonio del Tequendama and evaluate how they use wildlife. From surveys of rural and urban population six types of use were identified that involve especially mammals and birds. Subsistence hunting, use as pets and beliefs or medicinal uses play an important role and are indicators to strengthen conservation programs that involve local communities.

The resurrection of the traditional socio-ecological knowledge system as a complimentary biodiversity conservation tool for poorly performing protected areas has fueled a new debate on what drives resource use behavior in forest landscapes. Using ecological assessment and ethno-botanical techniques, we tested whether culture or the ecological abundance of resources can sufficiently explain the use behavior of traditional society for various livelihood-related utilities. Data were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests. The two communities of the Vhavenda people had homogenous cultural values, despite the fact that they reside in different forest conditions. The use value of habitats increases along the land use intensity gradient, as defined by cultural norms and taboos. However, despite the presumed strictness of rules related to state-protected indigenous forest, it had the same use value as with open access resource use zones. Almost no resource harvesting from culturally protected (sacred) forests was reported. Species abundance did not sufficiently explain their use value. Generally, the findings show that culture plays a predominant role in explaining use behavior. Neither is resource use decision random nor is the concept of protected areas a new concept to traditional society. Hence, capitalizing on the benefits of cultural assets in conservation action, through genuine partnership and the empowerment of local people, will ensure the sustainability of global biodiversity initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]