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Research shows that parenting interventions struggle with keeping clients in treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare attrition and rates of improvement in caregiver-child dyads participating in either Parent-Child Care (PC-CARE), a brief, 7-session parenting intervention or Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) over a 7-week period. Participants were 204 caregiver-child dyads referred to either PC-CARE (N = 69) or PCIT (N = 135) between 2016 and 2019. Children were aged 2-7 years, referred for treatment by county Behavioral Health Services, and Medicaid funded. Findings showed that PC-CARE participants were 2.5 times more likely than PCIT participants to complete 7 sessions, all other things being equal, and showed significantly greater rates of improvement during this timeframe in reported child behavior problems and parenting stress. In conclusion, compared with PCIT, PC-CARE showed greater retention and rate of improvement in child and parent outcomes over a comparable time period.

Recent dimensional models of adversity informed by a neurobiological deficit framework highlights threat and deprivation as core dimensions, whereas models informed by an evolutionary, adaptational and functional framework calls attention to harshness and unpredictability. This report seeks to evaluate an integrative model of threat, deprivation, and unpredictability, drawing on the Fragile Families Study. Confirmatory factor analysis of presumed multiple indicators of each construct reveals an adequate three-factor structure of adversity. Theory-based targeted predictions of the developmental sequelae of each dimension also received empirical support, with deprivation linked to health problems and cognitive ability; threat linked to aggression; and unpredictability to substance use and sexual risk-taking. These findings lend credibility to utility of the three-dimensional integrative framework of adversity. It could thus inform development of dimensional measures of risk assessment and exploration of multidimensional adversity profiles, sensitive to individual differences in lived experiences, supporting patient-centered, strength-based approaches to services.

BackgroundRecent advancements in pediatric mental health (MH) increased accessibility of evidence-based interventions. Yet, accessibility alone does not explain the rise in MH services use (MHSU). Maltreatment-related adversity, symptom severity, and access to early interventions have been linked to ongoing need for services, yet their joint contributions to continuities in MHSU remain unclear.ObjectiveThe study examines the role of maltreatment, externalizing symptom severity, and referral for early intervention in pediatric MHSU across five years. To evaluate engagement in treatment, we accounted for treatment progress and referral type, comparing MHSU in court-mandated and voluntary participants.Participants and settingParticipants were 321 children (M = 4.3 years; 58.9 % boys) referred to parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), an evidence-based intervention for families struggling with child disruptive behaviors and maltreating families involved with child welfare. Services were provided at a university-affiliated clinic in a metropolitan county.MethodSymptom severity was assessed with standardized questionnaires; maltreatment history and referral type were obtained from casefile reviews. MHSU was tracked through county behavioral health diagnostic reports. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.ResultsResults indicated that for the 44.9 % of children with onward referrals, the frequency of service use, but not progress in treatment, predicted ongoing services. Maltreatment emerged as a universal predictor, while externalizing predicted MHSU only in court-mandated participants, suggesting referral type contributes to quantifiable differences in MH needs.ConclusionsFindings emphasize importance of ongoing funding for pediatric MH services, and the need to explore mechanisms underlying continuous MHSU in vulnerable children.

In Beserman, a new converb grammaticalizes from the possessive locative form of the locative noun in (o)ń-ńig. We show that the constructions with the converb have a clausal structure, while the constructions with the locative noun are mostly noun phrases, even if they include an indication of the agent and patient of the situation encoded by the locative noun. Semantically, the two types of constructions are also different. In the converb constructions the situations encoded by the main and the embedded clause must overlap, while with locative nouns this is not necessarily the case. The temporal reference of locative nouns is habitual/iterative, while converbs often have episodic (non-habitual) interpretation. The original locative noun denotes a reference to a fixed location where the situation usually takes place. In the constructions with the converb this meaning is bleached and generalized as an action which takes place in any possible location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article investigates Beserman constructions which contain adjectives inflected for number and nouns that they modify semantically. Prototypically adjectives do not show agreement in number with the head noun. Under certain circumstances, however, they may be marked for number by a nominal plural suffix ‑(j)os and a 3Sg possessive marker, or by a predicative adjectival suffix ‑(j)eś. Elicitation and corpus data show that constructions with the suffix ‑(j)os and a 3Sg possessive marker are used in contrastive contexts. As for -(j)eś-marked adjectives, we claim that two types of construction should be distinguished. Postposed -(j)eś-marked adjectives, according to syntactic tests, retain their original predicative properties. Preposed -(j)eś-marked adjectives share important properties with "prototypical" attributes in Beserman, and may be used under various information structure conditions, thus drifting towards holding the status of pure agreement constructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) involves sexual, physical, and emotional abuse, leading to traumatization. Interventions show promise in preventing revictimization and facilitating the integration of victims into communities. This study describes the development and pilot implementation of Ending the Game® (ETG), a psychoeducational curriculum for victims of CSE. The program follows a peer-support model and is open to youth and adult victims. The study aimed to assess program engagement, curriculum acceptability, and potential for effectiveness. Findings indicated the rate of attrition comparable to other group curricula and low rate of non-response, particularly on Likert-scale and dichotomous items. Curriculum acceptability was high in terms of content, facilitators, and group environment. The t-test comparisons showed positive trends in improvement of regulatory capacity, relational capacity, sense of self, and future orientation. Taken together, findings demonstrate the utility of ETG in supporting youth and adult victims of CSE, pending modifications to align curriculum with evidence-based practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using measurement-based and feedback-informed approaches is key to providing effective family-centered clinical care; a strength-based approach is shown to improve treatment outcomes and satisfaction. Yet, there are few brief, psychometrically sound assessment tools for preschool-age and elementary school--age children. In response, we developed a nine-item, two-scale measure, the Weekly Assessment of Child Behavior--Positive (WACB-P), suitable for children ages 2 to 12 years. We examined the psychometric properties of the WACB-P based on two low-income clinical samples differing in intervention modality and location (Sample 1: N = 285; Sample 2: N = 137). WACB-P demonstrated high internal validity and test--retest reliability. The item response theory (IRT) paradigm applied to the Intensity Scale revealed that the items showed moderate discrimination and adequate precision, particularly effectively capturing behavioral challenges. Repeatedmeasures analysis of covariance (RM-ANCOVA) showed significant linear effects from session to session, suggesting sensitivity to change during treatment. WACB-P demonstrated strong convergent validity with established measures of child behavior problems. These favorable results position the WACB-P as a suitable choice for agencies providing measurement-based behavioral health care for young children and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of elicitation, corpus study, and experimental study in field research. -on'n'ig-forms in Beserman Udmurt which function both as nomina loci (place names) and as converbs are described with the focus on methodology of gathering the data. It is demonstrated that in the case of productive derivation hypotheses formulated on the base of corpus study can more reliably be checked during an experiment with non-verbal stimuli than via elicitation. As for morphosyntactic properties of regular inflected forms, it is easier to study them on the base of corpora data and elicitation. However, experiments provide both natural examples and interesting data for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]