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3. Trauma exposure interacts with the genetic risk of bipolar disorder in alcohol misuse of US soldiers

Author

Polimanti, R., Kaufman, J., Zhao, H., Kranzler, H. R., Ursano, R. J., Kessler, R. C., Stein, M. B., Gelernter, J., Heeringa, Steven, Wagner, James, Cox, Kenneth, Aliaga, Pablo A., Benedek, COL David M., Campbell‐Sills, Laura, Fullerton, Carol S., Gebler, Nancy, Gifford, Robert K., Hurwitz, Paul E., Jain, Sonia, Lewandowski‐Romps, Lisa, Herberman Mash, Holly, McCarroll, James E., Naifeh, James A., Hinz Ng, Tsz Hin, Nock, Matthew K., Santiago, Patcho, Wynn, Gary H., and Zaslavsky, Alan M.

Published
2018
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11. Occupational differences in US Army suicide rates

Author

Kessler, R. C., Stein, M. B., Bliese, P. D., Bromet, E. J., Chiu, W. T., Cox, K. L., Colpe, L. J., Fullerton, C. S., Gilman, S. E., Gruber, M. J., Heeringa, S. G., Lewandowski-Romps, L., Millikan-Bell, A., Naifeh, J. A., Nock, M. K., Petukhova, M. V., Rosellini, A. J., Sampson, N. A., Schoenbaum, M., Zaslavsky, A. M., and Ursano, R. J.

Published
2015
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12. Understanding the elevated suicide risk of female soldiers during deployments

Author

Street, A. E., Gilman, S. E., Rosellini, A. J., Stein, M. B., Bromet, E. J., Cox, K. L., Colpe, L. J., Fullerton, C. S., Gruber, M. J., Heeringa, S. G., Lewandowski-Romps, L., Little, R. J. A., Naifeh, J. A., Nock, M. K., Sampson, N. A., Schoenbaum, M., Ursano, R. J., Zaslavsky, A. M., and Kessler, R. C.

Published
2015

17. Trauma exposure interacts with the genetic risk of bipolar disorder in alcohol misuse of US soldiers

Author

Polimanti, R., primary, Kaufman, J., additional, Zhao, H., additional, Kranzler, H. R., additional, Ursano, R. J., additional, Kessler, R. C., additional, Stein, M. B., additional, Gelernter, J., additional, Heeringa, Steven, additional, Wagner, James, additional, Cox, Kenneth, additional, Aliaga, Pablo A., additional, Benedek, COL David M., additional, Campbell‐Sills, Laura, additional, Fullerton, Carol S., additional, Gebler, Nancy, additional, Gifford, Robert K., additional, Hurwitz, Paul E., additional, Jain, Sonia, additional, Lewandowski‐Romps, Lisa, additional, Herberman Mash, Holly, additional, McCarroll, James E., additional, Naifeh, James A., additional, Hinz Ng, Tsz Hin, additional, Nock, Matthew K., additional, Santiago, Patcho, additional, Wynn, Gary H., additional, and Zaslavsky, Alan M., additional

Published
2017
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18. Largest GWAS of PTSD (N=20 070) yields genetic overlap with schizophrenia and sex differences in heritability

Author

Duncan, L E, primary, Ratanatharathorn, A, additional, Aiello, A E, additional, Almli, L M, additional, Amstadter, A B, additional, Ashley-Koch, A E, additional, Baker, D G, additional, Beckham, J C, additional, Bierut, L J, additional, Bisson, J, additional, Bradley, B, additional, Chen, C-Y, additional, Dalvie, S, additional, Farrer, L A, additional, Galea, S, additional, Garrett, M E, additional, Gelernter, J E, additional, Guffanti, G, additional, Hauser, M A, additional, Johnson, E O, additional, Kessler, R C, additional, Kimbrel, N A, additional, King, A, additional, Koen, N, additional, Kranzler, H R, additional, Logue, M W, additional, Maihofer, A X, additional, Martin, A R, additional, Miller, M W, additional, Morey, R A, additional, Nugent, N R, additional, Rice, J P, additional, Ripke, S, additional, Roberts, A L, additional, Saccone, N L, additional, Smoller, J W, additional, Stein, D J, additional, Stein, M B, additional, Sumner, J A, additional, Uddin, M, additional, Ursano, R J, additional, Wildman, D E, additional, Yehuda, R, additional, Zhao, H, additional, Daly, M J, additional, Liberzon, I, additional, Ressler, K J, additional, Nievergelt, C M, additional, and Koenen, K C, additional

Published
2017
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20. The MCP-4/MCP-1 ratio in plasma is a candidate circadian biomarker for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder

Author

Dalgard, C, primary, Eidelman, O, additional, Jozwik, C, additional, Olsen, C H, additional, Srivastava, M, additional, Biswas, R, additional, Eudy, Y, additional, Rothwell, S W, additional, Mueller, G P, additional, Yuan, P, additional, Drevets, W C, additional, Manji, H K, additional, Vythlingam, M, additional, Charney, D S, additional, Neumeister, A, additional, Ursano, R J, additional, Jacobowitz, D M, additional, Pollard, H B, additional, and Bonne, O, additional

Published
2017
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22. Predicting non-familial major physical violent crime perpetration in the US Army from administrative data

Author

Rosellini, A. J., primary, Monahan, J., additional, Street, A. E., additional, Heeringa, S. G., additional, Hill, E. D., additional, Petukhova, M., additional, Reis, B. Y., additional, Sampson, N. A., additional, Bliese, P., additional, Schoenbaum, M., additional, Stein, M. B., additional, Ursano, R. J., additional, and Kessler, R. C., additional

Published
2015
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23. Mitochondria-focused gene expression profile reveals common pathways and CPT1B dysregulation in both rodent stress model and human subjects with PTSD

Author

Zhang, L, primary, Li, H, additional, Hu, X, additional, Benedek, D M, additional, Fullerton, C S, additional, Forsten, R D, additional, Naifeh, J A, additional, Li, X, additional, Wu, H, additional, Benevides, K N, additional, Le, T, additional, Smerin, S, additional, Russell, D W, additional, and Ursano, R J, additional

Published
2015
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24. Understanding the elevated suicide risk of female soldiers during deployments

Author

Street, A. E., primary, Gilman, S. E., additional, Rosellini, A. J., additional, Stein, M. B., additional, Bromet, E. J., additional, Cox, K. L., additional, Colpe, L. J., additional, Fullerton, C. S., additional, Gruber, M. J., additional, Heeringa, S. G., additional, Lewandowski-Romps, L., additional, Little, R. J. A., additional, Naifeh, J. A., additional, Nock, M. K., additional, Sampson, N. A., additional, Schoenbaum, M., additional, Ursano, R. J., additional, Zaslavsky, A. M., additional, and Kessler, R. C., additional

Published
2014
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25. Largest GWAS of PTSD (N=20 070) yields genetic overlap with schizophrenia and sex differences in heritability

Author

Duncan, L E, Ratanatharathorn, A, Aiello, A E, Almli, L M, Amstadter, A B, Ashley-Koch, A E, Baker, D G, Beckham, J C, Bierut, L J, Bisson, J, Bradley, B, Chen, C-Y, Dalvie, S, Farrer, L A, Galea, S, Garrett, M E, Gelernter, J E, Guffanti, G, Hauser, M A, Johnson, E O, Kessler, R C, Kimbrel, N A, King, A, Koen, N, Kranzler, H R, Logue, M W, Maihofer, A X, Martin, A R, Miller, M W, Morey, R A, Nugent, N R, Rice, J P, Ripke, S, Roberts, A L, Saccone, N L, Smoller, J W, Stein, D J, Stein, M B, Sumner, J A, Uddin, M, Ursano, R J, Wildman, D E, Yehuda, R, Zhao, H, Daly, M J, Liberzon, I, Ressler, K J, Nievergelt, C M, and Koenen, K C

Abstract

The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder group (PGC-PTSD) combined genome-wide case–control molecular genetic data across 11 multiethnic studies to quantify PTSD heritability, to examine potential shared genetic risk with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder and to identify risk loci for PTSD. Examining 20 730 individuals, we report a molecular genetics-based heritability estimate (h2SNP) for European-American females of 29% that is similar to h2SNPfor schizophrenia and is substantially higher than h2SNPin European-American males (estimate not distinguishable from zero). We found strong evidence of overlapping genetic risk between PTSD and schizophrenia along with more modest evidence of overlap with bipolar and major depressive disorder. No single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exceeded genome-wide significance in the transethnic (overall) meta-analysis and we do not replicate previously reported associations. Still, SNP-level summary statistics made available here afford the best-available molecular genetic index of PTSD—for both European- and African-American individuals—and can be used in polygenic risk prediction and genetic correlation studies of diverse phenotypes. Publication of summary statistics for ∼10 000 African Americans contributes to the broader goal of increased ancestral diversity in genomic data resources. In sum, the results demonstrate genetic influences on the development of PTSD, identify shared genetic risk between PTSD and other psychiatric disorders and highlight the importance of multiethnic/racial samples. As has been the case with schizophrenia and other complex genetic disorders, larger sample sizes are needed to identify specific risk loci.

Published
2018
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31. Spouse Abuse, U.S. Army Central Registry (1989-1996) (Revised)

Author

UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF PSYCHIATRY, McCarroll, J. E., Thayer, L. E., Ursano, R. J., Norwood, A. E., Fullerton, C. S., UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF PSYCHIATRY, McCarroll, J. E., Thayer, L. E., Ursano, R. J., Norwood, A. E., and Fullerton, C. S.

Abstract

This report is an analysis of the spouse abuse cases that have been recorded in the Army Central Registry between 1989-1996. The following types of case data are recorded: (1) source of referral, (2) demographic characteristics of the victim and offender, (3) location of victim residence and where the incident occurred, (4) the relationship of the victim to the offender, (5) the offender's history of violence and abuse, (6) substance abuse involvement of the victim and the offender, and (7) the military and civil actions that had occurred at the time the case was reported. At the time of this report, there were 56,287 initial substantiated cases of spouse abuse, or an average of about 7,000 new cases per year. There were 5,065 subsequent incidents and 3,493 re-opened cases. A complete tabulation of the comparisons of the percentages of initial substantiated, subsequent incidents, and re-opened cases is presented in the report.

Published
1998

32. Army Family Violence Research Conference Transcripts

Author

UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD, Ursano, R. J., McCarroll, J. E., Newby, J. H., Emanuel, R. J., Norwood, A. E., UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD, Ursano, R. J., McCarroll, J. E., Newby, J. H., Emanuel, R. J., and Norwood, A. E.

Abstract

A conference was held at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) to formulate a research agenda in the field of family violence for the Army. This conference included some of the leading experts in family violence research in the United States, Army representatives with a wide range of clinical, administrative, and research experience in family violence, and senior members of the USUHS faculty of the School of Medicine. The topics of the technical presentations were physical and sexual child abuse, and spouse abuse treatment and research.

Published
1997

34. Initial Reports on Child Abuse and Neglect from the U. S. Army Central Registry (1975-1995).

Author

UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD, Carroll, J. E., Ursano, R. J., Norwood, A. E., Fullerton, C. S., Newby, J. H., UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD, Carroll, J. E., Ursano, R. J., Norwood, A. E., Fullerton, C. S., and Newby, J. H.

Abstract

This report is an analysis of the total number of child abuse and neglect cases that have been recorded in the Army Central Registry between 1975-1995. The following types of case data are reported: source of referral, demographic characteristics of the victim and offender, location of victim residence and where the incident occurred, the relationship of the victim to the offender, the offender's history of violence and abuse, substance abuse involvement of the victim and the offender, and the military and civil actions that had occurred at the time the case was reported. There are 52,041 initial substantiated cases, 3,166 subsequent incidents, and 2,082 re-opened cases. For the initial substantiated incidents, 61% of the offenders were active duty, 50% of the victims were male. The most frequently reported types of maltreatment were neglect (43.9%) and minor physical injury (37.5%). Major physical- injury was reported 4.9%, sexual abuse in 12%, and emotional maltreatment in 7.1%. Evidence of--a strong association with substance abuse of offenders was not present in the data, but approximately 21% of the cases listed "Unknown" for the substance involvement. Further comparisons are made between the three types of reports.

Published
1996

35. Community Consultation Following a Major Air Disaster

Author

WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC, McCarroll, James E., Ursano, R. J., Fullerton, C. S., Wright, Katheen M., WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC, McCarroll, James E., Ursano, R. J., Fullerton, C. S., and Wright, Katheen M.

Abstract

United Airlines flight 232 crashed at Sioux City, Iowa on 19 July 1989. The primary rescue workers were the men and women from the 185th Air National Guard Group. Because of the massive death and destruction caused by the crash, a psychiatric consultation team was requested by the U. S. Air Force Surgeon General to assist the Air National Guard personnel. The consultation had four goals: (1) provide consultation to the Air National Guard on the mental health of the community (2) provide direct psychiatric services on an acute basis and referral for follow-up care, if necessary; (3) train mental health personnel as consultants following disasters; and (4) develop and implement a research plan which would address the health consequences of the rescue work, both immediate and long-term. The consultation included community-oriented interventions directed toward reducing the effects of psychological stress on high risk groups. This paper describes the consultations and the one year follow-up.

Published
1992

37. Predictors of posttraumatic stress among victims of motor vehicle accidents.

Author

Dougall, A L, Ursano, R J, Posluszny, D M, Fullerton, C S, and Baum, A

Abstract

Objective: This study identified factors that predict individual vulnerability to psychological trauma by examining the relationships among situation and person variables and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 1, 6, and 12 months after a serious motor vehicle accident (MVA).Methods: Background characteristics, exposure variables (ie, injury severity and accident characteristics), and psychosocial variables (ie, perceived loss of control, social support, and coping) were used to predict symptoms of PTSD and recovery in 115 injured MVA victims. All participants were injured during the MVA and provided data prospectively over the course of a year after their accidents.Results: Along with background and exposure variables, use of wishful thinking coping distinguished between victims with and without symptoms of PTSD.Conclusions: Psychosocial variables such as wishful thinking coping can be used to identify MVA victims who are at risk of developing chronic posttraumatic stress and warrant further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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39. Urinary catecholamines and cortisol in recent-onset posttraumatic stress disorder after motor vehicle accidents.

Author

Hawk, Larry W., Dougall, Angela Liegey, Ursano, Robert J., Baum, Andrew, Hawk, L W, Dougall, A L, Ursano, R J, and Baum, A

Abstract

Objective: This study examined relationships among stress hormone levels, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and symptoms, and gender shortly after a common civilian trauma.Methods: Levels of catecholamines and cortisol in 15-hour urine samples were examined in 55 adults who had been in serious motor vehicle accidents and in 22 age-matched control.Results: Catecholamines were related to PTSD diagnosis and symptoms, but only among men: PTSD-symptomatic men who had been in an accident exhibited elevated levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine 1 month after the accident and had higher epinephrine levels 5 months later. Intrusive thoughts predicted catecholamine levels at 1 month, and avoidance of trauma-relevant stimuli was associated with higher epinephrine levels 5 months later. These effects were not significant among women. Urinary cortisol was also elevated among PTSD-symptomatic men, but not women, and only immediately (1 month) after the accident. For men and women, greater emotional numbing predicted a lower cortisol level 6 months after the accident.Conclusions: These findings were interpreted as limited support for the generalizability of findings in men with chronic, combat-related PTSD and indicate the need for additional research on psychoendocrine assessment of traumatized women and specific dimensions of PTSD symptomatology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

50. Positive and negative consequences of a military deployment.

Author

Newby, John H, McCarroll, James E, Ursano, R J, Fan, Zizhong, Shigemura, Jun, and Tucker-Harris, Yvonne

Abstract

This study determined the perception by 951 U.S. Army soldiers of positive and negative consequences of a peacekeeping deployment to Bosnia. Seventy-seven percent reported some positive consequences, 63% reported a negative consequence, and 47% reported both. Written comments were also provided. Of the 951 soldiers, 478 wrote at least one positive comment and 403 at least one negative comment. Single soldiers were more likely than married soldiers to report positive consequences (82% vs. 72%). Married soldiers were more likely than single soldiers to report negative consequences (70% vs. 55%). Positive consequences included making additional money, self-improvement, and time to think. Negative consequences included the military chain of command, being away from home, and deterioration of marital/significant other relationships.

Published
2005
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