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914 results on '"Urpelainen, Johannes"'

13. Adoption of community monitoring improves common pool resource management across contexts.

Author

Slough, Tara, Rubenson, Daniel, Levy, Ro'ee, Alpizar Rodriguez, Francisco, Bernedo Del Carpio, María, Buntaine, Mark T, Christensen, Darin, Cooperman, Alicia, Eisenbarth, Sabrina, Ferraro, Paul J, Graham, Louis, Hartman, Alexandra C, Kopas, Jacob, McLarty, Sasha, Rigterink, Anouk S, Samii, Cyrus, Seim, Brigitte, Urpelainen, Johannes, and Zhang, Bing

Subjects
Humans, Conservation of Natural Resources, Ecosystem, Research Design, Environmental Policy, Community Participation, common pool resources, community monitoring, institutional adoption, meta-analysis, multisite trial, Clinical Research
Abstract

Pervasive overuse and degradation of common pool resources (CPRs) is a global concern. To sustainably manage CPRs, effective governance institutions are essential. A large literature has developed to describe the institutional design features employed by communities that successfully manage their CPRs. Yet, these designs remain far from universally adopted. We focus on one prominent institutional design feature, community monitoring, and ask whether nongovernmental organizations or governments can facilitate its adoption and whether adoption of monitoring affects CPR use. To answer these questions, we implemented randomized controlled trials in six countries. The harmonized trials randomly assigned the introduction of community monitoring to 400 communities, with data collection in an additional 347 control communities. Most of the 400 communities adopted regular monitoring practices over the course of a year. In a meta-analysis of the experimental results from the six sites, we find that the community monitoring reduced CPR use and increased user satisfaction and knowledge by modest amounts. Our findings demonstrate that community monitoring can improve CPR management in disparate contexts, even when monitoring is externally initiated rather than homegrown. These findings provide guidance for the design of future programs and policies intended to develop monitoring capabilities in communities. Furthermore, our harmonized, multisite trial provides sustainability science with a new way to study the complexity of socioecological systems and builds generalizable insights about how to improve CPR management.

Published
2021

15. Modeling illegal logging in Brazil

Author

Chen, Bohan, Peng, Kaiyan, Parkinson, Christian, Bertozzi, Andrea L, Slough, Tara Lyn, and Urpelainen, Johannes

Subjects
Law and Legal Studies, Criminology, Human Society, Life on Land, Illegal logging, Optimal path planning, Hamilton&#8211, Jacobi&#8211, Bellman equation, Optimal control, Fast sweeping method
Abstract

Deforestation is a major threat to global environmental wellness, with illegal logging as one of the major causes. Recently, there has been increased effort to model environmental crime, with the goal of assisting law enforcement agencies in deterring these activities. We present a continuous model for illegal logging applicable to arbitrary domains. We model the practice of criminals under influence of law enforcement agencies using tools from multiobjective optimal control theory and consider non-instantaneous logging events and load-dependent travel velocity. We calibrate our model using real deforestation data from the Brazilian rainforest and demonstrate the importance of geographically targeted patrol strategies.

Published
2021

18. The Energy Transition

Author

Aklin, Michael and Urpelainen, Johannes

Subjects
Energy minerals, Fossil fuels, Business
Abstract

You may not have seen the phrase ' just transition' before, but we guarantee you'll be seeing it a lot in coming years. Governments large and small, including those of [...]

Published
2023

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