Search

Uromyces hedysari-paniculati (Schwein.) Farl., in Ellis, N. Amer. Fung. Nº 246. 1879. Neotype on Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC, Newfield, New Jersey, USA, 1879, Ellis s.n. [Neotype chosen by Cummins (1978) from the exsiccati “North American Fungi number 246”]. (?/?, II / III). BASIONYM— Puccinia hedysari-paniculati Schweinitz, Schrift. Naturf. Ges. Leipzig 1: 74. 1822. SPECIMENS EXAMINED— BRAZIL, RIO DE JANEIRO, Itatiaia, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, on Leguminosae – Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC., 10.XII.2015, II, III, A . Martins Junior, A. A. Carvalho Junior & A. Riguetti 145/15 (RB 757103). DESCRIPTION AND ILLUSTRATION: Hennen et al. (2005) and Salazar-Yepes & Carvalho Jr (2010)., Published as part of Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins, Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal, Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica & Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho, 2022, Contributions to the knowledge and distribution of Pucciniales (rust fungi) in three Brazilian biomes, pp. 79-117 in Phytotaxa 577 (1) on page 112, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.577.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7517579, {"references":["Hennen, J. F., Figueiredo, M. B., Carvalho Jr, A. A. & Hennen, P. G. (2005) Catalogue of plant rust fungi (Uredinales) of Brazil, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // www. jbrj. gov. br / sites / all / themes / corporateclean / content / publicacoes / catalogue. pdf (accessed 10 August 2018).","Salazar-Yepes, M. & Carvalho Jr, A. A. (2010) Ferrugens: diversidade de Uredinales do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Brasil. Technical, Rio de Janeiro, 201 pp."]}

Uromyces commelinae Cooke, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburg 31: 342. 1888. Type on Commelina sp., Island of Socotra, South Yemen, s.d., s.col. (0/Icv ̿ IIpe/ III). SPECIMENS EXAMINED— BRAZIL, RIO DE JANEIRO, Itatiaia, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, on Commelinaceae – Commelina sp., 08.XII.2015, II, A . Martins Junior, A.A. Carvalho Junior & A. Riguetti 111/15 (RB 757222); 21.III.2017, A. Martins Junior & A.A. Carvalho Junior 50/17 (RB 757119); 22.III.2017, 77/17 (RB 757149). DESCRIPTION AND ILLUSTRATION: Hennen et al. (2005) and Salazar-Yepes & Carvalho Jr (2010)., Published as part of Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins, Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal, Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica & Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho, 2022, Contributions to the knowledge and distribution of Pucciniales (rust fungi) in three Brazilian biomes, pp. 79-117 in Phytotaxa 577 (1) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.577.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7517579, {"references":["Hennen, J. F., Figueiredo, M. B., Carvalho Jr, A. A. & Hennen, P. G. (2005) Catalogue of plant rust fungi (Uredinales) of Brazil, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // www. jbrj. gov. br / sites / all / themes / corporateclean / content / publicacoes / catalogue. pdf (accessed 10 August 2018).","Salazar-Yepes, M. & Carvalho Jr, A. A. (2010) Ferrugens: diversidade de Uredinales do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Brasil. Technical, Rio de Janeiro, 201 pp."]}

Uromyces setariae-italicae Yoshino,Bot. Mag. Tokyo 20:247.1906. Neotype on Setaria italica (L.) Beauv., Kumamoto, Pref. Kumamoto, Japan, 20.X.1906 (Neotype designated by Ramachar & Cummins, 1963). (?/? ̿ IIpe/III). SPECIMENS EXAMINED— BRAZIL, SÃO PAULO, Mogi Guaçu, Reserva Biológica de Mogi Guaçu, “Campinhinha” farm, on Poaceae – Melinis minutiflora P. Beuav., 03.V.2016, II, A. Martins Junior & A.A. Carvalho Junior 85/16 (RB 757264); 19.VI.2017, 185/17 (RB 756993); on Poaceae – Panicum maximum Hochst. ex A. Rich., 189/17 (RB 756986); Mogi Mirim, Forest Estaç ã o Experimental/ Horto Florestal de Mogi Mirim, 04.V.2016, II, 108/16 (RB 757253); on Poaceae, Panicum sp, 115/16 (RB 757016). DESCRIPTION AND ILLUSTRATION: Hennen et al. (2005) and Salazar-Yepes & Carvalho Jr (2010)., Published as part of Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins, Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal, Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica & Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho, 2022, Contributions to the knowledge and distribution of Pucciniales (rust fungi) in three Brazilian biomes, pp. 79-117 in Phytotaxa 577 (1) on page 113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.577.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7517579, {"references":["Hennen, J. F., Figueiredo, M. B., Carvalho Jr, A. A. & Hennen, P. G. (2005) Catalogue of plant rust fungi (Uredinales) of Brazil, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // www. jbrj. gov. br / sites / all / themes / corporateclean / content / publicacoes / catalogue. pdf (accessed 10 August 2018).","Salazar-Yepes, M. & Carvalho Jr, A. A. (2010) Ferrugens: diversidade de Uredinales do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Brasil. Technical, Rio de Janeiro, 201 pp."]}

Uromyces wulffiae-stenoglossae Dietel, Dietel, Ann. Mycol. 6: 96 (1908). Type on Tilesia baccata (L.f.) Pruski [= Wulffia stenoglossae (DC.) Huber], Belém, Pará State, Brazil, I.1908, C. F. Baker-s.n. (?/?,IIpe/III). Figure 7 (Q-S). SPECIMENS EXAMINED— BRAZIL, SÃO PAULO, Mogi Mirim, Forest Estaç ã o Experimental/Horto Florestal de Mogi Mirim, on Asteraceae – Tilesia baccata (L.f.) Pruski, 21.VI.2017, II, III, A. Martins Junior & A.A. Carvalho Junior 275/17 (RB 757007). DESCRIPTION: Hennen et al. (2005)., Published as part of Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins, Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal, Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica & Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho, 2022, Contributions to the knowledge and distribution of Pucciniales (rust fungi) in three Brazilian biomes, pp. 79-117 in Phytotaxa 577 (1) on page 113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.577.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7517579, {"references":["Hennen, J. F., Figueiredo, M. B., Carvalho Jr, A. A. & Hennen, P. G. (2005) Catalogue of plant rust fungi (Uredinales) of Brazil, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // www. jbrj. gov. br / sites / all / themes / corporateclean / content / publicacoes / catalogue. pdf (accessed 10 August 2018)."]}

Two new species of Pucciniales fungi on plants of the Fabid clade are described from samples deposited in the herbarium of Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, collected in the state of Amapá, in the Brazilian Amazon. They are Aecidium margaritariae found on Margaritaria nobilis (Phyllanthaceae), and Uromyces amapaensis on Jatropha gossypiifolia (Euphorbiaceae). The microstructures of the specimens were analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Aecidium margaritariae is characterized by the presence of globose, subglobose to slightly ellipsoid aeciospores with warty walls and smooth areas usually in the basal portion. Uromyces amapaensis is distinguished by the presence of uredinia with paraphyses which are thickened and rounded at the tip, and pedicellate and smooth teliospores. Descriptions, illustrations, and taxonomic comments are presented for each species. RESUMO Duas novas espécies de fungos Pucciniales sobre plantas do clado das fabídeas são descritas a partir de amostras depositadas no herbário do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, coletadas no estado do Amapá, na Amazonia Brasileira. Aecidium margaritariae ocorrendo sobre Margaritaria nobilis (Phyllanthaceae) e Uromyces amapaensis sobre Jatropha gossypiifolia (Euphorbiaceae). As microestruturas dos espécimes foram analisadas em microscópio óptico e em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Aecidium margaritariae se caracteriza por apresentar eciósporos globosos, subglobosos a levemente elipsoides, parede verrugosa com áreas lisas geralmente na extremidade basal. Uromyces amapaensis se diferencia por apresentar uredínios com paráfises engrossadas e arredondadas no ápice e teliósporos pedicelados, lisos. São apresentadas descrições, ilustrações e comentários taxonômicos para cada espécie.

Uromyces coronillae Viennot-Bourgin has been reported on Securigera parviflora (Desv.) Lassen for the first time from Anatolia (Turkey). Additionaly, Euphorbia prostrata Aiton infected by Uromyces tuberculatus Fuckel and Anemone coronaria L. infected by Ochropsora ariae (Fuckel) Ramsb. have been recorded as new hosts in the region. Macro and microscopic features of these microfungi and their distribution are given.

Faba bean is susceptible to several leaf diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. With the increasing importance of faba bean in northern European cropping systems, the importance of its leaf diseases is likely to increase. The aim of this study was to discriminate the diseases and to test agronomic strategies for limiting their spread in a five-year experiment. Chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis spp. and leaf blotches caused by an Alternaria/Stemphylium complex dominated, the severity of rust was lower, and downy mildew occurred in only one year. The severity of the diseases depended on weather conditions and cultivar, but not on sowing rate. Application of fungicides significantly decreased the severity of chocolate spot, leaf blotch and rust, but not downy mildew, and in no case was the disease progress stopped. None of the cultivars showed strong resistance to disease. The Alternaria/Stemphylium leaf blotch is an emerging disease of faba bean in northern Europe. Work continues on the identification of the responsible species in the chocolate spot and leaf blotch complexes and the determination of their relative importance in causing disease.

Nassella neesiana (Poaceae) is a perennial grass species indigenous to South America. While usually not troublesome and sometimes appreciated as a forage species within its native range, it is an unwanted species in other parts of the world, where it is considered a serious threat to native biodiversity and an important hindrance to agriculture. The difficulties encountered in controlling the species by chemical and cultural methods have led to investigate the feasibility of applying classical biological control in Australia and New Zealand. The rust Uromyces pencanus has been selected as a promising agent to this end. The effect of the disease caused by this fungus on growth of artificially inoculated N. neesiana plants was investigated. It was found that diseased plants incubated under controlled environmental conditions grew less, produced less green tissue and lost more aerial biomass than healthy control plants. The same tendency was observed under natural environmental conditions. Differences in growth pattern and resistance to disease were encountered between plants from different accessions reared under the same conditions during the experiments. The consequences such differences could have on the efficacy of the rust as a biological control agent are discussed.

The pathogen Uromyces viciae-fabae causes rust (a fungal disease) on faba bean (Vicia faba). This disease limits faba bean production in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Australia. The development of resistant cultivars to U. viciae-fabae is the optimal solution for sustainable disease management. However, unknown virulence in Australian U. viciae-fabae populations has confounded resistance breeding. This study examined differences in virulence among Australian U. viciae-fabae isolates collected from various locations and established a differential set of faba bean genotypes. Ten rust isolates were collected from the major faba bean growing regions in Australia and single spore cultures produced. These cultures were subsequently used for assessing virulence on 40 diverse faba bean genotypes. Based on the host-pathogen interactions, 12 putative host genotypes were identified as a differential set. A nomenclature system was subsequently developed using the binary pathotype naming system. Based upon host-pathogen interactions, nine virulence patterns were detected, and the isolates were named using the new nomenclature. We report characterization and naming of U. viciae-fabae pathotypes using differential genotypes in Australia. This differential set will help identify and track the evolution of new virulence in pathogen population and will assist pyramiding of rust resistance genes.

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate different fungicides against chickpea rust caused by Uromyces ciceris-arietini at Main Agricultural Research Station (MARS), Dharwad and ARS, Arabhavi during Rabi 2017 and 2018. The data on percent disease index and seed yield of chickpea for two years and two locations were pooled and revealed that, less percent disease index was observed in spray with Tebuconazole 50%+ Trifloxystrobin 25% w/w 75WG @ 0.5 g/l water and it was found effective in managing the disease with 15.81%. It was followed by Tebuconazole 25 EC @1.0 ml/l (16.60 %) and Propiconazole 25 EC @1 ml/l (18.06 %) and these are on par with each other. Highest percent disease index of 62.12 % was observed in untreated control. Seed yield of 12.38 q/ha was found in spray with Tebuconazole 50 %+ Trifloxystrobin 25% w/w 75WG @ 0.5 g/l water followed by 11.85 q/ha in spray with Tebuconazole 25 EC @1.0 ml/l water and 11.27 q/ha in spray with Propiconazole 25 EC @1 ml/l water. Minimum seed yield of 6.03 q/ha was found in untreated control.

Uromyces acori (Uredinales) A Causal Agent of Rust Disease of Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus) in Indonesia In Indonesia, an asexual state of a rust fungus namely Uredo acori has been considered as the causal agent rust disease of the sweet flag. No report according sexual state is available in Indonesia. The objectives of the present study are confirming the fungal identity morphologically and determine its optimal germinating temperature. An artificial inoculation was conducted by dusting the urediniospore onto detached leaves of sweet flag. Only leaves showed uredinia were selected. The tip bases of the leaves were dipped into a 4% sucrose solution, incubated in a room condition at 25 °C for inducing telial state with teliospore formations. Based on morphological characters of the teliospore and urediniospore, the rust fungus of sweet flag was identified as Uromyces acori. The fungus is germinating optimally at 25 °C.

Uromyces decoratus Syd. & P.Syd., in Sydow et al., Ann. Mycol. 5(6): 491 (1907) Figure 12 Uredinia amphigenous, mostly hypophyllous, circular or elongated, brownish, erumpent, subepidermal or exposed when the epidermis ruptures. Urediniospores globose or ellipsoidal, sometimes cylindrical or pyriform, (20–)16– 23(–30) × (15–)18–21(–23) µm (n = 60), pale yellow to brown, wall 1.5–2 µm thick, echinulate to warty, germ pores not seen. Telia hypophyllous, circular, dark brown to black, subepidermal, erumpent. Teliospores uni-cellular, globose, ovoid, ellipsoidal to broadly ellipsoidal, rarely cylindrical or angular, (25–)26–32(–35) × (15–)18–20 µm (n = 20), yellowish brown to dark brown, wall 2 µm thick, with relatively broad, shallow warts which are scattered or in irregular lines, each teliospore with one germ pore at the apex covered by a hyaline cap that is mostly 2–5(–7.5) µm long, pedicels hyaline, up to 75 µm long. For specimen TA431 from Benin two sequences were obtained. The 28S rDNA sequence (904 bp) shows a similarity of 98% with U. galegae on Galega officinalis L. (Fabaceae) (DQ250133, unpublished sequence deposited by C. Aime in 2006). The ITS rDNA sequence (542 bp) shows a similarity of 93% with U. striolatus which is a microcyclic rust on Euphorbia cyparissias L. (Euphorbiaceae) closely related to species heterocyclic on E. cyparissias and diverse species of Fabaceae (AF180201, Pfunder et al. 2001). According to these results, U. decoratus is closely related to rust fungi infecting beans, but there are no sequences available for this species until now. Host and distribution in Benin: —Uredinia and telia on Crotalaria retusa L. (Fabaceae), Central and Northeastern Benin. Specimens examined: — Uredinia and telia on Crotalaria retusa: BENIN. Borgou: Nikki, Sèrékali, elev. 423 m, 9°55’ N, 3°02’ E, 18 September 2019, A. Tabé, M. Piepenbring, Y. Meswaet, and M. U. Schmidt, TA431 (UNIPAR), GenBank Acc. no. LSU: OL 437040, ITS: OL 437019; Borgou: Parakou, Nima, elev. 364 m, 9°24’ N, 2°41’ E, 30 December 2020, A. Tabé, TA437 (UNIPAR). Known host species:—Primary hosts species: Crotalaria retusa and numerous other species of Crotalaria (Farr & Rossman 2020). Secondary host species: not known. Distribution: —Africa [Ghana (Leather 1959), Guinea (Kranz 1964a), Ivory Coast (Yen 1976b), Nigeria (Lenné 1990), Senegal (Bouhot 1966), Benin (this study)], Asia, Central America, South America (Farr & Rossman 2020). Comments: —In Africa, Crotalaria spp. have been reported as hosts of Uromyces crotalariae (Arthur) J.W.Baxter, U. decoratus, and U. occidentalis Dietel. U. crotalariae is characterized by teliospores that can be 20–27 µm long and 27–32 µm broad or 24–30 × 20–27 μm (versus 26–32 × 18–20 µm in the specimen from Benin) and have verrucose to echinulate ornamentation (Hennen et al. 2005) in contrast to flat warts partly in striae in the present specimen. U. occidentalis was described from Lupinus spp. from the USA (Dietel 1903) and was mentioned once on a species of Crotalaria in Nigeria (Eboh 1978). According to Dietel (1903), U. occidentalis is characterized by densely (not striate) warty teliospores measuring 17–26 × 16–21 µm (versus 26–32 × 18–20 µm in the Benin specimen). We consider that the identification proposed by Eboh (1978) is erroneous and that the specimen collected in Nigeria corresponds to U. decoratus, because he described urediniospores similar to those presented here for Benin as well as teliospores with warts partly in striae. The present specimen is identified as U. decoratus based on the presence of teliospores with flat warts partly in lines and sizes similar to those reported for the type (20–28 × 14–20 µm; Sydow et al. 1907) or approximately 19–31 × 14–20 µm as measured from diverse specimens by Bouhot (1966). This species is reported here for the first time for Benin.

This paper describes four new species of rust fungi from southern Africa. Three of them, Puccinia dimorphothecae-cuneatae on Dimorphotheca cuneata (Asteraceae), P. feliciicola on Felicia filifolia (Asteraceae), and Uredo myricae on Myrica sp. (Myricaceae), were collected in the South African Cape region, while Uromyces hessii on Zantedeschia angustiloba (Araceae) is from Angola. Rust fungi are reported for the first time on the plant genera Thereianthus (Iridaceae) and Cullumia (Asteraceae), both from South Africa. The specimen on Thereianthus was provisionally determined as Uromyces ecklonii that has been known so far only on Freesia. The rust of Cullumia showed only uredinia that were similar to Puccinia clanwilliamensis, hitherto only known on Berkheya.

Chickpea is one of the major pulse crop affected by various diseases, the rust caused by (Uromyces ciceris-arietini) (Grogon) Jacz. & Boyer is considered as one of the most distructive disease of chickpea. Rust pathogen affects in all growth stages results in substantial losses in terms of both quality and quantity parameters of grain and this reinforces the need to exploit several management strategies including chemical control. Therefore, present investigation was carried out to examine the efficacy of total of twelve chemicals fungicides alone and/or in combination against rust disease of chickpea in two independent locations viz., Arabhavi and Dharwad during 2017-18. The field experiment consisting of three replication and thirteen treatments. The results of the experiment revealed that all the twelve fungicides tested were found effective for the management of chickpea rust disease as compare to control (water spray). However spray combination of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% w/w 75 WG @ 1.0 g/l twice at onset of disease significantly reduced rust incidence with record of 14.28 PDI with high total yield of 12.36 qtl/ha followed by Tebuconazole 25 EC @1 ml/l recorded 15.72 PDI with yield of 12.22qtl/ha, Propioconazole 25EC @1.0 ml/lit (Tilt) recorded 16.41 PDI with higher yield of 11.17 qtl/ha) found effective in reducing the disease. While, Difenoconazole 25 EC@1 ml/l showed 17.45 PDI and yield of 10.56qtl/ha, Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% w/w 75WG @ 0.5 g/l recorded 18.25 PDI and 10.36qtl/ha of yield and Pyraclostrobin 25 EC @1 ml/l observed with 20.02 rust PDI with yield of 10.32qtl/ha showing equally effective in reducing rust percent disease incidence and increased yield when compared to control that recorded highest rust disease incidence (53.71 PDI) and lower yield (6.16 qtl/ha).

As a result of mycological research on the territory of Nuratau Nature Reserve, a new rust fungus for mycobiota of Uzbekistan — Uromyces helichrysi was found. This species was collected on Helichrysum nuratavicum (a new host for the U. helichrysi), an endemic plant that have been listed in Red Data Book of Uzbekistan. A brief description and photographs of U. helichrysi are provided.

Book Editor(s): Frans de Bruijn., Medicago truncatula is a model species to study legume defense mechanisms against rust infection. Different studies have characterized its host interactions with Uromyces striatus (alfalfa rust), and its nonhost resistance to other related rust species. The present review assesses how these studies allowed to understand the mechanisms of resistance operative in host and nonhost rust interactions, opening ways for the development of the necessary tools to speed up breeding for durable broad‐spectrum resistance to rust in otherwise unexplored legume crops.

Phytopathogenic fungi have been considered as being an enormous threat in the agricultural system. In our search of new antifungal natural products, nine new halogenated cyclopentenones, bicolorins A-I (1-3, and 5-10), along with three known cyclopentenones (4, 11, and 12) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Saccharicola bicolor of Bergenia purpurascens by the one strain-many compounds strategy. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallographic analysis, and time-dependent density functional theory-equivalent circulating density calculations. Compounds 1-12 showed antifungal activities against five phytopathogenic fungi (Uromyces viciae-fabae, Pythium dissimile, Gibberella zeae, Aspergillus niger, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum). Especially, bicolorins B and D (2 and 5) exhibited strong antifungal activities against P. dissimile with the MIC values of 6.2 and 8.5 μg/mL, respectively, compared with the positive control cycloheximide (MIC of 8.6 μg/mL). Additionally, bicolorin D was proven to be potently antifungal against S. sclerotiorum in vitro and in vivo. This work provides an effective strategy for searching antifungal candidate agents.

Rusts comprises the largest natural group of plant pathogens including approximately 8% of all described Fungi. Rust fungi are extremely plant pathogens responsible for great losses to agriculture productivity. Rust species belong to several genera among which more than half are Puccinia species. In Pakistan, rust causes severe damage to agriculture crops. Current study was carried out to identify and characterize different rust species common in the research area through microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Morpho-anatomical investigation of each collected rust species was carried out using different standard protocols. The dimensions of spores were measured and snapped under a stereomicroscope. SEM was used to examine the shape, size, and ornamentation of the spores of each rust fungus. Results revealed documentation of seven rust fungi, that is, Melampsora euphorbiae, Phragmidium barclayi, Puccinia nepalensis, P. exhausta, P. menthae, Uromyces capitatus, and Uromyces decorates belong to four different genera, were recorded. SEM revealed that spermogonia and Aecia were missing in most of the rust fungus studied. Uredinia was found in a scattered, irregular, lengthy, and epidermis-enclosed form. Urediniospores were found to be ovulating, elongated, echinulate, globose to sub-globose, ellipsoid to ovoid, and globose to sub-globose. Telia was found as sub-epidermal, amphigenous, dispersed, minute, and spherical cells. Teliospores ranged in form from cylindrical to oblong. The germ pores were detected in both apical (top cell) and basal (bottom cell) idiosyncratic and pedicel-attached cells. The techniques used in the current investigation will aid mycologists in rust identification and microscopic characterization.

Faba bean is gaining attention in Australia as a rotation grain legume where most of the country’s produce is exported. Rust, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, is a major constraint to Faba bean production in eastern Australia and its chemical control results in increased cost of production. The deployment of diverse sources of resistance in new cultivars underpins economic and eco-friendly control of rust diseases of crops. A selection from cultivar Doza (Doza#12034) and a European accession Ac1655 exhibited seedling rust resistance against U. viciae-fabae pathotype 24–40. Doza#12034 and Ac1655 were crossed with a susceptible genotype Fiord and recombinant inbred line (RIL) F6 populations were generated. Rust tests on Fiord/Doza#12034 and Fiord/Ac1655 F4 and F6 populations demonstrated monogenic inheritance of resistance in both crosses and the underlying resistance loci were named Uvf-2 and Uvf-3, respectively. Genetic mapping of both RIL populations located Uvf-2 and Uvf-3 in chromosomes III and V, respectively. The SNPs that showed linkage with Uvf-2 and Uvf-3 were converted into kompititive allele specific PCR (KASP) assays. Markers KASP_Vf_0703 and KASP_C250539 flanked Uvf-2 at 4.9 cM and 2.9 cM distances, whereas Uvf-3 was flanked by KASP_Ac×F165 (2.5 cM) and KASP_vf_1090 (10.1 cM). Markers KASP_Vf_0703 and KASP_Ac×F165 can be used for marker-assisted selection of Uvf-2 and Uvf-3, respectively, after confirming parental polymorphisms.

El objetivo del estudio es presentar y confirmar nuevos registros de Pucciniaceae provenientes de diferentes regiones de Colombia en las familias botánicas Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Loranthaceae y Poaceae, depositadas en el Museo Micológico de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Medellín. Se destacan seis nuevos registros: Puccinia esclavensis var. esclavensis, Puccinia humahuacensis, Puccinia improcera, Puccinia porphyretica, Puccinia viatica y Uromyces socius y tres nuevos géneros de hospedantes parasitados por royas en el país. Estos resultados permiten ampliar el conocimiento de la diversidad de royas en Colombia y obtener información de la distribución geográfica de las especies. We present here new records and first confirmation of Pucciniaceae species from different regions of Colombia belonging to the botanical families Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Loranthaceae and Poaceae deposited in the Museo Micológico at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Medellín(MMUNM). Six new records for the Pucciniales biota are highlighted: Puccinia esclavensis var. esclavensis, Puccinia humahuacensis, Puccinia improcera, Puccinia porphyretica, Puccinia viatica,and Uromyces socius, as well as three new genera of hosts parasitized by the rust in the country. These results enable a better knowledge of rust fungi diversity in Colombia and offer information on the geographical distribution of the species.

An updated analysis of the diversity of rust fungi in Himachal Pradesh is provided herein as a product of field surveys, of mycological analysis, and of all forms of published documentation and literature. The results of all forms of analysis revealed that Himachal Pradesh has 167 species of rust fungi belonging to the class Pucciniomycetes. The class is represented by 11 families, 23 genera with 167 species. The Pucciniaceae (96 species) followed by Phragmidiaceae (14 species) are the largest families of rust fungi reported from the state. Rest of the families were found associated with 1–10 species of rust fungi. The rust fungi (19 species) with uncertain placement are placed in incertae sedis. The rust genera reported from Himachal Pradesh so far are Aecidium, Chrysomyxa, Coleosporium, Frommea, Gymnosporangium, Kuehneola, Kweilingia, Melampsora, Monosporidium, Ochrospora, Peridermium, Phakopsora, Phragmidium, Pileolaria, Puccinia, Pucciniastrum, Pucciniostele, Ravenelia, Skierka, Uredinopsis, Uredo, Urocystis, and Uromyces.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir e ilustrar siete nuevos registros de Pucciniales (royas) recolectados en Colombia. Metodología: La determinación taxonómica se realizó por medio de la observación morfológica y la medición de las distintas estructuras del hongo. Resultados: Se encontraron dos nuevas especies de royas, una del género Uromyces sobre Loranthaceae y la otra del género anamórfico Uredendo sobre Araceae; y cinco nuevos registros de especies para Colombia, Milesina murariae, Puccinia araguata, Puccinia verbeniphila, Uredo rubescens y Uromyces mulini. Las siete especies mencionadas fueron halladas en colecciones procedentes de los departamentos de Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Chocó y Tolima y depositadas en el Museo Micológico de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín (MMUNM). Conclusión: Estos hallazgos contribuyen a mejorar el conocimiento de la biota de Pucciniales, su distribución geográfica y sus ciclos de vida. Abstract Objective: To describe and illustrate seven new records of Pucciniales (rust fungi) collected in Colombia. Methodology: The taxonomic determination was made through morphological observation and the measurement of the different structures of the fungus. Results: Two new species of rusts were found, one of the Uromyces genus on the Loranthaceae family and the other of the Uredendo anamorphic genus on the Araceae family, and five new species were recorded for Colombia: Milesina murariae, Puccinia araguata, Puccinia verbeniphila, Uredo rubescens and Uromyces mulini. The seven species previously mentioned were found in collections from the Departments of Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Chocó and Tolima and were deposited in the Mycological Museum at the Medellin campus of Universidad Nacional de Colombia (MMUNM). Conclusions: These findings contribute to increase the knowledge of the Pucciniales biota, its geographic distribution and its life cycles.

Alfalfa leaf rust caused by the fungal pathogen Uromyces striatus compromises forage yield and quality. We investigated the genetic basis of leaf rust resistance in alfalfa using an F1 mapping population segregating for resistance to the disease in addition to segregation for fall dormancy (FD) and winter hardiness (WH). The objective of this work was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with alfalfa leaf rust resistance using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) SNP markers in the biparental F1 mapping population. The female parent 3010 displayed susceptibility to rust while the male parent CW 1010 was moderately resistant. The mapping population consisted of 184 F1 progenies that were planted with the parents in a randomized complete block (RCBD) design with three replications at Watkinsville and Blairsville, GA. Four clones generated from stem cuttings of each genotype were planted in each replication. Phenotyping rust severity (RS) was based on the NAAIC visual rating scores of 1–5. RS and FD exhibited a negative phenotypic correlation (r = −0.26). RS and WH also exhibited a negative correlation (r = −0.27) suggesting that the dormant and winter hardy genotypes were more susceptible to leaf rust than the non-dormant and cold sensitive. Four QTL for alfalfa leaf rust resistance and one QTL for rust susceptibility were identified in the CW 1010 genetic map while three QTL for rust susceptibility were identified in the 3010 parent. The most important QTL Us-RustR1 explained 13% (R2 = 0.13) of the phenotypic variance. This study suggests that leaf rust resistance in alfalfa is most likely incomplete and has polygenic inheritance. Comparative genome analysis of QTL regions using sequences of significant SNPs revealed homology to M. truncatula sequences that were previously reported for their role in plant defense mechanisms. Validation of the QTLs in different genetic backgrounds as well as fine mapping of the QTL regions would be the next step of this research. The markers presented in this study would be valuable resources for alfalfa genetic improvement via marker-assisted selection (MAS).

Sugar beet rust disease (causal agent Uromyces betae) represents a serious threat to worldwide sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) crops, causing yield losses of up to 10% in the United Kingdom. Currently, the disease is managed mainly by application of fungicides after rust disease symptoms appear. Development of a future forecasting system, incorporating data on environmental factors and U. betae inoculum levels, would enable better disease control by more targeted application of fungicides. In this study, we developed a first molecular diagnostic, targeted to cytochrome b DNA sequences and based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology, for rapid (

Faba bean (Vicia faba) is a temperate grain legume of major importance in Mediterranean agriculture. Faba bean production can be severely constrained in the area by rust incited by Uromyces viciae-fabae. Control with fungicides is possible, but there is a growing interest on alternative control methods, compatible with organic agriculture. Intercropping faba bean with cereals has been suggested as an alternative to maximize land use and increase crop resilience, with potential beneficial effects reducing weeds and diseases. In the present work, we studied the effect of intercropping faba bean with barley, triticale or wheat on faba bean rust development. Field studies performed over two consecutive seasons in two different countries showed that faba bean rust is significantly reduced when faba bean is intercropped with cereals confirming the value of faba bean-cereal intercropping for the management of faba bean rust. These results confirm that, under our conditions, intercropping faba bean with cereals (oat, barley, wheat or triticale) could usefully contribute to the management of faba bean rust., This research was supported by EU-FP6-GLIP, PCI2020-111974-PRIMA-DiVicia projects, An-Najah National University, Palestine and RYC-2015-18961.

There is current interest in the revalorization of legume crops such as one-flowered vetch (Vicia articulata) that was widely cultivated in the past, but is today underutilized. Characterization of responses of existing germplasm to major biotic constraints is crucial for cultivar development. Our studies confirm that V. articulata germplasm can be severely infected by rusts, particularly by the rusts of pea (Uromyces pisi) and lentil (U. viciae-fabae ex. L. culinaris). Only moderate levels of quantitative resistance were identified to these rusts, with no hypersensitive resistance at all. On the contrary all accessions studied were very resistant to the rusts of common vetch (U. viciae-fabae ex V. sativa), faba bean (U. viciae-fabae ex V. faba) and chickpea (U. ciceris-arietini), resistance being frequently associated with hypersensitivity. Crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata) is known to infect Vicia species. Our field, pot and in vitro experiments showed that V. articulata can be infected by O. crenata, but levels of infection remained low compared to faba bean and pea checks., This research was funded by the Spanish Agencia Estatal Investigacion (AEI) Grant PCI2020-111974 (PRIMA-DiVicia) to finalize the data analysis.

Flower production is an important economic activity in the Cochabamba Valley, Bolivia. Species and varieties of Roses (Rosa sp-), Chrysanthemums (Chrysantemum sp.), Carnations (Dianthus carophyllus), Gladiolus (Gladiolus communis), Saticias (Limonium sp.), Liliums (Liliums sp.,) etc. are grown. Rusts affect a variety of crops, including flowers. The aim of this study, was identify the rust diseases that is affecting to three important flower species. Stems and leaves of samples with characteristic rust symptoms of smallholder farmer parcels were collected between 2016 and 2018 of the Chrysantemum grandiflorum, G. communis and Limonium sp. Based on morphometric studies the causal agent of rust diseases was identify as the first record to Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, Uromyces transversalis on Gladiolus and Uromyces limonii on Limonio in the Cochabamba Valley, Bolivia.