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2. Strong effect of demographic changes on Tuberculosis susceptibility in South Africa

Author

Oyageshio, Oshiomah P, Myrick, Justin W, Saayman, Jamie, van der Westhuizen, Lena, Al-Hindi, Dana R, Reynolds, Austin W, Zaitlen, Noah, Hoal, Eileen G, Uren, Caitlin, Möller, Marlo, and Henn, Brenna M

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Social Determinants of Health, HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Clinical Research, Rare Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Infection, Good Health and Well Being
Abstract

South Africa is among the world's top eight tuberculosis (TB) burden countries, and despite a focus on HIV-TB co-infection, most of the population living with TB are not HIV co-infected. The disease is endemic across the country, with 80-90% exposure by adulthood. We investigated epidemiological risk factors for (TB) in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa: an understudied TB endemic region with extreme TB incidence (926/100,000). We leveraged the population's high TB incidence and community transmission to design a case-control study with similar mechanisms of exposure between the groups. We recruited 1,126 participants with suspected TB from 12 community health clinics and generated a cohort of 774 individuals (cases = 374, controls = 400) after implementing our enrollment criteria. All participants were GeneXpert Ultra tested for active TB by a local clinic. We assessed important risk factors for active TB using logistic regression and random forest modeling. We find that factors commonly identified in other global populations tend to replicate in our study, e.g. male gender and residence in a town had significant effects on TB risk (OR: 3.02 [95% CI: 2.30-4.71]; OR: 3.20 [95% CI: 2.26-4.55]). We also tested for demographic factors that may uniquely reflect historical changes in health conditions in South Africa. We find that socioeconomic status (SES) significantly interacts with an individual's age (p = 0.0005) indicating that protective effect of higher SES changed across age cohorts. We further find that being born in a rural area and moving to a town strongly increases TB risk, while town birthplace and current rural residence is protective. These interaction effects reflect rapid demographic changes, specifically SES over recent generations and mobility, in South Africa. Our models show that such risk factors combined explain 19-21% of the variance (r2) in TB case/control status.

Published
2024

3. Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa

Author

Smith, Mackenzie H, Myrick, Justin W, Oyageshio, Oshiomah, Uren, Caitlin, Saayman, Jamie, Boolay, Sihaam, van der Westhuizen, Lena, Werely, Cedric, Möller, Marlo, Henn, Brenna M, and Reynolds, Austin W

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Services and Systems, Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Clinical Research, Nutrition, Obesity, Diabetes, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cardiovascular, Cancer, Stroke, Metabolic and endocrine, Oral and gastrointestinal, Good Health and Well Being, Female, Humans, Overweight, South Africa, Case-Control Studies, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index, Epidemiology, Global health, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

BackgroundIn the past several decades, obesity has become a major public health issue worldwide, associated with increased rates of chronic disease and death. Like many developing nations, South Africa is experiencing rapid increases in BMI, and as a result, evidence-based preventive strategies are needed to reduce the increasing burden of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity among a multi-ethnic cohort from the rural Northern Cape of South Africa.MethodsThese data were collected as part of a tuberculosis (TB) case-control study, with 395 healthy control participants included in the final analysis. Overweight and obesity were defined according to WHO classification. Multivariate linear models of BMI were generated using sex, age, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes as predictor variables. We also used multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship of these factors with overweight and obesity.ResultsThe average BMI in our study cohort was 25.2. The prevalence of overweight was 18.0% and the prevalence of obesity was 25.0%. We find that female sex, being older, having more years of formal education, having diabetes, and being in a rural area are all positively associated with BMI in our dataset. Women (OR = 5.6, 95% CI [3.3-9.8]), rural individuals (OR = 3.3, 95% CI [1.9-6.0]), older individuals (OR = 1.02, 95% CI [1-1.04]), and those with more years of education (OR = 1.2, 95% CI [1.09-1.32]) were all more likely to be overweight or obese. Alternatively, being a smoker is negatively associated with BMI and decreases one's odds of being overweight or obese (OR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.16-0.46]).ConclusionsWe observed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this study. The odds of being overweight and obese were higher in women, those living in rural areas, and those with more education, and increases with age. Community-based interventions to control obesity in this region should pay special attention to these groups.

Published
2023

4. Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination to prevent febrile and respiratory illness in adults (BRACE): secondary outcomes of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial

Author

Curtis, Nigel, Davidson, Andrew, Gardiner, Kaya, Gwee, Amanda, Jamieson, Tenaya, Messina, Nicole, Morawakage, Thilanka, Perlen, Susan, Perrett, Kirsten, Pittet, Laure, Sastry, Amber, Teo, Jia Wei, Orsini, Francesca, Lee, Katherine, Moore, Cecilia, Vidmar, Suzanna, PITTET, Laure, Ali, Rashida, Dunn, Ross, Edler, Peta, Gell, Grace, Goodall, Casey, Hall, Richard, Krastev, Ann, La, Nathan, McDonald, Ellie, McPhate, Nick, Nguyen, Thao, Ren, Jack, Stevens, Luke, Alamrousi, Ahmed, Bonnici, Rhian, Dang, Thanh, Germano, Susie, Hua, Jenny, McElroy, Rebecca, Razmovska, Monica, Reddiex, Scott, Wang, Xiaofang, Anderson, Jeremy, Azzopardi, Kristy, Bennett-Wood, Vicki, Czajko, Anna, Mazarakis, Nadia, McCafferty, Conor, Oppedisano, Frances, Ortika, Belinda, Pell, Casey, Spry, Leena, Toh, Ryan, Velagapudi, Sunitha, Vlahos, Amanda, Wee-Hee, Ashleigh, Ramos, Pedro, De La Cruz, Karina, Gamage, Dinusha, Karunanayake, Anushka, Mezzetti, Isabella, Ong, Benjamin, Singh, Ronita, Sooriyarachchi, Enoshini, Nicholson, Suellen, Cain, Natalie, Brizuela, Rianne, Huang, Han, Abruzzo, Veronica, Bealing, Morgan, Bimboese, Patricia, Bowes, Kirsty, Burrell, Emma, Chan, Joyce, Cushnahan, Jac, Elborough, Hannah, Elkington, Olivia, Fahey, Kieran, Fernandez, Monique, Flynn, Catherine, Fowler, Sarah, Andrit, Marie Gentile, Gladanac, Bojana, Hammond, Catherine, Ma, Norine, Macalister, Sam, Milojevic, Emmah, Mojeed, Jesutofunmi, Nguyen, Jill, O'Donnell, Liz, Olivier, Nadia, Ooi, Isabelle, Reynolds, Stephanie, Shen, Lisa, Sherry, Barb, Spotswood, Judith, Wedderburn, Jamie, Younes, Angela, Legge, Donna, Bell, Jason, Cheah, Jo, Cobbledick, Annie, Lim, Kee, Elia, Sonja, Addlem, Lynne, Bourke, Anna, Brophy, Clare, Henare, Nadine, Jenkins, Narelle, Machingaifa, Francesca, Miller, Skye, Mitchell, Kirsten, Pitkin, Sigrid, Wall, Kate, Villanueva, Paola, Crawford, Nigel, Norton, Wendy, Tan, Niki, Chengodu, Thilakavathi, Dawson, Diane, Gordon, Victoria, Korman, Tony, O'Bryan, Jess, Agius, Sophie, Bannister, Samantha, Bucholc, Jess, Burns, Alison, Camesella, Beatriz, Carlin, John, Ciaverella, Marianna, Curtis, Maxwell, Firth, Stephanie, Guo, Christina, Hannan, Matthew, Hill, Erin, Joshi, Sri, Lieschke, Katherine, Mathers, Megan, Odoi, Sasha, Rak, Ashleigh, Richards, Chris, Steve, Leah, Stewart, Carolyn, Sudbury, Eva, Thomson, Helen, Watts, Emma, Williams, Fiona, Young, Angela, Glenn, Penny, Kaynes, Andrew, De Floy, Amandine Philippart, Buchanan, Sandy, Sondag, Thijs, Xie, Ivy, Edmund, Harriet, Byrne, Bridie, Keeble, Tom, Ngien, Belle, Noonan, Fran, Wearing-Smith, Michelle, Clarke, Alison, Davies, Pemma, Eastwood, Oliver, Ellinghaus, Alric, Ghieh, Rachid, Hilton, Zahra, Jennings, Emma, Kakkos, Athina, Liang, Iris, Nicol, Katie, O'Callaghan, Sally, Osman, Helen, Rajaram, Gowri, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Rayner, Victoria, Salmon, Ashleigh, Scheppokat, Angela, Stevens, Aimee, Street, Rebekah, Toogood, Nicholas, Wood, Nicholas, Bahaduri, Twinkle, Baulman, Therese, Byrne, Jennifer, Carter, Candace, Corbett, Mary, Dao, Aiken, Desylva, Maria, Dunn, Andrew, Gardiner, Evangeline, Joyce, Rosemary, Kandasamy, Rama, Munns, Craig, Pelayo, Lisa, Sharma, Ketaki, Sterling, Katrina, Uren, Caitlin, Colaco, Clinton, Douglas, Mark, Hamilton, Kate, Bartlett, Adam, McMullan, Brendan, Palasanthiran, Pamela, Williams, Phoebe, Beardsley, Justin, Bergant, Nikki, Lagunday, Renier, Overton, Kristen, Post, Jeffrey, Al-Hindawi, Yasmeen, Barney, Sarah, Byrne, Anthony, Mead, Lee, Plit, Marshall, Lynn, David, Benson, Saoirse, Blake, Stephen, Botten, Rochelle, Chern, Tee Yee, Eden, Georgina, Griffith, Liddy, James, Jane, Lynn, Miriam, Markow, Angela, Sacca, Domenic, Stevens, Natalie, Wesselingh, Steve, Doran, Catriona, Barry, Simone, Sawka, Alice, Evans, Sue, Goodchild, Louise, Heath, Christine, Krieg, Meredith, Marshall, Helen, McMillan, Mark, Walker, Mary, Richmond, Peter, Amenyogbe, Nelly, Anthony, Christina, Arnold, Annabelle, Arrowsmith, Beth, Ben-Othman, Rym, Clark, Sharon, Dunnill, Jemma, Eiffler, Nat, Ewe, Krist, Finucane, Carolyn, Flynn, Lorraine, Gibson, Camille, Hartnell, Lucy, Hollams, Elysia, Hutton, Heidi, Jarvis, Lance, Jones, Jane, Jones, Jan, Jones, Karen, Kent, Jennifer, Kollmann, Tobias, Lalich, Debbie, Lee, Wenna, Lim, Rachel, McAlister, Sonia, McDonald, Fiona, Meehan, Andrea, Minhaj, Asma, Montgomery, Lisa, O'Donnell, Melissa, Ong, Jaslyn, Ong, Joanne, Parkin, Kimberley, Perez, Glady, Power, Catherine, Rezazadeh, Shadie, Richmond, Holly, Rogers, Sally, Schultz, Nikki, Shave, Margaret, Skut, Patrycja, Stiglmayer, Lisa, Truelove, Alexandra, Wadia, Ushma, Wallace, Rachael, Waring, Justin, England, Michelle, Latkovic, Erin, Manning, Laurens, Herrmann, Susan, Lucas, Michaela, Lacerda, Marcus, Andrade, Paulo Henrique, Barbosa, Fabiane Bianca, Barros, Dayanne, Brasil, Larissa, Capella, Ana Greyce, Castro, Ramon, Costa, Erlane, de Souza, Dilcimar, Dias, Maianne, Dias, José, Ferreira, Klenilson, Figueiredo, Paula, Freitas, Thamires, Furtado, Ana Carolina, Gama, Larissa, Godinho, Vanessa, Gouy, Cintia, Hinojosa, Daniele, Jardim, Bruno, Jardim, Tyane, Junior, Joel, Lima, Augustto, Maia, Bernardo, Marins, Adriana, Mazurega, Kelry, Medeiros, Tercilene, Melo, Rosangela, Moraes, Marinete, Nascimento, Elizandra, Neves, Juliana, Oliveira, Maria Gabriela, Oliveira, Thais, Oliveira, Ingrid, Otsuka, Arthur, Paes, Rayssa, Pereira, Handerson, Pereira, Gabrielle, Prado, Christiane, Queiroz, Evelyn, Rodrigues, Laleyska, Rodrigues, Bebeto, Sampaio, Vanderson, Santos, Anna Gabriela, Santos, Daniel, Santos, Tilza, Santos, Evelyn, Sartim, Ariandra, Silva, Ana Beatriz, Silva, Juliana, Silva, Emanuelle, Simão, Mariana, Soares, Caroline, Sousa, Antonny, Trindade, Alexandre, Val, Fernando, Vasconcelos, Adria, Vasconcelos, Heline, Croda, Julio, Abreu, Carolinne, Almeida, Katya Martinez, Bitencourt de Andrade, Camila, Campos Angelo, Jhenyfer Thalyta, Gonçalvez de Araújo Arcanjo, Ghislaine, Silva Menezes Arruda, Bianca Maria, Ayala, Wellyngthon Espindola, Refosco Barbosa, Adelita Agripina, Vieira Batista, Felipe Zampieri, de Morais Batista, Fabiani, de Jesus Costa, Miriam, Croda, Mariana Garcia, Alves da Cruz, Lais, Pereira Diogo, Roberta Carolina, Dutra Escobar, Rodrigo Cezar, Fernandes, Iara Rodrigues, Figueiredo, Leticia Ramires, Cavalcanti Gonçalves, Leandro Galdino, Lahdo, Sarita, Lencina, Joyce dos Santos, Teodoro de Lima, Guilherme, LEOPOLDINA MEIRELES, Bruna Tayara, Moreira, Debora Quadros, Silva Muranaka, Lilian Batista, de Oliveira, Adriely, Warszawski de Oliveira, Karla Regina, Vieira de Oliveira, Matheus, Dias de Oliveira, Roberto, Pereira, Andrea Antonia Souza de Almeida dos Reis, Puga, Marco, Ramos, Caroliny Veron, Souza da Rosa, Thaynara Haynara, Lopes dos Santos, Karla, Ribeiro dos Santos, Claudinalva, Leopoldina dos Santos, Dyenyffer Stéffany, Santos, Karina Marques, Pereira da Silva, Paulo César, Rocha da Silva, Paulo Victor, Silva, Débora dos Santos, Vieira da Silva, Patricia, Freitas da Rosa Soares, Bruno, Sperotto, Mariana Gazzoni, Tadokoro, Mariana Mayumi, Tsuha, Daniel, Ramos Vieira, Hugo Miguel, Pretti Dalcolmo, Margareth Maria, Lopes Alves da Paixão, Cíntia Maria, Corrêa E Castro, Gabriela, Collopy, Simone Silva, da Costa Silva, Renato, Almeida da Silveira, Samyra, Da-Cruz, Alda Maria, Maria da Silva Passos de Carvalho, Alessandra, de Cássia Batista, Rita, Silva De Freitas, Maria Luciana, Gerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira, Aline, Conceição de Souza, Ana Paula, Doblas, Paola Cerbino, Alcoforado da Silva dos Santos, Ayla, Cristine de Moraes dos Santos, Vanessa, Alves dos Santos Gomes, Dayane, Fortunato, Anderson Lage, Gomes-Silva, Adriano, Gonçalves, Monique Pinto, Garcia Meireless Junior, Paulo Leandro, Martins da Costa Carvalho, Estela, Motta, Fernando do Couto, Olivo de Mendonça, Ligia Maria, Pandine, Girlene dos Santos, Plácido Pereira, Rosa Maria, Maia, Ivan Ramos, Luiz da Rocha, Jorge, Paiva Romano, João Victor, Santos, Glauce dos, Fernandes da Silva, Erica, Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Marilda Agudo, Prudêncio Soares, Ágatha Cristinne, Bonten, Marc, Arroyo, Sandra Franch, Besten, Henny Ophorst-den, Boon, Anna, Brakke, Karin M., Janssen, Axel, Koopmans, Marijke A.H., Lemmens, Toos, Leurink, Titia, Prat-Aymerich, Cristina, Septer-Bijleveld, Engelien, Stadhouders, Kimberly, Troeman, Darren, van der Waal, Marije, van Opdorp, Marjoleine, van Sluis, Nicolette, Wolters, Beatrijs, Kluytmans, Jan, Romme, Jannie, van den Bijllaardt, Wouter, van Mook, Linda, Rijen, M.M.L (Miranda) van, Filius, P.M.G., Gisolf, Jet, Greven, Frances, Huijbens, Danique, Hassing, Robert Jan, Pon, R.C., Preijers, Lieke, van Leusen, J.H., Verheij, Harald, Boersma, Wim, Brans, Evelien, Kloeg, Paul, Molenaar-Groot, Kitty, Nguyen, Nhat Khanh, Paternotte, Nienke, Rol, Anke, Stooper, Lida, Dijkstra, Helga, Eggenhuizen, Esther, Huijs, Lucas, Moorlag, Simone, Netea, Mihai, Pranger, Eva, Taks, Esther, Oever, Jaap ten, Heine, Rob ter, Blauwendraat, Kitty, Meek, Bob, Erkaya, Isil, Harbech, Houda, Roescher, Nienke, Peeters, Rifka, Riele, Menno te, Zhou, Carmen, Calbo, Esther, Marti, Cristina Badia, Palomares, Emma Triviño, Porcuna, Tomás Perez, Barriocanal, Anabel, Barriocanal, Ana Maria, Casas, Irma, Dominguez, Jose, Esteve, Maria, Lacoma, Alicia, Latorre, Irene, Molina, Gemma, Molina, Barbara, Rosell, Antoni, Vidal, Sandra, Barrera, Lydia, Bustos, Natalia, Calderón, Ines Portillo, Campos, David Gutierrez, Carretero, Jose Manuel, Castellano, Angel Dominguez, Compagnone, Renato, Ramirez de Arellano, Encarnacion, Serna, Almudena de la, del Toro Lopez, Maria Dolores, Clement Espindola, Marie-Alix, Martin Gutierrez, Ana Belen, Hernandez, Alvaro Pascual, Jiménez, Virginia Palomo, Moreno, Elisa, Navarrete, Nicolas, Paño, Teresa Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Tristán, Enriqueta, Rios Villegas, Maria Jose, Garces, Atsegiñe Canga, Amo, Erika Castro, Guerrero, Raquel Coya, Goikoetxea, Josune, Jorge, Leticia, Perez, Cristina, Fariñas Álvarez, María Carmen, Cuadra, Manuel Gutierrez, Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, Francisco, Garcia, Pilar Bohedo, Poderos, Teresa Giménez, Rico, Claudia González, Sanchez, Blanca, Valero, Olga, Vega, Noelia, Campbell, John, Barnes, Anna, Catterick, Helen, Cranston, Tim, Dawe, Phoebe, Fletcher, Emily, Fouracre, Liam, Gifford, Alison, Gow, Neil, Kirkwood, John, Martin, Christopher, McAnew, Amy, Mitchell, Marcus, Newman, Georgina, O'Connell, Abby, Onysk, Jakob, Quinn, Lynne, Rhodes, Shelley, Stone, Samuel, Symons, Lorrie, Tripp, Harry, Watkins, Darcy, Whale, Bethany, Harding, Alex, Lockhart, Gemma, Sidaway-Lee, Kate, Hilton, Sam, Manton, Sarah, Webber-Rookes, Daniel, Winder, Rachel, Moore, James, Bateman, Freya, Gibbons, Michael, Knight, Bridget, Moss, Julie, Statton, Sarah, Studham, Josephine, Hall, Lydia, Moyle, Will, Venton, Tamsin, Pittet, Laure F., Messina, Nicole L., Croda, Mariana G., Dalcolmo, Margareth, Lacerda, Marcus V.G., Lynn, David J., Perrett, Kirsten P., Post, Jeffrey J., Richmond, Peter C., Rocha, Jorge L., Rodriguez-Baño, Jesus, Warris, Adilia, and Wood, Nicholas J.

Published
2024
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6. Specific and off-target immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccines—an exploratory sub-study of the BRACE trial

Author

Curtis, Nigel, Davidson, Andrew, Gardiner, Kaya, Gwee, Amanda, Jamieson, Tenaya, Messina, Nicole, Morawakage, Thilanka, Perlen, Susan, Perrett, Kirsten, Pittet, Laure, Sastry, Amber, Teo, Jia Wei, Orsini, Francesca, Lee, Katherine, Moore, Cecilia, Vidmar, Suzanna, Ali, Rashida, Dunn, Ross, Edler, Peta, Gell, Grace, Goodall, Casey, Hall, Richard, Krastev, Ann, La, Nathan, McDonald, Ellie, McPhate, Nick, Nguyen, Thao, Ren, Jack, Stevens, Luke, Alamrousi, Ahmed, Bonnici, Rhian, Dang, Thanh, Germano, Susie, Hua, Jenny, McElroy, Rebecca, Razmovska, Monica, Reddiex, Scott, Wang, Xiaofang, Anderson, Jeremy, Azzopardi, Kristy, Bennett-Wood, Vicki, Czajko, Anna, Mazarakis, Nadia, McCafferty, Conor, Oppedisano, Frances, Ortika, Belinda, Pell, Casey, Spry, Leena, Toh, Ryan, Velagapudi, Sunitha, Vlahos, Amanda, Wee-Hee, Ashleigh, Ramos, Pedro, De La Cruz, Karina, Gamage, Dinusha, Karunanayake, Anushka, Mezzetti, Isabella, Ong, Benjamin, Singh, Ronita, Sooriyarachchi, Enoshini, Nicholson, Suellen, Cain, Natalie, Brizuela, Rianne, Huang, Han, Abruzzo, Veronica, Bealing, Morgan, Bimboese, Patricia, Bowes, Kirsty, Burrell, Emma, Chan, Joyce, Cushnahan, Jac, Elborough, Hannah, Elkington, Olivia, Fahey, Kieran, Fernandez, Monique, Flynn, Catherine, Fowler, Sarah, Andrit, Marie Gentile, Gladanac, Bojana, Hammond, Catherine, Ma, Norine, Macalister, Sam, Milojevic, Emmah, Mojeed, Jesutofunmi, Nguyen, Jill, O’Donnell, Liz, Olivier, Nadia, Ooi, Isabelle, Reynolds, Stephanie, Shen, Lisa, Sherry, Barb, Spotswood, Judith, Wedderburn, Jamie, Younes, Angela, Legge, Donna, Bell, Jason, Cheah, Jo, Cobbledick, Annie, Lim, Kee, Elia, Sonja, Addlem, Lynne, Bourke, Anna, Brophy, Clare, Henare, Nadine, Jenkins, Narelle, Machingaifa, Francesca, Miller, Skye, Mitchell, Kirsten, Pitkin, Sigrid, Wall, Kate, Villanueva, Paola, Crawford, Nigel, Norton, Wendy, Tan, Niki, Chengodu, Thilakavathi, Dawson, Diane, Gordon, Victoria, Korman, Tony, O’Bryan, Jess, Agius, Sophie, Bannister, Samantha, Bucholc, Jess, Burns, Alison, Camesella, Beatriz, Carlin, John, Ciaverella, Marianna, Curtis, Maxwell, Firth, Stephanie, Guo, Christina, Hannan, Matthew, Hill, Erin, Joshi, Sri, Lieschke, Katherine, Mathers, Megan, Odoi, Sasha, Rak, Ashleigh, Richards, Chris, Steve, Leah, Stewart, Carolyn, Sudbury, Eva, Thomson, Helen, Watts, Emma, Williams, Fiona, Young, Angela, Glenn, Penny, Kaynes, Andrew, De Floy, Amandine Philippart, Buchanan, Sandy, Sondag, Thijs, Xie, Ivy, Edmund, Harriet, Byrne, Bridie, Keeble, Tom, Ngien, Belle, Noonan, Fran, Wearing-Smith, Michelle, Clarke, Alison, Davies, Pemma, Eastwood, Oliver, Ellinghaus, Alric, Ghieh, Rachid, Hilton, Zahra, Jennings, Emma, Kakkos, Athina, Liang, Iris, Nicol, Katie, O’Callaghan, Sally, Osman, Helen, Rajaram, Gowri, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Rayner, Victoria, Salmon, Ashleigh, Scheppokat, Angela, Stevens, Aimee, Street, Rebekah, Toogood, Nicholas, Wood, Nicholas, Bahaduri, Twinkle, Baulman, Therese, Byrne, Jennifer, Carter, Candace, Corbett, Mary, Dao, Aiken, Desylva, Maria, Dunn, Andrew, Gardiner, Evangeline, Joyce, Rosemary, Kandasamy, Rama, Munns, Craig, Pelayo, Lisa, Sharma, Ketaki, Sterling, Katrina, Uren, Caitlin, Colaco, Clinton, Douglas, Mark, Hamilton, Kate, Bartlett, Adam, McMullan, Brendan, Palasanthiran, Pamela, Williams, Phoebe, Beardsley, Justin, Bergant, Nikki, Lagunday, Renier, Overton, Kristen, Post, Jeffrey, Al-Hindawi, Yasmeen, Barney, Sarah, Byrne, Anthony, Mead, Lee, Plit, Marshall, Lynn, David, Benson, Saoirse, Blake, Stephen, Botten, Rochelle, Chern, Tee Yee, Eden, Georgina, Griffith, Liddy, James, Jane, Lynn, Miriam, Markow, Angela, Sacca, Domenic, Stevens, Natalie, Wesselingh, Steve, Doran, Catriona, Barry, Simone, Sawka, Alice, Evans, Sue, Goodchild, Louise, Heath, Christine, Krieg, Meredith, Marshall, Helen, McMillan, Mark, Walker, Mary, Richmond, Peter, Amenyogbe, Nelly, Anthony, Christina, Arnold, Annabelle, Arrowsmith, Beth, Ben-Othman, Rym, Clark, Sharon, Dunnill, Jemma, Eiffler, Nat, Ewe, Krist, Finucane, Carolyn, Flynn, Lorraine, Gibson, Camille, Hartnell, Lucy, Hollams, Elysia, Hutton, Heidi, Jarvis, Lance, Jones, Jane, Jones, Jan, Jones, Karen, Kent, Jennifer, Kollmann, Tobias, Lalich, Debbie, Lee, Wenna, Lim, Rachel, McAlister, Sonia, McDonald, Fiona, Meehan, Andrea, Minhaj, Asma, Montgomery, Lisa, O’Donnell, Melissa, Ong, Jaslyn, Ong, Joanne, Parkin, Kimberley, Perez, Glady, Power, Catherine, Rezazadeh, Shadie, Richmond, Holly, Rogers, Sally, Schultz, Nikki, Shave, Margaret, Skut, Patrycja, Stiglmayer, Lisa, Truelove, Alexandra, Wadia, Ushma, Wallace, Rachael, Waring, Justin, England, Michelle, Latkovic, Erin, Manning, Laurens, Herrmann, Susan, Lucas, Michaela, Lacerda, Marcus, Andrade, Paulo Henrique, Barbosa, Fabiane Bianca, Barros, Dayanne, Brasil, Larissa, Capella, Ana Greyce, Castro, Ramon, Costa, Erlane, de Souza, Dilcimar, Dias, Maianne, Dias, José, Ferreira, Klenilson, Figueiredo, Paula, Freitas, Thamires, Furtado, Ana Carolina, Gama, Larissa, Godinho, Vanessa, Gouy, Cintia, Hinojosa, Daniele, Jardim, Bruno, Jardim, Tyane, Junior, Joel, Lima, Augustto, Maia, Bernardo, Marins, Adriana, Mazurega, Kelry, Medeiros, Tercilene, Melo, Rosangela, Moraes, Marinete, Nascimento, Elizandra, Neves, Juliana, Oliveira, Maria Gabriela, Oliveira, Thais, Oliveira, Ingrid, Otsuka, Arthur, Paes, Rayssa, Pereira, Handerson, Pereira, Gabrielle, Prado, Christiane, Queiroz, Evelyn, Rodrigues, Laleyska, Rodrigues, Bebeto, Sampaio, Vanderson, Santos, Anna Gabriela, Santos, Daniel, Santos, Tilza, Santos, Evelyn, Sartim, Ariandra, Silva, Ana Beatriz, Silva, Juliana, Silva, Emanuelle, Simão, Mariana, Soares, Caroline, Sousa, Antonny, Trindade, Alexandre, Val, Fernando, Vasconcelos, Adria, Vasconcelos, Heline, Croda, Julio, Abreu, Carolinne, Almeida, Katya Martinez, Bitencourt de Andrade, Camila, Campos Angelo, Jhenyfer Thalyta, Gonçalvez de Araújo Arcanjo, Ghislaine, Silva Menezes Arruda, Bianca Maria, Ayala, Wellyngthon Espindola, Refosco Barbosa, Adelita Agripina, Vieira Batista, Felipe Zampieri, de Morais Batista, Fabiani, de Jesus Costa, Miriam, Croda, Mariana Garcia, Alves da Cruz, Lais, Pereira Diogo, Roberta Carolina, Dutra Escobar, Rodrigo Cezar, Fernandes, Iara Rodrigues, Figueiredo, Leticia Ramires, Cavalcanti Gonçalves, Leandro Galdino, Lahdo, Sarita, Lencina, Joyce dos Santos, Teodoro de Lima, Guilherme, Matos, Larissa Santos, Leopoldina Meireles, Bruna Tayara, Moreira, Debora Quadros, Silva Muranaka, Lilian Batista, de Oliveira, Adriely, Warszawski de Oliveira, Karla Regina, Vieira de Oliveira, Matheus, Dias de Oliveira, Roberto, Souza de Almeida dos Reis Pereira, Andrea Antonia, Puga, Marco, Ramos, Caroliny Veron, Souza da Rosa, Thaynara Haynara, Lopes dos Santos, Karla, Ribeiro dos Santos, Claudinalva, Leopoldina dos Santos, Dyenyffer Stéffany, Santos, Karina Marques, Pereira da Silva, Paulo César, Rocha da Silva, Paulo Victor, Silva, Débora dos Santos, Vieira da Silva, Patricia, Freitas da Rosa Soares, Bruno, Sperotto, Mariana Gazzoni, Tadokoro, Mariana Mayumi, Tsuha, Daniel, Ramos Vieira, Hugo Miguel, Pretti Dalcolmo, Margareth Maria, Lopes Alves da Paixão, Cíntia Maria, Corrêa E Castro, Gabriela, Collopy, Simone Silva, da Costa Silva, Renato, Almeida da Silveira, Samyra, Da-Cruz, Alda Maria, Maria da Silva Passos de Carvalho, Alessandra, de Cássia Batista, Rita, Silva De Freitas, Maria Luciana, Gerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira, Aline, Conceição de Souza, Ana Paula, Doblas, Paola Cerbino, Alcoforado da Silva dos Santos, Ayla, Cristine de Moraes dos Santos, Vanessa, Alves dos Santos Gomes, Dayane, Fortunato, Anderson Lage, Gomes-Silva, Adriano, Gonçalves, Monique Pinto, Garcia Meireless Junior, Paulo Leandro, Martins da Costa Carvalho, Estela, Motta, Fernando do Couto, Olivo de Mendonça, Ligia Maria, Pandine, Girlene dos Santos, Plácido Pereira, Rosa Maria, Maia, Ivan Ramos, Luiz da Rocha, Jorge, Paiva Romano, João Victor, Santos, Glauce dos, Fernandes da Silva, Erica, Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Marilda Agudo, Prudêncio Soares, Ágatha Cristinne, Bonten, Marc, Arroyo, Sandra Franch, Besten, Henny Ophorst-den, Boon, Anna, Brakke, Karin M., Janssen, Axel, Koopmans, Marijke A.H., Lemmens, Toos, Leurink, Titia, Prat-Aymerich, Cristina, Septer-Bijleveld, Engelien, Stadhouders, Kimberly, Troeman, Darren, van der Waal, Marije, van Opdorp, Marjoleine, van Sluis, Nicolette, Wolters, Beatrijs, Kluytmans, Jan, Romme, Jannie, van den Bijllaardt, Wouter, van Mook, Linda, Rijen, M.M.L (Miranda) van, Filius, Margreet, Gisolf, Jet, Greven, Frances, Huijbens, Danique, Hassing, Robert Jan, Pon, Roos, Preijers, Lieke, van Leusen, Joke, Verheij, Harald, Boersma, Wim, Brans, Evelien, Kloeg, Paul, Molenaar-Groot, Kitty, Nguyen, Nhat Khanh, Paternotte, Nienke, Rol, Anke, Stooper, Lida, Dijkstra, Helga, Eggenhuizen, Esther, Huijs, Lucas, Moorlag, Simone, Netea, Mihai, Pranger, Eva, Taks, Esther, Oever, Jaap ten, Heine, Rob ter, Blauwendraat, Kitty, Meek, Bob, Erkaya, Isil, Harbech, Houda, Roescher, Nienke, Peeters, Rifka, Riele, Menno te, Zhou, Carmen, Calbo, Esther, Marti, Cristina Badia, Palomares, Emma Triviño, Porcuna, Tomás Perez, Barriocanal, Anabel, Barriocanal, Ana Maria, Casas, Irma, Dominguez, Jose, Esteve, Maria, Lacoma, Alicia, Latorre, Irene, Molina, Gemma, Molina, Barbara, Rosell, Antoni, Vidal, Sandra, Barrera, Lydia, Bustos, Natalia, Calderón, Ines Portillo, Campos, David Gutierrez, Carretero, Jose Manuel, Castellano, Angel Dominguez, Compagnone, Renato, Ramirez de Arellano, Encarnacion, Serna, Almudena de la, Dolores del Toro Lopez, Maria, Clement Espindola, Marie-Alix, Martin Gutierrez, Ana Belen, Hernandez, Alvaro Pascual, Jiménez, Virginia Palomo, Moreno, Elisa, Navarrete, Nicolas, Paño, Teresa Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Tristán, Enriqueta, Rios Villegas, Maria Jose, Garces, Atsegiñe Canga, Amo, Erika Castro, Guerrero, Raquel Coya, Goikoetxea, Josune, Jorge, Leticia, Perez, Cristina, Fariñas Álvarez, María Carmen, Cuadra, Manuel Gutierrez, Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, Francisco, Garcia, Pilar Bohedo, Poderos, Teresa Giménez, Rico, Claudia González, Sanchez, Blanca, Valero, Olga, Vega, Noelia, Campbell, John, Barnes, Anna, Catterick, Helen, Cranston, Tim, Dawe, Phoebe, Fletcher, Emily, Fouracre, Liam, Gifford, Alison, Kirkwood, John, Martin, Christopher, McAnew, Amy, Mitchell, Marcus, Newman, Georgina, O’Connell, Abby, Onysk, Jakob, Quinn, Lynne, Rhodes, Shelley, Stone, Samuel, Symons, Lorrie, Tripp, Harry, Warris, Adilia, Watkins, Darcy, Whale, Bethany, Harding, Alex, Lockhart, Gemma, Sidaway-Lee, Kate, Hilton, Sam, Manton, Sarah, Webber-Rookes, Daniel, Winder, Rachel, Moore, James, Bateman, Freya, Gibbons, Michael, Knight, Bridget, Moss, Julie, Statton, Sarah, Studham, Josephine, Hall, Lydia, Moyle, Will, Venton, Tamsin, Messina, Nicole L., Grubor-Bauk, Branka, Lynn, David J., Perrett, Kirsten P., Pittet, Laure F., Rudraraju, Rajeev, Stevens, Natalie E., and Subbarao, Kanta

Published
2024
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7. The recombination landscape of the Khoe-San likely represents the upper limits of recombination divergence in humans

Author

van Eeden, Gerald, Uren, Caitlin, Pless, Evlyn, Mastoras, Mira, van der Spuy, Gian D, Tromp, Gerard, Henn, Brenna M, and Möller, Marlo

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Africa, Southern, Biological Evolution, Black People, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Humans, Recombination rate, Recombination map, Genetic map, Khoe-San, Selection scan, Environmental Sciences, Information and Computing Sciences, Bioinformatics
Abstract

BackgroundRecombination maps are  important resources for epidemiological and evolutionary analyses; however, there are currently no recombination maps representing any African population outside of those with West African ancestry. We infer the demographic history for the Nama, an indigenous Khoe-San population of southern Africa, and derive a novel, population-specific recombination map from the whole genome sequencing of 54 Nama individuals. We hypothesise that there are no publicly available recombination maps representative of the Nama, considering the deep population divergence and subsequent isolation of the Khoe-San from other African groups.ResultsWe show that the recombination landscape of the Nama does not cluster with any continental groups with publicly available representative recombination maps. Finally, we use selection scans as an example of how fine-scale differences between the Nama recombination map and the combined Phase II HapMap recombination map can impact the outcome of selection scans.ConclusionsFine-scale differences in recombination can meaningfully alter the results of a selection scan. The recombination map we infer likely represents an upper bound on the extent of divergence we expect to see for a recombination map in humans and would be of interest to any researcher that wants to test the sensitivity of population genetic or GWAS analysis to recombination map input.

Published
2022

8. Inferring recombination patterns in African populations

Author

van Eeden, Gerald, Uren, Caitlin, Möller, Marlo, and Henn, Brenna M

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Generic health relevance, Africa, Black People, Decision Trees, Evolution, Molecular, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Haplotypes, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Recombination, Genetic, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Although several high-resolution recombination maps exist for European-descent populations, the recombination landscape of African populations remains relatively understudied. Given that there is high genetic divergence among groups in Africa, it is possible that recombination hotspots also diverge significantly. Both limitations and opportunities exist for developing recombination maps for these populations. In this review, we discuss various recombination inference methods, and the strengths and weaknesses of these methods in analyzing recombination in African-descent populations. Furthermore, we provide a decision tree and recommendations for which inference method to use in various research contexts. Establishing an appropriate methodology for recombination rate inference in a particular study will improve the accuracy of various downstream analyses including but not limited to local ancestry inference, haplotype phasing, fine-mapping of GWAS loci and genome assemblies.

Published
2021

9. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination for protection against recurrent herpes labialis: a nested randomised controlled trial

Author

Curtis, Nigel, Davidson, Andrew, Gardiner, Kaya, Gwee, Amanda, Jamieson, Tenaya, Messina, Nicole, Morawakage, Thilanka, Perlen, Susan, Perrett, Kirsten, Pittet, Laure, Sastry, Amber, Teo, Jia Wei, Orsini, Francesca, Lee, Katherine, Moore, Cecilia, Vidmar, Suzanna, Ali, Rashida, Dunn, Ross, Edler, Peta, Gell, Grace, Goodall, Casey, Hall, Richard, Krastev, Ann, La, Nathan, McDonald, Ellie, McPhate, Nick, Nguyen, Thao, Ren, Jack, Stevens, Luke, Alamrousi, Ahmed, Bonnici, Rhian, Dang, Thanh, Germano, Susie, Hua, Jenny, McElroy, Rebecca, Razmovska, Monica, Reddiex, Scott, Wang, Xiaofang, Anderson, Jeremy, Azzopardi, Kristy, Bennett-Wood, Vicki, Czajko, Anna, Mazarakis, Nadia, McCafferty, Conor, Oppedisano, Frances, Ortika, Belinda, Pell, Casey, Spry, Leena, Toh, Ryan, Velagapudi, Sunitha, Vlahos, Amanda, Wee-Hee, Ashleigh, Ramos, Pedro, De La Cruz, Karina, Gamage, Dinusha, Karunanayake, Anushka, Mezzetti, Isabella, Ong, Benjamin, Singh, Ronita, Sooriyarachchi, Enoshini, Nicholson, Suellen, Cain, Natalie, Brizuela, Rianne, Huang, Han, Abruzzo, Veronica, Bealing, Morgan, Bimboese, Patricia, Bowes, Kirsty, Burrell, Emma, Chan, Joyce, Cushnahan, Jac, Elborough, Hannah, Elkington, Olivia, Fahey, Kieran, Fernandez, Monique, Flynn, Catherine, Fowler, Sarah, Andrit, Marie Gentile, Gladanac, Bojana, Hammond, Catherine, Ma, Norine, Macalister, Sam, Milojevic, Emmah, Mojeed, Jesutofunmi, Nguyen, Jill, O'Donnell, Liz, Olivier, Nadia, Ooi, Isabelle, Reynolds, Stephanie, Shen, Lisa, Sherry, Barb, Spotswood, Judith, Wedderburn, Jamie, Younes, Angela, Legge, Donna, Bell, Jason, Cheah, Jo, Cobbledick, Annie, Lim, Kee, Elia, Sonja, Addlem, Lynne, Bourke, Anna, Brophy, Clare, Henare, Nadine, Jenkins, Narelle, Machingaifa, Francesca, Miller, Skye, Mitchell, Kirsten, Pitkin, Sigrid, Wall, Kate, Villanueva, Paola, Crawford, Nigel, Norton, Wendy, Tan, Niki, Chengodu, Thilakavathi, Dawson, Diane, Gordon, Victoria, Korman, Tony, O'Bryan, Jess, Agius, Sophie, Bannister, Samantha, Bucholc, Jess, Burns, Alison, Camesella, Beatriz, Carlin, John, Ciaverella, Marianna, Curtis, Maxwell, Firth, Stephanie, Guo, Christina, Hannan, Matthew, Hill, Erin, Joshi, Sri, Lieschke, Katherine, Mathers, Megan, Odoi, Sasha, Rak, Ashleigh, Richards, Chris, Steve, Leah, Stewart, Carolyn, Sudbury, Eva, Thomson, Helen, Watts, Emma, Williams, Fiona, Young, Angela, Glenn, Penny, Kaynes, Andrew, Philippart De Floy, Amandine, Buchanan, Sandy, Sondag, Thijs, Xie, Ivy, Edmund, Harriet, Byrne, Bridie, Keeble, Tom, Ngien, Belle, Noonan, Fran, Wearing-Smith, Michelle, Clarke, Alison, Davies, Pemma, Eastwood, Oliver, Ellinghaus, Alric, Ghieh, Rachid, Hilton, Zahra, Jennings, Emma, Kakkos, Athina, Liang, Iris, Nicol, Katie, O'Callaghan, Sally, Osman, Helen, Rajaram, Gowri, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Rayner, Victoria, Salmon, Ashleigh, Scheppokat, Angela, Stevens, Aimee, Street, Rebekah, Toogood, Nicholas, Wood, Nicholas, Bahaduri, Twinkle, Baulman, Therese, Byrne, Jennifer, Carter, Candace, Corbett, Mary, Dao, Aiken, Desylva, Maria, Dunn, Andrew, Gardiner, Evangeline, Joyce, Rosemary, Kandasamy, Rama, Munns, Craig, Pelayo, Lisa, Sharma, Ketaki, Sterling, Katrina, Uren, Caitlin, Colaco, Clinton, Douglas, Mark, Hamilton, Kate, Bartlett, Adam, McMullan, Brendan, Palasanthiran, Pamela, Williams, Phoebe, Beardsley, Justin, Bergant, Nikki, Lagunday, Renier, Overton, Kristen, Post, Jeffrey, Al-Hindawi, Yasmeen, Barney, Sarah, Byrne, Anthony, Mead, Lee, Plit, Marshall, Lynn, David, Benson, Saoirse, Blake, Stephen, Botten, Rochelle, Chern, Tee Yee, Eden, Georgina, Griffith, Liddy, James, Jane, Lynn, Miriam, Markow, Angela, Sacca, Domenic, Stevens, Natalie, Wesselingh, Steve, Doran, Catriona, Barry, Simone, Sawka, Alice, Evans, Sue, Goodchild, Louise, Heath, Christine, Krieg, Meredith, Marshall, Helen, McMillan, Mark, Walker, Mary, Richmond, Peter, Amenyogbe, Nelly, Anthony, Christina, Arnold, Annabelle, Arrowsmith, Beth, Ben-Othman, Rym, Clark, Sharon, Dunnill, Jemma, Eiffler, Nat, Ewe, Krist, Finucane, Carolyn, Flynn, Lorraine, Gibson, Camille, Hartnell, Lucy, Hollams, Elysia, Hutton, Heidi, Jarvis, Lance, Jones, Jane, Jones, Jan, Jones, Karen, Kent, Jennifer, Kollmann, Tobias, Lalich, Debbie, Lee, Wenna, Lim, Rachel, McAlister, Sonia, McDonald, Fiona, Meehan, Andrea, Minhaj, Asma, Montgomery, Lisa, O'Donnell, Melissa, Ong, Jaslyn, Ong, Joanne, Parkin, Kimberley, Perez, Glady, Power, Catherine, Rezazadeh, Shadie, Richmond, Holly, Rogers, Sally, Schultz, Nikki, Shave, Margaret, Skut, Patrycja, Stiglmayer, Lisa, Truelove, Alexandra, Wadia, Ushma, Wallace, Rachael, Waring, Justin, England, Michelle, Latkovic, Erin, Manning, Laurens, Herrmann, Susan, Lucas, Michaela, Lacerda, Marcus, Andrade, Paulo Henrique, Barbosa, Fabiane Bianca, Barros, Dayanne, Brasil, Larissa, Capella, Ana Greyce, Castro, Ramon, Costa, Erlane, de Souza, Dilcimar, Dias, Maianne, Dias, José, Ferreira, Klenilson, Figueiredo, Paula, Freitas, Thamires, Furtado, Ana Carolina, Gama, Larissa, Godinho, Vanessa, Gouy, Cintia, Hinojosa, Daniele, Jardim, Bruno, Jardim, Tyane, Junior, Joel, Lima, Augustto, Maia, Bernardo, Marins, Adriana, Mazurega, Kelry, Medeiros, Tercilene, Melo, Rosangela, Moraes, Marinete, Nascimento, Elizandra, Neves, Juliana, Oliveira, Maria Gabriela, Oliveira, Thais, Oliveira, Ingrid, Otsuka, Arthur, Paes, Rayssa, Pereira, Handerson, Pereira, Gabrielle, Prado, Christiane, Queiroz, Evelyn, Rodrigues, Laleyska, Rodrigues, Bebeto, Sampaio, Vanderson, Santos, Anna Gabriela, Santos, Daniel, Santos, Tilza, Santos, Evelyn, Sartim, Ariandra, Silva, Ana Beatriz, Silva, Juliana, Silva, Emanuelle, Simão, Mariana, Soares, Caroline, Sousa, Antonny, Trindade, Alexandre, Val, Fernando, Vasconcelos, Adria, Vasconcelos, Heline, Croda, Julio, Abreu, Carolinne, Almeida, Katya Martinez, Bitencourt de Andrade, Camila, Campos Angelo, Jhenyfer Thalyta, Gonçalvez de Araújo Arcanjo, Ghislaine, Silva Menezes Arruda, Bianca Maria, Ayala, Wellyngthon Espindola, Refosco Barbosa, Adelita Agripina, Vieira Batista, Felipe Zampieri, de Morais Batista, Fabiani, de Jesus Costa, Miriam, Croda, Mariana Garcia, Alves da Cruz, Lais, Pereira Diogo, Roberta Carolina, Dutra Escobar, Rodrigo Cezar, Fernandes, Iara Rodrigues, Figueiredo, Leticia Ramires, Cavalcanti Gonçalves, Leandro Galdino, Lahdo, Sarita, Lencina, Joyce dos Santos, Teodoro de Lima, Guilherme, Matos, Larissa Santos, Leopoldina Meireles, Bruna Tayara, Moreira, Debora Quadros, Silva Muranaka, Lilian Batista, de Oliveira, Adriely, Warszawski de Oliveira, Karla Regina, Vieira de Oliveira, Matheus, Dias de Oliveira, Roberto, Souza de Almeida dos Reis Pereira, Andrea Antonia, Puga, Marco, Ramos, Caroliny Veron, Souza da Rosa, Thaynara Haynara, Lopes dos Santos, Karla, Ribeiro dos Santos, Claudinalva, Leopoldina dos Santos, Dyenyffer Stéffany, Santos, Karina Marques, Pereira da Silva, Paulo César, Rocha da Silva, Paulo Victor, Silva, Débora dos Santos, Vieira da Silva, Patricia, Freitas da Rosa Soares, Bruno, Sperotto, Mariana Gazzoni, Tadokoro, Mariana Mayumi, Tsuha, Daniel, Ramos Vieira, Hugo Miguel, Pretti Dalcolmo, Margareth Maria, Lopes Alves da Paixão, Cíntia Maria, Corrêa E Castro, Gabriela, Collopy, Simone Silva, da Costa Silva, Renato, Almeida da Silveira, Samyra, Da-Cruz, Alda Maria, Maria da Silva Passos de Carvalho, Alessandra, de Cássia Batista, Rita, Silva De Freitas, Maria Luciana, Gerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira, Aline, Conceição de Souza, Ana Paula, Doblas, Paola Cerbino, Alcoforado da Silva dos Santos, Ayla, Cristine de Moraes dos Santos, Vanessa, Alves dos Santos Gomes, Dayane, Fortunato, Anderson Lage, Gomes-Silva, Adriano, Gonçalves, Monique Pinto, Garcia Meireless Junior, Paulo Leandro, Martins da Costa Carvalho, Estela, Motta, Fernando do Couto, Olivo de Mendonça, Ligia Maria, Pandine, Girlene dos Santos, Plácido Pereira, Rosa Maria, Maia, Ivan Ramos, Luiz da Rocha, Jorge, Paiva Romano, João Victor, Santos, Glauce dos, Fernandes da Silva, Erica, Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Marilda Agudo, Prudêncio Soares, Ágatha Cristinne, Bonten, Marc, Arroyo, Sandra Franch, Besten, Henny Ophorst-den, Boon, Anna, Brakke, Karin M., Janssen, Axel, Koopmans, Marijke A.H., Lemmens, Toos, Leurink, Titia, Prat-Aymerich, Cristina, Septer-Bijleveld, Engelien, Stadhouders, Kimberly, Troeman, Darren, van der Waal, Marije, van Opdorp, Marjoleine, van Sluis, Nicolette, Wolters, Beatrijs, Kluytmans, Jan, Romme, Jannie, van den Bijllaardt, Wouter, van Mook, Linda, Rijen, M.M.L (Miranda) van, Filius, P.M.G., Gisolf, Jet, Greven, Frances, Huijbens, Danique, Hassing, Robert Jan, Pon, R.C., Preijers, Lieke, van Leusen, J.H., Verheij, Harald, Boersma, Wim, Brans, Evelien, Kloeg, Paul, Molenaar-Groot, Kitty, Nguyen, Nhat Khanh, Paternotte, Nienke, Rol, Anke, Stooper, Lida, Dijkstra, Helga, Eggenhuizen, Esther, Huijs, Lucas, Moorlag, Simone, Netea, Mihai, Pranger, Eva, Taks, Esther, Oever, Jaap ten, Heine, Rob ter, Blauwendraat, Kitty, Meek, Bob, Erkaya, Isil, Harbech, Houda, Roescher, Nienke, Peeters, Rifka, Riele, Menno te, Zhou, Carmen, Calbo, Esther, Marti, Cristina Badia, Palomares, Emma Triviño, Porcuna, Tomás Perez, Barriocanal, Anabel, Barriocanal, Ana Maria, Casas, Irma, Dominguez, Jose, Esteve, Maria, Lacoma, Alicia, Latorre, Irene, Molina, Gemma, Molina, Barbara, Rosell, Antoni, Vidal, Sandra, Barrera, Lydia, Bustos, Natalia, Calderón, Ines Portillo, Campos, David Gutierrez, Carretero, Jose Manuel, Castellano, Angel Dominguez, Compagnone, Renato, Ramirez de Arellano, Encarnacion, Serna, Almudena de la, Dolores del Toro Lopez, Maria, Clement Espindola, Marie-Alix, Martin Gutierrez, Ana Belen, Hernandez, Alvaro Pascual, Jiménez, Virginia Palomo, Moreno, Elisa, Navarrete, Nicolas, Paño, Teresa Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Tristán, Enriqueta, Rios Villegas, Maria Jose, Garces, Atsegiñe Canga, Amo, Erika Castro, Guerrero, Raquel Coya, Goikoetxea, Josune, Jorge, Leticia, Perez, Cristina, Fariñas Álvarez, María Carmen, Cuadra, Manuel Gutierrez, Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, Francisco, Garcia, Pilar Bohedo, Poderos, Teresa Giménez, Rico, Claudia González, Sanchez, Blanca, Valero, Olga, Vega, Noelia, Campbell, John, Barnes, Anna, Catterick, Helen, Cranston, Tim, Dawe, Phoebe, Fletcher, Emily, Fouracre, Liam, Gifford, Alison, Kirkwood, John, Martin, Christopher, McAnew, Amy, Mitchell, Marcus, Newman, Georgina, O'Connell, Abby, Onysk, Jakob, Quinn, Lynne, Rhodes, Shelley, Stone, Samuel, Symons, Lorrie, Tripp, Harry, Warris, Adilia, Watkins, Darcy, Whale, Bethany, Harding, Alex, Lockhart, Gemma, Sidaway-Lee, Kate, Hilton, Sam, Manton, Sarah, Webber-Rookes, Daniel, Winder, Rachel, Moore, James, Bateman, Freya, Gibbons, Michael, Knight, Bridget, Moss, Julie, Statton, Sarah, Studham, Josephine, Hall, Lydia, Moyle, Will, Venton, Tamsin, Pittet, Laure F., Moore, Cecilia L., Dalcolmo, Margareth, Douglas, Mark W., Lacerda, Marcus V.G., Lynn, David J., de Oliveira, Roberto D., Perrett, Kirsten P., Richmond, Peter C., Rocha, Jorge L., Rodriguez-Baño, Jesus, Wood, Nicholas J., and Messina, Nicole L.

Published
2023
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11. Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination to prevent febrile and respiratory illness in adults (BRACE): secondary outcomes of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial

Author

Pittet, Laure F., primary, Messina, Nicole L., additional, McDonald, Ellie, additional, Orsini, Francesca, additional, Barry, Simone, additional, Bonten, Marc, additional, Campbell, John, additional, Croda, Julio, additional, Croda, Mariana G., additional, Dalcolmo, Margareth, additional, Gardiner, Kaya, additional, Gwee, Amanda, additional, Jardim, Bruno, additional, Lacerda, Marcus V.G., additional, Lucas, Michaela, additional, Lynn, David J., additional, Manning, Laurens, additional, Perrett, Kirsten P., additional, Post, Jeffrey J., additional, Prat-Aymerich, Cristina, additional, Richmond, Peter C., additional, Rocha, Jorge L., additional, Rodriguez-Baño, Jesus, additional, Warris, Adilia, additional, Wood, Nicholas J., additional, Davidson, Andrew, additional, Curtis, Nigel, additional, Jamieson, Tenaya, additional, Messina, Nicole, additional, Morawakage, Thilanka, additional, Perlen, Susan, additional, Perrett, Kirsten, additional, Pittet, Laure, additional, Sastry, Amber, additional, Teo, Jia Wei, additional, Lee, Katherine, additional, Moore, Cecilia, additional, Vidmar, Suzanna, additional, Ali, Rashida, additional, Dunn, Ross, additional, Edler, Peta, additional, Gell, Grace, additional, Goodall, Casey, additional, Hall, Richard, additional, Krastev, Ann, additional, La, Nathan, additional, McPhate, Nick, additional, Nguyen, Thao, additional, Ren, Jack, additional, Stevens, Luke, additional, Alamrousi, Ahmed, additional, Bonnici, Rhian, additional, Dang, Thanh, additional, Germano, Susie, additional, Hua, Jenny, additional, McElroy, Rebecca, additional, Razmovska, Monica, additional, Reddiex, Scott, additional, Wang, Xiaofang, additional, Anderson, Jeremy, additional, Azzopardi, Kristy, additional, Bennett-Wood, Vicki, additional, Czajko, Anna, additional, Mazarakis, Nadia, additional, McCafferty, Conor, additional, Oppedisano, Frances, additional, Ortika, Belinda, additional, Pell, Casey, additional, Spry, Leena, additional, Toh, Ryan, additional, Velagapudi, Sunitha, additional, Vlahos, Amanda, additional, Wee-Hee, Ashleigh, additional, Ramos, Pedro, additional, De La Cruz, Karina, additional, Gamage, Dinusha, additional, Karunanayake, Anushka, additional, Mezzetti, Isabella, additional, Ong, Benjamin, additional, Singh, Ronita, additional, Sooriyarachchi, Enoshini, additional, Nicholson, Suellen, additional, Cain, Natalie, additional, Brizuela, Rianne, additional, Huang, Han, additional, Abruzzo, Veronica, additional, Bealing, Morgan, additional, Bimboese, Patricia, additional, Bowes, Kirsty, additional, Burrell, Emma, additional, Chan, Joyce, additional, Cushnahan, Jac, additional, Elborough, Hannah, additional, Elkington, Olivia, additional, Fahey, Kieran, additional, Fernandez, Monique, additional, Flynn, Catherine, additional, Fowler, Sarah, additional, Andrit, Marie Gentile, additional, Gladanac, Bojana, additional, Hammond, Catherine, additional, Ma, Norine, additional, Macalister, Sam, additional, Milojevic, Emmah, additional, Mojeed, Jesutofunmi, additional, Nguyen, Jill, additional, O'Donnell, Liz, additional, Olivier, Nadia, additional, Ooi, Isabelle, additional, Reynolds, Stephanie, additional, Shen, Lisa, additional, Sherry, Barb, additional, Spotswood, Judith, additional, Wedderburn, Jamie, additional, Younes, Angela, additional, Legge, Donna, additional, Bell, Jason, additional, Cheah, Jo, additional, Cobbledick, Annie, additional, Lim, Kee, additional, Elia, Sonja, additional, Addlem, Lynne, additional, Bourke, Anna, additional, Brophy, Clare, additional, Henare, Nadine, additional, Jenkins, Narelle, additional, Machingaifa, Francesca, additional, Miller, Skye, additional, Mitchell, Kirsten, additional, Pitkin, Sigrid, additional, Wall, Kate, additional, Villanueva, Paola, additional, Crawford, Nigel, additional, Norton, Wendy, additional, Tan, Niki, additional, Chengodu, Thilakavathi, additional, Dawson, Diane, additional, Gordon, Victoria, additional, Korman, Tony, additional, O'Bryan, Jess, additional, Agius, Sophie, additional, Bannister, Samantha, additional, Bucholc, Jess, additional, Burns, Alison, additional, Camesella, Beatriz, additional, Carlin, John, additional, Ciaverella, Marianna, additional, Curtis, Maxwell, additional, Firth, Stephanie, additional, Guo, Christina, additional, Hannan, Matthew, additional, Hill, Erin, additional, Joshi, Sri, additional, Lieschke, Katherine, additional, Mathers, Megan, additional, Odoi, Sasha, additional, Rak, Ashleigh, additional, Richards, Chris, additional, Steve, Leah, additional, Stewart, Carolyn, additional, Sudbury, Eva, additional, Thomson, Helen, additional, Watts, Emma, additional, Williams, Fiona, additional, Young, Angela, additional, Glenn, Penny, additional, Kaynes, Andrew, additional, De Floy, Amandine Philippart, additional, Buchanan, Sandy, additional, Sondag, Thijs, additional, Xie, Ivy, additional, Edmund, Harriet, additional, Byrne, Bridie, additional, Keeble, Tom, additional, Ngien, Belle, additional, Noonan, Fran, additional, Wearing-Smith, Michelle, additional, Clarke, Alison, additional, Davies, Pemma, additional, Eastwood, Oliver, additional, Ellinghaus, Alric, additional, Ghieh, Rachid, additional, Hilton, Zahra, additional, Jennings, Emma, additional, Kakkos, Athina, additional, Liang, Iris, additional, Nicol, Katie, additional, O'Callaghan, Sally, additional, Osman, Helen, additional, Rajaram, Gowri, additional, Ratcliffe, Sophia, additional, Rayner, Victoria, additional, Salmon, Ashleigh, additional, Scheppokat, Angela, additional, Stevens, Aimee, additional, Street, Rebekah, additional, Toogood, Nicholas, additional, Wood, Nicholas, additional, Bahaduri, Twinkle, additional, Baulman, Therese, additional, Byrne, Jennifer, additional, Carter, Candace, additional, Corbett, Mary, additional, Dao, Aiken, additional, Desylva, Maria, additional, Dunn, Andrew, additional, Gardiner, Evangeline, additional, Joyce, Rosemary, additional, Kandasamy, Rama, additional, Munns, Craig, additional, Pelayo, Lisa, additional, Sharma, Ketaki, additional, Sterling, Katrina, additional, Uren, Caitlin, additional, Colaco, Clinton, additional, Douglas, Mark, additional, Hamilton, Kate, additional, Bartlett, Adam, additional, McMullan, Brendan, additional, Palasanthiran, Pamela, additional, Williams, Phoebe, additional, Beardsley, Justin, additional, Bergant, Nikki, additional, Lagunday, Renier, additional, Overton, Kristen, additional, Post, Jeffrey, additional, Al-Hindawi, Yasmeen, additional, Barney, Sarah, additional, Byrne, Anthony, additional, Mead, Lee, additional, Plit, Marshall, additional, Lynn, David, additional, Benson, Saoirse, additional, Blake, Stephen, additional, Botten, Rochelle, additional, Chern, Tee Yee, additional, Eden, Georgina, additional, Griffith, Liddy, additional, James, Jane, additional, Lynn, Miriam, additional, Markow, Angela, additional, Sacca, Domenic, additional, Stevens, Natalie, additional, Wesselingh, Steve, additional, Doran, Catriona, additional, Sawka, Alice, additional, Evans, Sue, additional, Goodchild, Louise, additional, Heath, Christine, additional, Krieg, Meredith, additional, Marshall, Helen, additional, McMillan, Mark, additional, Walker, Mary, additional, Richmond, Peter, additional, Amenyogbe, Nelly, additional, Anthony, Christina, additional, Arnold, Annabelle, additional, Arrowsmith, Beth, additional, Ben-Othman, Rym, additional, Clark, Sharon, additional, Dunnill, Jemma, additional, Eiffler, Nat, additional, Ewe, Krist, additional, Finucane, Carolyn, additional, Flynn, Lorraine, additional, Gibson, Camille, additional, Hartnell, Lucy, additional, Hollams, Elysia, additional, Hutton, Heidi, additional, Jarvis, Lance, additional, Jones, Jane, additional, Jones, Jan, additional, Jones, Karen, additional, Kent, Jennifer, additional, Kollmann, Tobias, additional, Lalich, Debbie, additional, Lee, Wenna, additional, Lim, Rachel, additional, McAlister, Sonia, additional, McDonald, Fiona, additional, Meehan, Andrea, additional, Minhaj, Asma, additional, Montgomery, Lisa, additional, O'Donnell, Melissa, additional, Ong, Jaslyn, additional, Ong, Joanne, additional, Parkin, Kimberley, additional, Perez, Glady, additional, Power, Catherine, additional, Rezazadeh, Shadie, additional, Richmond, Holly, additional, Rogers, Sally, additional, Schultz, Nikki, additional, Shave, Margaret, additional, Skut, Patrycja, additional, Stiglmayer, Lisa, additional, Truelove, Alexandra, additional, Wadia, Ushma, additional, Wallace, Rachael, additional, Waring, Justin, additional, England, Michelle, additional, Latkovic, Erin, additional, Herrmann, Susan, additional, Lacerda, Marcus, additional, Andrade, Paulo Henrique, additional, Barbosa, Fabiane Bianca, additional, Barros, Dayanne, additional, Brasil, Larissa, additional, Capella, Ana Greyce, additional, Castro, Ramon, additional, Costa, Erlane, additional, de Souza, Dilcimar, additional, Dias, Maianne, additional, Dias, José, additional, Ferreira, Klenilson, additional, Figueiredo, Paula, additional, Freitas, Thamires, additional, Furtado, Ana Carolina, additional, Gama, Larissa, additional, Godinho, Vanessa, additional, Gouy, Cintia, additional, Hinojosa, Daniele, additional, Jardim, Tyane, additional, Junior, Joel, additional, Lima, Augustto, additional, Maia, Bernardo, additional, Marins, Adriana, additional, Mazurega, Kelry, additional, Medeiros, Tercilene, additional, Melo, Rosangela, additional, Moraes, Marinete, additional, Nascimento, Elizandra, additional, Neves, Juliana, additional, Oliveira, Maria Gabriela, additional, Oliveira, Thais, additional, Oliveira, Ingrid, additional, Otsuka, Arthur, additional, Paes, Rayssa, additional, Pereira, Handerson, additional, Pereira, Gabrielle, additional, Prado, Christiane, additional, Queiroz, Evelyn, additional, Rodrigues, Laleyska, additional, Rodrigues, Bebeto, additional, Sampaio, Vanderson, additional, Santos, Anna Gabriela, additional, Santos, Daniel, additional, Santos, Tilza, additional, Santos, Evelyn, additional, Sartim, Ariandra, additional, Silva, Ana Beatriz, additional, Silva, Juliana, additional, Silva, Emanuelle, additional, Simão, Mariana, additional, Soares, Caroline, additional, Sousa, Antonny, additional, Trindade, Alexandre, additional, Val, Fernando, additional, Vasconcelos, Adria, additional, Vasconcelos, Heline, additional, Abreu, Carolinne, additional, Almeida, Katya Martinez, additional, Bitencourt de Andrade, Camila, additional, Campos Angelo, Jhenyfer Thalyta, additional, Gonçalvez de Araújo Arcanjo, Ghislaine, additional, Silva Menezes Arruda, Bianca Maria, additional, Ayala, Wellyngthon Espindola, additional, Refosco Barbosa, Adelita Agripina, additional, Vieira Batista, Felipe Zampieri, additional, de Morais Batista, Fabiani, additional, de Jesus Costa, Miriam, additional, Croda, Mariana Garcia, additional, Alves da Cruz, Lais, additional, Pereira Diogo, Roberta Carolina, additional, Dutra Escobar, Rodrigo Cezar, additional, Fernandes, Iara Rodrigues, additional, Figueiredo, Leticia Ramires, additional, Cavalcanti Gonçalves, Leandro Galdino, additional, Lahdo, Sarita, additional, Lencina, Joyce dos Santos, additional, Teodoro de Lima, Guilherme, additional, LEOPOLDINA MEIRELES, Bruna Tayara, additional, Moreira, Debora Quadros, additional, Silva Muranaka, Lilian Batista, additional, de Oliveira, Adriely, additional, Warszawski de Oliveira, Karla Regina, additional, Vieira de Oliveira, Matheus, additional, Dias de Oliveira, Roberto, additional, Pereira, Andrea Antonia Souza de Almeida dos Reis, additional, Puga, Marco, additional, Ramos, Caroliny Veron, additional, Souza da Rosa, Thaynara Haynara, additional, Lopes dos Santos, Karla, additional, Ribeiro dos Santos, Claudinalva, additional, Leopoldina dos Santos, Dyenyffer Stéffany, additional, Santos, Karina Marques, additional, Pereira da Silva, Paulo César, additional, Rocha da Silva, Paulo Victor, additional, Silva, Débora dos Santos, additional, Vieira da Silva, Patricia, additional, Freitas da Rosa Soares, Bruno, additional, Sperotto, Mariana Gazzoni, additional, Tadokoro, Mariana Mayumi, additional, Tsuha, Daniel, additional, Ramos Vieira, Hugo Miguel, additional, Pretti Dalcolmo, Margareth Maria, additional, Lopes Alves da Paixão, Cíntia Maria, additional, Corrêa E Castro, Gabriela, additional, Collopy, Simone Silva, additional, da Costa Silva, Renato, additional, Almeida da Silveira, Samyra, additional, Da-Cruz, Alda Maria, additional, Maria da Silva Passos de Carvalho, Alessandra, additional, de Cássia Batista, Rita, additional, Silva De Freitas, Maria Luciana, additional, Gerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira, Aline, additional, Conceição de Souza, Ana Paula, additional, Doblas, Paola Cerbino, additional, Alcoforado da Silva dos Santos, Ayla, additional, Cristine de Moraes dos Santos, Vanessa, additional, Alves dos Santos Gomes, Dayane, additional, Fortunato, Anderson Lage, additional, Gomes-Silva, Adriano, additional, Gonçalves, Monique Pinto, additional, Garcia Meireless Junior, Paulo Leandro, additional, Martins da Costa Carvalho, Estela, additional, Motta, Fernando do Couto, additional, Olivo de Mendonça, Ligia Maria, additional, Pandine, Girlene dos Santos, additional, Plácido Pereira, Rosa Maria, additional, Maia, Ivan Ramos, additional, Luiz da Rocha, Jorge, additional, Paiva Romano, João Victor, additional, Santos, Glauce dos, additional, Fernandes da Silva, Erica, additional, Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Marilda Agudo, additional, Prudêncio Soares, Ágatha Cristinne, additional, Arroyo, Sandra Franch, additional, Besten, Henny Ophorst-den, additional, Boon, Anna, additional, Brakke, Karin M., additional, Janssen, Axel, additional, Koopmans, Marijke A.H., additional, Lemmens, Toos, additional, Leurink, Titia, additional, Septer-Bijleveld, Engelien, additional, Stadhouders, Kimberly, additional, Troeman, Darren, additional, van der Waal, Marije, additional, van Opdorp, Marjoleine, additional, van Sluis, Nicolette, additional, Wolters, Beatrijs, additional, Kluytmans, Jan, additional, Romme, Jannie, additional, van den Bijllaardt, Wouter, additional, van Mook, Linda, additional, Rijen, M.M.L (Miranda) van, additional, Filius, P.M.G., additional, Gisolf, Jet, additional, Greven, Frances, additional, Huijbens, Danique, additional, Hassing, Robert Jan, additional, Pon, R.C., additional, Preijers, Lieke, additional, van Leusen, J.H., additional, Verheij, Harald, additional, Boersma, Wim, additional, Brans, Evelien, additional, Kloeg, Paul, additional, Molenaar-Groot, Kitty, additional, Nguyen, Nhat Khanh, additional, Paternotte, Nienke, additional, Rol, Anke, additional, Stooper, Lida, additional, Dijkstra, Helga, additional, Eggenhuizen, Esther, additional, Huijs, Lucas, additional, Moorlag, Simone, additional, Netea, Mihai, additional, Pranger, Eva, additional, Taks, Esther, additional, Oever, Jaap ten, additional, Heine, Rob ter, additional, Blauwendraat, Kitty, additional, Meek, Bob, additional, Erkaya, Isil, additional, Harbech, Houda, additional, Roescher, Nienke, additional, Peeters, Rifka, additional, Riele, Menno te, additional, Zhou, Carmen, additional, Calbo, Esther, additional, Marti, Cristina Badia, additional, Palomares, Emma Triviño, additional, Porcuna, Tomás Perez, additional, Barriocanal, Anabel, additional, Barriocanal, Ana Maria, additional, Casas, Irma, additional, Dominguez, Jose, additional, Esteve, Maria, additional, Lacoma, Alicia, additional, Latorre, Irene, additional, Molina, Gemma, additional, Molina, Barbara, additional, Rosell, Antoni, additional, Vidal, Sandra, additional, Barrera, Lydia, additional, Bustos, Natalia, additional, Calderón, Ines Portillo, additional, Campos, David Gutierrez, additional, Carretero, Jose Manuel, additional, Castellano, Angel Dominguez, additional, Compagnone, Renato, additional, Ramirez de Arellano, Encarnacion, additional, Serna, Almudena de la, additional, del Toro Lopez, Maria Dolores, additional, Clement Espindola, Marie-Alix, additional, Martin Gutierrez, Ana Belen, additional, Hernandez, Alvaro Pascual, additional, Jiménez, Virginia Palomo, additional, Moreno, Elisa, additional, Navarrete, Nicolas, additional, Paño, Teresa Rodriguez, additional, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, additional, Tristán, Enriqueta, additional, Rios Villegas, Maria Jose, additional, Garces, Atsegiñe Canga, additional, Amo, Erika Castro, additional, Guerrero, Raquel Coya, additional, Goikoetxea, Josune, additional, Jorge, Leticia, additional, Perez, Cristina, additional, Fariñas Álvarez, María Carmen, additional, Cuadra, Manuel Gutierrez, additional, Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, Francisco, additional, Garcia, Pilar Bohedo, additional, Poderos, Teresa Giménez, additional, Rico, Claudia González, additional, Sanchez, Blanca, additional, Valero, Olga, additional, Vega, Noelia, additional, Barnes, Anna, additional, Catterick, Helen, additional, Cranston, Tim, additional, Dawe, Phoebe, additional, Fletcher, Emily, additional, Fouracre, Liam, additional, Gifford, Alison, additional, Gow, Neil, additional, Kirkwood, John, additional, Martin, Christopher, additional, McAnew, Amy, additional, Mitchell, Marcus, additional, Newman, Georgina, additional, O'Connell, Abby, additional, Onysk, Jakob, additional, Quinn, Lynne, additional, Rhodes, Shelley, additional, Stone, Samuel, additional, Symons, Lorrie, additional, Tripp, Harry, additional, Watkins, Darcy, additional, Whale, Bethany, additional, Harding, Alex, additional, Lockhart, Gemma, additional, Sidaway-Lee, Kate, additional, Hilton, Sam, additional, Manton, Sarah, additional, Webber-Rookes, Daniel, additional, Winder, Rachel, additional, Moore, James, additional, Bateman, Freya, additional, Gibbons, Michael, additional, Knight, Bridget, additional, Moss, Julie, additional, Statton, Sarah, additional, Studham, Josephine, additional, Hall, Lydia, additional, Moyle, Will, additional, and Venton, Tamsin, additional

Published
2024
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12. Population structure and infectious disease risk in southern Africa

Author

Uren, Caitlin, Möller, Marlo, van Helden, Paul D, Henn, Brenna M, and Hoal, Eileen G

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Rare Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Africa, Southern, Chromosomes, Human, Y, DNA, Mitochondrial, Ethnicity, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Variation, Genetics, Population, Humans, White People, Disease susceptibility, Population structure, Southern Africa, Plant Biology, Genetics & Heredity, Plant Biology & Botany, Plant biology
Abstract

The KhoeSan populations are the earliest known indigenous inhabitants of southern Africa. The relatively recent expansion of Bantu-speaking agropastoralists, as well as European colonial settlement along the south-west coast, dramatically changed patterns of genetic diversity in a region which had been largely isolated for thousands of years. Owing to this unique history, population structure in southern Africa reflects both the underlying KhoeSan genetic diversity as well as differential recent admixture. This population structure has a wide range of biomedical and sociocultural implications; such as changes in disease risk profiles. Here, we consolidate information from various population genetic studies that characterize admixture patterns in southern Africa with an aim to better understand differences in adverse disease phenotypes observed among groups. Our review confirms that ancestry has a direct impact on an individual's immune response to infectious diseases. In addition, we emphasize the importance of collaborative research, especially for populations in southern Africa that have a high incidence of potentially fatal infectious diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis.

Published
2017

13. A post-GWAS analysis of predicted regulatory variants and tuberculosis susceptibility.

Author

Uren, Caitlin, Henn, Brenna M, Franke, Andre, Wittig, Michael, van Helden, Paul D, Hoal, Eileen G, and Möller, Marlo

Subjects
Humans, Tuberculosis, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Case-Control Studies, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Middle Aged, Ethnic Groups, South Africa, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Utilizing data from published tuberculosis (TB) genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we use a bioinformatics pipeline to detect all polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with variants previously implicated in TB disease susceptibility. The probability that these variants had a predicted regulatory function was estimated using RegulomeDB and Ensembl's Variant Effect Predictor. Subsequent genotyping of these 133 predicted regulatory polymorphisms was performed in 400 admixed South African TB cases and 366 healthy controls in a population-based case-control association study to fine-map the causal variant. We detected associations between tuberculosis susceptibility and six intronic polymorphisms located in MARCO, IFNGR2, ASHAS2, ACACA, NISCH and TLR10. Our post-GWAS approach demonstrates the feasibility of combining multiple TB GWAS datasets with linkage information to identify regulatory variants associated with this infectious disease.

Published
2017

14. The impact of alcohol and illicit substance use on the pharmacokinetics of first-line TB drugs.

Author

Wijk, Marie, Gausi, Kamunkhwala, Malatesta, Samantha, Weber, Sarah E, Court, Richard, Myers, Bronwyn, Carney, Tara, Parry, Charles D H, Horsburgh, C Robert, White, Laura F, Wiesner, Lubbe, Warren, Robin M, Uren, Caitlin, McIlleron, Helen, Kloprogge, Frank, Denti, Paolo, and Jacobson, Karen R

Subjects
ALCOHOL drinking, SUBSTANCE abuse, PHARMACOKINETICS, TUBERCULOSIS, ETHAMBUTOL, ISONIAZID
Abstract

Background In South Africa, an estimated 11% of the population have high alcohol use, a major risk factor for TB. Alcohol and other substance use are also associated with poor treatment response, with a potential mechanism being altered TB drug pharmacokinetics. Objectives To investigate the impact of alcohol and illicit substance use on the pharmacokinetics of first-line TB drugs in participants with pulmonary TB. Methods We prospectively enrolled participants ≥15 years old, without HIV, and initiating drug-susceptible TB treatment in Worcester, South Africa. Alcohol use was measured via self-report and blood biomarkers. Other illicit substances were captured through a urine drug test. Plasma samples were drawn 1 month into treatment pre-dose, and 1.5, 3, 5 and 8 h post-dose. Non-linear mixed-effects modelling was used to describe the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. Alcohol and drug use were tested as covariates. Results The study included 104 participants, of whom 70% were male, with a median age of 37 years (IQR 27–48). Alcohol use was high, with 42% and 28% of participants having moderate and high alcohol use, respectively. Rifampicin and isoniazid had slightly lower pharmacokinetics compared with previous reports, whereas pyrazinamide and ethambutol were consistent. No significant alcohol use effect was detected, other than 13% higher ethambutol clearance in participants with high alcohol use. Methaqualone use reduced rifampicin bioavailability by 19%. Conclusion No clinically relevant effect of alcohol use was observed on the pharmacokinetics of first-line TB drugs, suggesting that poor treatment outcome is unlikely due to pharmacokinetic alterations. That methaqualone reduced rifampicin means dose adjustment may be beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Fine-Scale Human Population Structure in Southern Africa Reflects Ecogeographic Boundaries.

Author

Uren, Caitlin, Kim, Minju, Martin, Alicia, Bobo, Dean, Gignoux, Christopher, van Helden, Paul, Möller, Marlo, Hoal, Eileen, and Henn, Brenna

Subjects
KhoeSan, ancestry, pastoralism, population structure, Africa, Southern, Black People, DNA, Mitochondrial, Ethnicity, Gene Flow, Genetics, Population, Genotype, Haplotypes, Humans, Phylogeny, Phylogeography, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract

Recent genetic studies have established that the KhoeSan populations of southern Africa are distinct from all other African populations and have remained largely isolated during human prehistory until ∼2000 years ago. Dozens of different KhoeSan groups exist, belonging to three different language families, but very little is known about their population history. We examine new genome-wide polymorphism data and whole mitochondrial genomes for >100 South Africans from the ≠Khomani San and Nama populations of the Northern Cape, analyzed in conjunction with 19 additional southern African populations. Our analyses reveal fine-scale population structure in and around the Kalahari Desert. Surprisingly, this structure does not always correspond to linguistic or subsistence categories as previously suggested, but rather reflects the role of geographic barriers and the ecology of the greater Kalahari Basin. Regardless of subsistence strategy, the indigenous Khoe-speaking Nama pastoralists and the N|u-speaking ≠Khomani (formerly hunter-gatherers) share ancestry with other Khoe-speaking forager populations that form a rim around the Kalahari Desert. We reconstruct earlier migration patterns and estimate that the southern Kalahari populations were among the last to experience gene flow from Bantu speakers, ∼14 generations ago. We conclude that local adoption of pastoralism, at least by the Nama, appears to have been primarily a cultural process with limited genetic impact from eastern Africa.

Published
2016

18. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination for protection against recurrent herpes labialis: a nested randomised controlled trial

Author

Pittet, Laure F., primary, Moore, Cecilia L., additional, McDonald, Ellie, additional, Barry, Simone, additional, Bonten, Marc, additional, Campbell, John, additional, Croda, Julio, additional, Dalcolmo, Margareth, additional, Davidson, Andrew, additional, Douglas, Mark W., additional, Gardiner, Kaya, additional, Gwee, Amanda, additional, Jardim, Bruno, additional, Lacerda, Marcus V.G., additional, Lucas, Michaela, additional, Lynn, David J., additional, Manning, Laurens, additional, de Oliveira, Roberto D., additional, Perrett, Kirsten P., additional, Prat-Aymerich, Cristina, additional, Richmond, Peter C., additional, Rocha, Jorge L., additional, Rodriguez-Baño, Jesus, additional, Warris, Adilia, additional, Wood, Nicholas J., additional, Messina, Nicole L., additional, Curtis, Nigel, additional, Jamieson, Tenaya, additional, Messina, Nicole, additional, Morawakage, Thilanka, additional, Perlen, Susan, additional, Perrett, Kirsten, additional, Pittet, Laure, additional, Sastry, Amber, additional, Teo, Jia Wei, additional, Orsini, Francesca, additional, Lee, Katherine, additional, Moore, Cecilia, additional, Vidmar, Suzanna, additional, Ali, Rashida, additional, Dunn, Ross, additional, Edler, Peta, additional, Gell, Grace, additional, Goodall, Casey, additional, Hall, Richard, additional, Krastev, Ann, additional, La, Nathan, additional, McPhate, Nick, additional, Nguyen, Thao, additional, Ren, Jack, additional, Stevens, Luke, additional, Alamrousi, Ahmed, additional, Bonnici, Rhian, additional, Dang, Thanh, additional, Germano, Susie, additional, Hua, Jenny, additional, McElroy, Rebecca, additional, Razmovska, Monica, additional, Reddiex, Scott, additional, Wang, Xiaofang, additional, Anderson, Jeremy, additional, Azzopardi, Kristy, additional, Bennett-Wood, Vicki, additional, Czajko, Anna, additional, Mazarakis, Nadia, additional, McCafferty, Conor, additional, Oppedisano, Frances, additional, Ortika, Belinda, additional, Pell, Casey, additional, Spry, Leena, additional, Toh, Ryan, additional, Velagapudi, Sunitha, additional, Vlahos, Amanda, additional, Wee-Hee, Ashleigh, additional, Ramos, Pedro, additional, De La Cruz, Karina, additional, Gamage, Dinusha, additional, Karunanayake, Anushka, additional, Mezzetti, Isabella, additional, Ong, Benjamin, additional, Singh, Ronita, additional, Sooriyarachchi, Enoshini, additional, Nicholson, Suellen, additional, Cain, Natalie, additional, Brizuela, Rianne, additional, Huang, Han, additional, Abruzzo, Veronica, additional, Bealing, Morgan, additional, Bimboese, Patricia, additional, Bowes, Kirsty, additional, Burrell, Emma, additional, Chan, Joyce, additional, Cushnahan, Jac, additional, Elborough, Hannah, additional, Elkington, Olivia, additional, Fahey, Kieran, additional, Fernandez, Monique, additional, Flynn, Catherine, additional, Fowler, Sarah, additional, Andrit, Marie Gentile, additional, Gladanac, Bojana, additional, Hammond, Catherine, additional, Ma, Norine, additional, Macalister, Sam, additional, Milojevic, Emmah, additional, Mojeed, Jesutofunmi, additional, Nguyen, Jill, additional, O'Donnell, Liz, additional, Olivier, Nadia, additional, Ooi, Isabelle, additional, Reynolds, Stephanie, additional, Shen, Lisa, additional, Sherry, Barb, additional, Spotswood, Judith, additional, Wedderburn, Jamie, additional, Younes, Angela, additional, Legge, Donna, additional, Bell, Jason, additional, Cheah, Jo, additional, Cobbledick, Annie, additional, Lim, Kee, additional, Elia, Sonja, additional, Addlem, Lynne, additional, Bourke, Anna, additional, Brophy, Clare, additional, Henare, Nadine, additional, Jenkins, Narelle, additional, Machingaifa, Francesca, additional, Miller, Skye, additional, Mitchell, Kirsten, additional, Pitkin, Sigrid, additional, Wall, Kate, additional, Villanueva, Paola, additional, Crawford, Nigel, additional, Norton, Wendy, additional, Tan, Niki, additional, Chengodu, Thilakavathi, additional, Dawson, Diane, additional, Gordon, Victoria, additional, Korman, Tony, additional, O'Bryan, Jess, additional, Agius, Sophie, additional, Bannister, Samantha, additional, Bucholc, Jess, additional, Burns, Alison, additional, Camesella, Beatriz, additional, Carlin, John, additional, Ciaverella, Marianna, additional, Curtis, Maxwell, additional, Firth, Stephanie, additional, Guo, Christina, additional, Hannan, Matthew, additional, Hill, Erin, additional, Joshi, Sri, additional, Lieschke, Katherine, additional, Mathers, Megan, additional, Odoi, Sasha, additional, Rak, Ashleigh, additional, Richards, Chris, additional, Steve, Leah, additional, Stewart, Carolyn, additional, Sudbury, Eva, additional, Thomson, Helen, additional, Watts, Emma, additional, Williams, Fiona, additional, Young, Angela, additional, Glenn, Penny, additional, Kaynes, Andrew, additional, Philippart De Floy, Amandine, additional, Buchanan, Sandy, additional, Sondag, Thijs, additional, Xie, Ivy, additional, Edmund, Harriet, additional, Byrne, Bridie, additional, Keeble, Tom, additional, Ngien, Belle, additional, Noonan, Fran, additional, Wearing-Smith, Michelle, additional, Clarke, Alison, additional, Davies, Pemma, additional, Eastwood, Oliver, additional, Ellinghaus, Alric, additional, Ghieh, Rachid, additional, Hilton, Zahra, additional, Jennings, Emma, additional, Kakkos, Athina, additional, Liang, Iris, additional, Nicol, Katie, additional, O'Callaghan, Sally, additional, Osman, Helen, additional, Rajaram, Gowri, additional, Ratcliffe, Sophia, additional, Rayner, Victoria, additional, Salmon, Ashleigh, additional, Scheppokat, Angela, additional, Stevens, Aimee, additional, Street, Rebekah, additional, Toogood, Nicholas, additional, Wood, Nicholas, additional, Bahaduri, Twinkle, additional, Baulman, Therese, additional, Byrne, Jennifer, additional, Carter, Candace, additional, Corbett, Mary, additional, Dao, Aiken, additional, Desylva, Maria, additional, Dunn, Andrew, additional, Gardiner, Evangeline, additional, Joyce, Rosemary, additional, Kandasamy, Rama, additional, Munns, Craig, additional, Pelayo, Lisa, additional, Sharma, Ketaki, additional, Sterling, Katrina, additional, Uren, Caitlin, additional, Colaco, Clinton, additional, Douglas, Mark, additional, Hamilton, Kate, additional, Bartlett, Adam, additional, McMullan, Brendan, additional, Palasanthiran, Pamela, additional, Williams, Phoebe, additional, Beardsley, Justin, additional, Bergant, Nikki, additional, Lagunday, Renier, additional, Overton, Kristen, additional, Post, Jeffrey, additional, Al-Hindawi, Yasmeen, additional, Barney, Sarah, additional, Byrne, Anthony, additional, Mead, Lee, additional, Plit, Marshall, additional, Lynn, David, additional, Benson, Saoirse, additional, Blake, Stephen, additional, Botten, Rochelle, additional, Chern, Tee Yee, additional, Eden, Georgina, additional, Griffith, Liddy, additional, James, Jane, additional, Lynn, Miriam, additional, Markow, Angela, additional, Sacca, Domenic, additional, Stevens, Natalie, additional, Wesselingh, Steve, additional, Doran, Catriona, additional, Sawka, Alice, additional, Evans, Sue, additional, Goodchild, Louise, additional, Heath, Christine, additional, Krieg, Meredith, additional, Marshall, Helen, additional, McMillan, Mark, additional, Walker, Mary, additional, Richmond, Peter, additional, Amenyogbe, Nelly, additional, Anthony, Christina, additional, Arnold, Annabelle, additional, Arrowsmith, Beth, additional, Ben-Othman, Rym, additional, Clark, Sharon, additional, Dunnill, Jemma, additional, Eiffler, Nat, additional, Ewe, Krist, additional, Finucane, Carolyn, additional, Flynn, Lorraine, additional, Gibson, Camille, additional, Hartnell, Lucy, additional, Hollams, Elysia, additional, Hutton, Heidi, additional, Jarvis, Lance, additional, Jones, Jane, additional, Jones, Jan, additional, Jones, Karen, additional, Kent, Jennifer, additional, Kollmann, Tobias, additional, Lalich, Debbie, additional, Lee, Wenna, additional, Lim, Rachel, additional, McAlister, Sonia, additional, McDonald, Fiona, additional, Meehan, Andrea, additional, Minhaj, Asma, additional, Montgomery, Lisa, additional, O'Donnell, Melissa, additional, Ong, Jaslyn, additional, Ong, Joanne, additional, Parkin, Kimberley, additional, Perez, Glady, additional, Power, Catherine, additional, Rezazadeh, Shadie, additional, Richmond, Holly, additional, Rogers, Sally, additional, Schultz, Nikki, additional, Shave, Margaret, additional, Skut, Patrycja, additional, Stiglmayer, Lisa, additional, Truelove, Alexandra, additional, Wadia, Ushma, additional, Wallace, Rachael, additional, Waring, Justin, additional, England, Michelle, additional, Latkovic, Erin, additional, Herrmann, Susan, additional, Lacerda, Marcus, additional, Andrade, Paulo Henrique, additional, Barbosa, Fabiane Bianca, additional, Barros, Dayanne, additional, Brasil, Larissa, additional, Capella, Ana Greyce, additional, Castro, Ramon, additional, Costa, Erlane, additional, de Souza, Dilcimar, additional, Dias, Maianne, additional, Dias, José, additional, Ferreira, Klenilson, additional, Figueiredo, Paula, additional, Freitas, Thamires, additional, Furtado, Ana Carolina, additional, Gama, Larissa, additional, Godinho, Vanessa, additional, Gouy, Cintia, additional, Hinojosa, Daniele, additional, Jardim, Tyane, additional, Junior, Joel, additional, Lima, Augustto, additional, Maia, Bernardo, additional, Marins, Adriana, additional, Mazurega, Kelry, additional, Medeiros, Tercilene, additional, Melo, Rosangela, additional, Moraes, Marinete, additional, Nascimento, Elizandra, additional, Neves, Juliana, additional, Oliveira, Maria Gabriela, additional, Oliveira, Thais, additional, Oliveira, Ingrid, additional, Otsuka, Arthur, additional, Paes, Rayssa, additional, Pereira, Handerson, additional, Pereira, Gabrielle, additional, Prado, Christiane, additional, Queiroz, Evelyn, additional, Rodrigues, Laleyska, additional, Rodrigues, Bebeto, additional, Sampaio, Vanderson, additional, Santos, Anna Gabriela, additional, Santos, Daniel, additional, Santos, Tilza, additional, Santos, Evelyn, additional, Sartim, Ariandra, additional, Silva, Ana Beatriz, additional, Silva, Juliana, additional, Silva, Emanuelle, additional, Simão, Mariana, additional, Soares, Caroline, additional, Sousa, Antonny, additional, Trindade, Alexandre, additional, Val, Fernando, additional, Vasconcelos, Adria, additional, Vasconcelos, Heline, additional, Abreu, Carolinne, additional, Almeida, Katya Martinez, additional, Bitencourt de Andrade, Camila, additional, Campos Angelo, Jhenyfer Thalyta, additional, Gonçalvez de Araújo Arcanjo, Ghislaine, additional, Silva Menezes Arruda, Bianca Maria, additional, Ayala, Wellyngthon Espindola, additional, Refosco Barbosa, Adelita Agripina, additional, Vieira Batista, Felipe Zampieri, additional, de Morais Batista, Fabiani, additional, de Jesus Costa, Miriam, additional, Croda, Mariana Garcia, additional, Alves da Cruz, Lais, additional, Pereira Diogo, Roberta Carolina, additional, Dutra Escobar, Rodrigo Cezar, additional, Fernandes, Iara Rodrigues, additional, Figueiredo, Leticia Ramires, additional, Cavalcanti Gonçalves, Leandro Galdino, additional, Lahdo, Sarita, additional, Lencina, Joyce dos Santos, additional, Teodoro de Lima, Guilherme, additional, Matos, Larissa Santos, additional, Leopoldina Meireles, Bruna Tayara, additional, Moreira, Debora Quadros, additional, Silva Muranaka, Lilian Batista, additional, de Oliveira, Adriely, additional, Warszawski de Oliveira, Karla Regina, additional, Vieira de Oliveira, Matheus, additional, Dias de Oliveira, Roberto, additional, Souza de Almeida dos Reis Pereira, Andrea Antonia, additional, Puga, Marco, additional, Ramos, Caroliny Veron, additional, Souza da Rosa, Thaynara Haynara, additional, Lopes dos Santos, Karla, additional, Ribeiro dos Santos, Claudinalva, additional, Leopoldina dos Santos, Dyenyffer Stéffany, additional, Santos, Karina Marques, additional, Pereira da Silva, Paulo César, additional, Rocha da Silva, Paulo Victor, additional, Silva, Débora dos Santos, additional, Vieira da Silva, Patricia, additional, Freitas da Rosa Soares, Bruno, additional, Sperotto, Mariana Gazzoni, additional, Tadokoro, Mariana Mayumi, additional, Tsuha, Daniel, additional, Ramos Vieira, Hugo Miguel, additional, Pretti Dalcolmo, Margareth Maria, additional, Lopes Alves da Paixão, Cíntia Maria, additional, Corrêa E Castro, Gabriela, additional, Collopy, Simone Silva, additional, da Costa Silva, Renato, additional, Almeida da Silveira, Samyra, additional, Da-Cruz, Alda Maria, additional, Maria da Silva Passos de Carvalho, Alessandra, additional, de Cássia Batista, Rita, additional, Silva De Freitas, Maria Luciana, additional, Gerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira, Aline, additional, Conceição de Souza, Ana Paula, additional, Doblas, Paola Cerbino, additional, Alcoforado da Silva dos Santos, Ayla, additional, Cristine de Moraes dos Santos, Vanessa, additional, Alves dos Santos Gomes, Dayane, additional, Fortunato, Anderson Lage, additional, Gomes-Silva, Adriano, additional, Gonçalves, Monique Pinto, additional, Garcia Meireless Junior, Paulo Leandro, additional, Martins da Costa Carvalho, Estela, additional, Motta, Fernando do Couto, additional, Olivo de Mendonça, Ligia Maria, additional, Pandine, Girlene dos Santos, additional, Plácido Pereira, Rosa Maria, additional, Maia, Ivan Ramos, additional, Luiz da Rocha, Jorge, additional, Paiva Romano, João Victor, additional, Santos, Glauce dos, additional, Fernandes da Silva, Erica, additional, Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Marilda Agudo, additional, Prudêncio Soares, Ágatha Cristinne, additional, Arroyo, Sandra Franch, additional, Besten, Henny Ophorst-den, additional, Boon, Anna, additional, Brakke, Karin M., additional, Janssen, Axel, additional, Koopmans, Marijke A.H., additional, Lemmens, Toos, additional, Leurink, Titia, additional, Septer-Bijleveld, Engelien, additional, Stadhouders, Kimberly, additional, Troeman, Darren, additional, van der Waal, Marije, additional, van Opdorp, Marjoleine, additional, van Sluis, Nicolette, additional, Wolters, Beatrijs, additional, Kluytmans, Jan, additional, Romme, Jannie, additional, van den Bijllaardt, Wouter, additional, van Mook, Linda, additional, Rijen, M.M.L (Miranda) van, additional, Filius, P.M.G., additional, Gisolf, Jet, additional, Greven, Frances, additional, Huijbens, Danique, additional, Hassing, Robert Jan, additional, Pon, R.C., additional, Preijers, Lieke, additional, van Leusen, J.H., additional, Verheij, Harald, additional, Boersma, Wim, additional, Brans, Evelien, additional, Kloeg, Paul, additional, Molenaar-Groot, Kitty, additional, Nguyen, Nhat Khanh, additional, Paternotte, Nienke, additional, Rol, Anke, additional, Stooper, Lida, additional, Dijkstra, Helga, additional, Eggenhuizen, Esther, additional, Huijs, Lucas, additional, Moorlag, Simone, additional, Netea, Mihai, additional, Pranger, Eva, additional, Taks, Esther, additional, Oever, Jaap ten, additional, Heine, Rob ter, additional, Blauwendraat, Kitty, additional, Meek, Bob, additional, Erkaya, Isil, additional, Harbech, Houda, additional, Roescher, Nienke, additional, Peeters, Rifka, additional, Riele, Menno te, additional, Zhou, Carmen, additional, Calbo, Esther, additional, Marti, Cristina Badia, additional, Palomares, Emma Triviño, additional, Porcuna, Tomás Perez, additional, Barriocanal, Anabel, additional, Barriocanal, Ana Maria, additional, Casas, Irma, additional, Dominguez, Jose, additional, Esteve, Maria, additional, Lacoma, Alicia, additional, Latorre, Irene, additional, Molina, Gemma, additional, Molina, Barbara, additional, Rosell, Antoni, additional, Vidal, Sandra, additional, Barrera, Lydia, additional, Bustos, Natalia, additional, Calderón, Ines Portillo, additional, Campos, David Gutierrez, additional, Carretero, Jose Manuel, additional, Castellano, Angel Dominguez, additional, Compagnone, Renato, additional, Ramirez de Arellano, Encarnacion, additional, Serna, Almudena de la, additional, Dolores del Toro Lopez, Maria, additional, Clement Espindola, Marie-Alix, additional, Martin Gutierrez, Ana Belen, additional, Hernandez, Alvaro Pascual, additional, Jiménez, Virginia Palomo, additional, Moreno, Elisa, additional, Navarrete, Nicolas, additional, Paño, Teresa Rodriguez, additional, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, additional, Tristán, Enriqueta, additional, Rios Villegas, Maria Jose, additional, Garces, Atsegiñe Canga, additional, Amo, Erika Castro, additional, Guerrero, Raquel Coya, additional, Goikoetxea, Josune, additional, Jorge, Leticia, additional, Perez, Cristina, additional, Fariñas Álvarez, María Carmen, additional, Cuadra, Manuel Gutierrez, additional, Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, Francisco, additional, Garcia, Pilar Bohedo, additional, Poderos, Teresa Giménez, additional, Rico, Claudia González, additional, Sanchez, Blanca, additional, Valero, Olga, additional, Vega, Noelia, additional, Barnes, Anna, additional, Catterick, Helen, additional, Cranston, Tim, additional, Dawe, Phoebe, additional, Fletcher, Emily, additional, Fouracre, Liam, additional, Gifford, Alison, additional, Kirkwood, John, additional, Martin, Christopher, additional, McAnew, Amy, additional, Mitchell, Marcus, additional, Newman, Georgina, additional, O'Connell, Abby, additional, Onysk, Jakob, additional, Quinn, Lynne, additional, Rhodes, Shelley, additional, Stone, Samuel, additional, Symons, Lorrie, additional, Tripp, Harry, additional, Watkins, Darcy, additional, Whale, Bethany, additional, Harding, Alex, additional, Lockhart, Gemma, additional, Sidaway-Lee, Kate, additional, Hilton, Sam, additional, Manton, Sarah, additional, Webber-Rookes, Daniel, additional, Winder, Rachel, additional, Moore, James, additional, Bateman, Freya, additional, Gibbons, Michael, additional, Knight, Bridget, additional, Moss, Julie, additional, Statton, Sarah, additional, Studham, Josephine, additional, Hall, Lydia, additional, Moyle, Will, additional, and Venton, Tamsin, additional

Published
2023
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23. cis-eQTL mapping of TB-T2D comorbidity elucidates the involvement of African ancestry in TB susceptibility

Author

Swart, Yolandi, primary, Uren, Caitlin, additional, Eckold, Clare, additional, Cliff, Jacqueline M, additional, Malherbe, Stephanus T, additional, Ronacher, Katharina, additional, Kumar, Vinod, additional, Wijmenga, Cisca, additional, Dockrell, Hazel M, additional, van Crevel, Reinout, additional, Walzl, Gerhard, additional, Kleynhans, Léanie, additional, and Möller, Marlo, additional

Published
2022
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24. GWAS in the southern African context

Author

Swart, Yolandi, primary, van Eeden, Gerald, additional, Uren, Caitlin, additional, van der Spuy, Gian, additional, Tromp, Gerard, additional, and Möller, Marlo, additional

Published
2022
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25. Pharmacogenetics as part of recommended precision medicine for tuberculosis treatment in African populations: Could it be a reality?

Author

Oelofse, Carola, Ndong Sima, Carene Anne Alene, Möller, Marlo, and Uren, Caitlin

Subjects
TUBERCULOSIS, INDIVIDUALIZED medicine, AFRICANS, PHARMACOGENOMICS, RESOURCE-limited settings, DRUG side effects
Abstract

Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the second most lethal infectious disease. However, in sub‐Saharan Africa, TB has the largest disease burden, with drug‐resistant TB increasingly becoming a concern. The social and economic impact of TB should not be overlooked, especially in areas where healthcare systems are overburdened, and resources need to be allocated judiciously. The aim of pharmacogenetics (PGx) is to improve therapeutic response and to minimize adverse drug reactions by selecting the most optimal drug and dosage for the individual patient. Implementation of PGx into routine clinical care has been slow, especially in resource‐limited settings, because of perceived high costs relative to uncertain benefit. Given the impact of TB on the disease and disability burden in these regions, a better understanding and optimization of TB treatment in understudied African populations is vital. The first weeks of treatment are the most crucial for treatment success, and a point‐of‐care pre‐emptive PGx test could start patients on the most bactericidal and least toxic drug combination. This may potentially reduce the number of patients returning to clinical care and streamline the use of limited resources across the healthcare system. This review explores the status of TB PGx in Africa, the utility of existing TB PGx testing panels, and the economic feasibility in developing a clinically valuable, cost‐effective, pre‐emptive PGx test to guide optimized, new dosing regimens specifically for African population groups. TB is a disease of poverty, but investment in PGx research in African populations could ensure improved treatments and long‐term cost savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. Additional file 1 of The recombination landscape of the Khoe-San likely represents the upper limits of recombination divergence in humans

Author

van Eeden, Gerald, Uren, Caitlin, Pless, Evlyn, Mastoras, Mira, van der Spuy, Gian D., Tromp, Gerard, Henn, Brenna M., and Möller, Marlo

Abstract

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Ancestry estimates for the Nama obtained using ADMIXTURE with k=4 to k=7 possible ancestral clusters. Figure S2. (A) Ternary diagram showing the African, European and Khoe-San ancestry contributions, as represented by the LWK, GBR and Nama respectively, for the whole WGS dataset of 84 individuals. (B) Ternary diagram showing the African, European and Khoe-San ancestry contributions, as represented by the LWK, GBR and Nama respectively, for the unrelated subset of the WGS dataset.

Published
2022
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34. African Genetic Representation in the Context of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity.

Author

Petersen, Desiree C., Steyl, Chrystal, Scholtz, Denise, Baker, Bienyameen, Abdullah, Ibtisam, Uren, Caitlin, and Möller, Marlo

Subjects
COVID-19, PANDEMICS, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

International consortiums, including the COVID-19 HGI, the COVID-19 Human Genetics effort (HGE), and the Genetics Of Mortality In Critical Care (GenOMICC) have promoted the sharing of data to facilitate the inclusion of large study cohorts from multiple populations for ongoing meta-analyses ([7]; [6]; [15]). Keywords: African genomics; genetic susceptibility; SARS-CoV-2 infection variability; COVID-19 severity; COVID-19 genetic associations; limited African data EN African genomics genetic susceptibility SARS-CoV-2 infection variability COVID-19 severity COVID-19 genetic associations limited African data 1 6 6 05/12/22 20220510 NES 220510 Introduction Towards the end of 2019, the world faced the emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). African genomics, genetic susceptibility, SARS-CoV-2 infection variability, COVID-19 genetic associations, limited African data, COVID-19 severity South Africa has not remained unscathed by the pandemic, having more than 3.7 million COVID-19 cases, and nearing close to 100,000 COVID-19 related deaths ([52]) with the introduction of different SARS-CoV-2 variants at various timepoints (Figure 1A). [Extracted from the article]

Published
2022
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37. VARIABLE EXPRESSION IN SAMHD1 - ASSOCIATED FAMILIAL AICARDI-GOUTIERES SYNDROME

Author

Glanzmann, Brigitte, Abraham, Deepthi R., Moller, Marlo, Glashoff, Richard, van Coller, Ansia, Uren, Caitlin, Durrheim, Glenda, Urban, Michael, Hoal, Eileen G., Esser, Monika M., Rice, Gillian, I, Crow, Yanick J., and Kinnear, Craig J.

Subjects
South Africa, Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, intra-familial variability, SAMHD1
Abstract

Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is an encephalopathy of early childhood. This disorder is genetically heterogeneous, with mutations in seven genes having been identified to be disease-causing. Most patients with AGS present with poordevelopmental outcome and reduced survival in the neonatal period or early infancy. Significant variability can be found in the onset and phenotypic severity of the condition, sometimes even within the same family. Here we describe two sisters of mixed ancestry from the Western Cape province of South Africa presenting with skin manifestations of autoimmune disease resembling those of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on histology but with negative serology. The two affected individuals carried a homozygous c.1681_1682delAG; p. Ser561Phefs*61 mutation in exon 15 of SAMHD1 on chromosome 20. Both parents and the unaffected brother are heterozygous for this variant. The molecular investigation yielded a unifying diagnosis for an unusual combination of physical findings and differential phenotypic expression in the sisters. A confirmed diagnosis allowed for informed genetic counselling and targeted investigation and screening for complications such as glaucoma in the older sister.

Published
2018

38. Local ancestry inference in heterogeneous populations—Are recent recombination events more relevant?

Author

Eeden, Gerald van, Uren, Caitlin, van der Spuy, Gian, Tromp, Gerard, and Möller, Marlo

Subjects
*SOFTWARE development tools, *GENEALOGY, *LINKAGE disequilibrium
Abstract

To date, numerous software tools have been developed to infer recombination maps. Many of these software tools infer the recombination rate from linkage disequilibrium, and therefore they infer recombination many generations into the past. Other recently developed methods rely on the inference of recent recombination events to determine the recombination rate, such as identity by descent- and local ancestry inference (LAI)-based tools. Methods that mainly use recent recombination events to infer the recombination rate might be more relevant for certain analyses like LAI. We therefore describe a protocol for creating high-resolution, population-specific recombination maps using methods that mainly use recent recombination events and a method that uses recent and distant recombination events for recombination rate inference. Subsequently, we compared the effect of using maps inferred by these two paradigms on LAI accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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45. Strong Effect of Demographic Changes on Tuberculosis Susceptibility in South Africa.

Author

Oyageshio OP, Myrick JW, Saayman J, van der Westhuizen L, Al-Hindi D, Reynolds AW, Zaitlen N, Uren C, Möller M, and Henn BM

Abstract

South Africa is among the world's top eight TB burden countries, and despite a focus on HIV-TB co-infection, most of the population living with TB are not HIV co-infected. The disease is endemic across the country with 80-90% exposure by adulthood. We investigated epidemiological risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa: an understudied TB endemic region with extreme TB incidence (645/100,000) and the lowest provincial population density. We leveraged the population's high TB incidence and community transmission to design a case-control study with population-based controls, reflecting similar mechanisms of exposure between the groups. We recruited 1,126 participants with suspected TB from 12 community health clinics, and generated a cohort of 878 individuals (cases =374, controls =504) after implementing our enrollment criteria. All participants were GeneXpert Ultra tested for active TB by a local clinic. We assessed important risk factors for active TB using logistic regression and random forest modeling. Additionally, a subset of individuals were genotyped to determine genome-wide ancestry components. Male gender had the strongest effect on TB risk (OR: 2.87 [95% CI: 2.1-3.8]); smoking and alcohol consumption did not significantly increase TB risk. We identified two interactions: age by socioeconomic status (SES) and birthplace by residence locality on TB risk (OR = 3.05, p = 0.016) - where rural birthplace but town residence was the highest risk category. Finally, participants had a majority Khoe-San ancestry, typically greater than 50%. Epidemiological risk factors for this cohort differ from other global populations. The significant interaction effects reflect rapid changes in SES and mobility over recent generations and strongly impact TB risk in the Northern Cape of South Africa. Our models show that such risk factors combined explain 16% of the variance (r 2 ) in case/control status., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest All authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2023
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46. Pharmacogenetics as part of recommended precision medicine for tuberculosis treatment in African populations: Could it be a reality?

Author

Oelofse C, Ndong Sima CAA, Möller M, and Uren C

Subjects
Humans, Precision Medicine, Pharmacogenetics, Africa, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Tuberculosis drug therapy, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Abstract

Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the second most lethal infectious disease. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, TB has the largest disease burden, with drug-resistant TB increasingly becoming a concern. The social and economic impact of TB should not be overlooked, especially in areas where healthcare systems are overburdened, and resources need to be allocated judiciously. The aim of pharmacogenetics (PGx) is to improve therapeutic response and to minimize adverse drug reactions by selecting the most optimal drug and dosage for the individual patient. Implementation of PGx into routine clinical care has been slow, especially in resource-limited settings, because of perceived high costs relative to uncertain benefit. Given the impact of TB on the disease and disability burden in these regions, a better understanding and optimization of TB treatment in understudied African populations is vital. The first weeks of treatment are the most crucial for treatment success, and a point-of-care pre-emptive PGx test could start patients on the most bactericidal and least toxic drug combination. This may potentially reduce the number of patients returning to clinical care and streamline the use of limited resources across the healthcare system. This review explores the status of TB PGx in Africa, the utility of existing TB PGx testing panels, and the economic feasibility in developing a clinically valuable, cost-effective, pre-emptive PGx test to guide optimized, new dosing regimens specifically for African population groups. TB is a disease of poverty, but investment in PGx research in African populations could ensure improved treatments and long-term cost savings., (© 2023 The Authors. Clinical and Translational Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)

Published
2023
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