Search

Your search keyword '"Urbanek A"' showing total 10,122 results
Start Over Author "Urbanek A"

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »
10,122 results on '"Urbanek A"'

1. Protection of museum collections in emergency situations: Solutions used in the state of Vermont (USA)

Author

Dworzecki Jacek, Nowicka Izabela, Urbanek Andrzej, Szkurłat Izabela, and Horyń Wojciech

Subjects
museum collections, protection, state of vermont (usa), crisis situation, Museums. Collectors and collecting, AM1-501
Abstract

The article presents organisational solutions for the protection of museum collections and cultural heritage sites using the example of the state of Vermont (USA). Also described are the solutions adopted by US nationwide agencies established to respond to natural disasters. In addition, the article introduces the mechanisms and organisational and legal solutions for managing information in connection with an emergency situation, taking into account the needs for protecting museum collections and objects important to the culture and history of the residents of the state of Vermont. The article in question was prepared on the basis of expert interviews, analysis of the literature and current laws and regulations.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Modeling of the micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectra

Author

Wojewoda, Ondřej, Hrtoň, Martin, and Urbánek, Michal

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Although micro-focused Brillouin light scattering (BLS) has been used for more than twenty years, it lacks a complete theoretical description. This complicates the analysis of experimental data and significantly limits the information that can be obtained. To fill this knowledge gap, we have developed a semi-analytical model based on the mesoscopic continuous medium approach. The model consists of the following steps: calculation of the incident electric field and the dynamic susceptibility, calculation of the induced polarisation, and calculation of the emitted electric field and its propagation towards the detector. We demonstrate the model on the examples of the measurements of thermal and coherently excited spin waves. However, the used approach is general and can describe any micro-focused Brillouin light scattering experiment. The model can also bring new analytical approaches to mechanobiology experiments or to characterization of acoustic wave based devices.

Published
2024

3. Graphomotor and Handwriting Disabilities Rating Scale (GHDRS):towards complex and objective assessment

Author

Mekyska, Jiri, Safarova, Katarina, Urbanek, Tomas, Bednarova, Jirina, Zvoncak, Vojtech, Havigerova, Jana Marie, Cunek, Lukas, Galaz, Zoltan, Mucha, Jan, Klauszova, Christine, Faundez-Zanuy, Marcos, Ferrer, Miguel A., and Diaz, Moises

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Graphomotor and handwriting disabilities (GD and HD, respectively) could significantly reduce children's quality of life. Effective remediation depends on proper diagnosis; however, current approaches to diagnosis and assessment of GD and HD have several limitations and knowledge gaps, e.g. they are subjective, they do not facilitate identification of specific manifestations, etc. The aim of this work is to introduce a new scale (GHDRS Graphomotor and Handwriting Disabilities Rating Scale) that will enable experts to perform objective and complex computeraided diagnosis and assessment of GD and HD. The scale supports quantification of 17 manifestations associated with the process/product of drawing/ handwriting. The whole methodology of GHDRS design is made maximally transparent so that it could be adapted for other languages.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Improving Text-to-Image Consistency via Automatic Prompt Optimization

Author

Mañas, Oscar, Astolfi, Pietro, Hall, Melissa, Ross, Candace, Urbanek, Jack, Williams, Adina, Agrawal, Aishwarya, Romero-Soriano, Adriana, and Drozdzal, Michal

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Impressive advances in text-to-image (T2I) generative models have yielded a plethora of high performing models which are able to generate aesthetically appealing, photorealistic images. Despite the progress, these models still struggle to produce images that are consistent with the input prompt, oftentimes failing to capture object quantities, relations and attributes properly. Existing solutions to improve prompt-image consistency suffer from the following challenges: (1) they oftentimes require model fine-tuning, (2) they only focus on nearby prompt samples, and (3) they are affected by unfavorable trade-offs among image quality, representation diversity, and prompt-image consistency. In this paper, we address these challenges and introduce a T2I optimization-by-prompting framework, OPT2I, which leverages a large language model (LLM) to improve prompt-image consistency in T2I models. Our framework starts from a user prompt and iteratively generates revised prompts with the goal of maximizing a consistency score. Our extensive validation on two datasets, MSCOCO and PartiPrompts, shows that OPT2I can boost the initial consistency score by up to 24.9% in terms of DSG score while preserving the FID and increasing the recall between generated and real data. Our work paves the way toward building more reliable and robust T2I systems by harnessing the power of LLMs.

Published
2024

5. Magnetic anisotropy and GGG substrate stray field in YIG films down to millikelvin temperatures

Author

Serha, Rostyslav O., Voronov, Andrey A., Schmoll, David, Verba, Roman, Levchenko, Khrystyna O., Koraltan, Sabri, Davídková, Kristýna, Budinska, Barbora, Wang, Qi, Dobrovolskiy, Oleksandr V., Urbánek, Michal, Lindner, Morris, Reimann, Timmy, Dubs, Carsten, Gonzalez-Ballestero, Carlos, Abert, Claas, Suess, Dieter, Bozhko, Dmytro A., Knauer, Sebastian, and Chumak, Andrii V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

Quantum magnonics investigates the quantum-mechanical properties of magnons such as quantum coherence or entanglement for solid-state quantum information technologies at the nanoscale. The most promising material for quantum magnonics is the ferrimagnetic yttrium iron garnet (YIG), which hosts magnons with the longest lifetimes. YIG films of the highest quality are grown on a paramagnetic gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate. The literature has reported that ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequencies of YIG/GGG decrease at temperatures below 50 K despite the increase in YIG magnetization. We investigated a 97 nm-thick YIG film grown on 500 $\mathrm{\mu}$m-thick GGG substrate through a series of experiments conducted at temperatures as low as 30 mK, and using both analytical and numerical methods. Our findings suggest that the primary factor contributing to the FMR frequency shift is the stray magnetic field created by the partially magnetized GGG substrate. This stray field is antiparallel to the applied external field and is highly inhomogeneous, reaching up to 40 mT in the center of the sample. At temperatures below 500 mK, the GGG field exhibits a saturation that cannot be described by the standard Brillouin function for a paramagnet. Including the calculated GGG field in the analysis of the FMR frequency versus temperature dependence allowed the determination of the cubic and uniaxial anisotropies. We find that the total anisotropy increases more than three times with the decrease in temperature down to 2 K. Our findings enable accurate predictions of the YIG/GGG magnetic systems behavior at low and ultra-low millikelvin temperatures, crucial for developing quantum magnonic devices.

Published
2024

9. Iterative assembly of $^{171}$Yb atom arrays with cavity-enhanced optical lattices

Author

Norcia, M. A., Kim, H., Cairncross, W. B., Stone, M., Ryou, A., Jaffe, M., Brown, M. O., Barnes, K., Battaglino, P., Bohdanowicz, T. C., Brown, A., Cassella, K., Chen, C. -A., Coxe, R., Crow, D., Epstein, J., Griger, C., Halperin, E., Hummel, F., Jones, A. M. W., Kindem, J. M., King, J., Kotru, K., Lauigan, J., Li, M., Lu, M., Megidish, E., Marjanovic, J., McDonald, M., Mittiga, T., Muniz, J. A., Narayanaswami, S., Nishiguchi, C., Paule, T., Pawlak, K. A., Peng, L. S., Pudenz, K. L., Perez, D. Rodriguez, Smull, A., Stack, D., Urbanek, M., van de Veerdonk, R. J. M., Vendeiro, Z., Wadleigh, L., Wilkason, T., Wu, T. -Y., Xie, X., Zalys-Geller, E., Zhang, X., and Bloom, B. J.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Assembling and maintaining large arrays of individually addressable atoms is a key requirement for continued scaling of neutral-atom-based quantum computers and simulators. In this work, we demonstrate a new paradigm for assembly of atomic arrays, based on a synergistic combination of optical tweezers and cavity-enhanced optical lattices, and the incremental filling of a target array from a repetitively filled reservoir. In this protocol, the tweezers provide microscopic rearrangement of atoms, while the cavity-enhanced lattices enable the creation of large numbers of optical traps with sufficient depth for rapid low-loss imaging of atoms. We apply this protocol to demonstrate near-deterministic filling (99% per-site occupancy) of 1225-site arrays of optical traps. Because the reservoir is repeatedly filled with fresh atoms, the array can be maintained in a filled state indefinitely. We anticipate that this protocol will be compatible with mid-circuit reloading of atoms into a quantum processor, which will be a key capability for running large-scale error-corrected quantum computations whose durations exceed the lifetime of a single atom in the system., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures

Published
2024

10. The Association Between Ankle-Brachial Index and Daily Patterns of Physical Activity: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Author

Chiu, Venus, Urbanek, Jacek, Wanigatunga, Amal, Allison, Matthew, Ballew, Shoshana, Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin, Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela, Gallo, Linda, Xue, Xiaonan, Talavera, Gregory, Evenson, Kelly, Kaplan, Robert, Matsushita, Kunihiro, and Schrack, Jennifer

Subjects
Ankle–brachial index, Hispanics, Latinos, Peripheral artery disease, Physical activity, Humans, Ankle Brachial Index, Risk Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies, Public Health, Exercise, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Hispanic or Latino
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with lower physical activity but less is known about its association with daily patterns of activity. We examined the cross-sectional association between ankle-brachial index (ABI) and objectively measured patterns of physical activity among Hispanic/Latino adults. METHODS: We analyzed data from 7 688 participants (aged 45-74 years) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. ABI was categorized as low (≤0.90, indicating PAD), borderline low (0.91-0.99), normal (1.00-1.40), and high (>1.40, indicating incompressible ankle arteries). Daily physical activity metrics derived from accelerometer data included: log of total activity counts (LTAC), total log-transformed activity counts (TLAC), and active-to-sedentary transition probability (ASTP). Average differences between ABI categories in physical activity, overall and by 4-hour time-of-day intervals, were assessed using linear regression and mixed-effects models, respectively. RESULTS: In Hispanic/Latino adults, 5.3% and 2.6% had low and high ABIs, respectively. After adjustment, having a low compared to a normal ABI was associated with lower volume (LTAC = -0.13, p < .01; TLAC = -74.4, p = .04) and more fragmented physical activity (ASTP = 1.22%, p < .01). Having a low ABI was linked with more fragmented physical activity after 12 pm (p < .01). Having a high ABI was associated with lower volumes of activity (TLAC = -132.0, p = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Having a low or high ABI is associated with lower and more fragmented physical activity in Hispanic/Latino adults. In adults with low ABI, physical activity is more fragmented in the afternoon to evening. Longitudinal research is warranted to expand these findings to guide targeted interventions for PAD or incompressible ankle arteries.

Published
2024

11. A Picture is Worth More Than 77 Text Tokens: Evaluating CLIP-Style Models on Dense Captions

Author

Urbanek, Jack, Bordes, Florian, Astolfi, Pietro, Williamson, Mary, Sharma, Vasu, and Romero-Soriano, Adriana

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Curation methods for massive vision-language datasets trade off between dataset size and quality. However, even the highest quality of available curated captions are far too short to capture the rich visual detail in an image. To show the value of dense and highly-aligned image-text pairs, we collect the Densely Captioned Images (DCI) dataset, containing 7805 natural images human-annotated with mask-aligned descriptions averaging above 1000 words each. With precise and reliable captions associated with specific parts of an image, we can evaluate vision-language models' (VLMs) understanding of image content with a novel task that matches each caption with its corresponding subcrop. As current models are often limited to 77 text tokens, we also introduce a summarized version (sDCI) in which each caption length is limited. We show that modern techniques that make progress on standard benchmarks do not correspond with significant improvement on our sDCI based benchmark. Lastly, we finetune CLIP using sDCI and show significant improvements over the baseline despite a small training set. By releasing the first human annotated dense image captioning dataset, we hope to enable the development of new benchmarks or fine-tuning recipes for the next generation of VLMs to come.

Published
2023

12. Unidirectional propagation of zero-momentum magnons

Author

Wojewoda, Ondřej, Holobrádek, Jakub, Pavelka, Dominik, Pribytova, Ekaterina, Krčma, Jakub, Klíma, Jan, Michalička, Jan, Lednický, Tomáš, Chumak, Andrii V., and Urbánek, Michal

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We report on experimental observation of unidirectional propagation of zero-momentum magnons in synthetic antiferromagnet consisting of strained CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB trilayer. Inherent non-reciprocity of spin waves in synthetic antiferromagnets with uniaxial anisotropy results in smooth and monotonous dispersion relation around Gamma point, where the direction of the phase velocity is reversed, while the group velocity direction is conserved. The experimental observation of this phenomenon by intensity-, phase-, and time-resolved Brillouin light scattering microscopy is corroborated by analytical models and micromagnetic simulations.

Published
2023

13. The Complex Evaluation of the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic at Universities: A Soft Computing Approach

Author

František Zapletal, Miroslav Hudec, Miloš Švana, Lucie Chytilová, Karel Hlavácek, Aleš Lokaj, Anna Urbanek, Jozef Glova, João Paulo Samartinho, Cristina Maria Costa Rodriguez, and Stefán Guðnason

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the educational process since the teaching process has been forced to go online in many countries. This enforced change revealed the weaknesses and strengths of the national educational systems and particular institutions. This article aims to analyse the impact of COVID-19 at selected European universities and assess the satisfaction of students, teachers, IT staff and management. This study is unique for its systematicity and complexity -- it aggregates the opinions of all interested groups of stakeholders, distinguishes several time periods (before, during and after the pandemic), and allows the respondents to express hesitance in their evaluation. The evaluation model uses fuzzy sets to capture the uncertainty and to aggregate the opinions of different stakeholder groups. The empirical results show that most of the satisfaction development is the same or similar for all institutions examined. Then, the pandemic strongly influenced the satisfaction of all stakeholder groups at the universities examined. This impact was mostly negative, however, several lessons learnt have been revealed. Therefore, it was shown that it is highly beneficial to include these aspects to obtain a reliable picture of overall satisfaction.

Published
2023

15. Comparison of wall paintings at Ostia Antica by NMR depth profiling

Author

Matea Urbanek, Jan Bader, Daniel Krüger, Alissa Yong, Hilary Becker, Jürgen Frick, Jens Anders, Eleonora Del Federico, Paolo Tomassini, and Bernhard Blümich

Subjects
Ostia Antica, Fresco, Mortar stratigraphy, NMR depth profiling, NMR-MOUSE, Fine Arts, Analytical chemistry, QD71-142
Abstract

Abstract Painted walls were analyzed at Ostia Antica, the ancient port of Rome, with the aim to trace the evolution of the buildings in the city. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) depth profiles were acquired from walls and mortar fragments to image the stratigraphy of the mortar-layer preparations for the painted surfaces produced over more than five centuries from the second century BC to the third century AD. The profiles are compared in search of similarity to obtain clues suggesting alike workmanship and contemporaneous origin, and to retrace the transformations of execution technique in time.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. The International Climate Psychology Collaboration: Climate change-related data collected from 63 countries

Author

Kimberly C. Doell, Boryana Todorova, Madalina Vlasceanu, Joseph B. Bak Coleman, Ekaterina Pronizius, Philipp Schumann, Flavio Azevedo, Yash Patel, Michael M. Berkebile-Wineberg, Cameron Brick, Florian Lange, Samantha J. Grayson, Yifei Pei, Alek Chakroff, Karlijn L. van den Broek, Claus Lamm, Denisa Vlasceanu, Sara M. Constantino, Steve Rathje, Danielle Goldwert, Ke Fang, Salvatore Maria Aglioti, Mark Alfano, Andy J. Alvarado-Yepez, Angélica Andersen, Frederik Anseel, Matthew A. J. Apps, Chillar Asadli, Fonda Jane Awuor, Piero Basaglia, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Sebastian Berger, Paul Bertin, Michał Białek, Olga Bialobrzeska, Michelle Blaya-Burgo, Daniëlle N. M. Bleize, Simen Bø, Lea Boecker, Paulo S. Boggio, Sylvie Borau, Björn Bos, Ayoub Bouguettaya, Markus Brauer, Tymofii Brik, Roman Briker, Tobias Brosch, Ondrej Buchel, Daniel Buonauro, Radhika Butalia, Héctor Carvacho, Sarah A. E. Chamberlain, Hang-Yee Chan, Dawn Chow, Dongil Chung, Luca Cian, Noa Cohen-Eick, Luis Sebastian Contreras-Huerta, Davide Contu, Vladimir Cristea, Jo Cutler, Silvana D’Ottone, Jonas De keersmaecker, Sarah Delcourt, Sylvain Delouvée, Kathi Diel, Benjamin D. Douglas, Moritz A. Drupp, Shreya Dubey, Jānis Ekmanis, Christian T. Elbaek, Mahmoud Elsherif, Iris M. Engelhard, Yannik A. Escher, Tom W. Etienne, Laura Farage, Ana Rita Farias, Stefan Feuerriegel, Andrej Findor, Lucia Freira, Malte Friese, Neil Philip Gains, Albina Gallyamova, Sandra J. Geiger, Oliver Genschow, Biljana Gjoneska, Theofilos Gkinopoulos, Beth Goldberg, Amit Goldenberg, Sarah Gradidge, Simone Grassini, Kurt Gray, Sonja Grelle, Siobhán M. Griffin, Lusine Grigoryan, Ani Grigoryan, Dmitry Grigoryev, June Gruber, Johnrev Guilaran, Britt Hadar, Ulf J. J. Hahnel, Eran Halperin, Annelie J. Harvey, Christian A. P. Haugestad, Aleksandra M. Herman, Hal E. Hershfield, Toshiyuki Himichi, Donald W. Hine, Wilhelm Hofmann, Lauren Howe, Enma T. Huaman-Chulluncuy, Guanxiong Huang, Tatsunori Ishii, Ayahito Ito, Fanli Jia, John T. Jost, Veljko Jovanović, Dominika Jurgiel, Ondřej Kácha, Reeta Kankaanpää, Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Keren Kaplan Mintz, Ilker Kaya, Ozgur Kaya, Narine Khachatryan, Anna Klas, Colin Klein, Christian A. Klöckner, Lina Koppel, Alexandra I. Kosachenko, Emily J. Kothe, Ruth Krebs, Amy R. Krosch, Andre P. M. Krouwel, Yara Kyrychenko, Maria Lagomarsino, Julia Lee Cunningham, Jeffrey Lees, Tak Yan Leung, Neil Levy, Patricia L. Lockwood, Chiara Longoni, Alberto López Ortega, David D. Loschelder, Jackson G. Lu, Yu Luo, Joseph Luomba, Annika E. Lutz, Johann M. Majer, Ezra Markowitz, Abigail A. Marsh, Karen Louise Mascarenhas, Bwambale Mbilingi, Winfred Mbungu, Cillian McHugh, Marijn H. C. Meijers, Hugo Mercier, Fenant Laurent Mhagama, Katerina Michalaki, Nace Mikus, Sarah G. Milliron, Panagiotis Mitkidis, Fredy S. Monge-Rodríguez, Youri L. Mora, Michael J. Morais, David Moreau, Kosuke Motoki, Manuel Moyano, Mathilde Mus, Joaquin Navajas, Tam Luong Nguyen, Dung Minh Nguyen, Trieu Nguyen, Laura Niemi, Sari R. R. Nijssen, Gustav Nilsonne, Jonas P. Nitschke, Laila Nockur, Ritah Okura, Sezin Öner, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Helena Palumbo, Costas Panagopoulos, Maria Serena Panasiti, Philip Pärnamets, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Yuri G. Pavlov, César Payán-Gómez, Adam R. Pearson, Leonor Pereira da Costa, Hannes M. Petrowsky, Stefan Pfattheicher, Nhat Tan Pham, Vladimir Ponizovskiy, Clara Pretus, Gabriel G. Rêgo, Ritsaart Reimann, Shawn A. Rhoads, Julian Riano-Moreno, Isabell Richter, Jan Philipp Röer, Jahred Rosa-Sullivan, Robert M. Ross, Anandita Sabherwal, Toshiki Saito, Oriane Sarrasin, Nicolas Say, Katharina Schmid, Michael T. Schmitt, Philipp Schoenegger, Christin Scholz, Mariah G. Schug, Stefan Schulreich, Ganga Shreedhar, Eric Shuman, Smadar Sivan, Hallgeir Sjåstad, Meikel Soliman, Katia Soud, Tobia Spampatti, Gregg Sparkman, Ognen Spasovski, Samantha K. Stanley, Jessica A. Stern, Noel Strahm, Yasushi Suko, Sunhae Sul, Stylianos Syropoulos, Neil C. Taylor, Elisa Tedaldi, Gustav Tinghög, Luu Duc Toan Huynh, Giovanni Antonio Travaglino, Manos Tsakiris, İlayda Tüter, Michael Tyrala, Özden Melis Uluğ, Arkadiusz Urbanek, Danila Valko, Sander van der Linden, Kevin van Schie, Aart van Stekelenburg, Edmunds Vanags, Daniel Västfjäll, Stepan Vesely, Jáchym Vintr, Marek Vranka, Patrick Otuo Wanguche, Robb Willer, Adrian Dominik Wojcik, Rachel Xu, Anjali Yadav, Magdalena Zawisza, Xian Zhao, Jiaying Zhao, Dawid Żuk, and Jay J. Van Bavel

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Climate change is currently one of humanity’s greatest threats. To help scholars understand the psychology of climate change, we conducted an online quasi-experimental survey on 59,508 participants from 63 countries (collected between July 2022 and July 2023). In a between-subjects design, we tested 11 interventions designed to promote climate change mitigation across four outcomes: climate change belief, support for climate policies, willingness to share information on social media, and performance on an effortful pro-environmental behavioural task. Participants also reported their demographic information (e.g., age, gender) and several other independent variables (e.g., political orientation, perceptions about the scientific consensus). In the no-intervention control group, we also measured important additional variables, such as environmentalist identity and trust in climate science. We report the collaboration procedure, study design, raw and cleaned data, all survey materials, relevant analysis scripts, and data visualisations. This dataset can be used to further the understanding of psychological, demographic, and national-level factors related to individual-level climate action and how these differ across countries.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Olfactory performance and odor liking are negatively associated with food neophobia in children aged between 3 and 9 years

Author

Agnieszka Sorokowska, Dominika Chabin, Aleksandra Kamieńska, Sabina Barszcz, Katarzyna Byczyńska, Klaudia Fuławka, Arkadiusz Urbanek, and Anna Oleszkiewicz

Subjects
Food neophobia, Child nutrition, Feeding problems, Sensory sensitivity, Olfaction, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background Child food neophobia, i.e., rejection or avoidance of novel foods at a young age, is a prevalent nutrition problem that affects the quality of children’s diet and impedes the development of healthy food preferences. Sensory sensitivity can relate to the degree of food neophobia, but previous studies rarely focused on the olfactory component of this problem in children. Objective We aimed to thoroughly examine the relationship between various aspects of olfactory sensitivity and food neophobia in children. Methods 246 children aged between three and nine years took part in a food neophobia assessment as well as in a comprehensive, psychophysical olfactory testing. Results We found that certain smell perception aspects such as lower odor liking, poorer odor identification ability as well as lower sensitivity to an unknown non-food odor all significantly predicted higher food neophobia in children. Among individual characteristics of either a child or a caregiver, only the child’s age significantly and positively predicted food neophobia. The exploratory model looking into the role of family environment factors predicting self-reported food neophobia in children revealed that food neophobia was associated with lower control given to a child in this child’s feeding process, as well as with a more frequent use of food as a reward in feeding. Conclusions We suggest that suppressed olfactory perception and performance can play a unique role in child nutritional difficulties. The study inspires further considerations of olfaction-engaging interventions to counteract food-neophobia in children.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Identifying loci in mobility networks with applications in New Zealand work commutes: a statistical test for identifying extreme stationary distribution values in Markov transition matrices

Author

Michael J. Kane, Owais Gilani, Elena Khusainova, and Simon Urbanek

Subjects
Mobility loci, Directed Graph Clustering, Markov transition matrix, Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods, T57-57.97
Abstract

Abstract Human mobility describes physical patterns of movement of people within a spatial system. Many of these patterns, including daily commuting, are cyclic and quantifiable. These patterns capture physical phenomena tied to processes studied in urban planning, epidemiology, and other social, behavioral, and economic sciences. This paper advances human mobility research by proposing a statistical method for identifying locations that individual move to and through at a rate proportionally higher than other locations, using commuting data for the country of New Zealand as a case study. We term these locations mobility loci and they capture a global property of communities in which people commute. The method makes use of a directed-graph representation where vertices correspond to locations, and traffic between locations correspond to edge weights. Following a normalization, the graph can be regarded as a Markov chain whose stationary distribution can be calculated. The proposed permutation procedure is then applied to determine which stationary distribution values are larger than what would be expected, given the structure of the directed graph and traffic between locations. The results of this method are evaluated, including a comparison to what is already known about commuting patterns in the area as well as a comparison with similar features.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Long‐term follow‐up of patients treated with laser balloon for atrial fibrillation: A high volume center experience with the first‐ and second‐generation laser balloon

Author

Lukas Urbanek, Stefano Bordignon, Shota Tohoku, Jun Hirokami, Takahiko Nagase, Shaojie Chen, David Schaack, K. R. Julian Chun, and Boris Schmidt

Subjects
ablation, arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, laser balloon, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Laser balloon (LB) pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an established ablation technique for atrial fibrillation (AF). We report long‐term follow‐up and procedural data of LB‐PVI and we compare the first and second LB generation. Methods Patients undergoing LB ablation with first‐ (LB1) or second‐generation LB (LB2) for AF were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups. Procedural endpoint was complete PVI. Clinical success was defined as no recurrence of AF/atrial tachycardia after a 90 days blanking period. Results 538 patients were included (age 66 ± 10 years, 58% paroxysmal AF), 427 in LB1 and 111 in LB2. 2079 PVs were targeted and 2073 (99.7%) were successfully isolated; 2027 (97.5%) using solely the LB. Additional touch‐up ablation was limited (46 PVs; 2.2%) with no difference between the groups. Procedural (LB1: 120 ± 33 minutes vs. LB2: 99 ± 22 min; p

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Graphomotor and Handwriting Disabilities Rating Scale (GHDRS): Towards Complex and Objective Assessment

Author

Jiri Mekyska, Katarina Safarova, Tomas Urbanek, Jirina Bednarova, Vojtech Zvoncak, Jana Marie Havigerova, Lukas Cunek, Zoltan Galaz, Jan Mucha, Christine Klauszova, Marcos Faundez-Zanuy, Miguel A. Ferrer, and Moises Diaz

Abstract

Graphomotor and handwriting disabilities (GD and HD, respectively) could significantly reduce children's quality of life. Effective remediation depends on proper diagnosis; however, current approaches to diagnosis and assessment of GD and HD have several limitations and knowledge gaps, e.g. they are subjective, they do not facilitate identification of specific manifestations, etc. The aim of this work is to introduce a new scale (GHDRS--Graphomotor and Handwriting Disabilities Rating Scale) that will enable experts to perform objective and complex computer-aided diagnosis and assessment of GD and HD. The scale supports quantification of 17 manifestations associated with the process/product of drawing/handwriting. The whole methodology of GHDRS design is made maximally transparent so that it could be adapted for other languages.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Mid-circuit qubit measurement and rearrangement in a $^{171}$Yb atomic array

Author

Norcia, M. A., Cairncross, W. B., Barnes, K., Battaglino, P., Brown, A., Brown, M. O., Cassella, K., Chen, C. -A., Coxe, R., Crow, D., Epstein, J., Griger, C., Jones, A. M. W., Kim, H., Kindem, J. M., King, J., Kondov, S. S., Kotru, K., Lauigan, J., Li, M., Lu, M., Megidish, E., Marjanovic, J., McDonald, M., Mittiga, T., Muniz, J. A., Narayanaswami, S., Nishiguchi, C., Notermans, R., Paule, T., Pawlak, K., Peng, L., Ryou, A., Smull, A., Stack, D., Stone, M., Sucich, A., Urbanek, M., van de Veerdonk, R., Vendeiro, Z., Wilkason, T., Wu, T. -Y., Xie, X., Zhang, X., and Bloom, B. J.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Measurement-based quantum error correction relies on the ability to determine the state of a subset of qubits (ancillae) within a processor without revealing or disturbing the state of the remaining qubits. Among neutral-atom based platforms, a scalable, high-fidelity approach to mid-circuit measurement that retains the ancilla qubits in a state suitable for future operations has not yet been demonstrated. In this work, we perform imaging using a narrow-linewidth transition in an array of tweezer-confined $^{171}$Yb atoms to demonstrate nondestructive state-selective and site-selective detection. By applying site-specific light shifts, selected atoms within the array can be hidden from imaging light, which allows a subset of qubits to be measured while causing only percent-level errors on the remaining qubits. As a proof-of-principle demonstration of conditional operations based on the results of the mid-circuit measurements, and of our ability to reuse ancilla qubits, we perform conditional refilling of ancilla sites to correct for occasional atom loss, while maintaining the coherence of data qubits. Looking towards true continuous operation, we demonstrate loading of a magneto-optical trap with a minimal degree of qubit decoherence., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. The International Climate Psychology Collaboration: Climate change-related data collected from 63 countries

Author

Doell, Kimberly C., Todorova, Boryana, Vlasceanu, Madalina, Bak Coleman, Joseph B., Pronizius, Ekaterina, Schumann, Philipp, Azevedo, Flavio, Patel, Yash, Berkebile-Wineberg, Michael M., Brick, Cameron, Lange, Florian, Grayson, Samantha J., Pei, Yifei, Chakroff, Alek, van den Broek, Karlijn L., Lamm, Claus, Vlasceanu, Denisa, Constantino, Sara M., Rathje, Steve, Goldwert, Danielle, Fang, Ke, Aglioti, Salvatore Maria, Alfano, Mark, Alvarado-Yepez, Andy J., Andersen, Angélica, Anseel, Frederik, Apps, Matthew A. J., Asadli, Chillar, Awuor, Fonda Jane, Basaglia, Piero, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Berger, Sebastian, Bertin, Paul, Białek, Michał, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Blaya-Burgo, Michelle, Bleize, Daniëlle N. M., Bø, Simen, Boecker, Lea, Boggio, Paulo S., Borau, Sylvie, Borau, Sylvie, Bos, Björn, Bouguettaya, Ayoub, Brauer, Markus, Brik, Tymofii, Briker, Roman, Brosch, Tobias, Buchel, Ondrej, Buonauro, Daniel, Butalia, Radhika, Carvacho, Héctor, Chamberlain, Sarah A. E., Chan, Hang-Yee, Chow, Dawn, Chung, Dongil, Cian, Luca, Cohen-Eick, Noa, Contreras-Huerta, Luis Sebastian, Contu, Davide, Cristea, Vladimir, Cutler, Jo, D’Ottone, Silvana, De keersmaecker, Jonas, Delcourt, Sarah, Delouvée, Sylvain, Diel, Kathi, Douglas, Benjamin D., Drupp, Moritz A., Dubey, Shreya, Ekmanis, Jānis, Elbaek, Christian T., Elsherif, Mahmoud, Engelhard, Iris M., Escher, Yannik A., Etienne, Tom W., Farage, Laura, Farias, Ana Rita, Feuerriegel, Stefan, Findor, Andrej, Freira, Lucia, Friese, Malte, Gains, Neil Philip, Gallyamova, Albina, Geiger, Sandra J., Genschow, Oliver, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gkinopoulos, Theofilos, Goldberg, Beth, Goldenberg, Amit, Gradidge, Sarah, Grassini, Simone, Gray, Kurt, Grelle, Sonja, Griffin, Siobhán M., Grigoryan, Lusine, Grigoryan, Ani, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Gruber, June, Guilaran, Johnrev, Hadar, Britt, Hahnel, Ulf J. J., Halperin, Eran, Harvey, Annelie J., Haugestad, Christian A. P., Herman, Aleksandra M., Hershfield, Hal E., Himichi, Toshiyuki, Hine, Donald W., Hofmann, Wilhelm, Howe, Lauren, Huaman-Chulluncuy, Enma T., Huang, Guanxiong, Ishii, Tatsunori, Ito, Ayahito, Jia, Fanli, Jost, John T., Jovanović, Veljko, Jurgiel, Dominika, Kácha, Ondřej, Kankaanpää, Reeta, Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Elena, Mintz, Keren Kaplan, Kaya, Ilker, Kaya, Ozgur, Khachatryan, Narine, Klas, Anna, Klein, Colin, Klöckner, Christian A., Koppel, Lina, Kosachenko, Alexandra I., Kothe, Emily J., Krebs, Ruth, Krosch, Amy R., Krouwel, Andre P. M., Kyrychenko, Yara, Lagomarsino, Maria, Cunningham, Julia Lee, Lees, Jeffrey, Leung, Tak Yan, Levy, Neil, Lockwood, Patricia L., Longoni, Chiara, Ortega, Alberto López, Loschelder, David D., Lu, Jackson G., Luo, Yu, Luomba, Joseph, Lutz, Annika E., Majer, Johann M., Markowitz, Ezra, Marsh, Abigail A., Mascarenhas, Karen Louise, Mbilingi, Bwambale, Mbungu, Winfred, McHugh, Cillian, Meijers, Marijn H. C., Mercier, Hugo, Mhagama, Fenant Laurent, Michalaki, Katerina, Mikus, Nace, Milliron, Sarah G., Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Monge-Rodríguez, Fredy S., Mora, Youri L., Morais, Michael J., Moreau, David, Motoki, Kosuke, Moyano, Manuel, Mus, Mathilde, Navajas, Joaquin, Nguyen, Tam Luong, Nguyen, Dung Minh, Nguyen, Trieu, Niemi, Laura, Nijssen, Sari R. R., Nilsonne, Gustav, Nitschke, Jonas P., Nockur, Laila, Okura, Ritah, Öner, Sezin, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Palumbo, Helena, Panagopoulos, Costas, Panasiti, Maria Serena, Pärnamets, Philip, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Pavlov, Yuri G., Payán-Gómez, César, Pearson, Adam R., da Costa, Leonor Pereira, Petrowsky, Hannes M., Pfattheicher, Stefan, Pham, Nhat Tan, Ponizovskiy, Vladimir, Pretus, Clara, Rêgo, Gabriel G., Reimann, Ritsaart, Rhoads, Shawn A., Riano-Moreno, Julian, Richter, Isabell, Röer, Jan Philipp, Rosa-Sullivan, Jahred, Ross, Robert M., Sabherwal, Anandita, Saito, Toshiki, Sarrasin, Oriane, Say, Nicolas, Schmid, Katharina, Schmitt, Michael T., Schoenegger, Philipp, Scholz, Christin, Schug, Mariah G., Schulreich, Stefan, Shreedhar, Ganga, Shuman, Eric, Sivan, Smadar, Sjåstad, Hallgeir, Soliman, Meikel, Soud, Katia, Spampatti, Tobia, Sparkman, Gregg, Spasovski, Ognen, Stanley, Samantha K., Stern, Jessica A., Strahm, Noel, Suko, Yasushi, Sul, Sunhae, Syropoulos, Stylianos, Taylor, Neil C., Tedaldi, Elisa, Tinghög, Gustav, Huynh, Luu Duc Toan, Travaglino, Giovanni Antonio, Tsakiris, Manos, Tüter, İlayda, Tyrala, Michael, Uluğ, Özden Melis, Urbanek, Arkadiusz, Valko, Danila, van der Linden, Sander, van Schie, Kevin, van Stekelenburg, Aart, Vanags, Edmunds, Västfjäll, Daniel, Vesely, Stepan, Vintr, Jáchym, Vranka, Marek, Wanguche, Patrick Otuo, Willer, Robb, Wojcik, Adrian Dominik, Xu, Rachel, Yadav, Anjali, Zawisza, Magdalena, Zhao, Xian, Zhao, Jiaying, Żuk, Dawid, and Van Bavel, Jay J.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Co-aggregation with Apolipoprotein E modulates the function of Amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Xia, Zengjie, Prescott, Emily E., Urbanek, Agnieszka, Wareing, Hollie E., King, Marianne C., Olerinyova, Anna, Dakin, Helen, Leah, Tom, Barnes, Katy A., Matuszyk, Martyna M., Dimou, Eleni, Hidari, Eric, Zhang, Yu P., Lam, Jeff Y. L., Danial, John S. H., Strickland, Michael R., Jiang, Hong, Thornton, Peter, Crowther, Damian C., Ohtonen, Sohvi, Gómez-Budia, Mireia, Bell, Simon M., Ferraiuolo, Laura, Mortiboys, Heather, Higginbottom, Adrian, Wharton, Stephen B., Holtzman, David M., Malm, Tarja, Ranasinghe, Rohan T., Klenerman, David, and De, Suman

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Drug repurposing screen identifies lonafarnib as respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein inhibitor

Author

Sake, Svenja M., Zhang, Xiaoyu, Rajak, Manoj Kumar, Urbanek-Quaing, Melanie, Carpentier, Arnaud, Gunesch, Antonia P., Grethe, Christina, Matthaei, Alina, Rückert, Jessica, Galloux, Marie, Larcher, Thibaut, Le Goffic, Ronan, Hontonnou, Fortune, Chatterjee, Arnab K., Johnson, Kristen, Morwood, Kaycie, Rox, Katharina, Elgaher, Walid A. M., Huang, Jiabin, Wetzke, Martin, Hansen, Gesine, Fischer, Nicole, Eléouët, Jean-Francois, Rameix-Welti, Marie-Anne, Hirsch, Anna K. H., Herold, Elisabeth, Empting, Martin, Lauber, Chris, Schulz, Thomas F., Krey, Thomas, Haid, Sibylle, and Pietschmann, Thomas

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) across 37 Languages

Author

Kowal, Marta, Sorokowski, Piotr, Dinić, Bojana M., Pisanski, Katarzyna, Gjoneska, Biljana, Frederick, David A., Pfuhl, Gerit, Milfont, Taciano L., Bode, Adam, Aguilar, Leonardo, García, Felipe E., Roberts, S. Craig, Abad-Villaverde, Beatriz, Kavčič, Tina, Miroshnik, Kirill G., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Šafárová, Katarína, Valentova, Jaroslava V., Aavik, Toivo, Blackburn, Angélique M., Çetinkaya, Hakan, Duyar, Izzet, Guemaz, Farida, Ishii, Tatsunori, Kačmár, Pavol, Natividade, Jean C., Nussinson, Ravit, Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian B., Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T., Ponnet, Koen, Wang, Austin H., Yoo, Gyesook, Amin, Rizwana, Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine, Afhami, Reza, Arvanitis, Alexios, Duyar, Derya Atamturk, Besson, Théo, Boussena, Mahmoud, Can, Seda, Can, Ali R., Carneiro, João, Castro, Rita, Chubinidze, Dimitri, Čunichina, Ksenija, Don, Yahya, Dural, Seda, Etchezahar, Edgardo, Fekih-Romdhane, Feten, Frackowiak, Tomasz, Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman, Yepes, Talía Gómez, Grassini, Simone, Jovic, Marija, Kertechian, Kevin S., Khan, Farah, Kobylarek, Aleksander, Križanić, Valerija, Lins, Samuel, Mandzyk, Tetyana, Manunta, Efisio, Martinac Dorčić, Tamara, Muthu, Kavitha N., Najmussaqib, Arooj, Otterbring, Tobias, Park, Ju Hee, Pavela Banai, Irena, Perun, Mariia, Reyes, Marc Eric S., Röer, Jan P., Şahin, Ayşegül, Sahli, Fatima Zahra, Šakan, Dušana, Singh, Sangeeta, Smojver-Azic, Sanja, Söylemez, Sinem, Spasovski, Ognen, Studzinska, Anna, Toplu-Demirtas, Ezgi, Urbanek, Arkadiusz, Volkodav, Tatiana, Wlodarczyk, Anna, Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohd Y., Yusof, Mat Rahimi, Zumárraga-Espinosa, Marcos, Zupančič, Maja, and Sternberg, Robert J.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Multi-Party Chat: Conversational Agents in Group Settings with Humans and Models

Author

Wei, Jimmy, Shuster, Kurt, Szlam, Arthur, Weston, Jason, Urbanek, Jack, and Komeili, Mojtaba

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Current dialogue research primarily studies pairwise (two-party) conversations, and does not address the everyday setting where more than two speakers converse together. In this work, we both collect and evaluate multi-party conversations to study this more general case. We use the LIGHT environment to construct grounded conversations, where each participant has an assigned character to role-play. We thus evaluate the ability of language models to act as one or more characters in such conversations. Models require two skills that pairwise-trained models appear to lack: (1) being able to decide when to talk; (2) producing coherent utterances grounded on multiple characters. We compare models trained on our new dataset to existing pairwise-trained dialogue models, as well as large language models with few-shot prompting. We find that our new dataset, MultiLIGHT, which we will publicly release, can help bring significant improvements in the group setting.

Published
2023

37. Phase-resolved optical characterization of nanoscale spin waves

Author

Wojewoda, Ondřej, Hrtoň, Martin, Dhankhar, Meena, Krčma, Jakub, Davídková, Kristýna, Klíma, Jan, Holobrádek, Jakub, Ligmajer, Filip, Šikola, Tomáš, and Urbánek, Michal

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We study theoretically and experimentally the process of Brillouin light scattering on an array of silicon disks on a thin Permalloy layer. We show that phase-resolved Brillouin light scattering microscopy performed on an array of weakly interacting dielectric nanoresonators can detect nanoscale waves and measure their dispersion. In our experiment, we were able to map the evolution of the phase of the spin wave with a wavelength of 209 nm with a precision of 6 nm. These results demonstrate the feasibility of all-optical phase-resolved characterization of nanoscale spin waves.

Published
2023

38. Vortex counting and velocimetry for slitted superconducting thin strips

Author

Bevz, V. M., Mikhailov, M. Yu., Budinská, B., Lamb-Camarena, S., Shpilinska, S. O., Chumak, A. V., Urbánek, M., Arndt, M., Lang, W., and Dobrovolskiy, O. V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The maximal speed $v^\ast$ for magnetic flux quanta is determined by the energy relaxation of unpaired electrons and is thus essential for superconducting microstrip single-photon detectors (SMSPDs). However, the deduction of $v^\ast$ from the current-voltage ($I$-$V$) curves at zero magnetic field is hindered by the unknown number of vortices, $n_\mathrm{v}$, as a small number of fast-moving vortices can induce the same voltage as a large number of slow-moving ones. Here, we introduce an approach for the quantitative determination of $n_\mathrm{v}$ and $v^\ast$. The idea is based on the Aslamazov and Larkin prediction of kinks in the $I$-$V$ curves of wide and short superconducting constrictions when the number of fluxons crossing the constriction is increased by one. We realize such conditions in wide MoSi thin strips with slits milled by a focused ion beam and reveal quantum effects in a macroscopic system. By observing kinks in the $I$-$V$ curves with increase of the transport current, we evidence a crossover from a single- to multi-fluxon dynamics and deduce $v^\ast\simeq12\,$km/s. Our experimental observations are augmented with numerical modeling results which reveal a transition from a vortex chain over a vortex jet to a vortex river with increase of $n_\mathrm{v}$ and the vortex velocity. Our findings are essential for the development of 1D and 2D few-fluxon devices and provide a demanded approach for the deduction of $v^\ast$ at the SMSPD operation conditions., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Proteomic effects of the coagulation proteinase thrombin on LX-2 hepatic stellate cells

Author

Kaufmann Roland, Mußbach Franziska, Urbanek Annett, Settmacher Utz, and von Eggeling Ferdinand

Subjects
thrombin, hepatic stellate cells, lx-2, proteomic profiling, mass spectrometry, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of the coagulation proteinase thrombin on proteomic level in human hepatic stellate LX-2 cells. Methods: Proteomic analyses were performed using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). The protein profiles obtained from LX-2 cell lysates using strong anion exchanger Q10 ProteinChip arrays were statistically analyzed. Results: The peak intensities of 50 protein/peptide clusters were identified as being different between nonstimulated and LX-2 cells treated with thrombin for 6 h and 24 h, respectively. As the most significantly enhanced single signal in LX-2 cells stimulated with thrombin, a protein with a molecular mass of 13.560 kDa has been identified that corresponds exactly to calcium dependent phospholipase 2 (cPLA2). Thrombin-induced increase in the cPLA2 protein expression in LX-2 cells was confirmed by using the Western blotting technique. Conclusions: Together with the finding that thrombin induced phosphorylating activation of cPLA2 in LX-2 cells, our data point to an important function of the thrombin-mediated modulation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in hepatic stellate cells.

Published
2014

40. FOXO3a/PI3K/Akt pathway participates in the ROS- induced apoptosis triggered by α-ZEL and β-ZEL

Author

Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Marta Justyna Kozieł, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Karolina Kowalska, and Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska

Subjects
Zearalenol, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, Prostate cancer, FOXO3a, Akt, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Zearalenone (ZEN), an estrogenic mycotoxin, is one of the most common food and feed contaminants. Also, its metabolites α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZEL) are considered to induce oxidative stress, however its effect in prostate cells is not known yet. Our previous observations showed that forehead box transcription factor 3a (FOXO3a) expression is modified in hormone- sensitive cells in the response to mycotoxins, similar to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Thus, this study evaluated the direct molecular effect of α-ZEL and β-ZEL in a dose of 30 µM in hormone-dependent human prostate cancer (PCa) cells with the focus of the involvement of FOXO3a and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in that effect. We observed that both active metabolites of ZEN reduced cell viability, induced oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PCa cells. Furthermore, we observed that FOXO3a as well as PI3K/Akt signaling pathway participate in ZELs induced toxicity in PCa cells, indicating that this signaling pathway might be a regulator of mycotoxin-induced toxicity generally.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Co-aggregation with Apolipoprotein E modulates the function of Amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Zengjie Xia, Emily E. Prescott, Agnieszka Urbanek, Hollie E. Wareing, Marianne C. King, Anna Olerinyova, Helen Dakin, Tom Leah, Katy A. Barnes, Martyna M. Matuszyk, Eleni Dimou, Eric Hidari, Yu P. Zhang, Jeff Y. L. Lam, John S. H. Danial, Michael R. Strickland, Hong Jiang, Peter Thornton, Damian C. Crowther, Sohvi Ohtonen, Mireia Gómez-Budia, Simon M. Bell, Laura Ferraiuolo, Heather Mortiboys, Adrian Higginbottom, Stephen B. Wharton, David M. Holtzman, Tarja Malm, Rohan T. Ranasinghe, David Klenerman, and Suman De

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Which isoforms of apolipoprotein E (apoE) we inherit determine our risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), but the mechanism underlying this link is poorly understood. In particular, the relevance of direct interactions between apoE and amyloid-β (Aβ) remains controversial. Here, single-molecule imaging shows that all isoforms of apoE associate with Aβ in the early stages of aggregation and then fall away as fibrillation happens. ApoE-Aβ co-aggregates account for ~50% of the mass of diffusible Aβ aggregates detected in the frontal cortices of homozygotes with the higher-risk APOE4 gene. We show how dynamic interactions between apoE and Aβ tune disease-related functions of Aβ aggregates throughout the course of aggregation. Our results connect inherited APOE genotype with the risk of developing AD by demonstrating how, in an isoform- and lipidation-specific way, apoE modulates the aggregation, clearance and toxicity of Aβ. Selectively removing non-lipidated apoE4-Aβ co-aggregates enhances clearance of toxic Aβ by glial cells, and reduces secretion of inflammatory markers and membrane damage, demonstrating a clear path to AD therapeutics.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Infusing Commonsense World Models with Graph Knowledge

Author

Gurung, Alexander, Komeili, Mojtaba, Szlam, Arthur, Weston, Jason, and Urbanek, Jack

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

While language models have become more capable of producing compelling language, we find there are still gaps in maintaining consistency, especially when describing events in a dynamically changing world. We study the setting of generating narratives in an open world text adventure game, where a graph representation of the underlying game state can be used to train models that consume and output both grounded graph representations and natural language descriptions and actions. We build a large set of tasks by combining crowdsourced and simulated gameplays with a novel dataset of complex actions in order to to construct such models. We find it is possible to improve the consistency of action narration models by training on graph contexts and targets, even if graphs are not present at test time. This is shown both in automatic metrics and human evaluations. We plan to release our code, the new set of tasks, and best performing models.

Published
2023

43. Mephisto: A Framework for Portable, Reproducible, and Iterative Crowdsourcing

Author

Urbanek, Jack and Ringshia, Pratik

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

We introduce Mephisto, a framework to make crowdsourcing for research more reproducible, transparent, and collaborative. Mephisto provides abstractions that cover a broad set of task designs and data collection workflows, and provides a simple user experience to make best-practices easy defaults. In this whitepaper we discuss the current state of data collection and annotation in ML research, establish the motivation for building a shared framework to enable researchers to create and open-source data collection and annotation tools as part of their publication, and outline a set of suggested requirements for a system to facilitate these goals. We then step through our resolution in Mephisto, explaining the abstractions we use, our design decisions around the user experience, and share implementation details and where they align with the original motivations. We also discuss current limitations, as well as future work towards continuing to deliver on the framework's initial goals. Mephisto is available as an open source project, and its documentation can be found at www.mephisto.ai.

Published
2023

45. Propagating spin-wave spectroscopy in nanometer-thick YIG films at millikelvin temperatures

Author

Knauer, Sebastian, Davídková, Kristýna, Schmoll, David, Serha, Rostyslav O., Voronov, Andrey, Wang, Qi, Verba, Roman, Dobrovolskiy, Oleksandr V., Lindner, Morris, Reimann, Timmy, Dubs, Carsten, Urbánek, Michal, and Chumak, Andrii V.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Performing propagating spin-wave spectroscopy of thin films at millikelvin temperatures is the next step towards the realisation of large-scale integrated magnonic circuits for quantum applications. Here we demonstrate spin-wave propagation in a $100\,\mathrm{nm}$-thick yttrium-iron-garnet film at the temperatures down to $45 \,\mathrm{mK}$, using stripline nanoantennas deposited on YIG surface for the electrical excitation and detection. The clear transmission characteristics over the distance of $10\,\mu \mathrm{m}$ are measured and the subtracted spin-wave group velocity and the YIG saturation magnetisation agree well with the theoretical values. We show that the gadolinium-gallium-garnet substrate influences the spin-wave propagation characteristics only for the applied magnetic fields beyond $75\,\mathrm{mT}$, originating from a GGG magnetisation up to $47 \,\mathrm{kA/m}$ at $45 \,\mathrm{mK}$. Our results show that the developed fabrication and measurement methodologies enable the realisation of integrated magnonic quantum nanotechnologies at millikelvin temperatures., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. The Effectiveness of Public Intervention in the Regional and Urban Mobility Based on the Examples of Poland and Slovakia

Author

Jozef Gnap, Grzegorz Dydkowski, and Anna Urbanek

Subjects
urban, regional transport, effectiveness, poland, slovakia, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990, Science, Transportation engineering, TA1001-1280
Abstract

Ensuring the sustainable development of urban and regional public transport systems is one of the major challenges faced by public authorities. This article examines changes over more than two decades in the two key synthetic measures for balancing transport: urban and regional public transport and individual motorization in two neighbouring EU countries, Poland, and Slovakia. The findings reveal the low effectiveness of transport sustainability policies, particularly in Poland, as evidenced by a decline in public transport usage and a significant increase in the number of private cars. Comparing the two countries Slovakia's policies proved more effective, showing lower increases in the number of private vehicles and only a slight decline in the volume of urban public transport.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Digital measurement of mobility in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A structured review of an emerging area

Author

Erin Robertson, Nader Naghavi, Matthew F. Wipperman, Katie Tuckwell, Muhammad Effendi, Rinol Alaj, Jacek Urbanek, David Lederer, Laura Fredenburgh, and Samuel Stuart

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

This review examined literature that has examined mobility in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) using digital technology. Specifically, the review focussed on: (a) digital mobility measurement in PAH; (b) commonly reported mobility outcomes in PAH; (c) PAH specific impact on mobility outcomes; and (d) recommendations concerning protocols for mobility measurement in PAH. PubMed, Scopus, and Medline databases were searched. Two independent reviewers screened articles that described objective measurement of mobility in PAH using digital technology. Twenty-one articles were screened, and 16 articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were reviewed. Current methodologies for mobility measurement in PAH with digital technologies are discussed. In brief, the reviewed evidence demonstrated that there is a lack of standardisation across studies for instrumentation, outcomes, and interpretation in PAH. The validity and reliability of digital approaches were insufficiently reported in all studies. Future research is required to standardise digital mobility measurement and characterise mobility impairments in PAH across clinical and real-world settings. The reviewed evidence suggests that digital mobility outcomes may be useful clinical measures and may be impaired in PAH, but further research is required to accurately and robustly establish findings. Recommendations are provided for future studies that encompass comprehensive reporting, validation, and measurement.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Correction to: Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) Across 37 Languages

Author

Kowal, Marta, Sorokowski, Piotr, Dinić, Bojana M., Pisanski, Katarzyna, Gjoneska, Biljana, Frederick, David A., Pfuhl, Gerit, Milfont, Taciano L., Bode, Adam, Aguilar, Leonardo, García, Felipe E., Roberts, S. Craig, Abad-Villaverde, Beatriz, Kavčič, Tina, Miroshnik, Kirill G., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Šafárová, Katarína, Valentova, Jaroslava V., Aavik, Toivo, Blackburn, Angélique M., Çetinkaya, Hakan, Duyar, Izzet, Guemaz, Farida, Ishii, Tatsunori, Kačmár, Pavol, Natividade, Jean C., Nussinson, Ravit, Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian B., Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T., Ponnet, Koen, Wang, Austin H., Yoo, Gyesook, Amin, Rizwana, Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine, Afhami, Reza, Arvanitis, Alexios, Duyar, Derya Atamturk, Besson, Théo, Boussena, Mahmoud, Can, Seda, Can, Ali R., Carneiro, João, Castro, Rita, Chubinidze, Dimitri, Čunichina, Ksenija, Don, Yahya, Dural, Seda, Etchezahar, Edgardo, Fekih-Romdhane, Feten, Frackowiak, Tomasz, Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman, Yepes, Talía Gómez, Grassini, Simone, Jovic, Marija, Kertechian, Kevin S., Khan, Farah, Kobylarek, Aleksander, Križanić, Valerija, Lins, Samuel, Mandzyk, Tetyana, Manunta, Efisio, Martinac Dorčić, Tamara, Muthu, Kavitha N., Najmussaqib, Arooj, Otterbring, Tobias, Park, Ju Hee, Pavela Banai, Irena, Perun, Mariia, Reyes, Marc Eric S., Röer, Jan P., Şahin, Ayşegül, Sahli, Fatima Zahra, Šakan, Dušana, Singh, Sangeeta, Smojver-Azic, Sanja, Söylemez, Sinem, Spasovski, Ognen, Studzinska, Anna, Toplu-Demirtas, Ezgi, Urbanek, Arkadiusz, Volkodav, Tatiana, Wlodarczyk, Anna, Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohd Y., Yusof, Mat Rahimi, Zumárraga-Espinosa, Marcos, Zupančič, Maja, and Sternberg, Robert J.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Machine for Grinding the Facet of Forming Punches

Author

Fišer, Pavel, Urbánek, Jindřich, Ceccarelli, Marco, Series Editor, Corves, Burkhard, Advisory Editor, Glazunov, Victor, Advisory Editor, Hernández, Alfonso, Advisory Editor, Huang, Tian, Advisory Editor, Jauregui Correa, Juan Carlos, Advisory Editor, Takeda, Yukio, Advisory Editor, Agrawal, Sunil K., Advisory Editor, Beran, Jaroslav, editor, Bílek, Martin, editor, Václavík, Miroslav, editor, and Žabka, Petr, editor

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results