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The article presents a study which proposes an approach to a network of collaborating virtual organizations (VOs) and a network of collaborating virtual teams (VTs). Researchers have focused on VOs and VTs, whose strengths lie in the range of competencies of their members, offered jointly through collaboration and analyzes the trust relationships based on the principal-agent theory. These trust relationships were analyzed based on the principal-agent theory.

In knowledge discovery, experts frequently need to combine knowledge from different domains to get new insights and derive new conclusions. Intelligent systems should support the experts in the search for relationships between concepts from different domains, where huge amounts of possible combinations require the systems to be efficient but also sufficiently general, open and interactive to enable the experts to creatively guide the discovery process. The paper proposes a cross-domain literature mining methodology that achieves this functionality by combining the functionality of two complementary text mining tools: clustering and topic ontology creation tool OntoGen and cross-domain bridging terms exploration tool CrossBee. Focusing on outlier documents identified by OntoGen contributes to the efficiency, while CrossBee allows for flexible and user-friendly bridging concepts exploration and identification. The proposed approach, which is domain independent and can support cross-domain knowledge discovery in any field of science, is illustrated on a biomedical case study dealing with Alzheimer’s disease, one of the most threatening age-related diseases, deteriorating lives of numerous individuals and challenging the ageing society as a whole. By applying the proposed methodology to Alzheimer’s disease and gut microbiota PubMed articles, we have identified Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) as a potentially valuable link between these two domains. The results support the hypothesis of neuroinflammatory nature of Alzheimer’s disease, and is indicative for the quest for identifying strategies to control nitric oxide-associated pathways in the periphery and in the brain. By addressing common mediators of inflammation using literature-based discovery, we have succeeded to uncover previously unidentified molecular links between Alzheimer’s disease and gut microbiota with a multi-target therapeutic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the role of outliers in literature-based knowledge discovery. It shows that detecting interesting outliers which appear in the literature on a given phenomenon can help the expert to find implicit relationships among concepts of different domains. The underlying assumption is that while the majority of articles in the given scientific domain describe matters related to a common understanding of the domain, the exploration of outliers may lead to the detection of scientifically interesting bridging concepts among disjoint sets of scientific articles. The proposed approach contributes to cross-context link discovery by proving the utility of outlier detection for finding bisociative links in the process of autism literature exploration, as well as by uncovering implicit relationships in the articles from the migraine domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of autism, an enormous increase in available informationmakes it very difficult to connect fragments of knowledge into a more coherent picture. We present a literature mining method, RaJoLink, to search for matched themes in unrelated literature that may contribute to a better understanding of complex pathological conditions, such as autism. 214 full text articles on autism, published in PubMed, served as a source of data. Using ontology construction, we identified the main concepts of what is already known about autism. Then, the RaJoLink method, based on Swanson's ABC model, was used to reveal potentially interesting, but not yet investigated, connections between different concepts in research. Among the more interesting concepts identified with RaJoLink in our study were calcineurin and NF-kappaB. Both terms can be linked to neuro-immune abnormalities in the brain of patients with autism. Further research is needed to provide stronger evidence about calcineurin and NF-kappaB involvement in autism. However, the analysis presented confirms that this method could support experts on their way towards discovering hidden relationships and towards a better understanding of the disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]