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Lakes, especially shallow lakes, contribute disproportionately to greenhouse gas (GHG; particularly CO2 and CH4) emissions and have received global attention due to their high potential to contribute to global warming and future climate change. Recent studies have identified eutrophication as a critical factor in GHG emissions. However, the role of lake trophic state index (TSI) and the impact of important water quality parameters (WQP) such as pH, Chl‐a, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon on GHG emissions are still a subject of debate and an area of intense research. To further understand the relationship between GHG and lake eutrophication, datasets (GHG and WQP) from the scientific literature have been compiled, and statistical analyses of these secondary data were performed to determine the influence of eutrophication on GHG emissions. In this review, GHG emissions from Chinese lakes are quantified, and the important factors affecting these emissions are analysed systematically. The statistical analysis reveals that chlorophyll a and carbon (as TOC) are the key factors of lake eutrophication and have a significant effect on the GHG potential (mainly CH4 fluxes). In addition, the proposed mitigation measures could serve as a guide for scientists and young researchers to reduce future climatic risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is intended to assess and help us understand the role of school resource inadequacy (SRI) on school social engagement (SSE). The authors also utilize this opportunity to analyze the influence of school resource inadequacies on principal stress (PS) and the influence of PS on SSE. School administrators would stand to benefit by understanding the direct influences of school resource inadequacies on SSE, the direct influence of school resource inadequacies on PS, the direct influence of PS on SSE, and the interactional effect of school resource inadequacies and PS on SSE. This study utilizes data from the "Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) Principal Questionnaire," 2018 available for England (United Kingdom). The respondents for this survey are principals of public and private schools in England (United Kingdom). Cronbach alpha values were calculated for the variables to confirm the reliability of variables considered for this study. Also used in this study are the Kaiser‐Meyer‐Olkin (KMO) test and the Andrew F. Hayes model 4 to test the mediating influence and interactional effects. SPSS 23.0 was used for the purpose of data analysis and the output tables are from the results of the tests done using SPSS. The results reiterate the relationship between SRI and PS. This study also establishes the relationship between PS and SSE as being negative, meaning that the lower the PS greater is the SSE. Results also show evidence of the relationship between SRI and SSE, meaning that adequate school resources have a positive influence on SSE. Further, the mediating effect of PS on SSE and SRI was also tested and established. The findings of this study are important for school administrators and regulators in understanding the relationship between school resources, SSE, and the mediating influence of PS. This study establishes the relationship between SRI and PS, SRI and SSE, PS, and SSE. The research is also unique as it establishes the mediating influence of PS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parabens, esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, have so far been "safely" used in our daily life as a preservative in most of the commercial products including cosmetics. It is the relatively inert, non-reactive, odorless nature and easy miscibility with the majority of the products that make it a suitable choice as preservative. However, recent studies have explored the dark side of the uses of this compound, as a potential environmental hazard due to its impact on humans as endocrine disruptor and carcinogen. In current study in-silico interactions between one such most extensively used Paraben, methyl Paraben (MP) and Porcine liver esterase were explored. Based on docking studies and binding energies of substrate (ethyl butyrate) and MP, it can be proposed that Porcine liver esterase can be a potential enzyme for MP hydrolysis. Also, the titrimetric method for esterase assay was also performed. The kinetic parameters, analysed using Line WeaverBurk's plot showed Km and Vmax to be 0.08 mM and 400 U/ml, respectively. The studies proposed that MP can be a potential substrate for hydrolysis by Porcine liver esterase, at pH 8.0 and 25 ºC. The study will open the avenue of using enzymes for designing analytical tools for detection of Paraben. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]