743 results on '"University of West London"'
Search Results
2. Modelling Oil Pipelines Grid: Neuro-fuzzy Supervision System
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Saeed, Nagham, Maysam, Abboad, University of West London, and Brunel University
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Control and Optimization ,Neuro-fuzzy ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,Electrical-and-electronic-engineering ,Control (management) ,Process (computing) ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,Grid ,Pipeline (software) ,Computer Science Applications ,Simulation software ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Pipeline transport ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Artificial Intelligence ,Modeling and Simulation ,Control system ,Signal Processing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Data mining ,computer - Abstract
One of the major challenges for researchers and governments across the world is reducing resources-waste or loss. Resources loss can happen if there is not a capable control system that contributes to environmental change. The specific aim is to create user-friendly control and monitoring system to reduce the waste in resources. New Artificial intelligence techniques have been introduced to play an important part in developing such systems.\ud In oilfields, the oil is extracted then distributed via oil pipes until it reaches the end consumer. This operation will occur without a full and complete monitoring for the oil in the pipeline’s journey to the provider. Although, the existing oilfield monitoring systems can communicate locally but they will not send information back to the main provider. That means the provider is not aware of the whole circumstances happened in the transportation process. That gives the provider no control on the process. For example, a sudden decision from the main provider to stop transporting to a specific destination or knowing where the leakage is and which pipe is leaking in the pipelines grid.\ud This paper, introduces for the first-time oilfield pipeline Neuro-fuzzy (NF) supervision system using Simscape simulation software package. This system can be the first step solution to keep real time communication between the main provider and the oil transportation process in the oilfields and enables the provider to have full supervision on the oil pipes grid. The simulation supervision system illustrates a clear real-time oilfield pipeline grid that gives the provider the ability to control and monitor pipeline grid and prioritise the recovering process. The two parameters selected for control and monitoring were volume and pressure. The results in this paper show full control for the NF supervision system on the transportation process.
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- 2017
3. Threat Analysis of Software Agents in Online Banking and Payments
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Ngalo, Tamsanqa, Xiao, Hannan, Christianson, Bruce, Zhang, Ying, University of Hertfordshire, and University of West London
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computer_science ,business.industry ,End user ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Internet privacy ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Information security ,Service provider ,Cyber-security ,Payment ,Authentication (law) ,Software agent ,Server ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Confidentiality ,business ,Information-security ,media_common - Abstract
Software agents are the delegated subcontractors essential to connect the end-user to the bank and payment providers in a distributed service offering. This paper evaluates the key role that the different software agent types play to facilitate collaboration between clients and banks to perform online transactions. It highlights the threats and imminent risks that these software agents introduce in the chain as well as how these threats affect the trust relationship between principals. The discussed threats and resulting risks suggest vulnerabilities in the current software agent model which are beyond the bank and end user's control. Both principals, the client and the service provider, are open to potential legal, security, quality of service, confidentiality and privacy compromises which influence the overarching trust relationship. There is resounding literature to illustrate advances that have been made to address the exposed challenges. However, a gap of misfortune remains where the software agent can act on its own accord exposing the contracting principals to internal and externally engineered threats thus tainting the trust relationship between these parties.
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- 2018
4. Substance misuse assessment in mental health services: the importance of professional curiosity
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Milani, Raffaella Margherita and University of West London
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Mentalhealth ,Counselling-and-psychotherapy ,Substance-abuse/misuse - Abstract
Co-morbidity of mental health and substance misuse problems (or "Dual Diagnosis") is highly prevalent in mental health and drug treatment services. The parallel approach, where the two conditions are treated at the same time in separate services, is the current accepted response to Dual Diagnosis. Joint working and continuity of care cannot be achieved without a consistent quality drug and alcohol assessment in mental health services. This editorial argues that that professional curiosity plays an important role in substance misuse assessment, especially when is carried out outside specialist drug and alcohol services.
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- 2017
5. Modelling and Analysis of TCP Performance in Wireless\ud Multihop Networks
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Xiao, Hannan, Zhang, Ying, Malcolm, James, Christianson, Bruce, Kee Chaing, Chua, University of Hertfordshire, University of West London, and National University of Singapore
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Computer Science::Performance ,computer_science ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture ,Systems ,Computer Science::Operating Systems ,Computer-networking - Abstract
Researchers have used extensive simulation and experimental studies to understand TCP performance in wireless multihop networks. In contrast, the objective of this paper is to theoretically analyze TCP performance in this environment. By examining the case of running one TCP session over a string topology, a system model for analyzing TCP performance in multihop wireless networks is proposed, which considers packet buffering, contention of nodes for access to the wireless channel, and spatial reuse of the wireless channel. Markov chain modelling is applied to analyze this system model. Analytical results show that when the number of hops that the TCP session crosses is fixed, the TCP throughput is independent of the TCP congestion window size. When the number of hops increases from one, the TCP throughput decreases first, and then stabilizes when the number of hops becomes large. The analysis is validated by comparing the numerical and simulation results
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- 2010
6. A purchase protocol with multichannel authentication
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Xiao, Hannan, Christianson, Bruce, Zhang, Ying, University of Hertfordshire, and University of West London
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computer_science ,Cyber-security ,Information-security - Abstract
While online shopping are becoming more accepted by people in modern life, cardholders are more concerned about card fraud and the lack of cardholder authentication in the current online credit card payment. This paper proposes a purchase protocol with live cardholder authentication for online transactions which combines telephone banking and online banking together. The order information and payment information are sent though the Internet and encrypted by asymmetric key encryption. The cardholder is authenticated by the card issuing bank ringing back at the customer’s phone number and the cardholder inputting the secure PIN and the amount to pay. The multichannel authentication makes the cardholder feel secure and card fraud difficult. Furthermore, the protocol does not require the cardholder to obtain public key certificates or install additional software for online transactions.
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- 2009
7. Hierarchical Trustworthy Authentication for Pervasive Computing
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Xiao, Hannan, Malcolm, James A., Christianson, Bruce, Zhang, Ying, University of Hertfordshire, and University of West London
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Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol ,Authentication ,computer_science ,Computer science ,Email authentication ,Cyber-security ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,Chip Authentication Program ,Trustworthy computing ,Authentication protocol ,Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol ,Challenge–response authentication ,Information-security ,computer - Abstract
Conventional entity authentication is not enough to build a secure pervasive computing environment. Being sure that you are talking to the expected entity does not guarantee it is going to do what you expect him to do, and only that. This paper introduces a concept of “trustworthy authentication” in pervasive computing which is defined as entity authentication accompanied by an assurance of trustworthy behaviour of the authenticated entity. It discusses how to provide trustworthy authentication in pervasive computing using the example of a roaming customer wishing to print his email on a public printer. A two-level hierarchical trustworthy authentication scheme is proposed where local and higher-level authorization servers issue trustworthiness certificates after receiving trustworthiness records from the printer, signed by its users. The proposed scheme may be generalized for trustworthy authentication of security devices such as firewalls.
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- 2007
8. A walk-through system for building acoustics evaluation based on virtual environment technology
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Zhang, Ying, Fernando, Terrence, University of West London, and University of Salford
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Schedule ,Engineering drawing ,computer_science ,Computer science ,Intelligent decision support system ,Virtual reality ,computer.software_genre ,Visualization ,Acoustic space ,Intelligent-systems ,Architectural acoustics ,Virtual machine ,Computing-interaction-design ,Representation (mathematics) ,computer ,Simulation - Abstract
Virtual Reality technology, especially visualization and auralization, provides a useful method to interactively implement the subjective analysis and evaluation of acoustic properties prior to the actual construction of a building. This paper presents a Virtual Environment-based walk-through system for interactive acoustic evaluation of buildings within a CAVE environment. It describes the architecture of the system, the system components, schedule algorithm, synchronous integration of acoustic simulation and visualization. The trade-off algorithm of the real time simplified acoustic space simulation by B-format soundfield representation, non real time detailed acoustic space simulation and the comparison between them are also mentioned. Some cases such as airport, cinema, boardroom, underground station and classroom are studied in the two simulation methods respectively. The potential applications of this system are presented as well.
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- 2002
9. DMD-based autostereoscopic display system for 3D interaction
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Zhang, Ying, Travis, Adrian R L, University of West London, and University of Cambridge
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3D interaction ,computer_science ,Computer science ,business.industry ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Stereoscopy ,Frame rate ,Grayscale ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS ,law.invention ,Projector ,Computing-interaction-design ,law ,Autostereoscopy ,Shutter ,Computer graphics (images) ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS - Abstract
A novel approach to implement the multiview autostereoscopic display system is presented. This implementation brings together a high frame rate digital micro-mirror device (DMD) projector, an active shutter, and an optical wedge. It facilitates the modulation of the DMD to achieve extra high frame rate with a trade-off in greyscale resolution. The results have the great potential for commercialising the autostereoscopic display system.
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- 2008
10. The realities of implementing a socio-emotional intervention in schools
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Ohl, Maddie, Hughes, Bronach, Fox, Pauline, and University of West London
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psychology - Abstract
Presented at the British Psychological Society's annual conference for the Children, Young People and Families Division in October 2015, this presentation looks at how the Pyramid model of early intervention is implemented in schools across the UK. It discusses the benefits and the challenges in ensuring implementation fidelity when working in a diverse range of primary and secondary schools.
11. Online active teaching approach for problem-based module
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Saeed, Nagham and University of West London
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HE-pedagogies ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Higher-education ,Technology-enhanced-learning - Abstract
The sudden shift from traditional to e-learning education has encouraged researchers to evaluate and review the available active teaching and learning models to propose and create an active online teaching and learning methods. It is surprising to find that there is little research done on Electrical and Electronic Engineering students to evaluate their engagement with these methods. Therefore, this research covers strategies used with Electrical and Electronic Engineering foundation students to develop an active online teaching and learning. The research also addresses the learning support given through the pandemic period to keep students thoughtfully engaged and motivated while enabling a safe, non-judgmental environment where views and perspectives are encouraged. The teaching model used for Applied Engineering Project (AEP) module merged the problem-based learning model with the just-in-time teaching model (or flipped classroom). The problem-based learning model was the most appropriate learning model to deliver the APE module’s learning outcomes. Whereas the strategy of using the just-in-time teaching model shifted the focus of teaching from knowledge transmission to knowledge structuring by students and encourage the use of tasks. The teaching approach includes group discussion, teacher’s explanation, previous students’ exemplars , peer assessment and one-to-one sessions. The delivery was supported by the university e-learning platform (Blackboard Ultra, AppsAnywhere, etc.). Near the end of the module, a students’ questionnaire was taken. The results were constructive and promising as the students’ input will enable me to enhance the tools used for more active learning approaches. I have found the benefits of active T &L strategies in student learning in terms of student engagement, ownership of learning, and development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills easily outweigh the additional effort required, and are clearly relative to traditional, passive approaches to teaching.
12. Student engagement in online delivery of mathematics and statistics modules
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Thomas, Madsen and University of West London
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Statistics ,Mathematics ,Education - Abstract
As for many other disciplines, the abrupt move to online teaching a bit over a year ago forced us to rethink student engagement in our mathematics and statistics modules beyond the traditional whiteboard.\ud \ud Whilst challenging, this has also been a unique opportunity for us to test tools and ideas that have been available for some time but were, perhaps, not considered seriously pre Covid.\ud \ud In this presentation, I will discuss some practical tools and techniques that have been used over the past year to engage our students in the online learning environment. This includes the use of different types of quizzes, tablets, and online forums.\ud \ud In addition to reporting on my own experience of advantages, disadvantages, scopes, and limitations, I will make some suggestions for future developments. In particular, I will be contemplating how the past year’s experiences can be used to enhance student engagement in mathematics and statistics learning once we return to face-to-face teaching.
13. Large shape staggering in neutron-deficient Bi isotopes
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A.V. Oleynichenko, Julian C. Berengut, Mark Bissell, Jean-Pierre Dognon, K. Chrysalidis, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, V. N. Fedosseev, B. Andel, Sacha Schiffmann, V. Panteleev, C. Raison, B. A. Marsh, C. Seiffert, G. J. Farooq-Smith, Magdalena Elantkowska, D. V. Fedorov, J. Karls, Thomas Elias Cocolios, Ephraim Eliav, Andréi Zaitsevskii, Sebastian Rothe, M. D. Seliverstov, Dominik Studer, M. Huyse, M. Al Monthery, Kara Marie Lynch, P. Mosat, K. Rezynkina, P. Van Duppen, P. Molkanov, L. V. Skripnikov, M. L. Reitsma, Ralf Erik Rossel, A. Barzakh, M. Stryjczyk, S. Péru, S. Sels, S. Hilaire, C. Granados, R. D. Harding, P. Larmonier, R. Heinke, J. G. Li (李冀光), S. Goriely, Anastasia Borschevsky, L. P. Gaffney, Jacek Bieron, Andrei Andreyev, T. Day Goodacre, Jarosław Ruczkowski, Michel Godefroid, M. Verlinde, Sebastian Wilman, S. Antalic, D. E. Maison, J. G. Cubiss, Pekka Pyykkö, National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute': Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom, Advanced Science Research Center and Nuclear Science Research Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica (K.U. LEUVEN), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Laboratoire Matière sous Conditions Extrêmes (LMCE), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique [Bruxelles] (IAA), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University in Bratislava, School of Physics, University of New South Wales [Canberra Campus] (UNSW), Instytut Fizyki Teoretycznej, Uniwersytet Warszawski, School of Physics and Astronomy [Manchester], University of Manchester [Manchester], Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen [Groningen], European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Institut für Physik Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), TRIUMF [Vancouver], Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique (LCF) (LSDRM), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Poznan University of Technology (PUT), School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], School of Computing and Engineering [London] (https://www.uwl.ac.uk/academic-schools/computing), University of West London, Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (SQUARES), CERC - Centre d'Études et de Recherches Comparatistes - EA 172 (CERC), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Department of Physics [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics [Beijing] (IAPCM), China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU), Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Department of Chemistry [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, University of Jyväskylä (JYU), National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11874090, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (F. R. S.-FNRS) and the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek-Vlaanderen (FWO) under the EOS Project No. O022818F, by GOA/2015/010 (BOF KU Leuven), U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council, Slovak Research and Development Agency (Contract No. APVV-18-0268), the Slovak grant agency VEGA (Contract No. 1/0651/21), RFBR according to the research projects N 19-02-00005 and N 20-32-70177, the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 19-72-10019), The foundation for the advancement of theoretical physics and mathematics 'BASIS' grant according to Projects No. 21-1-2-47-1 and No. 20-1-5-76-1, European Project: 771036,MAIDEN, European Project: 654002,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,ENSAR2(2016), Comenius University in Bratislava, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Precision Frontier, and Department of Chemistry
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Physics ,Magnetic moment ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,116 Chemical sciences ,General Physics and Astronomy ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Physique atomique et nucléaire ,[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry ,Charge radius ,Neutron number ,0103 physical sciences ,Quadrupole ,Nuclear Physics - Experiment ,Neutron ,Atomic physics ,010306 general physics ,Spin (physics) ,Ground state ,Magnetic dipole - Abstract
The changes in the mean-square charge radius (relative to 209Bi), magnetic dipole, and electric quadrupole moments of 187,188,189,191Bi were measured using the in-source resonance-ionization spectroscopy technique at ISOLDE (CERN). A large staggering in radii was found in 187,188,189Big, manifested by a sharp radius increase for the ground state of 188Bi relative to the neighboring 187,189Big. A large isomer shift was also observed for 188Bim. Both effects happen at the same neutron number, N=105, where the shape staggering and a similar isomer shift were observed in the mercury isotopes. Experimental results are reproduced by mean-field calculations where the ground or isomeric states were identified by the blocked quasiparticle configuration compatible with the observed spin, parity, and magnetic moment. ispartof: Physical Review Letters vol:127 issue:9 ispartof: location:United States status: published
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- 2021
14. Proposed System for a Socio-technical Design Framework for Improved User Collaborations with Automation Technologies
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Jose Abdelnour-Nocera, Torkil Clemmensen, Parisa Saadati, University of West London, Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute (M-ITI), Copenhagen Business School [Copenhagen] (CBS), José Abdelnour Nocera, Antigoni Parmaxi, Marco Winckler, Fernando Loizides, Carmelo Ardito, Ganesh Bhutkar, Peter Dannenmann, and TC 13
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Design framework ,Sociotechnical ,Sociotechnical system ,Industry 4.0 ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,05 social sciences ,0507 social and economic geography ,Interaction design ,Augmentation ,Automation ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Work (electrical) ,Robot ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Human work interaction design ,business ,050703 geography ,050107 human factors - Abstract
Part 2: User Experiences and Wellbeing at Work (UX@Work); International audience; To improve human performance, interactive technologies are going towards more automated systems that involve computers, robots and cyber-physical systems into the decision-making process. While automation can lead to increased performance and reduced impact of human errors, interactive technologies without optimal design can have a negative impact on the experience of operators and end-users, leading to suboptimal performance of the automated systems. In this research, we aim to evaluate and refine Human Work Interaction Design (HWID) framework to be applicable in various highly-automated settings including Industry 4.0 environments. This will be performed via a thorough literature review as the first step. The list of identified factors playing a potential role in various interactive systems will then be evaluated and optimised in three case studies. We will try to understand how to maximise collaborations between the users and the machine in interactive systems. A practical approach for evaluating both employees’ and end-users’ perspectives in three scenarios with different levels of automation will be assessed. We will evaluate the outputs in multiple levels of organisations, employees and end-users. The ultimate output of the study will be a framework or model that will help in designing future research studies for various automation scenarios, especially semi-autonomous systems that involve high levels of interaction between users and the machine. We will provide guidelines for implementation of the proposed framework in different scenarios. We expect that the framework output of this research will provide a comprehensive guideline applicable to many Industry 4.0 technologies.
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- 2020
15. Beyond Interactions: INTERACT 2019 IFIP TC 13 Workshops 2019, Revised Selected Papers
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Abdelnour Nocera, José, Parmaxi, Antigoni, Winckler, Marco, Loizides, Fernando, Ardito, Carmelo, Bhutkar, Ganesh, Dannenmann, Peter, University of West London, Cyprus University of Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Web-Instrumented Man-Machine Interactions, Communities and Semantics (WIMMICS), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Interactive Critical Systems (IRIT-ICS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Cardiff University, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Vishwakarma Institute of Technology [Pune] (VIT), RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, IFIP : International Federation for Information Processing, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA)
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[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2020
16. Human Factors Approaches and Models in LOC-I Accident Analysis and Prevention: Flight Crew Resource Management Techniques as a Risk Mitigation Tool
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Benjamin L. Hari, Moritz Hanusch, Ivan Sikora, City University London (UNITED KINGDOM), and University of West London - UWL (UNITED KINGDOM)
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Teamwork ,business.industry ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Risk-and-reputation-management ,Crew ,Neurosciences ,Aircraft Accident ,Crew resource management ,Accident analysis ,Automation ,Cockpit ,Corporate-governance ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Training ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,business ,Risk management ,General Environmental Science ,media_common - Abstract
Increased cockpit automation on modern jet aircraft aim to reduce the risk of Undesired Aircraft State (UAS) instances such as Loss of Control in Flight (LOC-I). Although LOCI globally accounts for only 9% of all analysed accidents IATA has reported that it was responsible for 58% of all accident fatalities in 2017. The focus of this paper is to answer whether Threat and Error Management and Crew Resources Management (CRM) techniques are an efficient risk management tool when facing a LOC-I threat. Three LOCI final aircraft accident reports were analysed to understand the structure of Human Factors (HF) during these flights. Methods from the HF field such as the Generic Error Modelling System (GEMS) and Skill-, Rule- and Knowledge-based (SRK) error approach provided invaluable insights to identify potential findings. A holistic investigation of cognitive structures in flight path management helped to visualise latent conditions and cognitively demanding tasks during LOC-I in routine operations. Bearing in mind the limited number of cases considered in this paper it should be considered as an overview in LOC-I accident analysis. It shows that leadership and teamwork, as essential aspects of CRM training, can serve as key strategies to mitigate HF problems and LOC-I risks.
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- 2020
17. Mapping the caribbean scientific collaboration.: Can mobility of researchers help?
- Author
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Palacios-Callender, M., Jáuregui-Haza, Ulises, Almira-Suarez, E.L., Mitchison, M., Cristobal Liz, R., Marcet-Garcia, E., Roberts, S.A., King‘s College London, Academic Studies. Caribbean Applied Science and Technology (ASCAST), Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC [República Dominicana]), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), and University of West London
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[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Caribbean communities were mobile long before European colonization and their modes of production and culture were evolving by frequent exchanges among the Caribbean islanders and the Northern coast of South America. However, the region has not fully benefited by the advent of the five Technological Revolutions since 1771. Moreover, in the last two decades of the XX century, the Caribbean Small Islands Developing States (SIDS) were severely affected by the migration of their tertiary educated population towards the developed world, a trend that continues today.Bibliometric approaches have been used to identify not only the brain drain, but also how the contemporary knowledge is created through the international network of scientific collaboration. In this study we use the Scopus bibliographic database to analyse the scientific output and international collaboration of the 13 Caribbean SIDS in the period between 2000 and 2018. The main scientific collaborator of the region as a country is United States, except for Cuba, which is Spain. Consequently, North America, Europe and the Caribbean islands share the higher proportion of co-authoring articles. In terms of institutional representation, the University of West Indies has, in aggregate, the highest output with 11,497 documents from 11 out of 13 SIDS. The main contributor as a country is Jamaica (5018), followed by Trinidad and Tobago. A group of high output academic institutions are University of Havana (4979), followed by Universidad Central de Las Villas, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri and the Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, all of them in Cuba and with no significant collaboration with the rest of the region.In previous bibliometric studies we found that the scientists working abroad has the potential to become agents for development of the home country and region, diversifying the scientific collaboration.
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- 2019
18. Mapping the caribbean scientific collaboration
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Palacios-Callender, M., Jáuregui-Haza, Ulises, Almira-Suarez, E.L., Mitchison, M., Cristobal Liz, R., Marcet-Garcia, E., Roberts, S.A., FALCO, Eliane, King‘s College London, Academic Studies. Caribbean Applied Science and Technology (ASCAST), Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC [República Dominicana]), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), and University of West London
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[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,[SHS.HISPHILSO] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Caribbean communities were mobile long before European colonization and their modes of production and culture were evolving by frequent exchanges among the Caribbean islanders and the Northern coast of South America. However, the region has not fully benefited by the advent of the five Technological Revolutions since 1771. Moreover, in the last two decades of the XX century, the Caribbean Small Islands Developing States (SIDS) were severely affected by the migration of their tertiary educated population towards the developed world, a trend that continues today.Bibliometric approaches have been used to identify not only the brain drain, but also how the contemporary knowledge is created through the international network of scientific collaboration. In this study we use the Scopus bibliographic database to analyse the scientific output and international collaboration of the 13 Caribbean SIDS in the period between 2000 and 2018. The main scientific collaborator of the region as a country is United States, except for Cuba, which is Spain. Consequently, North America, Europe and the Caribbean islands share the higher proportion of co-authoring articles. In terms of institutional representation, the University of West Indies has, in aggregate, the highest output with 11,497 documents from 11 out of 13 SIDS. The main contributor as a country is Jamaica (5018), followed by Trinidad and Tobago. A group of high output academic institutions are University of Havana (4979), followed by Universidad Central de Las Villas, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri and the Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, all of them in Cuba and with no significant collaboration with the rest of the region.In previous bibliometric studies we found that the scientists working abroad has the potential to become agents for development of the home country and region, diversifying the scientific collaboration.
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- 2019
19. Human Work Interaction Design. Designing Engaging Automation: 5th IFIP WG 13.6 Working Conference, HWID 2018, Espoo, Finland, August 20 - 21, 2018, Revised Selected Papers
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Barricelli, Barbara Rita, Roto, Virpi, Clemmensen, Torkil, Campos, Pedro, Lopes, Arminda, Gonçalves, Frederica, Abdelnour-Nocera, José, University of Milan, Aalto University, Copenhagen Business School [Copenhagen] (CBS), Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute [Funchal], University of Madeira [Funchal], University of West London, TC 13, and WG 13.6
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[INFO]Computer Science [cs] - Abstract
International audience; Book Front Matter of AICT 544
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- 2019
20. User Experience in an Automated World
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Virpi Roto, José Abdelnour Nocera, Torkil Clemmensen, Pedro Campos, Philippe Palanque, Lamas, David, Loizides, Fernando, Nacke, Lennart, Petrie, Helen, Winckler, Marco, Zaphiris, Panayiotis, Université Paul Sabatier, University of Madeira, University of West London, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Design, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Madeira [Funchal], Copenhagen Business School [Copenhagen] (CBS), David Lamas, Fernando Loizides, Lennart Nacke, Helen Petrie, Marco Winckler, Panayiotis Zaphiris, and TC 13
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Engagement ,Work ,Interaction design ,business.industry ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,02 engineering and technology ,Automation ,World Wide Web ,Entertainment ,User Experience ,User experience design ,Software deployment ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Meaning (existential) ,business ,050107 human factors - Abstract
Part 11: Panels; International audience; The aim of this panel is to raise awareness and to foster discussions around the notions of Automation and User Experience and their interplay in the design, development, evaluation and deployment of interactive systems. User Experience is taken in its broad meaning as defined in the white paper of https://www.allaboutux.org/ [11]. As for automation we consider here its wide perspective as proposed in [4] – The Seven Deadly Myths of “Autonomous Systems”. In a time where there is strong push towards more and more automation in our daily life, the panel will question the impact of such trend on users’ experiences in multiple contexts such as work, entertainment, learning, as well as question other important emerging issues such as ethics, engagement and automation rationale.
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- 2019
21. Human Work Interaction Design. Designing Engaging Automation
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Frederica Gonçalves, Torkil Clemmensen, Pedro Campos, Barbara Rita Barricelli, Arminda Lopes, Virpi Roto, Jose Abdelnour-Nocera, University of Milan, Aalto University, Copenhagen Business School [Copenhagen] (CBS), Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute [Funchal], University of Madeira [Funchal], University of West London, TC 13, and WG 13.6
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Engineering ,business.industry ,02 engineering and technology ,Interaction design ,01 natural sciences ,Automation ,Engineering management ,Work (electrical) ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,business ,010301 acoustics - Abstract
International audience; Book Front Matter of AICT 544
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- 2019
22. User Experiences and Wellbeing at Work
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Ganesh Bhutkar, Barbara Rita Barricelli, Virpi Roto, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, Jose Abdelnour-Nocera, Torkil Clemmensen, Pedro Campos, Arminda Lopes, Frederica Gonçalves, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology [Pune] (VIT), Aalto University, Copenhagen Business School [Copenhagen] (CBS), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), University of West London, University of Salzburg, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute (M-ITI), David Lamas, Fernando Loizides, Lennart Nacke, Helen Petrie, Marco Winckler, Panayiotis Zaphiris, TC 13, Lamas, David, Loizides, Fernando, Nacke, Lennart, Petrie, Helen, Winckler, Marco, Zaphiris, Panayiotis, University of Pune, Department of Design, Copenhagen Business School, University of Milan, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, ITI LARSyS, and Aalto-yliopisto
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Work motivation ,User experience ,Employee wellbeing ,UX at work ,Work analysis ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Multitude ,02 engineering and technology ,Public relations ,Work (electrical) ,User experience design ,020204 information systems ,8. Economic growth ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,050211 marketing ,Job satisfaction ,business ,Psychology - Abstract
Part 12: Workshops; International audience; As digitalization pervades diverse types of workplaces, an increasing part of employees’ work is with interactive technologies. Therefore, user experience of the technologies at work has an important influence to the job satisfaction, work motivation, and employee wellbeing. However, previous research on these topics rarely considers the digitalized work processes and the tools used at work. This workshop invites experts studying work with digital technologies to discuss the impact of these kind of tools on employee wellbeing. The UX@Work workshop aims to build a research agenda for tackling a multitude of overlooked research topics in this area.
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- 2019
23. Norm-Based Approach to Incorporate Human Factors into Clinical Pathway: Reducing Human Error and Improving Patient Safety
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Yu-Chun Pan, Vaughan Michell, Jasmine Tehrani, University of Bedfordshire, University of Reading (UOR), University of West London, Kecheng Liu, Keiichi Nakata, Weizi Li, Cecilia Baranauskas, TC 8, and WG 8.1
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Information management ,Computer science ,[SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences ,Human error ,Organizational semiotics ,Information system ,03 medical and health sciences ,Patient safety ,0302 clinical medicine ,Clinical pathway ,Clinical pathways ,0502 economics and business ,Health care ,Process modelling ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Organisational semiotics ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Workflow ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Norm analysis ,business ,Human factors ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Part 1: Organisational Semiotics: Theory and Application; International audience; Patient safety and accidental harm or iatrogenic errors are increasingly important healthcare issues resulting in high costs and mortality. The way clinical workflow and actions are communicated can impact patient safety. Although much work has been done to identify the individual human factors and recommendations are made to control and reduce human factor errors, little work has been done to provide a structured methodology to analyse and control human factor influencing patient safety outcomes. In this paper, we build on the previous work on automatic development of clinical pathways, semiotic approach to modelling norm-base clinical pathways and propose a Human Factor Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (HFMA) which offers a systematic approach to define, design and incorporation of human factors into formal design of clinical pathways. Organisational semiotics methods specifically NAM and SAM are applied to identify and analyse controls to reduce the adverse impact of human factors in healthcare settings. This is achieved through modelling and integration of human factors into clinical pathways. This will result in more rigorous control the care process ensuring completeness, consistency and patient safety by enabling the mapping of formal and informal/safety controls into clinical pathways.
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- 2018
24. Norm-Based Abduction Process (NAP) in Developing Information Architecture
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Chekfoung Tan, Sara Abdaless, Kecheng Liu, School of Computing and Engineering [London] (https://www.uwl.ac.uk/academic-schools/computing), University of West London, School of Business [London], London South Bank University (LSBU), Informatics Research Centre (IRC), University of Reading (UOR), Kecheng Liu, Keiichi Nakata, Weizi Li, Cecilia Baranauskas, TC 8, and WG 8.1
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Information management ,Organisational semiotics ,Information-management ,Knowledge management ,Logical reasoning ,business.industry ,Computer science ,[SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences ,Information architecture ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Proposition ,02 engineering and technology ,16. Peace & justice ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Abduction ,Norm (social) ,business ,021106 design practice & management - Abstract
Part 1: Organisational Semiotics: Theory and Application; International audience; Abduction is a logical reasoning process that allows the discovery and creation of new knowledge. However, the function of knowledge is not explicitly developed in the existing research on abduction. Developing information architecture is a scientific inquiry in a practical context as it engages multiple stakeholders. However, the current research in information architecture does not appear to be underpinned by sound theoretical foundations. This paper proposes a norm-based abduction process (NAP) where norms are seen as knowledge in developing information architecture. A case study of a UK hospital is used for illustration purposes. The key contribution of this paper is to incorporate norms in the existing abduction process, to assert abduction as the foundation of a logical reasoning process and to derive a theoretical proposition for information architecture.
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- 2018
25. Designing gold extraction processes
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Rintala, Lotta, Leikola, Maria, Sauer, Christian, Aromaa, Jari, Roth-Berghofer, Thomas, Forsén, Olof, Lundström, Mari, Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of West London, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
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Knowledge modelling ,Flowsheet recommendation ,Process design ,Decision support system - Abstract
This paper presents a method for externalising and formalising knowledge involving the selection of hydrometallurgical process flowsheets for gold extraction from ores. A case-based reasoning (CBR) system was built using an open source software myCBR 3.0. The aim of the systems is to recommend flowsheet alternatives for processing a potential gold ore deposit. Nine attributes: Ore type, Gold ore grade, Gold distribution, Gold grain size, Sulfide present, Arsenic sulfide, Copper sulfide, Iron sulfide and Clay present were modelled and several literature sources of actual gold mines and processes were used for acquiring cases for the system. After preliminary testing, functional evaluation of the built CBR system was carried out by using five real mining projects as test cases. Additionally, human experts in the field of gold hydrometallurgy were interviewed to demonstrate the benefits of the CBR system as it holds no human biases towards any processing techniques. It was found that the suggestions of the CBR system provided useful information and direction for further process design and performed well compared to the interviewed human experts, thus confirming that the system is of practical relevance to the process engineer designing an industrial gold processing plant. The current model was found to be a functioning basis for further development through additional attributes, adjusted attribute weighting and increased number of cases.
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- 2017
26. 'Facecook', design and rool-out of a community based social network to promote healthy eating practices amongst low income population'
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Bibai, Jacques, Darcel, Nicolas, Dugre, Manon, Ollivier, Julien, REGNIER, Faustine, Robin, Manon, Nut Cracker, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Alimentation et sciences sociales (ALISS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Fondation Agir Contre l'Exclusion (FACE), University of West London. GBR., Agroparitech UMR 914, Chaire ANCA, and Fondation Agir Contre l'Exclusion
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[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] - Abstract
“Facecook”, design and rool-out of a community based social network to promote healthy eating practices amongst low income population”. 2nd Cook and Health Symposium
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- 2017
27. Influence of food preparation behaviours on 5-year weight gain and obesity risk in French adults
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Méjean, Caroline, Si Hassen, Wendy, LAMPURE, Aurélie, Gojard, Séverine, Ducrot, Pauline, Péneau, Sandrine, Hercberg, Serge, Castetbon, Katia, Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre Maurice Halbwachs (CMH), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Ecole de Santé publique, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of West London. GBR., and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,food preparation ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,weight change ,cooking practices ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,diet ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,cooking skills - Abstract
International audience; Introduction and objectives: Frequent consumption of commercially-prepared meals appears to be associated with obesity. Such a relationship could also be observed between home cooking practices and obesity but it has not been documented so far. We investigated the prospective association between food preparation behaviours and 5-year weight gain and the onset of obesity after 5 years in adults. Method: We prospectively examine 5-year weight gain and the risk of obesity after 5 years in 3,629 men and 9,221 women aged ≥ 18 years participating in the NutriNet-Santé cohort study. Self-reported weight, height and cooking practices were collected at baseline and 5 years later. Food preparation behaviours were assessed at baseline using a web-based questionnaire. Cooking skills, preparation from scratch, i.e. use of raw or fresh ingredients that had no or minimal processing and kitchen equipment were assessed using a 0-10-point score and, frequency of meal preparation, enjoyment of cooking and willingness to cook better or more frequently were categorical variables. Associations between various dimensions of food preparation behaviours and 5 years weight gain and risk to be obese 5 years later were respectively assessed using analysis of covariance and logistic regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for age, household composition and socio-economic factors. Results: In both genders, associations of frequency of meal preparation, enjoyment of cooking and willingness to cook better or more frequently, cooking skills and kitchen equipment with 5-year weight gain or obesity risk were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In women, score of preparation from scratch was inversely associated with risk to be obese five years later (OR=0.92 (0.86; 0.98), P=0.03) and women with low score of preparation from scratch more gained weight over 5 years (mean weight gain=1.69 (0.14)) compared with those with the highest score (mean weigh gain=0.87 (0.11), P=0.04). Conclusion: Use of raw or fresh ingredients that had no or minimal processing was related to lower risks of obesity and weight gain in women. Such complex relationships should be taken into account to effectively target public health efforts in obesity prevention.
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- 2017
28. Human work interaction design meets international development
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Campos, P., Clemmensen, T., Barricelli, B. R., Jose Abdelnour Nocera, Lopes, A., Gonçalves, F., Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute (M-ITI), University of Madeira [Funchal], Copenhagen Business School [Copenhagen] (CBS), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), University of West London, Regina Bernhaupt, Girish Dalvi, Anirudha Joshi, Devanuj K. Balkrishan, Jacki O’Neill, Marco Winckler, and TC 13
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International development ,User experience ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Human work interaction design ,Smart workplaces - Abstract
Part 10: Workshops; International audience; Over the last decade, empirical relationships between work domain analysis and HCI design have been identified by much research in the field ofHuman Work Interaction Design (HWID) across five continents. Since this workshop takes place at the Interact Conference in Mumbai, there is a unique opportunity to observe technology-mediated innovative work practices in informal settings that may be related to the notion of International Development. In this unique context, this workshop proposes to analyze findings related to opportunities for design research in this type of work domains: a) human-centered design approaches for specific work domains (workplaces, smart workplaces); b) visions of new roles for workplaces that enhance both work practice and interaction design. In order to do this, participants engage with field trips, gather data and discuss their experience at the workshop on the following day.
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- 2017
29. Social disparities in food preparation behaviours: a DEDIPAC study
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Hans Brug, Nanna Lien, Séverine Gojard, Katia Castetbon, Caroline Méjean, Serge Hercberg, Pauline Ducrot, Aurélie Lampuré, Mary Nicolaou, Laura Terragni, Wendy Si Hassen, Michelle Holdsworth, Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs (UMR MOISA), Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM) - Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] (INRA Montpellier) - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro) - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Université Paris 13 - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Maurice Halbwachs (CMH), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU) - Normandie Université (NU) - École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) - École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo University College (OUC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Paris 13 (UP13), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Nutrition [Oslo], Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [Oslo], Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), APH - Methodology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Public and occupational health, Division 6, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of West London. GBR., ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Sciences sociales ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Persuasive Communication (ASCoR, FMG), and ASCoR (FMG)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Gerontology ,Male ,cooking skill ,Cross-sectional study ,Health Behavior ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Preparing meals ,Cohort Studies ,socioeconomic ,fluids and secretions ,Medicine ,Cooking ,lcsh:RC620-627 ,Meals ,Family Characteristics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,food preparation ,cuisine ,food and beverages ,cooking practice ,Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles ,Middle Aged ,humanities ,lcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,home cooking ,Alimentation et Nutrition ,Female ,France ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Diététique ,Cohort study ,Food preparation ,Adult ,Adolescent ,education ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Context (language use) ,kitchens ,White People ,03 medical and health sciences ,Socioeconomic ,Young Adult ,préparation culinaire ,analyse socio-économique ,parasitic diseases ,Humans ,Food and Nutrition ,Social inequality ,Socioeconomic status ,Nutrition ,Cooking Practices ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,business.industry ,Research ,[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Cooking skills ,Meal preparation ,business ,Cooking practices ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,Demography - Abstract
Background: The specific role of major socio-economic indicators in influencing food preparation behaviours could reveal distinct socio-economic patterns, thus enabling mechanisms to be understood that contribute to social inequalities in health. This study investigated whether there was an independent association of each socio-economic indicator (education, occupation, income) with food preparation behaviours. Methods: A total of 62,373 adults participating in the web-based NutriNet-Santé cohort study were included in our cross-sectional analyses. Cooking skills, preparation from scratch and kitchen equipment were assessed using a 0-10-point score; frequency of meal preparation, enjoyment of cooking and willingness to cook better/more frequently were categorical variables. Independent associations between socio-economic factors (education, income and occupation) and food preparation behaviours were assessed using analysis of covariance and logistic regression models stratified by sex. The models simultaneously included the three socio-economic indicators, adjusting for age, household composition and whether or not they were the main cook in the household. Results: Participants with the lowest education, the lowest income group and female manual and office workers spent more time preparing food daily than participants with the highest education, those with the highest income and managerial staff (P < 0.0001). The lowest educated individuals were more likely to be non-cooks than those with the highest education level (Women: OR = 3.36 (1.69;6.69); Men: OR = 1.83 (1.07;3.16)) while female manual and office workers and the never-employed were less likely to be non-cooks (OR = 0.52 (0.28;0.97); OR = 0.30 (0.11;0.77)). Female manual and office workers had lower scores of preparation from scratch and were less likely to want to cook more frequently than managerial staff (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001). Women belonging to the lowest income group had a lower score of kitchen equipment (P < 0.0001) and were less likely to enjoy cooking meal daily (OR = 0.68 (0.45;0.86)) than those with the highest income. Conclusion: Lowest socio-economic groups, particularly women, spend more time preparing food than high socioeconomic groups. However, female manual and office workers used less raw or fresh ingredients to prepare meals than managerial staff. In the unfavourable context in France with reduced time spent preparing meals over last decades, our findings showed socioeconomic disparities in food preparation behaviours in women, whereas few differences were observed in men., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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- 2017
30. Culture, Technology, Communication. Common World, Different Futures: 10th IFIP WG 13.8 International Conference, CaTaC 2016, London, UK, June 15-17, 2016, Revised Selected Papers
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Abdelnour-Nocera, José, Strano, Michele, Ess, Charles, Van der Velden, Maja, Hrachovec, Herbert, University of West London, Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute (M-ITI), Bridgewater State University, University of Oslo (UiO), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), TC 13, and WG 13.8
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[INFO]Computer Science [cs] - Abstract
International audience; Book Front Matter of AICT 490
- Published
- 2016
31. An Organisational Semiotics Perspective to Co-Design of Technology Enhanced Learning
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Yu-Chun Pan, Sanaa Askool, Aimee Jacobs, Indiana State University, University of West London, Dar Al-Hekma University, Maria Cecilia Calani Baranauskas, Kecheng Liu, Lily Sun, Vânia Paula de Almeida Neris, Rodrigo Bonacin, Keiichi Nakata, TC 8, and WG 8.1
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Co-design ,computer_science ,Knowledge management ,Higher education ,[SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Co-Design ,Learning and teaching ,Information system ,Information systems ,Business and Finance ,comms_and_culture ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Sociology ,Learning design ,021106 design practice & management ,Organisational semiotics ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,050301 education ,social ,business ,0503 education ,management ,Technology enhanced learning - Abstract
Part 5: Trends, Challenges and New Issues in Education, Health and eScience Systems; International audience; While Co-Design approaches have been used in designing technology enhanced learning (TEL) by different scholars, research is needed to understand the relationships between technologies, design and practice. This paper presents organisational semiotics (OS) as an approach for Co-Design of Technology Enhanced Learning. This perspective will provide an insight into the Co-Design of technology and learning in higher education.
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- 2016
32. Human Work Interaction Design (HWID): Design for Challenging Work Environments
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Manfred Tscheligi, Verena Fuchsberger, Frederica Gonçalves, Jose Abdelnour-Nocera, Martin Murer, Pedro Campos, Barbara Rita Barricelli, Universidade da Madeira (UMA), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), University of Salzburg, Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] (AIT), University of West London, and TC 13
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Research design ,Work (electrical) ,Computer science ,Human–computer interaction ,05 social sciences ,Control (management) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020207 software engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,02 engineering and technology ,Interaction design ,050107 human factors - Abstract
International audience; This one-day workshop aims to contribute to the goals of the IFIP 13.6 Human Work Interaction Design (HWID) working group, i.e., to establish relationships between empirical work-domain studies and recent developments in interaction design. This goal translates to the workshop by focusing on work environments that are challenging for research and design; from physically or spatially unusual workplaces (e.g., oil platforms), mentally demanding or specifically boring work (e.g., control rooms, academics) to challenging social situations at work (e.g., in hospitals). The workshop aims to discuss resulting constraints for research and design, e.g., restricted access for research, or difficulties in articulating the specifics of the workplaces to a wider audience that is not familiar with them. Some work environments may even impede forms of design research, e.g., critical or provocative design will be hard to carry out in safety- or efficiency-critical workplaces. Thus, ways to generate knowledge addressing the design of interactive artifacts for challenging workplaces will be discussed.
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- 2015
33. Human Work Interaction Design: Work Analysis and Interaction Design Methods for Pervasive and Smart Workplaces: 4th IFIP 13.6 Working Conference, HWID 2015, London, UK, June 25–26, 2015
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Abdelnour Nocera, José, Barricelli, Barbara Rita, Lopes, Arminda, Campos, Pedro, Clemmensen, Torkil, University of West London, Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute [Funchal], University of Madeira [Funchal], Copenhagen Business School, José Abdelnour Nocera, Barbara Rita Barricelli, Arminda Lopes, Pedro Campos, Torkil Clemmensen, TC 13, and WG 13.6
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[INFO]Computer Science [cs] - Abstract
International audience; Book Front Matter of AICT 468
- Published
- 2015
34. A community-based geological reconstruction of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum
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Bentley, Michael J., Ó Cofaigh, Colm, Anderson, John B., Conway, Howard, Davies, Bethan, Graham, Alastair G.C., Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, Hodgson, Dominic A., Jamieson, Stewart S.R., Larter, Robert, Mackintosh, Andrew N., Smith, James A., Verleyen, Elie, Ackert, Robert, Bart, Philip J., Berg, Sonja, Brunstein, Daniel, Canals, Miquel, Colhoun, Eric A., Crosta, Xavier, Dickens, William A., Domack, Eugene, Dowdeswell, Julia, Dunbar, Robert, Ehrmann, Werner, Evans, Jeffrey, Favier, Vincent, Fink, David, Fogwill, Christopher J., Glasser, Neil F., Gohl, Karsten, Golledge, Nicholas R., Goodwin, Ian, Gore, Damian B., Greenwood, Sarah L., Hall, Brenda L., Hall, Kevin, Hedding, David W., Hein, Andrew S., Hocking, Emma P., Jakobsson, Martin, Johnson, Joanne S., Jomelli, Vincent, Jones, R. Selwyn, Klages, Johann P., Kristoffersen, Yngve, Kuhn, Gerhard, Leventer, Amy, Licht, Kathy, Lilly, Katherine, Lindow, Julia, Livingstone, Stephen J., Massé, Guillaume, Mcglone, Matt S., Mckay, Robert, Melles, Martin, Miura, Hideki, Mulvaney, Robert, Nel, Werner, Nitsche, Frank O., O'Brien, Philip E., Post, Alexandra L., Roberts, Stephen J., Saunders, Krystyna M., Selkirk, Patricia M., Simms, Alexander R., Spiegel, Cornelia, Stolldorf, Travis D., Sugden, David E., van Der Putten, Nathalie, van Ommen, Tas, Verfaillie, Deborah, Vyverman, Wim, Wagner, Bernd, White, Duanne A., Witus, Alexandra E., Zwartz, Dan, Department of Geography, Durham University, School of Oceanography [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GRC Geociencies Marines, GRC, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), College of Marine Science [St Petersburg, FL], University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Stanford University, Centre for glaciology, Department of Geography and Earth Sciences (DGES), Aberystwyth University-Aberystwyth University, Department of biomedical sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, University of Calgary, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Institute for Biomechanics, Colgate University, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of integrative biology (Liverpool), University of Liverpool, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), NIFS, National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS), Gent University, Department of Biology, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], University of West London, Dpt Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie University, Division of Migratory Birds - Northeast Region, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Lund University [Lund], UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Geology and Geochemistry [Stockholm], Stockholm University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Earth and Climate
- Subjects
Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Kvartærgeologi, glasiologi: 465 [VDP] ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] ,Modelling ,Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Quaternary geology, glaciology: 465 [VDP] ,Quaternary ,HISTORY ,MASS-BALANCE ,COLLAPSE ,[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,Global and Planetary Change ,WEDDELL SEA EMBAYMENT ,CONSTRAINTS ,LEVEL CHANGE ,Geology ,RETREAT ,Antarctic Ice Sheet ,STREAM STABILITY ,Glacial geology ,ISOSTATIC-ADJUSTMENT ,[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology ,Earth and Environmental Sciences ,PENINSULA - Abstract
The Weddell Sea sector is one of the main formation sites for Antarctic Bottom Water and an outlet for about one fifth of Antarctica’s continental ice volume. Over the last few decades, studies on glacialegeological records in this sector have provided conflicting reconstructions of changes in ice-sheet extent and ice-sheet thickness since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM at ca 23e19 calibrated kiloyears before present, cal ka BP). Terrestrial geomorphological records and exposure ages obtained from rocks in the hinterland of the Weddell Sea, ice-sheet thickness constraints from ice cores and some radiocarbon dates on offshore sediments were interpreted to indicate no significant ice thickening and locally restricted grounding-line advance at the LGM. Other marine geological and geophysical studies concluded that subglacial bedforms mapped on theWeddell Sea continental shelf, subglacial deposits and sediments over-compacted by overriding ice recovered in cores, and the few available radiocarbon ages from marine sediments are consistent with major ice-sheet advance at the LGM. Reflecting the geological interpretations, different icesheet models have reconstructed conflicting LGM ice-sheet configurations for the Weddell Sea sector. Consequently, the estimated contributions of ice-sheet build-up in the Weddell Sea sector to the LGM sealevel low-stand of w130 m vary considerably. In this paper, we summarise and review the geological records of past ice-sheet margins and past icesheet elevations in the Weddell Sea sector. We compile marine and terrestrial chronological data constraining former ice-sheet size, thereby highlighting different levels of certainty, and present two alternative scenarios of the LGM ice-sheet configuration, including time-slice reconstructions for post- LGM grounding-line retreat. Moreover, we discuss consistencies and possible reasons for inconsistencies between the various reconstructions and propose objectives for future research. The aim of our study is to provide two alternative interpretations of glacialegeological datasets on Antarctic Ice- Sheet History for the Weddell Sea sector, which can be utilised to test and improve numerical icesheet models
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- 2014
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35. Re-framing HCI through Local and Indigenous Perspectives
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Ravi Vatrapu, Jose Abdelnour-Nocera, Masaaki Kurosu, Heike Winschiers-Theophilus, Rüdiger Heimgärtner, Alvin W. Yeo, Torkil Clemmensen, Vanessa Evers, Nic Bidwell, University of West London, The Open University of Japan [Chiba] (OUJ), Copenhagen Business School [Copenhagen] (CBS), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Council for Scientific and Industrial Research [Pretoria] (CSIR), Polytechnic of Namibia [Windhoek], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Intercultural User Interface Consulting, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Pedro Campos, Nicholas Graham, Joaquim Jorge, Nuno Nunes, Philippe Palanque, Marco Winckler, and TC 13
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,business.industry ,Indigenous HCI ,05 social sciences ,Target audience ,02 engineering and technology ,Interaction design ,Indigenous ,Cultural usability ,localization ,Globalization ,Research proposal ,Framing (social sciences) ,HCI theory and methodology ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Engineering ethics ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,cultural usability ,business ,050107 human factors ,globalization - Abstract
Part 1: Long and Short Papers; International audience; This one-day workshop aims to present different local and indigenous perspectives from all over the world in order to lead into an international dialogue on re-framing concepts and models in HCI/Interaction Design. The target audience is HCI researchers and practitioners who have experience with working with culture and HCI. The expected outcome of the workshop is a) network building among the participants, b) a shortlist of papers that can be basis for a proposal for a special issue of the UAIS journal, and c) identify opportunities to develop a funded network or research proposal.
- Published
- 2011
36. Extending technology acceptance model for proximity mobile payment via organisational semiotics
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Chekfoung Tan, Sanaa Askool, Yu-Chun Pan, Aimee Jacobs, School of Computing and Engineering [London] (https://www.uwl.ac.uk/academic-schools/computing), University of West London, Craig School of Business [California] (CSB), California State University [Fresno] (Fresno State), Hekma School of Business & Law, Dar Al-Hekma University, Kecheng Liu, Keiichi Nakata, Weizi Li, Cecilia Baranauskas, TC 8, and WG 8.1
- Subjects
Information management ,Knowledge management ,Technology Acceptance Model ,Computer science ,[SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences ,Business system planning ,User expectations ,Mobile payment ,Adoption ,0502 economics and business ,Proximity mobile payment ,Semiotics ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Mobile technology ,Organisational semiotics ,Information-management ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Business-systems ,Organisational Semiotics ,050211 marketing ,Technology acceptance model ,business ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Part 1: Organisational Semiotics: Theory and Application; International audience; The growth of mobile technologies and smartphones is reshaping the individual and organisational behaviour which affect the business environment. One of the key challenges of mobile payment is how to understand and manage user expectations and technology acceptance. Therefore, to better understand mobile payment use and acceptance, we need to analyse the factors and barriers that influence technology use. The investigation uses Technology Acceptance Model in conjunction with Organisational Semiotics, a socio-technical method of design, to overcome possible limitations addressed in research. This approach offers methods that can help to develop a research model for mobile payment use focusing on technical and social aspects.
37. The effectiveness of peer support on the recovery and empowerment of people with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
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Jambawo SM, Owolewa R, and Jambawo TT
- Abstract
Background: People with schizophrenia have a shorter life span and high mortality and morbidity rates. Peer support is an important strategy that can improve outcomes for people with schizophrenia. Peer support involves people with a lived experience of recovery who help and support others experiencing mental health problems., Aims: The main aim of this systematic literature review was to examine the effectiveness of peer support on the recovery and empowerment outcomes of service users with schizophrenia disorders. The objectives were to contribute to evidence-based practice and promote peer support interventions in mental health services., Data Sources: We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on peer support in MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Academic Search Premier, PubMed, PsycArticles, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection. We identified additional trials from the citations of previous studies., Methods: We assessed the trials' methodological quality and biases using the risk of bias (RoB) and grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) tools. We performed a meta-analysis in the RevMan application and extracted data from the clinical trials using narrative synthesis. This systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedures., Results: A total of 17 trials with 5974 participants were included in this review. The most common peer support was peer-led self-management interventions. The RE model (SMD = 0.29, 95 % CI = 0.13 to 0.45, p-value = 0.0004) shows that peer support interventions significantly improved the recovery outcome compared to standard care provided to service users with schizophrenia. The RE model (SMD = 0.22, 95 % CI = 0.11 to 0.33, p-value = 0.0001) also shows that peer support interventions significantly empowered service users with schizophrenia. However, the positive effects were small. A sub-group analysis found moderate effects on the recovery outcome among the emerging peer support interventions. The quality of the evidence was moderate., Conclusions: Peer support interventions effectively improved the recovery and empowerment outcomes. Current clinical trials indicate that peer support is an essential psychosocial intervention in improving empowerment and recovery in service users with schizophrenia., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Crown Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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38. Chlorine in cleaning - are we concentrating enough?
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Garvey MI, Offorbuzor F, Wilkinson MAC, Kiernan M, and Holden E
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- 2024
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39. Equity and timeliness as factors in the effectiveness of an ethical prenatal sequencing service: reflections from parents and professionals.
- Author
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Peter M, Hill M, Fisher J, Daniel M, McInnes-Dean H, Mellis R, Walton H, Lafarge C, Leeson-Beevers K, Peet S, Tapon D, Wynn SL, Chitty LS, and Parker M
- Abstract
Prenatal sequencing tests are being introduced into clinical practice in many developed countries. In part due to its greater ability to detect genetic variation, offering prenatal sequencing can present ethical challenges. Here we review ethical issues arising following the implementation of prenatal sequencing in the English National Health Service (NHS). We analysed semi structured interviews conducted with 48 parents offered prenatal sequencing and 63 health professionals involved in delivering the service to identify the ethical issues raised. Two main themes were identified: (1) Equity of access (including issues around eligibility criteria, laboratory analytical processes, awareness and education of clinicians, fear of litigation, geography, parental travel costs, and access to private healthcare), and (2) Timeliness and its impact on parental decision-making in pregnancy (in the context of the law around termination of pregnancy, decision-making in the absence of prenatal sequencing results, and the "importance" of prenatal sequencing results). Recognising both the practical and systemic ethical issues that arise out of delivering a national prenatal sequencing service is crucial. Although specific to the English context, many of the issues we identified are applicable to prenatal sequencing services more broadly. Education of health professionals and parents will help to mitigate some of these ethical issues., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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40. Strategies for older people living in care homes to prevent urinary tract infection: the StOP UTI realist synthesis.
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Prieto J, Wilson J, Tingle A, Cooper E, Handley M, Rycroft-Malone J, Bostock J, Williams L, and Loveday H
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- Humans, Aged, Nursing Homes, Homes for the Aged, United Kingdom, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Urinary Tract Infections prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection is the most diagnosed infection in older people. It accounts for more than 50% of antibiotic prescriptions in care homes and is a frequent reason for care home residents being hospitalised., Objective: This realist review developed and refined programme theories for preventing and recognising urinary tract infection, exploring what works, for whom and in what circumstances., Design: The review used realist synthesis to explore existing literature on the detection and prevention of urinary tract infection, complemented by stakeholder consultation. It applies to the UK context, although other healthcare systems may identify synergies in our findings., Data Sources: Bibliographic databases searched included MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection (including the Social Sciences Citation Index), Sociological Abstracts, Bibliomap and National Institute for Health and Care Research Journals Library., Data Selection and Extraction: Title and abstract screening were undertaken by two researchers independently of each other. Selection and assessment were based on relevance and rigour and cross-checked by a second researcher. Data extracted from the included studies were explored for explanations about how the interventions were considered to work (or not). Evidence tables were constructed to enable identification of patterns across studies that offered insight about the features of successful interventions., Data Analysis and Synthesis: Programme theories were constructed through a four-stage process involving scoping workshops, examination of relevant extant theory, analysis and synthesis of primary research, teacher-learner interviews and a cross-system stakeholder event. A process of abductive and retroductive reasoning was used to construct context-mechanism-outcome configurations to inform programme theory., Results: The scoping review and stakeholder engagement identified three theory areas that address the prevention and recognition of urinary tract infection and show what is needed to implement best practice. Nine context-mechanism-outcome configurations provided an explanation of how interventions to prevent and recognise urinary tract infection might work in care homes. These were (1) recognition of urinary tract infection is informed by skills in clinical reasoning, (2) decision-support tools enable a whole care team approach to communication, (3) active monitoring is recognised as a legitimate care routine, (4) hydration is recognised as a care priority for all residents, (5) systems are in place to drive action that helps residents to drink more, (6) good infection prevention practice is applied to indwelling urinary catheters, (7) proactive strategies are in place to prevent recurrent urinary tract infection, (8) care home leadership and culture fosters safe fundamental care and (9) developing knowledgeable care teams., Limitations: We adapted our approach and work to online interactions with stakeholders and as a research team because of COVID-19. This also had an impact on bringing stakeholders together at a face-to-face event at the end of the project. Studies focusing on the prevention of urinary tract infection in care home settings were predominantly from the USA and Europe where the regulatory and funding systems for the long-term care of the elderly have some differences, particularly in the USA where national reporting plays a significant role in driving improvements in care., Conclusions: Care home staff have a vital role in the prevention and recognition of urinary tract infection, which can be enabled through integration and prioritisation within the systems and routines of care homes and delivery of person-centred care. Promoting fundamental care as a means of facilitating a holistic approach to prevention and recognition of urinary tract infection helps staff to recognise how they can contribute to antimicrobial stewardship and recognition of sepsis. Challenging assumptions made by staff about the presentation of urinary tract infection is complex and requires education that facilitates 'unlearning' and questioning of low-value practices. Programmes to prevent urinary tract infection need to be co-designed and supported through active and visible leadership by care home managers with support from specialist practitioners., Future Work: We will focus on co-designing tools that facilitate implementation of our findings to ensure they fit with the care home context and address some of the challenges faced by care home leaders. This will underpin action at care home and system levels. Further research is needed to better understand the perspectives of residents and family carers, the effectiveness of non-pharmacological, pharmacological and specialist practitioner interventions and non-traditional approaches to training and educating the workforce in care home settings., Study Registration: This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42020201782., Funding: This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: NIHR130396) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment ; Vol. 28, No. 68. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
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- 2024
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41. Cleaning time and motion: an observational study on the time required to clean shared medical equipment in hospitals effectively.
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Matterson G, Browne K, Tehan PE, Russo PL, Kiernan M, and Mitchell BG
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- Humans, Time Factors, Decontamination methods, Cross Infection prevention & control, Equipment and Supplies microbiology, Infection Control methods, Infection Control standards, Hospitals, Disinfection methods, Time and Motion Studies
- Abstract
Background: Despite the important role that cleaning plays in reducing the risk of healthcare-associated infections, no research has been undertaken to quantify the time required for effective cleaning and disinfection of different pieces of shared medical equipment commonly used in hospitals. This short report presents the results from a study that aimed to quantify the time required to clean common pieces of shared medical equipment effectively., Methods: An observational time and motion study was conducted in a nursing simulation laboratory to determine the time required for effective cleaning and disinfection of 12 pieces of shared medical equipment commonly used in hospital. After training, the participants cleaned and disinfected equipment, with the time taken to clean recorded. Cleaning was deemed to be effective if ≥80% of ultraviolet fluorescent dots were removed during the cleaning process., Main Results: The time to clean equipment effectively ranged from 50 s [blood glucose testing kit; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0:40-1:00 (min:s)] to 3 min 53 s [medication trolley; 95% CI 3:36-4:11 (min:s)]. The intravenous stand was cleaned most effectively, with 100% of dots removed (N = 100 dots). In contrast, the bladder scanner was the most difficult to clean, with 12 attempts required to meet the 80% threshold for effective cleaning., Conclusion: This study will inform staffing and training requirements to plan the cleaning and disinfection of shared medical equipment effectively. The findings can also be used for business cases, and in future cost-effectiveness evaluations of cleaning interventions that include shared medical equipment., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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42. Bispecific FpFs: a versatile tool for preclinical antibody development.
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Collins M, Ibeanu N, Grabowska WR, Awwad S, Khaw PT, Brocchini S, and Khalili H
- Abstract
We previously described FpFs 1̲ (Fab-PEG-Fab) as binding mimetics of IgGs. FpFs are prepared with di(bis-sulfone) conjugation reagents 3̲ that undergo disulfide rebridging conjugation with the accessible disulfide of each Fab (Scheme 1). We have now prepared bispecific FpFs 2̲ (bsFpF and Fab
1 -PEG-Fab2 ) as potential bispecific antibody mimetics with the intent that bsFpFs could be used in preclinical antibody development since sourcing bispecific antibodies may be challenging during preclinical research. The di(bis-sulfone) reagent 3̲ was first used to prepare a bsFpF 2̲ by the sequential conjugation of a first Fab and then a second Fab to another target (Scheme 2). Seeking to improve bsFpF synthesis, the asymmetric conjugation reagent, bis-sulfone bis-sulfide 1̲6̲, with different thiol conjugation reactivities at each terminus (Scheme 4) was examined and the bsFpFs appeared to be formed at similar conversion to the di(bis-sulfone) reagent 3̲. To explore the advantages of using common intermediates in the preparation of bsFpF families, we investigated bsFpF synthesis with a protein conjugation-ligation approach (Scheme 5). Reagents with a bis-sulfone moiety for conjugation on one PEG terminus and a ligation moiety on the other terminus were examined. Bis-sulfone PEG trans -cyclooctene (TCO) 2̲8̲ and bis-sulfone PEG tetrazine (Tz) 3̲0̲ were used to prepare several bsFpFs targeting various therapeutic targets (TNF-α, IL6R, IL17, and VEGF) and tissue affinity targets (hyaluronic acid and collagen II). Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding studies indicated that there was little difference between the dissociation rate constant ( kd ) in the bsFpF was slower than for PEG-Fab, which may be because of mass differences that influence SPR results. These observations suggest that each Fab will bind to its target independently of the other Fab and that bsFpF binding profiles can be estimated using the corresponding PEG-Fab conjugates.ka ) in the bsFpF was slower than for PEG-Fab, which may be because of mass differences that influence SPR results. These observations suggest that each Fab will bind to its target independently of the other Fab and that bsFpF binding profiles can be estimated using the corresponding PEG-Fab conjugates., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)- Published
- 2024
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43. Research priorities to strengthen environmental cleaning in healthcare facilities: the CLEAN Group Consensus.
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Gon G, Dramowski A, Hornsey E, Graham W, Fardousi N, Aiken A, Allegranzi B, Anderson D, Bartram J, Bhattacharya S, Brogan J, Caluwaerts A, Padoveze MC, Damani N, Dancer S, Deeves M, Denny L, Feasey N, Hall L, Hopman J, Chettry LK, Kiernan M, Kilpatrick C, Mehtar S, Moe C, Nurse-Findlay S, Ogunsola F, Okwor T, Pascual B, Patrick M, Pearse O, Peters A, Pittet D, Storr J, Tomczyk S, Weiser TG, and Yakubu H
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- Humans, Cross Infection prevention & control, Research, Infection Control methods, Disinfection methods, Housekeeping, Hospital standards, Health Facilities, Consensus
- Abstract
Environmental cleaning is essential to patient and health worker safety, yet it is a substantially neglected area in terms of knowledge, practice, and capacity-building, especially in resource-limited settings. Public health advocacy, research and investment are urgently needed to develop and implement cost-effective interventions to improve environmental cleanliness and, thus, overall healthcare quality and safety. We outline here the CLEAN Group Consensus exercise yielding twelve urgent research questions, grouped into four thematic areas: standards, system strengthening, behaviour change, and innovation., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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44. Discussing methodological gaps in psychosocial intervention research for dementia: an opinion article from the INTERDEM Methodology Taskforce guided by the MRC framework.
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Bartels SL, Stephens N, D'Andrea F, Handley M, Markaryan M, Nakakawa Bernal A, Van den Block L, de Bruin SR, Windle K, Roes M, Janssen N, Christie H, Garcia L, Teesing G, Moniz-Cook E, and Graff M
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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- 2024
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45. Synthetic opioids in Poland-A cause for concern or a media distraction?
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Los G and Malczewski A
- Abstract
Background: The North American continent has been battling a major health crisis defined by opioids like OxyContin and fentanyl for over two decades now. In that time, it seemed that Europe is rather resilient to a similar problem, and heroin retained its position as a the most problematic opioid. This does seem to be changing and European media, including in Poland, is starting to report on growing popularity of synthetic opioids like fentanyl., Methods: We use official data showing the number of prescriptions for synthetic opioids; data showing the percentage of people entering treatment due to different opioids; police data on drug interceptions as well as lab closures, and data on opioid related poisonings., Results: The data demonstrates that although Polish physicians are increasingly more likely to prescribe synthetic opioids like OxyContin or Fentanyl, their problematic use remains low., Conclusion: Poland currently does not seem to be in a position that resembles an early stage of an opioid crisis. With this article we want to calm a heated public debate that is currently taking place in Poland, and redirect attention to a much more substantial problem of synthetic cathinones., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Artur Malczewski is a government official and works for the National Centre for Countering Addiction (Krajowe Centrum Przeciwdziałania Uzależnieniom)., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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46. The role of previous experience in the analysis of the psychological contract and its outcomes during the socialization process: a signalling theory perspective.
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Woodrow C, Erdem C, and Guest DE
- Abstract
Psychological contract theory has largely neglected the role of previous experience. In this study, we examine how previous work experience influences outcomes of communication with organizational insiders during organizational socialization among healthcare staff. We develop a model based on signalling theory, within which information acquisition during socialization is associated with psychological contract fulfilment, which is in turn is related to better health, happiness, and social relationships. Moderated mediation analysis based on data collected at entry and three months later confirms indirect effects between three types of information acquisition and three employee outcomes via the mediating role of psychological contract fulfilment. Importantly, these indirect effects are present only for inexperienced newcomers. Our findings build on signalling theory and add to knowledge about how the psychological contract forms during early socialization. They also suggest that organizations should pay particular attention to inducting inexperienced newcomers., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)
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- 2024
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47. Enhancing flood risk mitigation by advanced data-driven approach.
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Chafjiri AS, Gheibi M, Chahkandi B, Eghbalian H, Waclawek S, Fathollahi-Fard AM, and Behzadian K
- Abstract
Flood events in the Sefidrud River basin have historically caused significant damage to infrastructure, agriculture, and human settlements, highlighting the urgent need for improved flood prediction capabilities. Traditional hydrological models have shown limitations in capturing the complex, non-linear relationships inherent in flood dynamics. This study addresses these challenges by leveraging advanced machine learning techniques to develop more accurate and reliable flood estimation models for the region. The study applied Random Forest (RF), Bagging, SMOreg, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) models using historical hydrological data spanning 50 years. The methods involved splitting the data into training (50-70 %) and validation sets, processed using WEKA 3.9 software. The evaluation revealed that the nonlinear ensemble RF model achieved the highest accuracy with a correlation of 0.868 and an root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.104. Both RF and MLP significantly outperformed the linear SMOreg approach, demonstrating the suitability of modern machine learning techniques. Additionally, the ANFIS model achieved an exceptional R-squared accuracy of 0.99. The findings underscore the potential of data-driven models for accurate flood estimating, providing a valuable benchmark for algorithm selection in flood risk management., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: The corresponding author, Prof. Amir M. Fathollahi-Fard, is an Associate Editor in Information Science for Heliyon and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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- 2024
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48. Performance evaluation of indented macro synthetic polypropylene fibers in high strength self-compacting concrete (SCC).
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Yaqin C, Haq SU, Iqbal S, Khan I, Room S, and Khan SA
- Abstract
Concrete is used worldwide as a construction material in many projects. It exhibits a brittle nature, and fibers' addition to it improves its mechanical properties. Polypropylene (PP) fibers stand out as widely employed fibers in concrete. However, conventional micro-PP fibers pose challenges due to their smooth texture, affecting bonding within concrete and their propensity to clump during mixing due to their thin and soft nature. Addressing these concerns, a novel type of PP fiber is proposed by gluing thin fibers jointly and incorporating surface indentations to enhance mechanical anchorage. This study investigates the incorporation of macro-PP fibers into high-strength concrete, examining its fresh and mechanical properties. Three different concrete strengths 40 MPa, 45 MPa, and 50 MPa, were studied with fiber content of 0-1.5% v/f. ASTM specifications were utilized to test the fresh and mechanical properties, while the RILEM specifications were adopted to test the bond of bar reinforcements in concrete. Test results indicate a decrease in workability, increased air content, and no substantial shift in fresh concrete density. Hardened concrete tests, adding macro-PP fibers, show a significant increase in splitting tensile strength, bond strength, and flexural strength with a maximum increase of 34.5%, 35%, and 100%, respectively. Concrete exhibits strain-hardening behavior with 1% and 1.5% fiber content, and the flexural toughness increases remarkably from 2.2 to 47.1. Thus, macro PP fibers can effectively improve concrete's mechanical properties and resistance against crack initiation and spread., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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49. Queens of hearts: Exploring the lived experiences of mothers caring for infants with complex congenital heart disease in Sri Lanka.
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de Silva GNJ and Gamage GP
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- Humans, Sri Lanka, Female, Adult, Infant, Interviews as Topic, Infant, Newborn, Communication, Mothers psychology, Heart Defects, Congenital psychology, Qualitative Research, Caregivers psychology, Adaptation, Psychological
- Abstract
This qualitative study explored the lived experiences of eight Sri Lankan mothers of infants with complex congenital heart disease (CCHD) using semi-structured interviews. Four themes were generated as: illness perception , communication with medical staff , challenges faced , and coping mechanisms . These provided insight into the multi-faceted nature of mothers' experiences, importance of medical-caregiver communications and their need for psychosocial services. The findings enhance the limited knowledge of South-Asian primary CCHD caregiver experiences and will help in improving psychosocial support services in Sri Lanka., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- 2024
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50. Capability as a concept in advanced practice nursing and education: a scoping review.
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Whitfield MM, Bleah P, Concepcion Bachynski J, Macdonald D, Klein T, Ross-White A, Mimirinis M, and Wilson R
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- Humans, Nurse's Role, Advanced Practice Nursing education, Clinical Competence
- Abstract
Objective: The objective of this review was to map the literature about the concept of capability in advanced practice nursing education and practice to achieve greater clarity on the concept and its application., Introduction: Advanced practice nursing roles make up a growing segment of the global nursing workforce. Capability has been proposed as an overarching description of the attributes of advanced practice nursing roles within complex workplace environments. Capability includes knowing how to learn, and the ability to creatively integrate prior knowledge, skills, judgment, and experience in both new and familiar situations., Inclusion Criteria: This review looked at the literature about capability applied to advanced practice nursing in any setting globally. We were guided by the International Council of Nurses' definition of advanced practice nursing, which includes nurses with both graduate education and an expanded scope of practice. Drawing from an initial review of the literature, we used a working definition of capability, which was a combination of knowledge, skills, experience, and competencies that enables advanced practice nurses to provide appropriate care for patients in both known and unfamiliar clinical settings. We included literature about individual capability as a concept in any setting related to advanced practice nursing and education., Methods: We searched 18 electronic databases and included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods study design methodologies, reviews, and reports. The gray literature search included policy and practice documents from the World Health Organization, the International Council of Nurses, and websites of 48 nursing and health organizations. Two reviewers independently completed title and abstract screening prior to full-text review and data extraction. Conflicts were resolved via discussion or with a third reviewer. Extraction was completed by 2 reviewers using a piloted data extraction tool. Articles published in English from 1975 to the present were included. Sources in languages other than English were not included in the review due to the difficulties in accurately translating the concept of capability., Results: Thirty-five sources were included in the review with publication dates from 2000 to 2023. Most sources originated from Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Sources included frameworks and clinical guidelines, peer-reviewed articles, and gray literature. Capability was discussed in a range of settings, including specialized clinical roles. Applications of capability in educational settings included the use of capability frameworks to guide nurse practitioner education, nursing practice doctorates, and postgraduate nurse practitioner training. Definitions of capability, where provided, were relatively consistent. Capability was proposed as a distinguishing characteristic of advanced practice nursing, as a descriptor of clinical proficiency that moved beyond competency, and as a framework that accounted for complexity in health care settings., Conclusion: Capability was used as a concept and framework to describe advanced practice nursing within complex practice environments that necessitate flexible approaches. Capability frameworks were applied holistically and to specific areas of practice or education, including in pregraduate and postgraduate advanced practice nursing education. Strategies for teaching and learning capability focused on flexibility, student-directed learning, and development of flexible learning pathways., Supplemental Digital Content: A Norwegian-language version of the abstract of this review is available: http://links.lww.com/SRX/A58., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 JBI.)
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- 2024
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