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1. Temperature effects on fish production across a natural thermal gradient

Author

O'Gorman, EJ, Ólafsson, OP, Demars, BOL, Friberg, N, Guðbergsson, G, Hannesdóttir, ER, Jackson, MC, Johansson, LS, McLaughlin, OB, Ólafsson, JS, Woodward, G, Gíslason, GM, Department of Life Sciences [Trieste], Università degli studi di Trieste, Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, The James Hutton Institute, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), NERC [NE/L011840/1, NE/I009280/2], Royal Society [RG140601], British Ecological Society [4009-4884], Fisheries Society of the British Isles, Grand Challenges in Ecosystems, Environment initiative at Imperial College London, Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services (RESAS), Salmonid Fisheries Management Fund in Reykjavik, Assistantship and Research Funds from the University of Iceland [GMG2006, GMG2007], Department of Life Sciences, Universita di Trieste, James Hutton Institute, Norwegian Institute of Water Research, University of Pretoria ( UPSpace ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Líf- og umhverfisvísindadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences (UI), Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), and The Royal Society

Subjects
Hengill, Food Chain, Trout, Tilraunir, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 05 Environmental Sciences, Iceland, Vistfræði, Salmo trutta fario, PIT tag, Silungur, Arctic, FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS, FOOD-WEB STRUCTURE, GEOTHERMALLY HEATED STREAM, Animals, Primary Research Article, TROUT SALMO-TRUTTA, freshwater, Ecosystem, natural experiment, BODY-SIZE, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Ecology, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Temperature, mark‐recapture, 06 Biological Sciences, Primary Research Articles, ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS, Diet, EMERGING AQUATIC INSECTS, YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK, Vatn, JUVENILE BROWN TROUT, ecosystem services, mark-recapture
Abstract

Global warming is widely predicted to reduce the biomass production of top predators, or even result in species loss.Several exceptions to this expectation have been identified, however, and it is vital that we understand the underlyingmechanisms if we are to improve our ability to predict future trends. Here, we used a natural warming experiment inIceland and quantitative theoretical predictions to investigate the success of brown trout as top predators across astream temperature gradient (4–25 °C). Brown trout are at the northern limit of their geographic distribution in thissystem, with ambient stream temperatures below their optimum for maximal growth, and above it in the warmeststreams. A five-month mark-recapture study revealed that population abundance, biomass, growth rate, and produc-tion of trout all increased with stream temperature. We identified two mechanisms that contributed to theseresponses: (1) trout became more selective in their diet as stream temperature increased, feeding higher in the foodweb and increasing in trophic position; and (2) trophic transfer through the food web was more efficient in the war-mer streams. We found little evidence to support a third potential mechanism: that external subsidies would play amore important role in the diet of trout with increasing stream temperature. Resource availability was also amplifiedthrough the trophic levels with warming, as predicted by metabolic theory in nutrient-replete systems. These resultshighlight circumstances in which top predators can thrive in warmer environments and contribute to our knowledgeof warming impacts on natural communities and ecosystem functioning., The authors are supported by grants awarded by NERC (NE/L011840/1 and NE/I009280/2), the Royal Society (RG140601), the British Ecological Society (4009-4884), the Fisheries Society of the British Isles, the Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment initiative at Imperial College London, the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services (RESAS), the Salmonid Fisheries Management Fund in Reykjavik, and Assistantship and Research Funds from the University of Iceland (GMG2006, GMG2007)., Ritrýnt tímarit

Published
2016

2. Finding needles in haystacks: linking scientific names, reference specimens and molecular data for Fungi

Author

Dirk Redecker, Johannes Z. Groenewald, B. Stielow, Ibai Olariaga, Wendy A. Untereiner, Steven D. Leavitt, Scott Federhen, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Pedro W. Crous, Katerina Fliegerova, Jianping Xu, Ana Crespo, M. Teresa Telleria, Soili Stenroos, Martha J. Powell, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Gianluigi Cardinali, Laszlo Irinyi, Hiran A. Ariyawansa, Javier Diéguez Uribeondo, Andrew M. Minnis, Paul M. Kirk, Zai-Wei Ge, Duong Vu, Richard C. Hamelin, Conrad L. Schoch, Jian-Kui Liu, Wieland Meyer, Kevin D. Hyde, Csaba Vágvölgyi, Bryn T. M. Dentinger, Ning Zhang, Dhanushka Udayanga, Tamás Petkovits, Qing Cai, Cletus P. Kurtzman, Raquel Pino-Bodas, Jie Chen, Michael Weiß, Karl-Henrik Larsson, Leho Tedersoo, María P. Martín, Peter M. Letcher, Gábor M. Kovács, Liang-Dong Guo, Kazuaki Tanaka, Bhushan Shrestha, Andrew N. Miller, Krishna V. Subbarao, Nicolas Feau, Urmas Kõljalg, Huzefa A. Raja, D. Jean Lodge, Karen K. Nakasone, Jean-Marc Moncalvo, Nalin N. Wijayawardene, Sung-Oui Suh, Cécile Gueidan, Teun Boekhout, Wen Ying Zhuang, Marieka Gryzenhout, Jullie M. Sarmiento-Ramírez, Bart Buyck, H. Thorsten Lumbsch, Marizeth Groenewald, Seung-Beom Hong, Keith A. Seifert, Peter R. Johnston, Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Barbara Robbertse, Kessy Abarenkov, Dimuthu S. Manamgoda, Z. Wilhelm de Beer, Pradeep K. Divakar, Tuula Niskanen, Patrik Inderbitzin, M. Catherine Aime, Bevan S. Weir, Sarah Hambleton, Zhu L. Yang, R. Henrik Nilsson, Kare Liimatainen, Cobus M. Visagie, Krisztina Krizsán, Michael J. Wingfield, Ulrike Damm, Gareth W. Griffith, Donald M. Walker, Tamás Papp, Vincent Robert, Miguel A. García, Valérie Hofstetter, Martin I. Bidartondo, Karen Hansen, Margarita Dueñas, Jos Houbraken, Karen W. Hughes, Kerstin Voigt, Giuseppina Mulè, Martin Grube, Ekaphan Kraichak, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), NLM, National Institutes of Health, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences – Microbiology, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, University of Sydney, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], University of Helsinki, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee System, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, Mycology Section, Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, University of Tartu, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University (OSU), Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University [Thaïlande] (MFU), Imperial College London, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), School of Science, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Real Jardin Botanico (RJB), Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia (UBC), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Aberystwyth University, Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl Franzens University, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), Department of Botany, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Département de recherche en Protection des végétaux grandes cultures et vigne/Viticulture et oenologie, Agroscope, Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Davis Department of Plant Pathology, Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Anatomy, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Science and Education, Field Museum, Department of Microbiology [Szeged], University of Szeged [Szeged], Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (NCAUR), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences, Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Biotec - National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology [Göteborg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Department of Ecology Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Northern Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Center for Forest Mycology Research (CFMR), Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University [Suwon] (SKKU), Mycology and Botany Program, American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Maribor, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Jena Microbial Resource Collection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Hans Knoell Institute), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Department of Natural Sciences, University of Findlay, Institute of Evolution and Ecology, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, McMaster University, Kunming Institute of Botany [CAS] (KIB), Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers), National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Schoch, Conrad L., Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Landcare Research, United States Department of Agriculture - USDA (USA)-United States Department of Agriculture - USDA (USA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, National Center for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI ), National Institutes of Health ( NIH ), Università degli Studi di Perugia, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Tennessee, Oregon State University ( OSU ), Mae Fah Luang University [Thaïlande] ( MFU ), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] ( UCM ), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute ( FABI ), University of Pretoria ( UPSpace ), Real Jardin Botanico ( RJB ), University of British Columbia ( UBC ), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] ( ASCR ), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] ( CSIRO ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] ( CAS ), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada ( AAFC ), National University of Ireland [Galway] ( NUI Galway ), Eotvos Lorand University, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, The Open University [Milton Keynes] ( OU ), University of Gothenburg ( GU ), Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Center for Forest Mycology Research ( CFMR ), Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of California at Los Angeles [Los Angeles] ( UCLA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Sungkyunkwan University, American Type Culture Collection ( ATCC ), University of Kansas [Lawrence] ( KU ), University of California Davis, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Rutgers University (State University of New Jersey), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Pretoria [South Africa], University of California (UC), Agriculture and Agri-Food (AAFC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], sequence analyses, ribosomal dna, Intergenic region, 0807 Library And Information Studies, Databases, Genetic, RefSeq, Cluster Analysis, donnée de séquence moléculaire, DNA, Fungal, Genetics, DNA, Intergenic, Genes, Fungal, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Fungi, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Medicine (all), Phylogenetic tree, EPS-4, 3. Good health, internal transcribed spacer, Fungal, Identification (biology), Original Article, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Sequence Analysis, Information Systems, specimen, life, Sequence analysis, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, interspecific hybridization, Computational biology, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, DNA sequencing, Databases, Genetic, evolution, Internal transcribed spacer, species complex, Science & Technology, Intergenic, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], barcode, 0804 Data Format, DNA, Laboratorium voor Phytopathologie, MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY, référence, Genes, Laboratory of Phytopathology, identification
Abstract

DNA phylogenetic comparisons have shown that morphology-based species recognition often underestimates fungal diversity. Therefore, the need for accurate DNA sequence data, tied to both correct taxonomic names and clearly annotated specimen data, has never been greater. Furthermore, the growing number of molecular ecology and microbiome projects using high-throughput sequencing require fast and effective methods for en masse species assignments. In this article, we focus on selecting and re-annotating a set of marker reference sequences that represent each currently accepted order of Fungi. The particular focus is on sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region in the nuclear ribosomal cistron, derived from type specimens and/or ex-type cultures. Reannotated and verified sequences were deposited in a curated public database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), namely the RefSeq Targeted Loci (RTL) database, and will be visible during routine sequence similarity searches with NR_prefixed accession numbers. A set of standards and protocols is proposed to improve the data quality of new sequences, and we suggest how type and other reference sequences can be used to improve identification of Fungi., B.R. and C.L.S. acknowledge support from the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine

Published
2014

3. Epidemiology of African swine fever in Africa today: Sylvatic cycle versus socio‐economic imperatives

Author

Armanda D.S. Bastos, Mary-Louise Penrith, Daniel Beltran-Alcrudo, Eric Etter, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Production Animal Studies, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Subjects
sub-Saharan Africa, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Swine, Sus scrofa, wild suids, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Disease Outbreaks, 0403 veterinary science, Porcin, domestic pigs, Socioeconomics, bushpigs, Phacochoerus, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, African Swine Fever Virus, Épidémiologie, Domestic pig, Geography, Peste porcine africaine, Livestock, Sylvatic cycle, L20 - Écologie animale, Faune, 040301 veterinary sciences, Population, Animals, Wild, Environment, African swine fever virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Ornithodoros moubata, parasitic diseases, Animals, education, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales, Outbreak, biology.organism_classification, Socioeconomic Factors, sylvatic cycle, Africa, socio-economic factors, Écologie animale, African swine fever, business, control, warthogs
Abstract

International audience; African swine fever (ASF) is believed to have evolved in eastern and southern Africa in a sylvatic cycle between common warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) and argasid ticks of the Ornithodoros moubata complex that live in their burrows. The involvement of warthogs and possibly other wild suids in the maintenance of ASF virus means that the infection cannot be eradicated from Africa, but only prevented and controlled in domestic pig populations. Historically, outbreaks of ASF in domestic pigs in Africa were almost invariably linked to the presence of warthogs, but subsequent investigations of the disease in pigs revealed the presence of another cycle involving domestic pigs and ticks, with a third cycle becoming apparent when the disease expanded into West Africa where the sylvatic cycle is not present. The increase in ASF outbreaks that has accompanied the exponential growth of the African pig population over the last three decades has heralded a shift in the epidemiology of ASF in Africa, and the growing importance of the pig husbandry and trade in the maintenance and spread of ASF. This review, which focuses on the ASF situation between 1989 and 2017, suggests a minor role for wild suids compared with the domestic cycle, driven by socio‐economic factors that determine the ability of producers to implement the control measures needed for better management of ASF in Africa.

Published
2019

4. Transmission lines characteristic impedance versus Q-factor in CMOS technology

Author

Anne-Laure Franc, Tinus Stander, Philippe Ferrari, Johannes J. P. Venter, Groupe de Recherche en Electromagnétisme (LAPLACE-GRE), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and University of Pretoria (UPSpace)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, business.industry, Coplanar waveguide, Electrical engineering, Foundation (engineering), 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Radio astronomy observatory, Microstrip, Characteristic impedance, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Electric power transmission, CMOS, Q factor, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract

This paper presents a systematic comparison of the relationship between transmission line characteristic impedance and Q-factor of CPW, slow-wave CPW, microstrip, and slow-wave microstrip in the same CMOS back-end-of-line process. It is found that the characteristic impedance for optimal Q-factor depends on the ground-to-ground spacing of the slow-wave transmission line. Although the media are shown to be similar from a mode of propagation point of view, the 60-GHz optimal Q-factor for slow-wave transmission lines is achieved when the characteristic impedance is ≈23 Ω for slow-wave CPWs and ≈43 Ω for slow-wave microstrip lines, with Q-factor increasing for wider ground plane gaps. Moreover, it is shown that slow-wave CPW is found to have a 12% higher optimal Q-factor than slow-wave microstrip for a similar chip area. The data presented here may be used in selecting Z0 values for S-MS and S-CPW passives in CMOS that maximize transmission line Q-factors.

Published
2021

5. Female Seals that Breed Young Also Enjoy a Slower Rate of Aging

Author

Marthán N Bester, W. Chris Oosthuizen, Roger Pradel, P J Nico de Bruyn, Guillaume Péron, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Zoology and Entomology [Pretoria], University of Pretoria [South Africa], Mammal Research Institute - Department Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 05 social sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 050301 education, General Medicine, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 0503 education, 01 natural sciences, Breed, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Demography
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

6. Understanding African swine fever outbreaks in domestic pigs in a sylvatic endemic area: The case of the South African controlled area between 1977–2017

Author

Mary-Louise Penrith, Leana Janse van Rensburg, Eric Etter, Livio Heath, Juanita Van Heerden, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, ARC, Partenaires INRAE, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, and University of Pretoria (UPSpace)

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Endemic Diseases, Genotype, 040301 veterinary sciences, Swine, Virus peste porcine africaine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biosecurity, Sus scrofa, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Disease Outbreaks, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, South Africa, Porcin, Animals, Surveillance épidémiologique, African Swine Fever, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, African swine fever, Outbreak, Endemic area, pigs, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, African Swine Fever Virus, compartmentalization, Geography, sylvatic cycle, Biosécurité, North west, Peste porcine africaine, Sylvatic cycle, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Seasons, épidémie, biosecurity
Abstract

South Africa declared a controlled area for African swine fever (ASF) in 1935, consisting of the northern parts of Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West and Kwa-Zulu Natal Provinces. The area was delineated based on the endemic presence of the sylvatic cycle of ASF, involving warthogs and argasid ticks. Occasionally, spillover occurs from the sylvatic cycle to domestic pigs, causing ASF outbreaks. In the period 1977 to 2017, 59 outbreaks of ASF were reported in domestic pigs within the ASF controlled area of South Africa. During these outbreaks, at least 4,031 domestic pigs either died or were culled. Season did not affect the number of reported ASF outbreaks, but the number of reported outbreaks in this area per year was thought to be slowly increasing, although not statistically significant. Outbreaks occurred predominantly in Limpopo province (93%) and were mostly due to contact (or suspected contact) with warthog or warthog carcasses. Clustering analysis of outbreaks found that the local municipalities of Ramotshere Moiloa, Lephalale and Thabazimbi had the highest relative risk for outbreaks. In 32 of the 59 outbreaks, the genotype of the ASF virus (ASFV) involved could be determined. Phylogenetic analysis of ASFVs detected in domestic pigs during the study period revealed that p72 genotypes I, III, IV, VII, VIII, XIX, XX, XXI and XXII had been involved in causing outbreaks within the ASF controlled area. No outbreaks were reported in the Kwa-Zulu Natal part of the controlled area during this period. South Africa is unlikely to eradicate all sources of ASFV as spillover from the sylvatic cycle in the controlled area continued to occur, but with the implementation of appropriate biosecurity measures pigs can be successfully farmed despite the presence of ASFV in African wild suids and soft ticks.

Published
2020

7. Potential impacts of extreme weather events in main maize (Zea mays L.) producing areas of South Africa under rainfed conditions (vol 19, pg 1441, 2019)

Author

Mangani, Robert, Tesfamariam, Eyob H., Engelbrecht, Christien J., Bellocchi, Gianni, Hassen, Abubeker, Mangani, Tshepiso, Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology [Pretoria], University of Pretoria [South Africa], Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

8. A new edible cricket species from Africa of the genus Scapsipedus

Author

Sunday Ekesi, Monica A. Ayieko, Sevgan Subramanian, Fidelis L. O. Ombura, Nanna Roos, Robert S. Copeland, Samira A. Mohamed, Sylvain Hugel, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Saliou Niassy, Fathiya M. Khamis, Henlay J O Magara, Komi K. M. Fiaboe, Postgrad Sch Agr & Rural Dev, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), and Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Insecta, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Arthropoda, Orthoptera, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Courtship, Gryllidae, Cricket, Genus, Animalia, Animals, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Insect farming, Taxonomy, Biodiversity, Acoustics, biology.organism_classification, Kenya, 010602 entomology, Scapsipedus, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

Tanga, Chrysantus M., Magara, Henlay J. O., Ayieko, Monica A., Copeland, Robert S., Khamis, Fathiya M., Mohamed, Samira A., Ombura, Fidelis L. O., Niassy, Saliou, Subramanian, Sevgan, Fiaboe, Komi K. M., Roos, Nanna, Ekesi, Sunday, Hugel, Sylvain (2018): A new edible cricket species from Africa of the genus Scapsipedus. Zootaxa 4486 (3): 383-392, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4486.3.9

Published
2018

9. The retrospective analysis of Antarctic tracking data project

Author

Luciano Dalla Rosa, Henri Weimerskirch, Kerstin Jerosch, Sébastien Descamps, Marthán N Bester, Klemens Pütz, Charles-André Bost, Phil O'b. Lyver, Christophe Guinet, Akiko Kato, Horst Bornemann, John L. Bengtson, Jaimie Cleeland, Mary-Anne Lea, Silvia Olmastroni, Rochelle Constantine, Richard A. Phillips, Jean-Benoît Charrassin, Peter G. Ryan, Simon D. Goldsworthy, Roger Kirkwood, Louise Emmerson, Wayne Z. Trivelpiece, Christian Lydersen, Ben Raymond, Mark A. Hindell, Dominik A Nachtsheim, Jefferson T. Hinke, Nick Gales, Arnaud Tarroux, Simon Wotherspoon, Robert J. M. Crawford, Mônica M. C. Muelbert, Pierre A. Pistorius, Kimberly T. Goetz, Andrew D. Lowther, David R. Thompson, Virginia Andrews-Goff, Ian D. Jonsen, M. E. I. Marquez, Clive R. McMahon, Karine Delord, Mike Double, Gerald L. Kooyman, Kit M. Kovacs, José C. Xavier, Anton Van de Putte, Colin Southwell, Ewan D. Wakefield, Erling S. Nordøy, Barbara Wienecke, Mercedes Santos, Birgitte I. McDonald, Daniel P. Costa, Lars Boehme, Norman Ratcliffe, Ryan R. Reisinger, Arnoldus Schytte Blix, Michael A. Fedak, Peter L. Boveng, Rachael Alderman, Robert Harcourt, Iain J. Staniland, Leigh G. Torres, Ari S. Friedlaender, Yan Ropert-Coudert, Azwianewi B. Makhado, M. Goebel, Kieran Lawton, Philip N. Trathan, P J Nico de Bruyn, Luis A. Hückstädt, Keith W. Nicholls, Grant Ballard, Bruno Danis, Joachim Plötz, Knowles Kerry, David G. Ainley, Ben Arthur, Akinori Takahashi, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), BEDIC, OD Nature [Brussels, Belgium], Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences [Belgium], Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Department of Biological Sciences [Sydney, Australia] (Macquarie University), Macquarie University, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), Hatfield Marine Science Center [Newport, USA], British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), H.T. Harvey & Associates [CA, USA), Department of Primary Industries [Australia], Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, PRBO Conservation Science, Department of Zoology and Entomology [Pretoria], University of Pretoria [South Africa], Mammal Research Institute - Department Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), University of Tromsø (UiT), Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews [Scotland], School of Biological Sciences [Auckland, New Zealand], University of Auckland [Auckland], Department of Environmental Affairs [South Africa] (Oceans and Coasts), Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha [Rio Grande, Brazil], Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), South Australian Research and Development Institute, Department of Biological Sciences [North Ryde], Center for Marine Biology and Biomedicine [La Jolla], Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), FRAM Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, Biodiversity Section [Norway], Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], Oceans & Coasts Branch, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories [CA, USA] (San José State University), San Jose State University [San José] (SJSU), University of Sydney Institute of Marine Science (USIMS), The University of Sydney, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche [Siena, Italy] (Università di Siena), Università di Siena, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Antarctic Research Trust, British Antarctic Survey NERC [UK], Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE UC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Department of Biological Sciences [Sydney], Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), San Jose State University [San Jose] (SJSU), and Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Statistics and Probability, Data Descriptor, bird, Ecosystem ecology, animal experiment, Library and Information Sciences, Biodiversity informatics, animal experiment, Antarctica, biodiversity, bird, climate data,ecosystem, Southern Ocean, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Education, Information system, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480, Tracking data, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Southern Ocean, lcsh:Science, Life Below Water, biodiversity, Apex predator, ecosystem, Science & Technology, CLIMATE-CHANGE, business.industry, Conservation biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, Computer Science Applications, Multidisciplinary Sciences, MODEL, Ocean Biogeographic Information System, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Antarctica, Science & Technology - Other Topics, ECOSYSTEM, lcsh:Q, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, business, climate data, Information Systems, Sciences exactes et naturelles, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480
Abstract

The Retrospective Analysis of Antarctic Tracking Data (RAATD) is a Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research project led jointly by the Expert Groups on Birds and Marine Mammals and Antarctic Biodiversity Informatics, and endorsed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources. RAATD consolidated tracking data for multiple species of Antarctic meso- and top-predators to identify Areas of Ecological Significance. These datasets and accompanying syntheses provide a greater understanding of fundamental ecosystem processes in the Southern Ocean, support modelling of predator distributions under future climate scenarios and create inputs that can be incorporated into decision making processes by management authorities. In this data paper, we present the compiled tracking data from research groups that have worked in the Antarctic since the 1990s. The data are publicly available through biodiversity.aq and the Ocean Biogeographic Information System. The archive includes tracking data from over 70 contributors across 12 national Antarctic programs, and includes data from 17 predator species, 4060 individual animals, and over 2.9 million observed locations., Measurement(s)geographic locationTechnology Type(s)digital curationFactor Type(s)temporal interval • geographic locationSample Characteristic – OrganismAptenodytes forsteri • Lobodon carcinophaga • Eudyptes chrysolophus • Thalassarche melanophrys • Phoebetria palpebrata • Aptenodytes patagonicus • Pygoscelis adeliae • Leptonychotes weddellii • Megaptera novaeangliae • Mirounga leonina • Arctocephalus gazella • Thalassoica antarctica • Eudyptes schlegeli • Diomedea exulans • Phoebetria fusca • Diomedea chrysostoma • Procellaria aequinoctialisSample Characteristic – Environmentpolar biomeSample Characteristic – LocationAntarctica Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11688876

Published
2018

10. The Two Populations of Kisspeptin Neurons Are Involved in the Ram-Induced LH Pulsatile Secretion and LH Surge in Anestrous Ewes

Author

Laurence Dufourny, Didier Lomet, Yuta Suetomi, Juliette Cognie, Stephanie Martinet, Satoshi Ohkura, C. Fabre-Nys, Meriem Ghenim, Olivier Lasserre, Robert P. Millar, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Cape Town, Nagoya University, Région Centre (DURAREP 2 N° 2011 00064290), National Research Foundation South Africa (RM), University of Pretoria [South Africa], DURAREP 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére - UE PAO), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Anestrus, 03 medical and health sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Sexual Behavior, Animal, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Kisspeptin, ovin, Arcuate nucleus, Internal medicine, Physical Stimulation, neurone, medicine, Animals, rams, anoestrus, Animal Husbandry, Ovulation, media_common, Neurons, Kisspeptins, Arc (protein), bélier, Sheep, Chemistry, kisspeptine, Antagonist, gimmers, brebis, Luteinizing Hormone, neuron, Preoptic area, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, sécrétion de lh, Female, Neuron, Luteinizing hormone, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

International audience; Exposure to a ram during spring stimulates luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and can induce ovulation in sexually quiescent ewes ("ram effect"). Kisspeptin (Kiss) present in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the preoptic area (POA) is a potent stimulators of LH secretion. Our aim was to investigate whether Kiss neurons mediate the increase in LH secretion during the ram effect. With double immunofluorescent detection, we identified Kiss neurons (Kiss IR) activated (Fos IR) by exposure to a ram for 2 hours (M2) or 12 hours (M12) or to ewes for 2 hours (C). The density of cells Kiss + Fos IR and the proportion of Kiss IR cells that were also Fos IR cells were higher in M2 and M12 than in C in ARC (P < 0.002) and POA (P < 0.02). In ARC, these parameters were also higher in M12 than in M2 (P < 0.02 and P < 0.05). Kiss antagonist (P234 10(-6)M) administered by retrodialysis in POA for 3 hours at the time of introduction of the ram reduced the amplitude of the male-induced increase in LH concentration compared with solvent (P < 0.02). In ARC, P234 had a more limited effect (P < 0.038 1 hour after P234) but pulse frequency increased less than after solvent (P = 0.07). In contrast, Kiss antagonist (P271 10(-4)M) infused in ARC but not POA 6 to 18 hours after introduction of the ram prevented the LH surge in the ewe (0/6 vs 4/5 and 4/6 in C). These results suggest that both populations of Kiss neurons are involved in the ram-induced pulsatile LH secretion and in the LH surge.

Published
2017

11. Marine mammals exploring the oceans pole to pole: a review of the MEOP consortium

Author

Gilles Reverdin, Keith W. Nicholls, Guy D. Williams, Daniel P. Costa, Philip Lovell, P J Nico de Bruyn, Christian Lydersen, Mark A. Hindell, Fabien Roquet, Mary-Anne Lea, Clive R. McMahon, Robert Harcourt, Mike O. Hammill, Trevor McIntyre, Kit M. Kovacs, Anne M. Treasure, Jean-Benoît Charrassin, Andrew W. Trites, Horst Bornemann, Andrew D. Lowther, Michael A. Fedak, Christophe Guinet, Damien Chevallier, Marthán N Bester, Baptiste Picard, Mônica M. C. Muelbert, Lars Boehme, Isabelle J. Ansorge, Department of Oceanography [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Mammal Research Institute - Department Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Sea Mammal Research Unit (SMRU), University of Saint Andrews, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Equipe Physique de l'Ocean Austral (DMPA), DMPA, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maurice-Lamontagne Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), FRAM Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews [Scotland], Biodiversity Section [Norway], Zoology and Entomology Department, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria [South Africa], University of Sydney Institute of Marine Science (USIMS), The University of Sydney, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Marine Mammal Research Unit (University of British Columbia), University of British Columbia (UBC), Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC), Sea Mammal Research Unit [University of St Andrews] (SMRU), School of Biology [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-University of St Andrews [Scotland]-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Processus de couplage à Petite Echelle, Ecosystèmes et Prédateurs Supérieurs (PEPS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)-School of Biology [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-University of St Andrews [Scotland], and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Ice formation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Climate system, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Data portal, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Polar oceans are poorly monitored despite the important role they play in regulating Earth’s climate system. Marine mammals equipped with biologging devices are now being used to fill the data gaps in these logistically difficult to sample regions. Since 2002, instrumented animals have been generating exceptionally large data sets of oceanographic CTD casts (>500,000 profiles), which are now freely available to the scientific community through the MEOP data portal (http://meop.net). MEOP (Marine Mammals Exploring the Oceans Pole to Pole) is a consortium of international researchers dedicated to sharing animal-derived data and knowledge about the polar oceans. Collectively, MEOP demonstrates the power and cost-effectiveness of using marine mammals as data-collection platforms that can dramatically improve the ocean observing system for biological and physical oceanographers. Here, we review the MEOP program and database to bring it to the attention of the international community.

Published
2017

12. A comparative test of ixodid tick identification by a network of European researchers

Author

Maria Sofia Núncio, Miriam Pfäffle, Maxime Madder, Miguel A. Habela, Gianluca D’Amico, Domenico Otranto, Zati Vatansever, Manoj Fonville, Laurence Vial, Laetitia Lempereur, Andrei Daniel Mihalca, Olivier Plantard, Hein Sprong, Maria Margarida Santos-Silva, Ana M. Palomar, Marlène Dupraz, Dieter Heylen, Sándor Hornok, Agustín Estrada-Peña, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca, Center of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Laboratory for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp (UA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health, Parasitology & Parasitic Diseases, University of Extremadura, University of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology and Zoology, Szent István University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Université de Liège, Faculty Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Centro de Estudos de Vectores e Doencas Infecciosas Dr. Francisco Cambournac, Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal] (INSA), Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Zoological Institute, Department of Ecology and Parasitology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), UMR 1300 Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse du Risque, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse du Risque (BioEpAR)-Santé animale (S.A.), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Kafkas University, Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge [Lisboa]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Veterinary medicine, Identification, tique, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ixodes ricinus, 0302 clinical medicine, Africa, Northern, morphology, Metastigmata, ixodidae, caractérisation morphologique, recognition of species, north africa, Rhipicephalus annulatus, biology, santé animale, 000 - Autres thèmes, europe de l'ouest, Research Personnel, Rhipicephalus, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Comparative Test, comparative test, Female, Dermacentor, Ixodidae, L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux, Morphology, Nymph, Méthodologie, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, 030231 tropical medicine, Ixodid Ticks, Western Palearctic, Microbiology, ixodid ticks, 03 medical and health sciences, Hyalomma, Animals, molecular, Biology, Test biologique, Génie génétique, Infecções Sistémicas e Zoonoses, Ixodes, animal health, afrique du nord, L60 - Taxonomie et géographie animales, Biologie moléculaire, Molecular, hard ticks, Taxonomie, Anatomie animale, biology.organism_classification, Haemaphysalis, 030104 developmental biology, Insect Science, identification, Parasitology, Human medicine, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Haemaphysalis punctata
Abstract

This study reports the results of a comparative test of identification of ticks occurring in Western Europe and Northern Africa. A total of 14 laboratories were voluntarily enrolled in the test. Each participant received between 22 and 25 specimens of adult and nymphal ticks of 11 species: Dermacentor marginatus, D. reticulatus, Haemaphysalis punctata, Hyalomma lusitanicum, Hy. marginatum, Ixodes ricinus, I. hexagonus, Rhipicephalus annulatus, R. bursa, R. rossicus, and/or R. sanguineus s.l. Ticks were morphologically identified by three of the co-authors and the identification confirmed by a fourth co-author who used molecular methods based on several genes. Then ticks were randomly selected and blindly distributed among participants, together with a questionnaire. Only specimens collected while questing and, if possible, in the same survey, were circulated. Because of the random nature of the test, a participant could receive several specimens of the same species. Species in the different genera had variable misidentification rates (MR) of 7% (Dermacentor), 14% (Ixodes), 19% (Haemaphysalis), 36% (Hyalomma), and 54% (Rhipicephalus). Within genera, the MR was also variable ranging from 5.4% for I. ricinus or 7.4% for D. marginatus or D. reticulatus to 100% for R. rossicus. The test provided a total misidentification rate of 29.6% of the species of ticks. There are no significant differences in MR according to the sex of the tick. Participants were requested to perform a second round of identifications on the same set of ticks, using only purposely prepared keys (without illustrations), circulated to the enrolled participants, including 2 species of the genus Dermacentor, 8 of Haemaphysalis, 10 of Hyalomma, 23 of Ixodes, and 6 of Rhipicephalus. The average MR in the second round was 28%: 0% (Dermacentor), 33% (Haemaphysalis), 30% (Hyalomma) 18% (Ixodes), and 50% (Rhipicephalus). Species which are not reported in the countries of a participating laboratory had always highest MR, i.e. purely Mediterranean species had highest MR by laboratories in Central and Northern Europe. Participants expressed their concerns about a correct identification for almost 50% of the ticks of the genera Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus. The results revealed less than total confidence in identifying the most prominent species of ticks in the Western Palearctic, and underpin the need for reference libraries for specialists involved in this task. Results also showed that a combination of certain genes may adequately identify the target species of ticks. This study has been carried out under the umbrella of the European COST Action TD1303, “EurNegVec”. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2017

13. African horse sickness Virus: History, transmission, and current status

Author

Gert J. Venter, Philip S. Mellor, Assane Gueye Fall, Claire Garros, Simon Carpenter, Vector-borne Viral Diseases Program, Pirbright Institute, Laboratoire National d'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires [Dakar] (LNERV), Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Parasites, Vectors, and Vector-Borne Diseases, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), This study was partially funded by EU grant FP7-261504 EDENext and is cataloged by the EDENext Steering Committee as EDENext 468 (http://www.edenext.edu). S.C. was funded by BBSRC grant BBS/E/I/00001701 and UK Horserace Betting Levy Board grant Prj766., European Project: 261504, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and University of Pretoria [South Africa]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, equidae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], African Horse Sickness Virus, arthropod-borne viruses, Peste équine africaine, vectorial capacity, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Ceratopogonidae, History, 18th Century, South Africa, 0302 clinical medicine, African Horse Sickness, transmission par vecteur, History, 15th Century, AHSV, Ecology, Transmission (medicine), santé animale, Contrôle de maladies, History, 19th Century, Facteur du milieu, environmental change, Culicoides, Senegal, Épidémiologie, Europe, Vecteur de maladie, History, 16th Century, African horse sickness, L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux, culicoides, transmission d'agents pathogènes, agent pathogène, Asia, 030231 tropical medicine, Zoology, Biology, Arbovirus, History, 21st Century, Histoire, History, 17th Century, Projet de recherche, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Horses, Transmission des maladies, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, animal health, Outbreak, History, 20th Century, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, History, Medieval, Maladie transmise par vecteur, 030104 developmental biology, arbovirus, Virus peste équine africaine, Insect Science, Africa, Horse Diseases, Equidae, Cheval, pathogen
Abstract

African horse sickness virus (AHSV) is a lethal arbovirus of equids that is transmitted between hosts primarily by biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). AHSV affects draft, thoroughbred, and companion horses and donkeys in Africa, Asia, and Europe. In this review, we examine the impact of AHSV critically and discuss entomological studies that have been conducted to improve understanding of its epidemiology and control. The transmission of AHSV remains a major research focus and we critically review studies that have implicated both Culicoides and other blood-feeding arthropods in this process. We explore AHSV both as an epidemic pathogen and within its endemic range as a barrier to development, an area of interest that has been underrepresented in studies of the virus to date. By discussing AHSV transmission in the African republics of South Africa and Senegal, we provide a more balanced view of the virus as a threat to equids in a diverse range of settings, thus leading to a discussion of key areas in which our knowledge of transmission could be improved. The use of entomological data to detect, predict and control AHSV is also examined, including reference to existing studies carried out during unprecedented outbreaks of bluetongue virus in Europe, an arbovirus of wild and domestic ruminants also transmitted by Culicoides.

Published
2017

14. Fungal Planet description sheets: 469?557

Author

Crous, Pedro Willem, Wingfield, M.J., Burgess, T.I., Hardy, G.E.St.J., Crane, C., Barrett, S., Cano-Lira, J.F., Roux, J.J., Thangavel, R., Guarro, J., Siqueira, C.M., J.P.Z., Souza-Motta, C.M., Stephenson, S.L., Sutton, D.A., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M.T., Valenzuela-Lopez, N., Viljoen, A., Visagie, C.M., Vizzini, A., Stchigel, A.M., Wartchow, B.D., F., Wingfield, B.D., Yurchenko, E., Zamora, J.C., Groenewald, J.Z., Martín, M.P., Alfredo, D.S., Barber, P.A., Barreto, R.W., Baseia, I.G., Cano-Canals, J., Cheewangkoon, R., Ferreira, R.J., Gené, J., Lechat, C., Moreno, G., Roets, F., Shivas, R.G., Sousa, J.O., Tan, Y.P., Wiederhold, N.P., Abell, S.E., Accioly, T., Albizu, J.L., Alves, J.L., Antoniolli, Z.I., Aplin, N., Araújo, João, Arzanlou, M., Bezerra, J.D.P., Bouchara, J.-P., Carlavilla, J.R., Castillo, A., Castroagudín, V.L., Ceresini, P.C., Claridge, G.F., Coelho, G., Coimbra, V.R.M., Costa, L.A., Cunha, K.C., Silva, S.S., Daniel, R., Beer, Z.W., Dueñas, M., Edwards, J., Enwistle, P., Fiuza, P.O., Fournier, J., Garcia, D., Gibertoni, T.B., Giraud, S., Guevara-Suarez, M., Gusmão, L.F.P., Haituk, S., Heykoop, M., Hirooka, Y., Hofmann, T.A., Houbraken, J., Hughes, D.P., Kautmanova, I., Koppel, O., Koukol, O., Larsson, E., Latha, K.P.D., Lee, D.H., Lisboa, Á. López-Villalba, D.O., Lisboa, W.S., López-Villalba, Á., Maciel, J.L.N., Manimohan, P., Manjón, J.L., Marincowitz, S., Marney, T.S., Meijer, M., Miller, A.N., Olariaga, I., Paiva, L.M., Piepenbring, M., Poveda-Molero, J.C., Raj, K.N.A., Raja, H.A., Rougeron, A., Salcedo, I., Samadi, R., Santos, T.A.B., Scarlett, K., Seifert, K.A., Shuttleworth, L.A., Silva, G.A., Silva, M., CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, ASCOfrance, Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Montanuniversität Leoben (MUL), Biologie des organismes marins et écosystèmes (BOME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), CBS-KNAW FUNGAL BIODIVERSITY CENTRE, THE NETHERLANDS, JOÃO LEODATO NUNES MACIEL, CNPT., Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), University of Pretoria [South Africa], Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agriculture and Agri-Food (AAFC), and Naturalis journals & series

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, ITS nrDNA barcodes, Eucalyptus creta, Saccharata, novel fungal species, Novel fungal species systematics, Eucalyptus kingsmillii, Fungal diseases of plants, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, DNA barcoding, Eucalyptus marginata, systematics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, LSU, biology, Eucalyptus preissiana, Doença fúngica, Eucalyptus lehmannii, 030108 mycology & parasitology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Eucalyptus pellita, ITS nrDNA, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Eucalyptus diversicolor
Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia: Apiognomonia lasiopetali on Lasiopetalum sp., Blastacervulus eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus adesmophloia, Bul- lanockia australis (incl. Bullanockia gen. nov.) on Kingia australis, Caliciopsis eucalypti on Eucalyptus marginata, Celerioriella petrophiles on Petrophile teretifolia, Coleophoma xanthosiae on Xanthosia rotundifolia, Coniothyrium hakeae on Hakea sp., Diatrypella banksiae on Banksia formosa, Disculoides corymbiae on Corymbia calophylla, Elsinoe¿ eelemani on Melaleuca alternifolia, Elsinoe¿ eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus kingsmillii, Elsinoe¿ preissianae on Eucalyptus preissiana, Eucasphaeria rustici on Eucalyptus creta, Hyweljonesia queenslandica (incl. Hyweljonesia gen. nov.) on the cocoon of an unidentified microlepidoptera, Mycodiella eucalypti (incl. Mycodiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus diversicolor, Myrtapenidiella sporadicae on Eucalyptus sporadica, Neocrinula xanthorrhoeae (incl. Neocrinula gen. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Ophiocordyceps nooreniae on dead ant, Phaeosphaeriopsis agava- cearum on Agave sp., Phlogicylindrium mokarei on Eucalyptus sp., Phyllosticta acaciigena on Acacia suaveolens, Pleurophoma acaciae on Acacia glaucoptera, Pyrenochaeta hakeae on Hakea sp., Readeriella lehmannii on Eucalyptus lehmannii, Saccharata banksiae on Banksia grandis, Saccharata daviesiae on Daviesia pachyphylla, Saccharata eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus bigalerita, Saccharata hakeae on Hakea baxteri, Saccharata hakeicola on Hakea victoria, Saccharata lambertiae on Lambertia ericifolia, Saccharata petrophiles on Petrophile sp., Sac- charata petrophilicola on Petrophile fastigiata, Sphaerellopsis hakeae on Hakea sp., and Teichospora kingiae on Kingia australis. Brazil: Adautomilanezia caesalpiniae (incl. Adautomilanezia gen. nov.) on Caesalpina echinata, Arthrophiala arthrospora (incl. Arthrophiala gen. nov.) on Sagittaria montevidensis, Diaporthe caatingaensis (en- dophyte from Tacinga inamoena), Geastrum ishikawae on sandy soil, Geastrum pusillipilosum on soil, Gymnopus pygmaeus on dead leaves and sticks, Inonotus hymenonitens on decayed angiosperm trunk, Pyricularia urashimae on Urochloa brizantha, and Synnemellisia aurantia on Passiflora edulis. Chile: Tubulicrinis australis on Lophosoria quadripinnata. France: Cercophora squamulosa from submerged wood, and Scedosporium cereisporum from fluids of a wastewater treatment plant. Hawaii: Beltraniella acaciae, Dactylaria acaciae, Rhexodenticula acaciae, Rubikia evansii and Torula acaciae (all on Acacia koa). India: Lepidoderma echinosporum on dead semi-woody stems, and Rhodocybe rubrobrunnea from soil. Iran: Talaromyces kabodanensis from hypersaline soil. La Re¿union: Neocordana musarum from leaves of Musa sp. Malaysia: Anungitea eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus grandis × pellita, Camptomeriphila leucaenae (incl. Camptomeriphila gen. nov.) on Leucaena leucocephala, Castanediella communis on Eucalyptus pellita, Eucalyptostroma eucalypti (incl. Eucalyptostroma gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus pellita, Melanco- niella syzygii on Syzygium sp., Mycophilomyces periconiae (incl. Mycophilomyces gen. nov.) as hyperparasite on Periconia on leaves of Albizia falcataria, Synnemadiella eucalypti (incl. Synnemadiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus pellita, and Teichospora nephelii on Nephelium lappaceum....

Published
2016

15. Nod factor supply under water stress conditions modulates cytokinin biosynthesis and enhances nodule formation and N nutrition in soybean

Author

Donald L. Smith, Christophe Salon, Marion Prudent, R. J. Neil Emery, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Department of Biology, and Trent University

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Cytokinins, Glycine max, Nitrogen, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Short Communication, Plant Science, Nod, drought, 01 natural sciences, Rhizobia, Nod factor, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biosynthesis, Symbiosis, nodulation factor, Nitrogen Fixation, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, N2-fixation, Legume, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, biology, fungi, food and beverages, legume, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Biochemistry, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Nitrogen fixation, Soybeans, Root Nodules, Plant, Plant nutrition, Agroecology, nodules, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Nod factors (NF) are molecules produced by rhizobia which are involved in the N2-fixing symbiosis with legume plants, enabling the formation of specific organs called nodules. Under drought conditions, nitrogen acquisition by N2-fixation is depressed, resulting in low legume productivity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of NF supply on nitrogen acquisition and on cytokinin biosynthesis of soybean plants grown under drought. NF supply to water stressed soybeans increased the CK content of all organs. The profile of CK metabolites also shifted from t-Z to cis-Z and an accumulation of nucleotide and glucoside conjugates. The changes in CK coincided with enhanced nodule formation with sustained nodule specific activity, which ultimately increased the total nitrogen fixed by the plant.

Published
2016

16. Do non-native pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus affect the growth, diet and trophic niche breadth of native brown trout Salmo trutta?

Author

Jean-Marc Roussel, Zhiqiang Guo, Gordon H. Copp, Julien Cucherousset, Rodolphe E. Gozlan, M. G. Godard, Saulius Stakėnas, Michelle C. Jackson, John Robert Britton, Bournemouth University [Poole] (BU), Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Salmon & Freshwater Team (SFT), Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Weymouth] (CEFAS), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vilnius University, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and TULIP (ANR -10-LABX-41)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Stable isotope analysis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Alien species, Small streams, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Lepomis, Food chain, Brown trout, Environmental Science(all), Introduced species, Ecological consequences, 14. Life underwater, Salmo, education, Circular statistics, Trophic level, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Interspecific competition, Environmental impacts, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Animal ecology
Abstract

International audience; Brown trout Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758, is a priority species for conservation and management efforts in many European countries. In its native range, interactions with non-native fishes often adversely affect somatic growth rates and population abundances. Consequences of introduced North American pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758) for native S. trutta were examined in stream stretches with and without L. gibbosus. Data for somatic growth rates and trophic niche breadth (using stable isotope analyses) provided little evidence of L. gibbosus presence being detrimental for S. trutta. Shifts in S. trutta diet at all sites were associated with increased piscivory with increasing body length, with no evidence to suggest that interspecific resource competition with L. gibbosus structured the food web or affected trophic positions. Three years later, and following L. gibbosus removal, data revealed slight shifts in the food web at each site, but these related to shifts in resources at the bottom of the food chain rather than a response to L. gibbosus removal. Consequently, the ecological consequences of L. gibbosus for S. trutta in the study stream were minimal, with S. trutta populations responding more to natural mechanisms regulating their populations than to the presence of this non-native fish species.

Published
2016

17. Global geographic distribution and host range of Dothistroma species: a comprehensive review

Author

Panaghiotis Tsopelas, A. Halasz, Helena Bragança, Julio J. Diez, V. Galovic, Rosie E. Bradshaw, Svetlana Markovskaja, L. S. Bulman, M. Markovic, Barbara Piškur, Margarita Georgieva, Irena Papazova-Anakieva, N. Anselmi, A. Angst, Valentyna Meshkova, Irene Barnes, Audrius Kačergius, Alejandro Solla, Thomas Kirisits, R. Baden, Alex J. Woods, T. Cech, András Koltay, D. Sadiković, Mihajlo Risteski, Martti Vuorinen, S. Schmitz, N. La Porta, Iben Margrete Thomsen, Valentin Queloz, Funda Oskay, Jan Stenlid, Kiril Sotirovski, Jorge Martín-García, S. Fraser, K.V. Tubby, V. Vasic, Michael J. Wingfield, Jelena Lazarević, Nenad Keča, Rodrigo Ahumada, Benoit Marçais, L. Poljakovic Pajnik, Kateryna Davydenko, Dragan Karadžić, Stephen Woodward, Petr Vahalík, Danut Chira, Emília Ondrušková, Piotr Boroń, Deborah Craig, Andrey V. Selikhovkin, Kalev Adamson, H. T. Doğmuş-Lehtijärvi, P. Pap, Timur S. Bulgakov, Libor Jankovský, Dmitry L. Musolin, A. V. Brown, Rein Drenkhan, Halvor Solheim, A. Lehtijärvi, Martin Mullett, H. Millberg, V. Tomešová-Haataja, R. Kiesnere, Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Bio-Protection Research Centre - Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Department of Plant Production and Forest, Universitad de Valladolid, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, Spanish National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Forest Protection, New Zealand Forest Research Institute, Department of Genetics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], Institute of Forest Entomology - Forest Pathology and Forest Protection (IFFF) - Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Department of Forest Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Life Sciences [Trieste], Università degli studi di Trieste, Forest Research Institute, Karnataka Forest Department, British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Concepción, Bioforest S.A., Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Natural Resources Institute Finland, Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Hungarian Forest Research Institute (ERTI), National Food Chain Safety Office - Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Directorate of Plant Protection and Soil Conservation, MOUNTFOR Project Centre, European Forest Institute = Institut Européen de la Forêt = Euroopan metsäinstituutti (EFI), Edmund Mach Foundation (FEM), Istituto Agrario di San Michele all'Adige (IASMA), Department for Innovation in Biological Agrofood and Forest Systems (DiBAF), Tuscia University, Latvian State Forest Research Institute 'Silava', Laboratory of Mycology, Archet II Hospital, Vokė Branch, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Czech University of Agriculture, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Department of Forest Pathology, Mycology and Tree Physiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Marin Dracea National Forest Research-Development Institute, St. Petersburg State Forest Technical University, Saint Petersburg State University, Southern Federal University [Rostov-on-Don] (SFEDU), Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Institute of Forest Ecology Zvolen - Branch for Woody Plants Biology Nitra, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Ingeniería Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad de Extremadura (UEX), Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Swiss Federal Research Institute, Bursa Technical University, Süleyman Demirel University, Çankırı Karatekin University, Ukrainian State Forest Protection Service, Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration (URIFFM), Agri Food and Biosciences Institute, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, EU COST Action [FP1102 DIAROD], Norwegian Financial Mechanism [EMP162], [IUT21-04], Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Mendel University in Brno (MENDELU), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Natural resources institute Finland, and Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária = National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research [Oeiras, Portugal] (INIAV)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Ecology, Host (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Outbreak, Forestry, 15. Life on land, 030108 mycology & parasitology, Biology, Subspecies, Dothistroma needle blight, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Mycosphaerella pini, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.drug_formulation_ingredient, Taxon, Dothistroma septosporum, Pinaceae, medicine, Biological dispersal, Settore AGR/12 - PATOLOGIA VEGETALE, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Summary Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) is one of the most important diseases of pine. Although its notoriety stems from Southern Hemisphere epidemics in Pinus radiata plantations, the disease has increased in prevalence and severity in areas of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, during the last two decades. This increase has largely been attributed to expanded planting of susceptible hosts, anthropogenic dispersal of the causative pathogens and changes in climate conducive to disease development. The last comprehensive review of DNB was published in 2004, with updates on geographic distribution and host species in 2009. Importantly, the recognition that two species, Dothistroma septosporum and D. pini, cause DNB emerged only relatively recently in 2004. These two species are morphologically very similar, and DNA-based techniques are needed to distinguish between them. Consequently, many records of host species affected or geographic location of DNB prior to 2004 are inconclusive or even misleading. The objectives of this review were (i) to provide a new database in which detailed records of DNB from 62 countries are collated; (ii) to chart the current global distribution of D. septosporum and D. pini; (iii) to list all known host species and to consider their susceptibility globally; (iv) to collate the published results of provenance trials; and (v) to consider the effects of site factors on disease incidence and severity. The review shows that DNB occurs in 76 countries, with D. septosporum confirmed to occur in 44 and D. pini in 13. There are now 109 documented Pinaceae host taxa for Dothistroma species, spanning six genera (Abies, Cedrus, Larix, Picea, Pinus and Pseudotsuga), with Pinus being the dominant host genus, accounting for 95 host taxa. The relative susceptibilities of these hosts to Dothistroma species are reported, providing a resource to inform species choice in forest planting. Country records show that most DNB outbreaks in Europe occur on Pinus nigra and its subspecies. It is anticipated that the collaborative work described in this review will both underpin a broader global research strategy to manage DNB in the future and provide a model for the study of other forest pathogens.

Published
2016

18. Trend changes in sympatric Subantarctic and Antarctic fur seal pup populations at Marion Island, Southern Ocean

Author

Marie-Pierre Etienne, P J Nico de Bruyn, Mia Wege, Ryan R. Reisinger, W. Chris Oosthuizen, Marthán N Bester, Mammal Research Institute - Department Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA-Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Mammal Research Institut - Department Zoology and Entomology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Department of Science and Technology, through the National Research Foundation (NRF) Hanse-Wissenschaftskollege (Institute for Advanced Study), University of Pretoria [South Africa], and AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Sympatry, population estimate, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, sympatry, Population estimate, Marine mammal, Arctocephalus, Marion Island, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Subantarctic fur seal, Antarctic fur seal, density, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Foundation (engineering), biology.organism_classification, hierarchical Bayesian model, count, Sympatric speciation, detection probability, Fur seal
Abstract

Recent pup population estimates of sympatric Subantarctic (Arctocephalus tropicalis) and Antarctic fur seals (A. gazella) at Marion Island are presented. Published pup population estimates of A. tropicalis (1995 and 2004) with an unpublished total island count in 2013, and annual counts on subsets of rookeries (2007-2015) were analyzed using a hierarchical Bayesian model. The pup population declined by 46% (95% credible interval CI: 43%-48%) between 2004 (mean = 15,260, CI: 14,447-16,169 pups) and 2013 (mean = 8,312, CI: 7,983-8,697), mirrored by a 58%-60% decline at rookeries counted annually (2007-2015). Population decline was highest at high-density west and north coast rookeries, despite negligible change in female attendance patterns, pup mortality or median pupping date over the previous 25 yr. A better understanding of foraging behavior and its effects on reproductive success and survival in this A. tropicalis population is needed before we can attribute population decline to any external factors. In contrast, total island counts of A. gazella pups in 2007, 2010, and 2013, suggest that this population is still increasing although the annual intrinsic rate of population growth decreased from 17.0% (1995-2004, 744 pups) to 4.0% (2010-2013, 1,553 pups). The slowed growth of A. gazella is likely the result of saturation at the main rookery.

Published
2016

19. Farmers' knowledge and perception of grain legume pests and their management in the Eastern province of Kenya

Author

Hippolyte Affognon, Giovanna Tropea Garzia, Saliou Niassy, Thibaud Martin, Andnet Bayleyegn Abtew, Serge Kreiter, Sevgan Subramanian, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 103 HORTSYS), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Postgrad Sch Agr & Rural Dev, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Di3A, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), the African Union through the African Union Research Grant Contract no: AURG/108/2012, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics [Inde] (ICRISAT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Vulgarisation agricole, Biological pest control, 01 natural sciences, Protection des plantes, Méthode de lutte, Pest control methods, Agriculture durable, Légumineuse à grains, aphis craccivora, légumineuse à graines, Extension services, 2. Zero hunger, Pesticide mixtures, Ravageur des plantes, Agroforestry, Livelihood, Maruca vitrata, Crop Protection, Biology, Megalurothrips sjostedti, C20 - Vulgarisation, Lutte chimique, Farmer attitudes, business.industry, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, H10 - Ravageurs des plantes, Crop protection, Pesticide, 010602 entomology, Biopesticide, kenya, Sustainable management, Agriculture, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Grain legumes play an important role in community livelihood and in the national economy in Kenya. Unfortunately, in many African countries, production doesn't satisfy the demand in grains due to various constrains. Understanding farmers practices and behavior in the management of grain legume pests is a crucial step in the development of sustainable management strategies. A total of 216 farmers were surveyed in eight districts of eastern Kenya to evaluate farmers' knowledge and perceptions of grain legume pests; to examine current pest management practices, and to identify other production constraints. Grain legumes are grown by a wide age-group of farmers, with both genders equally represented. Chemical control remains the main pest management strategy, and, to ensure pesticide effectiveness, farmers also use increased application rates, chemical alternation, frequent application and mixtures of chemicals. While farmers used other control measures, they showed only limited interest in biological control. The majority of the farmers had experience in grain legume farming and were able to identify the major pests, which were the legume flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom, the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch and the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata Fabricius. Our survey revealed that education and proximity to extension services contributed significantly to farmers' knowledge of grain legume pests, suggesting the need to provide continuous training and capacity building on integrated pest management in grain legume farming. The study also suggests integration of other pest management strategies such as the use of early maturing varieties, biopesticides and biofertilizer to reduce the use of chemical for sustainable pest management.

Published
2016

20. Modelled impacts of extreme heat and drought on maize yield in South Africa

Author

Robert Mangani, Eyob Habte Tesfamariam, Gianni Bellocchi, Abubeker Hassen, Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), University of Pretoria [South Africa], and European Project: 613817,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,MODEXTREME(2013)

Subjects
systèmes de culture, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, European community, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Yield (finance), Climate change, Plant Science, Biology, indice de récolte, agriculture pluviale, 01 natural sciences, modélisation des cultures, Extreme heat, Rainfed agriculture, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, événements extrêmes, business.industry, Crop yield, Simulation modeling, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, sécurité alimentaire, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Climatology, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

International audience; This study assessed two versions of the crop model CropSyst (i.e. EMS, existing; MMS, modified) for their ability to simulate maize (Zea mays L.) yield in South Africa. MMS algorithms explicitly account for the impact of extreme weather events (droughts, heat waves, cold shocks, frost) on leaf development and yield formation. The case study of this research was at an experimental station near Johannesburg where both versions of the model were calibrated and validated by using field data collected from 2004 to 2008. The comparison of EMS and MMS showed considerable difference between the two model versions during extreme drought and heat events. MMS improved grain-yield prediction by similar to 30% compared with EMS, demonstrating a better ability to capture the behaviour of stressed crops under a range of conditions. MMS also showed a greater variability in response when both versions were forced with scenarios of projected climate change, with increased severity of drought and increased temperature conditions at the horizons 2030 and 2050, which could drive decreased maize yield. Yield was even lower with MMS (8 v. 11 t ha(-1) for EMS) at the horizon 2050, relative to the baseline scenario (similar to 13 t ha(-1) at the horizon 2000). Modelling solutions accounting for the impact of extreme weather events can be seen as a promising tool for supporting agricultural management strategies and policy decisions in South Africa and globally.

Published
2018

21. Erratum to 'From lateral root density to nodule number, the strigolactone analogue GR24 shapes the root architecture of medicago truncatula' (vol 66, pg 137, 2015)

Author

De Cuyper, Carolien, FROMENTIN, Justine, Yocgo, Rosita Endah, De Keyser, Annick, Guillotin, Bruno, Kunert, Karl, Boyer, Francois, Goormachtig, Sofie, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Plant Sciences Department, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
ENOD11, GR24, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ethylene, nodulation, medicago truncatula, root architecture
Abstract

Erratum to http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/279289; Erratum to "From lateral root density to nodule number, the strigolactone analogue GR24 shapes the root architecture of [i]medicago truncatula[/i]" (vol 66, pg 137, 2015)

Published
2015

22. A SNP-based consensus genetic map for synteny-based trait targeting in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

Author

Douglas Hobbs, Francis C. Ogbonnaya, Frederick L. Stoddard, Khalil Khamassi, Jane Thomas, Mark White, Krystyna Gostkiewicz, Fouad Maalouf, Hamid Khazaei, Wolfgang Link, Amanda Cottage, Donal M. O'Sullivan, Gérard Duc, Mohamed B. Ali, Daniel Street, Thomas A. Wood, Anne Webb, Webb, Anne, Cottage, Amanda, O'Sullivan, Donal M., National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Natl Inst Agr Bot, Cambridge, England, Partenaires INRAE, Pgro Research Ltd, Department of Agricultural Sciences, The Royal Veterinary ans Agricultural University, Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Assiut University, Laboratory of the Government Chemist, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas [Syrie] (ICARDA), Grains Research and Development Corporation, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading (UOR), Defra Pulse Crop Genetic Improvement Network and Technology Strategy Board [TS/I001301], Department of Food and Nutrition, Legume science, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Plant Production Sciences, and Crop Science Research Group

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Genetic Linkage, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], DIVERSITY, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Genome, faba bean, MARKERS, single nucleotide polymorphism, Medicago, Inbreeding, legume, KASP genotyping, synteny, Research Articles, Genetics, biology, CONSTRUCTION, food and beverages, Chromosome Mapping, 414 Agricultural biotechnology, Vicia faba, GENOME, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Lens Plant, Genome, Plant, Biotechnology, Research Article, Quantitative Trait Loci, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, QTLS, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Consensus Sequence, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Gene, WD40 REPEAT PROTEIN, Genetic Association Studies, Synteny, IDENTIFICATION, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Chromosome, Reproducibility of Results, biology.organism_classification, ASCOCHYTA BLIGHT RESISTANCE, 030104 developmental biology, DISCOVERY, ANTHOCYANIN, Transcriptome, Agronomy and Crop Science, Tannins, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a globally important nitrogen-fixing legume, which is widely grown in a diverse range of environments. In this work, we mine and validate a set of 845 SNPs from the aligned transcriptomes of two contrasting inbred lines. Each V. faba SNP is assigned by BLAST analysis to a single Medicago orthologue. This set of syntenically anchored polymorphisms were then validated as individual KASP assays, classified according to their informativeness and performance on a panel of 37 inbred lines, and the best performing 757 markers used to genotype six mapping populations. The six resulting linkage maps were merged into a single consensus map on which 687 SNPs were placed on six linkage groups, each presumed to correspond to one of the six V. faba chromosomes. This sequence-based consensus map was used to explore synteny with the most closely-related crop species, lentil, and the most closely related fully sequenced genome, Medicago. Large tracts of uninterrupted colinearity were found between faba bean and Medicago, making it relatively straightforward to predict gene content and order in mapped genetic interval. As a demonstration of this, we mapped a flower colour gene to a 2 cM interval of Vf chromosome 2 which was highly collinear with Mt3. The obvious candidate gene from 77 gene models in the collinear Medicago chromosome segment was the previously characterized MtWD40-1 gene (Mt3g092830, Mt3g092840) controlling anthocyanin production in Medicago and re-sequencing of the Vf orthologue showed a putative causative deletion of the entire 5’ end of the gene.

Published
2014

23. Mitochondrial succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase of the γ-aminobutyrate shunt is required to restrict levels of reactive oxygen intermediates in plants

Author

Hillel Fromm, Nicolas Bouché, Aaron Fait, David Bouchez, Simon Geir Møller, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Biology, University of Leicester, Department of Plant Sciences, Tel Aviv University (TAU), University of Pretoria (UPSpace), and Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv]

Subjects
métabolisme mitochondrial, GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRATE, Mutant, Glutamate decarboxylase, Arabidopsis, résistance au stress, glutamate, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Mitochondrion, gamma-Aminobutyric acid, procaryote, GABA transaminase, développement de la plante, MUTANT SSADH-1, medicine, mutant, succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, SSADH, métabolisme, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, DNA Primers, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, Multidisciplinary, Base Sequence, ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA, eucaryote, stress oxydatif, Biological Sciences, Aldehyde Oxidoreductases, Mitochondria, Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, Citric acid cycle, phénotype, Metabolic pathway, Biochemistry, mitochondrie, plante, Mutation, génotype, métabolisme du gaba, Succinate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase, medicine.drug
Abstract

The γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) shunt is a metabolic pathway that bypasses two steps of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and it is present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In plants the pathway is composed of the calcium/calmodulin-regulated cytosolic enzyme glutamate decarboxylase and the mitochondrial enzymes GABA transaminase and succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH). The activity of the GABA shunt in plants is rapidly enhanced in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However the physiological role of this pathway remains obscure. To elucidate its role in plants, we analyzed Arabidopsis T-DNA knockout mutants of SSADH, the ultimate enzyme of the pathway. Four alleles of the ssadh mutation were isolated, and these exhibited a similar phenotype. When exposed to white light (100 μmol of photons per m 2 per s), they appear dwarfed with necrotic lesions. Detailed spectrum analysis revealed that UV-B has the most adverse effect on the mutant phenotype, whereas photosynthetic active range light has a very little effect. The ssadh mutants are also sensitive to heat, as they develop necrosis when submitted to such stress. Moreover, both UV and heat cause a rapid increase in the levels of hydrogen peroxide in the ssadh mutants, which is associated with enhanced cell death. Surprisingly, our study also shows that trichomes are hypersensitive to stresses in ssadh mutants. Our work establishes a role for the GABA shunt in preventing the accumulation of reactive oxygen intermediates and cell death, which appears to be essential for plant defense against environmental stress.

Published
2003

24. Ultra-compact capacitively loaded evanescent half-mode SIW filters for LTE applications

Author

Kaynak, Mehmet, Blondy, Pierre, Stander, Tinus, Sinha, saurabh, IHP Frankfurt, Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics (IHP), MINACOM (XLIM-MINACOM), XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Pretoria (UPSpace), and University of Illinois System

Subjects
[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics
Abstract

International audience; Abstract This paper presents a novel miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide filter by combining both half-mode resonators and capacitive loading on a conventional two-layer printed circuit board (PCB) process. The resulting synthesis is successfully demonstrated in an long-term evolution application by means of a third-order filter of< 225 mm2 in size while featuring 2.3 dB insertion loss over a 5.5% fractional bandwidth at 3.7 GHz. Good first-iteration agreement between simulated and measured results, both in center frequency ...

Published
2014

25. Effect of overreaching on cognitive performance and related cardiac autonomic control

Author

Dupuy, O., Lussier, M., Fraser, S., Bherer, L., Audiffren, M., Bosquet, L., Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Laboratoire d'Analyse de la Performance Motrice Humaine (LAPMH - EA 2253), Université de Poitiers, and Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) (MOVE)

Subjects
[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology
Abstract

International audience; The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of a 2‐week overload period immediately followed by a 1‐week taper period on different cognitive processes including executive and nonexecutive functions, and related heart rate variability. Eleven male endurance athletes increased their usual training volume by 100% for 2 weeks, and decreased it by 50% for 1 week. A maximal graded test, a constant speed test at 85% of peak treadmill speed, and a Stroop task with the measurement of heart rate variability were performed at each period. All participants were considered as overreached. We found a moderate increase in the overall reaction time to the three conditions of the Stroop task after the overload period (816 ± 83 vs 892 ± 117 ms, P = 0.03) followed by a return to baseline after the taper period (820 ± 119 ms, P = 0.013). We found no association between cognitive performance and cardiac parasympathetic control at baseline, and no association between changes in these measures. Our findings clearly underscore the relevance of cognitive performance in the monitoring of overreaching in endurance athletes. However, contrary to our hypothesis, we did not find any relationship between executive performance and cardiac parasympathetic control.

Published
2014

26. Report on model-data comparison and improved model parameterisation

Author

Barioni, Luis Gustavo, Bellocchi, Gianni, Ben Touhami, Haythem, Conant, Rich, Chang, Jinfeng, Pereira Coltri, Priscilla, Hassen, Abubeker, Martin, Raphaël, Silvestri, Silvia, Sicerly, Jason, Tesfamariam, Eyob H., Viovy, Nicolas, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), UR 0874 Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP)-Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), International Livestock Research Institute, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), CEPAGRI, UNICAMP, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Absent, Contrat : FP7-266018, Financement : UE, Superviseur : Gianni Bellocchi, Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine, Date de signature : 2011-03-01, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP), Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), and University of Pretoria [South Africa]

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, changement climatique, fourrage, comparaison de modèles, prairie, forage, parametrization, paramétrisation, productivité, data, sense organs, grassland, donnée, global change
Abstract

The goal of task 4.4 of AnimalChange project is to improve a range of models used to assess climate change impacts on the productivity of pastures, feeding crops and animals.

Published
2014

27. In memoriam - John M. Young (1942-2013)

Author

Y. Takikawa, Giuseppe Firrao, X. Li, Teresa A. Coutinho, Timothy P. Denny, Marco Scortichini, Fischer-Le Saux M, Carolee T. Bull, D.E. Stead, G. S. Saddler, Agricultural Research Service, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), University of Georgia [USA], Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Scottish Agricultural College, Istituto sperimentale per la Frutticoltura, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Food and Environment Research Agency, University of Shizuoka, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Xanthomonas, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Agrobacterium, General Medicine, History, 20th Century, Biology, History, 21st Century, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Pseudomonas, Terminology as Topic, Theology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Plant Diseases, Rhizobium, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

absent

Published
2014

28. Report on grassland ecosystem manipulation experiments

Author

Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Finn, John, Suter, Matthias, Nagy, Zoltan, Diop, Amadou, Fisher, Felicia, Talore, Deribe G., UR 0874 Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP)-Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Agroscope, Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Agricultural University of Gödöllô, International Star Riders Association (ISRA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Absent, Contrat : FP7-266018, Financement : UE, Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine, Date de signature : 2011-03-01, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, prairie, manipulation expérimentale, grassland, écosystème prairial
Abstract

We report information and preliminary results on grassland ecosystem manipulation experiments located inside and outside Europe. Five sites of seven have manipulated rainfall in field conditions, one site has manipulated atmospheric CO2, and one site has manipulated atmospheric CO2 in combination with temperature and rainfall. The three sites located outside of Europe (Brazil, Senegal, South Africa) had set up new field experiments during the course of Animal Change project with a new design of shelters allowing partial interception of rainfall. This report synthetises information given by each principal investigator during a workshop organised before the 3rd annual meeting of Animal Change in Madrid. In Ireland and Switzerland, rainfall was totally intercepted during 10 weeks in Summer time on 15 mixtures (1, 2, 4 species) of four agriculturally relevant species. In Senegal, South Africa and Brazil, new experiments were setup with the same shelter design in order to intercept fraction of rain during the growing season. For these three sites, arid, semi-arid and tropical grasslands were studied, respectively. In Hungary and France, other climate change drivers, atmospheric CO2, air temperature and rainfall were also manipulated in more controlled conditions on perennial grassland vegetation. Preliminary results showed that in moderate drought conditions occurring in Switzerland, legumes and deep rooted species performed better than grasses and shallow rooted ones. Whereas in Ireland as more severe drought conditions occurred this pattern was not observed. For the three experiments located outside Europe, % of precipitationsinterception ranged between 15 to 75%. In semi-arid climatic conditions, interception of up to 50% of recipitations during 5 months had no effect on production. But when vegetation received only 25% of the rainfall, a decline of production was observed. In this ecosystem, changes of phytomass were explained by climatic stress index like precipitations – potential evapotranspiration (P – PET). In subtropical climatic conditions encountered in South Africa, reduction of precipitation had a strong negative (-49%) effect on herbage yield in January and February, however in November, only about 19% of rainfall intercepted induced the same effect. These results stressed vulnerability of the semi-arid grassland that has been detected from about 19% of rainfall interception in November. In Brazil, the experiment has been setup and the shelters tested in 2014. Rainfall are intercepted and added in order to simulate climate scenario for the southern Brazilian region, with some regional models predicting increase, others decrease in precipitation. Overall, preliminary results observed for the different sites emphasised potential changes of grassland production and forage quality induced by changes in precipitation for different climatic zone areas. However, sites comparison will be possible when climatic and grassland production data will be available for all sites.

Published
2014

29. A novel family of calmodulin-binding transcription activators in multicellular organisms

Author

Hillel Fromm, Ariel Scharlat, Nicolas Bouché, David Bouchez, Wayne A. Snedden, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Leeds, Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Department of Biology, Universita degli Studi di Padova, School of Biology, Department of Plant Sciences, and Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv]

Subjects
Insecta, Transcription, Genetic, Amino Acid Motifs, Arabidopsis, membrane de plasma, Immunoglobulin domain, Biochemistry, Chromatography, Affinity, régulation, Transcription (biology), Cloning, Molecular, Peptide sequence, Conserved Sequence, Phylogeny, Glutathione Transferase, Genetics, DOMAINE, SITE, Cell biology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Databases as Topic, Multigene Family, plante, Drosophila, Repressor lexA, expression des gènes, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction, Transcriptional Activation, DNA, Complementary, Calmodulin, Molecular Sequence Data, glutamate, Biology, Cell Line, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, décarboxylase, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, camta, Caenorhabditis elegans, Molecular Biology, Transcription factor, Gene, Gene Library, Cell Nucleus, calcium, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Models, Genetic, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, arabidopsis thaliana, Cell Biology, DNA, beta-Galactosidase, séquence de protéines, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Kinetics, biology.protein, boucle, Ankyrin repeat, Peptides, génome humain
Abstract

Screening of cDNA expression libraries derived from plants exposed to stress, with35S-labeled recombinant calmodulin as a probe, revealed a new family of proteins containing a transcription activation domain and two types of DNA-binding domains designated the CG-1 domain and the transcription factor immunoglobulin domain, ankyrin repeats, and a varying number of IQ calmodulin-binding motifs. Based on domain organization and amino acid sequence comparisons, similar proteins, with the same domain organization, were identified in the genomes of other multicellular organisms including human,Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis, whereas none were found in the complete genomes of single cell eukaryotes and prokaryotes. This family of proteins was designated calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs). Arabidopsis thalianacontains six CAMTA genes (AtCAMTA1–AtCAMTA6). The transcription activation domain of AtCAMTA1 was mapped by testing a series of protein fusions with the DNA-binding domain of the bacterial LexA transcription factor and two reporter genes fused to LexA recognition sequences in yeast cells. Two human proteins designated HsCAMTA1 and HsCAMTA2 were also shown to activate transcription in yeast using the same reporter system. Subcellular fractionation ofArabidopsis tissues revealed the presence of CAMTAs predominantly in the nucleus. Calmodulin binding assays identified a region of 25 amino acids capable of binding calmodulin with high affinity (K d = 1.2 nm) in the presence of calcium. We suggest that CAMTAs comprise a conserved family of transcription factors in a wide range of multicellular eukaryotes, which possibly respond to calcium signaling by direct binding of calmodulin.

Published
2002

30. The KnownLeaf literature curation system captures knowledge about Arabidopsis leaf growth and development and facilitates integrated data mining

Author

Stefanie De Bodt, Yves Van de Peer, Sara Jover-Gil, José Luis Micol, Jesper T. Gronlund, Richard G. H. Immink, Katja Baerenfaller, Sofie Van Landeghem, Gerco C. Angenent, Rubén Casanova-Sáez, Wilhelm Gruissem, Vicky Buchanan-Wollaston, Dóra Szakonyi, Pierre Hilson, Lieven Baeyens, Aalt D. J. van Dijk, Jonas Blomme, David Wilson-Sánchez, Fabio Fiorani, Asuka Kuwabara, Sean Walsh, David Esteve-Bruna, Nathalie Gonzalez, Tamara Muñoz-Nortes, Dirk Inzé, Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández [Elche] (UMH), Warwick Systems Biology Centre, and School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Plant Research International, Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), Genomics Research Institute (GRI), University of Pretoria (UPSpace), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR)

Subjects
EXPRESSION, Leaf growth, INFORMATION, Relational database, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Context (language use), Plant Science, Scientific literature, computer.software_genre, Biochemistry, Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris, TEXT, Open Biomedical Ontologies, Consistency (database systems), BIOS Applied Bioinformatics, lcsh:Botany, Genetics, Laboratorium voor Moleculaire Biologie, TOOL, BIOS Plant Development Systems, Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Literature curation, Data integration, Data curation, PLANT ONTOLOGY, Biology and Life Sciences, Cell Biology, 15. Life on land, Data science, GENE, lcsh:QK1-989, PROTEIN INTERACTIONS, Data sharing, DIFFERENTIATION, MAINTENANCE, Data mining, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, computer, Developmental Biology, GENERATION
Abstract

The information that connects genotypes and phenotypes is essentially embedded in research articles written in natural language. To facilitate access to this knowledge, we constructed a framework for the curation of the scientific literature studying the molecular mechanisms that control leaf growth and development in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). Standard structured statements, called relations, were designed to capture diverse data types, including phenotypes and gene expression linked to genotype description, growth conditions, genetic and molecular interactions, and details about molecular entities. Relations were then annotated from the literature, defining the relevant terms according to standard biomedical ontologies. This curation process was supported by a dedicated graphical user interface, called Leaf Knowtator. A total of 283 primary research articles were curated by a community of annotators, yielding 9947 relations monitored for consistency and over 12,500 references to Arabidopsis genes. This information was converted into a relational database (KnownLeaf) and merged with other public Arabidopsis resources relative to transcriptional networks, protein–protein interaction, gene co-expression, and additional molecular annotations. Within KnownLeaf, leaf phenotype data can be searched together with molecular data originating either from this curation initiative or from external public resources. Finally, we built a network (LeafNet) with a portion of the KnownLeaf database content to graphically represent the leaf phenotype relations in a molecular context, offering an intuitive starting point for knowledge mining. Literature curation efforts such as ours provide high quality structured information accessible to computational analysis, and thereby to a wide range of applications., Current Plant Biology, 2, ISSN:2214-6628

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