Author: "University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC)" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC)"' showing total 37 results

Start Over Author "University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC)"

37 results on '"University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC)"'

1. Early-Stage Construct Development Practices in IS Research: A 2000-2020 Review

Author: Pillet, Jean-Charles, Vitari, Claudio, London, Jackie, Matthews, Kevin, Toulouse Business School (TBS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Loyola University [Maryland, Baltimore], University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), and University of North Carolina System (UNC)
Subjects: systematic review, introspective, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, methodologies, construct development process
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

2. Origin and fate of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the Kerguelen Islands region (Southern Ocean) in late summer

Author: Marine Remize, Frédéric Planchon, Ai Ning Loh, Fabienne Le Grand, Antoine Bideau, Eleonora Puccinelli, Aswani Volety, Philippe Soudant, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Elon University [NC, USA], Isblue, and ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017)
Subjects: Diatoms, Heterotrophic interactions, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Phytoplankton diversity, Fatty acid export, Nutritional quality, Aquatic Science, Vertical distribution, Oceanography, Essential fatty acids, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are molecules produced at the basis of marine food webs and essential for ecosystem functioning. This study reports detailed fatty acid (FA) composition including the two LC-PUFA 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, in suspended organic matter (SPOM) from the upper 300 m collected in the Kerguelen Island region in the Southern Ocean during the post-bloom period (February–March 2018; project MOBYDICK). FA profiles were largely dominated by PUFA (53–69% of Total Fatty Acid, TFA) regardless of stations and among PUFA, proportions of LC-PUFA were especially high, making up 27–44% of TFA both in the ML and upper mesopelagic. 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 co-occurred in the ML as a result of the post-bloom phytoplankton community showing a mixed composition dominated by small size phytoplankton (prymnesiophytes and prasinophytes) supplying 22:6n-3, and with diatoms in lower proportions supplying 20:5n-3. Elevated levels of LC-PUFA were observed both inside the iron-fertilized area on the Kerguelen Plateau and downstream, and outside in High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll waters located upstream of the Plateau, and appeared unrelated to site. In the upper mesopelagic, both LC-PUFA were maintained at high relative proportions suggesting an efficient and possibly fast vertical transfer from the surface. Transfer with depth seems to proceed via distinct pathways according to LC-PUFA. 20:5n-3 may be exported along with diatoms, presumably in the form of large intact cells, aggregates as well as resting spores. For 22:6n-3, transfer may involve a channeling through the heterotrophic food web resulting in its association with fecal material at depth. Channeling of 22:6n-3 could involve heterotrophic protists such as dinoflagellates and ciliates grazing on small phytoplankton, as well as larger zooplankton such as copepods and salps, possibly feeding on microzooplankton and producing fecal pellets rich in 22:6n-3. According to LC-PUFA content, SPOM present throughout the upper water column (0–300 m) appeared of high nutritional quality both on- and off-plateau, and represented a valuable source of food for secondary consumers and suspension feeders.
Published: 2022

3. Rapid protein evolution, organellar reductions, and invasive intronic elements in the marine aerobic parasite dinoflagellate Amoebophrya spp

Author: Thierry Tonon, Patrick Wincker, Corinne Da Silva, Tristan Barbeyron, Tsinda Rukwavu, Jeremy Szymczak, Benjamin Noel, Ruibo Cai, Stephane Rombauts, Adriana Alberti, Erwan Corre, Catharina Alves-de-Souza, Ehsan Kayal, Laure Guillou, Florian Maumus, Karine Labadie, Estelle Bigeard, Pierre Rouzé, Benjamin Istace, Sarah Farhat, Jean-Marc Aury, Phuong Le, Yves Van de Peer, Isabelle Florent, Dominique Marie, Betina M. Porcel, Jonathan Mercier, Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences [Stony Brook] (SoMAS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Center for Plant Systems Biology (PSB Center), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie [Ghent, Belgique] (VIB), ABiMS - Informatique et bioinformatique = Analysis and Bioinformatics for Marine Science (FR2424), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ECOlogy of MArine Plankton (ECOMAP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of York [York, UK], University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology [Pretoria], University of Pretoria [South Africa], ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) Grant ANR-14-CE02-0007 HAPAR, the CEA and the Région Bretagne (RC doctoral grant ARED PARASITE 9450 and EK postdoctoral grant SAD HAPAR 9229), and the CNRS (X-life SEAgOInG)., ANR-14-CE02-0007,HAPAR,Le paradoxe de la spécialisation chez un parasite de microalgues responsables de marées rouges(2014), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ABiMS - Informatique et bioinformatique = Analysis and Bioinformatics for Marine Science (ABIMS), Fédération de recherche de Roscoff (FR2424), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Subjects: APICOMPLEXAN, Physiology, Protozoan Proteins, DIVERSITY, Plant Science, Genome, MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES, 0302 clinical medicine, Structural Biology, lcsh:QH301-705.5, GENE-EXPRESSION, Introner elements, 0303 health sciences, Non-canonical introns, biology, Ecology, Dinoflagellate, Biological Evolution, DNA TRANSPOSONS, Parasite, ALIGNMENT, Dinoflagellida, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Dinophyceae, Research Article, Biotechnology, Transposable element, Evolution, Genetics and Molecular Biology, SEQUENCE, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, REPEAT TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS, Behavior and Systematics, Gene family, OPEN SOFTWARE, 14. Life underwater, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Synteny, Organelles, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Base Sequence, IDENTIFICATION, Intron, Biology and Life Sciences, Cell Biology, DNA, Protozoan, biology.organism_classification, Introns, lcsh:Biology (General), Evolutionary biology, General Biochemistry, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Background Dinoflagellates are aquatic protists particularly widespread in the oceans worldwide. Some are responsible for toxic blooms while others live in symbiotic relationships, either as mutualistic symbionts in corals or as parasites infecting other protists and animals. Dinoflagellates harbor atypically large genomes (~ 3 to 250 Gb), with gene organization and gene expression patterns very different from closely related apicomplexan parasites. Here we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of two early-diverging and co-occurring parasitic dinoflagellate Amoebophrya strains, to shed light on the emergence of such atypical genomic features, dinoflagellate evolution, and host specialization. Results We sequenced, assembled, and annotated high-quality genomes for two Amoebophrya strains (A25 and A120), using a combination of Illumina paired-end short-read and Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) MinION long-read sequencing approaches. We found a small number of transposable elements, along with short introns and intergenic regions, and a limited number of gene families, together contribute to the compactness of the Amoebophrya genomes, a feature potentially linked with parasitism. While the majority of Amoebophrya proteins (63.7% of A25 and 59.3% of A120) had no functional assignment, we found many orthologs shared with Dinophyceae. Our analyses revealed a strong tendency for genes encoded by unidirectional clusters and high levels of synteny conservation between the two genomes despite low interspecific protein sequence similarity, suggesting rapid protein evolution. Most strikingly, we identified a large portion of non-canonical introns, including repeated introns, displaying a broad variability of associated splicing motifs never observed among eukaryotes. Those introner elements appear to have the capacity to spread over their respective genomes in a manner similar to transposable elements. Finally, we confirmed the reduction of organelles observed in Amoebophrya spp., i.e., loss of the plastid, potential loss of a mitochondrial genome and functions. Conclusion These results expand the range of atypical genome features found in basal dinoflagellates and raise questions regarding speciation and the evolutionary mechanisms at play while parastitism was selected for in this particular unicellular lineage.
Published: 2021

4. Ecological and socioeconomic factors associated with the human burden of environmentally mediated pathogens: a global analysis

Author: Susanne H Sokolow, Nicole Nova, Isabel J Jones, Chelsea L Wood, Kevin D Lafferty, Andres Garchitorena, Skylar R Hopkins, Andrea J Lund, Andrew J MacDonald, Christopher LeBoa, Alison J Peel, Erin A Mordecai, Meghan E Howard, Julia C Buck, David Lopez-Carr, Michele Barry, Matthew H Bonds, Giulio A De Leo, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Hopkins Marine Station [Stanford], School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences (University of Washington), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM), North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Department of Biology [Stanford], Centre for planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), Department of Global Health and Social Medicine [Boston, MA,USA], and Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)
Subjects: Health (social science), Socioeconomic Factors, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Medicine (miscellaneous), Humans, COVID-19, Global Health, Communicable Diseases, United States, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Global Burden of Disease
Abstract: Billions of people living in poverty are at risk of environmentally mediated infectious diseases-that is, pathogens with environmental reservoirs that affect disease persistence and control and where environmental control of pathogens can reduce human risk. The complex ecology of these diseases creates a global health problem not easily solved with medical treatment alone.We quantified the current global disease burden caused by environmentally mediated infectious diseases and used a structural equation model to explore environmental and socioeconomic factors associated with the human burden of environmentally mediated pathogens across all countries.We found that around 80% (455 of 560) of WHO-tracked pathogen species known to infect humans are environmentally mediated, causing about 40% (129 488 of 359 341 disability-adjusted life years) of contemporary infectious disease burden (global loss of 130 million years of healthy life annually). The majority of this environmentally mediated disease burden occurs in tropical countries, and the poorest countries carry the highest burdens across all latitudes. We found weak associations between disease burden and biodiversity or agricultural land use at the global scale. In contrast, the proportion of people with rural poor livelihoods in a country was a strong proximate indicator of environmentally mediated infectious disease burden. Political stability and wealth were associated with improved sanitation, better health care, and lower proportions of rural poverty, indirectly resulting in lower burdens of environmentally mediated infections. Rarely, environmentally mediated pathogens can evolve into global pandemics (eg, HIV, COVID-19) affecting even the wealthiest communities.The high and uneven burden of environmentally mediated infections highlights the need for innovative social and ecological interventions to complement biomedical advances in the pursuit of global health and sustainability goals.Billamp; Melinda Gates Foundation, National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Stanford University, and the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Published: 2021

5. Conditional specification of endomesoderm

Author: David R. McClay, Jacob F. Warner, Jenifer C. Croce, Duke University [Durham], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), and University of North Carolina System (UNC)
Subjects: Mesoderm, animal structures, Germ layer, Biology, Hemichordate, Models, Biological, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Endomesoderm, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Zebrafish, Transcription factor, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Body Patterning, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Endoderm, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sea Urchins, embryonic structures, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Signal Transduction, Developmental Biology, Definitive endoderm
Abstract: Early in animal development many cells are conditionally specified based on observations that those cells can be directed toward alternate fates. The endomesoderm is so named because early specification produces cells that often have been observed to simultaneously express both early endoderm and mesoderm transcription factors. Experiments with these cells demonstrate that their progeny can directed entirely toward endoderm or mesoderm, whereas normally they establish both germ layers. This review examines the mechanisms that initiate the conditional endomesoderm state, its metastability, and the mechanisms that resolve that state into definitive endoderm and mesoderm.
Published: 2021

6. De novo and inherited variants in ZNF292 underlie a neurodevelopmental disorder with features of autism spectrum disorder

Author: Jonathan A. Bernstein, Leah J. Rowe, Kimberly Foss, Samin A. Sajan, Kun Xia, Juliane Hoyer, Anita E. Beck, Shayna Svihovec, Vincent Gatinois, Lance H. Rodan, Roksana Sasanfar, Christiane Zweier, Alban Ziegler, Sonal Mahida, Kristin G. Monaghan, Charlotte W. Ockeloen, André Reis, Milen Velinov, Janson White, Evan E. Eichler, Nasim Vasli, Jennifer Friedman, Constance Smith-Hicks, Gilles Morin, Rachel Westman, Sandra Yang, Joshua Scheck, Christian Thiel, John B. Vincent, Deborah A. Nickerson, Michelle E. Ernst, Jacqueline Harris, Natasha Zeid, Bernt Popp, Francesca Mattioli, Zehra Agha, Ellen van Binsbergen, Julian A. Martinez-Agosto, Karen W. Gripp, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Lori-Anne Schillaci, Jennefer N. Kohler, Kimberly A. Aldinger, Laurence J. Walsh, Jessica X. Chong, David Geneviève, Rami Abou Jamra, Amy Yang, Cigdem I. Akman, Sha Tang, Ricardo Harripaul, Rick Person, Marleen Simon, Hui Guo, Muhammad Ayub, Laura S. Farach, Patricia Blanchet, Austin Larson, Marie Vincent, Luis Rohena, Michael J. Bamshad, Raheel Qamar, Gregory M. Enns, Joshua Rotenberg, Katelyn Payne, William J. Sunderland, Anne C.-H. Tsai, Annika M. Dries, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Dominique Bonneau, Ghayda M. Mirzaa, Bénédicte Gérard, Elise Schaefer, Amélie Piton, Patricia G Wheeler, Division of Medical Genetics [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Détoxication et réparation tissulaire, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Center for Integrative Brain Research [Seattle, WA, USA], University of Washington [Seattle]-Seattle Children's Research Institute, Central South University [Changsha], Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Center for Integrative Brain Research, Ambry Genetics [Aliso Viejo, CA, USA], China Agricultural University (CAU), Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Kennedy Krieger Institute [Baltimore], Institute of Human Genetics [Erlangen, Allemagne], Universität Leipzig, Yale University [New Haven], Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), McGovern Medical School [Houston, Texas], Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indiana University System, Indiana University [South Bend], The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University [New York], Service de génétique médicale, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg, Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Stanford University School of Medicine [CA, USA], Memorial Hermann Heart and Vascular Institute [Houston, TX, USA], University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Department of Pediatrics [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), School of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Bern], University of Bern, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), Signal Processing Lab [Boise - Idaho], Boise State University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center (CLEVELAND - UHCMC), University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Department of Psychology [University North Carolina Wilmington], University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service d'hématologie et immunologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Unité de génétique médicale et oncogénétique [CHU Amiens Picardie], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Institut d'histoire du temps présent (IHTP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] (UMASS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Department of Molecular Genetics [Toronto], University of Toronto, GeneDx [Gaithersburg, MD, USA], Department of Genome Sciences [Seattle] (GS), Department of Pediatrics [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford University, University of California (UC), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology [Islamabad] (CIIT), Boston Children's Hospital, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Department of Psychiatry, Seattle University [Seattle], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Pediatrics [san Diego], UC San Diego School of Medicine, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and University of California
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Male, Adolescent, Autism Spectrum Disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neuroimaging, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Neurodevelopmental disorder, ZNF292, Intellectual disability, mental disorders, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Child, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genetics, Zinc finger, next generation sequencing, Genetic heterogeneity, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, medicine.disease, Phenotype, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Child, Preschool, next-generation sequencing, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Carrier Proteins, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9]
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 218267.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) PURPOSE: Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are genetically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. We sought to delineate the clinical, molecular, and neuroimaging spectrum of a novel neurodevelopmental disorder caused by variants in the zinc finger protein 292 gene (ZNF292). METHODS: We ascertained a cohort of 28 families with ID due to putatively pathogenic ZNF292 variants that were identified via targeted and exome sequencing. Available data were analyzed to characterize the canonical phenotype and examine genotype-phenotype relationships. RESULTS: Probands presented with ID as well as a spectrum of neurodevelopmental features including ASD, among others. All ZNF292 variants were de novo, except in one family with dominant inheritance. ZNF292 encodes a highly conserved zinc finger protein that acts as a transcription factor and is highly expressed in the developing human brain supporting its critical role in neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: De novo and dominantly inherited variants in ZNF292 are associated with a range of neurodevelopmental features including ID and ASD. The clinical spectrum is broad, and most individuals present with mild to moderate ID with or without other syndromic features. Our results suggest that variants in ZNF292 are likely a recurrent cause of a neurodevelopmental disorder manifesting as ID with or without ASD.
Published: 2019

7. Ecological network analysis metrics: The need for an entire ecosystem approach in management and policy

Author: Matthias Wolff, Brian D. Fath, Ulrike Schückel, Ragnhild Asmus, Victor N. de Jonge, Stuart R. Borrett, Ursula M. Scharler, Alessandro Ludovisi, Harald Asmus, Dan Baird, Nathalie Niquil, Towson University [Towson, MD, United States], University of Maryland System, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), University of Stellenbosch Business School [Cape Town] (USB ), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of Hull [United Kingdom], Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of KwaZulu-Natal [Durban, Afrique du Sud] (UKZN), Landesbetrieb für Küstenschutz, Nationalpark und Meeresschutz Schleswig-Holstein [Husum, Allemagne] (LKN.SH), Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), and University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, State variable, Index (economics), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Ecological network analysis, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Marine and coastal environment, Ecosystem approach, Trophic length, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, Cycling, Food web, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Average path length, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Metric (unit), [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we identified seven ecological network analysis (ENA) metrics that, in our opinion, have high potential to provide useful and practical information for environmental decision-makers and stakeholders. Measurement and quantification of the network indicators requires that an ecosystem level assessment is implemented. The ENA metrics convey the status of the ecological system state variables, and mostly, the flows and relations between the various nodes of the network. The seven metrics are: 1) Average Path Length (APL), 2) Finn Cycling Index (FCI), 3) Mean Trophic level (MTL), 4) Detritivory to Herbivory ratio (D:H), 5) Keystoneness, 6) Structural Information (SI), and 7) Flow-based Information indices. The procedure for calculating each metric is detailed along with a short evaluation of their potential assessment of environmental status.
Published: 2019

8. Role of silicon in the development of complex crystal shapes in coccolithophores

Author: Charlotte E. Walker, Glenn M. Harper, Alison Taylor, Erin M. Meyer, Oz Ben Joseph, Assaf Gal, Glen L. Wheeler, Colin Brownlee, Ian Probert, Gerald Langer, Marine Biological Association, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Plymouth University, Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Southampton
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Silicon, Physiology, Coccolithophore, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Morphogenesis, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Calcium Carbonate, Carbon Cycle, Coccolith, Crystal, calcification, 03 medical and health sciences, Calcification, Physiologic, evolution, coccolithophore, 14. Life underwater, biology, Chemistry, Haptophyta, silicon, biology.organism_classification, biomineralization, 030104 developmental biology, Biophysics, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biomineralization, coccolith
Abstract: International audience; The development of calcification by the coccolithophores had a profound impact on ocean carbon cycling, but the evolutionary steps leading to the formation of these complex biomineralized structures are not clear. Heterococcoliths consisting of intricately shaped calcite crystals are formed intracellularly by the diploid life cycle phase. Holococcoliths consisting of simple rhombic crystals can be produced by the haploid life cycle stage but are thought to be formed extracellularly, representing an independent evolutionary origin of calcification. We use advanced microscopy techniques to determine the nature of coccolith formation and complex crystal formation in coccolithophore life cycle stages. We find that holococcoliths are formed in intracellular compartments in a similar manner to heterococcoliths. However, we show that silicon is not required for holococcolith formation and that the requirement for silicon in certain coccolithophore species relates specifically to the process of crystal morphogenesis in heterococcoliths. We therefore propose an evolutionary scheme in which the lower complexity holococcoliths represent an ancestral form of calcification in coccolithophores. The subsequent recruitment of a silicon-dependent mechanism for crystal morphogenesis in the diploid life cycle stage led to the emergence of the intricately shaped heterococcoliths, enabling the formation of the elaborate coccospheres that underpin the ecological success of coccolithophores.
Published: 2021

9. Dinoflagellate Host Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Remain Functional During Amoebophrya Infection

Author: Kayal, Ehsan, Alves-De-Souza, Catharina, Farhat, Sarah, Velo-Suarez, Lourdes, Monjol, Joanne, Szymczak, Jeremy, Bigeard, Estelle, Marie, Dominique, Noel, Benjamin, Porcel, Betina, Corre, Erwan, Six, Christophe, Guillou, Laure, Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique, génomique fonctionnelle et biotechnologies (UMR 1078) (GGB), EFS-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), ECOlogy of MArine Plankton (ECOMAP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], parasitism, lcsh:QR1-502, dinoflagellate, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], organelles, kleptoplast, chloroplast, marine plankton, Amoebophrya, Original Research
Abstract: International audience; Dinoflagellates are major components of phytoplankton that play critical roles in many microbial food webs, many of them being hosts of countless intracellular parasites. The phototrophic dinoflagellate Scrippsiella acuminata (Dinophyceae) can be infected by the microeukaryotic parasitoids Amoebophrya spp. (Syndiniales), some of which primarily target and digest the host nucleus. Early digestion of the nucleus at the beginning of the infection is expected to greatly impact the host metabolism, inducing the knockout of the organellar machineries that highly depend upon nuclear gene expression, such as the mitochondrial OXPHOS pathway and the plastid photosynthetic carbon fixation. However, previous studies have reported that chloroplasts remain functional in swimming host cells infected by Amoebophrya. We report here a multi-approach monitoring study of S. acuminata organelles over a complete infection cycle by nucleus-targeting Amoebophrya sp. strain A120. Our results show sustained and efficient photosystem II activity as a hallmark of functional chloroplast throughout the infection period despite the complete digestion of the host nucleus. We also report the importance played by light on parasite production, i.e., the amount of host biomass converted to parasite infective propagules. Using a differential gene expression analysis, we observed an apparent increase of all 3 mitochondrial and 9 out of the 11 plastidial genes involved in the electron transport chains (ETC) of the respiration pathways during the first stages of the infection. The longer resilience of organellar genes compared to those encoded by the nucleus suggests that both mitochondria and chloroplasts remain functional throughout most of the infection. This extended organelle functionality, along with higher parasite production under light conditions, suggests that host bioenergetic organelles likely benefit the parasite Amoebophrya sp. A120 and improve its fitness during the intracellular infective stage.
Published: 2020

10. Study of Synthesis Pathways of the Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid 20:5n-3 in the Diatom Chaetoceros Muelleri Using 13C-Isotope Labeling

Author: Nelly Le Goïc, Ai Ning Loh, Philippe Miner, Aswani K. Volety, Antoine Bideau, Philippe Soudant, Rudolph Corvaisier, Frédéric Planchon, Elodie Fleury, Marine Remize, Fabienne Le Grand, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Elon University [NC, USA], This research was funded by the Universitéde Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) and Center for MarineSciences (CMS) at the University of North Carolina Wilmington (UNCW), the Interdisciplinary School for the BluePlanet (ISblue) and the Walter-Zellidja grant of the Académie Française., ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Chaetoceros muelleri, lcsh:QR1-502, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 20:5n-3 (EPA), Chaetoceros muelleri, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Isotope, Acl, Fatty acid, Polar lipids, biology.organism_classification, diatom, 5n-3 (EPA) [20], synthesis pathway, Neutral lipid, Diatom, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, chemistry, acyl-editing mechanism, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, compound-specific isotope analysis, 20:5n-3 (EPA), 010606 plant biology & botany, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract: The present study sought to characterize the synthesis pathways producing the essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 20:5n-3 (EPA). For this, the incorporation of 13C was experimentally monitored into 10 fatty acids (FA) during the growth of the diatom Chaetoceros muelleri for 24 h. Chaetoceros muelleri preferentially and quickly incorporated 13C into C18 PUFAs such as 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-6 as well as 16:0 and 16:1n-7, which were thus highly 13C-enriched. During the experiment, 20:5n-3 and 16:3n-4 were among the least-enriched fatty acids. The calculation of the enrichment percentage ratio of a fatty acid B over its suspected precursor A allowed us to suggest that the diatom produced 20:5n-3 (EPA) by a combination between the n-3 (via 18:4n-3) and n-6 (via 18:3n-6 and 20:4n-6) synthesis pathways as well as the alternative &omega, 3 desaturase pathway (via 20:4n-6). In addition, as FA from polar lipids were generally more enriched in 13C than FA from neutral lipids, particularly for 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-6, the existence of acyl-editing mechanisms and connectivity between polar and neutral lipid fatty acid pools were also hypothesized. Because 16:3n-4 and 20:5n-3 presented the same concentration and enrichment dynamics, a structural and metabolic link was proposed between these two PUFAs in C. muelleri.
Published: 2020

11. Influence of Water Masses on the Biodiversity and Biogeography of Deep-Sea Benthic Ecosystems in the North Atlantic

Author: José L. Rueda, Steve W. Ross, Covadonga Orejas, Marina Carreiro-Silva, Clare Johnson, Telmo Morato, Patricia Puerta, José Manuel González-Irusta, Chih-Lin Wei, Georgios Kazanidis, Lea-Anne Henry, Javier Urra, Sophie Arnaud-Haond, Ellen Kenchington, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Málaga., Instituto do Mar - Universidade dos Açores (IMAR-UAc), University of Edinburgh, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre [Portugal] (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida = University Institute of Psychological, Social and Life Sciences (ISPA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Marine conservation, lcsh:QH1-199.5, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Medio Marino y Protección Ambiental, porcupine seabight, climate-change impacts, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biodiversity, Climate change, Ocean Engineering, ocean acidification, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Aquatic Science, coral lophelia-pertusa, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, ne atlantic, Marine ecosystem, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, antarctic intermediate water, lcsh:Science, biogeography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, biodiversity, Global and Planetary Change, deep-sea, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, North Atlantic, Ocean acidification, 15. Life on land, meridional overturning circulation, food-supply mechanisms, vulnerable marine ecosystems, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, rockall trough margin, global habitat suitability, lcsh:Q, water masses, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Circulation patterns in the North Atlantic Ocean have changed and re-organized multiple times over millions of years, influencing the biodiversity, distribution, and connectivity patterns of deep-sea species and ecosystems. In this study, we review the effects of the water mass properties (temperature, salinity, food supply, carbonate chemistry, and oxygen) on deep-sea benthic megafauna (from species to community level) and discussed in future scenarios of climate change. We focus on the key oceanic controls on deep-sea megafauna biodiversity and biogeography patterns. We place particular attention on cold-water corals and sponges, as these are ecosystem-engineering organisms that constitute vulnerable marine ecosystems (VME) with high associated biodiversity. Besides documenting the current state of the knowledge on this topic, a future scenario for water mass properties in the deep North Atlantic basin was predicted. The pace and severity of climate change in the deep-sea will vary across regions. However, predicted water mass properties showed that all regions in the North Atlantic will be exposed to multiple stressors by 2100, experiencing at least one critical change in water temperature (+2 ◦C), organic carbon fluxes (reduced up to 50%), ocean acidification (pH reduced up to 0.3), aragonite saturation horizon (shoaling above 1000 m) and/or reduction in dissolved oxygen (>5%). The northernmost regions of the North Atlantic will suffer the greatest impacts. Warmer and more acidic oceans will drastically reduce the suitable habitat for ecosystem-engineers, with severe consequences such as declines in population densities, even compromising their long-term survival, loss of biodiversity and reduced biogeographic distribution that might compromise connectivity at large scales. These effects can be aggravated by reductions in carbon fluxes, particularly in areas where food availability is already limited. Declines in benthic biomass and biodiversity will diminish ecosystem services such as habitat provision, nutrient cycling, etc. This study shows that the deep-sea VME affected by contemporary anthropogenic impacts and with the ongoing climate change impacts are unlikely to withstand additional pressures from more intrusive human activities. This study serves also as a warning to protect these ecosystems through regulations and by tempering the ongoing socio-political drivers for increasing exploitation of marine resources., Sí
Published: 2020

12. Evaluation of toxicity of Deepwater Horizon slick oil on spat of the oyster Crassostrea virginica

Author: Anne Rolton, Aswani K. Volety, Philippe Soudant, René Robert, Fu-Lin E. Chu, Julien Vignier, Florida Gulf Coast University, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Gill, Oyster, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Histopathology, Zoology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Deepwater Horizon oil, Sublethal, biology.animal, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Juvenile, Oil and Gas Fields, Petroleum Pollution, Sublethal Tissue, 14. Life underwater, Crassostrea, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Gulf of Mexico, Tissue, biology, ACL, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Inflammatory response, General Medicine, Sloughing, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Fishery, Petroleum, Seafood, Oyster spat, Larva, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Eastern oyster, Clearance rate, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract: International audience; The 2010 explosion of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil rig generated the largest marine oil spill in US history with millions of barrels of crude oil released in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, is an ecologically and economically important species in the northern GoM. Due to its biological characteristics (sessile, filter feeding), juvenile oysters may have been affected. This study investigated the effects of surface-collected DWH oil prepared as high-energy water-accommodated fraction (HEWAF) on the survival of 2-month-old oyster spat, and evaluated the potential impacts of HEWAF on particle clearance rate and spat tissue. Exposure of oysters to a range of oil/HEWAF (0–7–66–147–908–3450 μg tPAH50 (sum of 50 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) L−1) resulted in non-dose-dependent mortalities and reduced clearance rates of algal food (Tisochrysis lutea). A morphometric study of the digestive tubules (DGTs) indicated a dose-dependent response to oil exposure on lumen dilation, on epithelium thinning of the DGT, and a significant change in DGT synchrony (LOEC = 66 μg tPAH50 L−1). This finding suggests that structural changes occurred in the digestive gland of exposed oysters most likely due to an oil-related stress. In addition, histological observations showed that tissues in contact with HEWAF (gills, palp, connective tissue, digestive gland) were adversely impacted at ≥ 7 μg tPAH50 L−1, and exhibited pathological symptoms typical of an inflammatory response (e.g., hemocyte diapedesis and infiltration, syncytia, epithelium sloughing).
Published: 2017

13. Intraseasonal variability of surface salinity in the Eastern Tropical Pacific associated with mesoscale eddies

Author: Tong Lee, Audrey Hasson, John Thomas Farrar, Frederick M. Bingham, Jacqueline Boutin, Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mesoscale meteorology, Gulf of Tehuantepec, Fracture zone, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Latitude, Geophysics, Eddy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Anticyclone, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 14. Life underwater, Longitude, Geology, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Strong variability in sea surface salinity (SSS) in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETPac) on intraseasonal to interannual timescales was studied using data from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity, Soil Moisture Active Passive, and Aquarius satellite missions. A zonal wave number-frequency spectral analysis of SSS reveals a dominant timescale of 50-180days and spatial scale of 8 degrees-20 degrees of longitude with a distinct seasonal cycle and interannual variability. This intraseasonal SSS signal is detailed in the study of 19 individual ETPac eddies over 2010-2016 identified by their sea level anomalies, propagating westward at a speed of about 17cm/s. ETPac eddies trap and advect water in their core westward up to 40 degrees of longitude away from the coast. The SSS signatures of these eddies, with an average anomaly of 0.5-pss magnitude difference from ambient values, enable the study of their dynamics and the mixing of their core waters with the surroundings. Three categories of eddies were identified according to the location where they were first tracked: (1) in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, (2) in the Gulf of Papagayo, and (3) in the open ocean near 100 degrees W-12 degrees N. They all traveled westward near 10 degrees N latitude. Category 3 is of particular interest, as eddies seeded in the Gulf of Tehuantepec grew substantially in the vicinity of the Clipperton Fracture Zone rise and in a region where the mean zonal currents have anticyclonic shear. The evolution of the SSS signature associated with the eddies indicates the importance of mixing to their dissipation.
Published: 2019

14. The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum affects development of the oyster Crassostrea gigas, through parental or direct exposure

Author: Dominique Ratiskol, Bruno Petton, Philippe Soudant, Marc Suquet, Nelly Le Goïc, Justine Castrec, Isabelle Queau, Hélène Hégaret, Myrina Boulais, Maïlys Picard, Valentin Foulon, Marianne Alunno-Bruscia, Caroline Fabioux, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Laboratoire de Physiologie des Invertébrés (LPI), Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins (PFOM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), This project was supported by the National Research Agency ANR CESA, which founded the ACCUTOX project ANR-13-CESA-0019 (2013–2017). This work was also co-funded by grants from the Regional Council of the Région Bretagne and Brest Métropole, ANR-13-CESA-0019,ACCUTOX,De la caractérisation des déterminants de l'accumulation des toxines paralysantes (PST) chez l'huître (Crassostrea gigas) au risque sanitaire pour l'homme dans son contexte sociétal(2013), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Oyster, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Offspring, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, Gametes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, Broodstock, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Algal bloom, Harmful algal bloom (HAB), Larvae, biology.animal, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Crassostrea, Shellfish, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, biology, ACL, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, fungi, Dinoflagellate, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, General Medicine, Environmental Exposure, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Paralytic shellfish toxin (PST), Crassostrea gigas, Dinoflagellida, Marine Toxins, France, Reproduction, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Harmful algal blooms are a threat to aquatic organisms and coastal ecosystems. Among harmful species, the widespread distributed genus Alexandrium is of global importance. This genus is well-known for the synthesis of paralytic shellfish toxins which are toxic for humans through the consumption of contaminated shellfish. While the effects of Alexandrium species upon the physiology of bivalves are now well documented, consequences on reproduction remain poorly studied. In France, Alexandrium minutum blooms have been recurrent for the last decades, generally appearing during the reproduction season of most bivalves including the oyster Crassostrea gigas. These blooms could not only affect gametogenesis but also spawning, larval development or juvenile recruitment. This study assesses the effect of toxic A. minutum blooms on C gigas reproduction. Adult oysters were experimentally exposed to A. minutum, at environmentally realistic concentrations (10(2) to 10(3) cells mL(-1)) for two months during their gametogenesis and a control group, not exposed to A. minutum was fed with a non-toxic dinoflagellate. To determine both consequences to next generation and direct effects of A. minutum exposure on larvae, the embryo-larval development of subsequent offspring was conducted with and without A. minutum exposure at 10(2) cells mL(-1). Effects at each stage of the reproduction were investigated on ecophysiological parameters, cellular responses, and offspring development. Broodstock exposed to A. minutum produced spermatozoa with decreased motility and larvae of smaller size which showed higher mortalities during settlement. Embryo-larval exposure to A. minutum significantly reduced growth and settlement of larvae compared to non-exposed offspring. This detrimental consequence on larval growth was stronger in larvae derived from control parents compared to offspring from exposed parents. This study provides evidence that A. minutum blooms, whether they occur during gametogenesis, spawning or larval development, can either affect gamete quality and/or larval development of C gigas, thus potentially impacting oyster recruitment.
Published: 2019

15. Diabetes, Insulin Resistance, Fetuin-B and Exercise Training

Author: Anthony C. Hackney, Mehdi Ahmadian, Seyed Morteza Tayebi, Ayoub Saeidi, Hassane Zouhal, University of Mazandaran, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Allameh Tabataba’i University (ATU), Islamic Azad University, Laboratoire Mouvement Sport Santé (M2S), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), University of Mazandaran (UMZ), and Université de Rennes (UR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Diabetes insulin resistance, Sports medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, fetuin-b, lcsh:GV557-1198.995, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, insulin resistance, medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Fetuin b, lcsh:Science (General), Applied Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, lcsh:Sports, 0303 health sciences, Sport Pedagogy, training, Kinesiology, diabetes, exercise, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, 3. Good health, Endocrinology, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, business, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract: This is an Editoril article and has not Abstract.
Published: 2019

16. Interactions between Crassostrea virginica larvae and Deepwater Horizon oil: Toxic effects via dietary exposure

Author: Fu-Lin E. Chu, Anne Rolton, Philippe Soudant, Aswani K. Volety, René Robert, Julien Vignier, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida Gulf Coast University, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne)
Subjects: Oyster, animal structures, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Deepwater Horizon oil, Dietary exposure, Disasters, Droplet, Food chain, Algae, biology.animal, Phytoplankton, Animals, Petroleum Pollution, 14. Life underwater, Crassostrea, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Larva, Gulf of Mexico, biology, Chemistry, fungi, General Medicine, PAH, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Oyster larvae, Petroleum, 13. Climate action, Oil droplet, Environmental chemistry, Seasons, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract: International audience; The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster released crude oil in the Gulf of Mexico for 87 days, overlapping with the reproductive season and recruitment of the oyster Crassostrea virginica. The pelagic larval life stages of C. virginica are particularly vulnerable to contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oil droplets. Based on their lipophilic properties, PAHs and oil droplets can adsorb onto phytoplankton and filter-feeding C. virginica larvae may be exposed to these contaminants bound to suspended sediment, adsorbed onto algal and other particles, or in solution. This study examined the effects of exposure of C. virginica larvae to algae mixed with DWH oil. In a 14-day laboratory exposure, 5 day-old C. virginica larvae were exposed to Tisochrysis lutea mixed with four concentrations of unfiltered DWH oil (HEWAF) in a static renewal system. Larval growth, feeding capacity, abnormality and mortality were monitored throughout the exposure. Total PAH (n = 50) content of the water medium, in which larvae were grown, were quantified by GC/MS-SIM. Oil droplets were observed bound to algae, resulting in particles in the size-range of food ingested by oyster larvae (1–30 μm). After 14 days of exposure, larval growth and survival were negatively affected at concentrations of tPAH50 as low as 1.6 μg L−1. GC/MS-SIM analysis of the exposure medium confirmed that certain PAHs were also adsorbed by T. lutea and taken up by oyster larvae via ingestion of oil droplets and/or contaminated algae. Long-term exposure to chronic levels of PAH (1.6–78 μg tPAH50 L−1) was shown to negatively affect larval survival. This study demonstrates that dietary exposure of oyster larvae to DWH oil is a realistic route of crude oil toxicity and may have serious implications on the planktonic community and the food chain.
Published: 2019

17. First report of vampyrellid predator–prey dynamics in a marine system

Author: Tatiane S. Benevides, Mariângela Menezes, Christian Jeanthon, Laure Guillou, Catharina Alves-de-Souza, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Laboratoire de microbiologie des environnements extrêmophiles (LM2E), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Biology, Brief Communication, Microbiology, Predation, 03 medical and health sciences, Phytoplankton, Ecosystem, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Cercozoa, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Abiotic component, Diatoms, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Ecology, Pelagic zone, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Salinity, Diatom, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Brazil, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; We report for the first time the in situ dynamics of a vampyrellid in a marine system. A high sampling frequency (twice-weekly) was applied in a tropical eutrophic lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) for 5 years (2012-2016). The vampyrellid Hyalodiscus sp. specifically fed on the diatom Chaetoceros minimus during a short time window (~3 months), although the prey was intermittently detected as the dominant phytoplanktonic species over a longer period (~1 year). A classic Lotka-Volterra predator-prey dynamic was observed between the two partners, with a significant modification of the short-term oscillations of the prey. Specific abiotic preferences (i.e., relatively low temperature, intermediate salinity, and stratified conditions) associated with prey availability seemed to define this narrow temporal window of occurrence. Our results suggest that vampyrellids can be ecologically relevant in marine pelagic systems, with their impact on planktonic dynamics strongly depending on complex interactions between both biotic and abiotic factors.
Published: 2018

18. Fatty acid isotopic fractionation in the diatom Chaetoceros muelleri

Author: Marine Remize, Ai Ning Loh, Antoine Bideau, Margaux Mathieu-Resuge, Rudolph Corvaisier, Frédéric Planchon, Fabienne Le Grand, Aswani K. Volety, Philippe Soudant, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), WasserCluster Lunz, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, (BOKU) and Competence Centre Wood K plus, Elon University [NC, USA], Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet, ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Fractionation, Chaetoceros muelleri, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Algae, Dissolved organic carbon, Photosynthesis, Stable isotopes, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, δ13C, biology, Fatty acid, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Fatty acid synthesis, 13. Climate action, Isotopes of carbon, Environmental chemistry, Phytoplankton, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Agronomy and Crop Science, Carbon, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract: International audience; Carbon isotopic fractionation was studied during the development of the diatom Chaetoceros muelleri grown in batch culture with 13C-depleted CO2 addition. Cellular and growth parameters and isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon and particulate organic carbon were monitored every two days, while the content and isotopic composition of individual fatty acid in polar lipid and neutral lipid were measured on the 5th day (end of exponential phase), 10th and 14th days (stationary phase). Continuous addition of petrochemical CO2 to the algae led to a rapid and strong modification of dissolved inorganic carbon isotopic composition with cascading effects on particulate organic carbon and fatty acid isotopic compositions. Carbon isotope fractionation in Chaetoceros muelleri ranged from 17‰ to 25‰ and changed according to culture ages. Isotopic fractionation into fatty acids, overall, was similar between polar and neutral lipids, and was systematically higher than in particulate organic carbon. At the end of the exponential growth phase, the isotopic composition of individual fatty acids varied from −51.3‰ to −58.4‰. At this culture age, large differences in the isotopic compositions between fatty acids were observed. Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as 16:3n-4, 18:4n-3, and 20:5n-3 were more strongly 13C-depleted than other fatty acids such as 14:0, 16:0, 16:1n-7 or 18:1n-9. These results showed how isotopic effects occur during the desaturation and elongation phases. Such isotopic effects were also supported by the lower δ13C of averaged δ13C of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids as compared to those of polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, during the stationary phase, fatty acid isotopic compositions were less variable and closer to particulate organic carbon, while saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were more depleted than polyunsaturated fatty acids. Our study underlined the importance of consideration of phytoplankton physiological status when conducting ecological and biogeochemical studies as they appeared to strongly control phytoplankton carbon isotopic composition.
Published: 2021

19. Application of Flow Cytometry to Assess Deepwater Horizon Oil Toxicity on the Eastern OysterCrassostrea virginicaSpermatozoa

Author: Ai Ning Loh, Philippe Soudant, Ludovic Donaghy, Aswani K. Volety, Julien Vignier, Myrina Boulais, Florida Gulf Coast University, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by funds provided as part of thenatural resources damage assessment for the DeepwaterHorizon oil spill, Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, Laboratoire de Physiologie des Invertébrés (LPI), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Vester Marine Field Station
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Oyster, Crassostrea virginica, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, cellular impacts, 01 natural sciences, Dispersant, Deepwater Horizon oil, Human fertilization, biology.animal, dispersant, 14. Life underwater, Oil toxicity, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, Reactive oxygen species, biology, ACL, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, PAH, biology.organism_classification, Fishery, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Crassostrea, oysters, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Eastern oyster, Corexit
Abstract: International audience; The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in 2010 resulted in the release of millions of liters of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Dispersants such as Corexit 9500A were used to disperse oil both at the well-head and at the surface. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dispersants have been shown to deleteriously affect early life stages of organisms including oysters. This study examined the impacts of chemically enhanced water-accommodated fractions [CEWAF; 1.29–26.14 µg/l tPAH50 (a sum of 50 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)], high-energy water-accommodated fractions (HEWAF; 16.53–248.89 µg/l tPAH50), and dispersants (0.625–10 mg/l) on the cellular functions (viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species production (ROS), and acrosomal integrity) and resulting fertilization success of eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica spermatozoa. While viability of spermatozoa was not affected by CEWAF and HEWAF at concentrations tested, dispersant exposure caused significant decrease in viability at the highest concentration tested. Fertilization success as well as MMP and ROS production were significantly decreased upon exposure to CEWAF, HEWAF, and dispersants. Also, although not affected by HEWAF exposure, acrosomal integrity decreased upon exposure to CEWAF and dispersants at concentrations tested. The results of this study suggest that impaired fertilization and reduced viability observed after exposure to DWH oil spill contaminants may result, at least partially, from alterations of cellular functions of spermatozoa and contribute to negative effects on oyster populations, and thus the ecology and economy of the Gulf of Mexico.
Published: 2016

20. Body and soul: Do children distinguish between foods when generalizing biological and psychological properties?

Author: Simone P. Nguyen, Jean-Pierre Thibaut, Gregory L. Murphy, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Psychology [University North Carolina Wilmington], University of North Carolina [Wilmington], NYU Department of Psychology [New-York University], New York University [New York], Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), New York University [New York] (NYU), and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
Subjects: Food representation, Property (philosophy), Generalization, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050105 experimental psychology, Induction, Conceptual development, Education, Task (project management), Developmental psychology, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Biological property, Developmental and Educational Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Children, media_common, Knowledge level, 05 social sciences, Preference, Task analysis, Soul, Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract: International audience; Research Findings: In 2 experiments, we tested whether children generalize psychological and biological properties to novel foods. We used an induction task in which a property (either biological or psychological) was associated with a target food. Children were then asked whether a taxonomically related and a script-related food would also have the property. In a yes/no task (Experiment 1) 9-year-olds preferentially generalized the property to taxonomically related foods, but 4- and 6-year-olds did not. In a forced-choice task (Experiment 2; 4- to 6-year-olds), children preferred the taxonomic choice over the script choice. This preference was weak at age 4 but established by age 5. In both experiments, and all age groups, biological properties, and psychological properties were treated similarly. It is argued that the children do not distinguish biological and psychological properties of food most likely because they believe that psychological properties are caused by biological dispositions. Practice or Policy: We argue that nutrition education should take advantage of children’s existing knowledge of food categories and how children generalize knowledge from 1 food to another. In particular, children have good knowledge of taxonomic categories and can best access that knowledge when they are required to compare different foods.
Published: 2016

21. Identification of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Synthesis Pathways in the Toxic Dinophyte Alexandrium minutum Using 13C-Labelling

Author: Christophe Lambert, Aswani K. Volety, Fabienne Le Grand, Adeline Bidault, Marine Remize, Philippe Soudant, Ai Ning Loh, Antoine Bideau, Rudolph Corvaisier, Frédéric Planchon, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Elon University [NC, USA], ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Alexandrium minutum, PKS pathway, lcsh:QR1-502, 22:6n-3, Dinophyte, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, PUFA synthesis, Labelling, Polyketide synthase, Molecular Biology, Fatty acid synthesis, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, ACL, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 6n-3 [22], Polar lipids, DHA, encystment, chemistry, biology.protein, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract: The synthetic pathways responsible for the production of the polyunsaturated fatty acids 22:6n-3 and 20:5n-3 were studied in the Dinophyte Alexandrium minutum. The purpose of this work was to follow the progressive incorporation of an isotopic label (13CO2) into 11 fatty acids to better understand the fatty acid synthesis pathways in A. minutum. The Dinophyte growth was monitored for 54 hours using high-frequency sampling. A. minutum presented a growth in two phases. A lag phase was observed during the first 30 hours of development and had been associated with the probable temporary encystment of Dinophyte cells. An exponential growth phase was then observed after t30. A. minutum rapidly incorporated 13C into 22:6n-3, which ended up being the most 13C-enriched polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in this experiment, with a higher 13C atomic enrichment than 18:4n-3, 18:5n-3, 20:5n-3, and 22:5n-3. Overall, the 13C atomic enrichment (AE) was inversely proportional to number of carbons in n-3 PUFA. C18 PUFAs, 18:4n-3, and 18:5n-3, were indeed among the least 13C-enriched FAs during this experiment. They were assumed to be produced by the n-3 PUFA pathway. However, they could not be further elongated or desaturated to produce n-3 C20-C22 PUFA, because the AEs of the n-3 C18 PUFAs were lower than those of the n-3 C20-C22 PUFAs. Thus, the especially high atomic enrichment of 22:6n-3 (55.8% and 54.9% in neutral lipids (NLs) and polar lipids (PLs), respectively) led us to hypothesize that this major PUFA was synthesized by an O2-independent Polyketide Synthase (PKS) pathway. Another parallel PKS, independent of the one leading to 22:6n-3, was also supposed to produce 20:5n-3. The inverse order of the 13C atomic enrichment for n-3 PUFAs was also suspected to be related to the possible &beta, oxidation of long-chain n-3 PUFAs occurring during A. minutum encystment.
Published: 2020

22. Impacts of exposure to the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis on reproduction of the northern quahog, Mercenaria mercenaria

Author: Sandra E. Shumway, V. Monica Bricelj, Aswani K. Volety, Julien Vignier, Philippe Soudant, Anne Rolton, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida Gulf Coast University, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of Connecticut (UCONN), Rutgers University [Newark], Rutgers University System (Rutgers), and ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Gills, Male, animal structures, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, Karenia brevis, Mercenaria mercenaria, Zoology, Histopathology, Broodstock, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Brevetoxin, Mercenaria, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Shellfish, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Gulf of Mexico, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Reproduction, ACL, Oxocins, Stomach, Dinoflagellate, biology.organism_classification, Mucus, Germ Cells, Larva, Larval development, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Dinoflagellida, Crassostrea, Cestoda, Female, Marine Toxins, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The Gulf of Mexico, including the southwest Florida coast, USA, experience recurrent blooms of the brevetoxin (PbTx)-producing dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis. Northern quahogs (hard clams) Mercenaria mercenaria, are an important commercial species in this region. This study examined the effects of field and laboratory exposure of adult clams to K. brevis during their reproductive period, and effects on their subsequently produced offspring. Ripe adult clams were collected from a site which had been exposed to an eight-month natural bloom of K. brevis and an unaffected reference site. Ripe adult clams were also exposed to bloom concentrations of K. brevis for 10 days in the laboratory. Clams exposed to K. brevis accumulated PbTx at concentrations of 1508 (field exposure), 1444 (1000 cells mL−1 laboratory treatment) and 5229 ng g−1 PbTx-3 eq (5000 cells mL−1 laboratory treatment). Field-exposed clams showed histopathological effects: a significantly higher prevalence of mucus in the stomach/ intestine (23.3%), edema in gill tissues (30%) and presence of the cestode parasite, Tylocephalum spp. in whole tissue (40%), compared to non-exposed clams (0, 3.3 and 6.7% respectively). These clams also showed reduced gonadal allocation (23% gonadal area) and a higher prevalence of clams of undetermined sex (20%) compared to those sampled from the non-exposed site (43% and 0%, respectively). It is hypothesized that less energy may be channeled into reproduction as more is allocated for homeostasis or tissue repair. The fertilization success of gametes obtained from both field and laboratory-exposed adults was significantly lower in clams that had been exposed to K. brevis and development of these offspring was negatively affected at Days 1 and 4 post-fertilization (in field- and laboratory-exposed clams at the higher K. brevis concentration and in laboratory-exposed clams at the higher K. brevis concentration, respectively). Negative effects may be due to toxin accumulation in the gametes of field-exposed clams (244 ± 50 ng PbTx g−1 and 470 ± 82 ng g−1 wet weight in oocytes and sperm, respectively). Adverse effects in M. mercenaria are compared to those previously reported in oysters, Crassostrea virginica, under similar conditions of exposure. This study provides further evidence of the impacts of K. brevis and its associated toxins on the adults and offspring of exposed shellfish. Site-selection for the collection of broodstock and aquaculture grow-out efforts should therefore consider the local occurrence of K. brevis blooms.
Published: 2018

23. Correction: The sponge microbiome project (vol 6, pg 1, 2017)

Author: Moitinho-Silva, Lucas, Nielsen, Shaun, Amir, Amnon, Gonzalez, Antonio, Ackermann, Gail L., Cerrano, Carlo, Astudillo-García, Carmen, Easson, Cole, Sipkema, Detmer, Liu, Fang, Steinert, Georg, Kotoulas, Giorgos, McCormack, Grace P., Feng, Guofang, Bell, James J., Vicente, Jan, Bjork, Johannes R., Montoya, José Maria, Olson, Julie B., Reveillaud, Julie, Steindler, Laura, Pineda, Mari-Carmen, Marra, Maria V., Ilan, Micha, Taylor, Michael W., Polymenakou, Paraskevi, Erwin, Patrick M., Schupp, Peter J., Simister, Rachel L., Knight, Rob, Thacker, Robert W., Costa, Rodrigo, Hill, Russell T., Lopez-Legentil, Susanna, Dailianis, Thanos, Ravasi, Timothy, Hentschel, Ute, Li, Zhiyong, Webster, Nicole S., Thomas, Torsten, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Marche Polytechnic University, Sch Biol Sci, University of Auckland [Auckland], Nova Southeastern University (NSU), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Shanghai Jiaotong University, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ryan Inst, Sch Nat Sci, Zool, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland, Partenaires INRAE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], Victoria University of Wellington, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB), University of Notre Dame, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Alabama, Department of Finance, Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Haifa, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of Oldenburg, University of British Columbia (UBC), State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Hellen Ctr Marine Res, Inst Marine Biol Biotechnol & Aquaculture, Iraklion 71500, Greece, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), University of Queensland [Brisbane], and Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

24. Impacts of Altered Hydrology on the Sources of Particulate Organic Carbon on the Diet of Crassostrea Virginica in the Northern Everglades, Florida, Usa

Author: Philippe Soudant, Ludovic Hermabessiere, Patricia Goodman, Aswani K. Volety, Ai Ning Loh, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO), Florida Gulf Coast University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Oyster, Crassostrea virginica, chesapeake bay, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, salinity, food source, biology.animal, perkinsus-marinus disease, Organic matter, fatty-acid-composition, 14. Life underwater, southwest florida, pecten-maximus, monospecific algal diets, Isotope analysis, chemistry.chemical_classification, oyster, biology, δ13C, stable-isotope analysis, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, bma, δ15N, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, alexandrium-fundyense, Salinity, Oceanography, chemistry, Crassostrea, phytoplankton dynamics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Eastern oyster, diet
Abstract: WOS:000419555700020; Stable isotope composition of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica was characterized from three estuaries in the Ten Thousand Islands (Florida). Freshwater inflow from watershed management is affecting this region and has deeply modified the salinity gradient. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes were used to trace specific sources of organic matter and the influence of these sources of carbon on the diet of the eastern oyster in the Greater Everglades. Oysters, as well as particulate organic matter (POM) and benthic microalgae (BMA) were sampled in three bays at three different stations from upstream to downstream during both wet and dry seasons. Significant salinity differences were observed in all estuaries between summer (wet) and winter (dry) seasons and were linked to freshwater inputs into the bays. Temperature followed a typical seasonal trend. Oysters were enriched in delta N-15 compared with POM and BMA, and similarly or slightly enriched in delta C-13 for both seasons. Lighter delta C-13 values in the upper stations in the estuaries suggest input of organic matter from terrestrial sources. Stable isotopes showed that oysters fed more on POM than on BMA. Condition index of oysters varied between stations and seasons in the three estuaries. Because the quality of organic matter consumed by oysters ultimately impacts the health of the oyster, changes in water quality and quantity of freshwater entering estuaries will have implications for future management of the habitat for this ecologically and economically important species.
Published: 2017

25. Un label patrimonial pour des valeurs environnementales en France rurale : vers un capital environnemental ?

Author: Ducros, Hélène, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), and University of North Carolina System (UNC)
Subjects: village, rural heritage, association of the most beautiful villages of France, LPBVF, branding, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, labellisation, environment, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, environnement, patrimoine rural
Abstract: International audience; The examination of the association of the most beautiful villages of France delves into how a territorial branding model in rural France produces and standardizes certain landscape representations based on the label’s environmental values, which are defined and circulated through localization and evaluation tools. The experience of localities that abide by the agenda of rural revitalization through heritage preservation reveals that the Association not only appraises whether villages embody the environmental canons it has delineated as representative of rural landscapes in France, but also that it rests on diverse forms of capital that entangle the relationship between labelization and environment, thus validating a budding concept of environmental capital while also blurring its boundaries.; En se penchant sur l’association des plus beaux villages de France, cet article considère les moyens par lesquels un modèle de mise en marque des territoires en France rurale produit et standardise des représentations paysagères basées sur des valeurs environnementales définies et véhiculées par des outils d’évaluation et d’exceptionnalisation. L’expérience des villages qui s’engagent dans cette forme de préservation du patrimoine dans leur projet de revitalisation rurale montre que non seulement l’Association expertise ces villages selon des canons environnementaux qu’elle perpétue en tant que représentatifs de paysages ruraux en France, mais ce faisant elle s’appuie sur des formes diverses de capital. Ceci complexifie la relation entre labellisation et environnement, venant ainsi flouter les contours d’un capital environnemental en devenir, tout en le validant.
Published: 2017

26. Reproductive strategy of the invasive green mussel may result in increased competition with native fauna in the southeastern United States

Author: Katherine McFarland, Philippe Soudant, Fred Jean, Aswani K. Volety, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida Gulf Coast University, Cornell University [New York], University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Fauna, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Introduced species, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Competition (biology), gametogenesis, lipid, 14. Life underwater, education, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, media_common, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, fungi, Mussel, biology.organism_classification, induced spawning, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, glycogen, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Eastern oyster, protein, Perna viridis, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; Understanding the population dynamics of invasive species, such as the green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758), can aid in explaining the success of newly introduced populations and help predict the potential for spread. During a two-year field study of established populations in the invaded region of southwest Florida, year round gametogenesis and continuous spawning capabilities were observed through histological analysis of mussels collected monthly. This was supported by overall stable energetic reserves as measured through proximal biochemical composition (protein, glycogen and lipid content). However, egg outputs in the summer (6.4 × 10 6 ± 2.6 × 10 6 eggs / female) were significantly higher than egg outputs of winter-spawned mussels (7.7 × 10 4 ± 1.4 × 10 4 eggs / female). Stability in biochemical composition, suggests temperature and food availability were sufficient year round, allowing for the maintenance of reserves and active gametogenesis. Protein ranged from 409.0–628.0 mg g −1 , glycogen from 44.3–158.5 mg g −1 and total lipids from 7.4–13.5 mg g −1. Year-round reproductive capabilities supported by sufficient energy reserves may help explain the rapid colonization and high densities of green mussels along the southeastern United States and suggests the potential for competition with native species, particularly the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791).
Published: 2016

27. Diversity, structure and convergent evolution of the global sponge microbiome

Author: Laura Steindler, Torsten Thomas, Susanna López-Legentil, Johannes R. Björk, Jack A. Gilbert, Miguel Lurgi, José M. Montoya, Peter J. Schupp, Julie B. Olson, Ute Hentschel, Robert W. Thacker, Andia Chaves-Fonnegra, Patrick M. Erwin, Heidi M. Luter, Rob Knight, Jose V. Lopez, Michael W. Taylor, Lucas Moitinho-Silva, Cole G. Easson, Nicole S. Webster, Carmen Astudillo-García, Dirk Erpenbeck, Rodrigo Costa, Gail Ackermann, European Commission, Région Midi-Pyrénées, L'Oréal, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Australian Research Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), School of Biological Sciences [Sydney], The University of Sydney, University of Adelaide, Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), University of Auckland [Auckland], University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Charles Darwin University, Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University (NSU), Centre of Marine Sciences [Faro] (CCMAR), University of Algarve [Portugal], Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, University of Haifa [Haifa], Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), University of Chicago, University of California, Dominican University of California, Department of Ecology and Evolution - USA (Stony Brook University ), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Australian Institute of Marine Science [Townsville] (AIMS Townsville), Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Charles Darwin University [Australia], and University of California (UC)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 16S, Science, Microbial Consortia, Biodiversity, General Physics and Astronomy, phylum Porifera, Biology, Generalist and specialist species, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, diversity, Microbial ecology, Biological Coevolution, 03 medical and health sciences, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Convergent evolution, evolution, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Microbiome, Symbiosis, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, Ribosomal, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Host (biology), Phylum, Microbiota, Human Genome, Bayes Theorem, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Porifera, Sponge, 030104 developmental biology, Poribacteria, Sponges, RNA
Abstract: Thomas, Torsten ... et al.-- 12 pages, 10 figures, additional information https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11870, Sponges (phylum Porifera) are early-diverging metazoa renowned for establishing complex microbial symbioses. Here we present a global Porifera microbiome survey, set out to establish the ecological and evolutionary drivers of these host–microbe interactions. We show that sponges are a reservoir of exceptional microbial diversity and major contributors to the total microbial diversity of the world’s oceans. Little commonality in species composition or structure is evident across the phylum, although symbiont communities are characterized by specialists and generalists rather than opportunists. Core sponge microbiomes are stable and characterized by generalist symbionts exhibiting amensal and/or commensal interactions. Symbionts that are phylogenetically unique to sponges do not disproportionally contribute to the core microbiome, and host phylogeny impacts complexity rather than composition of the symbiont community. Our findings support a model of independent assembly and evolution in symbiont communities across the entire host phylum, with convergent forces resulting in analogous community organization and interactions, T.T. and N.S.W. were funded through Australian Research Council Future Fellowships FT140100197 and FT120100480, respectively. S.L.L. and P.M.E. were funded by the Spanish Government project MARSYMBIOMICS CTM2013-43287-P. R.C. was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through the Investigator Grant IF/01076/2014 and the project UID/Multi/04326/2013. C.G.E. and R.W.T. were supported by grants from the US National Science Foundation (DEB-0829986 and DEB-1208340). A.C.-F. was supported by the UNESCO L’Oréal Fellowship for Young Women in Science. U.H. and L.M.S. received funding from the EU- FP7 Program (KBBE.2012.3.2-01; grant no. 311932; SeaBioTech). J.M.M. was supported by the French Laboratory of Excellence Project ‘TULIP’ (ANR-10-LABX-41; ANR-11-IDEX-002-02) and by a Region Midi-Pyrénées Project (CNRS 121090)
Published: 2016

28. New cranial material of the earliest filter feeding flamingo Harrisonavis croizeti (Aves, Phoenicopteridae) informs the evolution of the highly specialized filter feeding apparatus

Author: Antoine Louchart, Marcel van Tuinen, Christopher R. Torres, Vanesa L. De Pietri, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Fontaine lab, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Intermediate form, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Biology, Bill morphology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Saint-Gerand-le-Puy, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, Fossil birds, Computed tomography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Palaelodus, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Anatomy, Miocene, Crown group, biology.organism_classification, Phoenicoparrus, Phoenicopteridae, Skull, Taxon, medicine.anatomical_structure, Filter feeding, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: The Oligo-Miocene flamingo Harrisonavis croizeti represents an intermediate form between the highly specialized extant flamingo cranial morphology and the more generalized ancestral phoenicopteriform one, characterized by the extinct taxon Palaelodus. However, the original description of H. croizeti lacked detail and the lectotypic skull was lost; thus, it is not known how the ancestral phoenicopterid cranial morphology differed from that of recent forms. Here, we describe new cranial material from Oligo-Miocene deposits of France, including a mostly complete skull with an articulated upper bill, a disarticulated upper bill, and pieces of lower bill. We assign this material to H. croizeti and compare it to all previously reported fossil flamingo cranial material as well as to all six living species. We also use 3D computed tomographic data to reconstruct the skull of H. croizeti in three dimensions. The skull and bill of H. croizeti are similar to those of living species, although they display less specialized filter feeding traits, including a straighter bill with less surface area for filtration lamellae and points of articulation with the lower bill which are less developed. The less specialized form of H. croizeti suggests the extant Phoenicopterus retains a skull morphology more similar to the ancestral condition of crown group flamingos, and the extant Phoenicoparrus form is more derived.
Published: 2015

29. Uptake and elimination of brevetoxin in the invasive green mussel, Perna viridis, during natural Karenia brevis blooms in southwest Florida

Author: Aswani K. Volety, Fred Jean, Katherine McFarland, Philippe Soudant, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida Gulf Coast University, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), South Florida Water Management District, Florida West Coast Inland Navigation District, Marco Island Shell Club, U.S. Department of Education under a Congressionally-directed grant (P116Z090117) to A.K. Volety., ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Oyster, Food Chain, Perna, Time Factors, Red tide, Zoology, [SDV.TOX.TVM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Vegetal toxicology and mycotoxicology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, [SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Algal bloom, 03 medical and health sciences, Brevetoxin, Species Specificity, biology.animal, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Crassostrea, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, biology, Harmful algal bloom, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, Oxocins, fungi, biology.organism_classification, Bioaccumulation, Area Under Curve, Dinoflagellida, Florida, Marine Toxins, Karenia brevis, Trophic transfer, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Introduced Species, Marine toxin, Depuration, Perna viridis
Abstract: International audience; Perna viridis is a recently introduced species to US coastal waters and have vigorously spread throughout the southeastern seaboard since their invasion. Little information regarding their response to local environmental factors has been reported including responses to the local HAB species, Karenia brevis. This study monitored the tissue toxin concentration of brevetoxins in P. viridis from existing populations throughout two consecutive natural K. brevis blooms. The results showed P. viridis to rapidly accumulate PbTx upon exposure to the bloom, far exceeding the peak tissue concentrations of oysters, Crassostrea virginica, sampled during the same period, 57,653 ± 15,937 and 33,462 ± 10,391 ng g−1 PbTx-3 equivalent, respectively. Further, P. viridis retained high PbTx concentrations in their tissues post bloom remaining above the regulatory limit for human consumption for 4–5 months, significantly longer than the depuration time of 2–8 weeks for native oyster and clam species. In the second year, the bloom persisted at high cell concentrations resulting in prolonged exposure and higher PbTx tissue concentrations indicating increased bioaccumulation in green mussels. While this species is not currently harvested for human consumption, the threat for post bloom trophic transfer could pose negative impacts on other important fisheries and higher food web implications.
Published: 2015

30. Assessing 'Dangerous Climate Change': Required Reduction of Carbon Emissions to Protect Young People, Future Generations and Nature

Author: Lise Van Susteren, Johan Rockström, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Jeffrey D. Sachs, Shi-Ling Hsu, Frank Ackerman, Konrad Steffen, David J. Beerling, Paul J. Hearty, Eelco J. Rohling, Camille Parmesan, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Makiko Sato, Pete Smith, Karina von Schuckmann, Pushker Kharecha, James Hansen, James C Zachos, Earth Institute at Columbia University, Columbia University [New York], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Synapse Energy Economics (Cambridge), Department of Animal and Plant Sciences [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Global Change Institute (Australia), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Plymouth University, Stockholm University, University of Southampton, University of Aberdeen, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Harvard School of Public Health, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Natural resource economics, Earth, Planet, Climate Change, Science, Climate change, Review, 010501 environmental sciences, Carbon sequestration, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Effects of global warming, 11. Sustainability, Animals, Humans, Land use, land-use change and forestry, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Social Responsibility, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Ecology, Fossil fuel, Global warming, Carbon, Policy, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, Alternative energy, Environmental science, Medicine, business
Abstract: We assess climate impacts of global warming using ongoing observations and paleoclimate data. We use Earth's measured energy imbalance, paleoclimate data, and simple representations of the global carbon cycle and temperature to define emission reductions needed to stabilize climate and avoid potentially disastrous impacts on today's young people, future generations, and nature. A cumulative industrial-era limit of similar to 500 GtC fossil fuel emissions and 100 GtC storage in the biosphere and soil would keep climate close to the Holocene range to which humanity and other species are adapted. Cumulative emissions of similar to 1000 GtC, sometimes associated with 2 degrees C global warming, would spur "slow" feedbacks and eventual warming of 3-4 degrees C with disastrous consequences. Rapid emissions reduction is required to restore Earth's energy balance and avoid ocean heat uptake that would practically guarantee irreversible effects. Continuation of high fossil fuel emissions, given current knowledge of the consequences, would be an act of extraordinary witting intergenerational injustice. Responsible policymaking requires a rising price on carbon emissions that would preclude emissions from most remaining coal and unconventional fossil fuels and phase down emissions from conventional fossil fuels.
Published: 2013

31. Oceanic core complex development at the ultraslow spreading Mid-Cayman Spreading Center

Author: W. Hayman, N., R. Grindlay, N., R. Perfit, M., Mann, P., Leroy, Sylvie, Mercier De Lépinay, B., Institute of Geophysics [Austin] (IG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Roughly a third of the global mid-ocean ridge system spreads at 6 km) spreading centers, and thought to accrete some of the thinnest (∼3 km) crust. The MCSC generates end-member mid-ocean ridge basalt compositions and hosts recently discovered hydrothermal vents. Multibeam bathymetric data reveal that axial depth varies along the MCSC with intraridge rift walls defined by kilometer-scale escarpments and massifs. Dredging and near-bottom work has imaged and sampled predominantly basaltic lavas from the greatest axial depths and ∼15% peridotite surrounded by gabbroic rocks from the prominent massifs. The gabbroic rocks exhibit wide compositional variation (troctolites to ferrogabbros) and in many places contain high-temperature (amphibolite to granulite facies) shear zones. Gabbroic compositions primarily reflect the accumulation of near-liquidus phases that crystallized from a range of basaltic melts, as well as from interactions with interstitial melts in a subaxial mush zone. Magnetization variations inverted from aeromagnetic data are consistent with a discontinuous distribution of basaltic lavas and structurally asymmetric spreading. These observations support an oceanic core complex model for MCSC seafloor spreading, potentially making it a type example of ultraslow seafloor spreading through mush zone and detachment fault crustal processes.
Published: 2011

32. Segment-scale and intrasegment lithospheric thickness and melt variations near the Andrew Bain megatransform fault and Marion hot spot: Southwest Indian Ridge, 25.5°E-35°E

Author: Takeuchi, Christopher, Sclater, John, Grindlay, Nancy, Madsen, John, Rommevaux-Jestin, Céline, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of Delaware [Newark], Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], melt supply, Southwest Indian Ridge, ultraslow spreading, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Andrew Bain
Abstract: International audience; We analyze bathymetric, gravimetric, and magnetic data collected on cruise KN145L16 between 25.5°E and 35°E on the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge, where the 750 km long Andrew Bain transform domain separates two accretionary segments to the northeast from a single segment to the southwest. Similar along-axis asymmetries in seafloor texture, rift valley curvature, magnetic anomaly amplitude, magnetization intensity, and mantle Bouguer anomaly (MBA) amplitude within all three segments suggest that a single mechanism may produce variable intrasegment lithospheric thickness and melt delivery. However, closer analysis reveals that a single mechanism is unlikely. In the northeast, MBA lows, shallow axial depths, and large abyssal hills indicate that the Marion hot spot enhances the melt supply to the segments. We argue that along-axis asthenospheric flow from the hot spot, dammed by major transform faults, produces the inferred asymmetries in lithospheric thickness and melt delivery. In the southwest, strong rift valley curvature and nonvolcanic seafloor near the Andrew Bain transform fault indicate very thick subaxial lithosphere at the end of the single segment. We suggest that cold lithosphere adjacent to the eastern end of the ridge axis cools and thickens the subaxial lithosphere, suppresses melt production, and focuses melt to the west. This limits the amount of melt emplaced at shallow levels near the transform fault. Our analysis suggests that the Andrew Bain divides a high melt supply region to the northeast from an intermediate to low melt supply region to the southwest. Thus, this transform fault represents not only a major topographic feature but also a major melt supply boundary on the Southwest Indian Ridge.
Published: 2010

33. Tectonic interpretation of the Andrew Bain transform fault: Southwest Indian Ocean

Author: Sclater, John, Grindlay, Nancy, Madsen, John, Rommevaux-Jestin, Céline, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of Delaware [Newark], Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: tectonics Index Terms: 3039 Marine Geology and Geophysics: Oceanic transform and fracture zone processes, Components: 11, 3040 Marine Geology and Geophysics: Plate tectonics (8150, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 632 words, 3 tables Keywords: megatransform, 7 figures, 8158)
Abstract: International audience; [1] Between 25°E and 35°E, a suite of four transform faults, Du Toit, Andrew Bain, Marion, and Prince Edward, offsets the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) left laterally 1230 km. The Andrew Bain, the largest, has a length of 750 km and a maximum transform domain width of 120 km. We show that, currently, the Nubia/Somalia plate boundary intersects the SWIR east of the Prince Edward, placing the Andrew Bain on the Nubia/Antarctica plate boundary. However, the overall trend of its transform domain lies 10° clockwise of the predicted direction of motion for this boundary. We use four transform-parallel multibeam and magnetic anomaly profiles, together with relocated earthquakes and focal mechanism solutions, to characterize the morphology and tectonics of the Andrew Bain. Starting at the southwestern ridge-transform intersection, the relocated epicenters follow a 450-km-long, 20-km-wide, 6-km-deep western valley. They cross the transform domain within a series of deep overlapping basins bounded by steep inward dipping arcuate scarps. Eight strike-slip and three dip-slip focal mechanism solutions lie within these basins. The earthquakes can be traced to the northeastern ridge-transform intersection via a straight, 100-km-long, 10-km-wide, 4.5-km-deep eastern valley. A striking set of seismically inactive NE-SW trending en echelon ridges and valleys, lying to the south of the overlapping basins, dominates the eastern central section of the transform domain. We interpret the deep overlapping basins as two pull-apart features connected by a strike-slip basin that have created a relay zone similar to those observed on continental transforms. This transform relay zone connects three closely spaced overlapping transform faults in the southwest to a single transform fault in the northeast. The existence of the transform relay zone accounts for the difference between the observed and predicted trend of the Andrew Bain transform domain. We speculate that between 20 and 3.2 Ma, an oblique accretionary zone jumping successively northward created the en echelon ridges and valleys in the eastern central portion of the domain. The style of accretion changed to that of a transform relay zone, during a final northward jump, at 3.2 Ma.
Published: 2005

34. Reconnaissance study of Late Quaternary faulting along Cerro Goden fault zone, western Puerto Rico

Author: Mann, P., Prentice, C., Hippolyte, Jean-Claude, Grindlay, N., Abrams, L., Lao-Davila, D., Institute of Geophysics [Austin] (IG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center of Marine Science, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Department of Geology, University of Puerto Rico (UPR), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)
Subjects: arch, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Mona Passage, [SDE.MCG.CG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cg, Puerto Rico, faults, earthquakes
Abstract: International audience; The Cerro Goden fault zone is associated with a curvilinear, continuous, and prominent topographic lineament in western Puerto Rico. The fault varies in strike from northwest to west. In its westernmost section, the fault is ~500 m south of an abrupt, curvilinear mountain front separating the 270- to 361-m-high La Cadena de San Francisco range from the Rio Añasco alluvial valley. The Quaternary fault of the Añasco Valley is in alignment with the bedrock fault mapped by D. McIntyre (1971) in the Central La Plata quadrangle sheet east of Añasco Valley. Previous workers have postulated that the Cerro Goden fault zone continues southeast from the Añasco Valley and merges with the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone of south-central Puerto Rico. West of the Añasco Valley, the fault continues offshore into the Mona Passage (Caribbean Sea) where it is characterized by offsets of seafl oor sediments estimated to be of late Quaternary age. Using both 1:18,500 scale air photographs taken in 1936 and 1:40,000 scale photographs taken by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in 1986, we identifi ed geomorphic features suggestive of Quaternary fault movement in the Añasco Valley, including aligned and defl ected drainages, apparently offset terrace risers, and mountain-facing scarps. Many of these features suggest right-lateral displacement. Mapping of Paleogene bedrock units in the uplifted La Cadena range adjacent to the Cerro Goden fault zone reveals the main tectonic events that have culminated in late Quaternary normal-oblique displacement across the Cerro Goden fault. Cretaceous to Eocene rocks of the La Cadena range exhibit large folds with wavelengths of several kms. The orientation of folds and analysis of fault striations within the folds indicate that the folds formed by northeast-southwest shortening in present-day geographic coordinates. The age of deformation is well constrained as late Eocene–early Oligocene by an angular unconformity separating folded, deep-marine middle Eocene rocks from transgressive, shallow-marine rocks of middle-upper Oligocene age. Rocks of middle Oligocene–early Pliocene age above unconformity are gently folded about the roughly last-west–trending Puerto Rico–Virgin Islands arch, which is well expressed in the geomorphology of western Puerto Rico. Arching appears ongoing because onshore and offshore late Quaternary oblique-slip faults closely parallel the complexly deformed crest of the arch and appear to be related to extensional strains focused in the crest of the arch. We estimate ~4 km of vertical throw on the Cerro Goden fault based on the position of the carbonate cap north of the fault in the La Cadena de San Francisco and its position south of the fault inferred from seismic refl ection data in Mayaguez Bay. Based on these observations, our interpretation of the kinematics and history of the Cerro Goden fault zone includes two major phases of motion: (1) Eocene northeast-southwest shortening possibly accompanied by leftlateral shearing as determined by previous workers on the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone; and (2) post–early Pliocene regional arching of Puerto Rico accompanied by normal offset and right-lateral shear along faults fl anking the crest of the arch. The second phase of deformation accompanied east-west opening of the Mona rift and is inferred to continue to the present day.
Published: 2005

35. Geologic evidence for the prolongation of active normal faults of the Mona Rift into northwestern Puerto Rico

Author: Paul Mann, Jean-Claude Hippolyte, Nancy R. Grindlay, Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Institute of Geophysics [Austin] (IG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Center of Marine Science, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [1985-2015] (OSUG [1985-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre [2011-2015] (ISTerre [2011-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Talour, Pascale
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rift, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Active fault, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Stress field, Basement (geology), Bathymetry, Submarine pipeline, Clockwise, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Topography, bathymetry, regional structural observations, and fault slip measurements support the idea that the Mona rift is an active, offshore extensional structure separating a colliding area (eastern Hispaniola) from a subducting area (northwestern Puerto Rico). Near the city of Aguadilla in northwestern Puerto Rico, paleostress reconstruction through fault slip analysis demonstrates that the Mona rift is opening in an E-W direction. Fault slip analysis also indicates that this opening is oblique in the southern part of the rift. We propose that oblique rifting results from accommodation of E-W extension by oblique right-lateral reactivation of previously mapped, northwest-trending Eocene basement convergent structures (Aguadilla faults, Cerro-Goden fault). The evolution of the stress field during the Miocene and the present E-W opening of the Mona rift support the assumption that the Miocene 25° counterclockwise rotation of Puerto Rico has stopped and that this island is presently moving to the east relative to the colliding Hispaniola.
Published: 2005

36. Neotectonics of southern Puerto Rico and its offshore margin

Author: Lewis J. Abrams, Nancy R. Grindlay, Jean-Claude Hippolyte, Paul Mann, Institute of Geophysics [Austin] (IG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Talour, Pascale, Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Center of Marine Science, University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HIPPOLYTE, JEAN-CLAUDE, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: seismic profiles, [SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Carbonate platform, active tectonics, [SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Neogene, 01 natural sciences, Neotectonics, Paleontology, [SDE.MCG.CG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cg, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Geomorphology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rift, fault striations, [SDE.MCG.CG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cg, Puerto Rico, Transtension, faults, geomorphology, Tectonics, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Quaternary, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Puerto Rico is located within a zone of tectonic transition between mainly east-west, North America–Caribbean strike-slip motion to the west in Hispaniola and east-northeast–oriented underthrusting to the east beneath the Lesser Antilles island arc. Various models and tectonic mechanisms have been proposed for the Neogene to present-day deformation of southern Puerto Rico, its island margin, and the Muertos trench by previous workers that include normal, thrust, and strike-slip faulting accompanied by large-scale rotations. In this study, we present the results of a regional study integrating onland mapping of striated fault surfaces in rocks ranging in age from Oligocene to possibly as young as earliest Pliocene, and offshore mapping of faults deforming the uppermost sediments beneath the seafloor. The tectonic geomorphology and distribution of late Quaternary marine terraces and beach ridges in south-central Puerto Rico suggest either stability or slow late Quaternary uplift along the south-central part of the coast. In contrast, the coastline of southwestern Puerto Rico exhibits no late Quaternary coastal sediments and a pattern of long-term drowning of coastal features. Fault striation studies of three formations composing the Puerto Rico–Virgin Islands carbonate platform of south-central Puerto Rico (Juana Diaz Formation basal clastic unit, Juana Diaz Formation upper carbonate unit, Ponce Formation) indicate two distinct extensional phases affecting the youngest formation (Ponce Formation of middle Miocene–early Pliocene age). The first event, a north-northeast–directed extensional event is accommodated by normal faults striking mainly to the west-northwest. A second, southeast-directed extensional event crosscut and reactivated faults formed during the fi rst event and produced at least one northeast-trending Quaternary rift bounded by northeast-striking normal faults (Ponce basin). Offshore seismic profi ling by previous workers and reported in this study support the presence of late Holocene seafl oor-rupturing, northeast-striking normal faults that accommodate southeast extension of the southern margin of Puerto Rico. The post–early Pliocene extension direction is roughly perpendicular to the east-northeast–trending sections of the stable or slowly uplifting coastline along much of southern Puerto Rico. In addition to northeast-striking normal faults, offshore profi les confi rm the presence of late Holocene, seafl oor-rupturing left lateral strike-slip faults along the offshore extension of the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone. Where the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone curves to the northeast, the fault becomes less strike-slip and more normal in character and produces greater extensional and tilting effects in the linked Whiting half-graben. A neotectonic model for southern Puerto Rico to explain both directions of extension known from fault striation studies and the present tectonic geomorphology of the preserved Puerto Rico–Virgin Islands carbonate platform in south-central Puerto Rico involves late Miocene–early Pliocene oblique collision of the Bahama Platform with Hispaniola to the northwest of Puerto Rico and ounterclockwise rotation and extension of the area of southern Puerto Rico. A later crosscutting extensional event during the post–early Pliocene involves left-lateral transtension of the southern margin of Puerto Rico with most strike-slip motion concentrated along the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone.
Published: 2005

37. Mixed-family estimation of genetic parameters of growth, morphologic, immune and behavioral traits in the european abalone Haliotis tuberculata

Author: Lachambre, S., Sabine Roussel, Huchette, S., Chenevert, K., Christophe Lambert, Jérôme Bugeon, Anastasia Bestin, Romain Morvezen, Florian Enez, Pierrick Haffray, Pierre Boudry, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technopole Brest Iroise, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scea France Haliotis, Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), European Aquaculture Society (EAS)., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte
Subjects: abalone, behavior, growth, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Haliotis tuberculata, comportement, paramètre génétique, genetic correlation, croissance, corrélation génétique, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], morphologie, sélection animale, mollusque, ComputingMethodologies_GENERAL, genetic variance, immunité, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Mixed-family estimation of genetic parameters of growth, morphologic, immune and behavioral traits in the european abalone [i]Haliotis tuberculata[/i]. World Aquaculture 2018

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

37 results on '"University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC)"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources