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385 results on '"University of New Hampshire (UNH)"'

1. Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America: 2024

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, A. Houtenville, and S. Bach
Abstract: The "Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America" is a companion volume to the "2024 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium." Indicators were in the following areas of interest: employment, educational attainment, health and health care, financial status and security, leisure recreation, personal relationships, and crime/safety.
Published: 2024

2. 2024 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, N. Thomas, S. Paul, S. Bach, and A. Houtenville
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium," is a summary of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The Compendium, presents key overall statistics on topics including the prevalence of disability, employment among persons with disabilities, rates of participation in disability income and social insurance programs, and other statistics. It is a compilation of data from multiple sources, such as the Social Security Administration, Veterans Benefits Administration, and frequently, the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey, among others. A companion "Annual Report" is available, providing graphic representations of key findings.
Published: 2024

3. Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America: 2023

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Houtenville, A., Bach, S., and Paul, S.
Abstract: The "Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America" is a companion volume to the "2023 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED628628) and "Supplement" (ED628631). Indicators were in the following areas of interest: employment, educational attainment, health and health care, financial status and security, leisure recreation, personal relationships, and crime/safety. [For the 2021 Annual Report, see ED620438.]
Published: 2023

4. 2023 Annual Disability Statistics Supplement

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Paul, S., Rogers, S., Bach, S., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" is a companion report to the "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED628628). The "Supplement" presents statistics on the same topics as the Compendium with additional categorizations by demographic characteristics including age, gender and race/ethnicity. In addition to the Supplement, a companion "Annual Report" (ED628657) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2021 Supplement, see ED620436.]
Published: 2023

5. 2023 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Paul, S., Rogers, S., Bach, S., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" and its complement, the "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" (ED628631), are summaries of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The Compendium, presents key overall statistics on topics including the prevalence of disability, employment among persons with disabilities, rates of participation in disability income and social insurance programs, and other statistics. It is a compilation of data from multiple sources, such as the Social Security Administration, Veterans Benefits Administration, and frequently, the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey, among others. A companion "Annual Report" (ED628657) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2021 Compendium, see ED620434.]
Published: 2023

6. 2021 Annual Disability Statistics Supplement

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Paul, S., Rafal, M. C., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" is a companion report to the "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED620434). The "Supplement" presents statistics on the same topics as the Compendium with additional categorizations by demographic characteristics including age, gender and race/ethnicity. In addition to the Supplement, a companion "Annual Report" (ED620438) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2020 Supplement, see ED613090.]
Published: 2021

7. 2021 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Paul, S., Rafal, M. C., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" and its complement, the "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" (ED620436), are summaries of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The Compendium, presents key overall statistics on topics including the prevalence of disability, employment among persons with disabilities, rates of participation in disability income and social insurance programs, and other statistics. The "2021 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" includes a new section on Voting and Registration, which presents summarized statistics on voting and registration of people with and without disabilities in the 2020 presidential elections. Additionally: (1) The tables presenting change in employment and poverty gaps between people with disability and no disability have been removed this year; (2) The source of all statistics previously reported from the American Community Survey 1-year estimates has changed to the American Community Survey public use microdata sample; and (3) Most statistics based on the American Community Survey public use microdata sample are reported for the age group 18-64 years. A companion "Annual Report" (ED620438) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2020 Compendium, see ED613086.]
Published: 2021

8. Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America, 2021

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Houtenville, A., Shreya, P., and Rafal, M.
Abstract: The "2021 Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America" is a companion volume to the "2021 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED620434) and "Supplement" (ED620434). Indicators were in the following areas of interest: employment, educational attainment, health and health care, financial status and security, leisure recreation, personal relationships, and crime/safety. Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, data collection activities were interrupted. In 2020, for each of these indicators, a "statistically significant" gap was detected, meaning there is a certainty that each of these gaps is greater than zero. Unfortunately, due to the data collection issues, there is no way to determine whether the gaps between people with and without disabilities increased. It is unknown whether 2021 estimates will be comparable to 2020 estimates or 2019 estimates. [For the 2020 Annual Report, see ED613092.]
Published: 2021

9. 2019 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Lauer, E. A., Boege, S. L., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" and its complement, the "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" (ED605683) are summaries of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The compendium presents key overall statistics on topics including the prevalence of disability, employment among persons with disabilities, rates of participation in disability income and social insurance programs, and other statistics. The following new sections were added to the compendium this year: (1) The Research and Training Center on Disability in Rural Communities sponsored a new section with national estimates of sociodemographic information about people with disabilities in the rural US; (2) Focusing on factors in the social and physical environments, sections have been added on the intersection of functional difficulties and activities of daily living and housing (e.g., housing quality, year built, type). Housing quality estimates were based on a Census Bureau index that includes adequacy of kitchen and bathroom facilities, overcrowding, and cost burden; and (3) Industry and occupation for people with disabilities were added, and the four most prevalent industries and occupations were stratified by state. A companion "Annual Report" (ED605685) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings.
Published: 2020

10. 2019 Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Houtenville, A., and Boege, S.
Abstract: The "2019 Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America" is a companion volume to the "2019 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED605680) and "Supplement" (ED605683). In addition to the inclusion of indicators related to population size, educational attainment, employment, earnings from work, poverty, and health insurance, this years "Annual Report" includes indicators related to institutionalization, accessibility of mass transit, accessibility of housing, and the role of the environment in the enablement/disablement process--the "Disablement Index." [For the 2018 Annual Report, see ED595177.]
Published: 2020

11. 2019 Annual Disability Statistics Supplement

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Lauer, E. A., Boege, S. L., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" is a companion report to the "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED605680). The "Supplement" presents statistics on the same topics as the "Compendium" with additional categorizations by demographic characteristics including age, gender and race/ethnicity. In addition to the "Supplement," a companion "Annual Report" (ED605685) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2018 Supplement, see ED595183.]
Published: 2020

12. 2020 Annual Disability Statistics Supplement

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Paul, S., Rafal, M., and Houtenville, A.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" is a companion report to the "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium." The "Supplement" presents statistics on the same topics as the Compendium with additional categorizations by demographic characteristics including age, gender and race/ethnicity. In addition to the Supplement, a companion "Annual Report" (ED613092) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2019 Supplement, see ED605683.]
Published: 2020

13. 2020 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Paul, S., Rafal, M., and Houtenville, A.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" and its complement, the "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" (ED613090) are summaries of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The compendium presents key overall statistics on topics including the prevalence of disability, employment among persons with disabilities, rates of participation in disability income and social insurance programs, and other statistics. Though the "2020 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" does not include any new sections, it has incorporated a few changes: (1) The source of all statistics previously reported from the American Community Survey 1-year estimates has changed to the American Community Survey public use microdata sample; and (2) Most statistics based on the American Community Survey public use microdata sample are reported for the age group 18-64 years. A companion "Annual Report" (ED613092) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2019 Compendium, see ED605680.]
Published: 2020

14. 2018 Annual Disability Statistics Supplement

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Lauer, E. A., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" is a companion report to the "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED595182). The "Supplement" presents statistics on the same topics as the "Compendium" with additional categorizations by demographic characteristics including age, gender and race/ethnicity. In addition to the "Supplement," a companion "Annual Report" (ED595177) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2017 Supplement, see ED583259.]
Published: 2019

15. 2018 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Lauer, E. A., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" and its complement, the "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" (ED595183), are summaries of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The "Compendium" presents key overall statistics on topics including the prevalence of disability, employment among persons with disabilities, rates of participation in disability income and social insurance programs, as well as other statistics. The "2018 Annual Disability Compendium" and "Supplement" were reviewed and updated for accessibility this year. Both reports were produced with a larger font size with more space to improve readability. The figures used to present icons and table structures were also updated to be larger and appear more consistent with the rest of the document. A companion "Annual Report" (ED595177) is available, providing graphic representations of key findings. [For the 2017 Statistics Compendium, see ED583160.]
Published: 2019

16. 2018 Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Houtenville, A., and Boege, S.
Abstract: The "2018 Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America" is a companion volume to the "2018 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (ED595182) and "Supplement" (ED595183). While previous editions of the Annual Report highlighted state differences, the "2018 Annual Report" centers on national trends. The goal of the "2018 Annual Report on People with Disabilities in America" is to track the progress of people with disabilities using key social and economic indicators and make the call (for each indicator) as to whether an increase or decrease was detected. There is also an increased focus on the gaps between people with disabilities and people without disabilities for each indicator. The "Annual Report" addresses the following types of questions: (1) Are people with disabilities making up a greater percentage of the US population? (2) Are people with disabilities as likely to be employed as people without disabilities? And if not, is the situation getting better? (3) Did the gap between the median earnings of people with disabilities and the median earnings of people without disabilities narrow? (4) Is there a disparity in the poverty rate between people with and without disabilities? If so, is this gap narrowing? (5) Is there a gap between people with and without disabilities with regard to the percentage attaining a high school diploma? (6) Is there a gap between people with and without disabilities with regard to the percentage attaining a bachelor's degree or more? (7) Is there a difference in the percentage of people with and without disabilities who have never been married? If so, is it improving? (8) Is there a difference in health insurance coverage between people with and without disabilities? If so, is it widening or narrowing? and (9) Is there a difference in private health insurance coverage between people with and without disabilities? If so, is it improving? The 2018 Annual Report includes many of the key indicators identified in a comprehensive 2008 study, "Keeping Track: National Disability Status and Program Performance Indicators," conducted by the National Council on Disability (NCD) (ED503702). In the coming years, the "Annual Report" will add more of the NCD indicators in these areas, as well as indicators for which data has only recently become available. [For the 2017 Annual Report, see ED583258.]
Published: 2019

17. 2017 Annual Disability Statistics Supplement

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Lauer, E. A, and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" is a companion report to the "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium." The "Supplement" presents statistics on the same topics as the "Compendium," with additional categorizations by demographic characteristics including age, gender and race/ethnicity. In addition to the "Supplement," a companion "Annual Report" is available, providing graphic representations of key findings and state differences. The "Annual Report" highlights state and trend data using maps related to specific tables in the "Compendium" and "Supplement." [For the "Annual Report," see ED583258. For the "Compendium," see ED583160.]
Published: 2018

18. 2017 Disability Statistics Annual Report. A Publication of the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Kraus, L., Lauer, E., Coleman, R., and Houtenville, A.
Abstract: The "2017 Disability Statistics Annual Report" presents statistics to address the following types of questions: (1) How many people with disabilities live in the United States; (2) What is the percentage of people with disabilities in different age groups; (3) What is the percentage of people with disabilities for different types of disability; (4) To what extent are people with disabilities employed; (5) What are the earnings for people with and without disabilities; (6) What is the poverty percentage for people with and without disabilities; and (7) Is disability status associated with percentages of smoking, obesity, and binge drinking? The "Annual Report" highlights state and trend data from national sources. A specific listing of source data for each figure is included in Appendix B. There is a great deal of variability in rates of people with disabilities by state and the "Annual Report" includes maps to highlight this information. A glossary of terms is included in Appendix C. The "Annual Report" charts complement the detailed tables of data which can be found in the "2017 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" [For the "Compendium," see ED583160. For the "2017 Annual Disability Statistics" supplement, see ED583259. ]
Published: 2018

19. 2017 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Lauer, E. A., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" and its compliment, the "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement," are publications of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The "Compendium" and "Supplement" are designed to serve as a summary of government statistics. The "Compendium," available both in hard copy and online (at www.disabilitycompendium.org) presents key overall statistics on topics including the prevalence of disability, employment among persons with disabilities, rates of participation in disability income and social insurance programs, as well as other statistics. The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement", only available online, presents tables with over 150 additional categorizations of data for each section highlighted in the "Compendium". There were several changes to the "2017 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" and "Supplement". First, the Education section of the "Compendium" was expanded to include not only data on special education program participation and outcomes, but also statistics on educational attainment for all people with disabilities in the United States. Second, the 2017 "Compendium Health" section now identifies persons with disabilities using a methodology consistent with U.S. Census Bureau estimates. Estimates for the Health section have always used Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) data. Third, accessible versions in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) of the 2017 Compendium and 2017 Supplement are now available online. In addition to providing accessible Portable Document Format (PDF) files for download there are also fully text-readable HTML file versions to remove as many barriers as possible for people with disabilities to access this material. [For the annual report, see ED583258. For the Annual Disability Statistics supplement, see ED583259.]
Published: 2018

20. 2016 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Lauer, E. A., and Houtenville, A. J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" is a publication of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. The "Compendium" is designed to serve as a summary of government statistics. The 2016 "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" was substantially revised and expanded this year. The "Compendium" presents key overall statistics for each section. A new "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement," only available online, presents tables with additional categorizations of data for each section highlighted in the "Compendium." With the addition of over 150 tables, the "Compendium" and "Supplement" now provide enhanced tables by age, gender and race/ethnicity. In addition, a section on Employment Policy has been added to the "Compendium." The Employment Policy section includes statistics on topics such as minimum wage rates and earned income tax credit rates for people living in the United States. Several sections in the "Compendium" were removed in 2016. The topics removed had not been updated by the authors for several years. Although no longer available in this year's "Compendium" or "Supplement," these older tables can still be accessed in previous Compendiums which are available online at www.disabilitycompendium.org. A companion "Annual Report" is available, providing graphic representations of key findings and state differences. The "Annual Report" highlights state and trend data using maps related to specific tables in the "Compendium" and Supplement. [For the Annual Report, "2016 Disability Statistics Annual Report. A Publication of the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics," see ED583249.]
Published: 2017

21. 2016 Disability Statistics Annual Report. A Publication of the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability and Kraus, Lewis
Abstract: The "2016 Disability Statistics Annual Report" presents statistics to address the following types of questions: (1) How many people with disabilities live in the United States; (2) What is the percentage of people with disabilities in different age groups; (3) What is the percentage of people with disabilities for different types of disability; (4) To what extent are people with disabilities employed; (5) What are the earnings for people with and without disabilities; (6) What is the poverty percentage for people with and without disabilities; and (7) Is disability status associated with percentages of smoking, obesity, and binge drinking? The "Annual Report" highlights state and trend data from national sources. A specific listing of source data for each figure is included in Appendix B. There is a great deal of variability in rates of people with disabilities by state and the Annual Report includes maps to highlight this information. A glossary of terms is included in Appendix C. The "Annual Report" charts complement the detailed tables of data which can be found in the "2016 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" (www.disabilitycompendium.org). [For the "2016 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium," see ED583251.]
Published: 2017

22. 2015 Disability Statistics Annual Report. A Publication of the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability and Kraus, Lewis
Abstract: The "2015 Disability Statistics Annual Report" is a companion volume to the "2015 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium." The "Compendium" presents many tables of data, including state and national values and trends over time. The "Annual Report" presents statistics from the "2015 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" tables to address the following types of questions: (1) How many people with disabilities live in the United States; (2) What is the disability percentage in different age groups; (3) What is the disability percentage for different types of disability; (4) To what extent are people with disabilities employed; (5) What are the earnings for people with and without disabilities; (6) What is the poverty percentage for people with and without disabilities; and (7) Is disability status associated with percentages of smoking, obesity, and binge drinking? The "Annual Report" highlights state and trend data, and complements the detailed tables available in the "Compendium." There is a great deal of variability in disability rates by state and the "Annual Report" includes maps to highlight this information; each map is related to a specific table from the 2015 "Compendium." A specific listing of source data for each figure is included in Appendix B. A glossary of terms is included in Appendix C. [For the "2015 Compendium," see ED583158.]
Published: 2016

23. 2015 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Houtenville, Andrew J., Brucker, Debra L., and Lauer, Eric A.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" is a publication of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. It is modeled after the "Statistical Abstracts of the United States," published yearly by the U.S. Department of Commerce. The "Compendium" is designed to serve as a summary of government statistics. The 2015 "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" underwent significant revisions this year. Over 100 tables have been added or expanded with additional age ranges--the "Compendium" now has tables representing the aging population whenever possible. The Health Insurance and Medicaid and Medicare sections from previous years were combined, and time trend data was added where available. The introductory text of each section has been revised. This text now describes table sources and content, defining disability and employment for any given section. The text acknowledges the source information at the bottom of each table, where the source of data appearing in each table is presented. These sources contain additional statistical information about the ways the data were collected and the statistics were generated. The glossary has been expanded to assist in the interpretation of the statistics contained in the "Compendium." Words and phrases defined in the glossary are now in boldface text throughout the report. [For "2015 Disability Statistics Annual Report. A Publication of the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics," see ED583255.]
Published: 2016

24. 2014 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Houtenville, Andrew J., Brucker, Debra L., and Lauer, Eric A.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" is a publication of statistics about people with disabilities and about the government programs which serve them. It is modeled after the "Statistical Abstracts of the United States," published yearly by the U.S. Department of Commerce. The "Compendium" is designed to serve as a reference guide to government publications. At the bottom of each table, the source of data appearing in each table is presented. These referenced sources contain additional statistical information about the ways the data were collected and the statistics were generated. Each year, the "Compendium" reflects the statistics published over the year. As in previous years, the annual "Compendium" provides state-level statistics and monthly time-trend statistics published by federal agencies. Topics for this year's "Compendium" are provided in the introduction. Additional resources include a glossary to assist in the interpretation of the statistics contained in the "Compendium." A companion "Annual Report" is available, providing graphic representations of key findings and state differences. [For "2014 Disability Statistics Annual Report. A Publication of the Disability Statistics & Demographics Rehabilitation Research & Training Center," see ED583162.]
Published: 2014

25. 2014 Disability Statistics Annual Report. A Publication of the Disability Statistics & Demographics Rehabilitation Research & Training Center

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability and Stoddard, Susan
Abstract: The "2014 Disability Statistics Annual Report" is a companion volume to the "2014 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium." The "Compendium" presents many tables of data, including state and national values and trends over time. The "Annual Report" presents statistics from the "2014 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" tables to address the following types of questions: (1) How many people with disabilities live in the United States; (2) What is the disability rate in different age groups; (3) What is the disability rate for different types of disability; (4) To what extent are people with disabilities employed; (5) What are the earnings for people with and without disabilities; (6) What is the poverty rate for people with and without disability; and (7) Is disability status associated with rates of smoking, obesity, and binge drinking? The "Annual Report "highlights state and trend data, and complements the rich, detailed tables available in the "Compendium." There is a great deal of variability in disability by state, and the "Annual Report" includes maps to highlight this information; each map is related to a specific table from the 2014 "Compendium." A specific listing of source data for each figure is included in Appendix C. A glossary of terms is included in Appendix D. [For "2014 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium," see ED583234.]
Published: 2014

26. 2013 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability and Houtenville, Andrew J.
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" is a publication of statistics about people with disabilities and the government programs which serve them. It is modeled after the U.S. Department of Commerce's annual "Statistical Abstracts of the United States." The "Compendium" is designed to serve as a reference guide to government publications. At the bottom of each table, the source of data appearing in each table is presented. These referenced sources contain additional statistical information about the ways the data were collected and the statistics were generated. Each year, the "Compendium" reflects the statistics published over the year. As in previous years, the fifth annual "Compendium" provides national, state-level statistics and monthly time-trend statistics published by federal agencies. Also provided is a glossary, to assist in the interpretation of the statistics contained in the "Compendium."
Published: 2013

27. 2012 Annual Disability Statistics Compendium

Author: University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute on Disability, Houtenville, Andrew J., and Ruiz, Tony
Abstract: The "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium" is a publication of statistics on people with disabilities and government programs that serve the population with disabilities and is modeled after the Statistical Abstracts of the United States, published yearly by the U.S. Department of Commerce. The "Compendium" is designed to serve as a reference guide to government publications. At the bottom of each table, the source of data appearing in each table is presented. These referenced sources contain additional statistical and information about the way the underlying data were collected and the statistics were generated. Each year, the "Compendium" is updated to reflect the statistics published over the year, and new statistics are added each year, as new data sources and publications become available. In addition to topics presented in previous years, this year the "Compendium" also presents statistics by detailed disability type in the newly-created Section 15. These statistics are based on the Census Bureau's Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Also see new tables with detailed disability type in Section 9 derived from Social Security Administration reports. A glossary is also provided to assist in the interpretation of the statistics.
Published: 2012

28. Imaging Plasma Density Structures in the Soft X-Rays Generated by Solar Wind Charge Exchange with Neutrals

Author: David G. Sibeck, R. Allen, H. Aryan, D. Bodewits, P. Brandt, G. Branduardi-Raymont, G. Brown, J. A. Carter, Y. M. Collado-Vega, M. R. Collier, H. K. Connor, T. E. Cravens, Y. Ezoe, M.-C. Fok, M. Galeazzi, O. Gutynska, M. Holmström, S.-Y. Hsieh, K. Ishikawa, D. Koutroumpa, K. D. Kuntz, M. Leutenegger, Y. Miyoshi, F. S. Porter, M. E. Purucker, A. M. Read, J. Raeder, I. P. Robertson, A. A. Samsonov, S. Sembay, S. L. Snowden, N. E. Thomas, R. von Steiger, B. M. Walsh, S. Wing, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL ), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ( LLNL ), University of Leicester, University of Alaska Fairbanks ( UAF ), University of Kansas [Lawrence] ( KU ), Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo], Department of Physics [Coral Gables], University of Miami [Coral Gables], Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] ( IRF ), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ( ISAS ), HEPPI - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Johns Hopkins University ( JHU ), University of Maryland Baltimore County [Baltimore] ( UMBC ), Nagoya University, University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), St Petersburg State University ( SPbU ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], International Space Science Institute ( ISSI ), Boston University [Boston] ( BU ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System, University of New Hampshire (UNH), St Petersburg State University (SPbU), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), and Boston University [Boston] (BU)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar wind, Planets, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetosheath, Cusp, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, X-rays, 0103 physical sciences, Comets, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, X-ray background, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Charge exchange, Instrumentation, [ SDU.ASTR.SR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Both heliophysics and planetary physics seek to understand the complex nature of the solar wind’s interaction with solar system obstacles like Earth’s magnetosphere, the ionospheres of Venus and Mars, and comets. Studies with this objective are frequently conducted with the help of single or multipoint in situ electromagnetic field and particle observations, guided by the predictions of both local and global numerical simulations, and placed in context by observations from far and extreme ultraviolet (FUV, EUV), hard X-ray, and energetic neutral atom imagers (ENA). Each proposed interaction mechanism (e.g., steady or transient magnetic reconnection, local or global magnetic reconnection, ion pick-up, or the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability) generates diagnostic plasma density structures. The significance of each mechanism to the overall interaction (as measured in terms of atmospheric/ionospheric loss at comets, Venus, and Mars or global magnetospheric/ionospheric convection at Earth) remains to be determined but can be evaluated on the basis of how often the density signatures that it generates are observed as a function of solar wind conditions. This paper reviews efforts to image the diagnostic plasma density structures in the soft (low energy, 0.1–2.0 keV) X-rays produced when high charge state solar wind ions exchange electrons with the exospheric neutrals surrounding solar system obstacles.The introduction notes that theory, local, and global simulations predict the characteristics of plasma boundaries such the bow shock and magnetopause (including location, density gradient, and motion) and regions such as the magnetosheath (including density and width) as a function of location, solar wind conditions, and the particular mechanism operating. In situ measurements confirm the existence of time- and spatial-dependent plasma density structures like the bow shock, magnetosheath, and magnetopause/ionopause at Venus, Mars, comets, and the Earth. However, in situ measurements rarely suffice to determine the global extent of these density structures or their global variation as a function of solar wind conditions, except in the form of empirical studies based on observations from many different times and solar wind conditions. Remote sensing observations provide global information about auroral ovals (FUV and hard X-ray), the terrestrial plasmasphere (EUV), and the terrestrial ring current (ENA). ENA instruments with low energy thresholds (∼1 keV) have recently been used to obtain important information concerning the magnetosheaths of Venus, Mars, and the Earth. Recent technological developments make these magnetosheaths valuable potential targets for high-cadence wide-field-of-view soft X-ray imagers.Section 2 describes proposed dayside interaction mechanisms, including reconnection, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and other processes in greater detail with an emphasis on the plasma density structures that they generate. It focuses upon the questions that remain as yet unanswered, such as the significance of each proposed interaction mode, which can be determined from its occurrence pattern as a function of location and solar wind conditions. Section 3 outlines the physics underlying the charge exchange generation of soft X-rays. Section 4 lists the background sources (helium focusing cone, planetary, and cosmic) of soft X-rays from which the charge exchange emissions generated by solar wind exchange must be distinguished. With the help of simulations employing state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamic models for the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction, models for Earth’s exosphere, and knowledge concerning these background emissions, Sect. 5 demonstrates that boundaries and regions such as the bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetopause, and cusps can readily be identified in images of charge exchange emissions. Section 6 reviews observations by (generally narrow) field of view (FOV) astrophysical telescopes that confirm the presence of these emissions at the intensities predicted by the simulations. Section 7 describes the design of a notional wide FOV “lobster-eye” telescope capable of imaging the global interactions and shows how it might be used to extract information concerning the global interaction of the solar wind with solar system obstacles. The conclusion outlines prospects for missions employing such wide FOV imagers.
Published: 2018

29. Vox Sanguinis International Forum on donor notification and counselling strategies for markers of transfusion-transmissible infections

Author: Sharma , R., Lozano , M, Fearon , M., Bigham , M., Djoudi , R., Gallian , P., Woimant , G., Lee , C, Leung , S., Tsoi , C., Marwaha , N., Sachdev , S., Tadokoro , K., Tani , Y., Matsukura , H., Shantseva , N., Zhiburt , E., Hindawi , S., Chay , J., Huang , T., Teo , D, Moleli , N., Oyonarte , S., Jayasekara , A., Bokhorst , A., van den Burg , P., Hewitt , P, Bianco , C., Kessler , D, Sharma , S, Fearon , C, Bigham , C, Djoudi , D, Gallian , D, Woimant , D, Leung , D, Tsoi , D, Marwaha , D, Sachdev , D, Tadokoro , D, Tani , C, Matsukura , C, Shantseva , D, Zhiburt , D, Hindawi , P, Chay , C, Huang , A, Moleli , C, Oyonarte , C, Jayasekara , D, Bokhorst , C, van den Burg , C, BIANCO , Dominique, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institute for Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Etablissement Français du Sang - Alpes-Méditerranée (EFS - Alpes-Méditerranée), Etablissement Français du Sang, Emergence des Pathologies Virales (EPV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Etablissement Français du Sang [La Plaine Saint-Denis] (EFS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, University of Sydney, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials & Department of Chemistry, Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Biological Environment, Akita University, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Institut de Recherche en Communications et en Cybernétique de Nantes (IRCCyN), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Structural Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Unit [Italy], Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics [Siena], Zhejiang University, Laboratoire d'Economie de Dijon (LEDi), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces ( LEPMI ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux ( ICMCB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), Etablissement Français du Sang - Alpes-Méditerranée ( EFS - Alpes-Méditerranée ), Emergence des Pathologies Virales ( EPV ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Etablissement Français du Sang [La Plaine Saint-Denis] ( EFS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Akita Prefectural University, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes ( LTDS ), École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston] ( MGH ), Institut de Recherche en Communications et en Cybernétique de Nantes ( IRCCyN ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes ( Polytech Nantes ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans ( UNAM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Laboratoire d'Economie de Dijon ( LEDi ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hospital Authority, Blood Services Group [Singapour], Singapore General Hospital, South African National Blood Service (SANBS), Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, NHS Blood and Transplant [London, UK], and New York Blood Center
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hematology, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030215 immunology, 3. Good health
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

30. Proposal of a type strain for Frankia alni (Woronin 1866) Von Tubeuf 1895, emended description of Frankia alni, and recognition of Frankia casuarinae sp nov and Frankia elaeagni sp nov

Author: Manfred Rohde, Maria P. Fernandez, Markus Göker, Louis S. Tisa, Imen Nouioui, Maher Gtari, Hans-Peter Klenk, Maria del Carmen Montero-Calasanz, Peter Schumann, Faten Ghodhbane-Gtari, Philippe Normand, Jan P. Meier-Kolthoff, Michael Goodfellow, Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, School of Biology, IE University, Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Laboratoire Microorganismes & Biomolecules Actives, Universite Tunis El-Manar, Tunisia [LR03ES03], Claude Bernard Universite Lyon 1, France [IFR41], Université de Carthage, Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, 0301 basic medicine, Root nodule, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Frankia, Casuarina cunninghamiana, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Botany, Phospholipids, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Frankia alni, Base Composition, Casuarina, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], biology, Elaeagnus, Fatty Acids, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Vitamin K 2, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Type species, 030104 developmental biology, Chemotaxonomy
Abstract: Before the establishment of pure cultures, the species Frankia alni, 'Frankia casuarinae' and 'Frankia elaeagni' were proposed to encompass all causal agents of the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of dicotyledonous plants from the genera Alnus, Casuarina or Elaeagnus. The sole Frankia species with a validly published name, the type species F. alni, was described by Woronin (1866) as present in the root of alder. Until now no type strain has been designated for F. alni, even though the absence of a type strain has seriously inhibited the application of modern taxonomic methods to the genus Frankia. Thus, we propose that strain ACN14a(T), isolated in pure culture from Alnus viridis ssp. crispa with morphological properties matching the original description of F. alni, be recognized as the type strain of this species according to Rule 18f of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. We compared ACN14a(T) to two strains, Ccl3(T) and BMG5.12(T), isolated from Casuarina cunninghamiana and Elaeagnus angustifolia, respectively, based on chemotaxonomy, phenotype microarray data and molecular data retrieved from genome sequences. All three tested strains grew as branched hyphae, produced vesicles and multilocular sporangia containing non-motile spores and metabolized short fatty acids, TCA-cycle intermediates and carbohydrates. Chemotaxonomically, the three strains were indistinguishable with respect to phospholipids (phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol, glycophospholipids and phosphatidylglycerol) and cell-sugar composition (glucose, mannose, ribose, rhamnose, galactose and xylose, with the latter two being diagnostic for the genus). The major fatty acids identified in all three strains were iso-C-16 : 0, C-17 : 1 omega 8C, C-15 : 0, C-17 : 0 and C-16 : 0. ACN14a(T) and BMG5.12(T) also shared C-15 : 1 omega 6c, while C-18 : 1 omega 9c was found to be unique to BMG5.12T. The major menaquinones identified in all three novel type strains were MK-9(H-8), MK-9(H-6) and MK-9(H-4). MK-9(H-2) was shared by ACN14a(T) and BMG5.12(T), while MK-10(H-4) and MK-8(H-4) were only found in BMG5.12(T). Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed 98.1-98.9 % identity between strains ACN14a(T), Ccl3(T) and BMG5.12(T). Digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between the three type strains were well below 70 %. These results confirm the separation of the strains into three distinct species, Frankia alni, Frankia casuarinae sp. nov. and Frankia elaeagni sp. nov. Thus, we propose ACN14a(T) (=DSM 45986(T)=CECT 9034(T)), Ccl3(T) (=DSM 45818(T)=CECT 9043(T)) and BMG5.12(T) (=DSM 46783(T)=CECT 9031(T)) as the respective type strains.
Published: 2016

31. Stone-dwelling actinobacteria Blastococcus saxobsidens, Modestobacter marinus and Geodermatophilus obscurus proteogenomes

Author: Hans-Peter Klenk, Karima Hezbri, Abdellatif Boudabous, Jean Armengaud, Arnab Sen, Petar Pujic, Faten Ghodhbane-Gtari, Maher Gtari, Philippe Normand, Louis S. Tisa, Daniele Daffonchio, Haïtham Sghaier, National Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Laboratory Microorganismes and Biomolecular Activ, Université Tunis El Manar (UTM), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Department of Botany, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Biology and Environment Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, (DeFENS), University of Milan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire (UNH), School Biology, Newcastle University, EU project BIODESERT (European Community's Seventh Framework Programme CSA-SA REGPOT-2) 245746, Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA)-Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet ( ISBST ), Université Tunis El-Manar, Université de Carthage, Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), National University of Ireland [Galway] ( NUI Galway ), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ( KAUST ), Department of Molecular Cellular and Biomedical Science, and University of New Hampshire ( UNH )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proteomics, Geologic Sediments, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Biology, Microbiology, Genome, Mass Spectrometry, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Microbial ecology, sable, Actinomycetales, genome, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geodermatophilaceae, Genetics, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], sahara, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Environmental biotechnology, Evolutionary biology, silica, Proteome, biomarker, Original Article, Adaptation, escherichia coli, biomarqueur, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: The Geodermatophilaceae are unique model systems to study the ability to thrive on or within stones and their proteogenomes (referring to the whole protein arsenal encoded by the genome) could provide important insight into their adaptation mechanisms. Here we report the detailed comparative genome analysis of Blastococcus saxobsidens (Bs), Modestobacter marinus (Mm) and Geodermatophilus obscurus (Go) isolated respectively from the interior and the surface of calcarenite stones and from desert sandy soils. The genome-scale analysis of Bs, Mm and Go illustrates how adaptation to these niches can be achieved through various strategies including ` molecular tinkering/ opportunism' as shown by the high proportion of lost, duplicated or horizontally transferred genes and ORFans. Using high-throughput discovery proteomics, the three proteomes under unstressed conditions were analyzed, highlighting the most abundant biomarkers and the main protein factors. Proteomic data corroborated previously demonstrated stone-related ecological distribution. For instance, these data showed starvation-inducible, biofilm-related and DNA-protection proteins as signatures of the microbes associated with the interior, surface and outside of stones, respectively.
Published: 2016

32. Key innovations and the diversification of Hymenoptera

Author: Bonnie B. Blaimer, Bernardo F. Santos, Astrid Cruaud, Michael W. Gates, Robert R. Kula, István Mikó, Jean-Yves Rasplus, David R. Smith, Elijah J. Talamas, Seán G. Brady, Matthew L. Buffington, Museum für Naturkunde [Berlin], Smithsonian Institution, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, ARS - Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), and This study was supported by the National Science Foundation (DEB-1555905, S.G.B.) and a Smithsonian Institute for Biodiversity Genomics and Global Genome Initiative grant (S.G.B., M.L.B., and B.B.B.), as well as a grant from the GGI Peer-Review Awards Program (B.F.S.). R.R.K., M.W.G., and M.L.B., as well as part of the sequencing effort, were funded by SEL-ARS. B.B.B. was supported by the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, during the analyses and writing stages of this project. J.Y.R. and AC were supported by the INRAe SPE department. B.F.S. was funded by a GGI Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship (Smithsonian Institution) during much of this work. E.J.T. was supported by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Subjects: [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Multidisciplinary, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract: The raw sequence reads newly generated in this study have been deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive under BioProject accession code PRJNA811764 and PRJNA632862. The UCE sequence data from prior publications used in this study are available under BioProject accession codes PRJNA379583, PRJNA248919, PRJNA495844, PRJNA814466, PRJNA606284, PRJNA647791, PRJNA625490, and PRJNA473845; the genome assemblies used in this study are available under accession codes GCA_001444175, GCA_000699045, GCA_000762945, GCA_000696855, GCA_000006295, and GCA_000931545. The raw sequence data can also be accessed using individual accession numbers given in Supplementary Data 1. Source data for this study (assembled contig files, data matrices, tree and log files for phylogenetic analyses; input and output files for FcLM; R code and input and results files for comparative analyses) are available in the Dryad repository at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.08kprr54m131. Information on the location of voucher specimens is provided in Supplementary Data 1.; International audience; The order Hymenoptera (wasps, ants, sawflies, and bees) represents one of the most diverse animal lineages, but whether specific key innovations have contributed to its diversification is still unknown. We assembled the largest time-calibrated phylogeny of Hymenoptera to date and investigated the origin and possible correlation of particular morphological and behavioral innovations with diversification in the order: the wasp waist of Apocrita; the stinger of Aculeata; parasitoidism, a specialized form of carnivory; and secondary phytophagy, a reversal to plant-feeding. Here, we show that parasitoidism has been the dominant strategy since the Late Triassic in Hymenoptera, but was not an immediate driver of diversification. Instead, transitions to secondary phytophagy (from parasitoidism) had a major influence on diversification rate in Hymenoptera. Support for the stinger and the wasp waist as key innovations remains equivocal, but these traits may have laid the anatomical and behavioral foundations for adaptations more directly associated with diversification.
Published: 2023

33. Analysis of aircraft and satellite measurements from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment (INTEX-B) to quantify long-range transport of East Asian sulfur to Canada

Author: Donkelaar, A., Randall Martin, Leaitch, W. R., Macdonald, A. M., Walker, T. W., Streets, D. G., Zhang, Q., Dunlea, E. J., Jimenez, J. L., Dibb, J. E., Huey, L. G., Weber, R., Andreae, M. O., Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Science and Technology Branch, Dept. of Physics, Decision and Information Sciences Division, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, EOS Climate Change Research Center [Durham], Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] (EOS), University of New Hampshire (UNH)-University of New Hampshire (UNH), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Biogeochemistry Department [Mainz], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and EGU, Publication
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:Chemistry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:QD1-999, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 13. Climate action, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We interpret a suite of satellite, aircraft, and ground-based measurements over the North Pacific Ocean and western North America during April–May 2006 as part of the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment Phase B (INTEX-B) campaign to understand the implications of long-range transport of East Asian emissions to North America. The Canadian component of INTEX-B included 33 vertical profiles from a Cessna 207 aircraft equipped with an aerosol mass spectrometer. Long-range transport of organic aerosols was insignificant, contrary to expectations. Measured sulfate plumes in the free troposphere over British Columbia exceeded 2 μg/m3. We update the global anthropogenic emission inventory in a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and use it to interpret the observations. Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) retrieved from two satellite instruments (MISR and MODIS) for 2000–2006 are analyzed with GEOS-Chem to estimate an annual growth in Chinese sulfur emissions of 6.2% and 9.6%, respectively. Analysis of aircraft sulfate measurements from the NASA DC-8 over the central Pacific, the NSF C-130 over the east Pacific and the Cessna over British Columbia indicates most Asian sulfate over the ocean is in the lower free troposphere (800–600 hPa), with a decrease in pressure toward land due to orographic effects. We calculate that 56% of the measured sulfate between 500–900 hPa over British Columbia is due to East Asian sources. We find evidence of a 72–85% increase in the relative contribution of East Asian sulfate to the total burden in spring off the northwest coast of the United States since 1985. Campaign-average simulations indicate anthropogenic East Asian sulfur emissions increase mean springtime sulfate in Western Canada at the surface by 0.31 μg/m3 (~30%) and account for 50% of the overall regional sulfate burden between 1 and 5 km. Mean measured daily surface sulfate concentrations taken in the Vancouver area increase by 0.32 μg/m3 per 10% increase in the simulated fraction of Asian sulfate, and suggest current East Asian emissions episodically degrade local air quality by more than 1.5 μg/m3.
Published: 2008

34. Genome characteristics of facultatively symbiotic Frankia sp. strains reflect host range and host plant biogeography

Author: Ying Wang, Chantal Schenowitz, Jeffrey P. Tomkins, Claudine Médigue, Luis Gabriel Wall, Claudio Valverde, Benoit Cournoyer, Nadia Demange, Philippe Normand, Alison M. Berry, Louis S. Tisa, Juliana E. Mastronunzio, David Vallenet, David R. Benson, Pascal Lapierre, Emilie Bagnarol, Tania Rawnsley, Nathalie Choisne, Zoé Rouy, Johann Peter Gogarten, Céline Lavire, Alla Lapidus, Nicole Alloisio, Vincent Daubin, Arnaud Couloux, Stéphane Cruveiller, Ying Huang, Carla A. Bassi, James Niemann, Maria Pilar Francino, Derek M. Bickhart, J Maréchal, Laurent Labarre, Beth C. Mullin, Fernando Tavares, Olga R. Kopp, Michele Martinez, Eugene Goltsman, Anita Sellstedt, Pierre Pujic, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Department of Microbiology, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioinformatique, phylogénie et génomique évolutive (BPGE), Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Biochemistry & Cellular & Molecular Biology and the Genome Science & Technology Program, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Department of Biochemistry & Cellular 1 Molecular Biology and The Genome Science & Technology Program, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Genomics Institute, Clemson University, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología [Buenos Aires], Universidad Nacional de Quilmes (UNQ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), University of Connecticut ( UCONN ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), University of California [Davis] ( UC Davis ), Unité de recherche en génomique végétale ( URGV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] ( GENOSCOPE ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Génomique métabolique ( UMR 8030 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute ( DOE ), Los Alamos National Laboratory ( LANL ), Programa Interacciones Biologicas, Departamento de Cienca y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Root nodule, Prophages, [SDE.BE.ECOM]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.ecom, Molecular Sequence Data, Frankia, Plant Roots, Genome, Article, Actinobacteria, Evolution, Molecular, Magnoliopsida, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Gene Duplication, Nitrogen Fixation, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Botany, Genetics, Phylogeny, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Frankia alni, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0303 health sciences, Facultative, Geography, biology, 030306 microbiology, fungi, food and beverages, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], DNA Transposable Elements, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Actinorhizal plant, [ SDE.BE.ECOM ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.ecom, Gene Deletion, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract: Soil bacteria that also form mutualistic symbioses in plants encounter two major levels of selection. One occurs during adaptation to and survival in soil, and the other occurs in concert with host plant speciation and adaptation. Actinobacteria from the genus Frankia are facultative symbionts that form N2-fixing root nodules on diverse and globally distributed angiosperms in the “actinorhizal” symbioses. Three closely related clades of Frankia sp. strains are recognized; members of each clade infect a subset of plants from among eight angiosperm families. We sequenced the genomes from three strains; their sizes varied from 5.43 Mbp for a narrow host range strain (Frankia sp. strain HFPCcI3) to 7.50 Mbp for a medium host range strain (Frankia alni strain ACN14a) to 9.04 Mbp for a broad host range strain (Frankia sp. strain EAN1pec.) This size divergence is the largest yet reported for such closely related soil bacteria (97.8%–98.9% identity of 16S rRNA genes). The extent of gene deletion, duplication, and acquisition is in concert with the biogeographic history of the symbioses and host plant speciation. Host plant isolation favored genome contraction, whereas host plant diversification favored genome expansion. The results support the idea that major genome expansions as well as reductions can occur in facultative symbiotic soil bacteria as they respond to new environments in the context of their symbioses.
Published: 2006

35. Local Food Systems under Global Influence: The Case of Food, Health and Environment in Five Socio-Ecosystems

Author: Michael Rapinski, Richard Raymond, Damien Davy, Thora Herrmann, Jean-Philippe Bedell, Abdou Ka, Guillaume Odonne, Laine Chanteloup, Pascal Jean Lopez, Éric Foulquier, Eduardo Ferreira da Silva, Nathalie El Deghel, Gilles Boëtsch, Véronique Coxam, Fabienne Joliet, Anne-Marie Guihard-Costa, Laurence Tibère, Julie-Anne Nazare, Priscilla Duboz, Éco-Anthropologie (EA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), University of Oulu, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte Internationale 'Environnement Santé Sociétés' (ESS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Brest), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - IGARUN), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - IGARUN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Departamento de Geociencias, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Territorio (DGAOT), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - IGARUN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biologie, anthropologie, biométrie, épigénétique, lignées : De la diversité des populations à l'individu, de l'identification à l'identité (BABEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-11-LABX-0010,DRIIHM / IRDHEI,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), UNH Space Science Center [Durham] (SSC), University of New Hampshire (UNH), Lyvet, Nathalie, Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux - - DRIIHM / IRDHEI2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0010 - LABX - VALID, Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (NantesUniv – IGARUN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (NantesUniv – IGARUN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (NantesUniv – IGARUN), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, Canada, Portugal, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Geography, Planning and Development, Building and Construction, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Senegal, epidemiologic transition, French Guiana, chronic diseases, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, One Health, nutrition and food transition, Guadeloupe, globalization
Abstract: International audience; Globalization is transforming food systems around the world. With few geographical areas spared from nutritional, dietary and epidemiological transitions, chronic diseases have reached pandemic proportions. A question therefore arises as to the sustainability of local food systems. The overall purpose of this article is to put in perspective how local food systems respond to globalization through the assessment of five different case studies stemming from an international research network of Human-Environment Observatories (OHM), namely Nunavik (Québec, Canada), Oyapock (French Guiana, France), Estarreja (Portugal), Téssékéré (Senegal) and Littoral-Caraïbes (Guadeloupe, France). Each region retains aspects of its traditional food system, albeit under different patterns of influence modelled by various factors. These include history, cultural practices, remoteness and accessibility to and integration of globalized ultra-processed foods that induce differential health impacts. Furthermore, increases in the threat of environmental contamination can undermine the benefits of locally sourced foods for the profit of ultra-processed foods. These case studies demonstrate that: (i) the influence of globalization on food systems can be properly understood by integrating sociohistorical trajectories, socioeconomic and sociocultural context, ongoing local environmental issues and health determinants; and (ii) long-term and transverse monitoring is essential to understand the sustainability of local food systems vis-à-vis globalization.
Published: 2023

36. Biogeochemical River Runoff Drives Intense Coastal Arctic Ocean CO2 Outgassing

Author: C. Bertin, D. Carroll, D. Menemenlis, S. Dutkiewicz, H. Zhang, A. Matsuoka, S. Tank, M. Manizza, C. E. Miller, M. Babin, A. Mangin, V. Le Fouest, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] (EOS), University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Alberta, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work is part of the Nunataryuk project, the project has received funding under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 773421. This work was also funded by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, LEFE program). Part of this research was supported by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Global Change Observation Mission-Climate (GCOM-C) to AM (contract #19RT000542). This work was also supported by the NASA Earth Science Division's Interdisciplinary Science (IDS) program through an award to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). Part of this research was supported by the Arctic Great River Observatory (ArcticGRO) to ST (contract NSF 1913888)., and European Project: 773421,H2020,H2020-BG-2017-1,NUNATARYUK(2017)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Geophysics, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Arctic warming alters land-to-sea fluxes of nutrients and organic matter, which impact air-sea carbon exchange. Here we use an ocean-biogeochemical model of the southeastern Beaufort Sea (SBS) to investigate the role of Mackenzie River biogeochemical discharge in modulating air-sea CO2 fluxes during 2000–2019. The contribution of six biogeochemical discharge constituents leads to a net CO2 outgassing of 0.13 TgC yr −1, with a decrease in the coastal SBS carbon sink of 0.23 and 0.4 TgC yr −1 due to riverine dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, respectively. Years with high (low) discharge promote more CO2 outgassing (uptake) from the river plume. These results demonstrate that the Mackenzie River modulates the capacity of the SBS to act as a sink or source of atmospheric CO2. Our work suggests that accurate model representation of land-to-sea biogeochemical coupling can be critical for assessing present-day Arctic coastal ocean response to the rapidly changing environment.
Published: 2023

37. On the need to establish an international soil modelling consortium

Author: Harry Vereecken, Jan Vanderborght, Andrea Schnepf, Nicolas Brüggemann, Wulf Amelung, Michael Herbst, Mathieu Javaux, Zee, Sjoerd E. A. T. M., Dani Or, Jirka Simunek, Martinus Th. van Genuchten, Jasper Vrugt, Hopmans, Jan W., Young, Michael H., Philippe Baveye, Yakov Pachepsky, Marnik Vanclooster, Hallett, Paul D., Aaldrik Tiktak, Diederik Jacques, Tomas Vogel, Nicholas Jarvis, Peter Finke, Juan José Jiménez, Patricia Garnier, Li, Changsheng S., Jérôme Ogée, Alain Mollier, Francois Lafolie, Isabelle Cousin, Valerie Pot-Genty, Pierre-Alain Maron, Tiina Roose, Wall, Diana H., Andreas Schwen, Claude Doussan, Hans-Jörg Vogel, Gerard Govers, Wolfgang Durner, Eckart Priesack, Kurt Roth, Rainer Horn, Stefan Kollet, Andrea Rinaldo, Andy Whitmore, Keith Goulding, Parton, William J., Agrosphere Institute, IBG-3, Institute of Bio-geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Centre for High-Performance Scientific Computing in Terrestrial Systems, HPSC TerrSys, Earth and Life Institute‐Environmental Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Department Soil Physics and Land Management, Environmental Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Soil and Terrestrial Environmental Physics, Department of Environmental Sciences [Riverside], University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California-University of California, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Earth Sciences [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Department of Earth System Science [Irvine] (ESS), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem dynamics, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Soil and Water Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Earth and Life Institute ‐ Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Institute for Environment, Health and Safet, Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire (SCK-CEN), Department of Hydraulics and Hydrology [Praha], Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), Dept. Soil & Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] (EOS), University of New Hampshire (UNH), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Bioengineering Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, University of Southampton, School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Department Soil System Science [UFZ Leipzig], Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven] (EES), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Institute for Geoecology, Soil Science and Soil Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Institute of Soil Ecology [Neuherberg] (IBOE), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Dipartimento IMAGE, and International Centre for Hydrology 'Dino Tonini', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory [Fort Collins] (NREL), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Bureau of Economic Geology [Austin] (BEG), Jackson School of Geosciences (JSG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin]-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Earth and Life Institute - Environmental Sciences (ELIE), Departement of Soil and Environment, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Université Catholique de Louvain ( UCL ), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich ( ETH Zürich ), University of California [Riverside] ( UCR ), University of California [Irvine] ( UCI ), Department of Earth System Science [Irvine] ( ESS ), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ), University of California Davis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ( RPI ), Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire ( SCK-CEN ), Czech Technical University in Prague ( CTU ), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences ( SLU ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Spanish National Research Council ( CSIC ), Environnement et Grandes Cultures ( EGC ), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] ( EOS ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère ( ISPA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine ( Bordeaux Sciences Agro ), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes ( EMMAH ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Unité de recherche Science du Sol ( USS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, University of Southampton [Southampton], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] ( CSU ), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ( UFZ ), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Division of Geography, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Institute of Soil Ecology [Neuherberg] ( IBOE ), Helmholtz-Zentrum München ( HZM ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] ( IUP ), Christian Albrechts University, Universita degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua = Université de Padoue, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte
Subjects: [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract: absent
Published: 2014

38. On the need to establish an international soil modelling consortium

Author: Vereecken, Harry, Vanderborght, Jan, Schnepf, Andrea, Brüggemann, Nicolas, Amelung, Wulf, Herbst, Michael, Javaux, Mathieu, Van der Zee, Sjoerd E.A.T.M, Or, Dani, Simunek, Jirka, van Genuchten, Martinus Th., Vrugt, Jasper A., Hopmans, Jan W., Young, Michael H., Baveye, Philippe, Pachepsky, Yakov, Vanclooster, Marnik, Hallett, Paul D., Tiktak, Aaldrik, Jacques, Diederik, Vogel, Tomas, Jarvis, Nicholas, Finke, Peter, Jiménez, Juan José, Li, Changsheng S., Ogée, Jérôme, Mollier, Alain, Lafolie, Francois, Cousin, Isabelle, Pot-Genty, Valerie, Maron, Pierre-Alain, Roose, Tiina, Wall, Diana H., Schwen, Andreas, Doussan, Claude, Vogel, Hans-Jörg, Govers, Gerard, Durner, Wolfgang, Priesack, Eckart, Roth, Kurt, Horn, Rainer, Kollet, Stefan, Rinaldo, Andrea, Whitmore, Andy, Goulding, Keith, Parton, William J., Agrosphere Institute, IBG-3, Institute of Bio-geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Centre for High-Performance Scientific Computing in Terrestrial Systems, HPSC TerrSys, Earth and Life Institute‐Environmental Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain ( UCL ), Department Soil Physics and Land Management, Environmental Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), Soil and Terrestrial Environmental Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich ( ETH Zürich ), Department of Environmental Sciences [Riverside], University of California [Riverside] ( UCR ), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Earth Sciences [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California [Irvine] ( UCI ), Department of Earth System Science [Irvine] ( ESS ), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem dynamics, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ), Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Soil and Water Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ( RPI ), Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Earth and Life Institute ‐ Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Institute for Environment, Health and Safet, Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire ( SCK-CEN ), Department of Hydraulics and Hydrology [Praha], Czech Technical University in Prague ( CTU ), Dept. Soil & Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences ( SLU ), Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), Spanish National Research Council ( CSIC ), Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] ( EOS ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère ( ISPA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine ( Bordeaux Sciences Agro ), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes ( EMMAH ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Unité de recherche Science du Sol ( USS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Environnement et Grandes Cultures ( EGC ), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Bioengineering Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, University of Southampton [Southampton], School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] ( CSU ), Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department Soil System Science [UFZ Leipzig], Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ( UFZ ), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Division of Geography, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Institute for Geoecology, Soil Science and Soil Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Institute of Soil Ecology [Neuherberg] ( IBOE ), Helmholtz-Zentrum München ( HZM ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] ( IUP ), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian Albrechts University, Dipartimento IMAGE, and International Centre for Hydrology 'Dino Tonini', Universita degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua = Université de Padoue, Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California-University of California, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Department of Earth System Science [Irvine] (ESS), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire (SCK-CEN), Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] (EOS), University of New Hampshire (UNH), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, University of Southampton, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven] (EES), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Institute of Soil Ecology [Neuherberg] (IBOE), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory [Fort Collins] (NREL), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Bureau of Economic Geology [Austin] (BEG), Jackson School of Geosciences (JSG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin]-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Earth and Life Institute - Environmental Sciences (ELIE), Departement of Soil and Environment, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), and Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig]
Subjects: sol, modélisation des sols, Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, partenariat de recherche, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Sciences de la Terre, expert scientifique, soil
Abstract: absent
Published: 2014

39. Vitamin D status modulates mitochondrial oxidative capacities in skeletal muscle: role in sarcopenia

Author: Jérôme Salles, Audrey Chanet, Christelle Guillet, Anouk MM. Vaes, Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma, Christophe Rocher, Christophe Giraudet, Véronique Patrac, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Christophe Montaurier, Philippe Denis, Olivier Le Bacquer, Adeline Blot, Marion Jourdan, Yvette Luiking, Matthew Furber, Miriam Van Dijk, Nicolas Tardif, Y. Yves Boirie, Stéphane Walrand, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Laboratoire de biogenèse membranaire (LBM), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (CRNH A), Direction de la recherche clinique et de l’innovation [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (DRCI), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Danone Nutricia Research [Utrecht], Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Salles, Jérôme, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Department of Earth Sciences [UNH Durham], University of New Hampshire (UNH), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, and Karolinska University Hospital [Solna, Sweden] (KUH)
Subjects: Global Nutrition, Wereldvoeding, Sarcopenia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Vitamin D Deficiency, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Rats, Mitochondria, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Mice, Oxidative Stress, Humans, Animals, Life Science, Vitamin D, Muscle, Skeletal, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Aged
Abstract: Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is the biggest component of whole-body energy output. Mitochondrial energy production during exercise is impaired in vitamin D-deficient subjects. In cultured myotubes, loss of vitamin D receptor (VDR) function decreases mitochondrial respiration rate and ATP production from oxidative phosphorylation. We aimed to examine the effects of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on whole-body energy expenditure and muscle mitochondrial function in old rats, old mice, and human subjects. To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved, we used C2C12 and human muscle cells and transgenic mice with muscle-specific VDR tamoxifen-inducible deficiency. We observed that in vivo and in vitro vitamin D fluctuations changed mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative activity in skeletal muscle. Vitamin D supplementation initiated in older people improved muscle mass and strength. We hypothesize that vitamin D supplementation is likely to help prevent not only sarcopenia but also sarcopenic obesity in vitamin D-deficient subjects.
Published: 2022

40. Identification par une approche de métabolomique des voies métaboliques associées à la fragilité dans une cohorte de personnes âgées

Author: Bougel, Céline, Servien, Rémi, Vialaneix, Nathalie, Canlet, Cécile, Debrauwer, Laurent, Demuth, Ilja, Norman, Kristina, Vetter, Valentin, Dardevet, Dominique, Polakof, Sergio, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], UNH Space Science Center [Durham] (SSC), University of New Hampshire (UNH), and Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Subjects: prévention, biomarqueurs, métabolisme, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

41. Observations of hydroxyl and peroxy radicals and the impact of BrO at Summit, Greenland in 2007 and 2008

Author: Jin Liao, Neil Brough, David J. Tanner, Jack E. Dibb, S. Brooks, Jennie L. Thomas, L. G. Huey, K. A. Gorham, C. L. Haman, Barry Lefer, Jochen Stutz, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), EOS Climate Change Research Center [Durham], Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] (EOS), University of New Hampshire (UNH)-University of New Hampshire (UNH), Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Los Angeles] (AOS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geosciences [Houston], University of Houston, Department of Chemistry [Irvine], and University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Ozone, antarctic boundary-layer, Meteorology, Radical, Analytical chemistry, Greenland ice sheet, chemistry.chemical_element, south-pole, snow, chemistry, lcsh:Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, pernitric acid, Nitric acid, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, ozone destruction, Nitrous acid, Chemical ionization, Bromine, hydrogen-peroxide, coastal antarctica, oh, iscat, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:QD1-999, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Nitrogen oxide, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: The Greenland Summit Halogen-HOx (GSHOX) Campaign was performed in spring 2007 and summer 2008 to investigate the impact of halogens on HOx (= OH + HO2) cycling above the Greenland Ice Sheet. Chemical species including hydroxyl and peroxy radicals (OH and HO2 + RO2), ozone (O3), nitrogen oxide (NO), nitric acid (HNO3), nitrous acid (HONO), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM), and bromine oxide (BrO) were measured during the campaign. The median midday values of HO2 + RO2 and OH concentrations observed by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) were 2.7 × 108 molec cm−3 and 3.0 × 106 molec cm−3 in spring 2007, and 4.2 × 108 molec cm−3 and 4.1 × 106 molec cm−3 in summer 2008. A basic photochemical 0-D box model highly constrained by observations of H2O, O3, CO, CH4, NO, and J values predicted HO2 + RO2 (R = 0.90, slope = 0.87 in 2007; R = 0.79, slope = 0.96 in 2008) reasonably well and under predicted OH (R = 0.83, slope = 0.72 in 2007; R = 0.76, slope = 0.54 in 2008). Constraining the model to HONO observations did not significantly improve the ratio of OH to HO2 + RO2 and the correlation between predictions and observations. Including bromine chemistry in the model constrained by observations of BrO improved the correlation between observed and predicted HO2 + RO2 and OH, and brought the average hourly OH and HO2 + RO2 predictions closer to the observations. These model comparisons confirmed our understanding of the dominant HOx sources and sinks in this environment and indicated that BrO impacted the OH levels at Summit. Although, significant discrepancies between observed and predicted OH could not be explained by the measured BrO. Finally, observations of enhanced RGM were found to be coincident with under prediction of OH.
Published: 2011

42. Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 December 2009-31 January 2010

Author: Anderson, Cynthia M., Aparicio, Gallego J., Atangana, Alain R., Beaulieu, Jean, Bruford, Michael W., Cain, Forest, Campos, T., Cariani, A., Carvalho, M.A., Chen, Nan, Chen, P.P., Clamens, Anne-Laure, Clark, Ann M., Coeur D'Acier, A., Connolly, Paul, Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo, Coughlan, James P., Cross, Thomas S., DAVID, Bruno, De Bruyn, Colin, De Meyer, M., De Ridder, Chantal, Delatte, Hélène, Dettori, M.T., Downer, S.J., Dubreuil, Christine, Evans, K.J., Fan, Bin, Ferrara, G., Gagné, André, Gaillard, Maria, Gigliarelli, L., Giovinazzi, J., Gomez, D.R., Grünwald, N.J., Hansson, Bengt, Huotari, T., Jank, L., Jousselin, Emmanuelle, Jungmann, L., Kaczmarek, M.E., Khasa, Damase P., Kneebone, Jeff, Korpelainen, H., Kostamo, K., Lanfaloni, L., Lin, Haoran, Liu, Xiaochun, Lucentini, L., Maes, G.E., Mahaffee, W.F., Meng, Zining, Micali, S., Milano, I., Mok, H.F., Morin, L., Neill, T.M., Newton, Craig H., Ostrow, D. Gigi, Palomba, A., Panara, F., Puletti, M.E., Quarta, R., Quilici, Serge, Ramos, A.K.B., Rigaud, Thierry, Risterucci, Ange Marie, Salomon, Matthew P., Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A., Sarver, Shane K., Sequeira, A.S., Sforça, D.A., Simiand, Christophe, Smith, Brian, Sousa, A.C.B., Souza, A.P., Stepien, C.C., Stuckert, A.J., Sulikowski, James, Tayeh, A., Tinti, F., Tsang, Paul C.W., Van Houdt, J.K.J., Vendramin, E., Verde, I., Virgilio, M., Wang, Huan L., Wang, Le, Wattier, Rémi A., Wellenreuther, Maren, Xie, Cong X., Zane, L., Zhang, Xiu J., Zhang, Yong, Zhuang, Zhimeng, Zucchi, M.I., Center for the Conservation of Biological Resources, Black Hills State University, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética (CBMEG), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Department of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] (MAPA), Governo do Brasil-Governo do Brasil, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, ministry of education-Huazhong Agricultural University, Department of Biological Sciences [Wellesley], Wellesley College, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Marine Institute, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Department of Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science, University College Cork (UCC), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire de Biologie marine, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Centro di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura, CRA, Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU), Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), CSIRO Entomology [Canberra], CSIRO Entomology, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Department of Animal Ecology, Lund University [Lund], Department of Applied Biology, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Vizon SciTecInc., Department of Biology [Gainesville] (UF|Biology), Polymorphismes d'intérêt agronomique (UMR PIA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Biologia Vegetal (DBV), Marine Science Center, University of New England (UNE), Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Department of Biology, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Pólo Apta Centro Sul, CYNTHIA M. ANDERSON, GALLEGO J. APARICIO, ALAIN R. ATANGANA, JEAN BEAULIEU, M.W. BRUFORD, FORREST CAIN, T. CAMPOS, A. CARIANI, M.A. CARVALHO, NAN CHEN, P.P. CHEN, A.-L. CLAMENS, ANN M. CLARK, A. COEUR D’ACIER, PAUL CONNOLLY, ADOLFO CORDERO-RIVERA, JAMES P. COUGHLAN, THOMAS S. CROSS, BRUNO DAVID, COLIN DE BRUYN, M. DE MEYER, CHANTAL DE RIDDER, H. DELATTE, M.T. DETTORI, S.J. DOWNER, CHRISTINE DUBREUIL, K.J. EVANS, BIN FAN, G. FERRARA, ANDRÉ GAGNÉ, MARIA GAILLARD, L. GIGLIARELLI, J. GIOVINAZZI, D.R. GOMEZ, N.J. GRÜNWALD, BENGT HANSSON, T. HUOTARI, L. JANK, E. JOUSSELIN, L. JUNGMANN, M.E. KACZMAREK, DAMASE P. KHASA, JEFF KNEEBONE, H. KORPELAINEN, K. KOSTAMO, L. LANFALONI, HAORAN LIN, XIAOCHUN LIU, L. LUCENTINI, G.E. MAES, W.F. MAHAFFEE, ZINING MENG, S. MICALI, I. MILANO, H.F. MOK, L. MORIN, T.M. NEILL, CRAIG H. NEWTON, D. GIGI OSTROW, A. PALOMBA, F. PANARA, M.E. PULETTI, R. QUARTA, S. QUILICI, A.K.B. RAMOS, THIERRY RIGAUD, A.M. RISTERUCCI, MATTHEW P. SALOMON, ROSA A. SÁNCHEZ-GUILLÉN, SHANE K. SARVER, A.S. SEQUEIRA, D.A. SFORÇA, C. SIMIAND, BRIAN SMITH, A.C.B. SOUSA, A.P. SOUZA, C.C. STEPIEN, A.J. STUCKERT, JAMES SULIKOWSKI, A. TAYEH, F. TINTI, PAUL C.W. TSANG, J.K.J. VAN HOUDT, E. VENDRAMIN, I. VERDE, M. VIRGILIO, HUAN L. WANG, LE WANG, RÉMI A. WATTIER, MAREN WELLENREUTHER, CONG X. XIE, L. ZANE, XIU J. ZHANG, YONG ZHANG, ZHIMENG ZHUANG, M.I. ZUCCHI, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université McGill -Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, University of Florida [Gainesville], Universidate de Vigo, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Centre d'étude de la forêt ( CEF ), Université Laval, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - CFS (CANADA)-Laurentian Forestry Centre, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética ( CBMEG ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas ( UNICAMP ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária ( Embrapa ), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations ( CBGP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), University College Cork ( UCC ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] ( ULB ), Royal Museum for Central Africa, UMR Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical ( UMR PVBMT - Université de La Réunion ), Université de la Réunion ( UR ), University of Tasmania, Sun Yat-Sen University, Università degli Studi di Perugia ( UNIPG ), USDA-ARS, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), The Finnish Environment Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Polymorphismes d'intérêt agronomique ( PIA ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Departamento de Biologia Vegetal ( DBV ), University of New England ( UNE ), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), and Universita degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua = Université de Padoue
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, microsatellite, Population genetics, Conservation Genetic, Allanblackia, Atlantic bluefin tuna, computer.software_genre, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pistacia terebinthus, microsatellites, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Genetics, Bactrocera, EST, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Database, biology, Pistacia, Thunnu, Animal, Ceratitis rosa, Ceratitis capitata, L10 - Génétique et amélioration des animaux, biology.organism_classification, Ischnura, Allanblackia floribunda, Fish, Genetic markers, Plante, GENETIQUE DES POPULATIONS, [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, computer, ECOLOGIE, Biotechnology
Abstract: 4 pages; International audience; This article documents the addition of 220 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Allanblackia floribunda, Amblyraja radiata, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Calopogonium mucunoides, Dissodactylus primitivus, Elodea canadensis, Ephydatia fluviatilis, Galapaganus howdenae howdenae, Hoplostethus atlanticus, Ischnura elegans, Larimichthys polyactis, Opheodrys vernalis, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Phragmidium violaceum, Pistacia vera, and Thunnus thynnus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Allanblackia gabonensis, Allanblackia stanerana, Neoceratitis cyanescens, Dacus ciliatus, Dacus demmerezi, Bactrocera zonata, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis rosa, Ceratits catoirii, Dacus punctatifrons, Ephydatia mülleri, Spongilla lacustris, Geodia cydonium, Axinella sp., Ischnura graellsii, Ischnura ramburii, Ischnura pumilio, Pistacia integerrima and Pistacia terebinthus.
Published: 2010

43. The implication of life style on codon usage patterns and predicted highly expressed genes for three Frankia genomes

Author: Arnab Sen, David R. Benson, Philippe Normand, Louis S. Tisa, Asim K. Bothra, Saubashya Sur, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Department of Microbiology, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raiganj University College, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), University of Connecticut ( UCONN ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS )
Subjects: Codon Adaptation Index, Codon bias, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Frankia, [SDE.BE.ECOM]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.ecom, Molecular Sequence Data, Gene Expression, Microbiology, Genome, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Nitrogen fixation, Bacterial Proteins, Predicted highly expressed genes, Gene expression, Codon, Molecular Biology, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology, 030306 microbiology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Actinorhizal symbiosis, Correspondence analysis, Genes, Bacterial, Codon usage bias, Actinomycetales, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.BE.ECOM ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.ecom, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract: Frankia are nitrogen-fixing actinomycetes that form a symbiotic association with over 200 species of woody dicotyledonous plants. Recently, three Frankia genomes were completely sequenced. In this study, the synonymous codon usage patterns of three Frankia genomes (strains CcI3, ACN14a, and EAN1pec) were determined and compared to each other and to other actinobacteria. As expected for a high G+C organism, codon usage by Frankia was highly biased, but differences were observed among the three strains. Using the codon adaptation index (CAI) as a numerical estimator of gene expression level, highly expressed genes in Frankia were predicted with ribosomal protein genes as a reference. The analysis of the predicted highly expressed genes showed that Frankia strain CcI3 had a different profile from the other two strains. StrainCcI3 had fewer predicted highly expressed genes in several COG categories including lipid transport and metabolism, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, inorganic ion transport and metabolism, and general function prediction only than Frankia strains EAN1pec and ACN14a. Interestingly, Frankia EAN1pec had more predicted highly expressed genes in transcription and signal transduction mechanisms than the other two strains. These differences were not just a reflection in total gene numbers, but also based on percentage of geneswithin a category.These results support the hypothesis that strain CcI3 is becoming a symbiotic specialist and the other two facultative symbiotic strains are maintaining their capacity to exist as free-living soil dwellers.
Published: 2008

44. Total Observed Organic Carbon (TOOC): A synthesis of North American observations

Author: Heald, C. L., Goldstein, A. H., Allan, J. D., Aiken, A. C., Apel, E., Atlas, E. L., Baker, A. K., Bates, T. S., Beyersdorf, A. J., Blake, D. R., Campos, T., Coe, H., Crounse, J. D., Decarlo, P. F., De Gouw, J. A., Dunlea, E. J., Flocke, F. M., Fried, A., Goldan, P., Griffin, R. J., Herndon, S. C., Holloway, J. S., Holzinger, R., Jimenez, J. L., Junkermann, W., Kuster, W. C., Lewis, A. C., Meinardi, S., Millet, D. B., Onasch, T., Polidori, A., Quinn, P. K., Riemer, D. D., Roberts, J. M., Salcedo, D., Sive, B., Swanson, A. L., Talbot, R., Warneke, C., Weber, R. J., Weibring, P., Wennberg, P. O., Wittig, A. E., Zhang, R., Zheng, J., Zheng, W., Department of Environmental Science and Policy Management, University of California, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] ( ATOC ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences ( CIRES ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), Atmospheric Chemistry Division [Boulder], National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] ( NCAR ), Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry Division [Miami], Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science ( RSMAS ), University of Miami [Coral Gables]-University of Miami [Coral Gables], Department of Chemistry, NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] ( PMEL ), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), ESRL Chemical Sciences Division [Boulder] ( CSD ), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory ( ESRL ), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) -National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), Institute for Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), Aerodyne Research Inc., Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research [Utrecht] ( IMAU ), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Department of Soil, Water and Climate, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California ( USC ), Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Northrop Grumman Space Technology ( Northrop Grumman Space Technology ), Chemistry Technology Department, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Department of Civil Engineering, The City College of New York ( CCNY ), City University of New-York [New-York] ( CUNY ) -City University of New-York [New-York] ( CUNY ), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [College Station], Texas A&M University [College Station], Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management [Berkeley] (ESPM), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEAES), University of Manchester [Manchester], Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] (ATOC), University of Colorado [Boulder], Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), ESRL Chemical Sciences Division [Boulder] (CSD), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), University of New Hampshire (UNH), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research [Utrecht] (IMAU), Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, University of Southern California (USC), Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Northrop Grumman Space Technology (Northrop Grumman Space Technology), The City College of New York (CCNY), and City University of New York [New York] (CUNY)-City University of New York [New York] (CUNY)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Caltech Library Services, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Measurements of organic carbon compounds in both the gas and particle phases measured upwind, over and downwind of North America are synthesized to examine the total observed organic carbon (TOOC) over this region. These include measurements made aboard the NOAA WP-3 and BAe-146 aircraft, the NOAA research vessel Ronald H. Brown, and at the Thompson Farm and Chebogue Point surface sites during the summer 2004 ICARTT campaign. Both winter and summer 2002 measurements during the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study are also included. Lastly, the spring 2002 observations at Trinidad Head, CA, surface measurements made in March 2006 in Mexico City and coincidentally aboard the C-130 aircraft during the MILAGRO campaign and later during the IMPEX campaign off the northwestern United States are incorporated. Concentrations of TOOC in these datasets span more than two orders of magnitude. The daytime mean TOOC ranges from 4.0 to 456 μgC m−3 from the cleanest site (Trinidad Head) to the most polluted (Mexico City). Organic aerosol makes up 3–17% of this mean TOOC, with highest fractions reported over the northeastern United States, where organic aerosol can comprise up to 50% of TOOC. Carbon monoxide concentrations explain 46 to 86% of the variability in TOOC, with highest TOOC/CO slopes in regions with fresh anthropogenic influence, where we also expect the highest degree of mass closure for TOOC. Correlation with isoprene, formaldehyde, methyl vinyl ketene and methacrolein also indicates that biogenic activity contributes substantially to the variability of TOOC, yet these tracers of biogenic oxidation sources do not explain the variability in organic aerosol observed over North America. We highlight the critical need to develop measurement techniques to routinely detect total gas phase VOCs, and to deploy comprehensive suites of TOOC instruments in diverse environments to quantify the ambient evolution of organic carbon from source to sink.
Published: 2007

45. Summertime influence of Asian pollution in the free troposphere over North America

Author: Lyatt Jaeglé, Daniel J. Jacob, R. C. Hudman, G. W. Sachse, Paul O. Wennberg, Ronald C. Cohen, Hanwant B. Singh, Michael Porter, Qing Liang, Alan Fried, Melody A. Avery, William H. Brune, Greg Huey, Xinrong Ren, Edward V. Browell, Jack E. Dibb, Solène Turquety, Henry E. Fuelberg, Donald R. Blake, Brian G. Heikes, Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Harvard University, Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science [PennState], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), EOS Climate Change Research Center [Durham], Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space [Durham] (EOS), University of New Hampshire (UNH)-University of New Hampshire (UNH), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Department of Oceanography [Narragansett], University of Rhode Island (URI), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)
Subjects: Delta, Pollution, Atmospheric Science, roposphere: composition and chemistry, Asia, Chemical transport model, media_common.quotation_subject, Soil Science, Aquatic Science, Pollution: urban and regional, Oceanography, Atmospheric sciences, Troposphere, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Stratosphere, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, media_common, Peroxyacetyl nitrate, Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry, Ecology, intercontinental transport, Paleontology, Forestry, ozone, Geophysics, chemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Climatology, Middle latitudes, Atmospheric chemistry, Environmental science
Abstract: International audience; We analyze aircraft observations obtained during INTEX-A (1 July to 14 August 2004) to examine the summertime influence of Asian pollution in the free troposphere over North America. By applying correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to the observations between 6 and 12 km, we find dominant influences from recent convection and lightning (13% of observations), Asia (7%), the lower stratosphere (7%), and boreal forest fires (2%), with the remaining 71% assigned to background. Asian air masses are marked by high levels of CO, O3, HCN, PAN, C2H2, C6H6, methanol, and SO42-. The partitioning of NOy species in the Asian plumes is dominated by PAN (∼600 pptv), with varying NOx/HNO3 ratios in individual plumes, consistent with individual transit times of 3-9 days. Export of Asian pollution occurred in warm conveyor belts of midlatitude cyclones, deep convection, and in typhoons. Compared to Asian outflow measurements during spring, INTEX-A observations display lower levels of anthropogenic pollutants (CO, C3H8, C2H6, C6H6) due to shorter summer lifetimes; higher levels of biogenic tracers (methanol and acetone) because of a more active biosphere; and higher levels of PAN, NOx, HNO3, and O3 reflecting active photochemistry, possibly enhanced by efficient NOy export and lightning. The high ΔO3/ΔCO ratio (0.76 mol/mol) in Asian plumes during INTEX-A is due to strong photochemical production and, in some cases, mixing with stratospheric air along isentropic surfaces. The GEOS-Chem global model captures the timing and location of the Asian plumes. However, it significantly underestimates the magnitude of observed enhancements in CO, O3, PAN and NOx.
Published: 2007

46. Exploring the genomes of Frankia

Author: David R. Benson, Claudine Médigue, Zoé Rouy, Clothilde Queiroux, Stéphane Cruveiller, Louis S. Tisa, Philippe Normand, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Department of Microbiology, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Structure et évolution des génomes (SEG), CNS-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), Structure et évolution des génomes ( SEG ), CNS-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Whole genome sequencing, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 030306 microbiology, Physiology, Frankia, Cell Biology, Plant Science, General Medicine, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Genome, 03 medical and health sciences, Evolutionary biology, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Gene duplication, Gene cluster, Adaptation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Actinorhizal plant, Gene, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: The recent determination of the genome sequence of three Frankia strains has highlighted the evolutionary forces that have shaped the genetic makeup of the actinorhizal symbionts and it has opened up many avenues of research. Instances of gene duplication, gene loss and gene acquisition through lateral transfer show that the three Frankia genomes are dynamic and have evolved as a function of their host characteristics and biogeography. No convincing nod gene cluster or significant symbiotic island could be discerned. All the genes presently known to be involved in the symbiosis (nif, hup1 and hup2, shc) are found spread over the genome in at least four clusters. The results will be discussed with emphasis on understanding the mechanisms underlying the interaction and link between evolutionary forces and ecological adaptation to different biotopes.
Published: 2007

47. COMPTEL data analysis using GammaLib and ctools

Author: J. Knödlseder, W. Collmar, M. Jarry, M. McConnell, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of New Hampshire (UNH), and Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI)
Subjects: stars: neutron, binaries: general, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, ISM: atoms, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), methods: data analysis, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract: More than 20 years after the end of NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory mission, the data collected by its Imaging Compton Telescope (COMPTEL) still provide the most comprehensive and deepest view of our Universe in MeV gamma rays. While most of the COMPTEL data are archived at NASA's High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), the absence of any publicly available software for their analysis means the data cannot benefit from the scientific advances made in the field of gamma-ray astronomy at higher energies. To make this unique treasure again accessible for science, we developed open source software that enables a comprehensive and modern analysis of the archived COMPTEL telescope data. Our software is based on a dedicated plug-in to the GammaLib library, a community-developed toolbox for the analysis of astronomical gamma-ray data. We implemented high-level scripts for building science analysis workflows in ctools, a community-developed gamma-ray astronomy science analysis software framework. We describe the implementation of our software and provide the underlying algorithms. Using data from the HEASARC archive, we demonstrate that our software reproduces derived data products that were obtained in the past using the proprietary COMPTEL software. We furthermore demonstrate that our software reproduces COMPTEL science results published in the literature. This brings the COMPTEL telescope data back into life, allowing them to benefit from recent advances in gamma-ray astronomy, and gives the community a means to unveil its still hidden treasures., Comment: 31 pages, 23 figures
Published: 2022
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48. Inventories of N2O and NO emissions from European forest soils

Author: Kesik, M., Ambus, P., Baritz, R., Brüggemann, N., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Damm, M., Duyzer, J., Horváth, L., Kiese, R., Kitzler, B., Leip, A., Li, C., Pihlatie, M., Pilegaard, K., Seufert, G., Simpson, D., Skiba, U., Smiatek, G., Vesala, T., Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S., Karlsruhe Research Centre, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Risoe National Laboratory, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources ( BGR ), The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Hungarian Meteorological Service, Hungarian Meteorological Service ( OMSz ), Federal Forest Research Centre, Institute for Forest Ecology and Soil, Commission of the European Communities, Institute for Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Risø National Laboratory, Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hungarian Meteorological Service (OMSz), Inst. Forest Ecology and Soil, University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Helsinki, Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Karlsruhe Res. Centre, Inst. Meteorology and Climate Research, Risoe National Lab., Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Life, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [ PHYS.ASTR.CO ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], lcsh:Geology, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], lcsh:QH501-531, lcsh:QH540-549.5, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Ecology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [ SDU.ASTR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Forest soils are a significant source for the primary and secondary greenhouse gases N2O and NO. However, current estimates are still uncertain due to the still limited number of field measurements and the herein observed pronounced variability of N trace gas fluxes in space and time, which are due to the variation of environmental factors such as soil and vegetation properties or meteorological conditions. To overcome these problems we further developed a process-oriented model, the PnET-N-DNDC model, which simulates the N trace gas exchange on the basis of the processes involved in production, consumption and emission of N trace gases. This model was validated against field observations of N trace gas fluxes from 19 sites obtained within the EU project NOFRETETE, and shown to perform well for N2O (r=0.68, slope=0.76) and NO (r2=0.78, slope=0.73). For the calculation of a European-wide emission inventory we linked the model to a detailed, regionally and temporally resolved database, comprising climatic properties (daily resolution), and soil parameters, and information on forest areas and types for the years 1990, 1995 and 2000. Our calculations show that N trace gas fluxes from forest soils may vary substantial from year to year and that distinct regional patterns can be observed. Our central estimate of NO emissions from forest soils in the EU amounts to 98.4, 84.9 and 99.2 kt N yr-1, using meteorology from 1990, 1995 and year 2000, respectively. This is x emissions. For N2O emissions the central estimates were 86.8, 77.6 and 81.6 kt N yr-1, respectively, which is approx. 14.5% of the source strength coming from agricultural soils. An extensive sensitivity analysis was conducted which showed a range in NO emissions from 44.4 to 254.0 kt N yr-1 for NO and 50.7 to 96.9 kt N yr-1 for N2O, for year 2000 meteorology. The results show that process-oriented models coupled to a GIS are useful tools for the calculation of regional, national, or global inventories of biogenic N-trace gas emissions from soils. This work represents the most comprehensive effort to date to simulate NO and N2O emissions from European forest soils.
Published: 2005

49. Investigation of the homogeneity of energy conversion processes at dipolarization fronts from MMS measurements

Author: S. W. Alqeeq, O. Le Contel, P. Canu, A. Retinò, T. Chust, L. Mirioni, L. Richard, Y. Aït-Si-Ahmed, A. Alexandrova, A. Chuvatin, N. Ahmadi, S. M. Baraka, R. Nakamura, F. D. Wilder, D. J. Gershman, P. A. Lindqvist, Yu. V. Khotyaintsev, R. E. Ergun, J. L. Burch, R. B. Torbert, C. T. Russell, W. Magnes, R. J. Strangeway, K. R. Bromund, H. Wei, F. Plaschke, B. J. Anderson, B. L. Giles, S. A. Fuselier, Y. Saito, B. Lavraud, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], National Institute of Aerospace [Hampton] (NIA), Institut für Weltraumforschung = Space Research institute [Graz] (IWF), Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), University of Texas at Arlington [Arlington], NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Space Science Center & Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Condensed Matter Physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; We report on six dipolarization fronts (DFs) embedded in fast earthward ﬂows detected by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission during asubstorm event on 23 July 2017. We analyzed Ohm’s law for each event and found that ions are mostly decoupled from the magnetic ﬁeld byHall ﬁelds. However, the electron pressure gradient term is also contributing to the ion decoupling and likely responsible for an electrondecoupling at DF. We also analyzed the energy conversion process and found that the energy in the spacecraft frame is transferred from theelectromagnetic ﬁeld to the plasma (J E > 0) ahead or at the DF, whereas it is the opposite (J E < 0) behind the front. This reversal ismainly due to a local reversal of the cross-tail current indicating a substructure of the DF. In the ﬂuid frame, we found that the energy ismostly transferred from the plasma to the electromagnetic ﬁeld (J E0 < 0) and should contribute to the deceleration of the fast ﬂow.However, we show that the energy conversion process is not homogeneous at the electron scales due to electric ﬁeld ﬂuctuations likely relatedto lower-hybrid drift waves. Our results suggest that the role of DF in the global energy cycle of the magnetosphere still deserves more investigation. In particular, statistical studies on DF are required to be carried out with caution due to these electron scale substructures.
Published: 2022

50. Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Atmospheric Deposition of Dissolved Organic Carbon

Author: Liptzin, Daniel, Boy, Jens, Campbell, John L., Clarke, Nicholas, Laclau, Jean-Paul, Godoy, Roberto, Johnson, Sherri L., Kaiser, Klaus, Likens, Gene E., Karlsson, Gunilla Pihl, Markewitz, Daniel, Rogora, Michela, Sebestyen, Stephen D., Shanley, James B., Vanguelova, Elena, Verstraeten, A., Verstraeten, Arne, Wilcke, Wolfgang, Worrall, Fred, McDowell, William H., University of New Hampshire (UNH), Soil Health Institute [Morrisville], Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Universidad Austral de Chile, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL), Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia [USA], National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Forest Research [Great Britain], Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Durham University, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. This is Scientific Contribution Number 2946., USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture McIntire-Stennis Project 1019522, and LIFE+ 07/ENV D000218 'FutMon' (Further Development and Implementation of an EU-level Forest Monitoring System).
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, P33 - Chimie et physique du sol, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften, Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie, Geography & travel, atmospheric deposition, carbon cycling, dissolved organic carbon, U50 - Sciences physiques et chimie, precipitation chemistry, ddc:540, ddc:550, Environmental Chemistry, global synthesis, ddc:910, General Environmental Science
Abstract: International audience; Atmospheric deposition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to terrestrial ecosystems is a small, but rarely studied component of the global carbon (C) cycle. Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and organic particulates are the sources of atmospheric C and deposition represents a major pathway for the removal of organic C from the atmosphere. Here, we evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of DOC deposition using 70 data sets at least one year in length ranging from 40° south to 66° north latitude. Globally, the median DOC concentration in bulk deposition was 1.7 mg L −1. The DOC concentrations were significantly higher in tropical (25°) latitudes. DOC deposition was significantly higher in the tropics because of both higher DOC concentrations and precipitation. Using the global median or latitudinal specific DOC concentrations leads to a calculated global deposition of 202 or 295 Tg C yr −1 respectively. Many sites exhibited seasonal variability in DOC concentration. At temperate sites, DOC concentrations were higher during the growing season; at tropical sites, DOC concentrations were higher during the dry season. Thirteen of the thirty-four long-term (>10 years) data sets showed significant declines in DOC concentration over time with the others showing no significant change. Based on the magnitude and timing of the various sources of organic C to the atmosphere, biogenic VOCs likely explain the latitudinal pattern and the seasonal pattern at temperate latitudes while decreases in anthropogenic emissions are the most likely explanation for the declines in DOC concentration. Plain Language Summary Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is ubiquitous in precipitation. However, the geographic and temporal patterns in terrestrial ecosystems are not well established. We analyzed 70 data sets of DOC from rainfall collectors sampled for at least a year to examine these patterns and relate them to possible sources of the carbon. The combination of higher concentrations of DOC and more precipitation resulted in greater DOC deposition at low latitude sites. Some sites had strongly seasonal patterns in DOC concentration while others had similar concentrations year round. The most noticeable seasonal pattern was that the mid-latitude sites had the highest concentrations during the summer months. The latitudinal and seasonal patterns of DOC deposition best matched with the pattern of emissions of organic compounds from plants to the atmosphere suggesting plant emissions are the dominant source of DOC to ecosystems. The temporal trends from sites with at least 10 years of data suggest declining DOC concentrations, especially in the mid-latitudes. These declines are consistent with declines in anthropogenic emissions of organic compounds to the atmosphere over this time period. It is essential to document the patterns and changing amounts of DOC and other compounds in precipitation to understand the effects on terrestrial ecosystems.
Published: 2022
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