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The 2022 meeting of the Group for Debates in Anthropological Theory (GDAT) Social Anthropology, University of Manchester. The motion is, of course, a riff on Audre Lorde's well-known 1984 claim that 'the master's tools will never dismantle the master's house. They may allow us temporarily to beat him at his own game, but they will never enable us to bring about genuine change.' Lorde is asking about the tools of a racist and constitutionally exclusionary world, but we can ask similar questions about the tools of an academic discipline, anthropology, which arose during the height of empire, and the house that anthropology has built and its location in the university. Are anthropology's tools able to dismantle a house built on oppression, exploitation and discrimination and then build a different better house? If not, then what kinds of other tools might we use, and what is it that we might want to build? The motion is proposed by David Mills and Mwenda Ntarangwi and opposed by Kelly Gillespie and Naisargi Davé with Soumhya Venkatesan convening and editing the debate for publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nature Communications has been striving to support Early Career Researchers (ECRs) through different pilot schemes including the peer review mentoring programs and co-review mentoring initiative. The 2ndRising Stars workshop, held at the Henry Royce Institute on the 9th of February, 2024, aims to celebrate and support rising stars within underrepresented groups in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects and this greatly aligns with the aspirations in our journal. In this conversation, the experiences and advice shared by representatives from various disciplines in the workshop are translated to a wider audience in Nature Communications. Dr Alex Ramadan (Lecturer at the University of Sheffield), Dr Lucy Whalley (Assistant Professor at Northumbria University), Dr Maddison Coke (Senior Experimental Officer at the University of Manchester), and Dr Yi Liu (Lecturer at Loughborough University) discuss the opportunities and challenges they face towards their career with work-life balance, family and caring responsibility, and diversity and inclusion in their workplace, and share their experiences on how mentorship supports their personal and professional growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the findings of an Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) project, Objects of the Mind: engaging publics in the material cultures of media and mental health (AH/W002140/1), which was co-investigated by academics at the University of East Anglia and the University of Manchester and curators from across the Science Museum Group (SMG). Through this coinvestigation we sought to tap into public interest in the SMG object collections and the accessibility of popular films (supplied by partners StudioCanal) to engage new audiences for our research on the interactions of psychiatry and cinema. From the museum perspective, we sought to use this research to ask new questions and tell new stories about the SMG objects, and to foster crosscollection dialogue between medicine (Science Museum) and media (National Science and Media Museum) collections. We discuss a range of events, activities and outputs we delivered towards these aims, but focus particularly on three new films we produced that (re)combined museum objects, feature film clips and expert interviews to tell new, enhanced or entangled stories about and across the collections. We will use these three short films to demonstrate three dialogues the project fostered: between museum collections; between histories; and between academic disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article represents a collaboration between staff and students from the mental health law undergraduate course at the University of Manchester. It explores a series of reforms proposed in the Draft Mental Health Bill and considers their impact for people from racialised communities, and also for people with a learning disability and/or autism. The article reflects on whether the over-inclusion of these communities within Mental Health Act admissions will be achieved through domestic legal change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay introduces two unpublished letters from Helen Maria Williams to Hester Lynch Piozzi, which are held in the John Rylands Library of the University of Manchester. One of these is undated, but this essay identifies the year when the letter was written, based on the address Williams sent it from and other internal evidence. Through these two letters, this essay offers information about Williams's temporary return to England during her planned two-year trip to France, and provides some insights into her friendship with Piozzi, which was not maintained after 1793. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advances in imaging technologies, such as intra‐oral surface scanning, have rapidly generated large datasets of high‐resolution three‐dimensional (3D) sample reconstructions. These datasets contain a wealth of phenotypic information that can provide an understanding of morphological variation and evolution. The geometric morphometric method (GMM) with landmarks and the development of sliding and surface semilandmark techniques has greatly enhanced the quantification of shape. This study aimed to determine whether there are significant differences in 3D palatal rugae shape between siblings. Digital casts representing 25 pairs of full siblings from each group, male–male (MM), female–female (FF), and female–male (FM), were digitized and transferred to a GM system. The palatal rugae were determined, quantified, and visualized using GMM computational tools with MorphoJ software (University of Manchester). Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical variates analysis (CVA) were employed to analyze palatal rugae shape variability and distinguish between sibling groups based on shape. Additionally, regression analysis examined the potential impact of shape on palatal rugae. The study revealed that the palatal rugae shape covered the first nine of the PCA by 71.3%. In addition, the size of the palatal rugae has a negligible impact on its shape. Whilst palatal rugae are known for their individuality, it is noteworthy that three palatal rugae (right first, right second, and left third) can differentiate sibling groups, which may be attributed to genetics. Therefore, it is suggested that palatal rugae morphology can serve as forensic identification for siblings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On January 17, 2024, the Accord Research Alliance Faculty Group organized a webinar to provide a space for discussion on the Christian Relief, Development, and Advocacy (CRDA) journal's special issue on decolonization published a few months before in November 2023. The webinar was moderated by Nina Kurlberg, one of two co-editors of the special issue, and started with remarks by two main discussants, Mafer Madriz, director of Compassion International's partnership efforts focused on mobilizing and strengthening the capacity of local church partners, and Charlotte Bray, currently studying anti-racism and power in international development from a Catholic theological perspective at the Lincoln Theological Institute at Manchester University. These two responses were followed by a discussion that included insights from the authors of four of the journal articles: Bikita Mahdi and Thobekile Ncube, Rebecca Supriya Shaw, Clark Buys, and Emma Smith Cain. This third response is a collation of these insights, along with additional brief comments from Liz Muir and Alfred Sebahene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On January 17, 2024, the Accord Research Alliance Faculty Group organized a webinar to provide a space for discussion on the Christian Relief, Development, and Advocacy (CRDA) journal's special issue on decolonization published a few months before in November 2023. The webinar was moderated by Nina Kurlberg, one of two co-editors of the special issue, and started with remarks by two main discussants. This second response is written by Charlotte Bray, who is currently studying anti-racism and power in international development from a Catholic theological perspective at the Lincoln Theological Institute at Manchester University. Believing that our theologies are central to our self-understandings and our actions, for both good and ill, Bray argues that historical Christianity bears much responsibility for the way the Global North skewed power toward themselves, a legacy for which we must account. Working from the perspective of Catholic Social Teaching, a rich resource for putting our theology on a more constructive path, she argues that Christians must take advantage of opportunities to make amends and work toward reconciliation in a newly structured anti-racist, decolonized world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dysphagia represents one of the common complications following a stroke, and post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) can lead to aspiration, pneumonia, and malnutrition, thus prolonging hospital stay, escalating medical expenditures, and imposing a substantial economic strain on both patients and society. The utilization of bibliometric analysis offers a quantitative approach for investigating the existing literature and recognizes the current status of the research. However, bibliometric analysis on the subject of PSD remains absent. Consequently, we carried out this study to provide researchers with insights, facilitating their further exploration of PSD. Methods: Conducting a bibliometric analysis of articles pertaining to PSD retrieved over the past two decades enables us to acquire the research hotspots and trends in this area. The publications concerning PSD were searched from the Core Collection of Web of Science, spanning the period ranging from 2003 to 2023. Articles or reviews published in English were included in this study. Subsequently, we employed CiteSpace and VOSviewer software to visualize the retrieved articles, thereby identifying the cooperative relationships of authors, institutions, and countries, as well as relevant information about journals and references. Results: This study comprised 866 papers in total, and the number of articles published each year shows an overall growth trend. As for the analysis of the authors, Dziewas R. was the most prolific author with 21 articles. The most frequently published institutions, countries, and journals were the University of Manchester, China, and Dysphagia, with 28, 254, and 75 publications, respectively. And the co-cited authors and journals with the highest counts were Martino R and Stroke. According to the analysis of keywords and references, dysphagia screening and assessment, prevention of pneumonia, rehabilitation approaches, and nutritional management of PSD are considered research hotpots. Additionally, future research may focus on the topics of systematic review and meta-analysis, noninvasive brain stimulation, and lesion location. Conclusion: Through the bibliometrics analysis of PSD, we can capture the research hotspots and frontiers of PSD, thereby providing inspiration and reference for subsequent studies in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Bibliometric analysis is one of the most widely used tools to quantify the research prolificacy in a specific area of knowledge. This paper aims to provide a list of the top 100 cited articles published between 2010 and 2021 on dental fluorosis to offer an up-to-date quantitative-qualitative analysis of publications. Methods: The Scopus database was reviewed with the term "dental fluorosis" in the title, abstract, and keywords to retrieve lists of the 100 most-cited articles on 16 December 2021. The number of citations, authors, publication year, country, and institution of origin were evaluated. A graphical illustration of keywords, co-authors, and countries was created using VOSviewer. Results: The number of citations of the 100 articles varied from 654 to 42. All the studies were published in English and 62% were published in journals in the first quartile. The articles were published in 62 different journals, with the most popular publication being the Journal of the American Dentistry and Science of The Total Environment (n=5). The papers originated from 40 countries, with India (n=26) accounting for the largest number. The most prolific authors were A. M. Glenny and H.V. Worthington (n=5), and the institution was Manchester University (n=8). The majority of articles were on Environmental Science (n=39), followed by Dentistry and Medicine (n=26). Conclusions: The present citation analysis provides insights into the current publications in dental fluorosis and will help researchers interested in this topic by saving considerable effort and time in finding appropriate article referrals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frailty is a medical condition common in older adults characterised by diminished strength and reduced physiologic function in which individuals are more vulnerable to multiple adverse health outcomes. Pre-frailty is an intermediate stage associated with some minor health outcomes. However, the main risk is progression toward moderate/severe frailty. Evidence shows physical activity interventions to be effective in slowing or modifying the progression of frailty. Researchers at the University of Manchester are developing a behaviour change intervention targeting pre-frail older adults, signposting them to group-based physical activity classes known to be effective for delaying/slowing frailty. This paper reports on the initial intervention development work with key stakeholders exploring the practicality of taking forward this intervention and identifying uncertainties to be explored in the feasibility stage. These included issues around physical activity messaging, the use of the term 'frail', identification/recruitment of pre-frail older adults, and the acceptability of behaviour change techniques. There was overwhelming support for a proactive approach to addressing pre-frailty issues. Given that a large proportion of older adults are estimated to be pre-frail, interventions aimed at this group have the potential to support healthy ageing, positively impacting on frailty outcomes and providing wider population health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide the first systematic study of ice formation in idealised shallow clouds from collisions of supercooled water drops with ice particles (mode 2). Using the University of Manchester bin microphysics parcel model, we investigated the sensitivity of ice formation due to mode 2 for a wide range of parameters, including aerosol particle size distribution, updraft speed, cloud-base temperature, cloud depth, ice-nucleating particle concentration, and freezing fraction of mode 2. We provide context to our results with other secondary ice production mechanisms as single mechanisms and combinations (rime splintering, spherical freezing fragmentation of drops (mode 1), and ice–ice collisions). There was a significant sensitivity to aerosol particle size distribution when updraft speeds were low (0.5 m s −1); secondary ice formation did not occur when the aerosol particle size distribution mimicked polluted environments. Where secondary ice formation did occur in simulated clouds, significant ice formation in the shallower clouds (1.3 km deep) was due to mode 2 or a combination which included mode 2. The deeper clouds (2.4 km deep) also had significant contributions from rime splintering or ice–ice collisional breakup secondary ice production (SIP) mechanisms. While simulations with cloud-base temperatures of 7 ∘ C were relatively insensitive to ice-nucleating particle concentrations, there was a sensitivity in simulations with cloud-base temperatures of 0 ∘ C. Increasing the ice-nucleating particle concentration delayed ice formation. Our results suggest that collisions of supercooled water drops with ice particles may be a significant ice formation mechanism within shallow convective clouds where rime splintering is not active. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]