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1. Be Better Informed About Fertility Giving voice to citizens towards improving assisted reproduction technologies for society

Author: A. Dostálová, M. Novotná / Mediversvm S.R.O., Medistella, Prague, Czech Republic V. Rozée / INED, International Perspectives Research Group, Paris, France J. Onofre, W. Ombelet / The Walking Egg, Reproductive Medicine, Genk, Belgium K. Hens / University Of Antwerpen, Department Of Philosophy, Antwerpen, Belgium M.M. Albert / Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Public Law II And Filology I, Madrid, Spain J.M. Carrasco, S. March / APLICA, Research And Transfer, Madrid, Spain V. Dimitrievska, J. Melovska / HealthGrouper, Qualitative Research, Skopje, Macedonia S. Rautakallio- Hokkanen / Fertility Europe, Executive Committee, Evere, Belgium G. Pastor / AUSTRALO, Marketing Lab, Barcelona, Spain F. Güell / Institute For Culture And Society ICS-UNAV, Mind-Brain Group, Pamplona, Spain
Abstract: Poster presented during the31st National IVF Conference, Brno, Czech Republic. &nbsp
Published: 2021
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2. Transport properties of guest molecules in mesoporous SBA-15 materials - a PFG NMR study

Author: Universität Leipzig, University of Antwerpen, Kortunov, Pavel, Valiullin, Rustem, Kärger, Jörg, Meynen, Vera, Vansant, Etienne, Universität Leipzig, University of Antwerpen, Kortunov, Pavel, Valiullin, Rustem, Kärger, Jörg, Meynen, Vera, and Vansant, Etienne
Published: 2016

3. The release properties of the mesoporous materials SBA-15 and PHTS for their use in the controlled release of ibuprofen and vancomycin

Author: Vrije Universiteit Brussel, University of Antwerpen, Universität Leipzig, Lievens, Kristoff J. F., Meynen, Vera, Cool, Pegie, Vansant, Etienne F., Baron, Gino V., Denayer, Joeri F. M., Vrije Universiteit Brussel, University of Antwerpen, Universität Leipzig, Lievens, Kristoff J. F., Meynen, Vera, Cool, Pegie, Vansant, Etienne F., Baron, Gino V., and Denayer, Joeri F. M.
Published: 2016

4. Contrôle de qualité en médecine générale : Comment ne pas rester à la traîne ?

Author: University of Antwerpen - Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, UCL - MD/RMED/CAMG - Centre académique de médecine générale, Remmen, Roy, Pestiaux, Dominique, Vanwelde, Charles, University of Antwerpen - Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, UCL - MD/RMED/CAMG - Centre académique de médecine générale, Remmen, Roy, Pestiaux, Dominique, and Vanwelde, Charles
Published: 2010

5. A low-temperature aqueous solution route to large-scale growth of ZnO nanowire arrays

Author: FUNDP - SCHI_GCNM (groupe de chimie des nanomatériaux), University of Antwerpen - Electron Microscopy for Materials research, UCL - SST/IMCN/BSMA - Bio and soft matter, FUNDP - SPHY_LLS (laboratoire laser et spectroscopie), Xu, Fen, Yuan, Zhing -Yon, Du, Gao -Hui, Ren, Tie -Zhen, Volcke, Cédric, Thiry, Paul A., Su, Bao-Lian, FUNDP - SCHI_GCNM (groupe de chimie des nanomatériaux), University of Antwerpen - Electron Microscopy for Materials research, UCL - SST/IMCN/BSMA - Bio and soft matter, FUNDP - SPHY_LLS (laboratoire laser et spectroscopie), Xu, Fen, Yuan, Zhing -Yon, Du, Gao -Hui, Ren, Tie -Zhen, Volcke, Cédric, Thiry, Paul A., and Su, Bao-Lian
Abstract: A low-temperature template-free aqueous solution route has been successfully employed to fabricate large-scale arrays of highly oriented ZnO nanowires. It is found that the growth of the highly oriented ZnO nanowire arrays is dependent on the reaction time, leading to our proposal on the possible formation mechanism. The obtained ZnO nanowires are single crystalline and have a low defect concentration. Furthermore, the ZnO nanowires exhibit significant optical properties in photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy and Raman spectrum, suggesting that they could find promising potential for opto-electronic application. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2006

6. Landscape structure and phenotypic plasticity in flight morphology in the butterfly Pararge aegeria

Author: University of Antwerpen - Department of biology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, Merckx, Thomas, Van Dyck, Hans, University of Antwerpen - Department of biology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, Merckx, Thomas, and Van Dyck, Hans
Abstract: In evolutionary time, varying environments may lead to different morphs as a result of genetic adaptation and divergence or phenotypic plasticity. Landscapes that differ in the extent of habitat fragmentation may provide different selection regimes for dispersal, but also for other ecological functions. Several studies on flying insects have shown differences in flight morphology between landscapes, but whether such differences result from plastic responses have rarely been tested. We did a reciprocal transplant experiment with offspring of speckled wood butterfly females (Parargeaegeria) from three types of landscape differing in fragmentation: woodland landscape, landscape with woodland fragments and agricultural landscape with only hedgerows. Young caterpillars were allowed to grow individually on potted host grasses in small enclosures under the three landscape conditions (split-brood design). Mortality in caterpillars was much higher in agricultural landscape compared to the other landscapes. Additive to the effect of landscape of development, landscape of origin also affected mortality rate in a similar way. Flight morphology of the adults resulting from the experiment differed significantly with landscape. Independent of the landscape of origin, males and females that developed in agricultural landscape were the heaviest and had the greatest wing loadings. Females that developed in agricultural landscape had higher relative thorax mass (i.e. greater flight muscle allocation) in line with adaptive predictions on altered dispersal behaviour with type of landscape. In males, relative thorax mass did not respond significantly relative to landscape of development, but males originating from landscape with woodland fragments allocated more into their thorax compared to males from the other types. We found significant G×E interactions for total dry mass and wing loading. Our results suggest the existence of phenotypic plasticity in butterfly flight morphology associ
Published: 2006

7. R&D and productivity growth: panel data analysis of 12 OECD countries

Author: Academic seminar (15 May 2002: University of Antwerpen), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, Guellec, Dominique, Academic seminar (15 May 2002: University of Antwerpen), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, and Guellec, Dominique
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2002

8. Acoustic and auditory analyses of unsteady and dysperiodic speech produced by dysphonic speakers

Author: European Study Group on Voice Disorders (23-10-2002: University Hospital, Antwerpen, Belgium), Schoentgen, Jean, European Study Group on Voice Disorders (23-10-2002: University Hospital, Antwerpen, Belgium), and Schoentgen, Jean
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2002

9. SMART: Selective MAC zero-optimzation for neural network reliability under radiation

Author: Rajappa, Anuj Justus, Reiter, Philippe, Sartori, Tarso Kraemer Sarzi, Laurini, Luiz Henrique, Fourati, Hassen, Mercelis, Siegfried, Hellinckx, Peter, Possamai Bastos, Rodrigo, Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Architectures and Methods for Resilient Systems (TIMA-AMfoRS ), Techniques de l'Informatique et de la Microélectronique pour l'Architecture des systèmes intégrés (TIMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dynamics and Control of Networks (DANCE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GIPSA Pôle Automatique et Diagnostic (GIPSA-PAD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: radiation, MAC, PACS 85.42, sparsity, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, sparsity radiation MAC multiply-accumulate optimization, optimization, multiply-accumulate
Abstract: This work has been partially supported by: MultiRad (PAI project funded by Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes); IRT Nanoelec (ANR-10-AIRT-05) and LabEx PERSYVAL-Lab (ANR- 11-LABX-0025-01), both projects funded by the French program PIA; UGA/LPSC/GENESIS platform; Bourse de mobilité Génération IA 2030, funded by French embassy in Belgium; and MOVIQ (Mastering Onboard Vision Intelligence and Quality) project funded by Flanders Innovation and Entrepreneurship (VLAIO) and Flanders Space (VRI).; International audience
Published: 2023

10. The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Health Behaviors among Students of a French University

Author: Sarah Van de Velde, Edwin Wouters, Guido Van Hal, Joel Ladner, Pierre Déchelotte, Marie Pierre Tavolacci, Veerle Buffel, Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [CHU Rouen] (CIC Rouen), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology Centre for Population, Family & Health, University of Antwerpen, 2180 Antwerpen, Belgium., Service de nutrition [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine University of Antwerpen, 2180 Antwerpen, Belgium., Département d'épidémiologie et de promotion de la santé [Rouen], CHU Rouen, douville, sabine, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: Adult, Male, student, Adolescent, Universities, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, Health Behavior, Binge drinking, Logistic regression, Article, lockdown, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, tobacco smoking, Young adult, Students, Biology, Depression (differential diagnoses), Retrospective Studies, media_common, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Retrospective cohort study, Mental health, binge drinking, Chemistry, Turnover, Communicable Disease Control, depression, Female, Human medicine, Worry, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract: International audience; This study aimed to determine the changes in health behaviors among students of a French university during the COVID-19 lockdown. An online retrospective survey was distributed to Rouen-Normandy University students at the end of the COVID-19 lockdown (13th March–11th May 2020). Voluntary university students were included. Data collected were on socio-demographics, academic environment, COVID19 concerns, tobacco smoking, binge drinking, cannabis use, and physical activity in the periods before and during COVID-19 lockdown. The survey was completed by 3671 university students (mean age 20.9 ± 2.47 years, 72.9% female). Significantly favorable changes between the periods before and during COVID-19 were reported for tobacco smoking (18.5% vs. 14.8%), binge drinking (35.9% vs. 9.3%) and cannabis use (5.6% vs. 3.2%) and unfavorable changes for moderate (79.4% vs. 67.9%) and vigorous physical activity (62.5% vs. 59.1%). After logistic regression, factors associated with unfavorable changes in tobacco smoking and with favorable changes in vigorous physical activity were the worry of not validating the academic year and stress related to changes in the mode of teaching, respectively. For each health behavior, unfavorable changes were associated with higher depression levels, and male gender. Then as a decrease, mainly in binge drinking was observed during the COVID-19 lockdown, care must be taken to prevent university students from resuming binge drinking after the end of the lockdown. Health-promotion strategies directed at adopting or maintaining positive mental health and promoting physical activity should be developed for university students to better manage future lockdown periods.
Published: 2021
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11. The French version of the HSCL-25 has now been validated for use in primary care

Author: Jean Yves Le Reste, Morgane Guillou-Landreat, Paul Van Royen, Tristan Montier, Harm W.J. van Marwijk, Bernard Le Floch, Florence Gatineau, Patrice Nabbe, Department of general practice [Brest], Soins Primaires, Santé Publique, Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale (SPURBO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Department of addictology [Brest], Génétique, génomique fonctionnelle et biotechnologies (UMR 1078) (GGB), Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care [Manchester, Royaume-Uni], School of Health Sciences [Manchester, Royaume-Uni], Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health [Manchester, UK], University of Manchester [Manchester]-University of Manchester [Manchester]-Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health [Manchester, UK], University of Manchester [Manchester]-University of Manchester [Manchester], Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care [Anvers, Belgique], Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences [Anvers, Belgique], Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], The study had a Grant of 8000 Euros from the European General Practitioners Research Network., Bodescot, Myriam, Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), EFS-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: Male, Psychometrics, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Pilot Projects, Anxiety, Geographical Locations, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Outpatients, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Depression (differential diagnoses), Data Management, Aged, 80 and over, Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, Depression, Statistics, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Test (assessment), Europe, Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Engineering sciences. Technology, Research Article, Clinical psychology, Adult, Computer and Information Sciences, Randomization, Adolescent, Patients, Science, MEDLINE, Research and Analysis Methods, Sensitivity and Specificity, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cronbach's alpha, Diagnostic Medicine, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Humans, Translations, Internal validity, Statistical Methods, Primary Care, Aged, Primary Health Care, Mood Disorders, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, 030227 psychiatry, Health Care, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, People and Places, Human Factors Engineering, Multivariate Analysis, Ergonomics, Human medicine, business, Mathematics
Abstract: Background\ud The Hopkins Symptom Checklist in 25 items (HSCL-25) helps to assess anxiety and depression in Primary Care. Anxiety and depression show considerable overlap in primary care. This self-administrated questionnaire is valid, reliable and ergonomic in the original US version. We have translated it into French. The aim of this study was to estimate the test characteristics of the HSCL-25, in its French version (F-HSCL-25), by comparing it to the Present State Examination-9 French version (F-PSE-9) and by determining its internal validity and dimensions.\ud \ud Method\ud Outpatients from three French General Practice settings (rural, semi-rural and urban) were recruited: approximately 20,000 outpatients among 17 GPs. Two groups were formed: F-HSCL-25 ≥1.75 and F-HSCL-25 1.75 was considered to indicate a clinically relevant level of symptoms of depression and anxiety. In order to obtain two balanced groups, a different method of randomization was chosen for each group. The F-PSE-9 was randomly administered to 1 in 2 patients in the F-HSCL-25 ≥1.75 group, and to 1 in 16 in the (much larger) F-HSCL-25
Published: 2019
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12. Kardar–Parisi–Zhang universality in a one-dimensional polariton condensate

Author: Quentin Fontaine, Davide Squizzato, Florent Baboux, Ivan Amelio, Aristide Lemaître, Martina Morassi, Isabelle Sagnes, Luc Le Gratiet, Abdelmounaim Harouri, Michiel Wouters, Iacopo Carusotto, Alberto Amo, Maxime Richard, Anna Minguzzi, Léonie Canet, Sylvain Ravets, Jacqueline Bloch, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et modélisation des milieux condensés (LPM2C ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ (UMR_7162)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NEEL - NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), and ANR-18-CE92-0019,NEQfluids,Fluides classiques, quantiques et actifs hors de l'équilibre(2018)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Physics, Engineering sciences. Technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall]
Abstract: Revealing universal behaviours is a hallmark of statistical physics. Phenomena such as the stochastic growth of crystalline surfaces(1) and of interfaces in bacterial colonies(2), and spin transport in quantum magnets(3-6) all belong to the same universality class, despite the great plurality of physical mechanisms they involve at the microscopic level. More specifically, in all these systems, space-time correlations show power-law scalings characterized by universal critical exponents. This universality stems from a common underlying effective dynamics governed by the nonlinear stochastic Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation(7). Recent theoretical works have suggested that this dynamics also emerges in the phase of out-of-equilibrium systems showing macroscopic spontaneous coherence(8-17). Here we experimentally demonstrate that the evolution of the phase in a driven-dissipative one-dimensional polariton condensate falls in the KPZ universality class. Our demonstration relies on a direct measurement of KPZ space-time scaling laws(18,19), combined with a theoretical analysis that reveals other key signatures of this universality class. Our results highlight fundamental physical differences between out-of-equilibrium condensates and their equilibrium counterparts, and open a paradigm for exploring universal behaviours in driven open quantum systems.
Published: 2022
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13. Depressive symptoms in higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of containment measures

Author: Veerle Buffel, Sarah Van de Velde, Yildiz Akvardar, Miia Bask, Marie-Christine Brault, Heide Busse, Andreas Chatzittofis, Joel Ladner, Fatemeh Rabiee-Khan, Theoni Stathopoulou, Marie-Pierre Tavolacci, Claudia van der Heijde, Claudia R Pischke, Paula Mayara Matos Fialho, Edwin Wouters, Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey., Uppsala University, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Québec, Canada., Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany., Lebanese University Faculty of Pharmacy, Hadath, Lebanon, Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie - Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut-Lebanon, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus., Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Département d'épidémiologie et de promotion de la santé [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Faculty of Health, Education & life sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK., National Centre for Social Research, Institute of Social Research, Athens, Greece., Centre d'Investigation Clinique [CHU Rouen] (CIC Rouen), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Student Health Services, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany., douville, sabine, Research of the Student Medical Service, and Buffel V., Van de Velde S., AKVARDAR Y., Bask M., Brault M., Busse H., Chatzittofis A., Ladner J., Rabiee-khan F., Stathopoulou T., et al.
Subjects: Social Sciences and Humanities, Health (social science), Social Sciences (SOC), Epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], SOCIAL SCIENCES, GENERAL, education, COVID-19 pandemic, comparative cross-country research, depressive symptoms, Sociology, Occupational Therapy, Health Sciences, higher education students, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Higher education, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler, Social Sciences & Humanities, Students, Sosyoloji, Pandemics, PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, Schools, Depression, Depressive symptoms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Social Sciences, COVID-19, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Sosyal Bilimler Genel, KAMU, ÇEVRE VE İŞ SAĞLIĞI, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Economics, Containment, Mental health, Coronavirus pandemic, Personal satisfaction, Depressive disorders, Workplace, Government, Sosyal Bilimler (SOC), UNIVERSITY, Human medicine, government containment and economic support measures, Covid-19, Containment measures, Safety Research
Abstract: Background Students are a vulnerable group for the indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly their mental health. This paper examined the cross-national variation in students’ depressive symptoms and whether this can be related to the various protective measures implemented in response to the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods Student data stem from the COVID-19 International Student Well-being Study, covering 26 countries during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-level data on government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic were retrieved from the Oxford COVID-19 Tracker. Multilevel analyses were performed to estimate the impact of the containment and economic support measures on students’ depressive symptoms (n = 78 312). Results School and workplace closures, and stay-at-home restrictions were positively related to students’ depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, while none of the economic support measures significantly related to depressive symptoms. Countries’ scores on the index of these containment measures explained 1.5% of the cross-national variation in students’ depressive symptoms (5.3%). This containment index’s effect was stable, even when controlling for the economic support index, students’ characteristics, and countries’ epidemiological context and economic conditions. Conclusions Our findings raise concerns about the potential adverse effects of existing containment measures (especially the closure of schools and workplaces and stay-at-home restrictions) on students’ mental health.
Published: 2022
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14. Determining the therapeutic range for ribavirin in transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis E virus infection

Author: Midas B. Mulder, Jacques Izopet, Dennis A. Hesselink, Robert A. de Man, Teun van Gelder, Annemiek A. van der Eijk, Brenda C. M. de Winter, Gűlcan Durmaz, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Nassim Kamar, Peggy Gandia, Joep de Bruijne, Pharmacy, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Virology, Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), and PINIER, CHRISTINE
Subjects: Adult, kidney, medicine.medical_specialty, ribavirin, Short Communication, therapeutic drug monitoring, Short Communications, hepatitis E virus, medicine.disease_cause, Antiviral Agents, Gastroenterology, Virus, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Therapeutic index, Hepatitis E virus, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chronic hepatitis E, Retrospective Studies, transplant recipients, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ribavirin, Hepatitis E, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Therapeutic drug monitoring, Virologic response, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Drug Therapy, Combination, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Human medicine, business, Cohort study
Abstract: International audience; The aim of this study was to define the therapeutic range for ribavirin (RBV) in transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. In this retrospective multicentre cohort study, data of adult transplant recipients with chronic HEV infection, who had been treated with RBV monotherapy between 01-3-2008 and 01-08-2018, were included. ROC curve analyses were performed, and the half-maximal effective RBV concentration was calculated to determine a representative therapeutic range. In 96 patients, RBV monotherapy for a median of three months resulted in a sustained virologic response in 63.5% of the patients, while 88.5% of the patients developed anaemia. RBV plasma concentrations at steady state were significantly higher in clinical responders compared with clinical non-responders: median 1.96 (IQR 1.81-2.70) versus 0.49 (IQR 0.45-0.73) mg/L, P = .0004. RBV caused a dosedependent haemoglobin reduction with higher RBV plasma concentrations resulting in more haemoglobin reduction. The therapeutic range for RBV for chronic HEV infection in transplant recipients ranges between 1.8 and 2.3 mg/L.
Published: 2021
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15. Quaternary M{sub 0.25}Cu{sub 0.25}Mg{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} (M = Ni, Zn, Co, Mn) ferrite oxides: Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties

Author: Cool, Pegie [Laboratory of Adsorption and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerpen (CDE), Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerpen (Belgium)]
Published: 2016
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16. Acute Effects of Cocoa Flavanols on Blood Pressure and Peripheral Vascular Reactivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Essential Hypertension

Author: Anouk Tanghe, Elsa Heyman, Elodie Lespagnol, Jan Stautemas, Bert Celie, Jos Op ‘t Roodt, Ernst Rietzschel, Danusa Dias Soares, Nina Hermans, Emmy Tuenter, Samyah Shadid, Patrick Calders, Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 (URePSSS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé - URePSSSS (APMS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Université de Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 [URePSSS], Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [UGENT], Maastricht University [Maastricht], University of Antwerp [UA], Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], RS: Carim - V01 Vascular complications of diabetes and metabolic syndrome, and MUMC+: HVC Pieken Maastricht Studie (9)
Subjects: vascular reactivity, hypertension, MESH: Cacao, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION, DARK CHOCOLATE, RICH COCOA, MESH: Cross-Over Studies, MESH: Hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cocoa flavanols, blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, DIETARY FLAVANOLS, type 2 diabetes cocoa flavanols vascular reactivity blood pressure antihypertensive drugs, Double-Blind Method, Medicine and Health Sciences, ABSORPTION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, POLYPHENOL, Humans, MESH: Double-Blind Method, Antihypertensive Agents, MESH: Antihypertensive Agents, Cacao, Nutrition and Dietetics, MESH: Humans, Cross-Over Studies, Polyphenols, FLOW-MEDIATED DILATION, CONSUMPTION, MESH: Blood Pressure, Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology, HEALTH-BENEFITS, MESH: Essential Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Human medicine, Essential Hypertension, Polyphenols/pharmacology, Food Science, MESH: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, MESH: Polyphenols
Abstract: International audience; Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a high risk of vascular complications. Interestingly, cocoa flavanols (CF) can exert beneficial vascular effects in non-diabetic subjects. However, these effects have only been scarcely studied in T2DM. Therefore, we performed a study to assess the effects on vascular reactivity of a single dose of CF (790 mg) in T2DM and whether certain antihypertensive drugs may modulate these effects. Methods: 24 non-diabetic and 11 T2DM subjects were studied in a cross-over design. Fasting blood samples, blood pressure (BP), and arterial vasoreactivity (flow-mediated dilation) were assessed before and 70 min after capsule ingestion. Muscle microvascular reactivity was only assessed after capsule ingestion. Age, waist-to-hip ratio, BP at baseline, and the use of antihypertensive drugs were regarded as covariates in a mixed models analysis. Results: CF ingestion did not affect any parameter. However, independent of the type of capsules ingested, a decrease in diastolic BP by 3 mmHg (95% CI: −4.0; −2.0) and an increase in the change in brachial artery diameter (pre vs. post occlusion) by 0.06 mm (95% CI: 0.01; 0.12) were detected in the non-diabetic group, while they remained unchanged in the T2DM group. Conclusion: No beneficial effects of CF were detected on vascular reactivity parameters in T2DM and non-diabetic participants.
Published: 2022
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17. Reachability games with relaxed energy constraints

Author: Nicolas Markey, Loïc Hélouët, Ritam Raha, SUpervision of large MOdular and distributed systems (SUMO), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Department of Mathematics & Computer Science (Antwerp), University of Antwerp (UA), Chennai Mathematical Institute [Inde], Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by UMI Relax, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], and Helouet, Loic
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science::Computer Science and Game Theory, EXPTIME, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, co-NP, Upper and lower bounds, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, Theoretical Computer Science, [INFO.INFO-FL]Computer Science [cs]/Formal Languages and Automata Theory [cs.FL], Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory, Reachability, Games on graphs, 0502 economics and business, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0101 mathematics, [INFO.INFO-FL] Computer Science [cs]/Formal Languages and Automata Theory [cs.FL], PSPACE, Mathematics, Computer. Automation, Discrete mathematics, Energy constraints, lcsh:Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, 05 social sciences, [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], lcsh:QA1-939, Computer Science Applications, Constraint (information theory), Computational Theory and Mathematics, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Bounded function, Interval (graph theory), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 050206 economic theory, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT), Information Systems
Abstract: We study games with reachability objectives under energy constraints. We first prove that under strict energy constraints (either only lower-bound constraint or interval constraint), those games are LOGSPACE-equivalent to energy games with the same energy constraints but without reachability objective (i.e., for infinite runs). We then consider two kinds of relaxations of the upper-bound constraints (while keeping the lower-bound constraint strict): in the first one, called weak upper bound, the upper bound is absorbing, in the sense that it allows receiving more energy when the upper bound is already reached, but the extra energy will not be stored; in the second one, we allow for temporary violations of the upper bound, imposing limits on the number or on the amount of violations. We prove that when considering weak upper bound, reachability objectives require memory, but can still be solved in polynomial-time for one-player arenas; we prove that they are in co-NP in the two-player setting. Allowing for bounded violations makes the problem PSPACE-complete for one-player arenas and EXPTIME-complete for two players., In Proceedings GandALF 2019, arXiv:1909.05979
Published: 2022
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18. On amorphization as a deformation mechanism under high stresses

Author: Idrissi, Hosni, Carrez, Philippe, Cordier, Patrick, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] (IMMC), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Electron Microscopy for Materials Science - EMAT (Antwerp, Belgium), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 787198,ERC-2017-ADG,TimeMan(2019), Université de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] [IMMC], and Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET) - UMR 8207
Subjects: Amorphization, Mechanical instability, Plasticity, Deformation mechanism, Physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, General Materials Science
Abstract: International audience; In this paper we review the work related to amorphization under mechanical stress. Beyond pressure, we highlight the role of deviatoric or shear stresses. We show that the most recent works make amorphization appear as a deformation mechanism in its own right, in particular under extreme conditions (shocks, deformations under high stresses, high strain-rates).
Published: 2022
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19. Dispersion of plasmons in three-dimensional superconductors

Author: Repplinger, T., Klimin, S., Gélédan, M., Tempere, J., Kurkjian, H., Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche « Matière et interactions » (FeRMI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Physics::Plasma Physics, superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, plasmons, collective modes
Abstract: We study the plasma branch of an homogeneous three-dimensional electron gas in an $s$-wave superconducting state. We focus on the regime where the plasma frequency $\omega_p$ is comparable to the gap $\Delta$, which is experimentally realized in cuprates. Although a sum rule guarantees that the departure of the plasma branch always coincides with the plasma frequency, the dispersion and lifetime of the plasmons is strongly affected by the presence of the pair condensate, especially at energies close to the pair-breaking threshold $2\Delta$. When $\omega_p $ is above $1.7\Delta $, the level repulsion is strong enough to give the plasma branch an anomalous, negative dispersion with a minimum at finite wavelength. At non-zero temperature and at $\omega_p>2\Delta$, we treat in a non-perturbative way the coupling of plasmons to the fermionic excitations, and show that a broadened plasma resonance inside the pair-breaking continuum coexists with an undamped solution in the band gap. This resonance splitting is associated with the presence of multiple poles in the analytic continuation of the propagator of the Cooper pairs., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2022

20. ZnAl layered double hydroxide based catalysts (with Cu, Mn, Ti) used as noble metal-free three-way catalysts

Author: Tim Van Everbroeck, Jianxiong Wu, Daniel Arenas-Esteban, Radu-George Ciocarlan, Myrjam Mertens, Sara Bals, Christophe Dujardin, Pascal Granger, Elena M. Seftel, Pegie Cool, University of Antwerp (UA), Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Electron Microscopy for Materials Science - EMAT (Antwerp, Belgium), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), UCCS Équipe Remédiation et matériaux catalytiques, Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and European Project: 686086,H2020,H2020-NMP-2015-two-stage,PARTIAL-PGMs(2016)
Subjects: Chemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, Three-way catalysts, Physics, Layered double hydroxides, Geology, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, Copper oxide, Memory effect, Biology, CO oxidation, NO reduction
Abstract: International audience; This research presents a novel approach for developing noble metal-free three-way catalysts by using ZnAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) co-precipitated with Mn and Ti. Cu was added as the catalytically active metal. Two methods were explored, namely the addition of Cu during the co-precipitation step and a post-synthesis method using the LDH memory effect. In case the starting material had LDH characteristics high amounts of CuO were adsorbed on the support and high dispersion degrees of CuO were obtained. A four-cycle three-way catalysis test was used for evaluation. The smaller CuO particle size resulted in better performance for oxidation reactions. The addition of Mn had a positive effect on the general performance of the catalysts, while the presence of Ti mainly improved the NO conversion. The developed materials showed good stability in consecutive catalytic testing cycles and even show some NO conversion under stoichiometric conditions. The developed CuO-based ZnAl layered double hydroxide-based materials are very promising catalysts for Three-way catalysis, allowing to reduce the precious metal content compared to the classical catalysts composition.
Published: 2022
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21. Envisaging a global infrastructure to exploit the potential of digitised collections

Author: Quentin Groom, Mathias Dillen, Wouter Addink, Arturo H. Ariño, Christian Bölling, Pierre Bonnet, Lorenzo Cecchi, Elizabeth R. Ellwood, Rui Figueira, Pierre-Yves Gagnier, Olwen Grace, Anton Güntsch, Helen Hardy, Pieter Huybrechts, Roger Hyam, Alexis Joly, Isabel Larridon, Vamsi Krishna Kommineni, Laurence Livermore, Ricardo Jorge Lopes, Jeremy Miller, Sofie Meeus, Kenzo Milleville, Marc Pignal, Renato Panda, Jorrit H. Poelen, Blagoj Ristevski, Tim Robertson, Cristina Rufino, Joaquim Santos, Maarten Schermer, Katja Seltmann, Ben Scott, Heliana Teixeira, Maarten Trekels, Jitendra Gaikwad, Meise Botanic Garden [Belgium] (Plantentuin), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Museum für Naturkunde [Berlin], Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Instituto Superior de Agronomia [Lisboa] (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh], Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), and Universidade de Aveiro
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: Tens of millions of images from biological collections have become available online in the last two decades. In parallel, there has been a dramatic increase in the capabilities of image analysis technologies, especially those involving machine learning and computer vision. Whilst image analysis has become mainstream in consumer applications, it is still only used on an artisanal basis in the biological collections community, largely because the image corpora are dispersed. Yet, there is massive untapped potential for novel applications and research if the images of collection objects could be made accessible as a single corpus. In this paper, we make the case for building infrastructure that could support image analysis of collection objects. We show that such an infrastructure is entirely feasible and well worth the investment.
Published: 2022

22. Development of bipedal walking in olive baboons, Papio anubis : A kinematic analysis

Author: Gilles Berillon, François Marchal, François Druelle, Jonathan Özçelebi, UMR 7194 (Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique), CNRS-Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-UPVD, Paris, France, Functional Morphology Laboratory, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, UAR 846, Primatology Station-Celphedia, CNRS, Rousset, France, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station de primatologie (SP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], ANR-18-CE27-0010,HoBiS,Bipédies des Hominines : Analyse de la marche bipède des Hominines par la Morphologie Fonctionnelle Spécimen-Spécifique(2018), UMR 7268 (Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé), CNRS-Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France, and Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: Balance, 060101 anthropology, Evolution, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 05 social sciences, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Zoology, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], 06 humanities and the arts, Kinematics, Papio anubis, Biology, Olive Baboons, Coordination, Ontogeny, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 0601 history and archaeology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Bipedalism, human activities, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Objective: Although extant nonhuman primates are not habitual bipeds, they are able to walk bipedally from an early age. In humans, children improve their walking skills through developmental processes and learning experience. In nonhuman primates, infants do not routinely experience bipedalism and their musculoskeletal system gradually specializes for other locomotor modes. The aim of this study is to explore the development of occasional bipedal walking in olive baboon and to test whether the postural adjustments change with age.Materials and Methods: We collected kinematics and spatiotemporal parameters of bipedal gait in an ontogenetic sample of 24 baboons. Data were collected at the primatology station of the CNRS (France) and a total of 47 bipedal strides were extracted for the present analysis.Results: Adults and adolescents walk bipedally in the same way, and the average kinematic pattern is similar across the age-classes. Infants walk bipedally with longer duty factor, they present larger movement amplitude of the thigh and the amplitude of the knee joint decreases with speed. In contrast, older baboons increase the amplitude of the knee and ankle joints with speed.Discussion: In a non-adapted biped, the postural adjustments of bipedal walking vary with age. In infant baboons, the balance requirements are likely to be higher and these are solved by adopting a “blocking strategy”. In older baboons, the postural adjustments are focused on the lower limb and the movements increase with speed. These results may echo, in some respects, the developmental sequence of the intersegmental coordination described in the ontogeny of human locomotion.
Published: 2022
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23. MiSiCNet : Minimum Simplex Convolutional Network for deep hyperspectral unmixing

Author: Jocelyn Chanussot, Paul Scheunders, Behnood Rasti, Bikram Koirala, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: Optimization, Hyperspectral imaging, Economics, Physics, Libraries, Indexes, Minimization, Chemistry, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Estimation, Data mining, Engineering sciences. Technology
Abstract: International audience; In this article, we propose a minimum simplex convolutional network (MiSiCNet) for deep hyperspectral unmixing. Unlike all the deep learning-based unmixing methods proposed in the literature, the proposed convolutional encoder–decoder architecture incorporates spatial information and geometrical information of the hyperspectral data in addition to the spectral information. The spatial information is incorporated using convolutional filters and implicitly applying a prior on the abundances. The geometrical information is exploited by incorporating a minimum simplex volume penalty term in the loss function for the endmember estimation. This term is beneficial when there are no pure material pixels in the data, which is often the case in real-world applications. We generated simulated datasets, where we consider two different no-pure pixel scenarios. In the first scenario, there are no pure pixels but at least two pixels on each facet of the data simplex (i.e., mixtures of two pure materials). The second scenario is a complex case with no pure pixels and only one pixel on each facet of the data simplex. In addition, we evaluate the performance of MiSiCNet in three real datasets. The experimental results confirm the robustness of the proposed method to both noise and the absence of pure pixels. In addition, MiSiCNet considerably outperforms the state-of-the-art unmixing approaches. The results are given in terms of spectral angle distance in degree for the endmember estimation and the root mean square error in percentage for the abundance estimation. MiSiCNet was implemented in Python (3.8) using PyTorch as the platform for the deep network and is available online: https://github.com/BehnoodRasti/MiSiCNet .
Published: 2022
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24. Effectiveness of Attitude Estimation Processing Approaches in Tolerating Radiation Soft Errors

Author: Kraemer Sarzi Sartori, Tarso, Fourati, Hassen, Rajappa, Anuj Justus, Reiter, Philippe, Possamai Bastos, Rodrigo, BEN TITO, Laurence, Architectures and Methods for Resilient Systems (TIMA-AMfoRS ), Techniques de l'Informatique et de la Microélectronique pour l'Architecture des systèmes intégrés (TIMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dynamics and Control of Networks (DANCE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GIPSA Pôle Automatique et Diagnostic (GIPSA-PAD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), This work was supported in part by: the MultiRad project of the Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes's international ambition pack (PAI), the French national research agency within the France-2030 program (ANR-15-IDEX-0002), the LabEx PERSYVAL-Lab (ANR-11-LABX-0025-01), the IRT Nanoelec (ANR-10-AIRT-0005) of the French national program PIA ('Programme d’Investissements d’Avenir), the LPSC's GENESIS platform, and the ILL's TENIS instrument (TEST-3202 and TEST-3219 experiments)., ANR-15-IDEX-0002,UGA,IDEX UGA(2015), ANR-11-LABX-0025,PERSYVAL-lab,Systemes et Algorithmes Pervasifs au confluent des mondes physique et numérique(2011), and ANR-10-AIRT-0005,NANOELEC,NANOELEC(2010)
Subjects: PACS 85.42, [SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

25. Global maps of soil temperature

Author: Winkler, Manuela, Plichta, Roman, Buysse, Pauline, Lohila, Annalea, Spicher, Fabien, Boeckx, Pascal, Wild, Jan, Feigenwinter, Iris, Olejnik, Janusz, Risch, Anita, Khuroo, Anzar, Lynn, Joshua, di Cella, Umberto, Schmidt, Marius, Urbaniak, Marek, Marchesini, Luca, Govaert, Sanne, Uogintas, Domas, Assis, Rafael, Medinets, Volodymyr, Abdalaze, Otar, Varlagin, Andrej, Dolezal, Jiri, Myers, Jonathan, Randall, Krystal, Bauters, Marijn, Jimenez, Juan, Stoll, Stefan, Petraglia, Alessandro, Mazzolari, Ana, Ogaya, Romà, Tyystjärvi, Vilna, Hammerle, Albin, Wipf, Sonja, Lorite, Juan, Fanin, Nicolas, Benavides, Juan, Scholten, Thomas, Yu, Zicheng, Veen, G., Treier, Urs, Candan, Onur, Bell, Michael, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Siebicke, Lukas, Vives-Ingla, Maria, Eugster, Werner, Grelle, Achim, Stemkovski, Michael, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Matula, Radim, Dorrepaal, Ellen, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Alatalo, Juha, Fenu, Giuseppe, Arzac, Alberto, Homeier, Jürgen, Porro, Francesco, Robinson, Sharon, Ghosn, Dany, Haugum, Siri, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Camargo, José, Zhao, Peng, Niittynen, Pekka, Liljebladh, Bengt, Normand, Signe, Dias, Arildo, Larson, Christian, Peichl, Matthias, Collier, Laura, Myers-Smith, Isla, Zong, Shengwei, Kašpar, Vít, Cooper, Elisabeth, Haider, Sylvia, von Oppen, Jonathan, Cutini, Maurizio, Benito-Alonso, José-Luis, Luoto, Miska, Klemedtsson, Leif, Higgens, Rebecca, Zhang, Jian, Speed, James, Nijs, Ivan, Macek, Martin, Steinwandter, Michael, Poyatos, Rafael, Niedrist, Georg, Curasi, Salvatore, Yang, Yan, Dengler, Jürgen, Géron, Charly, de Pablo, Miguel, Xenakis, Georgios, Kreyling, Juergen, Forte, Tai, Bailey, Joseph, Knohl, Alexander, Goulding, Keith, Wilkinson, Matthew, Kljun, Natascha, Roupsard, Olivier, Stiegler, Christian, Verbruggen, Erik, Wingate, Lisa, Lamprecht, Andrea, Hamid, Maroof, Rossi, Graziano, Descombes, Patrice, Hrbacek, Filip, Bjornsdottir, Katrin, Poulenard, Jérôme, Meeussen, Camille, Guénard, Benoit, Venn, Susanna, Dimarco, Romina, Man, Matěj, Scharnweber, Tobias, Chown, Steven, Pio, Casimiro, Way, Robert, Erickson, Todd, Fernández-Pascual, Eduardo, Pușcaș, Mihai, Orsenigo, Simone, Di Musciano, Michele, Enquist, Brian, Newling, Emily, Tagesson, Torbern, Kemppinen, Julia, Serra-Diaz, Josep, Gottschall, Felix, Schuchardt, Max, Pitacco, Andrea, Jump, Alistair, Exton, Dan, Carnicer, Jofre, Aschero, Valeria, Urban, Anastasiya, Daskalova, Gergana, Santos, Cinthya, Goeckede, Mathias, Bruna, Josef, Andrews, Christopher, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg, Casanova-Katny, Angélica, Moriana-Armendariz, Mikel, Ewers, Robert, Pärtel, Meelis, Sagot, Clotilde, Herbst, Mathias, De Frenne, Pieter, Milbau, Ann, Gobin, Anne, Alexander, Jake, Kopecký, Martin, Buchmann, Nina, Kotowska, Martyna, Puchalka, Radoslaw, Penuelas, Josep, Gigauri, Khatuna, Prokushkin, Anatoly, Moiseev, Pavel, Jentsch, Anke, Klisz, Marcin, Barrio, Isabel, Ammann, Christof, Panov, Alexey, Van Geel, Maarten, Finckh, Manfred, Vaccari, Francesco, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Backes, Amanda, Robroek, Bjorn, Campoe, Otávio, Ahmadian, Negar, Boike, Julia, Thomas, Haydn, Pastor, Ada, Smith, Stuart, Pauli, Harald, Kollár, Jozef, de Cássia Guimarães Mesquita, Rita, Michaletz, Sean, Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo, Urban, Josef, Greenwood, Sarah, Lens, Luc, Van de Vondel, Stijn, Vitale, Luca, Remmele, Sabine, Naujokaitis-Lewis, Ilona, Meusburger, Katrin, Cremonese, Edoardo, Barros, Agustina, Bokhorst, Stef, Svátek, Martin, Allonsius, Camille, Høye, Toke, Smiljanic, Marko, Hik, David, Canessa, Rafaella, van den Hoogen, Johan, Altman, Jan, Björkman, Mats, Cesarz, Simone, Blonder, Benjamin, Kazakis, George, Opedal, Øystein, Assmann, Jakob, Tanentzap, Andrew, Sidenko, Nikita, le Maire, Guerric, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, Montagnani, Leonardo, Muffler, Lena, Hederová, Lucia, Rubtsov, Alexey, Pauchard, Aníbal, Tielbörger, Katja, Sørensen, Mia, Crowther, Thomas, Remmers, Wolfram, Pitteloud, Camille, Zyryanov, Viacheslav, Nilsson, Matts, Bazzichetto, Manuele, Sallo-Bravo, Jhonatan, Moiseev, Dmitry, Spasojevic, Marko, Haase, Peter, Pearse, William, Tutton, Rosamond, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Siqueira, David, Ardö, Jonas, Nardino, Marianna, Tomaselli, Marcello, Pavelka, Marian, García, Rafael, Nosetto, Marcelo, Bon, Matteo, Semenchuk, Philipp, Choler, Philippe, Scott, Tony, Halbritter, Aud, Dušek, Jiří, Mackenzie, Roy, Stanisci, Angela, Nouvellon, Yann, Kovács, Bence, Haesen, Stef, Veenendaal, Elmar, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Verheijen, Frank, de Andrade, Ana, Verbeeck, Hans, Bader, Maaike, RENAULT, David, Zimmermann, Reiner, Ferlian, Olga, Medinets, Sergiy, Walz, Josefine, Rossi, Christian, Rocha, Adrian, Lembrechts, Jonas, Jactel, Hervé, Brum, Barbara, Aartsma, Peter, Kobler, Johannes, Eisenhauer, Nico, Bjerke, Jarle, Pellissier, Loïc, Ueyama, Masahito, Manca, Giovanni, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Meysman, Filip, Niessner, Armin, Curtis, Robin, Six, Johan, Saccone, Patrick, Wang, Runxi, Ahrends, Antje, Okello, Joseph, Kolle, Olaf, Portillo-Estrada, Miguel, Laska, Kamil, Freeman, Erika, Di Cecco, Valter, Ashcroft, Michael, Steinbauer, Klaus, Della Chiesa, Stefano, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Herberich, Maximiliane, Loubet, Benjamin, Barančok, Peter, Hermanutz, Luise, Souza, Bartolomeu, Contador, Tamara, Zhang, Zhaochen, Aerts, Rien, Stephan, Jörg, Chojnicki, Bogdan, Manco, Antonio, Larson, Keith, Mondoni, Andrea, Palaj, Andrej, Schmeddes, Jonas, Hepenstrick, Daniel, Järveoja, Järvi, Manise, Tanguy, Barthel, Matti, Marciniak, Felipe, Weigel, Robert, Rixen, Christian, Turtureanu, Pavel, Hoffrén, Raúl, Iwata, Hiroki, Vittoz, Pascal, Wedegärtner, Ronja, Penczykowski, Rachel, Phartyal, Shyam, Sitková, Zuzana, Nagy, Laszlo, Ujházy, Karol, Heinesch, Bernard, Berauer, Bernd, Ogée, Jérôme, Malfasi, Francesco, Greise, Caroline, Helfter, Carole, Mosedale, Jonathan, Senior, Rebecca, Magliulo, Enzo, Nuñez, Martin, García, María, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Carbognani, Michele, Thomas, Andrew, Eklundh, Lars, Erfanian, Mohammad, Villar, Luis, Maier, Regine, Dahlberg, C., Guglielmin, Mauro, Jucker, Tommaso, Kelly, Julia, Olesen, Jørgen, Lang, Simone, Tanneberger, Franziska, Gharun, Mana, Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin, Convey, Peter, Aalto, Juha, Scheffers, Brett, Ujházyová, Mariana, Andres, Christian, Arriga, Nicola, Smith-Tripp, Sarah, Kanka, Róbert, Dick, Jan, Leihy, Rachel, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Maclean, Ilya, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Pampuch, Timo, Čiliak, Marek, Guillemot, Joannès, Sarneel, Judith, Souza, José, Svoboda, Miroslav, Björk, Robert, Merinero, Sonia, Zellweger, Florian, Simpson, Elizabeth, Cannone, Nicoletta, Abedi, Mehdi, Seipel, Tim, Klinges, David, Máliš, František, Basham, Edmund, Sewerniak, Piotr, Schwartz, Naomi, Trouillier, Mario, Vandvik, Vigdis, Shekhar, Ankit, Munoz-Rojas, Miriam, Nicklas, Lena, Goded, Ignacio, Manolaki, Paraskevi, Radujković, Dajana, Yu, Kailiang, Phoenix, Gareth, Cifuentes, Edgar, Seeber, Julia, Deronde, Bart, Lenoir, Jonathan, Frei, Esther, Wilmking, Martin, Hylander, Kristoffer, Graae, Bente, Calzado, M., Wang, Yifeng, Hampe, Arndt, Somers, Ben, Mörsdorf, Martin, Jastrzebowski, Szymon, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Universidad de Alcalá. Departamento de Geología, Geografía y Medio Ambiente, BioGeoClimate Modelling Lab, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), LTSER Zone Atelier Alpes, Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum [Frankfurt], Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 12P1819N, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, ANR-10-LABX-0045,COTE,COntinental To coastal Ecosystems: evolution, adaptability and governance(2010), ANR-13-ISV7-0004,ODYSSEE,De nouvelles voies pour la modélisation des dynamiques d'assemblages d'espèces intégrant l'écologie et l'évolution: le cas des écosystèmes de montagne des Alpes et des Carpates(2013), ANR-20-EBI5-0004,ASICS,ASsessing and mitigating the effects of climate change and biological Invasions on the spatial redistribution of biodiversity in Cold environmentS(2020), ANR-19-CE32-0005,IMPRINT,IMpacts des PRocessus mIcroclimatiques sur la redistributioN de la biodiversiTé forestière en contexte de réchauffement du macroclimat(2019), European Project: 774124 , H2020,H2020-SFS-2017-2,SUPER-G (2018), European Project: 282910,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2011,ECLAIRE(2011), European Project: 641918,H2020,H2020-SC5-2014-two-stage,AfricanBioServices(2015), European Project: 678841,H2020,ERC-2015-STG,NICH(2016), European Project: 871128,eLTER PLUS (2020), European Project: 861974, H2020,SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine, maritime and inland water research, and the bioeconomy,SustainSahel(2020), Lembrechts, Jonas J [0000-0002-1933-0750], van den Hoogen, Johan [0000-0001-6624-8461], Aalto, Juha [0000-0001-6819-4911], De Frenne, Pieter [0000-0002-8613-0943], Kemppinen, Julia [0000-0001-7521-7229], Kopecký, Martin [0000-0002-1018-9316], Luoto, Miska [0000-0001-6203-5143], Maclean, Ilya MD [0000-0001-8030-9136], Crowther, Thomas W [0000-0001-5674-8913], Bailey, Joseph J [0000-0002-9526-7095], Haesen, Stef [0000-0002-4491-4213], Klinges, David H [0000-0002-7900-9379], Niittynen, Pekka [0000-0002-7290-029X], Scheffers, Brett R [0000-0003-2423-3821], Van Meerbeek, Koenraad [0000-0002-9260-3815], Aartsma, Peter [0000-0001-5086-856X], Abdalaze, Otar [0000-0001-8140-0900], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Aerts, Rien [0000-0001-6694-0669], Ahmadian, Negar [0000-0002-7427-7198], Ahrends, Antje [0000-0002-5083-7760], Alatalo, Juha M [0000-0001-5084-850X], Alexander, Jake M [0000-0003-2226-7913], Allonsius, Camille Nina [0000-0003-2599-9941], Altman, Jan [0000-0003-4879-5773], Ammann, Christof [0000-0002-0783-5444], Andres, Christian [0000-0003-0576-6446], Andrews, Christopher [0000-0003-2428-272X], Ardö, Jonas [0000-0002-9318-0973], Arriga, Nicola [0000-0001-5321-3497], Arzac, Alberto [0000-0002-3361-5349], Aschero, Valeria [0000-0003-3865-4133], Assis, Rafael L [0000-0001-8468-6414], Assmann, Jakob Johann [0000-0002-3492-8419], Bader, Maaike Y [0000-0003-4300-7598], Bahalkeh, Khadijeh [0000-0003-1485-0316], Barančok, Peter [0000-0003-1171-2524], Barrio, Isabel C [0000-0002-8120-5248], Barros, Agustina [0000-0002-6810-2391], Basham, Edmund W [0000-0002-0167-7908], Bauters, Marijn [0000-0003-0978-6639], Bazzichetto, Manuele [0000-0002-9874-5064], Marchesini, Luca Belelli [0000-0001-8408-4675], Bell, Michael C [0000-0002-3401-7746], Benavides, Juan C [0000-0002-9694-2195], Benito Alonso, José Luis [0000-0003-1086-8834], Berauer, Bernd J [0000-0002-9472-1532], Bjerke, Jarle W [0000-0003-2721-1492], Björk, Robert G [0000-0001-7346-666X], Björkman, Mats P [0000-0001-5768-1976], Björnsdóttir, Katrin [0000-0001-7421-9441], Blonder, Benjamin [0000-0002-5061-2385], Boeckx, Pascal [0000-0003-3998-0010], Boike, Julia [0000-0002-5875-2112], Bokhorst, Stef [0000-0003-0184-1162], Brum, Bárbara NS [0000-0002-8421-3200], Brůna, Josef [0000-0002-4839-4593], Buchmann, Nina [0000-0003-0826-2980], Camargo, José Luís [0000-0003-0370-9878], Campoe, Otávio C [0000-0001-9810-8834], Candan, Onur [0000-0002-9254-4122], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Cannone, Nicoletta [0000-0002-3390-3965], Carbognani, Michele [0000-0001-7701-9859], Carnicer, Jofre [0000-0001-7454-8296], Casanova-Katny, Angélica [0000-0003-3860-1445], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Chojnicki, Bogdan [0000-0002-9012-4060], Choler, Philippe [0000-0002-9062-2721], Chown, Steven L [0000-0001-6069-5105], Cifuentes, Edgar F [0000-0001-5918-5861], Čiliak, Marek [0000-0002-6720-9365], Contador, Tamara [0000-0002-0250-9877], Convey, Peter [0000-0001-8497-9903], Cooper, Elisabeth J [0000-0002-0634-1282], Cremonese, Edoardo [0000-0002-6708-8532], Curasi, Salvatore R [0000-0002-4534-3344], Cutini, Maurizio [0000-0002-8597-8221], Dahlberg, C Johan [0000-0003-0271-3306], Daskalova, Gergana N [0000-0002-5674-5322], de Pablo, Miguel Angel [0000-0002-4496-2741], Della Chiesa, Stefano [0000-0002-6693-2199], Dengler, Jürgen [0000-0003-3221-660X], Descombes, Patrice [0000-0002-3760-9907], Di Cecco, Valter [0000-0001-9862-1267], Di Musciano, Michele [0000-0002-3130-7270], Dick, Jan [0000-0002-4180-9338], Dolezal, Jiri [0000-0002-5829-4051], Dorrepaal, Ellen [0000-0002-0523-2471], Dušek, Jiří [0000-0001-6119-0838], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Eklundh, Lars [0000-0001-7644-6517], Erickson, Todd E [0000-0003-4537-0251], Erschbamer, Brigitta [0000-0002-6792-1395], Eugster, Werner [0000-0001-6067-0741], Exton, Dan A [0000-0001-8885-5828], Fanin, Nicolas [0000-0003-4195-855X], Fazlioglu, Fatih [0000-0002-4723-3640], Feigenwinter, Iris [0000-0001-7493-6790], Fenu, Giuseppe [0000-0003-4762-5043], Ferlian, Olga [0000-0002-2536-7592], Fernández-Pascual, Eduardo [0000-0002-4743-9577], Finckh, Manfred [0000-0003-2186-0854], Higgens, Rebecca Finger [0000-0002-7645-504X], Forte, T'ai GW [0000-0002-8685-5872], Freeman, Erika C [0000-0001-7161-6038], Frei, Esther R [0000-0003-1910-7900], Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo [0000-0001-5657-954X], García, Rafael A [0000-0002-0591-0391], García, María B [0000-0003-4231-6006], Géron, Charly [0000-0001-7912-4708], Gharun, Mana [0000-0003-0337-7367], Ghosn, Dany [0000-0003-1898-9681], Gigauri, Khatuna [0000-0002-6707-0818], Gobin, Anne [0000-0002-3742-7062], Goded, Ignacio [0000-0002-1912-325X], Goeckede, Mathias [0000-0003-2833-8401], Gottschall, Felix [0000-0002-1247-8728], Goulding, Keith [0000-0002-6465-1465], Govaert, Sanne [0000-0002-8939-1305], Graae, Bente Jessen [0000-0002-5568-4759], Greenwood, Sarah [0000-0001-9104-7936], Greiser, Caroline [0000-0003-4023-4402], Grelle, Achim [0000-0003-3468-9419], Guénard, Benoit [0000-0002-7144-1175], Guillemot, Joannès [0000-0003-4385-7656], Haase, Peter [0000-0002-9340-0438], Haider, Sylvia [0000-0002-2966-0534], Halbritter, Aud H [0000-0003-2597-6328], Hamid, Maroof [0000-0003-3406-5008], Hammerle, Albin [0000-0003-1963-5906], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Haugum, Siri V [0000-0003-4958-7132], Hederová, Lucia [0000-0003-1283-0952], Heinesch, Bernard [0000-0001-7594-6341], Helfter, Carole [0000-0001-5773-4652], Hepenstrick, Daniel [0000-0003-1090-6888], Herberich, Maximiliane [0000-0003-0716-1520], Hermanutz, Luise [0000-0003-0706-7067], Hik, David S [0000-0002-8994-9305], Hoffrén, Raúl [0000-0002-9123-304X], Homeier, Jürgen [0000-0001-5676-3267], Hörtnagl, Lukas [0000-0002-5569-0761], Høye, Toke T [0000-0001-5387-3284], Hrbacek, Filip [0000-0001-5032-9216], Hylander, Kristoffer [0000-0002-1215-2648], Iwata, Hiroki [0000-0002-8962-8982], Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin Antoni [0000-0002-6574-5703], Jactel, Hervé [0000-0002-8106-5310], Järveoja, Järvi [0000-0001-6317-660X], Jastrzębowski, Szymon [0000-0003-1239-4847], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Jiménez, Juan J [0000-0003-2398-0796], Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S [0000-0003-3804-7077], Jucker, Tommaso [0000-0002-0751-6312], Jump, Alistair S [0000-0002-2167-6451], Juszczak, Radoslaw [0000-0002-5212-7383], Kanka, Róbert [0000-0002-7071-7280], Kašpar, Vít [0000-0002-0879-0137], Kelly, Julia [0000-0002-7370-1401], Khuroo, Anzar A [0000-0002-0251-2793], Klemedtsson, Leif [0000-0002-1122-0717], Klisz, Marcin [0000-0001-9486-6988], Kljun, Natascha [0000-0001-9650-2184], Knohl, Alexander [0000-0002-7615-8870], Kobler, Johannes [0000-0003-0052-4245], Kollár, Jozef [0000-0002-0069-4220], Kotowska, Martyna M [0000-0002-2283-5979], Kovács, Bence [0000-0002-8045-8489], Kreyling, Juergen [0000-0001-8489-7289], Lamprecht, Andrea [0000-0002-8719-026X], Lang, Simone I [0000-0002-6812-2528], Larson, Christian [0000-0002-7567-4953], Larson, Keith [0000-0001-7089-524X], Laska, Kamil [0000-0002-5199-9737], le Maire, Guerric [0000-0002-5227-958X], Leihy, Rachel I [0000-0001-9672-625X], Lens, Luc [0000-0002-0241-2215], 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Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Zoology and botany: 480 [VDP], Q1, 01 natural sciences, Global map, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Soil temperature, Zone climatique, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Environmental Sciences, bioclimatic variables, global maps, microclimate, near-surface temperatures, soil temperature, soil-dwelling organisms, temperature offset, weather stations, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, GB, Geology, PE&RC, 6. Clean water, Near-surface soil temperature, international, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 551: Geologie und Hydrologie, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Température du sol, Near-surface temperature, Near-surface temperatures, Biologie, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Earth Sciences, MITIGATION, bepress|Life Sciences|Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology|Climate, Bioclimatic variables, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, 577: Ökologie, Biology, Ecosystem, Ekologi, Changement climatique, Cartographie, Biology and Life Sciences, Microclimate, 15. Life on land, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Environmental Sciences|Environmental Monitoring, Agriculture and Soil Science, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Temperature offset, Weather stations, Plan_S-Compliant-OA, Soil, bepress|Life Sciences, ddc:550, Geología, Ecology, Temperature, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Biological Sciences, FOREST, Weather station, Variation saisonnière, Chemistry, Bioclimatologie, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics, 1171 Geosciences, Technology and Engineering, Climate Change, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, MOISTURE, LITTER DECOMPOSITION, PERMAFROST, ddc:570, SUITABILITY, G1, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Global maps, VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480, Environmental Chemistry, Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], Soil-dwelling organisms, Aquatic Ecology, P30 - Sciences et aménagement du sol, Bioclimatic variable, SNOW-COVER, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Earth Sciences|Soil Science, Earth sciences, PLANT-RESPONSES, CLIMATIC CONTROLS, Soil-dwelling organism, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Réchauffement global, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: JJL received funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (grant nr. 12P1819N). The project received funding from the Research Foundation Flanders (grants nrs, G018919N, W001919N). JVDH and TWC received funding from DOB Ecology. JA received funding from the University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science (MICROCLIM, grant nr. 7510145) and Academy of Finland Flagship (grant no. 337552). PDF, CM and PV received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC Starting Grant FORMICA 757833). JK received funding from the Arctic Interactions at the University of Oulu and Academy of Finland (318930, Profi 4), Maaja vesitekniikan tuki ry., Tiina and Antti Herlin Foundation, Nordenskiold Samfundet and Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. MK received funding from the Czech Science Foundation (grant nr. 20-28119S) and the Czech Academy of Sciences (grant nr. RVO 67985939). TWC received funding from National Geographic Society grant no. 9480-14 and WW-240R-17. MA received funding from CISSC (program ICRP (grant nr:2397) and INSF (grant nr: 96005914). The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is supported by the Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division. JMA received funding from the Funding Org. Qatar Petroleum (grant nr. QUEX-CAS-QP-RD-18/19). JMA received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant no. 678841) and from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. 31003A_176044). JA was supported by research grants LTAUSA19137 (program INTER-EXCELLENCE, subprogram INTER-ACTION) provided by Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports and 20-05840Y of the Czech Science Foundation. AA was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (grant FSRZ-2020-0014). SN, UAT, JJA, and JvO received funding from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (7027-00133B). LvdB, KT, MYB and RC acknowledge funding from the German Research Foundation within the Priority Program SPP-1803 'EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota' (grant TI 338/14-1&2 and BA 3843/6-1). PB was supported by grant project VEGA of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences No. 2/0132/18. Forest Research received funding from the Forestry Commission (climate change research programme). JCB acknowledges the support of Universidad Javeriana. JLBA received funding from the Direccion General de Cambio Climatico del Gobierno de Aragon; JLBA acknowledges fieldwork assistance by Ana Acin, the Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park, and the Servicio de Medio Ambiente de Soria de la Junta de Castilla y Leon. RGB and MPB received funding from BECC - Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate. MPB received funding from The European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 657627 and The Swedish Research Council FORMAS - future research leaders No. 2016-01187. JB received funding from the Czech Academy of Sciences (grant nr. RVO 67985939). NB received funding from the SNF (grant numbers 40FA40_154245, 20FI21_148992, 20FI20_173691, 407340_172433) and from the EU (contract no. 774124). ICOS EU research infrastructure. EU FP7 NitroEurope. EU FP7 ECLAIRE. The authors from Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, PDBFF, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Brazil were supported by the MCTI/CNPq/FNDCT - AcAo Transversal no68/2013 - Programa de Grande Escala da Biosfera-Atmosfera na Amazonia - LBA; Project 'Como as florestas da Amazonia Central respondem as variacoes climaticas? Efeitos sobre dinamica florestal e sinergia com a fragmentacAo florestal'. This is the study 829 of the BDFFP Technical Series. to The EUCFLUX Cooperative Research Program and Forest Science and Research Institute-IPEF. NC acknowledges funding by Stelvio National Park. JC was funded by the Spanish government grant CGL2016-78093-R. ANID-FONDECYT 1181745 AND INSTITUTO ANTARTICO CHILENO (INACH FR-0418). SC received funding from the German Research Foundation (grant no. DFG- FZT 118, 202548816). The National Science Foundation, Poland (grant no. UMO-2017/27/B/ST10/02228), within the framework of the 'Carbon dioxide uptake potential of sphagnum peatlands in the context of atmospheric optical parameters and climate changes' (KUSCO2) project. SLC received funding from the South African National Research Foundation and the Australian Research Council. FM, M, KU and MU received funding from Slovak Research and Development Agency (no. APVV-19-0319). Instituto Antartico Chileno (INACH_RT-48_16), Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio Nucleo Milenio de Salmonidos Invasores INVASAL, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), CONICYT PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170008. PC is supported by NERC core funding to the BAS 'Biodiversity, Evolution and Adaptation Team. EJC received funding from the Norwegian Research Council (grant number 230970). GND was supported by NERC E3 doctoral training partnership grant (NE/L002558/1) at the University of Edinburgh and the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland. Monitoring stations on Livingston Island, Antarctica, were funded by different research projects of the Gobern of Spain (PERMAPLANET CTM2009-10165-E; ANTARPERMA CTM2011-15565-E; PERMASNOW CTM2014-52021-R), and the PERMATHERMAL arrangement between the University of Alcala and the Spanish Polar Committee. GN received funding from the Autonomous Province of Bolzano (ITA). The infrastructure, part of the UK Environmental Change Network, was funded historically in part by ScotNature and NERC National Capability LTS-S: UK-SCAPE; NE/R016429/1). JD was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (GA17-19376S) and MSMT (LTAUSA18007). ED received funding from the Kempe Foundation (JCK-1112 and JCK-1822). The infrastructure was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within the National Sustainability Programme I (NPU I), grant number LO1415 and by the project for national infrastructure support CzeCOS/ICOS Reg. No. LM2015061. NE received funding from the German Research Foundation (DFG- FZT 118, 202548816). BE received funding from the GLORIA-EU project no EVK2-CT2000-00056, the Autonomous Province of Bolzano (ITA), from the Tiroler Wissenschaftsfonds and from the University of Innsbruck. RME was supported by funding to the SAFE Project from the Sime Darby Foundation. OF received funding from the German Research Foundation (DFG- FZT 118, 202548816). EFP was supported by the Jardin Botanico Atlantico (SV-20-GIJON-JBA). MF was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the context of The Future Okavango (Grant No. 01LL0912) and SASSCAL (01LG1201M; 01LG1201N) projects. EFL received funding from ANID PIA / BASAL FB210006. RAG received funding from Fondecyt 11170516, CONICYT PIA AFB170008 and ANID PIA / BASAL FB210006. MBG received funding from National Parks (DYNBIO, #1656/2015) and The Spanish Research Agency (VULBIMON, #CGL2017-90040-R). MG received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (ICOS-CH Phase 2 20FI20_173691). FG received funding from the German Research Foundation (DFG- FZT 118, 202548816). KG and TS received funding from the UK Biotechnology and Biological Research Council (grant = 206/D16053). SG was supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (project G0H1517N). KJ and PH received funding from the EU Horizon2020 INFRAIA project eLTER-PLUS (871128), the project LTER-CWN (FFG, F&E Infrastrukturforderung, project number 858024) and the Austrian Climate Research Program (ACRP7 - CentForCSink - KR14AC7K11960). SH and ARB received funding through iDiv funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG- FZT 118, 202548816). LH received funding from the Czech Science Foundation (grant nr. 20-28119S) and the Czech Academy of Sciences (grant nr. RVO 67985939). MH received funding from the Baden-Wurttemberg Ministry of Science, Research and Arts via the project DRIeR (Drought impacts, processes and resilience: making the in-visible visible). LH received funding from International Polar Year, Weston Foundation, and ArcticNet. DH received funding from Natural Sciences and Engineering Council (Canada) (RGPIN-06691). TTH received funding from Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant no. 8021-00423B) and Villum Foundation (grant no. 17523). Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (projects LM2015078, VAN2020/01 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001708). KH, CG and CJD received funding from Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University and from the Swedish research council Formas [grant n:o 2014-00530 to KH]. JJ received funding from the Funding Org. Swedish Forest Society Foundation (grant nr. 2018-485-Steg 2 2017) and Swedish Research Council FORMAS (grant nr. 2018-00792). AJ received funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research BMBF (Grant Nr. FKZ 031B0516C SUSALPS) and the Oberfrankenstiftung (Grant Nr. OFS FP00237). ISJ received funding from the Energy Research Fund (NYR-11 - 2019, NYR-18 - 2020). TJ was supported by a UK NERC Independent Research Fellowship (grant number: NE/S01537X/1). RJ received funding from National Science Centre of Poland (grant number: 2016/21/B/ST10/02271) and Polish National Centre for Research and Development (grant number: Pol-Nor/203258/31/2013). VK received funding from the Czech Academy of Sciences (grant nr. RVO 67985939). AAK received funding from MoEFCC, Govt of India (AICOPTAX project F. No. 22018/12/2015/RE/Tax). NK received funding from FORMAS (grants nr. 2018-01781, 2018-02700, 2019-00836), VR, support from the research infrastructure ICOS-SE. BK received funding from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary (grant nr. K128441). Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (projects LM2015078 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001708). Project B1-RNM-163-UGR-18-Programa Operativo FEDER 2018, partially funded data collection. Norwegian Research Council (NORKLIMA grants #184912 and #244525) awarded to Vigdis Vandvik. MM received funding from the Czech Science Foundation (grant nr. 20-28119S) and the Czech Academy of Sciences (grant nr. RVO 67985939). Project CONICYT-PAI 79170119 and ANID-MPG 190029 awarded to Roy Mackenzie. This work was partly funded by project MIUR PON Cluster OT4CLIMA. RM received funding from the SNF project number 407340_172433. FM received funding from the Stelvio National Park. PM received funding from AIAS-COFUND fellowship programme supported by the Marie Skodowska- Curie actions under the European Union's Seventh Framework Pro-gramme for Research, Technological development and Demonstration (grant agreement no 609033) and the Aarhus University Research Foundation, Denmark. RM received funding from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (project LTT17033). SM and VM received funding from EU FP6 NitroEurope (grant nr. 17841), EU FP7 ECLAIRE (grant nr. 282910), the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (projects nr. 505, 550, 574, 602), GEF-UNEP funded "Toward INMS" project (grant nr. NEC05348) and ENI CBC BSB PONTOS (grant nr. BSB 889). The authors from Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, PDBFF, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Brazil were supported by the MCTI/CNPq/FNDCT - AcAo Transversal no68/2013 - Programa de Grande Escala da Biosfera-Atmosfera na Amazonia - LBA; Project 'Como as florestas da Amazonia Central respondem as variacoes climaticas? Efeitos sobre dinamica florestal e sinergia com a fragmentacAo florestal'. FJRM was financially supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VICI grant 016.VICI.170.072) and Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-SBO grant S000619N). STM received funding from New Frontiers in Research Fund-Exploration (grant nr. NFRF-2018-02043) and NSERC Discovery. MMR received funding from the Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award (grant nr. DE180100570). JAM received funding from the National Science Foundation (DEB 1557094), International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy and Sustainability (I-CARES) at Washington University in St. Louis, ForestGEO, and Tyson Research Center. IM-S was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council through the ShrubTundra Project (NE/M016323/1). MBN received funding from FORMAS, VR, Kempe Foundations support from the research infrastructures ICOS and SITES. MDN received funding from CONICET (grant nr. PIP 112-201501-00609). Spanish Ministry of Science grant PID2019-110521GB-I00 and Catalan government grant 2017-1005. French National Research Agency (ANR) in the frame of the Cluster of Excellence COTE (project HydroBeech, ANR-10-LABX-45). VLIR-OUS, under the Institutional University Coorperation programme (IUC) with Mountains of the Moon University. Project LAS III 77/2017/B entitled: \"Estimation of net carbon dioxide fluxes exchanged between the forest ecosystem on post-agricultural land and between the tornado-damaged forest area and the atmosphere using spectroscopic and numerical methods\", source of funding: General Directorate of State Forests, Warsaw, Poland. Max Planck Society (Germany), RFBR, Krasnoyarsk Territory and Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund of Science, project number 20-45-242908. Estonian Research Council (PRG609), and the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange). Canada-Denmark Arctic Research Station Early Career Scientist Exchange Program, from Polar knowledge Canada (POLAR) and the Danish Agency for Science and Higher Education. AP received funding from Fondecyt 1180205, CONICYT PIA AFB170008 and ANID PIA / BASAL FB210006. MP received funding from the Funding Org. Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (grant nr. 2015.0047), and acknowledges funding from the Swedish Research Council (VR) with contributing research institutes to both the SITES and ICOS Sweden infrastructures. JP and RO were funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science grant PID2019-110521GB-I00, the fundacion Ramon Areces grant ELEMENTAL-CLIMATE, and the Catalan government grant 2017-1005. MPB received funding from the Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund (grant project number 15/128) and the Research Council of Norway (Arctic Field Grant, project number 269957). RP received funding from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (grant INTER-TRANSFER nr. LTT20017). LTSER Zone Atelier Alpes; Federation FREE-Alpes. RP received funding from a Humboldt Fellowship for Experienced Researchers. Prokushkin AS and Zyryanov VI contribution has been supported by the RFBR grant #18-05-60203-Arktika. RPu received founding from the Polish National Science Centre (grant project number 2017/27/B/NZ8/00316). ODYSSEE project (ANR-13-ISV7-0004, PN-II-ID-JRP-RO-FR-2012). KR was supported through an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. Fieldwork was supported by the Global Challenges program at the University of Wollongong, the ARC the Australian Antarctic Division and INACH. DR was funded by the project SUBANTECO IPEV 136 (French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor), Zone Atelier CNRS Antarctique et Terres Australes, SAD Region Bretagne (Project INFLICT), BiodivERsa 2019-2020 BioDivClim call 'ASICS' (ANR-20-EBI5-0004). SAR received funding from the Australian Research Council. NSF grant #1556772 to the University of Notre Dame. Pavia University (Italy). OR received funding from EU-LEAP-Agri (RAMSES II), EU-DESIRA (CASSECS), EU-H2020 (SustainSahel), AGROPOLIS and TOTAL Foundations (DSCATT), CGIAR (GLDC). AR was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant 18-74-10048). Parc national des Ecrins. JS received funding from Vetenskapsradet grant nr (No: 2014-04270), ALTER-net multi-site grant, River LIFE project (LIFE08 NAT/S/000266), Flexpeil. Helmholtz Association long-term research program TERENO (Terrestrial Environmental Observatories). PS received funding from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant nr. N N305 304840). AS acknowledges funding by ETH Zurich project FEVER ETH-27 19-1. LSC received funding from NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship (Doctoral) Program; LSC was also supported by ArcticNet-NCE (insert grant #). Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (141513/2017-9); FundacAo Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (E26/200.84/2019). ZS received funding from the SRDA (grants nos. APVV-16-0325 and APVV-20-0365) and from the ERDF (grant no. ITMS 313011S735, CE LignoSilva). JS, MB and CA received funding from core budget of ETH Zurich. State excellence Program M-V \"WETSCAPES\". AfricanBioServices project funded by the EU Horizon 2020 grant number 641918. The authors from KIT/IMK-IFU acknowledge the funding received within the German Terrestrial Environmental Observatories (TERENO) research program of the Helmholtz Association and from the Bavarian Ministry of the Environment and Public Health (UGV06080204000). Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), project number 192626868, in the framework of the collaborative German-Indonesian research project CRC 990 (SFB): 'EFForTS, Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)'. MS received funding from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (grant nr. INTER-TRANSFER LTT19018). TT received funding from the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB Dnr 95/16) and the CASSECS project supported by the European Union. HJDT received funding from the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC doctoral training partnership grant NE/L002558/1). German Science Foundation (DFG) GraKo 2010 \"Response\". PDT received funding from the MEMOIRE project (PN-III-P1-1.1-PD2016-0925). Arctic Challenge for Sustainability II (ArCS II; JPMXD1420318865). JU received funding from Czech Science Foundation (grant nr. 21-11487S). TU received funding from the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research (CCCDI - UEFISCDI -project PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-4924 and PN2019-2022/19270201-Ctr. 25N BIODIVERS 3-BIOSERV). AV acknowledge funding from RSF, project 21-14-00209. GFV received funding from the Dutch Research Council NWO (Veni grant, no. 863.14.013). Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award DE140101611. FGAV received funding from the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) under CEECIND/02509/2018, CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020), FCT/MCTES through national funds, and the co-funding by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement and Compete 2020. Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park. MVI received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through a doctoral grant (FPU17/05869). JW received funding from the Czech Science Foundation (grant nr. 20-28119S) and the Czech Academy of Sciences (grant nr. RVO 67985939). CR and SW received funding from the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) and the de Giacomi foundation. YY received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 41861134039 and 41941015). ZY received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nr. 41877458). FZ received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant nr. 172198 and 193645). PZ received funding from the Funding Org. Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (grant no. 2015.0047). JL received funding from (i) the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), under the framework of the young investigators (JCJC) funding instrument (ANR JCJC Grant project NoANR-19-CE32-0005-01: IMPRINT) (ii) the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (Defi INFINITI 2018: MORFO); and the Structure Federative de Recherche (SFR) Condorcet (FR CNRS 3417: CREUSE). Fieldwork in the Arctic got facilitated by funding from the EU INTERACT program. SN, UAT, JJA and JvO would like to thank the field team of the Vegetation Dynamics group for their efforts and hard work. We acknowledge Dominique Tristan for letting access to the field. For the logistic support the crew of INACH and Gabriel de Castilla Station team on Deception Island. We thank the Inuvialuit and Kluane First Nations for the opportunity to work on their land. MAdP acknowledges fieldwork assistance and logistics support to Unidad de Tecnologia Marina CSIC, and the crew of Juan Carlos I and Gabriel de Castilla Spanish Antarctic Stations, as well as to the different colleagues from UAH that helped on the instrument maintenance. ERF acknowledges fieldwork assistance by Martin Heggli. MBG acknowledges fieldwork and technical assistance by P Abadia, C Benede, P Bravo, J Gomez, M Grasa, R Jimenez, H Miranda, B Ponz, J Revilla and P Tejero and the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park staff. LH acknowledges field assistance by John Jacobs, Andrew Trant, Robert Way, Darroch Whitaker; we acknowledge the Inuit of Nunatsiavut, and the Co-management Board of Torngat Mountains National Park for their support of this project and acknowledge that the field research was conducted on their traditional lands. We thank our many bear guides, especially Boonie, Eli, Herman, John and Maria Merkuratsuk. AAK acknowledges field support of Akhtar Malik, Rameez Ahmad. Part of microclimatic records from Saxony was funded by the Saxon Switzerland National Park Administration. Tyson Research Center. JP acknowledges field support of Emmanuel Malet (Edytem) and Rangers of Reserves Naturelles de Haute-Savoie (ASTERS). Practical help: Roel H. Janssen, N. Huig, E. Bakker, Schools in the tepaseforsoket, Forskar fredag, Erik Herberg. The support by the Bavarian Forest National Park administration is highly appreciated. LvdB acknowledges CONAF and onsite support from the park rangers from PN Pan de Azucar, PN La Campana, PN Nahuelbuta and from communidad agricola Quebrada de Talca. JL and FS acknowledge Manuel Nicolas and all forest officers from the Office National des Forets (ONF) who are in charge of the RENECOFOR network and who provided help and local support for the installation and maintenance of temperature loggers in the field., Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0–5 and 5–15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 p ixels ( summarized f rom 8 519 u nique t emperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (−0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications., FWO G018919N W001919N 12P1819N, DOB Ecology, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science (MICROCLIM) 7510145, European Research Council (ERC) FORMICA 757833, Arctic Interactions at the University of Oulu, Academy of Finland 318930 337552, Maaja vesitekniikan tuki ry., Tiina and Antti Herlin Foundation, Nordenskiold Samfundet, Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 20-28119S 20-05840Y GA17-19376S 21-11487S, Czech Academy of Sciences RVO 67985939, National Geographic Society 9480-14 WW-240R-17, CISSC (program ICRP) 2397, Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) 96005914, Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division, Qatar Petroleum QUEX-CAS-QP-RD-18/19, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program 678841, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), European Commission 172198 193645 31003A_176044, Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic LTAUSA19137, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation FSRZ-2020-0014, Independent Research Fund Denmark 8021-00423B 7027-00133B, German Research Foundation (DFG) DFG- FZT 118 202548816 TI 338/14-1 TI 338/14-2 BA 3843/6-1, grant project VEGA of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic Slovak Academy of Sciences 2/0132/18, Forestry Commission, Universidad Javeriana, Direccion General de Cambio Climatico del Gobierno de Aragon, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skodowska-Curie Grant 657627 SNF 407340_172433 40FA40_154245 20FI21_148992 20FI20_173691, European Commission 17841 774124, MCTI/CNPq/FNDCT 68/2013, Project 'Como as florestas da Amazonia Central respondem as variacoes climaticas? Efeitos sobre dinamica florestal e sinergia com a fragmentacAo florestal', Spanish Government, European Commission CGL2016-78093-R, ANID-FONDECYT 1181745, National Science Foundation, Poland UMO-2017/27/B/ST10/02228, National Research Foundation - South Africa, Australian Research Council, Slovak Research and Development Agency APVV-19-0319, Instituto Antartico Chileno INACH_RT-48_16 INACH FR-0418, Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170008 PIA AFB170008, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Research Council of Norway, European Commission 230970, NERC E3 doctoral training partnership grant at the University of Edinburgh NE/L002558/1, Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland, Gobern of Spain PERMAPLANET CTM2009-10165-E ANTARPERMA CTM2011-15565-E PERMASNOW CTM2014-52021-R, University of Alcala, Spanish Polar Committee, Autonomous Province of Bolzano (ITA), ScotNature, NERC National Capability LTS-S: UK-SCAPE NE/R016429/1, Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic LTAUSA18007, Kempe Foundation JCK-1112 JCK-1822, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within the National Sustainability Programme I (NPU I) LO1415, project for national infrastructure support CzeCOS/ICOS LM2015061 GLORIA-EU EVK2-CT2000-00056, Tiroler Wissenschaftsfonds, University of Innsbruck, Sime Darby Foundation, Jardin Botanico Atlantico SV-20-GIJON-JBA, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) 01LL0912 01LG1201M 01LG1201N, Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 11170516 1180205, ANID PIA / BASAL FB210006, National Parks (DYNBIO) 1656/2015, Spanish Research Agency (VULBIMON) CGL2017-90040-R, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) 20FI20_173691, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) 206/D16053 FWO G0H1517N, EU Horizon2020 INFRAIA project eLTER-PLUS 871128, project LTER-CWN (FFG, F&E Infrastrukturforderung) 858024, Austrian Climate Research Program ACRP7 - CentForCSink - KR14AC7K11960, iDiv by the German Research Foundation DFG- FZT 118 202548816, Baden-Wurttemberg Ministry of Science, Research and Arts, Weston Foundation, ArcticNet, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) RGPIN-06691, Villum Foundation 17523, Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic LM2015078 VAN2020/01 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001708 LTT17033 LTT20017 INTER-TRANSFER LTT19018, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Swedish Research Council Swedish Research Council Formas 2014-00530 2018-00792 2016-01187, Swedish Forest Society Foundation 2018-485-Steg 2 2017, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) FKZ 031B0516C SUSALPS, Oberfrankenstiftung OFS FP00237, Energy Research Fund NYR-11 - 2019 NYR-18 - 2020, UK NERC Independent Research Fellowship NE/S01537X/1, National Science Centre, Poland 2016/21/B/ST10/02271, Polish National Centre for Research and Development Pol-Nor/203258/31/2013, MoEFCC, Govt of India (AICOPTAX project) 22018/12/2015/RE/Tax, Swedish Research Council Formas 2018-01781 2018-02700 2019-00836, research infrastructure ICOS-SE, National Research, Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary K128441, Programa Operativo FEDER 2018 B1-RNM-163-UGR-18, Norwegian Research Council (NORKLIMA grants) 184912 244525, CONICYT-PAI 79170119, ANID-MPG 190029, project MIUR PON Cluster OT4CLIMA, Stelvio National Park, AIAS-COFUND fellowship programme - Marie Skodowska- Curie actions under the European Union's Seventh Framework Pro-gramme for Research, Technological development and Demonstration 609033, Aarhus University Research Foundation, Denmark, EU FP6 NitroEurope 17841, EU FP7 ECLAIRE 282910, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine 505 550 574 602, GEF-UNEP NEC05348, ENI CBC BSB PONTOS BSB 889, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) 016.VICI.170.072, New Frontiers in Research Fund-Exploration NFRF-2018-02043, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Australian Research Council DE180100570, National Science Foundation (NSF) DEB 1557094, International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy and Sustainability (I-CARES) at Washington University in St. Louis, Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Tyson Research Center, UK Natural Environment Research Council through the ShrubTundra Project NE/M016323/1, Swedish Research Council Formas Swedish Research Council, Kempe Foundations - research infrastructure ICOS Kempe Foundations - research infrastructure SITES, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) PIP 112-201501-00609, Spanish Government PID2019-110521GB-I00, Catalan government 2017-1005, French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-10-LABX-45, General Directorate of State Forests, Warsaw, Poland, Max Planck Society, Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), Krasnoyarsk Territory Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund of Science 20-45-242908, Estonian Research Council PRG609, Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation 2015.0047, Swedish Research Council, fundacion Ramon Areces grant ELEMENTAL-CLIMATE, Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund 15/128, Research Council of Norway 269957, Humboldt Fellowship for Experienced Researchers, Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) 18-05-60203-Arktika, Polish National Science Centre 2017/27/B/NZ8/00316, ODYSSEE project (PN-II-ID-JRP-RO-FR-2012) ANR-13-ISV7-0004, Australian Government, Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, Global Challenges program at the University of Wollongong, ARC the Australian Antarctic Division, INACH, project SUBANTECO IPEV 136 (French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor), Zone Atelier CNRS Antarctique et Terres Australes, SAD Region Bretagne (Project INFLICT), BiodivERsa 2019-2020 BioDivClim call 'ASICS' ANR-20-EBI5-0004, National Science Foundation (NSF) 1556772, EU-LEAP-Agri (RAMSES II) EU-DESIRA (CASSECS) EU-H2020 (SustainSahel), AGROPOLIS, Total SA, CGIAR, Russian Science Foundation (RSF) 18-74-10048, Swedish Research Council 2014-04270, ALTER-net multi-site grant, River LIFE project LIFE08 NAT/S/000266, Flexpeil, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland N N305 304840, ETH Zurich FEVER ETH-27 19-1, NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship (Doctoral) Program, ArcticNet-NCE, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) 141513/2017-9, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio De Janeiro (FAPERJ) E26/200.84/2019, SRDA APVV-16-0325 APVV-20-0365, ERDF (CE LignoSilva) ITMS 313011S735, ETH Zurich, EU Horizon 2020 641918, German Terrestrial Environmental Observatories (TERENO) research program of the Helmholtz Association, Bavarian Ministry of the Environment and Public Health UGV06080204000 German Research Foundation (DFG) 192626868, Swedish National Space Board (SNSB) 95/16, CASSECS project by the European Union, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) NE/L002558/1, MEMOIRE project PN-III-P1-1.1-PD2016-0925, Arctic Challenge for Sustainability II (ArCS II) JPMXD1420318865, Consiliul National al Cercetarii Stiintifice (CNCS), Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii (UEFISCDI) PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-4924 PN2019-2022/19270201, 25N BIODIVERS 3-BIOSERV, Russian Science Foundation (RSF) 21-14-00209., Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) 863.14.013, Australian Research Council DE140101611, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology CEECIND/02509/2018 CESAM UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology European Commission, FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement, Compete 2020, Spanish Government FPU17/05869, Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), Giacomi foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 41861134039 41941015 41877458, French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-19-CE32-0005-01 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Structure Federative de Recherche (SFR) Condorcet (FR CNRS 3417: CREUSE), EU INTERACT program, Inuit of Nunatsiavut, Co-management Board of Torngat Mountains National Park, Saxon Switzerland National Park Administration, Bavarian Forest National Park administration, BECC - Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate, Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-SBO) S000619N
Published: 2021
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26. Rheology of amorphous olivine thin films characterized by nanoindentation

Author: Ralf Dohmen, A. Orekhov, Hosni Idrissi, Michaël Coulombier, Patrick Cordier, Thomas Pardoen, Paul Baral, Jean-Pierre Raskin, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] (IMMC), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL), Electron Microscopy for Materials Science - EMAT (Antwerp, Belgium), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], European Project: 787198,ERC-2017-ADG,TimeMan(2019), Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], UCL - SST/IMMC/IMAP - Materials and process engineering, UCL - SST/ICTM/ELEN - Pôle en ingénierie électrique, University of Antwerp - EMAT, Ruhr-University Bochum - Institute of Geology, Mineralogy, and Geophysics, Univ. Lille - UMET, Institut Universitaire de France, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] [IMMC], Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics [ICTEAM], and Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET) - UMR 8207
Subjects: Relaxation, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Polymers and Plastics, nanoindentation, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Nanoindentation, Pulsed laser deposition, relaxation, Amorphous olivin, Composite material, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Grain Boundary Sliding, glass, Olivine, Physics, Metals and Alloys, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Amorphous solid, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Grain boundary, rheology, Crystallite, Glass, amorphous olivine, 0210 nano-technology, Rheology, Single crystal, Engineering sciences. Technology
Abstract: The rheological properties of amorphous olivine thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition have been studied based on ambient temperature nanoindentation under constant strain-rate as well as re-laxation conditions. The amorphous olivine films exhibit a viscoelastic-viscoplastic behavior with a significant rate dependency. The strain-rate sensitivity m is equal to similar to 0 . 05 which is very high for silicates, indicating a complex out-of-equilibrium structure. The minimum apparent activation volume determined from nanoindentation experiments corresponds to Mg and Fe atomic metallic sites in the (Mg,Fe)(2)SiO4 crystalline lattice. The ambient temperature creep behavior of the amorphous olivine films differs very much from the one of single crystal olivine. This behavior directly connects to the recent demonstration of the activation of grain boundary sliding in polycrystalline olivine following grain boundary amorphization under high-stress. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
Published: 2021
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27. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: recent concepts in diagnosis, mechanisms and management

Author: Andreas B Gevaert, Rachna Kataria, Faiez Zannad, Andrew J Sauer, Kevin Damman, Kavita Sharma, Sanjiv J Shah, Harriette G C Van Spall, Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston, MA, USA], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Centre d'investigation clinique plurithématique Pierre Drouin [Nancy] (CIC-P), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique (DCAC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists [Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy] (INI-CRCT), Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu [Nancy], French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network - F-CRIN [Paris] (Cardiovascular & Renal Clinical Trialists - CRCT ), University of Kansas [Kansas City], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute at Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University [Evanston], McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario]-Hamilton General Hospital, ABG acknowledges funding from the European Society of Cardiology in form of an ESC Training Grant. SJS has received research grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01 HL107577, R01 HL127028, R01 HL140731, R01 HL149423). HGCV is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and BOZEC, Erwan
Subjects: Heart Failure, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Angiotensins, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, cardiovascular system, Humans, Stroke Volume, Human medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Prognosis, Biology, Ventricular Function, Left, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system
Abstract: International audience; It is estimated that half of all patients with heart failure (HF) have HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Yet this form of HF remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Differentiating HFpEF from other causes of dyspnoea may require advanced diagnostic methods, such as exercise echocardiography, invasive haemodynamics and investigations for ‘HFpEF mimickers’. While the classification of HF has relied heavily on cut-points in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), recent evidence points towards a gradual shift in underlying mechanisms, phenotypes and response to therapies as LVEF increases. For example, among patients with HF, the proportion of hospitalisations and deaths due to cardiac causes decreases as LVEF increases. Medication classes that are efficacious in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have been less so at higher LVEF ranges, decreasing the risk of HF hospitalisation but not cardiovascular or all-cause death in HFpEF. These observations reflect the burden of non-cardiac comorbidities as LVEF increases and highlight the complex pathophysiological mechanisms, both cardiac and non-cardiac, underpinning HFpEF. Treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduces the risk of composite cardiovascular events, driven by a reduction in HF hospitalisations; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockers and angiotensin-neprilysin inhibitors result in smaller reductions in HF hospitalisations among patients with HFpEF. Comprehensive management of HFpEF includes exercise as well as treatment of risk factors and comorbidities. Classification based on phenotypes may facilitate a more targeted approach to treatment than LVEF categorisation, which sets arbitrary cut-points when LVEF is a continuum. This narrative review summarises the pathophysiology, diagnosis, classification and management of patients with HFpEF.
Published: 2021
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28. On the formation mechanisms of intragranular shear bands in olivine by stress-induced amorphization

Author: Hosni Idrissi, Armand Béché, Nicolas Gauquelin, Ihtasham Ul-Haq, Caroline Bollinger, Sylvie Demouchy, Johan Verbeeck, Thomas Pardoen, Dominique Schryvers, Patrick Cordier, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Electron Microscopy for Materials Science - EMAT (Antwerp, Belgium), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (Bayerisches Geoinstitut), Universität Bayreuth, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 787198,ERC-2017-ADG,TimeMan(2019), Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, ENSCL, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain [UCL], Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics [Bayerisches Geoinstitut], Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET) - UMR 8207, UCL - SST/IMMC/IMAP - Materials and process engineering, University of Antwerp - Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, Universität Bayreuth - Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universitéde Montpellier and CNRS - Géosciences Montpellier, Univ. Lille - UMET - UnitéMatériaux et Transformations, and Institut Universitaire de France
Subjects: Stress-induced amorphization mechansims, Shear band, Olivine, Polymers and Plastics, Physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Metals and Alloys, Ceramics and Composites, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Engineering sciences. Technology, Stress-induced amorphization mechanisms, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract: Intragranular amorphization shear lamellae are found in deformed olivine aggregates. The detailed trans-mission electron microscopy analysis of intragranular lamella arrested in the core of a grain provides novel information on the amorphization mechanism. The deformation field is complex and heteroge-neous, corresponding to a shear crack type instability involving mode I, II and III loading components. The formation and propagation of the amorphous lamella is accompanied by the formation of crystal defects ahead of the tip. These defects are geometrically necessary [001] dislocations, characteristics of high-stress deformation in olivine, and rotational nanodomains which are tentatively interpreted as disclinations. We show that these defects play an important role in dictating the path followed by the amorphous lamella. Stress-induced amorphization in olivine would thus result from a direct crystal-to -amorphous transformation associated with a shear instability and not from a mechanical destabilization due to the accumulation of high number of defects from an intense preliminary deformation. The pref-erential alignment of some lamellae along (010) is a proof of the lower ultimate mechanical strength of these planes.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Published: 2022
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29. High-risk exposure without personal protective equipment and infection with SARS-CoV-2 in-hospital workers - The CoV-CONTACT cohort

Author: Tubiana, Sarah, Burdet, Charles, Houhou, Nadhira, Thy, Michael, Manchon, Pauline, Blanquart, François, Charpentier, Charlotte, Guedj, Jérémie, Alavoine, Loubna, Behillil, Sylvie, Leclercq, Anne, Lucet, Jean-Christophe, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Attia, Mikaël, Demeret, Caroline, Rose, Thierry, Bielicki, Julia Anna, Bruijning-Verhagen, Patricia, Goossens, Herman, Descamps, Diane, van der Werf, Sylvie, Lina, Bruno, Duval, Xavier, Abad, Fanny, Abry, Dominique, Allain, Jean-Sébastien, Amiel-Taieb, Karline, Audoin, Pierre, Augustin, Shana, Ayala, Sandrine, Bansard, Hélène, Bertholon, Fréderique, Boissel, Nolwenn, Botelho-Nevers, Elisabeth, Bouiller, Kévin, Bourgeon, Marilou, Boutrou, Mathilde, Brick, Lysiane, Bruneau, Léa, Caumes, Eric, Chabouis, Agnès, Chan Thien, Eric, Chirouze, Catherine, Coignard, Bruno, Costa, Yolande, Costenoble, Virginie, Cour, Sylvie, Cracowski, Claire, Cracowski Jean, Luc, Deplanque, Dominique, Dequand, Stéphane, Desille-Dugast, Mireille, Desmarets, Maxime, Detoc, Maelle, Dewitte, Marie, Djossou, Felix, Ecobichon, Jean-Luc, Elrezzi, Elise, Faurous, William, Fortuna, Viviane, Fouchard, Julie, Gantier, Emilie, Gautier, Céline, Gerardin, Patrick, Gerset, Sandrine, Gilbert, Marie, Gissot, Valérie, Guillemin, Francis, Hartard, Cédric, Hazevis, Béatrice, Hocquet, Didier, Hodaj, Enkelejda, Ilic-Habensus, Emila, A, Jeudy, Jeulin, Helene, Kane, Maty, Kasprzyk, Emmanuelle, Kikoine, John, Laine, Fabrice, Laviolle, Bruno, Lebeaux, David, Ledru, Eric, Lefevre, Benjamin, Legoas, Carole, Legrand, Amélie, Legrand, Karine, Lehacaut, Jonathan, Lehur, Claire, Lemouche, Dalila, Lepiller, Quentin, Lepuil, Sévérine, Letienne, Estelle, Lucarelli, Aude, Madeline, Isabelle, Maillot, Adrien, Malapate, Catherine, Malvy, Denis, Mandic, Milica, Marty-Quinternet, Solène, Meghadecha, Mohamed, Mergeay-Fabre, Mayka, Mespoulhe, Pauline, Meunier, Alexandre, Migaud, Maria-Claire, Motiejunaite, Justina, Nathalie, Gay, Nguyen, Duc, Oubbea, Soumaya, Pagadoy, Maïder, Paris, Adeline, Paris, Christophe, Payet, Christine, Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan, Perez, Lucas, Perreau, Pauline, Pierrez, Nathalie, Pistone, Thierry, Postolache, Andreea, Rasoamanana, Patrick, Reminiac, Cécile, Rexah, Jade, Roche-Gouanvic, Elise, Rousseau, Alexandra, Schoemaecker, Betty, Simon, Sandrine, Soler, Catherine, Somers, Stéphanie, Sow, Khaly, Tardy, Bernard, Terzian, Zaven, Tournier, Anne, Tyrode, Sandrine, Vauchy, Charline, Verdon, Renaud, Vernet, Pauline, Vignali, Valérie, Waucquier, Nawal, Do Thi Thu, Huong, Laouénan, Cédric, Mentre, France, Pauline, Manchon, Dechanet, Aline, Letrou, Sophie, Quintin, Caroline, Frezouls, Wahiba, Le Hingrat, Quentin, Damond, Florence, Descamps, Dianes, Visseaux, Benoit, Vabret, Astrid, Bouscambert, Maud, Gaillanne, Laurence, Benmalek, Nabil, Attia, Mikael, Barbet, Marion, Petres, Stéphane, Escriou, Nicolas, Goyard, Sophie, Kafif, Ouifiya, Piquard, Valentine, Mailles, Alexandra, Simondon, Anne, Dreyere, Marion, Morel, Bruno, Vesval, Thiphaine, Amat, Karine, Ammour, Douae, Aqourras, Khadija, Couffin-Cadiergues, Sandrine, Delmas, Christelle, Desan, Vristi, Jean, Michel Doute, Esperou, Hélène, Hendou, Samia, Kouakam, Christelle, Le Meut, Guillaume, Lemestre, Soizic, Leturque, Nicolas, Marcoul, Emmanuelle, Nguefang, Solange, Roufai, Layidé, Abel, Laurent, Caillat-Zucman, Sophie, Study Group, Covcontact, Centre d'investigation Clinique [CHU Bichat] - Épidémiologie clinique (CIC 1425), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Physique des fonctions biologiques / Physics of Biological Functions, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes - Lymphocyte Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), St George's, University of London, University Children’s Hospital Basel = Hôpital pédiatrique universitaire des deux Bâle [Bâle, Suisse] (UKBB), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Virology and human respiratory Pathologies - Virology and human respiratory Pathologies (VirPath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires (dont la Grippe) [Lyon] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Institut des Agents Infectieux [Lyon] (IAI), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), ANR-20-COVI-0002,CORaDiag,COVID 19 Rapid diagnosis test (development and clinical validation in 7 weeks)(2020), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Health Personnel, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pneumonia, Viral, Sars-cov-2, Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, Health personnel, 0302 clinical medicine, High-risk exposure, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Personal protective equipment, medicine, Humans, Risk exposure, Transmission, 030212 general & internal medicine, Letter to the Editor, Pandemics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Transmission (medicine), business.industry, COVID-19, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Cohort, Emergency medicine, In-hospital workers, Human medicine, Coronavirus Infections, business
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021
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30. Graphene on boron-nitride: Moiré pattern in the van der Waals energy

Author: Peeters, F. [Department of Physics, University of Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen (Belgium)]
Published: 2014
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31. The effects of antibiotic cycling and mixing on acquisition of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the ICU: A post-hoc individual patient analysis of a prospective cluster-randomized crossover study

Author: Pleun J. van Duijn, Walter Verbrugghe, Philippe G. Jorens, Fabian Spöhr, Dirk Schedler, Maria Deja, Andreas Rothbart, Djillali Annane, Christine Lawrence, Matjaz Jereb, Katja Seme, Franc Šifrer, Viktorija Tomič, Francisco Estevez, Jandira Carneiro, Stephan Harbarth, Marc J. M. Bonten, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], University Medical Center of Schleswig–Holstein = Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Ljubljana, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, This work was supported financially by the European Commission under the Life Science Health Priority of the Seventh Framework Programme, under grant agreement number 241796 (SATURN project). Individual authors received no funding for this work, other than compensation for personnel for collecting study data. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., and European Project: 241796,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2009-single-stage,SATURN(2010)
Subjects: Piperacillin, Tazobactam, Cross-Over Studies, Multidisciplinary, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cephalosporins, Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists, Intensive Care Units, Carbapenems, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Human medicine, Prospective Studies
Abstract: Background Repeated rotation of empiric antibiotic treatment strategies is hypothesized to reduce antibiotic resistance. Clinical rotation studies failed to change unit-wide prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) carriage, including an international cluster-randomized crossover study. Unit-wide effects may differ from individual effects due to “ecological fallacy”. This post-hoc analysis of a cluster-randomized crossover study assesses differences between cycling and mixing rotation strategies in acquisition of carriage with Gram-negative ARB in individual patients. Methods This was a controlled cluster-randomized crossover study in 7 ICUs in 5 European countries. Clinical cultures taken as routine care were used for endpoint assessment. Patients with a first negative culture and at least one culture collected in total were included. Community acquisitions (2 days of admission or less) were excluded. Primary outcome was ICU-acquisition of Enterobacterales species with reduced susceptibility to: third- or fourth generation cephalosporins or piperacillin-tazobactam, and Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with reduced susceptibility for piperacillin-tazobactam or carbapenems. Cycling (altering first-line empiric therapy for Gram-negative bacteria, every other 6-weeks), to mixing (changing antibiotic type every empiric antibiotic course). Rotated antibiotics were third- or fourth generation cephalosporins, piperacillin-tazobactam and carbapenems. Results For this analysis 1,613 admissions were eligible (855 and 758 during cycling and mixing, respectively), with 16,437 microbiological cultures obtained. Incidences of acquisition with ARB during ICU-stay were 7.3% (n = 62) and 5.1% (n = 39) during cycling and mixing, respectively (p-value 0.13), after a mean of 17.7 (median 15) and 20.8 (median 13) days. Adjusted odds ratio for acquisition of ARB carriage during mixing was 0.62 (95% CI 0.38 to 1.00). Acquired carriage with ARB were Enterobacterales species (n = 61), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 38) and Acinetobacter species (n = 20), with no statistically significant differences between interventions. Conclusions There was no statistically significant difference in individual patients’ risk of acquiring carriage with Gram-negative ARB during cycling and mixing. These findings substantiate the absence of difference between cycling and mixing on the epidemiology of Gram-negative ARB in ICU. Trial registration This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, registered 10 January 2011, NCT01293071.
Published: 2022
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32. Aerobic swimming in intensive finfish aquaculture: applications for production, mitigation and selection

Author: Peter Vilhelm Skov, Gudrun De Boeck, Simon MacKenzie, Paolo Domenici, Arjan P. Palstra, Helgi Thorarensen, Marc Vandeputte, Josep V. Planas, Marie-Laure Bégout, David J. McKenzie, Sonia Rey, Daan Mes, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Université Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Stirling, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Barcelona, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hólar University College, AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Bologna] (CNR), CNR-IASF, and UK Research & Innovation (UKRI)Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)BB/S004386/1Funding Data Source:UKRIAppeared in source as:BBSRCTotal Award Amount: £164,704.00 GBPGrant Project Title:Evaluating the Environmental Conditions Required for the Development of Offshore AquacultureStart Date (YYYY-MM-DD): 2018-11-01End Date (YYYY-MM-DD): 2021-10-30Grant Status:ActivePrincipal Investigator:Sonia Rey PlanellasPrincipal Investigator Institution:University of StirlingGrant Summary:Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms, usually for the purposes of human consumption. Worldwide, fish and shellfish consumption is expanding. Globally wild fish stocks are in decline and aquaculture is rapidly growing in importance. Aquaculture production will continue to support the increasing human demand for seafood to feed both mass and quality markets in different regions of the world. Aquaculture is an increasingly important industry for the UK with exports worth in excess of £500 million. Most UK aquaculture occurs on the Scottish West coast with the dominant cultivated species being Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) which accounts for 98% of Scottish marine finfish aquaculture. The industry has an export value in excess of £500 million and employs more than 8,000 people mostly in remote locations where other job opportunities are scarce. Currently most aquaculture production occurs in fjordic sea lochs that provides relatively sheltered conditions for the farms. Industry and government have a desire to expand aquaculture production in Scotland but the opportunity to increase capacity within the sea loch environment in limited. Barriers to further expansion include planning issues, the transfer of parasitic sea lice that negatively impact fish health from one site to another, biomass limits imposed by the environmental regulator SEPA to minimise chemical and particulate impact, and the impact of fish killing harmful algal blooms that can be particularly acute in restricted exchange environments such as fjords. The fish farming industry also faces an ongoing battle with environmental campaigners who fear that intensive farming in lochs and fjords is damaging to wild stocks and ecosystems. The development of aquaculture in 'offshore' environments outside of sea lochs offers a potential route for the sustainable expansion of the industry. Such locations are still within the coastal marine environment but in more open and exposed water. More dispersive open environments potentially minimise the problems outlined above with the potential for larger farms with reduced inter connectivity and environmental impact. However, these more exposed environments will carry their own risks, for example in terms of potential storm damage. To proceed with the development of offshore aquaculture a better scientific understanding of its potential benefits is therefore required. To achieve this, this project will use a combination of experimental observation at existing and proposed fish farm locations of contrasting exposure, along with previously unavailable industry data to validate existing and new physical and biological mathematical models. These models will then be used to evaluate the potential to reduce sea lice infections, the harmful algal bloom risk, the risk of equiment failure and the impact on farmed fish health of operation in more energetic environments.
Subjects: Fish farming, growth, selection, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Biology, stres, 03 medical and health sciences, stress, Stocking, Aquaculture, Aerobic exercise, Production (economics), 14. Life underwater, Fokkerij & Genomica, Selection (genetic algorithm), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, business.industry, maturation, Robustness (evolution), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Fishery, welfare, aerobic exercise, 040102 fisheries, Trait, WIAS, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, human activities, Animal Breeding & Genomics
Abstract: International audience; We review knowledge on applications of sustained aerobic swimming as a tool to promote productivity and welfare of farmed fish species. There has been extensive interest in whether providing active species with a current to swim against can promote growth. The results are not conclusive but the studies have varied in species, life stage, swimming speed applied, feeding regime, stocking density and other factors. Therefore, much remains to be understood about mechanisms underlying findings of 'swimming-enhanced growth', in particular to demonstrate that swimming can improve feed conversion ratio and dietary protein retention under true aquaculture conditions. There has also been research into whether swimming can alleviate chronic stress, once again on a range of species and life stages. The evidence is mixed but swimming does improve recovery from acute stresses such as handling or confinement. Research into issues such as whether swimming can improve immune function and promote cognitive function is still at an early stage and should be encouraged. There is promising evidence that swimming can inhibit precocious sexual maturation in some species, so studies should be broadened to other species where precocious maturation is a problem. Swimming performance is a heritable trait and may prove a useful selection tool, especially if it is related to overall robustness. More research is required to better understand the advantages that swimming may provide to the fish farmer, in terms of production, mitigation and selection.
Published: 2021
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33. Correlating structure and detection properties in HgTe nanocrystal films

Author: Prachi Rastogi, Julien Ramade, Emmanuel Lhuillier, Sara Bals, M. Rosticher, Tung Dang, Junling Qu, Christophe Delerue, Charlie Gréboval, Sang-Soo Chee, Adrien Khalili, Corentin Dabard, Gilles Patriarche, Julien Chaste, Tung Huu Dang, Yoann Prado, Debora Vale Magalhaes, Audrey Chu, Physico-chimie et dynamique des surfaces (INSP-E6), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Nanostructures et optique (INSP-E4), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), ANR-19-CE24-0022,COPIN,Détecteur plasmonique à nanoCristaux colloïdaux: une nouvelle filière pour l'OPtoélectronique INfrarouge(2019), ANR-19-CE09-0017,FRONTAL,Nanocristaux Colloïdaux Dopés Infrarouges(2019), ANR-18-CE30-0023,IPER-Nano2,Nanocristaux de perovskite inorganique pour la nanophotonique(2018), ANR-20-ASTR-0008,NITquantum,Design et fabrication d'un plan focal dans le proche infrarouge à base de nanocrisrtaux(2020), ANR-19-CE09-0026,GRaSkop,Tuning Giant Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling in Polar Single Layer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides(2019), ANR-10-LABX-0067,MATISSE,MATerials, InterfaceS, Surfaces, Environment(2010), European Project: 756225,blackQD, European Project, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)
Subjects: Materials science, electron tomography, Infrared spectroscopy, gate effect, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, HgTe, Planar, Tight binding, tight binding, General Materials Science, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Mechanical Engineering, Tripod (photography), field-effect transistor, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, simulation, Chemistry, Nanocrystal, Electron tomography, Chemical physics, Field-effect transistor, 0210 nano-technology, p–n junction, p−n junction, Engineering sciences. Technology
Abstract: International audience; HgTe nanocrystals (NCs) enable broadly tunable infrared absorption, now commonly used to design light sensors. This material tends to grow under multipodic shapes and does not present well-defined size distributions. Such point generates traps and reduces the particle packing, leading to a reduced mobility. It is thus highly desirable to comprehensively explore the effect of the shape on their performance. Here, we show, using a combination of electron tomography and tight binding simulations, that the charge dissociation is strong within HgTe NCs, but poorly shape dependent. Then, we design a dual-gate field-effect-transistor made of tripod HgTe NCs and use it to generate a planar p–n junction, offering more tunability than its vertical geometry counterpart. Interestingly, the performance of the tripods is higher than sphere ones, and this can be correlated with a stronger Te excess in the case of sphere shapes which is responsible for a higher hole trap density.
Published: 2021
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34. Ferroelectric gating of narrow band-gap nanocrystal arrays with enhanced light-matter coupling

Author: Charlie Gréboval, Sara Bals, Sang-Soo Chee, Christophe Delerue, Grégory Vincent, Julien Ramade, Junling Qu, Adrien Khalili, Audrey Chu, Debora Vale Magalhaes, Hervé Aubin, Prachi Rastogi, Emmanuel Lhuillier, Physico-chimie et dynamique des surfaces (INSP-E6), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-19-CE09-0017,FRONTAL,Nanocristaux Colloïdaux Dopés Infrarouges(2019), ANR-09-BLAN-0179,COPIN(2009), ANR-19-CE09-0026,GRaSkop,Tuning Giant Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling in Polar Single Layer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides(2019), ANR-20-ASTR-0008,NITquantum,Design et fabrication d'un plan focal dans le proche infrarouge à base de nanocrisrtaux(2020), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)
Subjects: Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010309 optics, Resonator, 0103 physical sciences, plasmonic resonator, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Plasmon, Leakage (electronics), narrow band-gap nanocrystals, business.industry, Physics, field-effect transistor, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Ferroelectricity, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Cutoff frequency, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nanocrystal, infrared, Optoelectronics, ferroelectric, Field-effect transistor, 0210 nano-technology, business, Engineering sciences. Technology, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; As narrow band gap nanocrystals become a viable building block for the design of infrared sensors, device design needs to match with their actual operating conditions. While in the near IR and shortwave infrared room temperature operation have been demonstrated, longer wavelengths still require low temperature operation requiring specific design. Here, we discuss how field-effect transistors (FETs) can be compatible with low temperature detection. To reach this goal two key developments are proposed. First, we report gating of nanocrystal films from SrTiO3 used as a ferroelectric material leading to high gate capacitance with leakage and breakdown free operation in the 4-100 K range. Secondly, we demonstrate that this FET is compatible with a plasmonic resonator which role is to achieve strong light absorption from a thin film used as the channel of the FET. Combining three resonances, broad band absorption from 1.5 to 3 µm reaching 30% is demonstrated. Finally combining gate and enhanced light matter coupling, we show that detectivity can be as high as 10 12 jones for a device presenting a 3 µm cutoff wavelength and 30 K operation.
Published: 2021
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35. Identification and management of cardiometabolic risk in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A Delphi expert consensus study

Author: Stefan Leucht, Andrea Fagiolini, Aldo P. Maggioni, Celso Arango, Philip Gorwood, Marc De Hert, Stefano Del Prato, Silvana Galderisi, Armida Mucci, Galderisi, S., De Hert, M., Del Prato, S., Fagiolini, A., Gorwood, P., Leucht, S., Maggioni, A. P., Mucci, A., Arango, C., University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, University of Siena (University of Siena), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Maria Cecilia Hospital [Cotignola], Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), Martinez Rico, Clara, Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Technische Universität München [München] (TUM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Delphi method, schizophrenia spectrum disorder, antipsychotic cardiometabolic profile, antipsychotics, cardiometabolic risk, monitoring of cardiometabolic risk, prevention, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, smoking cessation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, education, Risk management, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, ddc, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, Cardiovascular Diseases, Life expectancy, Smoking cessation, Position paper, Human medicine, business, Risk assessment, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Research Article, Antipsychotic Agents
Abstract: Background Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) have worse physical health and reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. In 2009, the European Psychiatric Association, the European Society of Cardiology and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes published a position paper aimed to improve cardiovascular and diabetes care in patients with severe mental illnesses. However, the initiative did not produce the expected results. Experts in SSD or in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases convened to identify main issues relevant to management of cardiometabolic risk factors in schizophrenia patients and to seek consensus through the Delphi method. Methods The steering committee identified four topics: 1) cardiometabolic risk factors in schizophrenia patients; 2) cardiometabolic risk factors related to antipsychotic treatment; 3) differences in antipsychotic cardiometabolic profiles; 4) management of cardiometabolic risk. Twelve key statements were included in a Delphi questionnaire delivered to a panel of expert European psychiatrists. Results Consensus was reached for all statements with positive agreement higher than 85% in the first round. European psychiatrists agreed on: 1) high cardiometabolic risk in patients with SSD, 2) importance of correct risk management of cardiometabolic diseases, from lifestyle modification to treatment of risk factors, including the choice of antipsychotic drugs with a favourable cardiometabolic profile. The expert panel identified the psychiatrist as the central coordinating figure of management, possibly assisted by other specialists and general practitioners. Conclusions This study demonstrates high level of agreement among European psychiatrists regarding the importance of cardiovascular risk assessment and management in subjects with SSD.
Published: 2021
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36. Stress-induced amorphization triggers deformation in the lithospheric mantle

Author: Dominique Schryvers, Sanae Koizumi, Caroline Bollinger, Julien Gasc, Alexandre Mussi, Patrick Cordier, Hosni Idrissi, Vahid Samae, Sylvie Demouchy, Electron Microscopy for Materials Science - EMAT (Antwerp, Belgium), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (Bayerisches Geoinstitut), Universität Bayreuth, Earthquake Research Institute [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] (IMMC), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI)JP18K03799, European Commission, Region Hauts-de-FranceRegion Ile-de-France, ANR-14-CE33-0011,INDIGO,Incorporation et diffusion des gaz rares dans les joints de grain.(2014), European Project: 787198,ERC-2017-ADG,TimeMan(2019), Université de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 [UMET], Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics [Bayerisches Geoinstitut], Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] [IMMC], Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Shear amorphization, Multidisciplinary, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Olivine, Lithosphere Asthenosphere Boundary, Mechanics, Plasticity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Deformation mechanism, Asthenosphere, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Grain boundary, Grain boundary sliding, Deformation (engineering), Engineering sciences. Technology, Ductility (Earth science), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Lithosphere-Asthenosphere boundary, Grain Boundary Sliding
Abstract: The mechanical properties of olivine-rich rocks are key to determining the mechanical coupling between Earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere. In crystalline materials, the motion of crystal defects is fundamental to plastic flow(1-4.) However, because the main constituent of olivine-rich rocks does not have enough slip systems, additional deformation mechanisms are needed to satisfy strain conditions. Experimental studies have suggested a non-Newtonian, grain-size-sensitive mechanism in olivine involving grain-boundary sliding(5,6). However, very few microstructural investigations have been conducted on grain-boundary sliding, and there is no consensus on whether a single or multiple physical mechanisms are at play. Most importantly, there are no theoretical frameworks for incorporating the mechanics of grain boundaries in polycrystalline plasticity models. Here we identify a mechanism for deformation at grain boundaries in olivine-rich rocks. We show that, in forsterite, amorphization takes place at grain boundaries under stress and that the onset of ductility of olivine-rich rocks is due to the activation of grain-boundary mobility in these amorphous layers. This mechanism could trigger plastic processes in the deep Earth, where high-stress conditions are encountered (for example, at the brittle-plastic transition). Our proposed mechanism is especially relevant at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary, where olivine reaches the glass transition temperature, triggering a decrease in its viscosity and thus promoting grain-boundary sliding.
Published: 2021
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37. Cost-effectiveness of peer-delivered HIV self-tests for MSM in Uganda

Author: Oucul Lazarus, Rachel King, Andrew Mujugira, Lung Vu, Barbara Castelnuovo, Sam Kalibala, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden, Perez Nicholas Ochanda, Yvonne Kamara, Stephen Okoboi, BONIZEC, Sandrine, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda, Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Global Health Institute, Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda., The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda., Population Council, Washington, DC, United States, Department of Global Health, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Etablissement français du don du sang [Montpellier]
Subjects: Male, Marginal cost, HIV Positivity, Cost effectiveness, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cost-Benefit Analysis, Population, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Pilot Projects, 030312 virology, medicine.disease_cause, Sexual and Gender Minorities, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Intervention (counseling), Environmental health, medicine, Humans, Uganda, MSM, 030212 general & internal medicine, Homosexuality, Male, education, cost-effectiveness, Africa South of the Sahara, health care economics and organizations, Original Research, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, HIV, virus diseases, lcsh:RA1-1270, medicine.disease, peers, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Public Health, Human medicine, business, self-testing
Abstract: Introduction: Distribution of HIV self-testing (HIVST) kits through MSM peer networks is a novel and effective strategy to increase HIV testing coverage in this high-risk population. No study has evaluated the cost or cost effectiveness of peer distribution of HIVST strategies among MSM in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: From June to August 2018, we conducted a pilot study of secondary MSM peer HIVST kit distribution at The AIDS Support Organization at Entebbe and Masaka. We used an ingredients approach to estimate the cost of MSM peer HIVST kit distribution relative to standard-of-care (SOC) hotspot testing using programme expenditure data reported in US dollars. The provider perspective was used to estimate incremental cost-effective ratios per HIV infection averted using the difference in HIV annual transmission rates between MSM with HIV who knew their status and were not virologically suppressed and MSM with HIV who did not know their status.Results: We enrolled 297 participants of whom 150 received MSM peer HIVST kit distribution (intervention group) and 147 received TASO standard of care HIV testing (control group). Provider cost for the intervention was $2,276 compared with $1,827 for SOC during the 3-month study period. Overall, the intervention resulted in higher HIV positivity yield (4.9 vs. 1.4%) and averted more HIV infections per quarter (0.364 vs. 0.104) compared with SOC. The cost per person tested was higher for the intervention compared to SOC ($15.90 vs. $12.40). Importantly, the cost per new HIV diagnosis ($325 vs. $914) and cost per transmission averted ($6,253 vs. $ 17,567) were lower for the intervention approach relative to SOC. The incremental cost per HIV transmission averted by the self-testing program was $1,727. The incremental cost to providers per additional HIV-positive person identified by the intervention was $147.30.Conclusion: The intervention strategy was cost-effective, and identified more undiagnosed HIV infections than SOC hotspot testing at a cost-effectiveness threshold of US $2,129. Secondary distribution of HIVST kits through peers should further be evaluated with longer duration aimed at diagnosing 95% of all persons with HIV by 2030; the first UNAIDS 95-95-95 target.
Published: 2021
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38. First description of Nodding Syndrome in the Central African Republic

Author: Metanmo, Salvatore, Boumédiène, Farid, Preux, Pierre-Marie, Colebunders, Robert, Siewe Fodjo, Joseph, de Smet, Eric, Yangatimbi, Emmanuel, Winkler, Andrea, Mbelesso, Pascal, Ajzenberg, Daniel, Grelier, Elisabeth, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] (SIME), CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale, Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences [Anvers, Belgique], Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bangui, Université de Bangui, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Service de Parasitologie Mycologie [CHU Limoges], Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], and Technische Universität München [München] (TUM)
Subjects: Nematoda, Physiology, RC955-962, Social Sciences, Onchocerciasis, Global Health, Geographical Locations, Medical Conditions, Sociology, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public and Occupational Health, Uganda, Child, Cognitive Impairment, Clinical Neurophysiology, Brain Mapping, Schools, Cognitive Neurology, Eukaryota, Electroencephalography, Central African Republic, Electrophysiology, Bioassays and Physiological Analysis, Neurology, Brain Electrophysiology, Helminth Infections, Female, Onchocerca, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Adolescent, Imaging Techniques, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurophysiology, Neuroimaging, Research and Analysis Methods, Nodding Syndrome, Education, Helminths, Parasitic Diseases, Humans, Animals, Epilepsy, Electrophysiological Techniques, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Tropical Diseases, Invertebrates, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Onchocerca Volvulus, People and Places, Africa, Cognitive Science, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Human medicine, Clinical Medicine, Zoology, Neuroscience
Abstract: Background The term Nodding Syndrome (NS) refers to an atypical and severe form of childhood epilepsy characterized by a repetitive head nodding (HN). The disease has been for a long time limited to East Africa, and the cause is still unknown. The objective of this study was to confirm the existence of NS cases in Central African Republic (CAR). Methodology/Principal findings This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in the general population. The identification of NS cases was conducted through a door-to-door survey in a village near Bangui along the Ubangui River. Based on Winkler’s 2008 and the World Health Organization (WHO)’s 2012 classifications, the confirmation of cases was done by a neurologist who also performed the electroencephalograms. No laboratory tests were done during this investigation. Treatment was offered to all patients. A total of 6,175 individuals was surveyed in 799 households. After reviewing the cases, we identified 5 NS cases in girls aged between 8 and 16. The age of onset of the seizures was between 5 and 12 years of age. Two cases were classified as "HN plus" according to Winkler’s 2008 classification. Four NS cases were classified as probable and one as confirmed according to the WHO’s 2012 classification. Three of them presented with developmental delay and cognitive decline, and one had an abnormally low height-for-age z-score. Electroencephalographic abnormalities were found in four patients. Conclusions/Significance Nodding Syndrome cases were described in CAR for the first time. Despite certain peculiarities, these cases are similar to those described elsewhere. Given that only a small part of the affected area was investigated, the study area along the Ubangui River needs to be expanded in order to investigate the association between Onchocerca volvulus and NS and also evaluate the real burden of NS in CAR., Author summary Nodding Syndrome (NS) is a form of severe epilepsy that affects children in Africa. Thousands of children have been affected since its first description 60 years ago in East Africa, particularly Tanzania, South Sudan, and Uganda. Its evolution is marked by the appearance of many serious complications such as stunting, wasting, delayed sexual development, and psychiatric illness that can lead to death in some cases. Both the future of the affected children and the present of the adults in charge of them are hampered by an intolerable level of social and economic harm. Here, we describe new cases of NS that emerged in a context of extreme poverty in the Central African Republic (CAR). Because the area at risk of NS was partially investigated in this study, we urge to carry out a larger-scale study in order to assess the real burden of NS in CAR and draw the attention of public authorities.
Published: 2020
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39. Once upon a time in the south: local drivers of plant invasion in the harsh sub-Antarctic islands

Author: Bazzichetto, M., Massol, F., Carboni, M., Lenoir, J., Lembrechts, J.J., Joly, R., Renault, D, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Roma Tre University, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], and Massol, François
Subjects: [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, [SDV.BID] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity
Abstract: Aim: To investigate the local effect of environmental and human-related factors on alien plant invasion in sub-Antarctic islands. To explore the relationship between alien species features and dependence on anthropogenic propagule pressure to unravel key traits conferring invasiveness in the sub-Antarctic.Location: Possession Island, Crozet archipelago (French sub-Antarctic islands).Taxon: Non-native vascular plants (Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Juncaceae).Methods: Single-species distribution models were used to explore the effect of high-resolution topoclimatic and human-related variables on the occurrence of six of the most aggressive alien plants colonizing French sub-Antarctic islands. Furthermore, the interaction between alien species traits and their response to anthropogenic propagule pressure was analysed by means of a multi-species distribution model. This allowed identifying the features of species that were associated to low dependence on human-assisted introductions, and were thus potentially more invasive.Results: We observed two main invasion patterns: low-spread species strongly dependent on anthropogenic propagule pressure and high-spread species limited mainly by harsh climatic conditions. Differences in invasiveness across species mostly related to their residence time, life history and plant height, with older introductions, perennial and low-stature species being most invasive.Main conclusions: The availability of high-resolution data allowed for a fine understanding of the role of environmental and human-related factors in driving alien species distribution on sub-Antarctic islands. At the same time, the identification of alien species features conferring invasiveness may help anticipating future problematic invasions.
Published: 2020

40. Les grands traits de l'évolution du français

Author: Cazal, Yvonne, Combettes, Bernard, De Mulder, Walter, Marchello-Nizia, Christiane, Parussa, Gabriella, Prévost, Sophie, Scheer, Tobias, Ségéral, Philippe, Siouffi, Gilles, Winter-Froemel, Esme, Centre de recherche inter-langues sur la signification en contexte (CRISCO), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française (ATILF), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Interactions, Corpus, Apprentissages, Représentations (ICAR), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CLESTHIA - Langage, systèmes, discours - EA 7345 (CLESTHIA), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Lattice - Langues, Textes, Traitements informatiques, Cognition - UMR 8094 (Lattice), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Département Littératures et langage - ENS Paris (LILA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), BCL, équipe Langage et Cognition, Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 7320 - UCA / CNRS) (BCL), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF UMR7110), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Würzburg, Christiane Marchello-Nizia, Bernard Combettes, Sophie Prévost, Tobias Scheer, Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Littératures et langage (LILA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), and Département Littératures et langage - ENS Paris (LILA)
Subjects: [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: Edited by: Christiane Marchello-Nizia, Bernard Combettes, Sophie Prévost, and Tobias ScheerAutre titre : Great Historical Grammar of French. - 2 vol. ([XCVI]-2185 p.).Édition numérique : ISBN 978-3-11-034819-4.; International audience; Les chapitres introductifs (Introduction, Partie 1 et Partie 2), ainsi que, dans la suite de l'ouvrage, les introductions aux différentes parties, ont dessiné la cadre général précisant la finalité, les options et les choix qui ont présidé à l'entreprise de la Grande Grammaire Historique du Français (GGHF).En conclusion, le présent chapitre récapitule les acquis de chacune des parties sur les faits d'évolution essentiels qui y sont mis en évidence, afin de construire une vue synthétique des états successifs de la langue française, de ses origines au français contemporain.
Published: 2020
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41. Temporal Evolution of Diatoms in a Temporary Pond Situated in the Massif du Sancy Mountains (Massif Central, France) and Description of a New Pinnularia Species

Author: Aude Beauger, Luc Ector, Carlos E. Wetzel, Olivier Voldoire, Elisabeth Allain, Bart Van de Vijver, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pinnularia, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Floristics, Genus, epipelic and epiphytic diatoms, Spring (hydrology), Ecosystem, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Abiotic component, new species, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ecological Modeling, Massif, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, mountain habitat, biology.organism_classification, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), diatom communities, Period (geology), temporary pond, Geology
Abstract: A floristic survey was performed on a temporary pond, &ldquo, Laqui du Seignavoux&rdquo, situated in the Mont-Dore massif of the French Massif Central, between 2017 and 2019. Except in 2017, each year, we performed four sampling campaigns from April/May to December. Water samples and diatoms were collected. The temporary pond evolved from a poorly mineralized ecosystem due to snow, inducing oligotrophic and oligosaprobic water, well oxygenated in spring, to a more mineralized, less oxygenated, eutrophic&ndash, hypereutrophic, and polysaprobic environment in summer. This change in abiotic conditions was found to be linked to the presence of cattle, beginning in May, that trample and excrete in the pond, leading to higher ammonium and nitrate concentrations. During this period, the dominant species were Pinnularia sp., Nitzschia palea, and Nitzschia palea var. tenuirostris. In spring and winter, different species of Eunotia dominated the community such as Eunotia pseudogroenlandica. Finally, light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations on a new species of the genus Pinnularia from the temporary pond are presented and the ecological preferences are discussed.
Published: 2020
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42. Antibiotics versus no therapy in kidney transplant recipients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (BiRT): a pragmatic, multicentre, randomized, controlled trial

Author: Julien Coussement, Nassim Kamar, Marie Matignon, Laurent Weekers, Anne Scemla, Magali Giral, Judith Racapé, Éric Alamartine, Laurent Mesnard, Mireille Kianda, Lidia Ghisdal, Concetta Catalano, Emine N. Broeders, Olivier Denis, Karl M. Wissing, Marc Hazzan, Daniel Abramowicz, Audrey Beq, Tatiana Besse-Hammer, Marie-Noëlle Blondel-Halley, Arnaud Borsu, Vianney Charpy, Lionel Couzi, Frédéric Debelle, Arnaud del Bello, Marie de Solere, Sara Frade, Luc Frimat, Philippe Grimbert, Pierrick Guerif, Rachel Hellemans, Bénédicte Hodemon-Corne, Jean-Michel Hougardy, Alain Le Moine, Nicole Lietaer, Olivier Lortholary, Kirsty Loudon, Annick Massart, Els Meersman, Thavarak Ouk, Lissa Pipeleers, Sandrine Roisin, Sarah Tollot, Sabine Verhofstede, Martin Wojcik, Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Molecular virology and immunology – Physiopathology and therapeutic of chronic viral hepatitis (Team 18) (Inserm U955), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de transplantation urologie-néphrologie (ITUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Ecole de Santé Publique [Université Libre de Bruxelles], Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann [Bruxelles] (CHU), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation - U 1286 (INFINITE (Ex-Liric)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Hôpital de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Urgences néphrologiques et transplantation rénale [CHU Tenon], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Pathologie infectieuse, Clinical sciences, Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Service d'Urgences néphrologiques et transplantation rénale [CHU Tenon], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Antibiotics, urologic and male genital diseases, law.invention, Kidney transplantation, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Interquartile range, law, Essais, contrôle médicaments, 030212 general & internal medicine, Urinary tract infection, Néphrologie - urologie, Pyelonephritis, Incidence (epidemiology), Hazard ratio, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, surgical procedures, operative, Infectious Diseases, Nephrology, Female, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Bacteriuria, medicine.drug_class, Urinary system, 030106 microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Biology, Aged, Urinary tract, business.industry, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, Transplantation d'organes, Transplant Recipients, Human medicine, business, Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Abstract: Many transplant physicians screen for and treat asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) during post-kidney-transplant surveillance. We investigated whether antibiotics are effective in reducing the occurrence of symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in kidney transplant recipients with ASB., info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020
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43. A complementary note on soft errors in the Conjugate Gradient method: the persistent error case

Author: Agullo, Emmanuel, Cools, Siegfried, Fatih-Yetkin, Emrullah, Giraud, Luc, Schenkels, Nick, Vanroose, Wim, High-End Parallel Algorithms for Challenging Numerical Simulations (HiePACS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Kadir Has University (KHAS), Inria Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, Plafrim - GENCI, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: Sensibilité, Gradient Conjugué, Sensitivity, Exascale, Robustesse, Détection numérique, Soft-erreur, Numerical detection, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Robustness, Soft-error, Conjugate Gradient method, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Bit-flip
Abstract: This note is a follow up study to [1], where we studied the resilience of the preconditioned conjugate gradient method (PCG). We complement the original work by performinga similar series of numerical experiments, but using what we called persistent instead of transient bit-flips.; Cette note est une étude qui fait suite à [1], où nous avons étudié la résilience de la méthode du gradient conjugué préconditionné (PCG). Nous complétons le travail initial en effectuant une série similaire d’expériences numériques, mais en utilisant ce que nous avons appelé des bit-flips persistants au lieu de transitoires.
Published: 2020

44. Intracellular Fate of Hydrophobic Nanocrystal Self‐Assemblies in Tumor Cells

Author: Marie-Paule Pileni, Per M. Claesson, Florence Gazeau, Alba Nicolas-Boluda, Naomi Winckelmans, Sara Bals, Christine Péchoux, Zhijie Yang, Pierre Bonville, Florent Carn, Illia Dobryden, Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC (UMR_7057)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Shandong University, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Université Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sorbonne Université (SU), Institute thematique multi-organismes (ITMO) Cancer, doctoral school Frontieres du Vivant (FdV)-Programme Bettencourt, Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], and AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Materials science, nanobiointeractions, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], magnetic manipulation, Tumor cells, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biomaterials, intracellular fate, Electrochemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, self assemblies of nanocrystals, Physics, artificial colloidal crystals, Intracellular fate, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, nanocrystal self-assembly, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Chemistry, Nanocrystal, Biophysics, 0210 nano-technology, Engineering sciences. Technology, nano-biointeractions, Magnetic manipulation
Abstract: International audience; Control of interactions between nanomaterials and cells remains a biomedical challenge. A strategy is proposed to modulate the intralysosomal distribution of nanoparticles through the design of 3D suprastructures built by hydrophilic nanocrystals (NCs) coated with alkyl chains. The intracellular fate of two water‐dispersible architectures of self‐assembled hydrophobic magnetic NCs: hollow deformable shells (colloidosomes) or solid fcc particles (supraballs) is compared. These two self‐assemblies display increased cellular uptake by tumor cells compared to dispersions of the water‐soluble NC building blocks. Moreover, the self‐assembly structures increase the NCs density in lysosomes and close to the lysosome membrane. Importantly, the structural organization of NCs in colloidosomes and supraballs are maintained in lysosomes up to 8 days after internalization, whereas initially dispersed hydrophilic NCs are randomly aggregated. Supraballs and colloidosomes are differently sensed by cells due to their different architectures and mechanical properties. Flexible and soft colloidosomes deform and spread along the biological membranes. In contrast, the more rigid supraballs remain spherical. By subjecting the internalized suprastructures to a magnetic field, they both align and form long chains. Overall, it is highlighted that the mechanical and topological properties of the self‐assemblies direct their intracellular fate allowing the control intralysosomal density, ordering, and localization of NCs.
Published: 2020
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45. Case Report: Dynamics of Acquired Fluoroquinolone Resistance under Standardized Short-Course Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Author: Armand Van Deun, Bertin Ushizimpumu, Wim Mulders, Patrick Migambi, Leen Rigouts, Philip Supply, Jean Claude Semuto Ngabonziza, Bouke C. de Jong, Théogène Dusabe, Tom Decroo, Esdras Belamo Niyigena, Yves Mucyo Habimana, Dissou Affolabi, Rwanda Biomedical Center (RBC), Institute of Tropical Medicine [Antwerp] (ITM), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Kabutare Hospital [Huye, Rwanda], Research Foundation - Flanders [Brussel] (FWO), Laboratoire de Référence des Mycobactéries [Cotonou, Benin], Hôpital Centre LAZARET [Cotonou, Bénin], Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), This publication is based on findings produced inthe context of the DIAMA study, which is part of the EDCTP2 program supported by the European Union (Grant number DRIA2014-326—DIAMA) and the Belgian Directorate General for Development Cooperation (PhD fellowship to JCSN). P. S. reports personal fees from GenoScreen during the conduct of the study., Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Moxifloxacin, 030231 tropical medicine, Antitubercular Agents, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Drug resistance, Clofazimine, Gatifloxacin, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Kanamycin, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Virology, Internal medicine, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Humans, Medicine, business.industry, Rwanda, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Articles, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Fluoroquinolone resistance, 3. Good health, Multiple drug resistance, Infectious Diseases, Genes, Bacterial, Female, Parasitology, Human medicine, business, Fluoroquinolones, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; We report a case of acquired fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance under short-course multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. The patient was managed at Kabutare hospital, one of the two specialized MDR-TB clinics in Rwanda. A low dose of moxifloxacin was used in the first three critical months. Acquired resistance was identified at the ninth month of treatment, 3 months after stopping kanamycin in a strain initially susceptible only to FQs, kanamycin, and clofazimine. Fluoroquinolone resistance was detected in the same month by deep sequencing as routinely used second-line line probe assay and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing. High-dose FQ, preferably gatifloxacin, should be used to maximize effectiveness.
Published: 2020
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46. Deep amplicon sequencing for culture-free prediction of susceptibility or resistance to 13 anti-tuberculous drugs

Author: Cyril Gaudin, Stefan Niemann, Alice Ferré, Stéphanie Duthoy, Vanessa Mathys, Yannick Laurent, Emmanuel André, Elisa Tagliani, Bouke C. de Jong, Philip Supply, Andrea M. Cabibbe, Silke Feuerriegel, Caroline Allix-Béguec, Nelly Badalato, Sandy Contreras, Michel K. Kaswa, Leen Rigouts, Agathe Jouet, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Maren Diels, Institute of Tropical Medicine [Antwerp] (ITM), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscreen [Lille], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Forschungszentrum Borstel - Research Center Borstel, German Centre for Infection Research - partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems (DZIF), National Tuberculosis Program [Kinshasa], IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele [Milan, Italy], Maladies bactériennes = Bacterial diseases [Bruxelles], Sciensano [Bruxelles], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Parts of this work have been supported by the European Union PathoNGen-Trace project (FP7-278864) and by the World Health Organization (for the TB drug resistance survey conducted in the Democratic Republic of the Congo). B.C. de Jong and L. Rigouts were supported by European Research Council starting grant 'INTERRUPTB' (grant agreement 311725)., European Project: 278864,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage,PATHONGEN-TRACE(2012), European Project: 311725,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111109,INTERRUPTB(2013), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL], Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Noel, Anne-Laure, Next Generation Genome Based High Resolution Tracing of Pathogens - PATHONGEN-TRACE - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2012-01-01 - 2016-06-30 - 278864 - VALID, and Estimating the effective reproductive rate of M. tuberculosis from changes in molecular clustering rates, to measure the impact of public health interventions on TB transmission - INTERRUPTB - - EC:FP7:ERC2013-01-01 - 2017-12-31 - 311725 - VALID
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, 030106 microbiology, Respiratory System, Antitubercular Agents, Drug resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Deep sequencing, Mycobacterium, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, medicine, Humans, Tuberculosis, Deeplex Myc-TB may enable fast, Ethambutol, Genetics, Whole genome sequencing, Science & Technology, biology, business.industry, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Original Articles, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pyrazinamide, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Pulmonary Infections and Tuberculosis, Mutation, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Ethionamide, tailored tuberculosis treatment, Human medicine, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Rifampicin, medicine.drug
Abstract: Conventional molecular tests for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) drug resistance on clinical samples cover a limited set of mutations. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) typically requires culture. Here, we evaluated the Deeplex Myc-TB targeted deep-sequencing assay for prediction of resistance to 13 anti-tuberculous drugs/drug classes, directly applicable on sputum. With MTBC DNA tests, the limit of detection was 100–1000 genome copies for fixed resistance mutations. Deeplex Myc-TB captured in silico 97.1–99.3% of resistance phenotypes correctly predicted by WGS from 3651 MTBC genomes. On 429 isolates, the assay predicted 92.2% of 2369 first- and second-line phenotypes, with a sensitivity of 95.3% and a specificity of 97.4%. 56 out of 69 (81.2%) residual discrepancies with phenotypic results involved pyrazinamide, ethambutol and ethionamide, and low-level rifampicin or isoniazid resistance mutations, all notoriously prone to phenotypic testing variability. Only two out of 91 (2.2%) resistance phenotypes undetected by Deeplex Myc-TB had known resistance-associated mutations by WGS analysis outside Deeplex Myc-TB targets. Phenotype predictions from Deeplex Myc-TB analysis directly on 109 sputa from a Djibouti survey matched those of MTBSeq/PhyResSE/Mykrobe, fed with WGS data from subsequent cultures, with a sensitivity of 93.5/98.5/93.1% and a specificity of 98.5/97.2/95.3%, respectively. Most residual discordances involved gene deletions/indels and 3–12% heteroresistant calls undetected by WGS analysis or natural pyrazinamide resistance of globally rare “Mycobacterium canettii” strains then unreported by Deeplex Myc-TB. On 1494 arduous sputa from a Democratic Republic of the Congo survey, 14 902 out of 19 422 (76.7%) possible susceptible or resistance phenotypes could be predicted culture-free. Deeplex Myc-TB may enable fast, tailored tuberculosis treatment., The novel Deeplex Myc-TB molecular assay shows a high degree of accuracy for extensive prediction of susceptibility and resistance to 13 anti-tuberculous drugs, directly achievable without culture, which may enable fast, tailored tuberculosis treatment https://bit.ly/3bAvcAt
Published: 2020
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47. On soft errors in the Conjugate Gradient method: sensitivity and robust numerical detection -revised

Author: Agullo, Emmanuel, Cools, Siegfried, Fatih-Yetkin, Emrullah, Giraud, Luc, Schenkels, Nick, Vanroose, Wim, High-End Parallel Algorithms for Challenging Numerical Simulations (HiePACS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Kadir Has University (KHAS), This work has been funded by the EXA2CT European Project on Exascale Algorithms and Advanced Computational Techniques, which receives funding from the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 610741. Experiments presented in this paper were carried out using the PlaFRIM experimental testbed, supported by Inria, CNRS(LABRI and IMB), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP and Conseil Régional d’Aquitaine(see https://www.plafrim.fr/). Siegfried Cools acknowledges funding by the Research FoundationFlanders (FWO) under grand number 12H4617N., Inria Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, Plafrim - GENCI, European Project: 610741,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2013-10,EXA2CT(2013), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest
Subjects: Sensibilité, Gradient Conjugué, Exascale, Sensitivity, Robustesse, Détection numérique, Soft-erreur, Numerical detection, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Robustness, Soft-error, Conjugate Gradient method, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Bit-flip
Abstract: The conjugate gradient (CG) method is the most widely used iterative scheme forthe solution of large sparse systems of linear equations when the matrix is symmetric positivedefinite. Although more than sixty year old, it is still a serious candidate for extreme-scalecomputation on large computing platforms. On the technological side, the continuous shrinkingof transistor geometry and the increasing complexity of these devices affect dramatically theirsensitivity to natural radiation, and thus diminish their reliability. One of the most common effectsproduced by natural radiation is the single event upset which consists in a bit-flip in a memory cellproducing unexpected results at application level. Consequently, the future computing facilitiesat extreme scale might be more prone to errors of any kind including bit-flip during calculation.These numerical and technological observations are the main motivations for this work, where wefirst investigate through extensive numerical experiments the sensitivity of CG to bit-flips in itsmain computationally intensive kernels, namely the matrix-vector product and the preconditionerapplication. We further propose numerical criteria to detect the occurrence of such soft errors; weassess their robustness through extensive numerical experiments.; La méthode du gradient conjugue (CG) est la méthode itérative la plus utilisée pour résoudre des systèmes linéaires creux de grande taille lorsque la matrice est symétrique définie positive. Bien que vieille de de soixante ans, cette méthode reste une candidate sérieuse pour être mise en œuvre pour la résolution de très grands systèmes linéaires sur des plateformes de calcul de très grande taille. Sur le plan technologique, la réduction permanente de la taille et la complexité croissante des composantes électroniques de ces calculateurs affecte dramatiquement leur sensibilité aux radiations cosmiques ce qui réduit leur fiabilité. L’un des effets les plus courants des rayonnements naturels est la perturbation due à un événement unique qui consiste en un retournement de bit dans une cellule mémoire produisant des résultats inattendus au niveau de l’application. Par conséquent, les futures installations informatiques à très grande échelle pourraient être plus sujettes à des erreurs de toute sorte. y compris le basculement de bit pendant le calcul. Ces observations numériques et technologiques sont les suivantes les principales motivations de ce travail, pour lequel nous étudions d’abord par le biais d’études approfondies et approfondies la sensibilité de la CG aux sauts de bits dans ses principaux domaines d’application.à forte intensité de calcul, à savoir le produit matrice-vecteur et le produit application du préconditionneur. Nous proposons en outre des critères numériques pour détecter l’apparition de tels défauts ; nous évaluons leur robustesse à travers des expériences numériques approfondies.
Published: 2020

48. In Situ Quantitative Tensile Testing of Antigorite in a Transmission Electron Microscope

Author: Idrissi, Hosni, Samaee, Vahid, Lumbeeck, Gunnar, Werf, Thomas, Pardoen, Thomas, Schryvers, Dominique, Cordier, Patrick, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] (IMMC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Electron Microscopy for Materials Science - EMAT (Antwerp, Belgium), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), European Project: 787198,ERC-2017-ADG,TimeMan(2019), UCL - SST/IMMC/IMAP - Materials and process engineering, University of Antwerp - Electron Microscopyfor Materials Science, Univ. Lille - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Institut Universitaire de France - n/a, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Université de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering [Louvain] [IMMC], and Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 [UMET]
Subjects: Plasticity, Diffusion, and Creep, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Physics, Creep and Deformation, Mineral Physics, In situ, [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Chemistry, nanomechanical testing, transmission electron microscopy, grain boundary sliding, Defects, rheology, antigorite, Elasticity and Anelasticity, Instruments and Techniques, Plastic deformation, Tensile test, Physical Properties of Rocks, Chemistry and Physics of Minerals and Rocks/Volcanology, Research Articles, Research Article, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract: The determination of the mechanical properties of serpentinites is essential toward the understanding of the mechanics of faulting and subduction. Here we present the first in situ tensile tests on antigorite in a transmission electron microscope. A push‐to‐pull deformation device is used to perform quantitative tensile tests, during which force and displacement are measured, while the evolving microstructure is imaged with the microscope. The experiments have been performed at room temperature on 2 × 1 × 0.2 μm3 beams prepared by focused ion beam. The specimens are not single crystals despite their small sizes. Orientation mapping indicated that several grains were well oriented for plastic slip. However, no dislocation activity has been observed even though the engineering tensile stress went up to 700 MPa. We show also that antigorite does not exhibit a purely elastic‐brittle behavior since, despite the presence of defects, the specimens accumulate permanent deformation and did not fail within the elastic regime. Instead, we observe that strain localizes at grain boundaries. All observations concur to show that under these experimental conditions, grain boundary sliding is the dominant deformation mechanism. This study sheds a new light on the mechanical properties of antigorite and calls for further studies on the structure and properties of grain boundaries in antigorite and more generally in phyllosilicates., Key Points No dislocation activity has been observed although tensile stress reached 700 MPaThe behavior of antigorite is not purely elastic‐brittle despite the presence of defects in the specimens (pores and damage)The main deformation mechanism is by grain boundary sliding
Published: 2020
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49. Are the Gas Prices Oracle Reliable? A Case Study using the EthGasStation

Author: Henrique Rocha, Stéphane Ducasse, Giuseppe Antonio Pierro, Roberto Tonelli, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Analyses and Languages Constructs for Object-Oriented Application Evolution (RMOD), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa), and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]
Subjects: Computer. Automation, [INFO.INFO-PL]Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], Database, Distributed database, Computer science, Margin of error, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Interval (mathematics), computer.software_genre, Gas price categories, Oracle, Set (abstract data type), Ethereum, Time frame, Gas, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, transaction fees, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, User needs, Database transaction, computer
Abstract: International audience; The Ethereum Blockchain is a distributed database that records all transactions and smart-contracts created on the platform. In Ethereum blockchain, the user needs to set a Gas price to get a transaction recorded. To have the transaction recorded, the Gas price has to be greater than or equal to the lowest Ethereum transaction fees. To help the users and smart contracts to set the right Gas price, the Gas Oracle categorizes the gas price into categories based on the interval of time the user might be willing to wait and for each of them suggests a gas price to set. The paper aims to verify the hypothesis that the predictions made by the EtherGasStation Oracle have a margin of error greater than the margin of error declared by it (2%). We collected data in two-months time from the EthGasStation Oracle which predict the Gas Price every time that 100 blocks are added to the Ethereum Blockchain. In the same time frame, two-months, we also collected over 10 million transactions from a Transaction Pool. By cross-checking the data collected by the Transaction Pool and the Gas Oracle, the study revealed that the Gas Oracle fails more often than it advertises.
Published: 2020

50. Interfacial Oxidation and Photoluminescence of InP-Based Core/Shell Quantum Dots

Author: Edwin A. Baquero, Dorian Dupont, Valeriia Grigel, Sara Bals, Céline Nayral, Fabien Delpech, Mickael D. Tessier, Zeger Hens, Eva Bladt, Yannick Coppel, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), SIM vzw, Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Electron Microscopy for Materials Science - EMAT (Antwerp, Belgium), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Photoluminescence, General Chemical Engineering, Shell (structure), Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials Chemistry, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, business.industry, Physics, Heterojunction, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Core (optical fiber), Chemistry, chemistry, Quantum dot, Indium phosphide, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, business
Abstract: International audience; Indium phosphide colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are emerging as an efficient cadmium-free alternative for optoelectronic applications. Recently, syntheses based on easy-to-implement aminophosphine precursors have been developed. We show by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy that this new approach allows oxide-free indium phosphide core or core/shell quantum dots to be made. Importantly, the oxide-free core/shell interface does not help in achieving higher luminescence efficiencies. We demonstrate that in the case of InP/ZnS and InP/ZnSe QDs, a more pronounced oxidation concurs with a higher photoluminescence efficiency. This study suggests that a II–VI shell on a III–V core generates an interface prone to defects. The most efficient InP/ZnS or InP/ZnSe QDs are therefore made with an oxide buffer layer between the core and the shell: it passivates these interface defects but also results in a somewhat broader emission line width.
Published: 2018
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