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1,162 results on '"Université du Québec en Outaouais"'

1. Frequency dependent resistance calculation of a system of rectangular conductors considering skin, proximity, and edge effects

Author: Ziomek, Waldemar (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Maghoul, Pooneh (Civil Engineering), Taheri, Shamsodin (Université du Québec en Outaouais), Kordi, Behzad, Gole, Aniruddha, Tabei, Barzan, Ziomek, Waldemar (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Maghoul, Pooneh (Civil Engineering), Taheri, Shamsodin (Université du Québec en Outaouais), Kordi, Behzad, Gole, Aniruddha, and Tabei, Barzan
Abstract: Transients, such as lightning, switching, or faults with a broad frequency spectrum, can lead to overvoltage in electrical equipment and cause insulation failure. To avoid such problems, it is required to design insulation properly that necessitates an exact wide-band frequency model of electrical equipment. Accurate calculation of ac resistance has an essential impact on modeling loss (or damping) in transient simulations. This thesis aims at providing an understanding of resistive loss calculation and simulation of rectangular conductors used in the power system industry. For this purpose, the skin effect of a single conductor is studied. A quasi-analytical approach is introduced for ac resistance calculation of isolated rectangular conductors based on a two-dimensional analytical approach and finite element simulations. When it comes to a system of conductors close to each other, the proximity effect needs to be considered, in addition to the skin effect. The proposed quasi-analytical approach is only valid for single conductors and cannot be used for proximity effect calculations. Due to the skin and proximity effects, very fine mesh size is required at higher frequencies, leading to computational complexities. Therefore, a new computational approach, known as the proper generalized decomposition (PGD), is employed for the skin and proximity effect calculations of rectangular conductors. The PGD decomposes a higher-order system, such as a 2D system, to lower-order ones, such as 1D vectors. Vectors need less computational resources than higher-order matrices. Moreover, an adaptive frequency-dependent meshing technique is added to the PGD approach to solve skin and proximity effect problems. This adaptive meshing technique along with the PGD approach leads to accurate and fast computation. Some applications are electromagnetic transient analysis of electrical equipment such as cables and windings, interpreting frequency response analysis of machines windings, part
Published: 2024

2. Agrarian extractivism and land struggles in Guayas province, Ecuador: a feminist political ecology analysis

Author: Li, Fabiana (Anthropology), Thorpe, Jocelyn (Women's and Gender Studies), Levy, Charmain (Université du Québec en Outaouais), Davidson-Hunt, Iain, Desmarais, Annette, Landivar, Natalia, Li, Fabiana (Anthropology), Thorpe, Jocelyn (Women's and Gender Studies), Levy, Charmain (Université du Québec en Outaouais), Davidson-Hunt, Iain, Desmarais, Annette, and Landivar, Natalia
Abstract: Consistent with the constitutional principle of Buen Vivir, the Ecuadorian state implemented the redistributive program Plan Tierras in October 2009. Plan Tierras promoted the creation of relatively more gender-equal peasant associations through which beneficiaries also became linked to PAIS Alliance’s new extractivist development approach. This thesis provides a gender-based study on how the social, economic and ecological transformations triggered by the PAIS Alliance agricultural model enters into conflict with the rights of peasants to maintain their land and live in a healthy environment. I focus on peasant associations that bought the seized rural estates, Hacienda La Indiana and Hacienda Las Mercedes in Guayas province to become sugar cane and rice producers, respectively. The primary methods used were semi-structured interviews with seventy-one research participants, as well as observing participation complemented by literature review, three focus groups, and six follow-up online interviews. This research points to the paradox of a distributive land policy and associative model linked to an extractivist agricultural model. I found that peasant associations are put into oppressive relations with agrarian elites that control the agricultural markets through ever-lower prices for agricultural products and increasing dependency on technological inputs, equipment, and machinery whose prices have been steadily increasing. My findings highlight the differentiated suffering experienced by women as they bear the hidden physical and emotional burden due to the intersection of the oppressive capitalist system and the continuation of hierarchical gendered roles of women in agriculture. Furthermore, I draw out the link between a crisis of social reproduction and the devaluation of the environmental health of the land as relates to the emotional wellbeing of women who sustain social reproduction. Finally, I found that the historic politics of pervasive patronage, along wi
Published: 2022

3. Le potentiel des jardins communautaires pour le développement des collectivités locales : éléments pour l’analyse de l’intervention au Mexique et au Québec

Author: CRISES, Université du Québec en Outaouais. Chaire de recherche du Canada en développement des collectivités, Boulianne, Manon, CRISES, Université du Québec en Outaouais. Chaire de recherche du Canada en développement des collectivités, and Boulianne, Manon
Abstract: Ce texte porte sur le jardinage communautaire. Y sont présentées cinq expériences de jardins ayant cours au Mexique et au Québec. Bien qu'elles se déroulent dans des contextes distincts, elles sont abordées à partir d'une problématique commune, celle de leur contribution potentielle au développement local. Les données proviennent principalement d'observations in situ et d'entrevues réalisées entre juillet et octobre 1998 auprès d'une trentaine d'intervenants et de jardiniers au Québec et au Mexique. Chacune des initiatives présentées est unique; néanmoins, en organisant la description des cas autour de thèmes communs, certains parallèles s'imposent et des conclusions préliminaires se dessinent
Published: 2019

4. L'expérience d'une communauté d'apprentissage professionnelle pour améliorer l'enseignement de l'écriture au primaire en immersion française : un projet de recherche-action

Author: Ewart, Gestny (Éducation, USB) Leclerc, Martine (Université du Québec en Outaouais), Duchesne, Hermann (Éducation, USB), Marchand, Léanne, Ewart, Gestny (Éducation, USB) Leclerc, Martine (Université du Québec en Outaouais), Duchesne, Hermann (Éducation, USB), and Marchand, Léanne
Abstract: Ce projet de recherche-action examine l’expérience d’enseignants participant à une communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle (CAP) afin d’améliorer leur enseignement de l’écriture en classe d’immersion française au primaire. Il s’est agi, d’une part, de déterminer si la participation des enseignants à la CAP leur a fourni un encadrement propice pour un tel développement professionnel et, d’autre part, de décrire les démarches entreprises par les participants pour élaborer un plan d’action et en évaluer les effets sur le rendement et la motivation de leurs élèves. Les résultats confirment ce qui a été observé dans plusieurs recherches antérieures : la CAP a fourni un lieu d’échanges et de collaboration propice au développement professionnel, ce qui, en retour, a affecté de façon positive la motivation, l’engagement et le rendement des élèves. Également, les résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence l’importance de s’assurer que certaines conditions soient en place afin qu’une CAP atteigne et maintienne un haut niveau de fonctionnement.
Published: 2014

5. Le potentiel des jardins communautaires pour le développement des collectivités locales : éléments pour l’analyse de l’intervention au Mexique et au Québec

Author: CRISES, Université du Québec en Outaouais. Chaire de recherche du Canada en développement des collectivités, Boulianne, Manon, CRISES, Université du Québec en Outaouais. Chaire de recherche du Canada en développement des collectivités, and Boulianne, Manon
Abstract: Ce texte porte sur le jardinage communautaire. Y sont présentées cinq expériences de jardins ayant cours au Mexique et au Québec. Bien qu'elles se déroulent dans des contextes distincts, elles sont abordées à partir d'une problématique commune, celle de leur contribution potentielle au développement local. Les données proviennent principalement d'observations in situ et d'entrevues réalisées entre juillet et octobre 1998 auprès d'une trentaine d'intervenants et de jardiniers au Québec et au Mexique. Chacune des initiatives présentées est unique; néanmoins, en organisant la description des cas autour de thèmes communs, certains parallèles s'imposent et des conclusions préliminaires se dessinent
Published: 1999

6. Innovación psicosocial: aplicación de un plan de prevención de la delincuencia juvenil

Author: LeBlanc, Line; Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie- Université du Québec en Outaouais, Robert, Marie; Université du Québec en Outaouais, LeBlanc, Line; Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie- Université du Québec en Outaouais, and Robert, Marie; Université du Québec en Outaouais
Abstract: La innovación en la prevención de la delincuencia juvenil orienta sus acciones hacia el mejoramiento de la calidad de los ambientes sociales. Eso significa que las personas que interactúan en la vida cotidiana con los niños y adolescentes en dificultad en sus medios naturales (familia, escuela, barrio) se transforman en los grupos objetivo para participar en programas preventivos. Este enfoque recibe un sólido fundamento científico, pero su aplicación concreta está a menudo limitada debido a problemas en la difusión de la innovación psicosocial. Podemos fácilmente imaginar los obstáculos que puede haber para establecer un sistema eficaz de comunicación entre los diferentes grupos involucrados (investigadores, tomadores de decisión, agentes de intervención y miembros de la comunidad). Es importante reflexionar sobre este problema ya que la dificultad de difundir las nuevas prácticas en terreno puede poner en riesgo los efectos benéficos esperados. El presente texto tiene por objetivo el proponer un marco integrador orientado a optimizar el paso entre los universos científico, político y práctico apoyándose en la teoría de la difusión de la innovación.

7. Los desafíos de un verdadero sistema de justicia juvenil: una visión psicoeducativa

Author: Dionne, Jacques; Université du Québec en Outaouais, Altamirano, Cristian; Département des techniques d’éducation spécialisée, CEGEP Régional de Lanaudière, Dionne, Jacques; Université du Québec en Outaouais, and Altamirano, Cristian; Département des techniques d’éducation spécialisée, CEGEP Régional de Lanaudière
Abstract: Basándose en la larga experiencia de la provincia de Quebec, Canadá - de seis decenios - y en la literatura científica relativa a las intervenciones de mayor eficacia, los autores analizan desde una perspectiva psicoeducativa los mayores desafíos que enfrentan los sistemas de justicia juvenil cuando se proponen respetar cabalmente los principios básicos de la Convención Internacional de derechos del Niño

8. Want to Gather? No Need to Chatter!

Author: Andrzej Pelc, Sébastien Bouchard, Yoann Dieudonné, DistributEd aLgorithms and sYStems (DELYS), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LIP6, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation, Information et Systèmes - UR UPJV 4290 (MIS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Supported in part by NSERC discovery grant 2018-03899 and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais, and Université de Picardie Jules Verne
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Leader election, Theoretical computer science, General Computer Science, Deterministic algorithm, Computer science, General Mathematics, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Upper and lower bounds, Task (project management), Gossip, Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS), Information exchange, 021103 operations research, Node (networking), Deterministic algorithms, Anonymous mobile agent, Gathering, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, [INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA], A priori and a posteriori, Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
Abstract: International audience; A team of mobile agents, starting from different nodes of an unknown network, possibly at different times, have to meet at the same node and declare that they have all met. Agents have different labels which are positive integers, and move in synchronous rounds along links of the network. The above task is known as gathering and was traditionally considered under the assumption that when some agents are at the same node then they can talk, i.e., exchange currently available information. In this paper we ask the question of whether this ability of talking is needed for gathering. The answer turns out to be no. Our main contribution are two deterministic algorithms that always accomplish gathering in a much weaker model. We only assume that at any time an agent knows how many agents are at the node that it currently occupies but agents do not see the labels of other co-located agents and cannot exchange any information with them. They also do not see other nodes than the current one. Our first algorithm works under the assumption that agents know a priori some upper bound N on the size of the network, and it works in time polynomial in N and in the length of the smallest label. Our second algorithm does not assume any a priori knowledge about the network but its complexity is exponential in the size of the network and in the labels of agents. Its purpose is to show feasibility of gathering under this harsher scenario. As a by-product of our techniques we obtain, in the same weak model, the solution of the fundamental problem of leader election among agents: One agent is elected a leader and all agents learn its identity. As an application of our result we also solve, in the same model, the well-known gossiping problem: if each agent has a message at the beginning, we show how to make all messages known to all agents, even without any a priori knowledge about the network. If agents know an upper bound N on the size of the network then our gossiping algorithm works in time polynomial in N , in the length of the smallest label and in the length of the largest message. This result about gossiping is perhaps our most surprising finding: agents devoid of any transmitting devices can solve the most general information exchange problem, as long as they can count the number of agents present at visited nodes.
Published: 2020
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9. Almost Universal Anonymous Rendezvous in the Plane

Author: Franck Petit, Andrzej Pelc, Yoann Dieudonné, Sébastien Bouchard, DistributEd aLgorithms and sYStems (DELYS), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LIP6, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation, Information et Systèmes - UR UPJV 4290 (MIS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), This work was performed within Project ESTATE (Ref. ANR-16-CE25-0009-03), supported by French state funds managed by the ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche). Andrzej Pelc was partially supported by NSERC discovery grant 2018-03899and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais., ANR-16-CE25-0009,ESTATE,Auto-stabilisation et amélioration de la sûreté dans les environnements distribués évoluant dans le temps(2016), This work was performed within Project ESTATE (Ref. ANR-16-CE25-0009-03), supported by French state funds managed by the ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche). Andrzej Pelc was partially supported by NSERC discovery grant 2018-03899 and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais., and Université de Picardie Jules Verne
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, 021103 operations research, Theoretical computer science, Rendezvous, Deterministic algorithm, Computer science, Existential quantification, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Symmetry breaking, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Linear subspace, Anonymous agent, Set (abstract data type), Orientation (vector space), [INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA], 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Position (vector), Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS), Plane, Rendezvous problem
Abstract: International audience; Two mobile agents represented by points freely moving in the plane and starting at two different positions, have to meet. The meeting, called rendezvous, occurs when agents are at distance at most r of each other and never move after this time, where r is a positive real unknown to them, called the visibility radius. Agents are anonymous and execute the same deterministic algorithm. Each agent has a set of private attributes, some or all of which can differ between agents. These attributes are: the initial position of the agent, its system of coordinates (orientation and chirality), the rate of its clock, its speed when it moves, and the time of its wake-up. If all attributes (except the initial positions) are identical and agents start at distance larger than r then they can never meet, as the distance between them can never change. However, differences between attributes make it sometimes possible to break the symmetry and accomplish rendezvous. Such instances of the rendezvous problem (formalized as lists of attributes), are called feasible.Our contribution is three-fold. We first give an exact characterization of feasible instances. Thus it is natural to ask whether there exists a single algorithm that guarantees rendezvous for all these instances. We give a strong negative answer to this question: we show two sets S1 and S2 of feasible instances such that none of them admits a single rendezvous algorithm valid for all instances of the set. On the other hand, we construct a single algorithm that guarantees rendezvous for all feasible instances outside of sets S1 and S2. We observe that these exception sets S1 and S2 are geometrically very small, compared to the set of all feasible instances: they are included in low-dimension subspaces of the latter. Thus, our rendezvous algorithm handling all feasible instances other than these small sets of exceptions can be justly called almost universal.
Published: 2020
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10. Complex polysemy and reflexivity in organizational research

Author: Harbour, Michelle, Gauthier, Jacques-Bernard, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), and Université du Québec en Outaouais
Subjects: polysemy, reflexivity, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, theorization, Research methods, creativity
Abstract: Although it raises some interest in the field of social sciences, polysemy is often overlooked in organizational science, where research relies on positivist traditions. These traditions continue to influence researchers, regardless of their epistemological or methodological approaches; this in turn has an impact on the way they address polysemic terms. Our objective is to propose an integrative reflexive approach structured around eight topics of reflexion in order to explore how, in an organizational research project, both participants and researchers understand and use complex polysemic terms. By doing so, we bring four major contributions: it first highlights the central position polysemy could occupy in organizational science; secondly, polysemy could bridge and enhance the debate between positivist and interpretivist organizational researchers; thirdly, reflexivity for polysemy has the potential to improve the theorization; and finally, the mutual influence between polysemy and reflexivity could stimulate creativity.
Published: 2020

11. Partitioning genetic and species diversity refines our understanding of species–genetic diversity relationships

Author: Brett Ford, Vera W. Pfeiffer, Johann Housset, Audrey McCombs, José Luis Blanco-Pastor, Stéphanie Manel, Angéline Bertin, Nicolas Gouin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Biology, Florida Museum of Natural History, Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Alcina Forets, Partenaires INRAE, Iowa State University (ISU), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Universidad de La Serena (USERENA), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, genetic outlier, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, media_common.quotation_subject, SNP, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, species–genetic diversity correlation, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic variation, high Andean wetlands, species-genetic diversity correlation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selection (genetic algorithm), Original Research, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, Genetic diversity, Ecology, Species diversity, respiratory system, 15. Life on land, Agricultural sciences, 030104 developmental biology, diversité spécifique, Evolutionary biology, diversité génétique, Species evenness, Amplified fragment length polymorphism, Species richness, human activities, Sciences agricoles, corrélation, Diversity (politics)
Abstract: International audience; Disentangling the origin of species-genetic diversity correlations (SGDCs) is a challenging task that provides insight into the way that neutral and adaptive processes influence diversity at multiple levels. Genetic and species diversity are comprised by components that respond differently to the same ecological processes. Thus, it can be useful to partition species and genetic diversity into their different components to infer the mechanisms behind SGDCs. In this study, we applied such an approach using a high-elevation Andean wetland system, where previous evidence identified neutral processes as major determinants of the strong and positive covariation between plant species richness and AFLP genetic diversity of the common sedge Carex gayana. To tease apart putative neutral and non-neutral genetic variation of C. gayana, we identified loci putatively under selection from a dataset of 1,709 SNPs produced using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). Significant and positive relationships between local estimates of genetic and species diversities (alpha-SGDCs) were only found with the putatively neutral loci datasets and with species richness, confirming that neutral processes were primarily driving the correlations and that the involved processes differentially influenced local species diversity components (i.e., richness and evenness). In contrast, SGDCs based on genetic and community dissimilarities (beta-SGDCs) were only significant with the putative non-neutral datasets. This suggests that selective processes influencing C. gayana genetic diversity were involved in the detected correlations. Together, our results demonstrate that analyzing distinct components of genetic and species diversity simultaneously is useful to determine the mechanisms behind species-genetic diversity relationships.
Published: 2018
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12. On deterministic rendezvous at a node of agents with arbitrary velocities

Author: Sébastien Bouchard, Andrzej Pelc, Franck Petit, Yoann Dieudonné, DistributEd aLgorithms and sYStems (DELYS), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LIP6, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation, Information et Systèmes - UR UPJV 4290 (MIS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Supported in part by NSERC discovery grant 8136 – 2013 and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais., and ANR-16-CE25-0009,ESTATE,Auto-stabilisation et amélioration de la sûreté dans les environnements distribués évoluant dans le temps(2016)
Subjects: Mobile agent, 021103 operations research, Traverse, Computer science, Velocity, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Rendezvous, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Topology, 01 natural sciences, Graph, Computer Science Applications, Theoretical Computer Science, Computer Science::Multiagent Systems, Tree traversal, Deterministic rendezvous, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Asynchronous communication, Signal Processing, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Undirected graph, Algorithms, Information Systems
Abstract: International audience; We consider the task of rendezvous in networks modeled as undirected graphs. Two mobile agents with different labels, starting at different nodes of an anonymous graph, have to meet. This task has been considered in the literature under two alternative scenarios: weak and strong. Under the weak scenario, agents may meet either at a node or inside an edge. Under the strong scenario, they have to meet at a node, and they do not even notice meetings inside an edge. Rendezvous algorithms under the strong scenario are known for synchronous agents. For asynchronous agents, rendezvous under the strong scenario is impossible even in the two-node graph, and hence only algorithms under the weak scenario were constructed. In this paper we show that rendezvous under the strong scenario is possible for agents with asynchrony restricted in the following way: agents have the same measure of time but the adversary can impose, for each agent and each edge, the speed of traversing this edge by this agent. The speeds may be different for different edges and different agents but all traversals of a given edge by a given agent have to be at the same imposed speed. We construct a deterministic rendezvous algorithm for such agents, working in time polynomial in the size of the graph, in the length of the smaller label, and in the largest edge traversal time.
Published: 2018
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13. Effects of Combined Vigorous Interval Training Program and Diet on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Physical Self-Perceptions Among Obese Adolescent Boys and Girls

Author: Christophe Maïano, Olivier Rey, Jean-Marc Vallier, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Caroline Nicol, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Calorie, Adolescent, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, physical self-perceptions, pediatric obesity, Physical fitness, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, High-Intensity Interval Training, Body fat percentage, Interval training, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Heart rate, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, vigorous exercise, 030212 general & internal medicine, interval training, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Pediatric rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Self Concept, Diet, Exercise Therapy, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Body Composition, physical fitness, Physical therapy, Female, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, High-intensity interval training
Abstract: Purpose:This study examined the effects of a five-week intervention combining vigorous interval training (VIT) with diet among twenty-four obese adolescents. Fourteen girls and ten boys (aged 14–15) schooled in a pediatric rehabilitation center participated. Methods:The VIT intensity was targeted and remained above 80% of maximal heart rate (HR) and over six kilocalories per minute. Pre- and postintervention measures were body composition (BMI, weight, body fat percentage), physical self-perceptions (PSP), physical fitness (6-min walking distance and work) and its associated physiological responses (HRpeak and blood lactate concentration). A series of two-way analyses of variance or covariance controlling for weight loss were used to examine the changes. Results:Significant improvements were found in body composition, physical fitness and PSP (endurance, activity level, sport competence, global physical self-concept and appearance). In addition, boys presented higher levels of perceived strength and global physical self-concept than girls. Finally, there was a significant increase in perceived endurance, sport competence, and global physical self-concept in girls only. Conclusion:This five-week VIT program combined with diet represents an effective means for improving body composition, physical fitness, and PSP in obese adolescents, the effects on PSP being larger among girls.
Published: 2017
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14. L'écosystème d'affaires de la publication des périodiques scientifiques

Author: Harbour, Michelle, Harbour, Michelle, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), and Université du Québec en Outaouais
Subjects: Business ecosystem, Practice of strategy, Périodiques scientifiques, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Pratique de la science, Microcosme d’affaires, Scientific journals, Practice of science, Pratique de la stratégie, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration
Abstract: This updated report is part of a research project on the structuring of business ecosystem related to scientific periodicals. More specifically, this project aims to study the structuring of business practices and strategic practices of the actors operating within a business ecosystem currently undergoing major transformation, namely the production of science and the communication of their results. This report is one of the components of this project and focuses on the structuring of the business ecosystem within publication of scientific periodicals. The publication of articles in scientific periodicals is growing much faster than the growing number of scientists. Despite these increases, which undoubtedly reflect the dynamism in the world of the publication of scientific periodicals and greater accessibility to publication, scientists express great discomfort at this important part of their research activities. These discomforts are often expressed only from the point of view of the actors of the scientific fields, that is to say, from a scientific-centrist perspective. However, the publication of scientific periodicals involves a group of actors from different environments. The aim of this report is therefore to present these actors through their corporate structure and their connections. At the end of our study, we can see that the main economic actors formed a business ecosystem evolving around two oligopolies working on international markets (one in the publishing industry and the other in the aggregation industry) composed mainly of private firms, including private investment firms, and that they operate in a low-growth market. We also found that the dynamics of this business ecosystem is driven by a set of strategic cooperations, Ce rapport mis à jour s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche portant la structuration de l’écosystème d’affaires relié aux périodiques scientifiques. Plus spécifiquement, ce projet vise à étudier la structuration des pratiques d’affaires et des pratiques stratégiques des acteurs évoluant au sein d’un écosystème d’affaires actuellement en transformation importante, soit celui de la production de la science et de la communication des résultats de cette production. Le présent rapport vient supporter l’un des volets de ce projet ; la structuration de l’écosystème d’affaires de la publication des périodiques scientifiques. La publication d’articles dans des périodiques scientifiques connaît une croissance bien supérieure à la croissance du nombre de scientifiques. Malgré ces croissances qui traduisent le dynamisme du monde de la publication des périodiques scientifiques et une plus grande accessibilité à la publication, les scientifiques expriment beaucoup d’inconfort envers cette partie importante de leurs activités de recherche. Ces inconforts ne sont souvent exprimés que du seul point de vue des acteurs des champs scientifiques, c’est-à-dire selon une perspective scientifico-centriste. Or, la publication de périodiques scientifiques interpelle un ensemble d’acteurs issus de différents environnements. Nous avons voulu pour notre part adopter une perspective d’affaires. L’objectif de ce rapport est donc de présenter ces acteurs. Au terme de notre étude, nous pouvons constater que les principaux acteurs économiques forment un écosystème évoluant autour de deux oligopoles œuvrant sur les marchés internationaux (un dans l’industrie de la publication et l’autre dans l’industrie de la distribution numérique) composés essentiellement de firmes privées, notamment des firmes d’investissement privé, et qu’elles évoluent dans un marché à faible croissance en occident. Nous avons également constaté que la dynamique de cet écosystème est mue par un ensemble de stratégies de coopération.
Published: 2019

15. Recent fire activity in the boreal eastern interior of North America is below that of the past 2000 yr

Author: Adam A. Ali, Justin Waito, Jacques C. Tardif, Martin P. Girardin, Yves Bergeron, Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, Canadian Forest Service - CFS (CANADA), Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, paleoecology, boreal–prairie ecotone, tree‐rings, post‐fire stand initiation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ecology, 15. Life on land, lacustrine charcoal particles, south‐central Canada, climate change, Boreal, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Paleoecology, Environmental science, fire scars, Physical geography, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, millennial fire history
Abstract: International audience; The North American boreal forest has been developing since the end of the last glaciation approximately 10,000 yr ago. With climate warming and human occupation, it is anticipated that fire danger, ignition, and activity will be increasing, compromising forests’ benefits for generations to come. In this study, we show, however, that a century of rapid climate changes and human densification has had the opposite effect in the boreal eastern interior of the North American continent, reducing biomass burning to values below two millennia of historical levels. A multi‐millennial fire history was reconstructed for eight forested landscapes from the Lake of the Woods Ecoregion (LWE) located at the boreal–prairie ecotone. Fire history was reconstructed using a combination of archival (period 1920–2010), tree‐ring (stand initiations and fire scars: period 1690–2010), and lake sediment charcoal (2500 BP to present) records. The archival record revealed recent large fires (>200 ha) in 1948, 1980, and 1988. An additional 19 fires were identified by the fire‐scar record. Fire events in 1805, 1840, 1863, and the 1890s were identified in numerous locations around multiple lakes suggesting that they were of large extents. In accordance with the tree‐ring record, the charcoal accumulation rate (CHAR) peak record generally identified the major fires but tended to lag from the tree‐ring records by several decades. Within LWE, the long‐term charcoal record revealed that CHAR was higher for each lake in the earlier portion of the record including the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly (AD −900 to AD 1000), followed by a progressive decrease toward the cool Little Ice Age period. This decline was abruptly interrupted in the mid‐ to late 19th century with large synchronized fires, also reported over western and central North America, and resumed approximately four decades later. Fire disturbance level is today below the historical range, despite the accentuated climate warming. Aging of the forest landscape may create biodiversity loss notably in fire‐adapted species while at the same time setting the tone for major fires in upcoming decades if no action is taken for managing fuels.
Published: 2018
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16. Des monnaies locales pour le développement territorial ? Une application de la théorie de la base économique aux monnaies locales convertibles

Author: Lafuente-Sampietro, Oriane, Triangle : action, discours, pensée politique et économique (TRIANGLE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Économie Appliquée au Développement (LEAD), Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)
Subjects: Local currencies, Local development, General Medicine, Base theory, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; In this article, I analyse the functioning of convertible local currencies (CLC) through the economic base theory. I thereby highlight CLC' mechanisms that can contribute to the development of the territorial economy, in particular the internalisation of their members' demand inside their communities. Indeed, CLCs might impact the circulation of income within the local economy by limiting the outflow of income from the territory and increasing its circulation within the domestic sector. CLCs therefore fit more specifically into consumer base theory, which promotes endogenous territorial development by directing local demand towards local production. However, CLCs users gather only a fraction of local actors, their members having to choose to join and, for companies, to be certified by the managing organisations. CLCs therefore only support the development of specific communities, who share similar values and practices, but whose growth can transform territorial economies.Nevertheless, in order for the demand internalisation to really benefit the economic development of their sub-territorial community, it is necessary to determine whether it really irrigates productive activities and not only distribution ones. To investigate which part of the economy is mostly supported by the internalisation of the users’ demand, I analyse the digital transaction data from the SoNantes and the Eusko, two French CLCs. The two CLCs are essentially implanted in the domestic sectors. If the SoNantes integrates more companies dedicated to productive activities support than the Eusko, the two CLCs mainly irrigate activities geared towards distribution and household consumption. The circulation of income from these sectors to productive activities remains low, limiting their economic development support potential.; Dans cet article, nous analysons le fonctionnement des monnaies locales convertibles (MLC) au travers de la théorie de la base économique. Nous mettons ainsi en évidence les mécanismes des MLC pouvant favoriser le développement de l’économie territoriale, notamment l’internalisation de la demande de leurs membres. Les utilisateurs des MLC ne représentent qu’une fraction des acteurs du territoire. Les MLC soutiennent donc le développement de sous-communautés spécifiques, mais dont la croissance peut transformer les économies territoriales. L’analyse des données de transaction numérique de la SoNantes et l’Eusko dévoile les sphères économiques empiriquement soutenues par les MLC. Ainsi, ces deux MLC françaises s’implantent essentiellement dans les secteurs domestiques et si, la SoNantes intègre des entreprises dédiées au soutien à des activités productives, les deux MLC irriguent majoritairement des activités de distribution et de consommation courante à destination des ménages. La transmission des recettes perçues par ces secteurs à des activités productives demeure faible, limitant le réel potentiel de développement économique des MLC.
Published: 2023
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17. Repeated Effects of Vigorous Interval Training in Basketball, Running-Biking, and Boxing on the Physical Self-Perceptions of Obese Adolescents

Author: Jean-Marc Vallier, Caroline Nicol, Olivier Rey, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Christophe Maïano, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Basketball, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030229 sport sciences, Interval training, eye diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical therapy, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Applied Psychology
Abstract: International audience; This study aims to examine the repeated effects of three sessions of vigorous interval training (VIT) in basketball, running-biking, and boxing on the physical self-perceptions (PSP) of obese adolescents participating in a dietary program. A sample of 24 obese adolescents performed the consecutive VIT sessions every week for 5 weeks. PSP were measured immediately after each training session. Analyses of covariance were used to examine changes in PSP. The results showed rapid and constant increases in PSP with significant differences according to sex, time, type of VIT, and an interaction of sex by time by type of VIT, mainly for basketball.
Published: 2017
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18. L'anxiété et les symptômes dépressifs chez les parents d'enfants atteints de syndrome de Dravet

Author: Léonova , Tamara, De Saint-Martin , Anne, Nabbout , Rima, Auvin , Stéphane, Robert , Marie, Caharel , Stéphanie, Coqué , Nathalie, Piquard-Kipffer , Agnès, Piquard-Kipffer, Agnès, Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale (U1129), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Laboratoire de psychologie de l'interaction et des relations intersubjectives (INTERPSY), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA-Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Speech Modeling for Facilitating Oral-Based Communication (MULTISPEECH), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Discovery (LORIA - NLPKD), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire ( IGBMC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale ( U1129 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Laboratoire de psychologie de l'interaction et des relations intersubjectives ( INTERPSY ), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées ( MIA-Paris ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, Speech Modeling for Facilitating Oral-Based Communication ( MULTISPEECH ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Department of Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Discovery ( LORIA - NLPKD ), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications ( LORIA ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications ( LORIA ), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, [ SCCO ] Cognitive science, [SCCO] Cognitive science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

19. Burning Potential of Fire Refuges in the Boreal Mixedwood Forest

Author: Laure Paradis, Adam A. Ali, Christelle Hély, Hugo Asselin, Samira Ouarmim, Yves Bergeron, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, fire refuges, Prediction system, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, fuel moisture, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, fire modeling, fire susceptibility, FlamMap3, Ecosystem, Fire ecology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, Fire regime, Ecology, Taiga, Forestry, Fuel type, lcsh:QK900-989, 15. Life on land, Fire spread, Boreal, lcsh:Plant ecology, Environmental science
Abstract: International audience; In boreal ecosystems, wildfire severity (i.e., the extent of fire-related tree mortality) is affected by environmental conditions and fire intensity. A burned area usually includes tree patches that partially or entirely escaped fire. There are two types of post-fire residual patches: (1) patches that only escaped the last fire; and (2) patches with lower fire susceptibility, also called fire refuges, that escaped several consecutive fires, likely due to particular site characteristics. The main objective of this study was to test if particular environmental conditions and stand characteristics could explain the presence of fire refuges in the mixedwood boreal forest. The FlamMap3 fire behavior model running at the landscape scale was used on the present-day Lake Duparquet forest mosaic and on four other experimental scenarios. FlamMap3 was first calibrated using BehavePlus and realistic rates of fire spread obtained from the Canadian Fire Behavior Prediction system. The results, based on thousands of runs, exclude the effects of firebreaks, topography, fuel type, and microtopography to explain the presence of fire refuges, but rather highlight the important role of moisture conditions in the fuel beds. Moist conditions are likely attributed to former small depressions having been filled with organic matter rather than present-day variations in ground surface topography.
Published: 2016
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20. Remembering without memory: Tree exploration by asynchronous oblivious robots

Author: Nicola Santoro, David Ilcinkas, Andrzej Pelc, Paola Flocchini, Distributed Computing Research Group [Ottawa], University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Algorithmics for computationally intensive applications over wide scale distributed platforms (CEPAGE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), School of Computer Science [Ottawa], Carleton University, See paper for details., ANR-07-BLAN-0322,ALADDIN,Algorithm Design and Analysis for Implicitly and Incompletely Defined Interaction Networks(2007), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Partially supported by NSERC Discovery grant. Andrzej Pelc is also partially supported by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais. This work was done during the stay of David Ilcinkas at the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais and at the University of Ottawa, as a postdoctoral fellow., and Alexander A. Shvartsman, Pascal Felber
Subjects: Theoretical computer science, General Computer Science, Computer science, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, exploration, 01 natural sciences, Constructive, Theoretical Computer Science, Combinatorics, Computer Science::Robotics, oblivious, mobile agent, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Mathematics, asynchronous, Discrete mathematics, Degree (graph theory), Swarm behaviour, robot, Mobile robot, Binary logarithm, tree, Asymptotically optimal algorithm, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Asynchronous communication, Robot, Graph (abstract data type), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Computer Science(all)
Abstract: International audience; In the effort to understand the algorithmic limitations of computing by a swarm of robots, the research has focused on the minimal capabilities that allow a problem to be solved. The weakest of the commonly used models is {\sc Asynch} where the autonomous mobile robots, endowed with visibility sensors (but otherwise unable to communicate), operate in Look-Compute-Move cycles performed asynchronously for each robot. The robots are often assumed (or required to be) oblivious: they keep no memory of observations and computations made in previous cycles. We consider the setting when the robots are dispersed in an anonymous and unlabeled graph, and they must perform the very basic task of {\em exploration}: within finite time every node must be visited by at least one robot and the robots must enter a quiescent state. The complexity measure of a solution is the number of robots used to perform the task. We study the case when the graph is an arbitrary tree and establish some unexpected results. We first prove that, in general, exploration cannot be done efficiently. More precisely we prove that there are $n$-node trees where $\Omega(n)$ robots are necessary; this holds even if the maximum degree is $4$. On the other hand, we show that if the maximum degree is $3$, it is possible to explore with only $O(\frac{\log n} {\log\log n})$ robots. The proof of the result is constructive. We also prove that the size of the team used in our solution is asymptotically {\em optimal}: there are trees of degree $3$, whose exploration requires $\Omega(\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$ robots. Our final result shows that the difficulty in tree exploration comes in fact from the symmetries of the tree. Indeed, we show that, in order to explore trees that do not have any non-trivial automorphisms, 4 robots are always sufficient and often necessary.
Published: 2010
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21. Fast radio broadcasting with advice

Author: David Ilcinkas, Andrzej Pelc, Dariusz R. Kowalski, Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Algorithmics for computationally intensive applications over wide scale distributed platforms (CEPAGE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), See paper for details., ANR-07-BLAN-0322,ALADDIN,Algorithm Design and Analysis for Implicitly and Incompletely Defined Interaction Networks(2007), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, This work was done during the stay of David Ilcinkas at the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais and at the University of Ottawa, as a postdoctoral fellow. Andrzej Pelc was partially supported by NSERC discovery grant and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais., and Alexander A. Shvartsman, Pascal Felber
Subjects: Theoretical computer science, General Computer Science, Computer science, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Broadcasting, 01 natural sciences, Theoretical Computer Science, Broadcasting (networking), Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Advice, Deterministic broadcasting, Computer Science::Information Theory, Distributed algorithm, business.industry, Radio network, Ask price, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Order (business), Broadcast communication network, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], business, Constant (mathematics), Radio broadcasting, Algorithm, Advice (complexity), Computer Science(all), Computer network
Abstract: International audience; We study deterministic broadcasting in radio networks in the recently introduced framework of network algorithms with {\em advice}. We concentrate on the problem of trade-offs between the number of bits of information (size of advice) available to nodes and the time in which broadcasting can be accomplished. In particular, we ask what is the minimum number of bits of information that must be available to nodes of the network, in order to broadcast very fast. For networks in which constant time broadcast is possible under complete knowledge of the network we give a tight answer to the above question: $O(n)$ bits of advice are sufficient but $o(n)$ bits are not, in order to achieve constant broadcasting time in all these networks. This is in sharp contrast with geometric radio networks of constant broadcasting time: we show that in these networks a constant number of bits suffices to broadcast in constant time. For arbitrary radio networks we present a broadcasting algorithm whose time is inverse-proportional to the size of advice.
Published: 2010
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22. Impact of memory size on graph exploration capability

Author: Andrzej Pelc, David Ilcinkas, Pierre Fraigniaud, Laboratoire d'informatique Algorithmique : Fondements et Applications (LIAFA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Algorithmics for computationally intensive applications over wide scale distributed platforms (CEPAGE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), This work was done while Pierre Fraigniaud and David Ilcinkas were with University Paris-Sud (LRI). Additional support by the project ``PairAPair' of the ACI Masses de Données, and by the project ``Grand Large' of INRIA. Supported in part by NSERC discovery grant and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais., ANR-07-BLAN-0322,ALADDIN,Algorithm Design and Analysis for Implicitly and Incompletely Defined Interaction Networks(2007), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest
Subjects: Theoretical computer science, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Graph exploration, mobile agent, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, memory size, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Mathematics, Finite-state machine, Memoria, Applied Mathematics, robot, Graph, Automaton, finite automaton, Graph Node, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Robot, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Regular graph, Mobile agent, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Algorithm
Abstract: International audience; A mobile agent (robot), modeled as a finite automaton, has to visit all nodes of a regular graph. How does the memory size of the agent (the number of states of the automaton) influence its exploration capability? In particular, does every increase of the memory size enable an agent to explore more graphs? We give a partial answer to this problem by showing that a strict gain of the exploration power can be obtained by a polynomial increase of the number of states. We also show that, for automata with few states, the increase of memory by even one state results in the capability of exploring more graphs.
Published: 2008
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23. Psycho-Physiological Responses of Obese Adolescents to an Intermittent Run Test Compared with a 20-M Shuttle Run

Author: Rey , Olivier, Maïano , Christophe, Nicol , Caroline, Mercier , Charles-Symphorien, Vallier , Jean-Marc, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Centre Européen de Réalité Virtuelle ( CERV ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre Européen de Réalité Virtuelle (CERV), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: aerobic fitness, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], physical self, paediatric obesity, Running test, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology
Abstract: International audience; Among the running field tests that measure aerobic fitness indirectly , the 20-m shuttle run test is the one most commonly used among obese youth. However, this back and forth running test induces premature cessation of exercise in this population. The present study aimed to examine the psycho-physiological responses of obese adolescents to an intermittent (15-15) progressive and maximal run test as compared with a continuous shuttle run test. Eleven obese adolescents (age: 14-15 years; BMI = 34.01 ± 5.30 kg • m-2) performed both tests. A two-way ANOVA examined the main effects of the running test, participant's sex, and their interaction on maximal aerobic performance (net exercise duration and final velocity), physiological values (heart rate, pulmonary oxygen uptake, respiratory exchange ratio and blood lactate concentration) and psychological responses (rating of perceived exertion, and physical self-perceptions). Oxygen uptake and heart-rate values at 9 km • h-1 were also compared. Compared with a 20-m shuttle run, the 15-15 test induced lower pulmonary oxygen uptake values at 9 km/h (28.3 ± 2.7 vs. 35.4 ± 2.7 ml • min-1 • kg-1) and finished with higher maximal velocity and net exercise duration (566 ± 156 vs. 346 ± 156 s, p < 0.001), with no inter-test physiological difference. The 15-15 test also resulted in higher ratings of perceived exertion (16.0 ± 1.2 vs. 12.7 ± 1.6, p < 0.001) and improved perceived physical condition compared with the 20-m shuttle run (+1.4 ± 1.4 vs. +0.2 ± 1.0, p < 0.05). Both tests induced a maximal aerobic power of obese adolescents, but the 15-15 test provided a more progressive speed increment and longer exercise duration. The 15-15 test also elicited a significant improvement of perceived physical condition. In conclusion the 15-15 test can be considered a relevant field test for assessing the aerobic fitness of obese adolescents.
Published: 2016

24. Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global forests

Author: David A. Coomes, Christian Ammer, Christopher Baraloto, Michael R. Ngugi, Emanuel H. Martin, Simon L. Lewis, Francesco Rovero, Peter B. Reich, Jordi Vayreda, A. David McGuire, Henry B. Glick, David David Verbyla, Xiangdong Lei, Nicolas Picard, Eungul Lee, R. Vásquez, Alain Paquette, Alexander Christian Vibrans, Radomir Bałazy, Fumiaki Kitahara, Verginia Wortel, Frédéric Mortier, James V. Watson, Boknam Lee, William Marthy, Thomas W. Crowther, Andrzej M. Jagodziński, Lorenzo Frizzera, Bruno Hérault, Elena I. Parfenova, Ernst Detlef Schulze, Mart-Jan Schelhaas, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Nurdin Chamuya, N. M. Tchebakova, Hans Pretzsch, Daniel Piotto, Timothy G. O'Brien, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Helge Bruelheide, David E. Odeke, Christian Salas, Terry Sunderland, Jacek Oleksyn, Jun Zhu, Tommaso Jucker, Renato Valencia, Sebastian Pfautsch, Han Y. H. Chen, Pascal A. Niklaus, Susan K. Wiser, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Fabio Bozzato, Bonaventure Sonké, Robert Bitariho, Hyun-Seok Kim, Sergio de-Miguel, Peter Schall, Mo Zhou, Markus Fischer, Andrew R. Marshall, Jingjing Liang, Huicui Lu, Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Fernando Valladares, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Victor J. Neldner, Susanne Brandl, Christopher B. Barrett, Damiano Gianelle, Nestor L. Engone-Obiang, Eric B. Searle, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Christelle Gonmadje, Giorgio Alberti, Rebecca Tavani, Pablo Luis Peri, Geerten M. Hengeveld, Filippo Bussotti, Bernhard Schmid, Leena Finér, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Olivier Bouriaud, Helder Viana, Davis College of Agriculture - School of Natural Resources and Design, West Virginia University, Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Yale School Forestry & Environment Studies, Yale University [New Haven], Forestry Department, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Landcare Research, Departement Agri Food Animal & Environment Science, Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie (MPI-BGC), US Geological Survey [Laurel], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Architecture & Environment Department, Italcementi Group, Institute of Forest Growth & Yield Science, School Life Science Weihenstephan (TUM), Deptamento de Produccion Vegetal & Ciencia Forestal, Universitat de Lleida, Centro Tecnológico Forestal de Cataluña (CTFC), Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université McGill -Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Charles H Dyson School Applied Economics & Management, Cornell University, Team Vegetation Forest & Landscape Ecology, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Western Sydney University (UWS), Centre for the Study of Education, Technologies and Health (CSETH), Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (Portugal), Departamento de Engenharia Florestal (DEF), Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Deptment of Silviculture & Forest Ecology of Temperate Zones, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, School of Natural Resources & Extension, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization-The Volcani Center, Faculty of Natural Resources management, Lakehead University, Research Institute of Forest Resource InformationTechn, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Research & Innovation Center, Sustainable Agroecosystem & Bioresources Depat, Edmund Mach Foundation (FEM), Department Ciencias Forestales, University of La Frontera, Department of Geography & Geology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Seoul], Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Department of Forest Sciences, Inst Biol Geobot & Bot Garden, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Sustainable Landscape & Food Syst, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Forêts et Sociétés (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 Forêts et Sociétés), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Biology, Higher Teachers Training College (HTTC), Université deYaoundé I, Department of Forestry, Food & Agr Org UN, Department of Statistics, University of Haifa [Haifa], Hans Carl von Carlowitz, Bavarian State Institute of Forestry, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, EcoSciences Precinct, Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Sekocin Stary Braci, Forest Research Institute, Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Cornell University [New York], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Western Sydney University, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Faculty of Natural Resources Management [Thunder Bay], Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation [Queensland] (DSITI), The European Union for funding the COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR, FEDER/ COMPETE/POCI under Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958 and FCT–Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under the project UID/AGR/04033/2013, Swiss National Science Foundation grant 310030B_147092, the EU H2020 PEGASUS project (no 633814), EU H2020 Simwood project (no 613762), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program within the framework of the MultiFUNGtionality Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (IF-EF) under grant agreement 655815, ANR-10-LABX-0025, European Project: 633814,H2020,H2020-ISIB-2014-2,PEGASUS(2015), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Instituto Superior de Agronomia [Lisboa] (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA)-Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management (Dyson), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, and University of California (UC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Biome, Biodiversity, forest management, forêt tropicale, Forests, 01 natural sciences, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Bos- en Natuurbeleid, Deforestation, Produttività, Agroforestry, Medicine (all), Multidisciplinary, PE&RC, Biodiversità, Forest Ecosystems, international, Forêt, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Conservation of Natural Resources, Production forestière, Manejo Forestal, gestion des ressources naturelles, Extinction, Biological, Biodiversidad, multifonctionalité, multifunctionality, Conservation des ressources, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, Ecosystem, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Vegetatie, Escala Global, Socioeconomic Development, Impact sur l'environnement, Production, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, biodiversité forestière, Deforestación, Cambio Climático, Politique forestière, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Forest ecology, gestion forestière, Global Scale, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], nature conservation, Trees, Ecosystem services, biodiversité, Dynamique des populations, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Productivity, Valuation (finance), Operaciones Forestales, Ecologia forestale, Ecology, conservation, Forest Management, Biometris, protection de la forêt, Conservación, Écosystème forestier, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Climate Change, Aménagement forestier, Forest management, Climate change, Conservation, 010603 evolutionary biology, Producción, Forestry Operations, Forest and Nature Conservation Policy, Ecosistemas Forestales, Life Science, Ressource forestière, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Desarrollo Socioeconómico, Vegetation, Ecología, Déboisement, K10 - Production forestière, 13. Climate action
Abstract: The biodiversity-productivity relationship (BPR) is foundational to our understanding of the global extinction crisis and its impacts on ecosystem functioning. Understanding BPR is critical for the accurate valuation and effective conservation of biodiversity. Using ground-sourced data from 777,126 permanent plots, spanning 44 countries and most terrestrial biomes, we reveal a globally consistent positive concave-down BPR, showing that continued biodiversity loss would result in an accelerating decline in forest productivity worldwide. The value of biodiversity in maintaining commercial forest productivity alone - US$166 billion to 490 billion per year according to our estimation - is more than twice what it would cost to implement effective global conservation. This highlights the need for a worldwide reassessment of biodiversity values, forest management strategies, and conservation priorities.
Published: 2016
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25. In situ Comparison of Tree-Ring Responses to Climate and Population Genetics: The Need to Control for Local Climate and Site Variables

Author: Huaitong Xu, Yves Bergeron, Martin P. Girardin, Christopher Carcaillet, Francine Tremblay, Johann Housset, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université McGill -Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERCC), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Population, lcsh:Evolution, Ecology and Evolution, Population genetics, Climate change, Dendroclimatology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:QH540-549.5, lcsh:QH359-425, Dendrochronology, education, Population genetic, climate change adaptation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Phenotypic plasticity, education.field_of_study, Genetic diversity, Ecology, dendrochronology, population genetics, 15. Life on land, radial growth, climate change, 13. Climate action, Genetic structure, marginal populations, lcsh:Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Marginal population
Abstract: International audience; Tree species responses to climate change will be greatly influenced by their evolutionary potential and their phenotypic plasticity. Investigating tree-rings responses to climate and population genetics at the regional scale is crucial in assessing the tree behavior to climate change. This study combined in situ dendroclimatology and population genetics over a latitudinal gradient and compared the variations between the two at the intra- and inter-population levels. This approach was applied on the northern marginal populations of Thuja occidentalis (eastern white-cedar) in the Canadian boreal forest. We aimed first to assess the radial growth variability (response functional trait) within populations across the gradient and to compare it with the genetic diversity (microsatellites). Second, we investigated the variability in the growth response to climate at the regional scale through the radial growth-climate relationships, and tested its correlation with environmental variables and population genetic structure. Model selection based on the Akaike Information Criteria revealed that the growth synchronicity between pairs of trees of a population covariates with both the genetic diversity of this population and the amount of precipitation (inverse correlations), although these variables only explained a small fraction of the observed variance. At the regional scale, variance partitioning and partial redundancy analysis indicate that the growth response to climate was greatly modulated by stand environmental variables, suggesting predominant plastic variations in growth-response to climate. Combining in situ dendroclimatology and population genetics is a promising way to investigate species’ response capacity to climate change in natural stands. We stress the need to control for local climate and site conditions effects on dendroclimatic response to climate to avoid misleading conclusions regarding the associations with genetic variables.
Published: 2016
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26. De l’apprentissage solitaire à l’apprentissage solidaire : créer une présence à distance

Author: Jézégou, Annie, Trigone-CIREL, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Education de Lille - ULR 4354 (CIREL), Université de Lille-Université de Lille, Université de Lille, and Université du Québec en Outaouais
Subjects: e-formation, collaboration en ligne, présence à distance, interactions sociales médiatisées, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

27. Unexpected warming-induced growth decline in Thuja occidentalis at its northern limits in North America

Author: Yves Bergeron, Martin P. Girardin, Christopher Carcaillet, Mathieu Baconnet, Johann Housset, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERCC), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université McGill -Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)
Subjects: Canada, Growing season, respiration, Dendroclimatology, drought, medicine, Dendrochronology, Boreal forest, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, forest productivity, Ecology, biology, Taiga, Global warming, Northern Hemisphere, 15. Life on land, Seasonality, tree ring, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, distribution limit, climate change, 13. Climate action, White-cedar, Environmental science, dendroclimatology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Aim - Towards the cold margins of the Northern Hemisphere boreal zone, continuing warming should theoretically provide a longer vegetative season, favouring growth and a northward shift in tree species distribution. The north- ern distribution of Thuja occidentalis L. (eastern white cedar) is marked by the presence of isolated marginal populations distant from the continuous distribu- tion. If those populations proved to be well adapted to their future local cli- matic conditions, their expansion could accelerate cedar poleward migration. We tested the hypotheses that (1) there will be a growth increase in cedar northern marginal populations as a result of global warming, and (2) the edaphic conditions and regional precipitation regimes will modulate their response to warming.Location - Canadian boreal forest, western Québec (47–50° N, 74–80° W).Methods - We investigated radial growth using tree-ring measurements from dominant and co-dominant eastern white cedar trees (n = 723) distributed along a latitudinal gradient from the species’ northern margin to the centre of its natural range. First, low-frequency growth variations were analysed on whole chronologies (ad 1720–2010). Second, inter-annual growth variations were tested against ad 1953–2010 monthly temperature and precipitation time series with a bootstrapped correlation function. Finally, the impact of environ- mental variables on the growth–climate relationships was assessed.Results - Unexpectedly, a growth decline was observed starting in 1980 in mar- ginal sites. Dendroclimatic analyses revealed that radial growth was not only limited by short growing seasons but also by summer droughts in the marginal zone. This response was exacerbated in sites that received less summer precipi- tation. Counterintuitively, autumn and spring precipitation negatively impacted on growth, especially in wet soil stands.Main conclusions - Northern marginal populations of cedar may have already reached their optimum temperature threshold for radial growth. Our results suggest that they will probably be facing increasing hydric stress selection pres- sure under the assumptions of climate change. Their responses to future warm- ing will be highly dependent on the seasonality and magnitude of variation in precipitation regimes.
Published: 2015
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28. Grid–Following DVI–Based Converter Operating in Weak Grids for Enhancing Frequency Stability

Author: Mahdi Shahparasti, Shamsodin Taheri, Edris Pouresmaeil, Meysam Saeedian, Reza Sangrody, Renewable Energies for Power Systems, Islamic Azad University, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Computer science, Distributed virtual inertia, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Converters, Grid, Grid frequency regulation, Power (physics), law.invention, Capacitor, Electric power system, Control theory, law, Control system, Frequency grid, Weak grid, Phase-locked loop (PLL) dymanics, Modern power system, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract: Inertia requirement is the paramount challenge in future power systems with a significant share of renewable energy generators. A promising solution to this issue is applying Distributed Virtual Inertia (DVI) concept, i.e. releasing energy preserved in the DC-link capacitors of employed power converters in the grid following a frequency disturbance. Nonetheless, small-signal stability analyses affirm that a local mode associated with the control system is prone to become unstable when the grid-interactive converter augmented with the DVI operates in weak grids. To overcome this problem, an efficient compensator is proposed in this paper. This compensator introduces one degree-of-freedom to the direct-axis current controller in synchronous reference frame, which eliminates the adverse impact of DVI function on converter stability. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed control framework is depicted by simulations in MATLAB. The results illustrate that the grid frequency rate of change following a step-up load change is improved by 30% compared to the case in which the DVI loop is nullified.
Published: 2022
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29. Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails

Author: Anton M. Potapov, Carlos A. Guerra, Johan van den Hoogen, Anatoly Babenko, Bruno C. Bellini, Matty P. Berg, Steven L. Chown, Louis Deharveng, Ľubomír Kováč, Natalia A. Kuznetsova, Jean-François Ponge, Mikhail B. Potapov, David J. Russell, Douglas Alexandre, Juha M. Alatalo, Javier I. Arbea, Ipsa Bandyopadhyaya, Verónica Bernava, Stef Bokhorst, Thomas Bolger, Gabriela Castaño-Meneses, Matthieu Chauvat, Ting-Wen Chen, Mathilde Chomel, Aimee T. Classen, Jerome Cortet, Peter Čuchta, Ana Manuela de la Pedrosa, Susana S. D. Ferreira, Cristina Fiera, Juliane Filser, Oscar Franken, Saori Fujii, Essivi Gagnon Koudji, Meixiang Gao, Benoit Gendreau-Berthiaume, Diego F. Gomez-Pamies, Michelle Greve, I. Tanya Handa, Charlène Heiniger, Martin Holmstrup, Pablo Homet, Mari Ivask, Charlene Janion-Scheepers, Malte Jochum, Sophie Joimel, Bruna Claudia S. Jorge, Edite Jucevica, Olga Ferlian, Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho, Osmar Klauberg-Filho, Dilmar Baretta, Eveline J. Krab, Annely Kuu, Estevam C. A. de Lima, Dunmei Lin, Zoe Lindo, Amy Liu, Jing-Zhong Lu, María José Luciañez, Michael T. Marx, Matthew A. McCary, Maria A. Minor, Taizo Nakamori, Ilaria Negri, Raúl Ochoa-Hueso, José G. Palacios-Vargas, Melanie M. Pollierer, Pascal Querner, Natália Raschmanová, Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Laura J. Raymond-Léonard, Laurent Rousseau, Ruslan A. Saifutdinov, Sandrine Salmon, Emma J. Sayer, Nicole Scheunemann, Cornelia Scholz, Julia Seeber, Yulia B. Shveenkova, Sophya K. Stebaeva, Maria Sterzynska, Xin Sun, Winda I. Susanti, Anastasia A. Taskaeva, Madhav P. Thakur, Maria A. Tsiafouli, Matthew S. Turnbull, Mthokozisi N. Twala, Alexei V. Uvarov, Lisa A. Venier, Lina A. Widenfalk, Bruna R. Winck, Daniel Winkler, Donghui Wu, Zhijing Xie, Rui Yin, Douglas Zeppelini, Thomas W. Crowther, Nico Eisenhauer, Stefan Scheu, Johann-Friedrich Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Botany and Zoology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRGS), Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Community and Conservation Ecology Group [Groningen], Université de Groningen, Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia, Institute of Biology and Chemistry, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Soil Zoology, Senckenberg Society for Nature Research, Görlitz, Germany, Department of Soil Science, Centre for Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDUESC Lages), Lages, SC, Brazil (UDUESC), Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar, Department of Sciences, CEPA Camargo, Astillero, Spain, Visva Bharati University, Bengal, India, Administración de Parques Nacionales, San Antonio, Argentina, School of Biology and Environmental Science - University College of Dublin, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México, Etude et Compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institute of Entomology [České Budějovice] (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), FiBL France, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan Research Museums Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2228, USA, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Departmento de Biología Zoología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, Department of General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, University of Bremen, Conservation Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, ‘t Horntje, the Netherlands, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Ningbo University (NBU), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HEdS-Ge / HES-SO), Section of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Tallinn University of Technology, Tartu College, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Department of Entomology, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Department of Soil Science, Centre for Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC-Lages), Lages, SC, Brazil, Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC Oeste), Chapecó, SC, Brazil, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Umeå University, Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Rice University [Houston], Wildlife and Ecology Group [New Zealand], Massey University, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan, Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VE.S.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy, University of Cadiz, Netherlands Institute of Ecology - NIOO-KNAW (NETHERLANDS), Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria México, Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Integrated Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Zoology (BOKU), King Abdulaziz University, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, State Nature Reserve 'Privolzhskaya Lesostep', Penza, Russia, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China, Institute of Biology Komi Science Centre UB RAS, University of Bern, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Greensway AB, Uppsala, Sweden, Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Wildlife Management and Wildlife Biology, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary, Key laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Community Department, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany, State University of Paraiba, Institute of Integrative Biology, Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen] (CBL), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Conservation Ecology Group, Govers group, Ecology & Evolution, Amsterdam Sustainability Institute, Systems Ecology, Animal Ecology, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, General Physics and Astronomy, 580 Plants (Botany), 000 Computer science, knowledge & systems, Markvetenskap, 590 Tiere (Zoologie), General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Soil, terrestrial food web, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Humans, Animals, 000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme, Macroecology, Arthropods, Tundra, Ecosystem, Ekologi, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, soil fertility, collembola, Biodiversity, General Chemistry, 580 Pflanzen (Botanik), Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
Abstract: Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains unknown. Here, using a global dataset representing 2470 sites, we estimate the total soil springtail biomass at 27.5 megatons carbon, which is threefold higher than wild terrestrial vertebrates, and record peak densities up to 2 million individuals per square meter in the tundra. Despite a 20-fold biomass difference between the tundra and the tropics, springtail energy use (community metabolism) remains similar across the latitudinal gradient, owing to the changes in temperature with latitude. Neither springtail density nor community metabolism is predicted by local species richness, which is high in the tropics, but comparably high in some temperate forests and even tundra. Changes in springtail activity may emerge from latitudinal gradients in temperature, predation and resource limitation in soil communities. Contrasting relationships of biomass, diversity and activity of springtail communities with temperature suggest that climate warming will alter fundamental soil biodiversity metrics in different directions, potentially restructuring terrestrial food webs and affecting soil functioning. The article is an outcome of the #GlobalCollembola community initiative that is voluntarily supported by researchers around the world. Data collection and analysis was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (19-74-00154 to A.P.) and by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (493345801 to A.P. and 192626868—SFB 990 to S.S.). We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the Göttingen University. The following funding bodies provided support for individual contributors: ARC SRIEAS Grant SR200100005 Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future to S.L.C., Slovak Scientific Grant Agency VEGA 1/0438/22 to Ľ.K., RFBR 19-516-60002 to N.A.K., Carl Tryggers Stiftelse för Vetenskaplig Forskning and Qatar Petroleum to J.M.A., BIO 27 (2013-2014)-MAGyP and PICTO 2084 (2012)-ANPCyT to V.B., DAAD-19-10 and MSM200962001 to T.C., grant TE, PN-III-P1-1.1-TE-2019-0358 to C.F., NWO grant 821.01.015 to O.F., National Natural Sciences Foundation of China No 41471037 and 41871042 to M.G., BIO 27 (2013-2014), MAGyP; PICT 2084 (2012), FONCyT to D.F.G., NRF South African National Antarctic Programme grant 110734 to M.G., Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), EcoEnergy Innovation Initiative under the Office of Energy Research and Development, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to I.T.H., L.A.V. and L.R., Independent Research Fund Denmark grant no. DFF-4002-00384 to M.H., Estonian Science Foundation G9145 to M.I., SA-France bilateral grant to C.J., SA (NRF)/Russia (RFBR) Joint Science and Technology Research Collaboration project no. 19-516-60002 (FRBR) and no. 118904 (NRF) to M.P. and C.J., European Research Council (ERC), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 677232; to N.E.); iDiv, German Research Foundation (DFG–FZT 118, 202548816) to M.J. and N.E., French National Agency of Research (ANR) (JASSUR research project; ANR-12-VBDU-0011), «Ministère de l’Agriculture et de la Pêche» and «Ministère de l’Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie» (ACTA programme), «Ministère de l’Aménagement du Territoire et de l’Environnement» (Pnetox programme), EU-funded project, ECOGEN QLK5-CT-2002-01666 (www.ecogen.dk), “Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Énergie” (BIOINDICATEUR 2, BIOTECHNOSOL), ANDRA and GISFI (www.gisfi.fr) to S.J., GRR SER-BIODIV (Région Normandie, France) to MCha, ESF9258, B02 to A.K., Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant no. 2018CDXYCH0014) to D.L., DFG 316045089 to J.L., Massey University Research Fund grant to M.A.M., DFG SCHE 376/38-2 to M.M.P., grant from the Austria Academy of Science: Heritage_2020-043_Modeling-Museum to P.Q., Slovak Scientific Grant Agency: VEGA Nos. 1/0441/03 and 1/3267/06 to N.R., Higher Education Commission of Pakistan to M.I.R., RSF 21-74-00126 to R.A.S., Austrian Federal Government and European Union (Rural Development 2014-2020) to J.S., АААА-А17-122040600025-2 to A.A.T., Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq (grant no. 152717/2016-1) to B.R.W., 309030/2018-8 to D.Z. and 305426/2018-4 to B.C.B., National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970434, 31772491) to N.N.G., Research and Innovation Support Foundation of Santa Catarina (FAPESC) (6.309/2011-6/FAPESC) and the CNPq (563251/2010-7/CNPq) to L.C.I.O.F., O.K.-F., the Latvian Council of Science Grants no. 90.108, 93.140, 96.0110, 01.0344 to E.J., CNPq for the Research Productivity Grant (305939/2018-1) to D.B., FPI-MICINN grant in the project INTERCAPA (CGL2014-56739-R) to P.H, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to Z.L., Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary TKP2021-NKTA-43 to D.W. Authors are grateful to Penelope Greenslade for providing the literature on Australian Collembola communities. Authors are grateful to Frans Janssens for providing the global checklist of Collembola.
Published: 2023
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30. Virtual reality and neuropsychological assessment: an analysis of human factors influencing performance and perceived mental effort

Author: A. Maneuvrier, H. Ceyte, P. Renaud, R. Morello, P. Fleury, L. M. Decker, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Réalité Virtuelle (CIREVE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Développement, Adaptation et Handicap. Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité (DevAH), Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Unité de Biostatistique et de Recherche Clinique (UBRC), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Mobilités : Vieillissement, Pathologie, Santé (COMETE), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Human-Computer Interaction, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Executive control of attention, Sense of presence, Cybersickness, Field dependence–independence, Video game experience, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Software
Abstract: International audience; This study aimed to compare a neuropsychological test tapping into executive control function, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), performed in either traditional paper-and-pencil (PP) or virtual reality (VR) modality, and to determine the role of human factors (i.e., sense of presence, cybersickness, field (in)dependence and video game experience) as contributors to performance and perceived mental effort. Indeed, if virtual assessment might bring the ecological dimension to controlled laboratory research, it is often suggested that human factors might bias performance. WCST performance and its associated perceived mental effort were compared between the two modalities (N = 107). In the VR modality (N= 52), a correlation matrix was conducted as well as a cluster analysis in order to build two experimental groups, or profiles, based on their subjective experience of VR. WCST performance and perceived mental effort were then compared between these two groups while controlling for age and education. Results outlined a similar WCST performance and perceived mental effort between the PP and VR modalities. However, when comparing the two VR groups, results suggest that an unfavorable profile for VR, i.e., less sense of presence, more cybersickness, more visual field dependence and less video game experience, is associated with greater perceived mental effort. These experimental findings enable outlining a new conceptual and methodological framework for the assessment of executive control task performance in VR. Results could help users to take human factors into consideration in order to fully exploit or predict the benefits of this tool.
Published: 2023
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31. Computing Without Communicating: Ring Exploration by Asynchronous Oblivious Robots

Author: Andrzej Pelc, Nicola Santoro, David Ilcinkas, Paola Flocchini, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Algorithmics for computationally intensive applications over wide scale distributed platforms (CEPAGE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), School of Computer Science [Ottawa], Carleton University, Distributed Computing Research Group [Ottawa], This work was done during the stay of David Ilcinkas at the Research Chair in Distributed Computing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais and at the University of Ottawa, as a postdoctoral fellow. Andrzej Pelc was partially supported by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais, Paola Flocchini was partially supported by the University Research Chair of the University of Ottawa. This work was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada under Discovery grants., Eduardo Tovar, Philippas Tsigas, Hacène Fouchal, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest
Subjects: Theoretical computer science, General Computer Science, Computer science, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 02 engineering and technology, 0102 computer and information sciences, exploration, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science::Robotics, oblivious, mobile robots, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics, Discrete mathematics, asynchronous, Ring (mathematics), Plane (geometry), Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Mobile robot, Binary logarithm, Computer Science Applications, Arbitrarily large, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Asynchronous communication, Theory of computation, Robot, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], ring, Universe (mathematics)
Abstract: International audience; We consider the problem of exploring an anonymous unoriented ring by a team of k identical, oblivious, asynchronous mobile robots that can view the environment but cannot communicate. This weak scenario is standard when the spatial universe in which the robots operate is the two-dimensional plane, but (with one exception) has not been investigated before for networks. Our results imply that, although these weak capabilities of robots render the problem considerably more difficult, ring exploration by a small team of robots is still possible. We first show that, when k and n are not co-prime, the problem is not solvable in general, e.g., if k divides n there are initial placements of the robots for which gathering is impossible. We then prove that the problem is always solvable provided that n and k are co-prime, for k >= 17, by giving an exploration algorithm that always terminates, starting from arbitrary initial configurations. Finally, we consider the minimum number rho(n) of robots that can explore a ring of size n. As a consequence of our positive result we show that rho(n) is O(log n). We additionally prove that Omega(log n) robots are necessary for infinitely many n.
Published: 2013
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32. Évaluation indirecte de la capacité aérobie d’adolescents obèses : intérêt d’un test de course à pied intermittent court, progressif et maximal

Author: D. Rossi, Caroline Nicol, Olivier Rey, Christophe Maïano, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Jean-Marc Vallier, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Soin de suite et de réadaptation, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 4. Education, Intermittent, Rehabilitation, Running test, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030229 sport sciences, Adolescents, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Continu, Test de course, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Obesity, Obésité, Continuous
Abstract: International audience; Aim: Examine the interest of progressive intermittent running test (15-15) entitled Spartacus to assess indirectly the global level of aerobic capacity of obese adolescents in comparison with the continuous Shuttle run test.Methods: Forty-three obese adolescents (33 girls and 10 boys) performed the two tests. Differences according to the “test”, “sex” and the interaction “test × sex” have been assessed for the maximum heart rate (HRmax), the final running speed, the total and net running durations and the perceived effort.Results and discussion: The results did not reveal any significant inter-test differences for FCmax and the perceived effort. As compared to the Shuttle run test, the Spartacus led to a 20% increased final running speed (11.5 vs. 9.4 km/h) and a 3.3 times longer total running duration (17.3 vs. 5.3 min) for a 1.7 times longer net exercise duration (8.7 vs. 5.3 min, P < 0.001). The results were neither significantly influenced by the “sex” nor by the “test × sex” interaction.Conclusion: The Spartacus intermittent test allowed obese adolescents to reach a similar psychophysiological state effort at the end of the run while producing an increased performance in both speed and duration.; Objectifs: Déterminer l’intérêt du test intermittent progressif de type 15-15 appelé Spartacus pour mesurer indirectement le niveau global de capacité aérobie d’adolescents obèses en le comparant au test continu Navette.Patients et méthodes: Quarante-trois adolescents obèses (33 filles et 10 garçons) ont réalisé les deux tests. L’influence du « type de test », du « sexe » et de leur interaction a été évaluée sur la fréquence cardiaque maximale (FCmax), la vitesse de fin de test, les durées totale de test et nette de course, et la difficulté perçue.Résultats: Les résultats ne montrent pas de différence significative inter-tests pour la FCmax et la difficulté perçue. Comparé au test Navette, le Spartacus permet d’obtenir une vitesse finale 20 % supérieure (11,5 vs. 9,4 km/h) et une durée totale de test 3,3 fois plus longue (17,3 vs. 5,3 min) pour une durée nette de course 1,7 fois supérieure (8,7 vs. 5,3 min) (p < 0,001). Il n’y a pas d’effets significatifs du « sexe » ni de l’interaction « type de test × sexe ».Conclusion: Le test Spartacus permet d’atteindre un même état psychophysiologique maximal en produisant une vitesse de course et une durée totale de test supérieures.
Published: 2013
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33. Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 December 2009-31 January 2010

Author: Anderson, Cynthia M., Aparicio, Gallego J., Atangana, Alain R., Beaulieu, Jean, Bruford, Michael W., Cain, Forest, Campos, T., Cariani, A., Carvalho, M.A., Chen, Nan, Chen, P.P., Clamens, Anne-Laure, Clark, Ann M., Coeur D'Acier, A., Connolly, Paul, Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo, Coughlan, James P., Cross, Thomas S., DAVID, Bruno, De Bruyn, Colin, De Meyer, M., De Ridder, Chantal, Delatte, Hélène, Dettori, M.T., Downer, S.J., Dubreuil, Christine, Evans, K.J., Fan, Bin, Ferrara, G., Gagné, André, Gaillard, Maria, Gigliarelli, L., Giovinazzi, J., Gomez, D.R., Grünwald, N.J., Hansson, Bengt, Huotari, T., Jank, L., Jousselin, Emmanuelle, Jungmann, L., Kaczmarek, M.E., Khasa, Damase P., Kneebone, Jeff, Korpelainen, H., Kostamo, K., Lanfaloni, L., Lin, Haoran, Liu, Xiaochun, Lucentini, L., Maes, G.E., Mahaffee, W.F., Meng, Zining, Micali, S., Milano, I., Mok, H.F., Morin, L., Neill, T.M., Newton, Craig H., Ostrow, D. Gigi, Palomba, A., Panara, F., Puletti, M.E., Quarta, R., Quilici, Serge, Ramos, A.K.B., Rigaud, Thierry, Risterucci, Ange Marie, Salomon, Matthew P., Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A., Sarver, Shane K., Sequeira, A.S., Sforça, D.A., Simiand, Christophe, Smith, Brian, Sousa, A.C.B., Souza, A.P., Stepien, C.C., Stuckert, A.J., Sulikowski, James, Tayeh, A., Tinti, F., Tsang, Paul C.W., Van Houdt, J.K.J., Vendramin, E., Verde, I., Virgilio, M., Wang, Huan L., Wang, Le, Wattier, Rémi A., Wellenreuther, Maren, Xie, Cong X., Zane, L., Zhang, Xiu J., Zhang, Yong, Zhuang, Zhimeng, Zucchi, M.I., Center for the Conservation of Biological Resources, Black Hills State University, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética (CBMEG), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Department of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] (MAPA), Governo do Brasil-Governo do Brasil, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, ministry of education-Huazhong Agricultural University, Department of Biological Sciences [Wellesley], Wellesley College, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Marine Institute, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Department of Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science, University College Cork (UCC), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire de Biologie marine, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Centro di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura, CRA, Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU), Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), CSIRO Entomology [Canberra], CSIRO Entomology, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Department of Animal Ecology, Lund University [Lund], Department of Applied Biology, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Vizon SciTecInc., Department of Biology [Gainesville] (UF|Biology), Polymorphismes d'intérêt agronomique (UMR PIA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Biologia Vegetal (DBV), Marine Science Center, University of New England (UNE), Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Department of Biology, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Pólo Apta Centro Sul, CYNTHIA M. ANDERSON, GALLEGO J. APARICIO, ALAIN R. ATANGANA, JEAN BEAULIEU, M.W. BRUFORD, FORREST CAIN, T. CAMPOS, A. CARIANI, M.A. CARVALHO, NAN CHEN, P.P. CHEN, A.-L. CLAMENS, ANN M. CLARK, A. COEUR D’ACIER, PAUL CONNOLLY, ADOLFO CORDERO-RIVERA, JAMES P. COUGHLAN, THOMAS S. CROSS, BRUNO DAVID, COLIN DE BRUYN, M. DE MEYER, CHANTAL DE RIDDER, H. DELATTE, M.T. DETTORI, S.J. DOWNER, CHRISTINE DUBREUIL, K.J. EVANS, BIN FAN, G. FERRARA, ANDRÉ GAGNÉ, MARIA GAILLARD, L. GIGLIARELLI, J. GIOVINAZZI, D.R. GOMEZ, N.J. GRÜNWALD, BENGT HANSSON, T. HUOTARI, L. JANK, E. JOUSSELIN, L. JUNGMANN, M.E. KACZMAREK, DAMASE P. KHASA, JEFF KNEEBONE, H. KORPELAINEN, K. KOSTAMO, L. LANFALONI, HAORAN LIN, XIAOCHUN LIU, L. LUCENTINI, G.E. MAES, W.F. MAHAFFEE, ZINING MENG, S. MICALI, I. MILANO, H.F. MOK, L. MORIN, T.M. NEILL, CRAIG H. NEWTON, D. GIGI OSTROW, A. PALOMBA, F. PANARA, M.E. PULETTI, R. QUARTA, S. QUILICI, A.K.B. RAMOS, THIERRY RIGAUD, A.M. RISTERUCCI, MATTHEW P. SALOMON, ROSA A. SÁNCHEZ-GUILLÉN, SHANE K. SARVER, A.S. SEQUEIRA, D.A. SFORÇA, C. SIMIAND, BRIAN SMITH, A.C.B. SOUSA, A.P. SOUZA, C.C. STEPIEN, A.J. STUCKERT, JAMES SULIKOWSKI, A. TAYEH, F. TINTI, PAUL C.W. TSANG, J.K.J. VAN HOUDT, E. VENDRAMIN, I. VERDE, M. VIRGILIO, HUAN L. WANG, LE WANG, RÉMI A. WATTIER, MAREN WELLENREUTHER, CONG X. XIE, L. ZANE, XIU J. ZHANG, YONG ZHANG, ZHIMENG ZHUANG, M.I. ZUCCHI, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université McGill -Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, University of Florida [Gainesville], Universidate de Vigo, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Centre d'étude de la forêt ( CEF ), Université Laval, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - CFS (CANADA)-Laurentian Forestry Centre, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética ( CBMEG ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas ( UNICAMP ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária ( Embrapa ), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations ( CBGP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), University College Cork ( UCC ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] ( ULB ), Royal Museum for Central Africa, UMR Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical ( UMR PVBMT - Université de La Réunion ), Université de la Réunion ( UR ), University of Tasmania, Sun Yat-Sen University, Università degli Studi di Perugia ( UNIPG ), USDA-ARS, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), The Finnish Environment Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Polymorphismes d'intérêt agronomique ( PIA ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Departamento de Biologia Vegetal ( DBV ), University of New England ( UNE ), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), and Universita degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua = Université de Padoue
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, microsatellite, Population genetics, Conservation Genetic, Allanblackia, Atlantic bluefin tuna, computer.software_genre, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pistacia terebinthus, microsatellites, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Genetics, Bactrocera, EST, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Database, biology, Pistacia, Thunnu, Animal, Ceratitis rosa, Ceratitis capitata, L10 - Génétique et amélioration des animaux, biology.organism_classification, Ischnura, Allanblackia floribunda, Fish, Genetic markers, Plante, GENETIQUE DES POPULATIONS, [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, computer, ECOLOGIE, Biotechnology
Abstract: 4 pages; International audience; This article documents the addition of 220 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Allanblackia floribunda, Amblyraja radiata, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Calopogonium mucunoides, Dissodactylus primitivus, Elodea canadensis, Ephydatia fluviatilis, Galapaganus howdenae howdenae, Hoplostethus atlanticus, Ischnura elegans, Larimichthys polyactis, Opheodrys vernalis, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Phragmidium violaceum, Pistacia vera, and Thunnus thynnus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Allanblackia gabonensis, Allanblackia stanerana, Neoceratitis cyanescens, Dacus ciliatus, Dacus demmerezi, Bactrocera zonata, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis rosa, Ceratits catoirii, Dacus punctatifrons, Ephydatia mülleri, Spongilla lacustris, Geodia cydonium, Axinella sp., Ischnura graellsii, Ischnura ramburii, Ischnura pumilio, Pistacia integerrima and Pistacia terebinthus.
Published: 2010
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34. Multicriteria reinforcement learning based on a russian doll method for network routing

Author: Alain Petrowski, Ilham Benyahia, Sebastien Houcke, Farouk Aissanou, Télécom Bretagne, Bibliothèque, Département Réseaux et Services Multimédia Mobiles (RS2M), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Laboratoire de recherche en sécurité informatique (LRSI), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_COM, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Signal et Communications (SC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Réseaux et Services Multimédia Mobiles ( RS2M ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Télécom SudParis ( TSP ), Laboratoire de recherche en sécurité informatique ( LRSI ), Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) ( Lab-STICC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Signal et Communications ( SC ), and Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Wireless ad hoc network, business.industry, Pareto principle, Mobile computing, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 16. Peace & justice, Multiple-criteria decision analysis, IDMA, Multi-objective optimization, Chebyshev distance, Russian doll routing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Reinforcement learning, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Minification, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Routing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; The routing in communication networks is typically a multicriteria decision making (MCDM) problem. However, setting the parameters of most used MCDM methods to fit the preferences of a decision maker is often a difficult task. A Russian doll method able to choose the best multicriteria solution according to a context defined beforehand is proposed. This context is given by a set of nested boxes in the criteria space, the shapes of which can be established from objective facts such as technical standards, technical specifications, etc. This kind of method is well suited for self-adaptive systems because it is designed to be able to give pertinent results without interaction with a decision maker, whatever the Pareto front. The Russian doll multicriteria decision method is used with a reinforcement learning to optimize the routing in a mobile ad-hoc network. The results on a case study show that the routing can be finely controlled because of the possibility to include as much parameters as desired to adjust the search of the best solution on Pareto fronts a priori unknown. These results are clearly better than those obtained with the optimization of a weighted sum or the minimization of a Chebyshev distance to a reference point.
Published: 2010

35. Children’s pictures of COVID-19 and measures to mitigate its spread: An international qualitative study

Author: Karen Ford, Maria Forsner, Margaretha Jenholt Nolbris, Begonya Nafria, Jo Protheroe, Lucy Blake, Bernie Carter, Lucy Bray, Charlotte Ångström-Brännström, Steve Campbell, Fanny Robichaud, Anna Clara Rullander, Marla Andréia Garcia de Avila, Jennifer Kirton, Holly Saron, Edge Hill University, Keele University, Esplugues de Llobregat, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Umeå University, University of Tasmania, Université du Québec en Outaouais, University of Gothenburg, and Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), HA, Nursing, 03 medical and health sciences, pictures, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Pandemic, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, Children, health-related knowledge, business.industry, Omvårdnad, pandemic, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, H1, business, Qualitative research
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:01:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Objectives: To gain insight into children’s health-related knowledge and understanding of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) and COVID-19, and measures adopted to mitigate transmission. Design: A child-centred qualitative creative element embedded in an online mixed-methods survey of children aged 7–12 years. Setting: Children participated in the study in six countries – the UK, Australia, Sweden, Brazil, Spain and Canada. Method: A qualitative creative component, embedded in an online survey, prompted children to draw and label a picture. Children were recruited via their parents using the researchers’ professional social media accounts, through known contacts, media and websites from health organisations within each country. Analysis of the form and content of the children’s pictures took place. Results: A total of 128 children (mean age 9.2 years) submitted either a hand-drawn (n = 111) or digitally created (n = 17) picture. Four main themes were identified which related to children’s health-related knowledge of (1) COVID-19 and how it is transmitted; (2) measures and actions to mitigate transmission; (3) places of safety during the pandemic; and (4) children’s role in mitigating COVID-19 transmission. Conclusion: Children’s pictures indicated a good understanding of the virus, how it spreads and how to mitigate transmission. Children depicted their actions during the pandemic as protecting themselves, their families and wider society. Faculty of Health Social Care Medicine Edge Hill University Keele Medical School Keele University Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute Esplugues de Llobregat Department of Nursing Botucatu Medical School UNESP – São Paulo State University Department of Nursing Umeå University School of Nursing University of Tasmania Département des sciences infirmières Université du Québec en Outaouais Institute of Health and Care Sciences Centre for Person-Centred Care Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital Department of Nursing Botucatu Medical School UNESP – São Paulo State University
Published: 2021
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36. Impact of Asynchrony on the Behavior of Rational Selfish Agents

Author: Ilcinkas, David, Pelc, Andrzej, Ilcinkas, David, Blanc - Algorithm Design and Analysis for Implicitly and Incompletely Defined Interaction Networks - - ALADDIN2007 - ANR-07-BLAN-0322 - BLANC - VALID, Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), This research was done during the stay of David Ilcinkas at the Université du Québec en Outaouais as a postdoctoral fellow. Research partially supported by NSERC grant and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing at the Université du Québec en Outaouais., and ANR-07-BLAN-0322,ALADDIN,Algorithm Design and Analysis for Implicitly and Incompletely Defined Interaction Networks(2007)
Subjects: TheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUS, Computer Science::Computer Science and Game Theory, [INFO.INFO-GT]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Science and Game Theory [cs.GT], ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, [INFO.INFO-GT] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Science and Game Theory [cs.GT], [INFO.INFO-DC] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], TheoryofComputation_GENERAL, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Nash equilibrium, asynchronous game, Selfish agent
Abstract: International audience; The behavior of rational selfish agents has been classically studied in the framework of strategic games in which each player has a set of possible actions, players choose actions simultaneously and the payoff for each player is determined by the matrix of the game. However, in many applications, players choose actions asynchronously, and simultaneity of this process is not guaranteed: it is possible that a player learns the action of another player before making its choice. Delays of choices are controled by the adversary and each player can only secure the worst-case payoff over the adversary's decisions. In this paper we consider such asynchronous versions of arbitrary two-person strategic games and we study how the presence of the asynchronous adversary influences the behavior of the players, assumed to be selfish but rational. We concentrate on deterministic (pure) strategies, and in particular, on the existence and characteristics of pure Nash equilibria in such games. It turns out that the rational behavior of players changes significantly if the decision process is asynchronous. We show that pure Nash equilibria often exist in the asynchronous version of the game even if there were no such equilibria in the synchronous game. We also show that a mere threat of asynchrony in the game may make social optimum a rational choice while it was not rational in the synchronous game.
Published: 2008

37. Distributed Computing with Advice: Information Sensitivity of Graph Coloring

Author: Andrzej Pelc, Cyril Gavoille, Pierre Fraigniaud, David Ilcinkas, Laboratoire d'informatique Algorithmique : Fondements et Applications (LIAFA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Algorithmics for computationally intensive applications over wide scale distributed platforms (CEPAGE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), See paper for details., ANR-07-BLAN-0322,ALADDIN,Algorithm Design and Analysis for Implicitly and Incompletely Defined Interaction Networks(2007), Andrzej Pelc was supported in part by NSERC discovery grant and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais., Lars Arge, Christian Cachin, Tomasz Jurdzinski, Andrzej Tarlecki, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest
Subjects: Network algorithms, Theoretical computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Computation, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, network algorithm, 01 natural sciences, Oracle, Theoretical Computer Science, Distributed coloring, Greedy coloring, distributed computing, graph coloring, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Graph coloring, Advice, Computer communication networks, Information sensitivity, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Hardware and Architecture, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Theory of computation, Graph (abstract data type), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC]
Abstract: International audience; We study the problem of the amount of information (advice) about a graph that must be given to its nodes in order to achieve fast distributed computations. The required size of the advice enables to measure the information sensitivity of a network problem. A problem is information sensitive if little advice is enough to solve the problem rapidly (i.e., much faster than in the absence of any advice), whereas it is information insensitive if it requires giving a lot of information to the nodes in order to ensure fast computation of the solution. In this paper, we study the information sensitivity of distributed graph coloring.
Published: 2007
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38. Oracle size

Author: Andrzej Pelc, David Ilcinkas, Pierre Fraigniaud, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), and Pierre Fraigniaud and David Ilcinkas were supported by the projects PairAPair of the ACI Masses de Données, and FRAGILE of the ACI Sécurité Informatique. Additional support from the INRIA project ``Grand Large'. Andrzej Pelc was supported in part by NSERC discovery grant and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais.
Subjects: Theoretical computer science, Computer science, Node (networking), ACM C.2.1, ACM G.2.2, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Network topology, 01 natural sciences, Telecommunications network, Oracle, Task (computing), 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Broadcast communication network, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Advice, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Wakeup, Time complexity, Dissemination, Broadcast
Abstract: International audience; We study the problem of the amount of knowledge about a communication network that must be given to its nodes in order to efficiently disseminate information. While previous results about communication in networks used particular partial information available to nodes, such as the knowledge of the neighborhood or the knowledge of the network topology within some radius, our approach is {\em quantitative}: we investigate the minimum total number of bits of information (minimum oracle size) that has to be available to nodes in order to perform efficient communication. It turns out that the minimum oracle size for which a distributed task can be accomplished efficiently, can serve as a measure of the difficulty of this task. We use this measure to make a quantitative distinction between the difficulty of two apparently similar fundamental communication primitives: the broadcast and the wakeup. In both of them a distinguished node, called the source, has a message, which has to be transmitted to all other nodes of the network. In the wakeup, only nodes that already got the source message (i.e., are awake) can send messages to their neighbors, thus waking them up. In the broadcast, all nodes can send control messages even before getting the source message, thus potentially facilitating its future dissemination. In both cases we are interested in accomplishing the communication task with optimal message complexity, i.e., using a number of messages linear in the number of nodes. We show that the minimum oracle size permitting the {\em wakeup} with a linear number of messages in a $n$-node network, is $\Theta (n \log n)$, while the {\em broadcast} with a linear number of messages can be achieved with an oracle of size $O(n)$. We also show that the latter oracle size is almost optimal: no oracle of size $o(n)$ can permit to broadcast with a linear number of messages. Thus an efficient wakeup requires strictly more information about the network than an efficient broadcast.
Published: 2006
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39. Tree Exploration with an Oracle

Author: Andrzej Pelc, David Ilcinkas, Pierre Fraigniaud, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Pierre Fraigniaud and David Ilcinkas were partially supported by the projects PairAPair of the ACI Masses de Données, and FRAGILE of the ACI Sécurité Informatique. Additional support from the INRIA project 'Grand Large'. Andrzej Pelc was partially supported by NSERC discovery grant and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais. This work was done during the visit of Andrzej Pelc at LRI. Additional supports from the Ministère des Relations Internationales du Québec, from University of Paris-Sud, and from the project PairAPair of the ACI Masses de Données., and Rastislav Královic, Paweł Urzyczyn
Subjects: Mobile entity, 020203 distributed computing, Traverse, Competitive analysis, Computer science, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Telecommunications network, Oracle, Graph exploration, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Shortest path problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Robot, Advice, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Binary strings, Algorithm
Abstract: International audience; We study the amount of knowledge about the network that is required in order to efficiently solve a task concerning this network. The impact of available information on the efficiency of solving network problems, such as communication or exploration, has been investigated before but assumptions concerned availability of {\em particular} items of information about the network, such as the size, the diameter, or a map of the network. In contrast, our approach is {\em quantitative}: we investigate the minimum number of bits of information (minimum oracle size) that has to be given to an algorithm in order to perform a task with given efficiency. We illustrate this quantitative approach to available knowledge by the task of tree exploration. A mobile entity (robot) has to traverse all edges of an unknown tree, using as few edge traversals as possible. The quality of an exploration algorithm $\cA$ is measured by its {\em competitive ratio}, i.e., by comparing its cost (number of edge traversals) to the length of the shortest path containing all edges of the tree. Depth-First-Search has competitive ratio 2 and, in the absence of any information about the tree, no algorithm can beat this value. We determine the minimum number of bits of information that has to be given to an exploration algorithm in order to achieve competitive ratio strictly smaller than 2. Our main result establishes an exact threshold oracle size that turns out to be roughly $\log \log D$, where $D$ is the diameter of the tree. More precisely, for any constant $c$, we construct an exploration algorithm with competitive ratio smaller than 2, using an oracle of size at most $\log \log D -c$, and we show that every algorithm using an oracle of size $\log \log D -g(D)$, for any function $g$ unbounded from above, has competitive ratio at least 2.
Published: 2006
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40. The early bud gets the cold: spring phenology drives exposure to late frost

Author: Mura, Claudio, Buttò, Valentina, Silvestro, Roberto, Deslauriers, Annie, Charrier, Guillaume, Raymond, Patricia, Rossi, Sergio, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs du Québec, and Convention Samuel de Champlain 2022/039 (France-Québec)
Subjects: [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

41. On Convergence and Threshold Properties of Discrete Lotka-Volterra Population Protocols

Author: Adrian Kosowski, Przemyslaw Uznanski, Leszek Gasieniec, Jurek Czyzowicz, Paul G. Spirakis, Evangelos Kranakis, Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Department of Computer Science [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, Networks, Graphs and Algorithms (GANG), Laboratoire d'informatique Algorithmique : Fondements et Applications (LIAFA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Paris-Rocquencourt, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), School of Computer Science [Ottawa], Carleton University, Research Academic Computer Technology institute [Patras] (RA-CTI), Department of Information and Computer Science [Aalto], Helsinki Institute for Information Technology (HIIT), Aalto University-University of Helsinki-Aalto University-University of Helsinki, ANR-11-BS02-0014,DISPLEXITY,Calculabilité et complexité en distribué(2011), and Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Aalto University-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Aalto University
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, education.field_of_study, General Computer Science, Discrete dynamics, Computer Networks and Communications, Applied Mathematics, Population, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Type (model theory), Theoretical Computer Science, Combinatorics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Linear term, Convergence (routing), Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS), education, Natural class, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; In this work we focus on a natural class of population protocols whose dynamics are modelled by the discrete version of Lotka-Volterra equations. In such protocols, when an agent $a$ of type (species) $i$ interacts with an agent $b$ of type (species) $j$ with $a$ as the initiator, then $b$'s type becomes $i$ with probability $P_{ij}$. In such an interaction, we think of $a$ as the predator, $b$ as the prey, and the type of the prey is either converted to that of the predator or stays as is. Such protocols capture the dynamics of some opinion spreading models andgeneralize the well-known Rock-Paper-Scissors discrete dynamics. We consider the pairwise interactions among agents that are scheduled uniformly at random.We start by considering the convergence time and show that any Lotka-Volterra-type protocol on an $n$-agent population converges to some absorbing state in time polynomial in $n$, w.h.p., when any pair of agents is allowed to interact. By contrast, when the interaction graph is a star, even the Rock-Paper-Scissors protocol requires exponential time to converge. We then study threshold effects exhibited by Lotka-Volterra-type protocols with 3 and more species under interactions between any pair of agents. We start by presenting a simple 4-type protocol in which the probability difference of reaching the two possible absorbing states is strongly amplified by the ratio of the initial populations of the two other types, which are transient, but ``control'' convergence. We then prove that the Rock-Paper-Scissors protocol reaches each of its three possible absorbing states with almost equal probability, starting from any configuration satisfying some sub-linear lower bound on the initial size of each species. That is, Rock-Paper-Scissors is a realization of a ``coin-flip consensus'' in a distributed system. Some of our techniques may be of independent value.
Published: 2022
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42. Exploration de réseaux par un robot

Author: Fraigniaud, Pierre, Ilcinkas, David, Peer, Guy, Pelc, Andrzej, Peleg, David, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics [Rehovot], Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Département d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie (DII), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), P. Fraigniaud and D. Ilcinkas are supported by the project ``PairAPair' of the ACI Masses de Données, A.~Pelc is supported in part by NSERC grant OGP 0008136 and by the Research Chair in Distributed Computing of the Université du Québec en Outaouais., and Ilcinkas, David
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-DC] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC]
Abstract: National audience; Cet article traite de l'exploration d'un réseau par un agent mobile, ou {\em robot}, modélisé par un automate fini. Le réseau est anonyme, au sens que les nœuds ne disposent pas nécessairement d'un étiquetage global. Le robot ne dispose pas de connaissances préalables sur la topologie du réseau, ni même sur sa taille. Sa tâche consiste à traverser chacun des liens du réseau. Nous montrons que, pour tout robot à $K$ états, et pour tout $d\geq 3$, il existe un réseau de degré maximum $d$ et d'au plus $K+1$ nœuds que le robot ne réussit pas à explorer. Cette borne $K+1$ améliore toutes les bornes connues jusqu'aujourd'hui. Nous montrons également que, pour explorer tous les graphes de diamètre $D$ et de degré maximum $d$, un robot doit disposer de $\Omega(D\log{d})$ bits de mémoire, et ce même si l'on restreint l'exploration aux réseaux planaires. Enfin, nous montrons que cette borne est asymptotiquement optimale, en décrivant un algorithme qui permet à un robot possédant une mémoire de $O(D\log{d})$ bits d'explorer tous les réseaux de diamètre $D$ et de degré maximum $d$. Ceci nous permet donc de conclure que la complexité mémoire du problème de l'exploration de réseaux est $\Theta(D\log{d})$ bits.
Published: 2004

43. Business Ecosystem: How a Scientific and Commercial Activity Survive Turbulence

Author: Harbour, Michelle, Gauthier, Jacques-Bernard, and Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)
Subjects: Business ecosystem, JEL: M - Business Administration and Business Economics • Marketing • Accounting • Personnel Economics, publishing, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, scientific periodicals, JEL: L - Industrial Organization, cooperation strategies
Abstract: The communication of scientific knowledge through the publications of scientific periodicals is organized in a complex and dynamic business ecosystem where convergent and divergent objectives coexist. The purpose of this paper is to study the cooperation strategies that ensure the maintenance and development of this business ecosystem. Our results show the coexistence of three cooperation strategies: homeostatic cooperation, pressure cooperation and adaptation cooperation. Our study provides two main contributions. First, we now have a new perspective the strategic dynamics of this business ecosystem. We have seen that the publication of scientific periodicals is an expanding community business ecosystem, through the active role of the actors in the different strata of this ecosystem. We also found that these actors can act on different cooperation strategies simultaneously. Second, the identification of three types of cooperation strategies mobilized by stakeholders is also an important contribution to the literature on business ecosystems and to the literature on cooperation strategies.; La communication des connaissances scientifiques par le biais des revues savantes est organisée en un écosystème d'affaires complexe et dynamique où coexistent des objectifs convergents et divergents. Le but de ce papier est d'étudier les stratégies de coopération qui assurent le maintient et le développement de cet écosystème d'affaires. Nous résultats montrent la coexistence de trois stratégies de coopération : des coopération homéostatiques, des coopérations de pression et des coopérations d'adaptation. Deux principales contributions émergent de nos résultats. Notre première contribution est que notre étude offre une nouvelle perspectives sur la dynamique stratégique d'un écosystème d'affaires. En effet, nous avons vu que la publication de périodiques scientifique est un écosystème d'affaires identifié comme une communauté d'affaires par le rôle actif des différents acteurs dans plusieurs strates de cet écosystème. Nous avons constaté que plusieurs acteurs mobilisent plusieurs stratégies de coopération et ce, simultanément. Notre seconde contribution consiste en l'identification de trois types de stratégies de coopération.
Published: 2022

44. The rigor-relevance gap in Project Management research: It's time to stop the lament and think and act reflexively

Author: Gauthier, Jacques-Bernard, Ika, Lavagnon, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), École de gestion Telfer / Université d'Ottawa, and University of Ottawa [Ottawa]
Subjects: Reflexivity, Ontology, Project Management Research, Rigor, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Epistemology, Social Theory, Relevance
Abstract: Over the last decades, the "rigor-relevance gap" has garnered attention in Project Management (PM) research. In this paper, we argue that reflexivity can help produce more relevant and rigorous research and we invite scholars to stop sitting on the sidelines only to lament such a gap. In our clarion call to overcoming the gap, we challenge scholars to take an active and competent part. To that end, we outline typical reflexive questions along with four main pillars that scholars ought to take into account: 1) the status of the PM knowledge field; 2) the evolution of PM through historical periods of thoughts; 3) PM and social theory; and 4) ontological and epistemological assumptions. We also showcase the dialectical interplay not only between sociology and PM but also among these interdependent pillars. Finally, we conclude that such an interplay offers the best opportunity to overcome the rigor-relevance gap in PM.
Published: 2022

45. German, Portuguese and Spanish Versions of the Revised Short Form of the Physical Self-Inventory (PSI-S- R )

Author: Christophe Maïano, Alexandre J. S. Morin, Maike Tietjens, Tânia Bastos, Maxime Luiggi, Rui Corredeira, Jean Griffet, David Sánchez-Oliva, Apprentissage, Didactique, Evaluation, Formation (ADEF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Concordia University [Montreal], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX)
Subjects: physical self-inventory, [SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, exploratory structural equation modeling, ESEM, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physical self-concept, PSI-S
Abstract: International audience; The present study sought to examine the psychometric properties of new German, Portuguese, and Spanish versions of the Revised Short Form of the Physical Self-Inventory (PSI-S-R), and to contrast these properties against those from the original French version of this instrument. Participants (n = 1802) were 288 French youth, 177 German youth, 848 Portuguese youths and 489 Spanish youth. Results from exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) analyses supported the factor validity and reliability of PSI-S-R across the overall sample and each linguistic sample. Subsequent analyses supported the weak, partial strong, and strict invariance of this measure, and revealed a lack of differential item functioning (i.e., measurement bias) as a function of age, body mass index, sex and sport involvement across all linguistic versions. However, latent mean differences were observed as a function of these predictors and countries.
Published: 2022
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46. Preventive support scheme for mathematics learning: possible ways to provide aid before and after the class session

Author: Millon-Fauré, Karine, Marchand, Patricia, Guille-Biel Winder, Claire, Assude, Teresa, Koudogbo, Jeanne, Theis, Laurent, Thibault, Mathieu, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Apprentissage, Didactique, Evaluation, Formation (ADEF), and Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)
Subjects: fractions, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, preventive support scheme, students in difficulty, Didactic system, [MATH]Mathematics [math], [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Since 2013, we have studied a support scheme for students who have difficulties solving mathematical problems. We call this a "preventive support scheme" and are interested in modelling its functions. These interventions take place before and after a specific classroom session, in order to facilitate the students' introduction to the planned learning situation, their involvement in the work required and their appropriation of the target knowledge. The work proposed in this scheme can take various forms and the aim of this communication is to illustrate this point by presenting, for a given situation, different tasks which can be proposed either before or after the classroom session. This study will allow us to highlight the precautions to be taken to design such devices.
Published: 2022

47. Phenology and frost hardiness in sugar maple populations

Author: C Mura, A Deslauriers, S Delagrange, G Charrier, P Raymond, S Rossi, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and Ministere des Forets, de la Faune et des Parcs du Quebec, Quebec, QC, Canada
Subjects: [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

48. Enhancement of A Photovoltaic Inverter Efficiency Using A Shade-Tolerant MPPT

Author: Edris Pouresmaeil, D. R. Espinoza-Trejo, Seyedkazem Hosseini, Shamsodin Taheri, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Renewable Energies for Power Systems, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Maximum power principle, Control theory, Computer science, Subroutine, Photovoltaic system, Irradiance, Inverter, Maximum power point tracking, Energy (signal processing), Voltage
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to implement experimentally a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique on the Solantro DC-PODX Platform under different operating conditions. The MPPT technique operates in two modes. The perturb and observation (P&O) MPPT algorithm functions in a local MPPT mode when PV cells receive uniform irradiance. When the PV array is likely to be partially shaded, a global MPPT (GMPPT) subroutine is called to optimize the PV system operation through finding the absolute peak. The method holds two main features, i.e., i) detecting the occurrence of partial shading on a PV panel using the measurement of the sub-strings voltage and ii) fast and reliable tracking of the true maximum power point. The experimental results confirm that the performance of the PV inverter is considerably enhanced as the partial shading condition (PSC) can be properly detected. In addition, the true peak of the PV array under different PSCs can be reliably tracked, yielding a more efficient PV energy harvest.
Published: 2021

49. Lean and CSR, contradictions and complementarities: Toward an effective managerial solution

Author: Silverster Ivanaj, Alice Friser, Corinne Gendron, Mélanie Collet, ICN Business School, Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises (CEREFIGE), Université de Lorraine (UL), and Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)
Subjects: 05 social sciences, General Business, Management and Accounting, Lean manufacturing, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 8. Economic growth, 0502 economics and business, Corporate social responsibility, 050211 marketing, Business, ISO 26000, Overall performance, Productivity, 050203 business & management, Industrial organization
Abstract: International audience; Lean management is a way for companies to improve their productivity and bring down their costs. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) aims to meet the expectations of stakeholders concerning a company’s impact on the environment and society. Despite their importance, and sometimes their coexistence, companies tend to tackle these two approaches separately. In this study, which employs a qualitative survey of seven companies, we attempt to understand the synergies and possible contradictions between Lean and CSR approaches. Firstly, it is clear that Lean, like CSR, concerns the economy, the environment, and stakeholder relations. Secondly, when combined, these two approaches compensate for their respective shortfalls: Lean management makes it possible to justify CSR on economic and financial levels, and provides CSR with a rigorous methodology in terms of operational management. CSR brings Lean management a way to consolidate its social and environmental benefits, and brings meaning that fosters employee engagement and extends the intervention scope of Lean to external stakeholders. This study also highlights a common key success factor, i.e., a corporate culture aimed at excellence. On this basis, the study recommends the combined implementation of both approaches in order to maximize their respective benefits. Seen from this perspective, CSR could be considered as continuous improvement of the company’s overall performance, the first step of which would be Lean.
Published: 2021
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50. Field (In)dependence Flexibility Following a Virtual Immersion Is Associated With Cybersickness and Sense of Presence

Author: Maneuvrier, A., Decker, L. M., Renaud, P., Ceyte, G., Ceyte, H., Centre Interdisciplinaire de Réalité Virtuelle (CIREVE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Mobilités : Vieillissement, Pathologie, Santé (COMETE), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Développement, Adaptation et Handicap. Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité (DevAH), and Université de Lorraine (UL)
Subjects: flexibility, [SCCO]Cognitive science, field dependence, sense of presence, perceptive style, multisensory integration, virtual reality, cybersickness, General Materials Science, sensory re-weighting virtual reality cybersickness sense of presence field dependence perceptive style flexibility multisensory integration, sensory re-weighting
Abstract: International audience; Field dependence–independence (FDI) is a psychological construct determining an individual’s approach of the perception–cognition coupling. In virtual reality (VR) context, several studies suggest that an individual’s perceptive style is susceptible to shift toward a more FI mode through down-weighting of conflicting visual cues. The present study proposes to investigate the potential flexible nature of FDI following a virtual immersion and to assess if this flexibility might be associated with the subjective experience of VR. 86 participants explored a real-world–like virtual environment for approximately 10 min. FDI levels were measured before and after the VR exposure using the rod-and-frame test. Their subjective experience of VR was measured a posteriori (cybersickness and sense of presence) and used in order to build two experimental groups via a cluster analysis. The results showed that only participants with a poor subjective experience of VR (i.e., a low level of sense of presence associated with a high level of cybersickness) significantly shifted to a more FI mode, which is discussed as a sensory re-weighting mechanism. Pragmatical applications are discussed, and future studies are outlined, based on the conclusion that FDI might be more flexible than we thought, which could shed light on the psychophysiology of VR.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

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