12,205 results on '"Université de Montréal [Montréal]"'
Search Results
2. « Marche ou crève ». De la mobilité à petite et grande échelles dans la construction des carrières d’artistes
- Author
-
Ecole d'été du Cérium "Arts et géographies" (30 mai - 4 juin 2016: Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada), Debroux, Tatiana, Ecole d'été du Cérium "Arts et géographies" (30 mai - 4 juin 2016: Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada), and Debroux, Tatiana
- Abstract
Le thème de l’artiste mobile (ou immobile) peut être décliné de nombreuses manières, tant les déplacements spatiaux occupent – et ont occupé – une place importante dans les trajectoires collectives et individuelles des créateurs. L’injonction à la mobilité dans les carrières d’artistes sera au cœur de cette intervention :y seront discutés les contraintes et les choix influençant les mobilités des artistes tout au long de leur vie professionnelle, et la façon dont celles-ci se traduisent par des inscriptions spatiales singulières, à petite et grande échelle (de l’espace intime du résidentiel aux déplacements professionnels planétaires). A travers une réflexion sur les déplacements des artistes et leurs enjeux, c’est l’espace de vie des créateurs qui se dessine ;ils offrent également un prisme orignal pour étudier la production des espaces urbains à l’échelle locale et internationale., info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
- Published
- 2016
3. Social Citizenship in the European Monetary Union: The Case of Portugal
- Author
-
European Consortium of Political Research (ECPR) General Conference (9: 26-29/08/2015: Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada), Moreira Ramalho, Tiago, European Consortium of Political Research (ECPR) General Conference (9: 26-29/08/2015: Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada), and Moreira Ramalho, Tiago
- Abstract
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
- Published
- 2015
4. Podcasts de cours enregistrés :quels usages pour quels résultats ?
- Author
-
Colloque scientifique international sur les TIC en éducation (3 au 4 mai: Université de Montréal, Montréal), Roland, Nicolas, Uyttebrouck, Eric, De Lièvre, B., Emplit, Philippe, Colloque scientifique international sur les TIC en éducation (3 au 4 mai: Université de Montréal, Montréal), Roland, Nicolas, Uyttebrouck, Eric, De Lièvre, B., and Emplit, Philippe
- Abstract
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
- Published
- 2012
5. ALCAM is a Novel Adhesion Molecule of the Inflammed Endothelium Involved in Leukocyte Trafficking to the Central Nervous System
- Author
-
Cayrol, Romain, Dodelet-Devillers, Aurore, Ifergan, Igal, Haqqani, Arsalan, Kebir, Hania, Stanimirovic, Danica, and Prat, Alexandre
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Independent Signals Within the MHC are Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus—A Family-based SNP Study
- Author
-
Fernando, Michelle, Stevens, Christine, Walsh, Emily, Green, Todd, Sabeti, Pardis, Rioux, John, and Vyse, Tim
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Whole Genome Association Identifies Novel Susceptibility Genes for Crohn's Disease and Implicates a Crucial Role for Autophagy
- Author
-
Rioux, John, Xavier, Ramnik, Taylor, Kent, Goyette, Philippe, Silverberg, Mark, Huett, Alan, Green, Todd, Kuballa, Petric, Barmada, Michael, Datta, Lisa, Shugart, Yin Yao, Jean Bernard, Edmond, Mei, Ling, Nicolae, Dan, Steinhart, Hillary, Rotter, Jerome, Cho, Judy, Daly, Mark, Regueiro, Miguel, Schumm, Philip, Duerr, Richard, and Brant, Steven
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Gouvernance multi-niveaux: le débat européen et ses implications sur les théories de l’intégration et de la démocratie
- Author
-
Chaire de recherche du Canada en Citoyenneté et Gouvernance (7 octobre 2003: Université de Montréal, Montréal), Remacle, Eric, Chaire de recherche du Canada en Citoyenneté et Gouvernance (7 octobre 2003: Université de Montréal, Montréal), and Remacle, Eric
- Abstract
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
9. Gouvernance multi-niveaux: le débat européen et ses implications sur les théories de l’intégration et de la démocratie
- Author
-
Chaire de recherche du Canada en Citoyenneté et Gouvernance (7 octobre 2003: Université de Montréal, Montréal), Remacle, Eric, Chaire de recherche du Canada en Citoyenneté et Gouvernance (7 octobre 2003: Université de Montréal, Montréal), and Remacle, Eric
- Abstract
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
10. Engaging patients in revising the medical training curriculum: a mixed study on integrating the clinical ethics perspective
- Author
-
Flora, Luigi, Karazivan, Philippe, Dumais-Lévesque, Guillaume, Berkesse, Alexandre, Dumez, Vincent, Janvier, Annie, Gagnon, Robert, Payot, Antoine, Centre d'Innovation du Partenariat avec les Patients et le Public, Faculté de médecine, Université Côte d'Azur (CI3P), Faculté de médecine, Université Côte d'Azur, Risques, Epidémiologie, Territoire, INformations, Education et Santé (RETINES), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de Ressources et Résilience (CN2R), Centre de recherche interuniversitaire, Expérience, Ressources Culturelles, Education (EXPERICE), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-LABEX ICCA, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre de recherches juridiques de Paris 8 (CRJP8), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Centre d'Etudes des Solidarités Sociales (Ass.1901) (CESOL), Association, Direction Collaboration et Partenariat Patient, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal (DCPP), Centre d'Excellence du partenariat avec les patients et le Public, CR-CHUM, Université de Montréal (CEPPP, CR-CHUM), Faculté de médecine de l'Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), CAPPS Bretagne (Centre d’Amélioration des Pratiques de Santé), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France, Centre d'Excellence du Partenariat avec les Patients et le Public (CEPPP, CR-CHUM), Bureau de l’éthique clinique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal – Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine 30 (Montréal), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Département de pédiatrie, division de néonatologie, centre de recherche, unité de recherche en étique et médecine de famille, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada (CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal), Bureau de l’évaluation, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Bureau de l’éthique clinique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Bureau de l’éthique clinique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal – Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine (Montréal), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Département de pédiatrie, division de néonatologie, centre de recherche, unité de recherche en étique et médecine de famille, 27 Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Québec, and Bureau de l’éthique clinique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Canada
- Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2020
11. Barriers to physical activity in coronary artery disease patients: Development and validation of a new scale
- Author
-
Martin Juneau, Vincent Gremeaux, Charles Joussain, Davy Laroche, B. D’antono, J. Joubert, Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées ( END-ICAP ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Pôle Rééducation - Réadaptation (Médecine Physique et Réadaptation) (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie ( CIC-P803 ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Département de Psychologie [Montréal], Université de Montréal [Montréal], Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal ( UdeM ), Department of Medicine, Montreal, Université de Montréal, Centre EPIC [Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal], Université de Montréal [Montréal]-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), and Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychometrics ,Neuropsychological Tests ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Coronary artery disease ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Validity ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Cronbach's alpha ,medicine ,Content validity ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,Exercise ,Reliability (statistics) ,Face validity ,Principal Component Analysis ,Physical activity ,Questionnaire ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Reproducibility of Results ,Construct validity ,[ SDV.MHEP.CSC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Reliability ,Scale (social sciences) ,Physical therapy ,Anxiety ,Female ,Self Report ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Barriers ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective To develop and validate a self-report questionnaire to measure barriers to regular physical activity (PA) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Phase 1: 17 patients completed a semi-structured interview. After grouping and reformulating the reported barriers, their pertinence was reevaluated by the patients. Then, a decision algorithm was used to select items. A principal component analysis was performed to determine content validity. Phase 2: 49 patients completed the questionnaire resulting from phase 1 twice, 7 days apart, and questionnaires to evaluate depression, anxiety, and the level of physical activity. Construct validity was evaluated by analysis of Spearman's correlation coefficient between the total score for the questionnaire and a convergent dimension (anxiety), as well as a divergent dimension (Dijon physical activity score). Internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by the intraclass coefficient (ICC). Results Eleven items were selected after phase 1. The questionnaire presented good face validity and the content validity seemed satisfactory after analysis of the literature by the experts. Construct validity was moderate. Internal consistency was very good (Cronbach's α>0.81). Reproducibility was excellent with an ICC at 0.95. Feasibility was good with less than 3 minutes to complete the questionnaire. Conclusion This questionnaire presents good psychometric properties. A further prospective study should evaluate sensitivity to change and help determine a threshold value indicating the need for a specific behavioral strategy to alleviate barriers to physical activity in these patients.
- Published
- 2017
12. The ambulatory hypotensive effect of aerobic training: a reappraisal through a meta-analysis of selected moderators
- Author
-
Laurent Bosquet, Vincent Gremeaux, Denis Arvisais, Thibaut Guiraud, Daniel Herpin, Philippe Sosner, Centre EPIC [Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal], Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Service de cardiologie [CHU de Poitiers], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Centre médico-sportif Mon Stade [Paris], Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) (MOVE), Université de Poitiers, Réeducation Cardio-Vasculaire et Pulmonaire [Clinique de Saint-Orens], Clinique Saint-Orens, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Pôle Rééducation - Réadaptation (Médecine Physique et Réadaptation) (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] (PIT), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Direction of Libraries / Direction des bibliothèques [Montréal], Université de Montréal (UdeM), Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers - Faculté des Sciences du sport, Département de Kinésiologie, Laboratoire d'Étude de la Santé Cognitive des Ainés [Montréal] (LESCA), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université de Montréal [Montréal]-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) ( MOVE ), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires ( I2MC ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Hôpital de Rangueil-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] ( PIT ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie ( CIC-P803 ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie - Université de Poitiers, Faculté des Sciences du sport - Université de Poitiers, Université de Montréal, LESCA, and LESCA - Université du Québec à Montréal
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Diastole ,Blood Pressure ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Prehypertension ,Weighted mean difference ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Weight loss ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Humans ,Aerobic exercise ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,pre-hypertension ,030212 general & internal medicine ,10. No inequality ,Exercise ,training ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Blood Pressure Determination ,Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ,[ SDV.MHEP.CSC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Diet ,Exercise Therapy ,hypotensive ,Blood pressure ,Meta-analysis ,Ambulatory ,Hypertension ,Physical therapy ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
International audience; The effectiveness of regular exercise in decreasing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) is well-established. Our purpose was to assess the impact of both subject and physical activity program characteristics on ambulatory BP through a meta-analysis of the existing literature. Three databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) were searched using relevant terms and strategies. From 637 identified records, 37 studies met inclusion criteria: details about training intervention and participant characteristics, pre- and post-training ambulatory BP measurements, at home (HBPM) or during 24-h (ABPM). The weighted mean difference was for 24-h systolic/diastolic ABPM (n = 847 participants): -4.06/-2.77 mmHg (95%CI: -5.19 to -2.93/-3.58 to -1.97; P < 0.001), for daytime (ABPM or HBPM, n = 983): -3.78/-2.73 mmHg (95%CI: -5.09 to -2.47/-3.57 to -1.89; P < 0.001) and nighttime ABPM periods (n = 796): -2.35/-1.70 mmHg (95%CI: -3.26 to -1.44/-2.45 to -0.95; P < 0.001). Characteristics significantly influencing BP improvement were: an initial office BP ≥130/85 mmHg and diet-induced weight-loss. We found no differences according to sex, age, or training characteristics (intensity, number of sessions, training duration). Antihypertensive effects of aerobic training assessed by ambulatory BP measurements appear significant and clinically relevant for both daytime and nighttime periods, in particular for participants with an office BP ≥130/85 mmHg.
- Published
- 2017
13. Addressing the European Union’s democratic deficit: An experimental evaluation of the pan-European district’s proposal
- Author
-
Bol, Damien, Harfst, Philipp, Blais, André, Golder, Sona N., Laslier, Jean-François, Stephenson, Laura B., Van Der Straeten, Karine, Université de Montréal (UdeM), King‘s College London, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Western Ontario (UWO), Institute advanced for advanced studies in Toulouse, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Université de Montréal [Montréal], Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
- Subjects
European Union ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Abstract
International audience; Many academics and commentators argue that Europe is suffering from a democratic deficit. An interesting proposal that has been put forward to address this problem is to elect some members of the European parliament in a pan-European district. In this article, we evaluate this proposal using an online experiment, in which thousands of Europeans voted on a pan-European ballot we created. We find that the voting behaviour of European citizens would be strongly affected by the presence or absence of candidates from their own country on the lists. If a pan-European
- Published
- 2016
14. Electoral System and Number of Candidates: Candidate Entry under Plurality and Majority Runoff
- Author
-
Jean-François Laslier, André Blais, Damien Bol, Antonin Macé, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Université de Montréal [Montréal], Paris School of Economics (PSE), Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PSE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille (GREQAM), École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Blais, André and Laslier, Jean-François and Van Der Straeten, Karine, Université de Montréal (UdeM), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Public economics ,Electoral system ,05 social sciences ,Entry rate ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,0506 political science ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Microeconomics ,symbols.namesake ,Nash equilibrium ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,050602 political science & public administration ,symbols ,050207 economics ,Laboratory experiment ,Surface runoff ,Economie quantitative - Abstract
OS; International audience; We know that electoral systems have an effect on the number of competing candidates. However, a mystery remains concerning the impact of majority runoff. According to theory, the number of competing candidates should be equal (or only marginally larger) under majority runoff than under plurality. However, in real-life elections, this number is much higher under majority runoff. To provide new insights on this puzzle, we report the results of a laboratory experiment where subjects play the role of candidates in plurality and majority runoff elections. We use a candidate-only and sincere-voting model to isolate the effect of the electoral system on the decision of candidates to enter the election. We find very little difference between the two electoral systems. We thus re-affirm the mystery of the number of competing candidates under majority runoff.
- Published
- 2016
15. Assessing changes in global fire regimes
- Author
-
Sayedeh Sara Sayedi, Benjamin W Abbott, Boris Vannière, Bérangère Leys, Daniele Colombaroli, Graciela Gil Romera, Michał Słowiński, Julie C. Aleman, Olivier Blarquez, Angelica Feurdean, Kendrick Brown, Tuomas Aakala, Teija Alenius, Kathryn Allen, Maja Andric, Yves Bergeron, Siria Biagioni, Richard Bradshaw, Laurent Bremond, Elodie Brisset, Joseph Brooks, Sandra Bruegger, Thomas Brussel, Haidee Cadd, Eleonora Cagliero, Christopher Carcaillet, Vachel Carter, Filipe X. Catry, Antoine Champreux, Emeline Chaste, Raphaël Daniel Chavardès, Melissa Chipman, Marco Conedera, Simon Connor, Mark Constantine, Colin Courtney Mustaphi, Abraham N Dabengwa, William Daniels, Erik De Boer, Elisabeth Dietze, Joan Estrany, Paulo Fernandes, Walter Finsinger, Suzette Flantua, Paul Fox-Hughes, Dorian M Gaboriau, Eugenia M. Gayo, Martin.P Girardin, Jeffery Glenn, Ramesh Glückler, Catalina González-Arango, Mariangelica Groves, Rebecca Jenner Hamilton, Douglas Hamilton, Stijn Hantson, K. Anggi Hapsari, Mark Hardiman, Donna Hawthorne, Kira Hoffman, Virginia Iglesias, Jun Inoue, Allison T Karp, Patrik Krebs, Charuta Kulkarni, Niina Kuosmanen, Terri Lacourse, Marie-Pierre Ledru, Marion Lestienne, Colin Long, José Antonio López-Sáez, Nicholas Loughlin, Elizabeth Lynch, Mats Niklasson, Javier Madrigal, S. Yoshi Maezumi, Katarzyna Marcisz, Grant Meyer, Michela Mariani, David McWethy, Chiara Molinari, Encarni Montoya, Scott Mooney, Cesar Morales-Molino, Jesse Morris, Patrick Moss, Imma Oliveras, José Miguel Pereira, Gianni Boris Pezzatti, Nadine Pickarski, Roberta Pini, Vincent Robin, Emma Rehn, Cecile Remy, Damien Rius, Yanming Ruan, Natalia Rudaya, Jeremy Russell-Smith, Heikki Seppä, Lyudmila Shumilovskikh, William T. Sommers, Çağatay Tavşanoğlu, Charles Umbanhowar, Erickson Urquiaga, Dunia Urrego, Richard Vachula, Tuomo Wallenius, Chao You, Anne-Laure Daniau, Brigham Young University (BYU), Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (UAR 3124) (MSHE), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux], Université de Liège, Département de géographie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), University of Turku, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), University of Liverpool, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Human activity has fundamentally altered wildfire on Earth, creating serious consequences for human health, global biodiversity, and climate change. However, it remains difficult to predict fire interactions with land use, management, and climate change, representing a serious knowledge gap and vulnerability. We used expert assessment to combine opinions about past and future fire regimes from 98 wildfire researchers. We asked for quantitative and qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, and implications of fire regime change from the beginning of the Holocene through the year 2300. Respondents indicated that direct human activity was already influencing wildfires locally since at least ~12,000 years BP, though natural climate variability remained the dominant driver of fire regime until around 5000 years BP. Responses showed a ten-fold increase in the rate of wildfire regime change during the last 250 years compared with the rest of the Holocene, corresponding first with the intensification and extensification of land use and later with anthropogenic climate change. Looking to the future, fire regimes were predicted to intensify, with increases in fire frequency, severity, and/or size in all biomes except grassland ecosystems. Fire regime showed quite different climate sensitivities across biomes, but the likelihood of fire regime change increased with higher greenhouse gas emission scenarios for all biomes. Biodiversity, carbon storage, and other ecosystem services were predicted to decrease for most biomes under higher emission scenarios. We present recommendations for adaptation and mitigation under emerging fire regimes, concluding that management options are seriously constrained under higher emission scenarios.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. Introduction Methods and materials Results and discussion Timing and type of future fire regime change Consequences of fire regime change Our capacity to prevent, control, or adapt to future fire regimes Charting a course in a world of uncertainty Expert assessment application in fire management
- Published
- 2023
16. Pembrolizumab With or Without Chemotherapy in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Updated Results of the Phase III KEYNOTE-048 Study
- Author
-
Kevin J. Harrington, Barbara Burtness, Richard Greil, Denis Soulières, Makoto Tahara, Gilberto de Castro, Amanda Psyrri, Irene Brana, Neus Basté, Prakash Neupane, Åse Bratland, Thorsten Fuereder, Brett G.M. Hughes, Ricard Mesia, Nuttapong Ngamphaiboon, Tamara Rordorf, Wan Zamaniah Wan Ishak, Jianxin Lin, Burak Gumuscu, Ramona F. Swaby, Danny Rischin, Institut Català de la Salut, [Harrington KJ] The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom. [Burtness B] Yale Cancer Center and Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. [Greil R] Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, Salzburg, Austria. Paracelsus Medical University Hospital, and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. [Soulières D] Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. [Tahara M] National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan. [de Castro G Jr] Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Brana I, Basté N] Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Anticossos monoclonals - Ús terapèutic ,terapéutica::terapéutica::farmacoterapia::protocolos antineoplásicos::terapéutica::farmacoterapia::protocolos de quimioterapia antineoplásica combinada [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS] ,Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/farmacoterapia [Otros calificadores] ,Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/drug therapy [Other subheadings] ,Neck cancer ,Cap - Càncer - Tractament ,Quimioteràpia combinada ,Càncer de coll ,Head cancer ,Coll - Càncer - Tractament ,Oncology ,Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Head and Neck Neoplasms [DISEASES] ,Therapeutics::Therapeutics::Drug Therapy::Antineoplastic Protocols::Therapeutics::Drug Therapy::Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT] ,Quimioteràpia ,neoplasias::neoplasias por localización::neoplasias de cabeza y cuello [ENFERMEDADES] ,Chemotherapy ,Monoclonal antibodies ,Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Blood Proteins::Immunoproteins::Immunoglobulins::Antibodies::Antibodies, Monoclonal [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS] ,Càncer de cap ,Anticossos monoclonals ,aminoácidos, péptidos y proteínas::proteínas::proteínas sanguíneas::inmunoproteínas::inmunoglobulinas::anticuerpos::anticuerpos monoclonales [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS] - Abstract
PURPOSE Pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab-chemotherapy demonstrated efficacy in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in KEYNOTE-048. Post hoc analysis of long-term efficacy and progression-free survival on next-line therapy (PFS2) is presented. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to pembrolizumab, pembrolizumab-chemotherapy, or cetuximab-chemotherapy. Efficacy was evaluated in programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 20, CPS ≥ 1, and total populations, with no multiplicity or alpha adjustment. RESULTS The median study follow-up was 45.0 months (interquartile range, 41.0-49.2; n = 882). At data cutoff (February 18, 2020), overall survival improved with pembrolizumab in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.81) and CPS ≥ 1 populations (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.89) and was noninferior in the total population (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.97). Overall survival improved with pembrolizumab-chemotherapy in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.84), CPS ≥ 1 (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.78), and total (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.85) populations. The objective response rate on second-course pembrolizumab was 27.3% (3 of 11). PFS2 improved with pembrolizumab in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.84) and CPS ≥ 1 (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.95) populations and with pembrolizumab-chemotherapy in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.86), CPS ≥ 1 (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.81), and total (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.88) populations. PFS2 was similar after pembrolizumab and longer after pembrolizumab-chemotherapy on next-line taxanes and shorter after pembrolizumab and similar after pembrolizumab-chemotherapy on next-line nontaxanes. CONCLUSION With a 4-year follow-up, first-line pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab-chemotherapy continued to demonstrate survival benefit versus cetuximab-chemotherapy in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Patients responded well to subsequent treatment after pembrolizumab-based therapy.
- Published
- 2022
17. Impact of acute partial-body cryostimulation on cognitive performance, cerebral oxygenation, and cardiac autonomic activity
- Author
-
Theurot, Dimitri, Dugué, Benoit, Douzi, Wafa, Guitet, Paul, Louis, Julien, Dupuy, Olivier, Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) (MOVE), Université de Poitiers, Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), and Ecole de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de l’Activité Physique (EKSAP), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Physiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Science ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Neurophysiology ,Autonomic Nervous System ,Article ,digestive system diseases ,RC1200 ,Young Adult ,Cognition ,Oxygen Consumption ,Sex Factors ,Cryotherapy ,Stroop Test ,Humans ,Medicine ,Female - Abstract
International audience; Abstract We assessed the effects of a 3-min partial-body cryostimulation (PBC) exposure—where the whole body is exposed to extreme cold, except the head—on cognitive inhibition performance and the possible implications of parasympathetic cardiac control and cerebral oxygenation. In a randomized controlled counterbalanced cross-over design, eighteen healthy young adults (nine males and nine females) completed a cognitive Stroop task before and after one single session of PBC (3-min exposure at − 150 °C cold air) and a control condition (3 min at room temperature, 20 °C). During the cognitive task, heart rate variability (HRV) and cerebral oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex were measured using heart rate monitoring and near-infrared spectroscopy methods. We also recorded the cerebral oxygenation during the PBC session. Stroop performance after PBC exposure was enhanced (562.0 ± 40.2 ms) compared to pre-PBC (602.0 ± 56.4 ms; P
- Published
- 2021
18. The Genome of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
- Author
-
Amro Hamdoun, Virginia Brockton, Huyen Dinh, Qiang Tu, Richard O. Hynes, Maria Ina Arnone, Wratko Hlavina, L. Courtney Smith, Mariano A. Loza, David R. Burgess, Matthew P. Hoffman, Florian Raible, Qiu Autumn Yuan, Geoffrey Okwuonu, Mark Y. Tong, Jennifer Hume, Donna Maglott, Manisha Goel, Olivier Fedrigo, Manuel L. Gonzalez-Garay, Celina E. Juliano, Judith Hernandez, Gary M. Wessel, William F. Marzluff, Audrey J. Majeske, Christian Gache, Louise Duloquin, Xingzhi Song, François Lapraz, Fowler J, Alexandre Souvorov, Jared V. Goldstone, Georgia Panopoulou, Sandra Hines, Kyle M. Judkins, Clay Davis, Christine G. Elsik, Paul Kitts, Mariano Loza-Coll, Greg Wray, Taku Hibino, Eric Röttinger, Allison M. Churcher, Annamaria Locascio, Arcady Mushegian, Masashi Kinukawa, Anna Reade, Katherine M. Buckley, I. R. Gibbons, Bert Gold, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, David Epel, Victor D. Vacquier, Ling Ling Pu, Vincenzo Cavalieri, Erin L. Allgood, Lan Zhang, Lynne V. Nazareth, Constantin N. Flytzanis, Ian Bosdet, Yi-Hsien Su, Zeev Pancer, Matthew L. Rowe, Robert C. Angerer, David R. McClay, William H. Klein, Rachel F. Gray, Julian L. Wong, Shunsuke Yaguchi, Robert Bellé, Aaron J. Mackey, Herath Jayantha Gunaratne, Karl Frederik Bergeron, Bruce P. Brandhorst, Greg Murray, Avis H. Cohen, Stephanie Bell, Kristin Tessmar-Raible, Ian K. Townley, Bertrand Cosson, Thomas D. Glenn, Jongmin Nam, Cynthia A. Bradham, Michael Dean, Joseph Chacko, Anthony J. Robertson, Margherita Branno, Valeria Matranga, K. James Durbin, Esther Miranda, Lili Chen, Eran Elhaik, Robert D. Burke, Rita A. Wright, Paola Oliveri, Sandra L. Lee, Gary W. Moy, Alexander E Primus, Shawn S. McCafferty, Cristina Calestani, David A. Garfield, Erica Sodergren, Karen Wilson, Joel Smith, Marco A. Marra, Cynthia Messier, Julia Morales, Kim D. Pruitt, Rachel Thorn, Rachel Gill, John S. Taylor, Mark E. Hahn, Victor Sapojnikov, Meredith Howard-Ashby, Lynne M. Angerer, Maurice R. Elphick, Kathy R. Foltz, Anne Marie Genevière, Justin T. Reese, Blanca E. Galindo, Kim C. Worley, Andrew Leone, Glen Humphrey, Kevin Berney, Olga Ermolaeva, George Miner, David P. Terwilliger, Elly Suk Hen Chow, Lora Lewis, Dan Graur, C. Titus Brown, Gerard Manning, Kevin J. Peterson, Angela Jolivet, Michele K. Anderson, Francesca Rizzo, Ekaterina Voronina, Thierry Lepage, Giorgio Matassi, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Mamoru Nomura, Charles A. Whittaker, James R.R. Whittle, James A. Coffman, George M. Weinstock, Mohammed M. Idris, Ashlan M. Musante, Sebastian D. Fugmann, Katherine D. Walton, Sorin Istrail, Shu-Yu Wu, Cerrissa Hamilton, Jonah Cool, Jacqueline E. Schein, Stacey M. Curry, Athula Wikramanayke, Seth Carbonneau, Blair J. Rossetti, Christopher E. Killian, Melissa J. Landrum, Amanda P. Rawson, Jenifer C. Croce, Ryan C. Range, Rahul Satija, John J. Stegeman, Yufeng Shen, Cavit Agca, Terry Gaasterland, Rocky Cheung, Takae Kiyama, Nikki Adams, Jonathan P. Rast, Robert Piotr Olinski, Andrew Cree, Mark Scally, Shuguang Liang, David A. Parker, Rebecca Thomason, Gretchen E. Hofmann, Michelle M. Roux, Ronghui Xu, Robert A. Obar, Enrique Arboleda, Odile Mulner-Lorillon, Shannon Dugan-Rocha, David J. Bottjer, Gabriele Amore, Manoj P. Samanta, Waraporn Tongprasit, Véronique Duboc, La Ronda Jackson, Fred H. Wilt, Viktor Stolc, Anna T. Neill, Michael Raisch, Pei Yun Lee, Jia L. Song, Margaret Morgan, Brian T. Livingston, Sofia Hussain, Zheng Wei, Bryan J. Cole, Tonya F. Severson, Victor V. Solovyev, Finn Hallböök, Donna M. Muzny, Christine A. Byrum, Albert J. Poustka, Xiuqian Mu, Andrew R. Jackson, Shin Heesun, Euan R. Brown, Nansheng Chen, Patrick Cormier, Ralph Haygood, Pedro Martinez, R. Andrew Cameron, D. Wang, Wendy S. Beane, Eric H. Davidson, Christie Kovar, Hemant Kelkar, Charles A. Ettensohn, Sham V. Nair, Robert L. Morris, Stefan C. Materna, Michael C. Thorndyke, Richard A. Gibbs, Dan O Mellott, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University [The State University of New York] ( SBU ), Astronomy Unit ( AU ), Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ), Urban and Industrial Air Quality Group, CSIRO Energy Technology, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Energy Technology ( CSIRO Energy Technology ), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Center for Polymer Studies ( CPS ), Boston University [Boston] ( BU ), Physics Department [Boston] ( BU-Physics ), Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Max-Planck-Institut, Department of Biology [Norton], Wheaton College [Norton], Mathematical Institute [Oxford] ( MI ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Centre for the Analysis of Time Series ( CATS ), London School of Economics and Political Science ( LSE ), Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility ( Jefferson Lab ), Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Laboratoire d'Energétique et de Mécanique Théorique Appliquée ( LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation ( LEGS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Portland] ( ECE ), Portland State University [Portland] ( PSU ), Saint-Gobain Crystals [USA], SAINT-GOBAIN, Institute for Animal Health ( IAH ), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] ( CAS ), Ipsen Inc. [Milford] ( Ipsen ), IPSEN, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] ( ICAS ), University of Leeds, Chung-Ang University ( CAU ), Chung-Ang University [Seoul], Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Center ( ACE-CRC ), Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics ( AER ), Technische Universität München [München] ( TUM ), Mer et santé ( MS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Imperial College London, Radio and Atmospheric Sciences Division, National Physical Laboratory [Teddington] ( NPL ), International Research Institute for Climate and Society ( IRI ), Earth Institute at Columbia University, Columbia University [New York]-Columbia University [New York], Soils Group, The Macaulay Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), School of Biology and Biochemistry, Queen's University, Leslie Hill Institute for Plant Conservation ( PCU ), University of Cape Town, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems/ Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi ( IMM ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ( CNR ), Laboratoire d'acoustique de l'université du Mans ( LAUM ), Le Mans Université ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Interactive Systems Labs ( ISL ), Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] ( CMU ), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics ( DICP ), Architectures, Languages and Compilers to Harness the End of Moore Years ( ALCHEMY ), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique ( LRI ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ), Clean Air Task Force ( CATF ), Clean Air Task Force, Space Physics Laboratory, Indian Space Research Organisation ( ISRO ), Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion ( CERAG ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences-Sultan Qaboos University, European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] ( EMBL ), Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], Department of Radiation Oncology [Michigan] ( Radonc ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, Informatique, Biologie Intégrative et Systèmes Complexes ( IBISC ), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Physics Department [UNB], University of New Brunswick ( UNB ), Laboratoire Parole et Langage ( LPL ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Bioprojet, Laboratoire de Matériaux à Porosité Contrôlée ( LMPC ), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), School of Information Engineering [USTB] ( SIE ), University of Science and Technology Beijing [Beijing] ( USTB ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Department of Applied Mathematics [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], School of Mathematics and Statistics [Sheffield] ( SoMaS ), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 ( LML ), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Computer Science Department [UCLA] ( CSD ), University of California at Los Angeles [Los Angeles] ( UCLA ), Développement et évolution ( DE ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer ( LBDV ), Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain ( LPA ), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris ( FRDPENS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Mathematics and Statistics [Mac Gill], McGill University, Departamento de Botánica [Comahue], Universidad nacional del Comahue, Bioénergétique Cellulaire et Pathologique ( BECP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques ( EPOC ), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratori Nazionali del Sud ( LNS ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), Departament de Matemàtiques [Barcelona], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] ( UAB ), Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung (coal research), Institute of Oceanology [CAS] ( IOCAS ), National Chiao Tung University ( NCTU ), Department of Hydrology and Water Resources ( HWR ), University of Arizona, Centre for Educational Technology, Environment Department [York], University of York [York, UK], State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology ( SKL-NPT ), Peking University [Beijing], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Iowa City], University of Iowa [Iowa], NASA Ames Research Center ( ARC ), Department of Materials, Digital Language & Knowledge Contents Research Association ( DICORA ), Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Department of Physics [Coventry], University of Warwick [Coventry], Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] ( RAL Space ), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ( RAL ), Science and Technology Facilities Council ( STFC ) -Science and Technology Facilities Council ( STFC ), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] ( IBCP ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), H M Nautical Almanac Office [RAL] ( HMNAO ), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine [UCLA], University of California at Los Angeles [Los Angeles] ( UCLA ) -School of Medicine, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Seoul] ( SEES ), Seoul National University [Seoul], Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, MicroMachines Centre ( MMC ), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe ( RQMP ), École Polytechnique de Montréal ( EPM ) -Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-McGill University-Université de Montréal-Fonds Québécois de Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies ( FQRNT ), Département de Physique [Montréal], Université de Montréal, School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] ( SEE ), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology ( CEH ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Norwegian Institute for Water Research ( NIVA ), Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Astronomy Unit [London] (AU), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Energy Technology (CSIRO Energy Technology), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology [Houston], The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Mathematical Institute [Oxford] (MI), University of Oxford, Centre for the Analysis of Time Series (CATS), London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab), Laboratoire Énergies et Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée (LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation (LEGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Portland] (ECE), Portland State University [Portland] (PSU), Saint-Gobain, Institute for Animal Health (IAH), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Ipsen Inc. [Milford] (Ipsen), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC), Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics (AER), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Mer et santé (MS), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Physical Laboratory [Teddington] (NPL), International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI), Macaulay Institute, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Leslie Hill Institute for Plant Conservation (PCU), Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi [Catania] (IMM), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Mans (LAUM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactive Systems Labs (ISL), Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Architectures, Languages and Compilers to Harness the End of Moore Years (ALCHEMY), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Clean Air Task Force (CATF), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion (CERAG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU)-College of Medicine and Health Sciences [Baylor], Baylor University-Baylor University, European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of Radiation Oncology [Michigan] (Radonc), Informatique, Biologie Intégrative et Systèmes Complexes (IBISC), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), University of New Brunswick (UNB), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Matériaux à Porosité Contrôlée (LMPC), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Information Engineering [USTB] (SIE), University of Science and Technology Beijing [Beijing] (USTB), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], School of Mathematics and Statistics [Sheffield] (SoMaS), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Science Department [UCLA] (CSD), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Développement et évolution (DE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain (LPA), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics and Statistics [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Departamento de Botánica [Bariloche], Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche [Bariloche] (CRUB), Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), Bioénergétique Cellulaire et Pathologique (BECP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Departament de Matemàtiques [Barcelona] (UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung (Coal Research), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, CAS Institute of Oceanology (IOCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Department of Hydrology and Water Resources (HWR), State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology (SKL-NPT), University of Iowa [Iowa City], NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Digital Language & Knowledge Contents Research Association (DICORA), Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H M Nautical Almanac Office [RAL] (HMNAO), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-School of Medicine, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Seoul] (SEES), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), MicroMachines Centre (MMC), Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Fonds Québécois de Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), SEA URCHIN GENOME SEQUENCING CONSORTIUM, SODERGREN E, WEINSTOCK GM, DAVIDSON EH, CAMERON RA, GIBBS RA, ANGERER RC, ANGERER LM, ARNONE MI, BURGESS DR, BURKE RD, COFFMAN JA, DEAN M, ELPHICK MR, ETTENSOHN CA, FOLTZ KR, HAMDOUN A, HYNES RO, KLEIN WH, MARZLUFF W, MCCLAY DR, MORRIS RL, MUSHEGIAN A, RAST JP, SMITH LC, THORNDYKE MC, VACQUIER VD, WESSEL GM, WRAY G, ZHANG L, ELSIK CG, ERMOLAEVA O, HLAVINA W, HOFMANN G, KITTS P, LANDRUM MJ, MACKEY AJ, MAGLOTT D, PANOPOULOU G, POUSTKA AJ, PRUITT K, SAPOJNIKOV V, SONG X, SOUVOROV A, SOLOVYEV V, WEI Z, WHITTAKER CA, WORLEY K, DURBIN KJ, SHEN Y, FEDRIGO O, GARFIELD D, HAYGOOD R, PRIMUS A, SATIJA R, SEVERSON T, GONZALEZ-GARAY ML, JACKSON AR, MILOSAVLJEVIC A, TONG M, KILLIAN CE, LIVINGSTON BT, WILT FH, ADAMS N, BELLE R, CARBONNEAU S, CHEUNG R, CORMIER P, COSSON B, CROCE J, FERNANDEZ-GUERRA A, GENEVIERE AM, GOEL M, KELKAR H, MORALES J, MULNER-LORILLON O, ROBERTSON AJ, GOLDSTONE JV, COLE B, EPEL D, GOLD B, HAHN ME, HOWARD-ASHBY M, SCALLY M, STEGEMAN JJ, ALLGOOD EL, COOL J, JUDKINS KM, MCCAFFERTY SS, MUSANTE AM, OBAR RA, RAWSON AP, ROSSETTI BJ, GIBBONS IR, HOFFMAN MP, LEONE A, ISTRAIL S, MATERNA SC, SAMANTA MP, STOLC V, TONGPRASIT W, TU Q, BERGERON KF, BRANDHORST BP, WHITTLE J, BERNEY K, BOTTJER DJ, CALESTANI C, PETERSON K, CHOW E, YUAN QA, ELHAIK E, GRAUR D, REESE JT, BOSDET I, HEESUN S, MARRA MA, SCHEIN J, ANDERSON MK, BROCKTON V, BUCKLEY KM, COHEN AH, FUGMANN SD, HIBINO T, LOZA-COLL M, MAJESKE AJ, MESSIER C, NAIR SV, PANCER Z, TERWILLIGER DP, AGCA C, ARBOLEDA E, CHEN N, CHURCHER AM, HALLBOOK F, HUMPHREY GW, IDRIS MM, KIYAMA T, LIANG S, MELLOTT D, MU X, MURRAY G, OLINSKI RP, RAIBLE F, ROWE M, TAYLOR JS, TESSMAR-RAIBLE K, WANG D, WILSON KH, YAGUCHI S, GAASTERLAND T, GALINDO BE, GUNARATNE HJ, JULIANO C, KINUKAWA M, MOY GW, NEILL AT, NOMURA M, RAISCH M, READE A, ROUX MM, SONG JL, SU YH, TOWNLEY IK, VORONINA E, WONG JL, AMORE G, BRANNO M, BROWN ER, CAVALIERI, V, DUBOC V, DULOQUIN L, FLYTZANIS C, GACHE C, LAPRAZ F, LEPAGE T, LOCASCIO A, MART, University of California-University of California, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Le Mans Université (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), University of California-University of California-School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale (LaTIM), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle (MSME), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Duke University [Durham], Instituto Andaluz de Geofísica y Prevención de Desastres Sísmicos [Granada] (IAGPDS), Universidad de Granada (UGR), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne (LIMATB), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Celera Genomics (CRA), Celera Genomics, Paléobiodiversité et paléoenvironnements, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Deptartment of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch]-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences [Toronto], University of Toronto at Scarborough, inconnu temporaire UPEMLV, Inconnu, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Department of Pharmacy, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Department, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE-POSTECH), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA [Neuchatel] (CSEM), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), Human Genome Sequencing Center [Houston] (HGSC), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Meteorological Service of Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherches Forestières, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto [Scarborough, Canada], National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), University of Genoa (UNIGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Laboratoire d'Energétique et de Mécanique Théorique Appliquée (LEMTA ), Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), Queen's University [Kingston], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-Université de Montréal [Montréal]-McGill University-Fonds Québécois de Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Université de Montréal [Montréal], U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Male ,MESH: Signal Transduction ,MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA ,MESH : Transcription Factors ,MESH : Calcification, Physiologic ,Genome ,MESH : Proteins ,0302 clinical medicine ,MESH : Embryonic Development ,MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Innate ,MESH: Embryonic Development ,Developmental ,Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ,MESH: Animals ,MESH: Proteins ,[SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology ,Complement Activation ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,MESH: Evolution, Molecular ,MESH : Strongylocentrotus purpuratus ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,MESH: Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Medicine (all) ,MESH: Immunologic Factors ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Genome project ,MESH: Transcription Factors ,MESH : Immunity, Innate ,MESH : Complement Activation ,MESH: Genes ,Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)DeuterostomesStrongylocentrotus purpuratusVertebrate innovations ,Echinoderm ,MESH : Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ,embryonic structures ,MESH: Cell Adhesion Molecules ,MESH : Genes ,MESH: Immunity, Innate ,Sequence Analysis ,Signal Transduction ,MESH: Computational Biology ,Genome evolution ,MESH: Complement Activation ,Sequence analysis ,Evolution ,MESH: Strongylocentrotus purpuratus ,MESH : Male ,Embryonic Development ,MESH : Immunologic Factors ,Article ,MESH: Calcification, Physiologic ,Calcification ,MESH : Cell Adhesion Molecules ,Evolution, Molecular ,03 medical and health sciences ,Calcification, Physiologic ,Animals ,Immunologic Factors ,MESH: Genome ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,MESH : Evolution, Molecular ,Physiologic ,Gene ,Strongylocentrotus purpuratus ,[ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,MESH : Signal Transduction ,Bacterial artificial chromosome ,Immunity ,Molecular ,Computational Biology ,Proteins ,Cell Adhesion Molecules ,Genes ,Immunity, Innate ,Transcription Factors ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,DNA ,biology.organism_classification ,MESH: Male ,Gene Expression Regulation ,MESH : Animals ,MESH : Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,MESH : Genome ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,MESH : Computational Biology ,MESH : Sequence Analysis, DNA - Abstract
We report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus , a model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing strategy combined whole-genome shotgun and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences. This use of BAC clones, aided by a pooling strategy, overcame difficulties associated with high heterozygosity of the genome. The genome encodes about 23,300 genes, including many previously thought to be vertebrate innovations or known only outside the deuterostomes. This echinoderm genome provides an evolutionary outgroup for the chordates and yields insights into the evolution of deuterostomes.
- Published
- 2006
19. Simultaneous Optical and Electrical Characterization of GaN Nanowire Arrays by Means of Vis-IR Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
- Author
-
S. Hurand, F. Paumier, Bertrand Lacroix, Victor J. Gómez, Antonio J. Santos, Rafael García, Francisco M. Morales, Thierry Girardeau, Diana L. Huffaker, Eduardo Blanco, Fraunhofer AICOS [Porto], Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMSE), Universidad de Sevilla-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Universidad Simon Bolivar (USB), Physique et Propriétés des Nanostructures PPNa (PPNa), Département Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux (Département Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux), Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-ENSMA-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-ENSMA-Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-ENSMA-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-ENSMA, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Fraunhofer Center for Assistive Information and Communication Solutions [Porto] (Fraunhofer AICOS), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Universidad de Sevilla-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Materials science ,Silicon ,Infrared ,[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph] ,Nanowire ,Physics::Optics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Epitaxy ,01 natural sciences ,Nitrides ,[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph] ,Hall effect ,Ellipsometry ,[PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,[PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph] ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Oscillation Mobility ,[SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph] ,[PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph] ,[PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph] ,Nanowires ,business.industry ,[SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment ,[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,[PHYS.MECA.MSMECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,[PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph] ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Characterization (materials science) ,[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism ,[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers ,General Energy ,chemistry ,[PHYS.MECA.THER]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph] ,Optoelectronics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Porosity - Abstract
International audience; We report an original and straightforward method for both optical and electrical characterization of vertical GaN nanowire arrays epitaxially grown on silicon through visible-infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry methods. For the initial purpose of adding new inputs to the ellipsometry model, focused ion-beam tomography experiments were conducted to extract porosity/depth profiles of these systems. To reproduce the optical free-carrier behavior in the infrared, the ellipsometric data acquired were fitted to an anisotropic Bruggeman model including Tauc-Lorentz and Drude oscillators, which enabled the determination of carrier density and in-grain mobility. The nice agreement of these results with those obtained by combining Hall effect measurements, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy studies supported the validity of the proposed method, opening new horizons in the characterization of nanowire-based semiconducting layers.
- Published
- 2019
20. Neutron-star matter within the energy-density functional theory and neutron-star structure
- Author
-
Pearson, J. [Dépt. de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), H3C 3J7 (Canada)]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. The false aperture problem: Global motion perception without integration of local motion signals
- Author
-
Rémy Allard, Angelo Arleo, School of optometry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de la Vision, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ARLEO, Angelo, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Neurons ,Direction-selective neurons ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,05 social sciences ,[SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Motion Perception ,Stroboscopic motion ,Position tracking ,050105 experimental psychology ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Aperture problem ,General Psychology ,Photic Stimulation ,Visual Cortex ,Global motion - Abstract
Early direction-selective neurons in the primary visual cortex are widely considered to be the main neural basis underlying motion perception even though motion perception can also rely on attentively tracking the position of objects. Because of their small receptive fields, early direction-selective neurons suffer from the aperture problem, which is assumed to be overcome by integrating inputs from many early direction-selective neurons. Because the perceived motion of objects sometimes depends on static form information and does not always match the mean direction of local motion signals, the general consensus is that motion integration is form dependent and complex. Based on the fact that early direction-selective neurons respond to motion only within a short temporal window, the present study used stroboscopic motion to test their contribution to motion perception of objects. For conditions under which the perceived motion was impaired by stroboscopic motion, the perceived motion matched the mean direction of local motion signals and was form independent. For classic conditions under which the perceived motion could not be explained by a simple form independent averaging of local motion signals, neutralizing the contribution of early direction-selective neurons using stroboscopic motion had little impact on the perceived motion, which demonstrates that the perceived motion relied on position tracking, not on early direction-selective neurons. When the perceived motion relies on position tracking, assuming that motion perception relies on early direction-selective neurons can lead to erroneously postulate the existence of complex or form-dependent integration of inputs from early direction-selective neurons. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
- Published
- 2021
22. Sci—Fri PM: Dosimetry — 03: Delta4 diode absolute dose response for large and small target volume IMRT QA
- Author
-
Thakur, V [Centre hospitaller de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal (Canada)]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. BANYAN. III. Radial velocity, rotation, and X-ray emission of low-mass star candidates in nearby young kinematic groups
- Author
-
Gagné, Jonathan [Département de physique and Observatoire du Mont-Mégantic, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7 (Canada)]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Near-infrared (JHK) spectroscopy of young stellar and substellar objects in orion
- Author
-
Artigau, E. [Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal PQ H3T1J4 (Canada)]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Trading accuracy for speed over the course of a decision
- Author
-
Gerard Derosiere, Julie Duque, David Thura, Paul Cisek, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Neurosciences and Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada, and UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Process management ,Physiology ,Computer science ,Context (language use) ,Choice Behavior ,urgency ,050105 experimental psychology ,Course (navigation) ,Task (project management) ,choice behavior ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Reward ,Reaction Time ,speed-accuracy tradeoff ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,General Neuroscience ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,05 social sciences ,Work (physics) ,decision-making ,Female ,SAT ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Humans and other animals often need to balance the desire to gather sensory information (to make the best choice) with the urgency to act, facing a speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT). Given the ubiquity of SAT across species, extensive research has been devoted to understanding the computational mechanisms allowing its regulation at different timescales, including from one context to another, and from one decision to another. However, animals must frequently change their SAT on even shorter timescales – i.e., over the course of an ongoing decision – and little is known about the mechanisms that allow such rapid adaptations. The present study aimed at addressing this issue. Human subjects performed a decision task with changing evidence. In this task, subjects received rewards for correct answers but incurred penalties for mistakes. An increase or a decrease in penalty occurring halfway through the trial promoted rapid SAT shifts, favoring speeded decisions either in the early or in the late stage of the trial. Importantly, these shifts were associated with stage-specific adjustments in the accuracy criterion exploited for committing to a choice. Those subjects who decreased the most their accuracy criterion at a given decision stage exhibited the highest gain in speed, but also the highest cost in terms of performance accuracy at that time. Altogether, the current findings offer a unique extension of previous work, by suggesting that dynamic changes in accuracy criterion allow the regulation of the SAT within the timescale of a single decision.New and noteworthyExtensive research has been devoted to understanding the mechanisms allowing the regulation of the speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) from one context to another and from one decision to another. Here, we show that humans can voluntarily change their SAT on even shorter timescales – i.e., over the course of a decision. These rapid SAT shifts are associated with dynamic adjustments in the accuracy criterion exploited for committing to a choice.
- Published
- 2021
26. Mass Spectrometry-based Absolute Quantification of 20S Proteasome Status for Controlled Ex-vivo Expansion of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells
- Author
-
Luc Garrigues, Florence Roux-Dalvai, Emmanuelle Mouton-Barbosa, Mathilde Beau, Luc Sensebé, Anne Gonzalez-de-Peredo, Dusan Zivkovic, Marie-Pierre Bousquet, Marie-Laure Renoud, Thomas Menneteau, Odile Burlet-Schiltz, Alexandre Stella, Bertrand Fabre, François Amalric, Isabelle Ader, Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe 1, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), STROMALab, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement Français du Sang-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Etablissement Français du Sang-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Montréal (UdeM)
- Subjects
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ,Stromal cell ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Cell ,Protein degradation ,SILAC ,Biochemistry ,Mass Spectrometry ,Cell Line ,Analytical Chemistry ,Interferon-gamma ,03 medical and health sciences ,Absolute quantification ,[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN] ,Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture ,medicine ,Humans ,Stem cells ,Molecular Biology ,Protein complex analysis ,Cell Proliferation ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Chemistry ,Research ,Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells ,030302 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,20S Proteasome ,Reproducibility of Results ,Targeted mass spectrometry ,Cell Differentiation ,Mesenchymal Stem Cells ,stoichiometry ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,Oxygen ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Proteasome ,Selected reaction monitoring ,Stem cell - Abstract
20S proteasomes are very heterogeneous protein complexes involved in many cellular processes. In the present study, we combined an MRM-based assay with the production and purification of entire SILAC labelled proteasome to monitor absolute quantities of the different 20S proteasome subtypes in various human cells and tissues. This method applied to adipocyte-derived stem cells (ADSCs) amplified under various conditions highlights an increased expression of immunoproteasome when this type of cell is primed with IFNγ or amplified in a 20% O2 environment., Graphical Abstract Highlights Design of an MRM assay to determine the absolute quantity and stoichiometry of ubiquitous and tissue-specific human 20S proteasome subtypes. Use of purified isotopically labelled 20S proteasome as internal standard for accurate quantification. Variation in the expression of immunoproteasome in adipocyte-derived stem cells (ADSCs) grown under different O2 levels might be causal for change in cells differentiation capacity. The status of 20S proteasome during ADSCs expansion might constitute an additional relevant quality control parameter to contribute to predict, among other quality markers, their therapeutic capacity., The proteasome controls a multitude of cellular processes through protein degradation and has been identified as a therapeutic target in oncology. However, our understanding of its function and the development of specific modulators are hampered by the lack of a straightforward method to determine the overall proteasome status in biological samples. Here, we present a method to determine the absolute quantity and stoichiometry of ubiquitous and tissue-specific human 20S proteasome subtypes based on a robust, absolute SILAC-based multiplexed LC-Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) quantitative mass spectrometry assay with high precision, accuracy, and sensitivity. The method was initially optimized and validated by comparison with a reference ELISA assay and by analyzing the dynamics of catalytic subunits in HeLa cells following IFNγ-treatment and in range of human tissues. It was then successfully applied to reveal IFNγ- and O2-dependent variations of proteasome status during primary culture of Adipose-derived-mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells (ADSCs). The results show the critical importance of controlling the culture conditions during cell expansion for future therapeutic use in humans. We hypothesize that a shift from the standard proteasome to the immunoproteasome could serve as a predictor of immunosuppressive and differentiation capacities of ADSCs and, consequently, that quality control should include proteasomal quantification in addition to examining other essential cell parameters. The method presented also provides a new powerful tool to conduct more individualized protocols in cancer or inflammatory diseases where selective inhibition of the immunoproteasome has been shown to reduce side effects.
- Published
- 2019
27. Investigating the origin of the spectral line profiles of the Hot Wolf–Rayet Star WR 2
- Author
-
Christoph Baranec, Evelyne Alecian, Paul A. Crowther, Étienne Artigau, Olivier Schnurr, André-Nicolas Chené, C. Ziegler, Gregg A. Wade, Nicole St-Louis, A. F. J. Moffat, Nicholas M. Law, Noel D. Richardson, Reed Riddle, Gemma Rate, Gemini Observatory, Northern Operations Center, Département de Physique [Montréal], Université de Montréal [Montréal], School of engineering sciences, University of Southampton, Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Royal Military College of Canada, Department of Physics, Ritter Observatory, University of Toledo, Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Ritter planetarium and Brooks Observatory, University of Toledo, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
- Subjects
Physics ,[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Absorption spectroscopy ,[SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR] ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Polarimetry ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,Polarization (waves) ,01 natural sciences ,Spectral line ,Magnetic field ,Wolf–Rayet star ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,0103 physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Emission spectrum ,Spectroscopy ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR) ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
The hot WN star WR2 (HD6327) has been claimed to have many singular characteristics. To explain its unusually rounded and relatively weak emission line profiles, it has been proposed that WR2 is rotating close to break-up with a magnetically confined wind. Alternatively, the line profiles could be explained by the dilution of WR2's spectrum by that of a companion. In this paper, we present a study of WR2 using near-infrared AO imaging and optical spectroscopy and polarimetry. Our spectra reveal the presence of weak photospheric absorption lines from a ~B2.5-4V companion, which however contributes only ~5-10% to the total light, suggesting that the companion is a background object. Therefore, its flux cannot be causing any significant dilution of the WR star's emission lines. The absence of intrinsic linear continuum polarization from WR2 does not support the proposed fast rotation. Our Stokes V spectrum was not of sufficient quality to test the presence of a moderately strong organized magnetic field but our new modelling indicates that to confine the wind the putative magnetic field must be significantly stronger than was previously suggested sufficiently strong as to make its presence implausible., 12 pages, 9 figures
- Published
- 2019
28. Évaluer et promouvoir le partenariat entre les patients et les professionnels de santé: Co-construction de l'outil CADICEE pour les patients et leurs proches
- Author
-
POMEY, Marie-Pascale, CLAVEL, Nathalie, NORMANDIN, Louise, DEL GRANDE, Claudio, GHADIRI DJAHANCHAH PHILIP, Sacha, FERNANDEZ MC AULEY, Isabel, BOIVIN, Antoine, FLORA, Luigi, JANVIER, Annie, KARAZIVAN, Philippe, PELLETIER, Jean-François, FERNANDEZ, Nicolas, PAQUETTE, Jesseca, DUMEZ, Vincent, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CR CHUM), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre d'Excellence du Partenariat avec les Patients et le Public (CEPPP, CR-CHUM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal), Risques, Epidémiologie, Territoire, INformations, Education et Santé (RETINES), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre d'Innovation du Partenariat avec les Patients et le Public, Faculté de médecine, Université Côte d'Azur (CI3P), Faculté de médecine, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de Ressources et Résilience (CN2R), Centre d'Etudes des Solidarités Sociales (Ass.1901) (CESOL), Association, Département de pédiatrie, division de néonatologie, centre de recherche, unité de recherche en étique et médecine de famille, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada (CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal), Direction Collaboration et Partenariat Patient, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal (DCPP), Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Université de Montréal (UdeM), CENTRE PÉDAGOGIE APPLIQUÉE SCIENCES SANTÉ (CPASS), Réseau Québécois COVID-Pandemie (RQCP), FRQ-S (RQCCP-FRQ-S), and Flora, Luigi
- Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2021
29. Measurements of sputtered neutrals and ions and investigation of their roles on the plasma properties during rf magnetron sputtering of Zn and ZnO targets
- Author
-
Stafford, L. [Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7 (Canada)]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Predictive Parameters of CyberKnife Fiducial-less (XSight Lung) Applicability for Treatment of Early Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
- Author
-
Filion, Edith [Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec (Canada)]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Une analyse compréhensive de l'utilisation et de l'adoption des objets connectés dans l'éducation des patients et la promotion de la santé : vers une revue meta-narrative
- Author
-
Bouix, Julien, Laboratoire Educations et Pratiques de Santé (LEPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Faculté des Sciences infirmières, Université de Montréal (UdeM), École du Val de Grâce (EVDG), Service de Santé des Armées, Chaire de recherche sur les nouvelles pratiques de soins infirmiers (CRSI UdeM), Université de Montréal, Faculté des Sciences Infirmières, Montréal, Canada, Laboratoire Educations et Pratiques en Santé, UR3412, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France, and Faculté des Sciences infirmières, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Subjects
self quantification ,objets connectés ,MESH: wearable electronic devices ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Wearable devices - Published
- 2021
32. Nickelation of PCP- and POCOP-Type Pincer Ligands: Kinetics and Mechanism
- Author
-
Zargarian, Davit [Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), Canada H3C 3J7]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Floristic evidence for alternative biome states in tropical Africa
- Author
-
Aleman, J. C., Fayolle, A., Favier, C., Staver, A. C., Dexter, K. G., Ryan, C. M., Azihou, A. F., Bauman, D., Te Beest, M., Chidumayo, E. N., Comiskey, J. A., Cromsigt, J. P. G. M., Dessard, H., Doucet, J.-l., Finckh, M., Gillet, J.-f., Gourlet-fleury, S., Hempson, G. P., Holdo, R. M., Kirunda, B., Kouame, F. N., Mahy, G., Gonçalves, F. Maiato P., Mcnicol, I., Quintano, P. Nieto, Plumptre, A. J., Pritchard, R. C., Revermann, R., Schmitt, C. B., Swemmer, A. M., Talila, H., Woollen, E., Swaine, M. D., Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux], Université de Liège, Département de géographie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh, Royal Botanical Garden, Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Plant Ecology and Biogeochemistry, Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Grasslands-Wetlands-Forests Node, SAEON, Makeni Savanna Research Project, Inventory & Monitoring Program, National Park Service, Smithonian Institution, Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia [USA], Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Université Nangui Abrogoua, Herbário do Lubango, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla, Department of Zoology [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Global Development Institute, University of Manchester [Manchester], Faculty of Natural Resources and Spatial Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), University of Bonn, Chair for Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, South African Environmental Observation Network [Pretoria] (SAEON), College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Madda Walabu University, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh], Université d’Abomey-Calavi = University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), University of Oxford, Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Aberystwyth University
- Subjects
F40 - Écologie végétale ,Climate ,Rain ,forêt tropicale ,Forests ,compostion ,Fires ,Trees ,données spatiales ,tree species ,Alternative stable states ,Savane ,Ecosystem ,Tropical Climate ,tropical biomes ,precipitation and seasonality ,F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie ,Biological Sciences ,Grassland ,cartographie des fonctions de la forêt ,Succession végétale ,Africa ,Écosystème forestier ,Seasons ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,fire ,Communauté végétale ,Index de végétation - Abstract
International audience; The idea that tropical forest and savanna are alternative states is crucial to how we manage these biomes and predict their future under global change. Large-scale empirical evidence for alternative stable states is limited however and comes mostly from the multimodal distribution of structural aspects of vegetation. These approaches have been criticized, as structure alone cannot separate out wetter savannas from drier forests for example, and there are also technical challenges to mapping vegetation structure in unbiased ways. Here, we develop an alternative approach to delimit the climatic envelope of the two biomes in Africa, using tree species lists gathered for a large number of forest and savanna sites distributed across the continent. Our analyses confirm extensive climatic overlap of forest and savanna, supporting the alternative stable states hypothesis for Africa, and this result is corroborated by paleo-ecological evidence. Further, we find the two biomes to have highly divergent tree species compositions and to represent alternative compositional states. This allowed us to classify tree species as forest vs savanna specialists, with some generalist species that span both biomes. In conjunction with geo-referenced herbarium records, we mapped the forest and savanna distributions across Africa and quantified their environmental limits, which are primarily related to precipitation and seasonality, with a secondary contribution of fire. These results are important for the ongoing efforts to restore African ecosystems, which depend on accurate biome maps to set appropriate targets for the restored states, but also provide novel empirical evidence for broad scale bistability. Significance statement: We develop a biogeographic approach to analyzing the presence of alternative stable states in tropical biomes. Whilst forest-savanna bistability has been widely hypothesized and modeled, empirical evidence has remained scarce and controversial, and here, applying our method to Africa, we provide large scale evidence that there are alternative states in tree species composition of tropical vegetation. Furthermore, our results have produced novel and more accurate maps of the forest and savanna distributions in Africa, which takes into account differences in tree species composition, and a complex suite of determinants. This result is not only important for understanding the biogeography of the continent, but also to guide large-scaled tree planting and restoration efforts planned for the region.
- Published
- 2020
34. Age-related decline in motion contrast sensitivity due to lower absorption rate of cones and calculation efficiency
- Author
-
Braham chaouche, Asma, Silvestre, Daphné, Trognon, Arthur, Arleo, Angelo, Allard, Rémy, ARLEO, Angelo, Institut de la Vision, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 2Laboratoire Psychophysique de la Vision, École d’optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada., and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Aging ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,lcsh:R ,Age Factors ,Motion Perception ,lcsh:Medicine ,Article ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Contrast Sensitivity ,Motion ,Motion detection ,Sensory Thresholds ,Humans ,lcsh:Q ,Sensory processing ,Female ,lcsh:Science ,Artifacts ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Photic Stimulation ,Vision, Ocular ,Aged - Abstract
Motion perception is affected by healthy aging, which impairs the ability of older adults to perform some daily activities such as driving. The current study investigated the underlying causes of age-related motion contrast sensitivity losses by using an equivalent noise paradigm to decompose motion contrast sensitivity into calculation efficiency, the temporal modulation transfer function (i.e., temporal blur) and 3 sources of internal noise: stochastic absorption of photons by photoreceptors (i.e., photon noise), neural noise occurring at the retinal level (i.e., early noise) and at the cortical level (i.e., late noise). These sources of internal noise can be disentangled because there impacts on motion contrast sensitivity vary differently as a function of luminance intensity. The impact of healthy aging on these factors was evaluated by measuring motion contrast sensitivity of young and older healthy adults at different luminance intensities, temporal frequencies and with/without external noise. The older adults were found to have higher photon noise, which suggests a lower photon absorption rate of cones. When roughly equating the amount of photons being absorbed by the photoreceptors, older adults had lower calculation efficiencies, but no significant aging effect was found on temporal modulation transfer function, early noise and late noise.
- Published
- 2020
35. The reconstruction of burned area and fire severity using charcoal from boreal lake sediments
- Author
-
Olivier Blarquez, Adam A. Ali, Josianne Landry, Yves Bergeron, Andy Hennebelle, Christopher Carcaillet, Pierre Grondin, Julie C. Aleman, Département de géographie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Industrial Chair in Sustainable Forest Management, Institut de recherche sur les forêts, (NSERC/UQAT/UQAM ), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Centre d'Etude de la Forêt (Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MINISTERE DES FORETS DE LA FAUNE ET DES PARCS DRF QUEBEC CAN, Partenaires IRSTEA, and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,Archeology ,Taphonomy ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,dNBR ,severity ,01 natural sciences ,forest ,Charcoal ,lake ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Global and Planetary Change ,Ecology ,Fire regime ,taphonomy ,Paleontology ,15. Life on land ,calibration ,Sedimentary charcoal ,Boreal ,13. Climate action ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Environmental science ,Physical geography ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,charcoal ,fire ,trap - Abstract
Although lacustrine sedimentary charcoal has long been used to infer paleofires, their quantitative reconstructions require improvements of the calibration of their links with fire regimes (i.e. occurrence, area, and severity) and the taphonomic processes that affect charcoal particles between the production and the deposition in lake sediments. Charcoal particles >150 µm were monitored yearly from 2011 to 2016 using traps submerged in seven head lakes situated in flat-to-rolling boreal forest landscapes in eastern Canada. The burned area was measured, and the above-ground fire severity was assessed using the differentiated normalized burn ratio (dNBR) index, derived from LANDSAT images, and measurements taken within zones radiating 3, 15, and 30 km from the lakes. In order to evaluate potential lag effects in the charcoal record, fire metrics were assessed for the year of recorded charcoal recording (lag 0) and up to 5 years before charcoal deposition (lag 5). A total of 92 variables were generated and sorted using a Random Forest-based methodology. The most explanatory variables for annual charcoal particle presence, expressed as the median surface area, were selected. Results show that, temporally, sedimentary charcoal accurately recorded fire events without a temporal lag; spatially, fires were recorded up to 30 km from the lakes. Selected variables highlighted the importance of burned area and fire severity in explaining lacustrine charcoal. The charcoal influx was thus driven by fire area and severity during the production process. The dispersion process of particles resulted mostly of wind transportation within the regional (
- Published
- 2020
36. Observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams
- Author
-
Eyer, L., Rimoldini, L., Audard, M., Anderson, R. I., Nienartowicz, K., Glass, F., Marchal, O., Grenon, M., Mowlavi, N., Holl, B., Clementini, G., Aerts, C., Mazeh, T., Evans, D. W., Szabados, L., Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Biermann, M., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Siddiqui, H. I., Soubiran, C., van Leeuwen, F., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., Bakker, J., Cacciari, C., Castañeda, J., Chaoul, L., Cheek, N., De Angeli, F., Fabricius, C., Guerra, R., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Panuzzo, P., Portell, J., Riello, M., Seabroke, G. M., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Comoretto, G., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Burgess, P., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Clotet, M., Creevey, O., Davidson, M., De Ridder, J., Delchambre, L., Dell’Oro, A., Ducourant, C., Fernández-Hernández, J., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Galluccio, L., García-Torres, M., González-Núñez, J., González-Vidal, J. J., Gosset, E., Guy, L. P., Halbwachs, J.-L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Hutton, A., Jasniewicz, G., Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A., Jordan, S., Korn, A. J., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Lebzelter, T., Löffler, W., Manteiga, M., Marrese, P. M., Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osinde, J., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J.-M., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Robin, A. C., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Süveges, M., Torra, J., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Abreu Aramburu, A., Accart, S., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Alvarez, R., Alves, J., Andrei, A. H., Anglada Varela, E., Antiche, E., Antoja, T., Arcay, B., Astraatmadja, T. L., Bach, N., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balm, P., Barache, C., Barata, C., Barbato, D., Barblan, F., Barklem, P. S., Barrado, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartholomé Muñoz, S., Bassilana, J.-L., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Berihuete, A., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Bienaymé, O., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Boeche, C., Bombrun, A., Borrachero, R., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bourda, G., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breddels, M. A., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Brüsemeister, T., Brugaletta, E., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cannizzaro, G., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Cocozza, G., Costigan, G., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Cuypers, J., Dafonte, C., Damerdji, Y., Dapergolas, A., David, P., David, M., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., de Martino, D., de Souza, R., de Torres, A., Debosscher, J., del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Drazinos, P., Durán, J., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Eriksson, K., Esquej, P., Eynard Bontemps, G., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Falcão, A. J., Farràs Casas, M., Federici, L., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Figueras, F., Filippi, F., Findeisen, K., Fonti, A., Fraile, E., Fraser, M., Frézouls, B., Gai, M., Galleti, S., Garabato, D., García-Sedano, F., Garofalo, A., Garralda, N., Gavel, A., Gavras, P., Gerssen, J., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomes, M., Granvik, M., Gueguen, A., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Haigron, R., Hatzidimitriou, D., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Heiter, U., Helmi, A., Heu, J., Hilger, T., Hobbs, D., Hofmann, W., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Hypki, A., Icardi, V., Janßen, K., Jevardat de Fombelle, G., Jonker, P. G., Juhász, Á. L., Julbe, F., Karampelas, A., Kewley, A., Klar, J., Kochoska, A., Kohley, R., Kolenberg, K., Kontizas, M., Kontizas, E., Koposov, S. E., Kordopatis, G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Koubsky, P., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Lavigne, J.-B., Le Fustec, Y., Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Lebreton, Y., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Lenhardt, H., Leroux, F., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., López, M., Lorenz, D., Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Mantelet, G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Marinoni, S., Marschalkó, G., Marshall, D. J., Martino, M., Marton, G., Mary, N., Massari, D., Matijevič, G., McMillan, P. J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morgenthaler, S., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Muraveva, T., Musella, I., Nelemans, G., Nicastro, L., Noval, L., O’Mullane, W., Ordénovic, C., Ordóñez-Blanco, D., Osborne, P., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Pailler, F., Palacin, H., Palaversa, L., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F.-X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rambaux, N., Ramos-Lerate, M., Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Riclet, F., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rivard, A., Rixon, G., Roegiers, T., Roelens, M., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Ruiz-Dern, L., Sadowski, G., Sagristà Sellés, T., Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Sanna, N., Santana-Ros, T., Sarasso, M., Savietto, H., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Shih, I.-C., Siltala, L., Silva, A. F., Smart, R. L., Smith, K. W., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Sordo, R., Soria Nieto, S., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Stampa, U., Steele, I. A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Stoev, H., Suess, F. F., Surdej, J., Szegedi-Elek, E., Tapiador, D., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Terrett, D., Teyssandier, P., Thuillot, W., Titarenko, A., Torra Clotet, F., Turon, C., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., Uzzi, S., Vaillant, M., Valentini, G., Valette, V., van Elteren, A., Van Hemelryck, E., van Leeuwen, M., Vaschetto, M., Vecchiato, A., Veljanoski, J., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Vogt, S., von Essen, C., Voss, H., Votruba, V., Voutsinas, S., Walmsley, G., Weiler, M., Wertz, O., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Žerjal, M., Ziaeepour, H., Zorec, J., Zschocke, S., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., Zwitter, T., Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva [Switzerland], ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Probabilités, statistique, physique mathématique (PSPM), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (LAOB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Heckscher-Klinikum, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Instituut voor Sterrenkunde [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), School of Physics and Astronomy [Tel Aviv], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Epicentre [Paris] [Médecins Sans Frontières], Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Lund Observatory, Lund University [Lund], Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia [Barcelona] (DAM), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO), Zentrum für astronomie, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA), Università degli Studi di Roma, Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratorio de Inmunologıa y Virologıa, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolas de los Garza, University of Barcelona, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Professions, institutions, temporalités (PRINTEMPS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (OATo), M2A 2019, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Astronomy, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Astronomy and Space Physics [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofisica e Ciencias Atmosfericas [Sao Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), SIM/IDL Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), University of Lisboa, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), AUTRES, Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), National Institute for Subatomic Physics Nikhef [Amsterdam] (NIKHEF), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IDAEA-CSIC, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Departamento de Astrofisica [Madrid], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, University of Cadiz, CEA Le Ripault (CEA Le Ripault), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (OAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication - Dpt Lettres et arts du spectacle (UGA UFR LLASIC LAS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [Groningen], University of Groningen [Groningen], FORMATION STELLAIRE 2019, Geologists, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique [Montréal], Université de Montréal [Montréal], Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Institute of Astronomy [Leuven], Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Service de médecine interne diabète et maladies métaboliqe, Hôpital civil Strasbourg, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse (IRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Department of Plant Ecology, Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Mitsubishi Electric ITE-TCL, Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Departament Llenguatges i Sistemes Informatics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Department of Astrophysics [Nijmegen], Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses (VBMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7555, Laboratoire d'études dynamiques et structurales de la sélectivité (LEDSS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Atmel Corporation (ATMEL), ATMEL, Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] (ARI), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), NSF Center for EUV Science and Technology, NSF, L3 group, Dipartemento di Fisica, Lecce, TKK Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Association EURATOM-CEA (CEA/DSM/DRFC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Ciènces del Cosmos (ICC), Centre Atlantique de Philosophie (CAPHI), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia (RIM-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre G2I, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), Inst. Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València (UV), Astronomical Observatory [Poznan], Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Verona, Thales Services, THALES, Departement d'Astrophysique Stellaire et Galactique (DASGAL), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL), Center for health studies, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Astrometry, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institute of Hydrology, Argelander Institute for Astronomy (AlfA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw, University of Warsaw (UW), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lohrmann Observatory, University of Ljubljana, Department of nuclear medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen (UIB)-University of Bergen (UIB), Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center-College of Medicine and Public Health [Colombus], Departament de Geodinamica i Geofısica, Facultat de Geologia, M2A 2012, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Solvay Silica, Solvay (France), Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2012, CICEnergigune, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Aberystwyth University, Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading (UOR), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche de l'European Business School (IREBS), European Business School Paris (EBS Paris), LEI, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), M2A 2015, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences [Modena], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia [Reggio Emilia] (UNIMORE), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Université de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria [Espagne] (ULPGC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chaim Sheba Medical Center [Ramat Gan, Israel], University of Catania, Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC (GREGH), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki Observatory, University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité : Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), R&D Tonnellerie Radoux, Tonnellerie Radoux, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), M2A 2013, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 (ICMR), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics [Philadelphia], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], M2A 2014, Groupe de Recherche en Astronomie et Astrophysique du Languedoc (GRAAL), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Universidad de Alicante, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Lille, Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Physics Department, University of Crete (UOC), DEE, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), European Space Astronomy Centre, KELLER Fondations spéciales, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ingienerie des Polymères pour les Hautes Technologies (LIPHT), Ecole européenne de chimie, polymères et matériaux [Strasbourg]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki University of Techology, Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Neurologie [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Fondation Universitaire Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP), Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre G2I, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear [Lisboa] (IPFN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), EURATOM CIEMAT (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Politecnico di Milano [Milan], Equipe EES, Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2020
37. Linear predictor on linearly-generated data with missing values: non consistency and solutions
- Author
-
Morvan, Marine Le, Prost, Nicolas, Josse, Julie, Scornet, Erwan, Varoquaux, Ga��l, Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data (PARIETAL), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation en pharmacologie de population (XPOP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms [Montréal] (MILA), Centre de Recherches Mathématiques [Montréal] (CRM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), ANR-17-CE23-0018,DirtyData,Intégration et nettoyage de données pour l'analyse statistique(2017), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms (MILA), and Université de Montréal [Montréal]
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Statistics - Machine Learning ,Machine Learning (stat.ML) ,[STAT.OT]Statistics [stat]/Other Statistics [stat.ML] ,Machine Learning (cs.LG) ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] - Abstract
International audience; We consider building predictors when the data have missing values. We study the seemingly-simple case where the target to predict is a linear function of the fully-observed data and we show that, in the presence of missing values, the optimal predictor may not be linear. In the particular Gaussian case, it can be written as a linear function of multiway interactions between the observed data and the various missing-value indicators. Due to its intrinsic complexity, we study a simple approximation and prove generalization bounds with finite samples, highlighting regimes for which each method performs best. We then show that multilayer perceptrons with ReLU activation functions can be consistent, and can explore good trade-offs between the true model and approximations. Our study highlights the interesting family of models that are beneficial to fit with missing values depending on the amount of data available.
- Published
- 2020
38. 10,000 Social Brains: Sex Differentiation in Human Brain Anatomy
- Author
-
Hannah Kiesow, Leonhard Schilbach, Tobias Kalenscher, Thomas V. Wiecki, Joseph W. Kable, Danilo Bzdok, Robin I. M. Dunbar, Kai Vogeley, Andre F. Marquand, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen - University Hospital Aachen [Aachen, Germany] (UKA), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), University of Oxford, University of Pennsylvania, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Quantopian Inc [Boston], Montreal Neurological Hospital, McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data (PARIETAL), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms [Montréal] (MILA), Centre de Recherches Mathématiques [Montréal] (CRM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms (MILA), Université de Montréal [Montréal], RWTH Aachen University, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Bzdok, Danilo
- Subjects
Male ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Social Sciences ,Brain mapping ,03 medical and health sciences ,Social support ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,0302 clinical medicine ,Limbic system ,Sex Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,10. No inequality ,Social Behavior ,Research Articles ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Brain Mapping ,Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7] ,Multidisciplinary ,Sexual differentiation ,SciAdv r-articles ,Brain ,Loneliness ,Human brain ,Organ Size ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Social dynamics ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Brain size ,Female ,ddc:500 ,Neural Networks, Computer ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Algorithms ,Cognitive psychology ,Research Article - Abstract
Population variability in social lifestyle is reflected in brain morphology in sex-dependent ways., In human and nonhuman primates, sex differences typically explain much interindividual variability. Male and female behaviors may have played unique roles in the likely coevolution of increasing brain volume and more complex social dynamics. To explore possible divergence in social brain morphology between men and women living in different social environments, we applied probabilistic generative modeling to ~10,000 UK Biobank participants. We observed strong volume effects especially in the limbic system but also in regions of the sensory, intermediate, and higher association networks. Sex-specific brain volume effects in the limbic system were linked to the frequency and intensity of social contact, such as indexed by loneliness, household size, and social support. Across the processing hierarchy of neural networks, different conditions for social interplay may resonate in and be influenced by brain anatomy in sex-dependent ways.
- Published
- 2020
39. A method for eternally dominating strong grids
- Author
-
Gagnon, Alizée, Hassler, Alexander, Huang, Jerry, Krim-Yee, Aaron, Mc Inerney, Fionn, Zacarías, Andrés, Seamone, Ben, Virgile, Virgélot, Département d'Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle [Montreal] (DIRO), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo [Waterloo], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Combinatorics, Optimization and Algorithms for Telecommunications (COATI), COMmunications, Réseaux, systèmes Embarqués et Distribués (Laboratoire I3S - COMRED), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Instituto de Matematicas [México], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mathematics department, Dawson College, Montreal, University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), McGill University, Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-COMmunications, Réseaux, systèmes Embarqués et Distribués (Laboratoire I3S - COMRED), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, Canada, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), and Dawson College
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM) ,Graph Protection ,Combinatorial Games ,[MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO] ,FOS: Mathematics ,Mathematics - Combinatorics ,Combinatorics (math.CO) ,Eternal Domination ,[INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM] ,Graphs ,Physics::History of Physics ,Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics - Abstract
Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science ; vol. 22 no. 1 ; Graph Theory ; 1365-8050, International audience, In the eternal domination game, an attacker attacks a vertex at each turn and a team of guards must move a guard to the attacked vertex to defend it. The guards may only move to adjacent vertices and no more than one guard may occupy a vertex. The goal is to determine the eternal domination number of a graph which is the minimum number of guards required to defend the graph against an infinite sequence of attacks. In this paper, we continue the study of the eternal domination game on strong grids. Cartesian grids have been vastly studied with tight bounds for small grids such as 2��n, 3��n, 4��n, and 5��n grids, and recently it was proven in [Lamprou et al., CIAC 2017, 393-404] that the eternal domination number of these grids in general is within O(m + n) of their domination number which lower bounds the eternal domination number. Recently, Finbow et al. proved that the eternal domination number of strong grids is upper bounded by mn 6 + O(m + n). We adapt the techniques of [Lamprou et al., CIAC 2017, 393-404] to prove that the eternal domination number of strong grids is upper bounded by mn 7 + O(m + n). While this does not improve upon a recently announced bound of ���m/3��� x���n/3��� + O(m ��� n) [Mc Inerney, Nisse, P��rennes, HAL archives, 2018; Mc Inerney, Nisse, P��rennes, CIAC 2019] in the general case, we show that our bound is an improvement in the case where the smaller of the two dimensions is at most 6179.
- Published
- 2020
40. Party penalties for parity: less than meets the eye
- Author
-
Catherine Achin, Amy G. Mazur, Sandrine Lévêque, Éléonore Lépinard, Anja Durovic, Washington State University (WSU), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Centre d'études européennes et de politique comparée (CEE), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales (IRISSO), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre d'études européennes et de politique comparée (Sciences Po, CNRS) (CEE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Triangle : action, discours, pensée politique et économique (TRIANGLE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sciences Po (Sciences Po), Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales, Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)
- Subjects
Gender equality ,Political party sanctions ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Comparative politics ,Women’s representation ,16. Peace & justice ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,0506 political science ,Politics ,Parity ,5. Gender equality ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,050602 political science & public administration ,Sanctions ,050207 economics ,10. No inequality ,Parity (mathematics) ,business ,Accommodation ,Law and economics - Abstract
International audience; This article assesses the pre-adoption, adoption, implementation and impact of party parity penalties established in 2002 to promote gender equality in the National Assembly. The analysis argues that while the penalties were implemented and increased over the years and had some success in enhancing women's numerical representation, from 12.3% of all MPs in 2002 to 38.7% in 2017, rather than being ``more than meets the eye,'' the parity sanctions were actually far less. The limited scope and authority of the parity penalties and the gender-biased norms of key gatekeepers and political elites in the political parties and the high courts have circumscribed the extent of the progress in women's numerical representation and the quality of that representation; women MPs in the National Assembly still remain marginalized in a variety of ways in comparison with their male counterparts. Thus, the outcome of the party parity sanctions, in GEPP terms, is ``gender accommodation'' over ``transformation.''
- Published
- 2020
41. Messi, Ronaldo, and the Politics of Celebrity Elections: Voting for the Best Soccer Player in the World
- Author
-
Christopher J. Anderson, Karine Van der Straeten, Jean-François Daoust, André Blais, Jean-François Laslier, Luc Arrondel, LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS GBR, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Montréal (UdeM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal [Montréal], McGill University, Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Warwick [Coventry], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Political capital ,BF Psychology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,JA ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,Advertising ,16. Peace & justice ,CONTEST ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Popularity ,JA Political science (General) ,0506 political science ,Competition (economics) ,Politics ,0508 media and communications ,Leverage (negotiation) ,Political science ,Capital (economics) ,Voting ,Political Science and International Relations ,050602 political science & public administration ,GV ,GV Recreation Leisure ,media_common - Abstract
International audience; It is widely assumed that celebrities are imbued with political capital and the power to move opinion. To understand the sources of that capital in the specific domain of sports celebrity, we investigate the popularity of global soccer superstars. Specifically, we examine players’ success in the Ballon d’Or—the most high-profile contest to select the world’s best player. Based on historical election results as well as an original survey of soccer fans, we find that certain kinds of players are significantly more likely to win the Ballon d’Or. Moreover, we detect an increasing concentration of votes on these kinds of players over time, suggesting a clear and growing hierarchy in the competition for soccer celebrity. Further analyses of support for the world’s two best players in 2016 (Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo) show that, if properly adapted, political science concepts like partisanship have conceptual and empirical leverage in ostensibly non-political contests.
- Published
- 2020
42. The category of directionality in Russian paired verbs of motion (a case study of LETETʹ / LETATʹ)
- Author
-
Iordanskaja, Lidija, Krylosova, Svetlana, Mel’čuk, Igor, Mikhel, Polina, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Observatoire de linguistique Sens-Texte (OLST), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco), Centre de recherches Europes-Eurasie (CREE EA 4513), Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française (ATILF), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lexicologie Explicative et Combinatoire du russe (LEC-ru), Université de Montréal [Montréal], and Université de Lorraine (UL)
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,толково-комбинаторная лексикография ,русский язык ,derivation ,Russian ,directionality category ,determinate / indeterminate motion verbs ,Language and Linguistics ,флексия ,explanatory-combinatorial lexicography ,моторно-кратные / моторно-некратные глаголы ,деривация ,inflection ,grammeme ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,категория направленности ,граммема - Abstract
International audience; The object of the study is the set of Russian determinate/indeterminate motion verbs (of the LETETʹ / LETATʹ ‘fly’ type). A full-fledged lexicographic description of the LETETʹ / LETATʹ pair is proposed; its analysis leads to the formulation of the semantic difference between the members of determinate/indeterminate motion verb pairs. This difference is described by means of an inflectional verbal category — the category of directionality (napravlennostʹ). Accordingly, the members of a determinate / indeterminate motion verb pair are considered to be inflectional forms of one lexeme; consequently, they can be presented in one lexicographic entry.; Объектом исследования являются русские парные глаголы перемещения (типа ЛЕТЕТЬ / ЛЕТАТЬ), известные как моторно-кратные и моторно-некратные. Дается полное лексикографическое описание глагольной пары ЛЕТЕТЬ / ЛЕТАТЬ, и на его основе формулируется семантическое различие между членами соответствующих пар. Это различие описывается посредством особой флективной глагольной категории — категории направленности. Соответственно, члены пары «моторно-кратный глагол ~ моторно-некратный глагол» считаются флективными формами одной лексемы и, следовательно, могут быть представлены в единой словарной статье.
- Published
- 2020
43. Key questions for next-generation biomonitoring
- Author
-
Andreas Makiola, Zacchaeus G. Compson, Donald J. Baird, Matthew A. Barnes, Sam P. Boerlijst, Agnès Bouchez, Georgina Brennan, Alex Bush, Elsa Canard, Tristan Cordier, Simon Creer, R. Allen Curry, Patrice David, Alex J. Dumbrell, Dominique Gravel, Mehrdad Hajibabaei, Brian Hayden, Berry van der Hoorn, Philippe Jarne, J. Iwan Jones, Battle Karimi, Francois Keck, Martyn Kelly, Ineke E. Knot, Louie Krol, Francois Massol, Wendy A. Monk, John Murphy, Jan Pawlowski, Timothée Poisot, Teresita M. Porter, Kate C. Randall, Emma Ransome, Virginie Ravigné, Alan Raybould, Stephane Robin, Maarten Schrama, Bertrand Schatz, Alireza Tamaddoni-Nezhad, Krijn B. Trimbos, Corinne Vacher, Valentin Vasselon, Susie Wood, Guy Woodward, David A. Bohan, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Environment and Climate Change Canada, University of New Brunswick (UNB), Texas Tech University [Lubbock] (TTU), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Leiden University, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bangor University, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Molecular Ecology and Fisheries Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Department of Integrative Biology & Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Bowburn Consultancy, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Google Inc., Department of genetics and evolution, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Université de Montréal (UdeM), Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), PML, Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Syngenta, Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), Department of Computing, Imperial College London, Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Universiteit Leiden, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), INRAE UMR IGEPP RENNES FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Computer science ,[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy ,DIVERSITY ,01 natural sciences ,Field (computer science) ,TEXT ,Biomonitoring ,0502 Environmental Science and Management ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,General Environmental Science ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,0303 health sciences ,Biodiversity assessment ,Suite ,SCIENCE ,METRICS ,artificial intelligence ,NETWORKS ,biodiversity assessment ,PARADIGM ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Évaluation des ressources ,P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières ,Biodiversité ,Environmental risk management ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Écosystème ,INDEXES ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,Surveillance de l’environnement ,03 medical and health sciences ,QH301 ,ecological networks ,PLANT ,QH426 ,030304 developmental biology ,Science & Technology ,Frame (networking) ,[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology ,15. Life on land ,Data science ,Ecological network ,MICROBIOME ,metabarcoding ,Key (cryptography) ,eDNA ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,ENVIRONMENTAL DNA ,Environmental Sciences ,[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis - Abstract
International audience; Classical biomonitoring techniques have focused primarily on measures linked to various biodiversity metrics and indicator species. Next-generation biomonitoring (NGB) describes a suite of tools and approaches that allow the examination of a broader spectrum of organizational levels-from genes to entire ecosystems. Here, we frame 10 key questions that we envisage will drive the field of NGB over the next decade. While not exhaustive, this list covers most of the key challenges facing NGB, and provides the basis of the next steps for research and implementation in this field. These questions have been grouped into current- and outlook-related categories, corresponding to the organization of this paper.
- Published
- 2020
44. La note de politique comme outil de transfert de connaissances : pour avoir un impact votre note doit d’abord être lue
- Author
-
Dagenais, Christian, Ridde, Valery, Ridde, Valéry, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Université de Montréal [Montréal]
- Subjects
[SHS.ANTHRO-SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,[SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,[SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science - Abstract
Les notes de politique : retour sur notre expérience autour d'un outil de transfert des connaissances pour les décideurs et intervenants Depuis 2010, les équipes de recherche avec qui nous travaillons ont produits des dizaines de notes de politique (NP) afin d'informer les différentes parties prenantes des résultats de nos études et de leur utilité pour les pratiques de santé publique et la prise de décision. La préparation de ces notes devrait toujours s'inscrire dans un processus de transfert de connaissances (TC) plus large, car elles ne sont que des outils au service de la prise de décision. Ainsi, souvent, elles servent d'instruments de discussion lors d'ateliers délibératifs (Ridde et Dagenais, 2017) portant sur la manière dont les résultats pourraient être intégrés dans les pratiques et les politiques publiques. Sur la base de ces expériences, nous avons développé un guide de préparation des NP dont nous nous sommes servis à de multiples reprises dans le cadre d'ateliers de formation auprès des chercheurs et dont nous avons évalué les effets. Ces formations ont été offertes dans différents formats d'une durée allant de trois heures à deux jours. Dans cet éditorial, nous nous basons sur ces différentes expériences pour proposer un format de note de politique qui s'adresse à un public non-chercheur et qui vise à influencer les pratiques et la prise de décision. Les notes de politique : de quoi parle-t-on? Le terme note de politique peut désigner plusieurs types de document et de nombreux termes sont utilisés pour les qualifier: Note technique, Note d'orientation, Evidence brief, Evidence summaries, Research snapshot ... Les définitions qu'on leur donne varient tout autant. On pourrait placer ces définitions sur un continuum du plus « neutre » au plus « interventionniste », mais les deux sont toujours fondés sur des données probantes. La NP « neutre » présente des informations nuancées pour donner un portrait global de la situation au sujet d'une problématique donnée (Moat et al., 2014). La NP plus « interventionniste » propose des solutions à un problème et vise un changement rapide (Arcury et al., 2017; Young et Quinn, 2012). Le modèle proposé par le groupe EVIPNet 1 , est un bon exemple de NP qui se veut neutre. Ce réseau utilise plutôt le terme Evidence brief qu'il définit comme un : « résumé, qui est adapté au contexte spécifique, de ce qui est connu selon une étude ou une revue systématique à propos d'une problématique, de trois options pour résoudre cet enjeu ainsi que les considérations pour leur mise en oeuvre […] les données inclues sont plus souvent des revues systématiques que des études uniques » (Lavis, 2017). La plupart de ces notes contiennent généralement une vingtaine de pages très denses, mais parfois beaucoup plus 2 et ne contiennent jamais de recommandations pour l'action. Pourtant, Avey et Desh (2014) ont démontré que « les décideurs ne lisent pas les articles dépassant 10-15 pages » et notre expérience dans plusieurs contextes depuis 2010 montre que c'est bien moins. De plus, certains appellent à la prudence et affirment qu'il faut éviter de bombarder les décideurs de données probantes (Cairney et Kwiatkowski, 2017). 1 EVIPNet is « a network established by the World Health Organization to promote the systematic use of research evidence in health policy-making » et est financé par l'OMS. 2 Voir par exemple
- Published
- 2020
45. TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access
- Author
-
Kattge, J., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I. C., Leadley, P., Tautenhahn, S., Werner, G. D. A., Aakala, T., Abedi, M., Acosta, A. T. R., Adamidis, G. C., Adamson, K., Aiba, M., Albert, C. H., Alcantara, J. M., Alcazar, C C., Aleixo, I., Ali, H., Amiaud, B., Ammer, C., Amoroso, M. M., Anand, M., Anderson, C., Anten, N., Antos, J., Apgaua, D. M. G., Ashman, T. L., Asmara, D. H., Asner, G. P., Aspinwall, M., Atkin, O., Aubin, I., Baastrup-Spohr, L., Bahalkeh, K., Bahn, M., Baker, T., Baker, W. J., Bakker, J. P., Baldocchi, D., Baltzer, J., Banerjee, A., Baranger, A., Barlow, J., Barneche, D. R., Baruch, Z., Bastianelli, D., Battles, J., Bauerle, W., Bauters, M., Bazzato, E., Beckmann, M., Beeckman, H., Beierkuhnlein, C., Bekker, R., Belfry, G., Belluau, M., Beloiu, M., Benavides, R., Benomar, L., Berdugo-Lattke, M. L., Berenguer, E., Bergamin, R., Bergmann, J., Bergmann Carlucci, M., Berner, L., Bernhardt Romermann, M., Bigler, C., Bjorkman, A. D., Blackman, C., Blanco, C., Blonder, B., Blumenthal, D., Bocanegra Gonzalez, K. T., Boeckx, P., Bohlman, S., Bohning Gaese, K., Boisvert Marsh, L., Bond, W., Bond-Lamberty, B., Boom, A., Boonman, C. C. F., Bordin, K., Boughton, E. H., Boukili, V., Bowman, D. M. J. S., Bravo, S., Brende, l M. R., Broadley, M. R., Brown, K. A., Bruelheide, H., Brumnich, F., Bruun, H. H., Bruy, D., Buchanan, S. W., Bucher, S. F., Buchmann, N., Buitenwerf, R., Bunker, D. E., Burge, r J., Burrascano, S., Burslem, D. F. R. P., Butterfield, B. J., Byun, C., Marques, M., Scalon, M. C., Caccianiga, M., Cadotte, M., Cailleret, M., Camac, J., Camarero, J. J., Campany, C., Campetella, G., Campos, J. A., Cano Arboleda, L., Canullo, R., Carbognani, M., Carvalho, F., Casanoves, F., Castagneyrol, B., Catford, J. A., Cavender Bares, J., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Cervellini, M., Chacon Madrigal, E., Chapin, K., Chapin, F. S., Chelli, S., Chen, S. C., Chen, A., Cherubini, P., Chianucci, F., Choat, B., Chung, K. S., Chytry, M., Ciccarelli, D., Coll, L., Collins, C. G., Conti, L., Coomes, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Cornwell, W. K., Corona, P., Coyea, M., Craine, J., Craven, D., Cromsigt, J. P. G. M., Csecserits, A., Cufar, K., Cuntz, M., da Silva, A. C., Dahlin, K. M., Dainese, M., Dalke, I., Dalle Fratte, M., Dang Le, A. T., Danihelka, J., Dannoura, M., Dawson, S., de Beer, A. J., De Frutos, A., De Long, J. R., Dechant, B., Delagrange, S., Delpierre, N., Derroire, G., Dias, A. S., Diaz Toribio, M. H., Dimitrakopoulos, P. G., Dobrowolski, M., Doktor, D., Drevojan, P., Dong, N., Dransfield, J., Dressler, S., Duarte, L., Ducouret, E., Dullinger, S., Durka, W., Duursma, R., Dymova, O., E- Vojtko, A., Eckstein, R. L., Ejtehadi, H., Elser, J., Emilio, T., Engemann, K., Erfanian, M. B., Erfmeier, A., Esquivel Muelbert, A., Esser, G., Estiarte, M., Domingues, T. F., Fagan, W. F., Fagundez, J., Falster, D. S., Fan, Y., Fang, J., Farris, E., Fazlioglu, F., Feng, Y., Fernandez, Mendez, Ferrara, C., Ferreira, J., Fidelis, A., Finegan, B., Firn, J., Flowers, T. J., Flynn, D. F. B., Fontana, V., Forey, E., Forgiarini, C., Francois, L., Frangipani, M., Frank, D., Frenette Dussault, C., Freschet, G. T., Fry, E. L., Fyllas, N. M., Mazzochini, G. G., Gachet, S., Gallagher, R., Ganade, G., Ganga, F., Garcia Palacios, P., Gargaglione, V., Garnier, E., Garrido, J. L., de Gasper, A. L., Gea Izquierdo, G., Gibson, D., Gillison, A. N., Giroldo, A., Glasenhardt, M. C., Gleason, S., Gliesch, M., Goldberg, E., Goldel, B., Gonzalez Akre, E., Gonzalez Andujar, J. L., Gonzalez Melo, A., Gonzalez Robles, A., Graae, B. J., Granda, E., Graves, S., Green, W. A., Gregor, T., Gross, N., Guerin, G. R., Gunther, A., Gutierrez, A. G., Haddock, L., Haines, A., Hall, J., Hambuckers, A., Han, W., Harrison, S. P., Hattingh, W., Hawes, J. E., He, T., He, P., Heberling, J. M., Helm, A., Hempel, S., Hentschel, J., Herault, B., Heres, A. M., Herz, K., Heuertz, M., Hickler, T., Hietz, P., Higuchi, P., Hipp, A. L., Hirons, A., Hock, M., Hogan, J. A., Holl, K., Honnay, O., Hornstein, D., Hou, E., Hough Snee, N., Hovstad, K. A., Ichie, T., Igic, B., Illa, E., Isaac, M., Ishihara, M., Ivanov, L., Ivanova, L., Iversen, C. M., Izquierdo, J., Jackson, R. B., Jackson, B., Jactel, H., Jagodzinsk, A. M., Jandt, U., Jansen, S., Jenkins, T., Jentsch, A., Jespersen, J. R. P., Jiang, G. F., Johansen, J. L., Johnson, D., Jokela, E. J., Joly, C. A., Jordan, G. J., Joseph, G. S., Junaedi, D., Junker, R. R., Justes, E., Kabzems, R., Kane, J., Kaplan, Z., Kattenborn, T., Kavelenova, L., Kearsley, E., Kempel, A., Kenzo, T., Kerkhoff, A., Khalil, M. I., Kinlock, N. L., Kissling, W. D., Kitajima, K., Kitzberger, T., Kjoller, R., Klein, T., Kleyer, M., Klimesova, J., Klipel, J., Kloeppel, B., Klotz, S., Knops, J. M. H., Kohyama, T., Koike, F., Kollmann, J., Komac, B., Komatsu, K., Konig, C., Kraft, N. J. B., Kramer, K., Kreft, H., Kuhn, I., Kumarathune, D., Kuppler, J., Kurokawa, H., Kurosawa, Y., Kuyah, S., Laclau, J. P., Lafleur, B., Lallai, E., Lamb, E., Lamprecht, A., Larkin, D. J., Laughlin, D., Le Bagousse Pinguet, Y., le Maire, G., le Roux, P. C., le Roux, E., Lee, T., Lens, F., Lewis, S. L., Lhotsky, B., Li, Y., Li, X., Lichstein, J. W., Liebergesell, M., Lim, J. Y., Lin, Y. S., Linares, Y. C., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, U., Livingstone, S., Llusia, J., Lohbeck, M., Lopez Garcia, A., Lopez Gonzalez, G., Lososov, a Z., Louault, F., Lukacs, B. A., Lukes, P., Luo, Y., Lussu, M., Ma, S., Maciel Rabelo Pereira, C., Mack, M., Maire, V., Makela, A., Makinen, H., Malhado, A. C. M., Mallik, A., Manning, P., Manzoni, S., Marchetti, Z., Marchino, L., Marcilio Silva, V., Marcon, E., Marignani, M., Markesteijn, L., Martin, A., Martinez Garza, C., Martinez Vilalta, J., Maskova, T., Mason, K., Mason, N., Massad, T. J., Masse, J., Mayrose, I., Mccarthy, J., Mccormack, M. L., Mcculloh, K., Mcfadden, I., Mcgill, B. J., Mcpartland, M. Y., Medeiros, J., Medlyn, B., Meerts, P., Mehrabi, Z., Meir, P., Melo, F., P. L., Mencuccini, M., Meredieu, C., Messier, J., Meszaros, I., Metsaranta, J., Michaletz, S. T., Michelaki, C., Migalina, S., Milla, R., Miller, J., E. D., Minden, V., Ming, R., Mokany, K., Moles, A. T., Molnar, A., Molofsky, J., Molz, M., Montgomery, R. A., Monty, A., Moravcova, L., Moreno Martinez, A., Moretti, M., Mori, A. S., Mori, S., Morris, D., Morrison, J., Mucina, L., Mueller, S., Muir, C. D., Muller, S. C., Munoz, F., Myers Smith, I. H., Myster, R. W., Nagano, M., Naidu, S., Narayanan, A., Natesan, B., Negoita, L., Nelson, A. S., Neuschulz, E. L., Ni, J., Niedrist, G., Nieto, J., Niinemets, U., Nolan, R., Nottebrock, H., Nouvellon, Y., Novakovskiy, A., Nystuen, K. O., O'Grady, A., O'Hara, K., O'Reilly Nugent, A., Oakley, S., Oberhuber, W., Ohtsuka, T., Oliveira, R., Ollerer, K., Olson, M. E., Onipchenko, V., Onoda, Y., Onstein, R. E., Ordonez, J. C., Osada, N., Ostonen, I., Ottaviani, G., Otto, S., Overbeck, G. E., Ozinga, W. A., Pahl, A. T., Paine, C. E. T., Pakeman, R. J., Papageorgiou, A. C., Parfionova, E., Partel, M., Patacca, M., Paula, S., Paule, J., Pauli, H., Pausas, J., Peco, B., Penuelas, J., Perea, A., Peri, P. L., Petisco Souza, A. C., Petraglia, A., Petritan, A. M., Phillips, O. L., Pierce, S., Pillar, V. D., Pisek, J., Pomogaybin, A., Poorter, H., Portsmuth, A., Poschlod, P., Potvin, C., Pounds, D., Powell, A., Power, S. A., Prinzing, A., Puglielli, G., Pysek, P., Raevel, V., Rammig, A., Ransijn, J., Ray, C. A., Reich, P. B., Reichstein, M., Reid, D. E. B., Rejou Mechain, M., de Dios, V. R., Ribeiro, S., Richardson, S., Riibak, K., Rillig, M. C., Riviera, F., Robert, E. M. R., Roberts, S., Robroek, B., Roddy, A., Rodrigues, A. V., Rogers, A., Rollinson, E., Rolo, V., Romermann, C., Ronzhina, D., Roscher, C., Rosell, J. A., Rosenfield, M. F., Rossi, C., Roy, D. B., Royer Tardif, S., Ruger, N., Ruiz Peinado, R., Rumpf, S. B., Rusch, G. M., Ryo, M., Sack, L., Saldana, A., Salgado Negret, B., Salguero Gomez, R., Santa Regina, I., Santacruz Garcia, A. C., Santos, J., Sardans, J., Schamp, B., Scherer Lorenzen, M., Schleuning, M., Schmid, B., Schmidt, M., Schmitt, S., Schneider, J. V., Schowanek, S. D., Schrader, J., Schrodt, F., Schuldt, B., Schurr, F., Selaya Garvizu, G., Semchenko, M., Seymour, C., Sfair, J. C., Sharpe, J. M., Sheppard, C. S., Sheremetiev, S., Shiodera, S., Shipley, B., Shovon, T. A., Siebenkas, A., Sierra, C., Silva, V., Silva, M., Sitzia, T., Sjoman, H., Slot, M., Smith, N. G., Sodhi, D., Soltis, P., Soltis, D., Somers, B., Sonnier, G., Sorensen, M. V., Sosinski, E. E., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Souza, A. F., Spasojevic, M., Sperandii, M. G., Stan, A. B., Stegen, J., Steinbauer, K., Stephan, J. G., Sterck, F., Stojanovic, D. B., Strydom, T., Suarez, M. L., Svenning, J. C., Svitkova, I., Svitok, M., Svoboda, M., Swaine, E., Swenson, N., Tabarelli, M., Takagi, K., Tappeiner, U., Tarifa, R., Tauugourdeau, S., Tavsanoglu, C., te Beest, M., Tedersoo, L., Thiffault, N., Thom, D., Thomas, E., Thompson, K., Thornton, P. E., Thuiller, W., Tichy, L., Tissue, D., Tjoelker, M. G., Tng, D. Y. P., Tobias, J., Torok, P., Tarin, T., Torres Ruiz, J. M., Tothmeresz, B., Treurnicht, M., Trivellone, V., Trolliet, F., Trotsiuk, V., Tsakalos, J. L., Tsiripidis, I., Tysklind, N., Umehara, T., Usoltsev, V., Vadeboncoeur, M., Vaezi, J., Valladares, F., Vamosi, J., van Bodegom, P. M., van Breugel, M., Van Cleemput, E., van de Weg, M., van der Merwe, S., van der Plas, F., van der Sande, M. T., van Kleunen, M., Van Meerbeek, K., Vanderwel, M., Vanselow, K. A., Varhammar, A., Varone, L., Vasquez Valderrama, M. Y., Vassilev, K., Vellend, M., Veneklaas, E. J., Verbeeck, H., Verheyen, K., Vibrans, A., Vieira, I., Villacis, J., Violle, C., Vivek, P., Wagner, K., Waldram, M., Waldron, A., Walker, A . P., Waller, M., Walther, G., Wang, H., Wang, F., Wang, W., Watkins, H., Watkins, J., Weber, U., Weedon, J. T., Wei, L., Weigelt, P., Weiher, E., Wells, A. W., Wellstein, C., Wenk, E., Westoby, M., Westwood, A., White, P. J., Whitten, M., Williams, M., Winkler, D. E., Winter, K., Womack, C., Wright, I. J., Wright, S. J., Wright, J., Pinho, B. X., Ximenes, F., Yamada, T., Yamaji, K., Yanai, R., Yankov, N., Yguel, B., Zanini, K. J., Zanne, A. E., Zeleny, D., Zhao, Y. P., Zheng, J., Zieminska, K., Zirbel, C. R., Zizka, G., Zo Bi, I. C., Zotz, G., Wirth, C., Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant - Clermont Auvergne (PIAF), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Unité Expérimentale Forêt Pierroton (UEFP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Max Planck SocietyFoundation CELLEX German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig International Programme of Biodiversity Science (DIVERSITAS) International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) French Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB) GIS 'Climat, Environnement et Societe' France AXA Research Fund NERC Natural Environment Research Council Future Earth, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal [Córdoba] (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales [Córdoba], Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina]-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imperial College London, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Zoology [Oxford], University of Oxford, Balliol College, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), Department of Environment [Aegean], University of the Aegean, Institute of Ecology and Evolution [Bern, Switzerland], University of Bern, University of Tartu, Tohoku University [Sendai], Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Jaén (UJA), Instituto Alexander Von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Forest Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen] (CBL), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural (IRNAD), Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, El Bolsón, Argentina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Smithfield, Qld, Australia, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Centre for Forest Research, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA, University of North Florida [Jacksonville] (UNF), Australian National University (ANU), Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada, Department of Biology [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Department of Ecology [Innsbruck], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, University of Leeds, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, UK, Conservation Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Biology Department, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada, Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA, AgroParisTech, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, University of Exeter, University of Adelaide, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), Groningen Institute of Archaeology (GIA), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, CO, USA, Département des Science, Université du Québec À Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, Department of Biogeography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia, Fundación Natura, Bogota, Colombia, Environmental Change Institute, Laboratório de Estudos em Vegetação Campestre (LEVCamp), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany, Laboratório de Ecologia Funcional de Comunidades (LABEF), Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems (SICCS), Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, ETH Zurich, Universitatstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland, University of Gothenburg (GU), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA, USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources & Systems Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Dinámica de Ecosistémas Tropicales - Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia, Laboratory of Applied Physical Chemistry - ISOFYS (Gent, Belgium), School of Forest Resources and Conservation [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS|FFGS), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, SAEON Fynbos Node, Claremont, South Africa, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD, USA, University of Leicester, Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal (LEVEG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, Archbold Biological Station’s Buck Island Ranch, FL, Lake Placid, USA, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina, Universität Hohenheim, School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Department of Geography and Geology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FICH-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), University of Toronto at Scarborough, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, New Jersey Institute of Technology [Newark] (NJIT), University of Rostock, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, Departamento de Botânica, SCB, UFPR – Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Centre of Excellence for Bioscurity Risk Analysis, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Departamento de Geociencias y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Colombia, Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza - Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Geography, King’s College London, London, UK, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), University of Arizona, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], Department of Biology [Fort Collins], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, CREA – Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Arezzo, Italy, Western Sydney University, ungwon University, Goesan, Chungbuk, Korea, Department of Botany and Zoology [Brno] (SCI / MUNI), Faculty of Science [Brno] (SCI / MUNI), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI)-Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering (EAGROF), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain, Joint Research Unit CTFC – AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Life Sciences Prague, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, Jonah Ventures, Boulder, CO, USA, Centro de Modelación y Monitoreo de Ecosistemas, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Ljubljana, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, SC, Brazil, Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA, Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, Russia, University of Science – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Swedish Species Information Centre, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Department Computational Landscape Ecology [UFZ Leipsig], Department Computational Hydrosystems, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Institute of Temperate Forest Sciences (ISFORT), Ripon, QC, Canada, UQO, Department of Natural Sciences, Ripon, QC, Canada, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), The University of Western Australia (UWA), School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Universität Wien, Karlstad University [Sweden], Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado (PNPD), Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Institute for Ecosystem Research/Geobotany, Kiel University, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), FFCLRP-USP, Department of Biology [USA], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, University of A Coruña (UDC), School of Physics [UNSW Sydney] (UNSW), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University of Peking, Peking University [Beijing], Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Ordu University - Ordu Üniversitesi, Lanzhou University, Universidad del Tolima, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza (CATIE), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), University of Sussex, Harvard University, Institute for Alpine Environment, European Academy of Bozen-Bolzano (EURAC), Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire (LPAP), Université de Liège, Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, University of Manchester [Manchester], Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Macquarie University, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal] (UFRN), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA), Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), INIA-CIFOR, Southern Illinois University [Carbondale] (SIU), Center for Biodiversity Management, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Cearà, The Morton Arboretum, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Centre Supérieur de la Recherche Scientifique (CSIC), Centre Supérieur de la Recherche Scientifique, Universidad del Rosario [Bogota], Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Université Paris Sud (Paris 11), Senckenberg Research Institutes and Natural History Museums, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)-University of Maryland [College Park], Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, University of Liege, Université de Liège - Gembloux, Institut Pasteur de Shanghai, Académie des Sciences de Chine - Chinese Academy of Sciences (IPS-CAS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Bristol [Bristol], University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Murdoch University, Carnegie Museum of Natural History [Pittsburgh], Transilvania University of Brasov, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), University Centre Myerscough, Kiel University, Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Division of Plant Ststematic and Ecology, Biology department, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), University of Applied Sciences of Weihenstephan, Four Peaks Environmental Science and Data Solutions, Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Kochi University of Technology (KUT), University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Kyoto University, Tyumen State University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Stanford University, University of Edinburgh, Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Philips Research Europe - Hamburg, Sector Medical Imaging Systems, Philips Research, Institute for Systematic Botany and Ecology, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Bayreuth, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Guangxi Normal University, University College of London [London] (UCL), Hobart - Tasmania 7001, University of Venda [South Africa] (UNIVEN), University of Melbourne, Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, Agrosystèmes Cultivés et Herbagers (ARCHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, Humboldt State University (HSU), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Samara National Research University, Institute of Plant Sciences, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Kenyon College, University of Garmian, State University of New York (SUNY), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Agricultural Research Organization, Landscape Ecology Group, University of Oldenburg, Western Carolina University, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University [Suzhou], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Yokohama National University, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Institut d Estudis Andorrans, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, Yamagata University, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Mountain Risk Engineering - Vienna, Austria, University of Wyoming (UW), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Département de biologie [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Faculté des sciences [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Yangzhou University, Leipzig University, University Pablo de Olavide, Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], Royal Botanical Gardens, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen]-Research Centre for Molecular Medicine-Medical and Health Science Centre, Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Universidade Federal de Alagoas = Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Lakehead University, Stockholm University, Universidad Nacional del Litoral [Santa Fe] (UNL), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Bangor University, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], Gorongosa National Park, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Tel Aviv University (TAU), University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Maine, Holden Arboretum, Hawkesbury Institute for he Environment, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Végétale et Biogéochimie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of British Columbia (UBC), Research School of Biology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Tucson] (EEB), University of Debrecen, Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service - CFS (CANADA), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], Data61 [Canberra] (CSIRO), Australian National University (ANU)-Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen], University of Vermont [Burlington], Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, University of Montana, Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], University of Hawaii, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU), Osaka City University, Charles Darwin Research Station (CDRS), Charles Darwin Foundation, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Zhejiang Normal University, European Academy of Bolzano, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas [Bogota], University of Bayreuth, Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), CSIRO Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of Canberra, CEH, Department of Systems and Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University-Kyoto University, Departamento de Telemática, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação (DT/FEEC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Moscow State University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Meijo University, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences [Tartu], Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ASU / CAS), University of Nijmegen, University of New England (UNE), The James Hutton Institute, Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, University of Vienna [Vienna], Center for Desertification Research (CIDE), Universitat de València (UV), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Université de Jaén, National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, Department of Plant Production (University of Milan), Tartu Observatory, Botanical Garden of the Samara University, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Tallinn University, Universität Regensburg (REGENSBURG), Universität Regensburg, School of Social Sciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Research Institute for Networks and Communications Engineering (RINCE), Dublin City University [Dublin] (DCU)-Science Foundation Ireland-Enterprise Ireland-Higher Education Authority-School of Electronic Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology [Mianyang] (SWUST), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Centre méditérannéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Southampton, Yale University [New Haven], Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), East Stroudsburg University, INDEHESA, Forestry School, Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Institute of Physical Geography [Frankfurt am Main], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Lake Ecosystems Group [Lancaster, U.K.] (Centre for Ecology & Hydrology), Lancaster Environment Centre [Lancaster, U.K.], University of Valladolid, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Algoma University, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), University of Würzburg = Universität Würzburg, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Herencia, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Federal University of Pernambuco [Recife], Sharplex Services, University of Hohenheim, Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Center for Sustainability Science, Hokkaido, Département de Biologie, University of Regina (UR), Technische Universität Ilmenau (TU ), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Universidade Federal de Lavras = Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Department of Biology [Gainesville] (UF|Biology), Texas Tech University [Lubbock] (TTU), Florida Museum of Natural History [Gainesville], KU Leuven, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia [Brasília], Universiteit Leiden, University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, (BOKU) and Competence Centre Wood K plus, University of Novi Sad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche] (INIBIOMA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Technical University in Zvolen (TUZVO), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), University of Aberdeen, University of Maryland System, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Estacion Experimental de Zonas Aridas, Hacettepe University = Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Centre for Forest Research (CFR), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Bioversity International [Montpellier], Bioversity International [Rome], Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Department of Animal and Plant Sciences [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], The School for Field Studies, Quantum Optics and Laser Science, Blackett Laboratory, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, University of Delaware [Newark], Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, Stellenbosch University, Czech University of Life Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Osaka Natural History Center, Ural State Forest Engineering University, University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Calgary, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology (CAVElab), Dept Forest & Water Management, Lab Forestry, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA [Belém, Brazil] (UFPA), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Fudan University [Shanghai], Department of Ecological Science [Amsterdam], Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Biology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Dpt Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Duke University [Durham], IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Department of Primary Industries, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), Biological Sciences Department (BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT), Nanjing University (NJU), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Zhejiang University, Beijing Forestry University, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Universität Leipzig, Max Planck Fellow Program for Christian Wirth, the International Programme of Biodiversity Science (DIVERSITAS), the International Geosphere‐Biosphere Programme (IGBP), Future Earth, the French Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB), and GIS ‘Climat, Environnement et Société’ France, JENS KATTGE, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, ELLEN L. FRY, UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE, BELGIUM, NIKOLAOS M. FYLLAS, UNIVERSITY OF THE AEGEAN, GREECE, GERHARD BÖNISCH, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, SUSANNE TAUTENHAHN, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, JENA, GERMANY, GIJSBERT D. A. WERNER, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, OXFORD, UK, TUOMAS AAKALA, UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI, FINLAND, MEHDI ABEDI, TARBIAT MODARES UNIVERSITY, IRAN, ALICIA T. R. ACOSTA, UNIVERSITY OF ROMA TRE, ITALY, GEORGE C. ADAMIDIS, UNIVERSITY OF BERN, SWITZERLAND, KAIRI ADAMSON, UNIVERSITY OF TARTU, ESTONIA, MASAHIRO AIBA, TOHOKU UNIVERSITY, JAPAN., CÉCILE H. ALBERT, AIX MARSEILLE UNIV, UNIV AVIGNON, FRANCE., JULIO M. ALCÁNTARA, UNIVERSIDAD DE JAÉN, SPAIN, CAROLINA ALCÁZAR C, Instituto Alexander Von Humboldt, Colombia., HAMADA ALI, SUEZ CANAL UNIVERSITY, EGYPT, BERNARD AMIAUD, UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE, FRANCE., CHRISTIAN AMMER, UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN, GERMANY, MARIANO M. AMOROSO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE RÍO NEGRO, ARGENTINA, MADHUR ANAND, UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH, CANADA., MARIJN BAUTERS, GHENT UNIVERSITY, BELGIUM., ERIKA BAZZATO, UNIVERSITY OF CAGLIARI, ITALY., MICHAEL BECKMANN, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Germany., HANS BEECKMAN, ROYAL MUSEUM FOR CENTRAL AFRICA, BELGIUM., CARL BEIERKUHNLEIN, UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH, GERMANY., RENEE BEKKER, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, THE NETHERLANDS., JOANA BERGMANN, FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN, GERMANY., MARCOS BERGMANN CARLUCCI, UFPC, LOGAN BERNER, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, USA., MARKUS BERNHARDT-RÖMERMANN, FRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIVERSITY JENA, GERMANY., CHRISTOF BIGLER, ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND., FEDERICO BRUMNICH, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL LITORAL (FICH-UNL), ARGENTINA, HANS HENRIK BRUUN, UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK, DAVID BRUY, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, SERRA W. BUCHANAN, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO SCARBOROUGH, CANADA, ROBERT BUITENWERF, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, DANIEL E. BUNKER, NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, USA, JANA BÜRGER, UNIVERSITY OF ROSTOCK, GERMANY, SABINA BURRASCANO, SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME, ITALY, DAVID F. R. P. BURSLEM, UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN, UK, BRADLEY J. BUTTERFIELD, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, USA, CHAEHO BYUN, YONSEI UNIVERSITY, KOREA, MARINA C. SCALON, UFP, MARCO CACCIANIGA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO, ITALY, MARC CADOTTE, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO SCARBOROUGH, CANADA, MAXIME CAILLERET, AIX?MARSEILLE UNIVERSITY, FRANCE, JAMES CAMAC, THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA, JESÚS JULIO CAMARERO, INSTITUTO PIRENAICO DE ECOLOGÍA (IPE?CSIC), SPAIN, COURTNEY CAMPANY, COLGATE UNIVERSITY, USA, GIANDIEGO CAMPETELLA, UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO, ITALY, JUAN ANTONIO CAMPOS, UNIVERSITY OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY UPV/EHU, SPAIN, LAURA CANO-ARBOLEDA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, ROBERTO CANULLO, UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO, ITALY, MICHELE CARBOGNANI, UNIVERSITY OF PARMA, ITALY, FABIO CARVALHO, LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, UK, BASTIEN CASTAGNEYROL, UNIV. BORDEAUX, FRANCE, JANE A. CATFORD, KING'S COLLEGE LONDON, UK, JEANNINE CAVENDER-BARES, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, USA, BRUNO E. L. CERABOLINI, UNIVERSITY OF INSUBRIA, ITALY, MARCO CERVELLINI, UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA, ITALY, EDUARDO CHACÓN-MADRIGAL, UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA, COSTA RICA, KENNETH CHAPIN, THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, USA, SAMANTHA DAWSON, SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, AREND JACOBUS DE BEER, UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA, SOUTH AFRICA, ANGEL DE FRUTOS, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, GERMANY, LEANDRO DUARTE, UFRGS, EMILIE DUCOURET, UMR ECOFOG (AGROPARISTECH, CNRS, INRA, UNIVERSITÉ DES ANTILLES, UNIVERSITÉ DE LA GUYANE), FRANCE, STEFAN DULLINGER, UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA, DAN F. B. FLYNN, ARNOLD ARBORETUM OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY, USA, VERONIKA FONTANA, INSTITUTE FOR ALPINE ENVIRONMENT, ITALY, KYONG-SOOK CHUNG, JUNGWON UNIVERSITY, KOREA, MILAN CHYTRÝ, MASARYK UNIVERSITY, CZECH REPUBLIC, DANIELA CICCARELLI, UNIVERSITY OF PISA, ITALY, LLUÍS COLL, UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA, SPAIN, COURTNEY G. COLLINS, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE, USA, LUISA CONTI, UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC, DAVID COOMES, UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE, UK, JOHANNES H. C. CORNELISSEN, VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT, THE NETHERLANDS, WILLIAM K. CORNWELL, EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, AUSTRALIA, PIERMARIA CORONA, CREA – RESEARCH CENTRE FOR FORESTRY AND WOOD, ITALY, MARIE COYEA, UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL, CANADA, JOSEPH CRAINE, JONAH VENTURES, USA, DYLAN CRAVEN, UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR, CHILE, JORIS P. G. M. CROMSIGT, SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, SWEDEN, ANIKÓ CSECSERITS, MTA CENTRE FOR ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, HUNGARY, KATARINA CUFAR, UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA, SLOVENIA, MATTHIAS CUNTZ, UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE, FRANCE, ANA CAROLINA DA SILVA, SANTA CATARINA STATE UNIVERSITY, BRAZIL, KYLA M. DAHLIN, MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, MATTEO DAINESE, INSTITUTE FOR ALPINE ENVIRONMENT, ITALY, IGOR DALKE, INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY OF KOMI SCIENCE CENTRE OF THE URAL BRANCH OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, RUSSIA, MICHELE DALLE FRATTE, UNIVERSITY OF INSUBRIA, ITALY, ANH TUAN DANG-LE, UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM, JIRÍ DANIHELKA, MASARYK UNIVERSITY, CZECH REPUBLIC, MASAKO DANNOURA, KYOTO UNIVERSITY, JAPAN, JONATHAN R. DE LONG, NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY, THE NETHERLANDS, BENJAMIN DECHANT, SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, SYLVAIN DELAGRANGE, INSTITUTE OF TEMPERATE FOREST SCIENCES (ISFORT), CANADA, NICOLAS DELPIERRE, UNIVERSITY OF PARIS?SUD, FRANCE, GÉRALDINE DERROIRE, UNIVERSITÉ DES ANTILLES, FRANCE, ARILDO S. DIAS, UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT, GERMANY, MILTON HUGO DIAZ-TORIBIO, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA, PANAYIOTIS G. DIMITRAKOPOULOS, UNIVERSITY OF THE AEGEAN, GREECE, MARK DOBROWOLSKI, THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIA, DANIEL DOKTOR, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH – UFZ, GERMANY, PAVEL DREVOJAN, MASARYK UNIVERSITY, CZECH REPUBLIC, NING DONG, MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, JOHN DRANSFIELD, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS KEW, UK, STEFAN DRESSLER, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION, GERMANY, WALTER DURKA, GERMAN CENTER FOR INTEGRATIVE BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH (IDIV) HALLE?JENA?LEIPZIG, GERMANY, REMKO DUURSMA, WESTERN SYDNEY UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, OLGA DYMOVA, KOMI REPUBLIC, RUSSIA, E-VOJTKÓ, A., UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH BOHEMIA, CZECH REPUBLIC, ROLF LUTZ ECKSTEIN, KARLSTAD UNIVERSITY, SWEDEN, HAMID EJTEHADI, FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD, IRAN, JAMES ELSER, UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, USA, THAISE EMILIO, UNIVERSITY OF CAMPINAS UNICAMP, BRAZIL, KRISTINE ENGEMANN, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, MOHAMMAD BAGHER ERFANIAN, FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD, IRAN, ALEXANDRA ERFMEIER, KIEL UNIVERSITY, KIEL, GERMANY, ADRIANE ESQUIVEL-MUELBERT, EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, AUSTRALIA, GERD ESSER, JUSTUS LIEBIG UNIVERSITY, GERMANY, MARC ESTIARTE, SPANISH NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL – CSIC, SPAIN, TOMAS F. DOMINGUES, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY – FFCLRP/USP, BRAZIL, WILLIAM F. FAGAN, UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, USA, JAIME FAGÚNDEZ, UNIVERSITY OF A CORUÑA, SPAIN, DANIEL S. FALSTER, EVOLUTION & ECOLOGY RESEARCH CENTRE, AUSTRALIA, YING FAN, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, USA, JINGYUN FANG, PEKING UNIVERSITY, CHINA, EMMANUELE FARRIS, UNIVERSITY OF SASSARI, ITALY, FATIH FAZLIOGLU, ORDU UNIVERSITY, TURKEY, YANHAO FENG, LANZHOU UNIVERSITY, CHINA, FERNANDO FERNANDEZ-MENDEZ, UNIVERSIDAD DEL TOLIMA, COLOMBIA, CARLOTTA FERRARA, CREA – RESEARCH CENTRE FOR FORESTRY AND WOOD, ITALY, JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU, ALESSANDRA FIDELIS, (UNESP), RIO CLARO, BRAZIL, BRYAN FINEGAN, CATIE-CENTRO AGRONÓMICO TROPICAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y ENSEÑANZA, COSTA RICA, JENNIFER FIRN, QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (QUT), AUSTRALIA, TIMOTHY J. FLOWERS, UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX, UK, ESTELLE FOREY, UNIVERSITÉ DE ROUEN, FRANCE, CRISTIANE FORGIARINI, UFRGS, BRAZIL., LOUIS FRANÇOIS, UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE, BELGIUM., MARCELO FRANGIPANI, UFRGS, BRAZIL, DOROTHEA FRANK, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, CEDRIC FRENETTE-DUSSAULT, GÉOPOLE DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE, CANADA, GRÉGOIRE T. FRESCHET, PAUL SABATIER UNIVERSITY TOULOUSE, FRANCE, PAUL LEADLEY, UNIVERSITY OF PARIS-SUD, UNIVERSITÉ PARIS-SACLAY, ORSAY, FRANCE, IZABELA ALEIXO, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AMAZONIAN RESEARCH (INPA), BRAZIL, SANDRA DÍAZ, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CÓRDOBA, ARGENTINA, SANDRA LAVOREL, UNIV. SAVOIE MONT BLANC, LECA, GRENOBLE, FRANCE, IAIN COLIN PRENTICE, IMPERIAL COLLEGE, UK., CAROLYN ANDERSON, UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST, USA, NIELS ANTEN, WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY, THE NETHERLANDS, JOSEPH ANTOS, UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA, CANADA, DEBORAH MATTOS GUIMARÃES APGAUA, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, TIA-LYNN ASHMAN, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, USA, DEGI HARJA ASMARA, UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL, CANADA, GREGORY P. ASNER, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA., MICHAEL ASPINWALL, UNIVERSITY OF NORTH FLORIDA, USA., OWEN ATKIN, AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA., ISABELLE AUBIN, NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA, LARS BAASTRUP-SPOHR, UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK., KHADIJEH BAHALKEH, TARBIAT MODARES UNIVERSITY, IRAN., MICHAEL BAHN, UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA., TIMOTHY BAKER, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, LEEDS, UK., WILLIAM J. BAKER, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS KEW, UK., JAN P. BAKKER, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, THE NETHERLANDS., DENNIS BALDOCCHI, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY, USA., JENNIFER BALTZER, WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY, CANADA, ARINDAM BANERJEE, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, USA., ANNE BARANGER, AGROPARISTECH, FRANCE., JOS BARLOW, LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, UK., DIEGO R. BARNECHE, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, UK., ZDRAVKO BARUCH, THE UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA., DENIS BASTIANELLI, UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE., JOHN BATTLES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY, USA, WILLIAM BAUERLE, COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, SOLVEIG FRANZISKA BUCHER, FRIEDRICH?SCHILLER?UNIVERSITÄT JENA, GERMANY, GAVIN BELFRY, UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE, USA., MICHAEL BELLUAU, UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL, CANADA., MIRELA BELOIU, UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH, GERMANY., RAQUEL BENAVIDES, MUSEO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS NATURALES-CSIC, SPAIN., LAHCEN BENOMAR, UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL, CANADA., MARY LEE BERDUGO-LATTKE, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA., ERIKA BERENGUER, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, UK., RODRIGO BERGAMIN, UFRS, NINA BUCHMANN, ETH ZURICH, ZURICH, SWITZERLAND, ANNE D. BJORKMAN, UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN., CHRIS BLACKMAN, UNIVERSITÉ CLERMONT-AUVERGNE, FRANCE., CAROLINA BLANCO, UFRGS, BENJAMIN BLONDER, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA., DANA BLUMENTHAL, USDA-ARS RANGELAND RESOURCES & SYSTEMS RESEARCH UNIT, USA., KELLY T. BOCANEGRA-GONZÁLEZ, UNIVERSIDAD DEL TOLIMA, COLOMBIA., PASCAL BOECKX, GHENT UNIVERSITY, BELGIUM., STEPHANIE BOHLMAN, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA., KATRIN BÖHNING-GAESE, UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT, GERMANY., LAURA BOISVERT-MARSH, UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT, GERMANY., WILLIAM BOND, UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA., BEN BOND-LAMBERTY, COLLEGE PARK, USA., ARNOUD BOOM, UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER, UK., COLINE C. F. BOONMAN, RADBOUD UNIVERSITY, THE NETHERLANDS., KAUANE BORDIN, UFRGS, ELIZABETH H. BOUGHTON, ARCHBOLD BIOLOGICAL STATION'S BUCK ISLAND RANCH, USA., VANESSA BOUKILI, UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT, USA, DAVID M. J. S. BOWMAN, UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA, AUSTRALIA., SANDRA BRAVO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO, MARCO RICHARD BRENDEL, UNIVERSITY OF HOHENHEIM, MARTIN R. BROADLEY, UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM, UK, KERRY A. BROWN, KINGSTON UNIVERSITY, UK., HELGE BRUELHEIDE, MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE?WITTENBERG, GERMANY, FERNANDO CASANOVES, CATIE-CENTRO AGRONÓMICO TROPICAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y ENSEÑANZA, COSTA RICA, F. STUART CHAPIN, UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS, USA, STEFANO CHELLI, UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO, ITALY, SI?CHONG CHEN, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, UK, ANPING CHEN, COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, PAOLO CHERUBINI, UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA, FRANCESCO CHIANUCCI, CREA – RESEARCH CENTRE FOR FORESTRY AND WOOD, ITALY, BRENDAN CHOAT, WESTERN SYDNEY UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, GUILHERME G. MAZZOCHINI, UNIVERSITY OF CAMPINAS, CAMPINAS, BRAZIL, SOPHIE GACHET, UNIV AVIGNON, FRANCE, RACHAEL GALLAGHER, MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, GISLENE GANADE, UFRN, BRAZIL., MARY-CLAIRE GLASENHARDT, THE MORTON ARBORETUM, USA, ALAIN HAMBUCKERS, UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE, BELGIUM, MASAE ISHIHARA, KYOTO UNIVERSITY, JAPAN, LEONID IVANOV, TYUMEN STATE UNIVERSITY, RUSSIA, LARISSA IVANOVA, TYUMEN STATE UNIVERSITY, RUSSIA., COLLEEN M. IVERSEN, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, USA, JORDI IZQUIERDO, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain, ROBERT B. JACKSON, STANFORD UNIVERSITY, USA, FRANCESCA GANGA, UNIVERSITY OF CAGLIARI, ITALY, PABLO GARCÍA-PALACIOS, UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS, SPAIN, VERÓNICA GARGAGLIONE, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PATAGONIA AUSTRAL, ARGENTINA, ERIC GARNIER, UNIV. MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, JOSE LUIS GARRIDO, ESTACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL DEL ZAIDÍN, SPAIN, ANDRÉ LUÍS DE GASPER, UNIVERSIDADE REGIONAL DE BLUMENAU, BRAZIL, GUILLERMO GEAIZQUIERDO, INIA?CIFOR, SPAIN, DAVID GIBSON, SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE, USA, ANDREW N. GILLISON, CENTER FOR BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT, AUSTRALIA, AELTON GIROLDO, INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO CEARÁ, BRAZIL, SEAN GLEASON, WATER MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEMS RESEARCH UNIT, USA, MARIANA GLIESCH, INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY, SWITZERLAND, EMMA GOLDBERG, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, USA, BASTIAN GÖLDEL, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, ERIKA GONZALEZ-AKRE, NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY NTNU, NORWAY, JOSE L. GONZALEZ-ANDUJAR, CSIC-INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (IAS), SPAIN, ANDRÉS GONZÁLEZ-MELO, UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, COLOMBIA, ANA GONZÁLEZ-ROBLES, UNIVERSIDAD DE JAÉN, SPAIN, BENTE JESSEN GRAAE, NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY NTNU, NORWAY, ELENA GRANDA, UNIVERSITY OF ALCALÁ, SPAIN, SARAH GRAVES, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA, WALTON A. GREEN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, USA, THOMAS GREGOR, SENCKENBERG RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM, GERMANY, NICOLAS GROSS, UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS, SPAIN, GREG R. GUERIN, THE UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA, ANGELA GÜNTHER, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, ALVARO G. GUTIÉRREZ, UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE, CHILE, LILLIE HADDOCK, COLLEGE PARK, USA, ANNA HAINES, THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER, UK, JEFFERSON HALL, SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, REPUBLIC OF PANAMA, WENXUAN HAN, CHINA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, CHINA, SANDY P. HARRISON, UNIVERSITY OF READING, UK, WESLEY HATTINGH, UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND, SOUTH AFRICA, JOSEPH E. HAWES, ANGLIA RUSKIN UNIVERSITY, UK, TIANHUA HE, CURTIN UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, PENGCHENG HE, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, CHINA, JACOB MASON HEBERLING, CARNEGIE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, USA, AVELIINA HELM, UNIVERSITY OF TARTU, ESTONIA, STEFAN HEMPEL, FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN, GERMANY, JÖRN HENTSCHEL, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, GERMANY, BRUNO HÉRAULT, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, ANA-MARIA HERE, TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITY OF BRASOV, ROMANIA, KATHARINA HERZ, MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE?WITTENBERG, GERMANY, MYRIAM HEUERTZ, UNIV. BORDEAUX, FRANCE, THOMAS HICKLER, GOETHE UNIVERSITY, GERMANY, PETER HIETZ, UNIVERSITY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND LIFE SCIENCES, AUSTRIA, PEDRO HIGUCHI, SANTA CATARINA STATE UNIVERSITY, BRAZIL, ANDREW L. HIPP, THE MORTON ARBORETUM, USA, ANDREW HIRONS, UNIVERSITY CENTRE MYERSCOUGH, UK, MARIA HOCK, INSTITUTE FOR ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH/GEOBOTANY, GERMANY, JAMES AARON HOGAN, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, USA, KAREN HOLL, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, USA, OLIVIER HONNAY, PLANT CONSERVATION AND POPULATION BIOLOGY, BELGIUM, KNUT ANDERS HOVSTAD, DEPARTMENT OF LANDSCAPE AND BIODIVERSITY, NORWAY, TOMOAKI ICHIE, KOCHI UNIVERSITY, JAPAN, BORIS IGIC, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO, USA, ESTELA ILLA, UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA, SPAIN, MARNEY ISAAC, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, CANADA, BENJAMIN JACKSON, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND, HERVÉ JACTEL, UNIV. BORDEAUX, FRANCE, ANDRZEJ M. JAGODZINSKI, UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES, POLAND, UTE JANDT, MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE-WITTENBERG, GERMANY, STEVEN JANSEN, ULM UNIVERSITY, GERMANY, THOMAS, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Helsinki, Tarbiat Modaras University, Roma Tre University, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran, University of Innsbruck, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK., School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Botany Division, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), School of Geography, Geology and Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany, Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany, German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, University of Toronto [Scarborough, Canada], Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country UPV/ EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy, BIGEA, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, University of Alaska [Anchorage], Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-AgroParisTech, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences – Biology, Karlstad University, Quantitative Plant Ecology and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Justus Liebig University, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), University of Sassari, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Harvard University [Cambridge], Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), University of Cagliari, Universidad de Chile, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), University of California, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of Venda, Philipps University of Marburg, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, State University of New York, Stonybrook, IT University of Copenhagen, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Humboldt University of Berlin, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, University of Leipzig [Leipzig, Allemagne], Unité d'Agronomie, University of Debrecen-Research Centre for Molecular Medicine-Medical and Health Science Centre, Global Change Research Institute, University of California [Berkeley], Natural resources institute Finland, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Oklahoma State University [Stillwater], Kyoto University [Kyoto]-Kyoto University [Kyoto], Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], University of Milan, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), University of Extremadura, University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Federal University of Lavras, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Leiden University, University of California [Riverside] (UCR), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Departments of Botany and Zoology, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut national polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Balliol College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy, Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, Tartu Observatory, University of Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain, UMR Nancy-Université- INRA Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, Nancy Université, Conicet-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Environmental Sciences, Guelph, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada, Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Biological Sciences-Lancaster University, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universiteit Gent [Ghent], School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia, AMAP, IRD, Herbier de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, New Caledonia, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], wiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education (CATIE), Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Cestas, France, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, West Sussex, UK, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic, Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary, Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Guyane (UG)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Florida [Gainesville], UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences – University of Birmingham, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), University of Ordu, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), United States Department of Agriculture - USDA (USA), Smithsonian Institution, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Florida International University (FIU), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Stanford University [Stanford], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Charles University [Prague], Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ), Hokkaido University, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Western Sydney University (UWS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, Université de Sherbrooke, Masaryk University, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Natural Resources Institute Finland, Landcare Research [Lincoln], Université de Montréal [Montréal], Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), French Institute of Pondicherry (IFP), Normal Zhejiang University, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, VU University Amsterdam, Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), University of Parma, Cardiff School of Social Sciences, University of Cardiff, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton] (BNL), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Algoma University [Canada], University of Goettingen, University of Wuerzburg, University of Würzburg, AFSSA, Sherbrooke University, University of Lisbon, Department of Biology (University of Florida), Florida Museum of Natural History, Technical University in Zvolen, University of Zvolen, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Bioversity International, Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR], Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), University of Tsukuba, Kattge, Jen, Bönisch, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert D A, Aakala, Tuoma, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario, Adamidis, George C, Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cécile H, Alcántara, Julio M, Alcázar C, Carolina, Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M, Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niel, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimarãe, Ashman, Tia-Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P, Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup-Spohr, Lar, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J, Bakker, Jan P, Baldocchi, Denni, Baltzer, Jennifer, Banerjee, Arindam, Baranger, Anne, Barlow, Jo, Barneche, Diego R, Baruch, Zdravko, Bastianelli, Deni, Battles, John, Bauerle, William, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzato, Erika, Beckmann, Michael, Beeckman, Han, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bekker, Renee, Belfry, Gavin, Belluau, Michael, Beloiu, Mirela, Benavides, Raquel, Benomar, Lahcen, Berdugo-Lattke, Mary Lee, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo, Bergmann, Joana, Bergmann Carlucci, Marco, Berner, Logan, Bernhardt-Römermann, Marku, Bigler, Christof, Bjorkman, Anne D, Blackman, Chri, Blanco, Carolina, Blonder, Benjamin, Blumenthal, Dana, Bocanegra-González, Kelly T, Boeckx, Pascal, Bohlman, Stephanie, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boisvert-Marsh, Laura, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Boom, Arnoud, Boonman, Coline C F, Bordin, Kauane, Boughton, Elizabeth H, Boukili, Vanessa, Bowman, David M J S, Bravo, Sandra, Brendel, Marco Richard, Broadley, Martin R, Brown, Kerry A, Bruelheide, Helge, Brumnich, Federico, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Bruy, David, Buchanan, Serra W, Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Buchmann, Nina, Buitenwerf, Robert, Bunker, Daniel E, Bürger, Jana, Burrascano, Sabina, Burslem, David F R P, Butterfield, Bradley J, Byun, Chaeho, Marques, Marcia, Scalon, Marina C, Caccianiga, Marco, Cadotte, Marc, Cailleret, Maxime, Camac, Jame, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Campany, Courtney, Campetella, Giandiego, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cano-Arboleda, Laura, Canullo, Roberto, Carbognani, Michele, Carvalho, Fabio, Casanoves, Fernando, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Catford, Jane A, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Cerabolini, Bruno E L, Cervellini, Marco, Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Chapin, Kenneth, Chapin, F Stuart, Chelli, Stefano, Chen, Si-Chong, Chen, Anping, Cherubini, Paolo, Chianucci, Francesco, Choat, Brendan, Chung, Kyong-Sook, Chytrý, Milan, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Coll, Lluí, Collins, Courtney G, Conti, Luisa, Coomes, David, Cornelissen, Johannes H C, Cornwell, William K, Corona, Piermaria, Coyea, Marie, Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Cromsigt, Joris P G M, Csecserits, Anikó, Cufar, Katarina, Cuntz, Matthia, da Silva, Ana Carolina, Dahlin, Kyla M, Dainese, Matteo, Dalke, Igor, Dalle Fratte, Michele, Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, Danihelka, Jirí, Dannoura, Masako, Dawson, Samantha, de Beer, Arend Jacobu, De Frutos, Angel, De Long, Jonathan R, Dechant, Benjamin, Delagrange, Sylvain, Delpierre, Nicola, Derroire, Géraldine, Dias, Arildo S, Diaz-Toribio, Milton Hugo, Dimitrakopoulos, Panayiotis G, Dobrowolski, Mark, Doktor, Daniel, Dřevojan, Pavel, Dong, Ning, Dransfield, John, Dressler, Stefan, Duarte, Leandro, Ducouret, Emilie, Dullinger, Stefan, Durka, Walter, Duursma, Remko, Dymova, Olga, E-Vojtkó, Anna, Eckstein, Rolf Lutz, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Elser, Jame, Emilio, Thaise, Engemann, Kristine, Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher, Erfmeier, Alexandra, Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, Esser, Gerd, Estiarte, Marc, Domingues, Tomas F, Fagan, William F, Fagúndez, Jaime, Falster, Daniel S, Fan, Ying, Fang, Jingyun, Farris, Emmanuele, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feng, Yanhao, Fernandez-Mendez, Fernando, Ferrara, Carlotta, Ferreira, Joice, Fidelis, Alessandra, Finegan, Bryan, Firn, Jennifer, Flowers, Timothy J, Flynn, Dan F B, Fontana, Veronika, Forey, Estelle, Forgiarini, Cristiane, François, Loui, Frangipani, Marcelo, Frank, Dorothea, Frenette-Dussault, Cedric, Freschet, Grégoire T, Fry, Ellen L, Fyllas, Nikolaos M, Mazzochini, Guilherme G, Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Ganade, Gislene, Ganga, Francesca, García-Palacios, Pablo, Gargaglione, Verónica, Garnier, Eric, Garrido, Jose Lui, de Gasper, André Luí, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gibson, David, Gillison, Andrew N, Giroldo, Aelton, Glasenhardt, Mary-Claire, Gleason, Sean, Gliesch, Mariana, Goldberg, Emma, Göldel, Bastian, Gonzalez-Akre, Erika, Gonzalez-Andujar, Jose L, González-Melo, André, González-Robles, Ana, Graae, Bente Jessen, Granda, Elena, Graves, Sarah, Green, Walton A, Gregor, Thoma, Gross, Nicola, Guerin, Greg R, Günther, Angela, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G, Haddock, Lillie, Haines, Anna, Hall, Jefferson, Hambuckers, Alain, Han, Wenxuan, Harrison, Sandy P, Hattingh, Wesley, Hawes, Joseph E, He, Tianhua, He, Pengcheng, Heberling, Jacob Mason, Helm, Aveliina, Hempel, Stefan, Hentschel, Jörn, Hérault, Bruno, Hereş, Ana-Maria, Herz, Katharina, Heuertz, Myriam, Hickler, Thoma, Hietz, Peter, Higuchi, Pedro, Hipp, Andrew L, Hirons, Andrew, Hock, Maria, Hogan, James Aaron, Holl, Karen, Honnay, Olivier, Hornstein, Daniel, Hou, Enqing, Hough-Snee, Nate, Hovstad, Knut Ander, Ichie, Tomoaki, Igić, Bori, Illa, Estela, Isaac, Marney, Ishihara, Masae, Ivanov, Leonid, Ivanova, Larissa, Iversen, Colleen M, Izquierdo, Jordi, Jackson, Robert B, Jackson, Benjamin, Jactel, Hervé, Jagodzinski, Andrzej M, Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Steven, Jenkins, Thoma, Jentsch, Anke, Jespersen, Jens Rasmus Plantener, Jiang, Guo-Feng, Johansen, Jesper Liengaard, Johnson, David, Jokela, Eric J, Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Jordan, Gregory J, Joseph, Grant Stuart, Junaedi, Decky, Junker, Robert R, Justes, Eric, Kabzems, Richard, Kane, Jeffrey, Kaplan, Zdenek, Kattenborn, Teja, Kavelenova, Lyudmila, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kempel, Anne, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kerkhoff, Andrew, Khalil, Mohammed I, Kinlock, Nicole L, Kissling, Wilm Daniel, Kitajima, Kaoru, Kitzberger, Thoma, Kjøller, Rasmu, Klein, Tamir, Kleyer, Michael, Klimešová, Jitka, Klipel, Joice, Kloeppel, Brian, Klotz, Stefan, Knops, Johannes M H, Kohyama, Takashi, Koike, Fumito, Kollmann, Johanne, Komac, Benjamin, Komatsu, Kimberly, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan J B, Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kumarathunge, Dushan, Kuppler, Jona, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Kurosawa, Yoko, Kuyah, Shem, Laclau, Jean-Paul, Lafleur, Benoit, Lallai, Erik, Lamb, Eric, Lamprecht, Andrea, Larkin, Daniel J, Laughlin, Daniel, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, le Maire, Guerric, le Roux, Peter C, le Roux, Elizabeth, Lee, Tali, Lens, Frederic, Lewis, Simon L, Lhotsky, Barbara, Li, Yuanzhi, Li, Xine, Lichstein, Jeremy W, Liebergesell, Mario, Lim, Jun Ying, Lin, Yan-Shih, Linares, Juan Carlo, Liu, Chunjiang, Liu, Daijun, Liu, Udayangani, Livingstone, Stuart, Llusià, Joan, Lohbeck, Madelon, López-García, Álvaro, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Lososová, Zdeňka, Louault, Frédérique, Lukács, Balázs A, Lukeš, Petr, Luo, Yunjian, Lussu, Michele, Ma, Siyan, Maciel Rabelo Pereira, Camilla, Mack, Michelle, Maire, Vincent, Mäkelä, Annikki, Mäkinen, Harri, Malhado, Ana Claudia Mende, Mallik, Azim, Manning, Peter, Manzoni, Stefano, Marchetti, Zuleica, Marchino, Luca, Marcilio-Silva, Viniciu, Marcon, Eric, Marignani, Michela, Markesteijn, Lar, Martin, Adam, Martínez-Garza, Cristina, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Mašková, Tereza, Mason, Kelly, Mason, Norman, Massad, Tara Joy, Masse, Jacynthe, Mayrose, Itay, Mccarthy, Jame, Mccormack, M Luke, Mcculloh, Katherine, Mcfadden, Ian R, Mcgill, Brian J, Mcpartland, Mara Y, Medeiros, Juliana S, Medlyn, Belinda, Meerts, Pierre, Mehrabi, Zia, Meir, Patrick, Melo, Felipe P L, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Meredieu, Céline, Messier, Julie, Mészáros, Ilona, Metsaranta, Juha, Michaletz, Sean T, Michelaki, Chrysanthi, Migalina, Svetlana, Milla, Ruben, Miller, Jesse E D, Minden, Vanessa, Ming, Ray, Mokany, Karel, Moles, Angela T, Molnár, Attila, Molofsky, Jane, Molz, Martin, Montgomery, Rebecca A, Monty, Arnaud, Moravcová, Lenka, Moreno-Martínez, Alvaro, Moretti, Marco, Mori, Akira S, Mori, Shigeta, Morris, Dave, Morrison, Jane, Mucina, Ladislav, Mueller, Sandra, Muir, Christopher D, Müller, Sandra Cristina, Munoz, Françoi, Myers-Smith, Isla H, Myster, Randall W, Nagano, Masahiro, Naidu, Shawna, Narayanan, Ayyappan, Natesan, Balachandran, Negoita, Luka, Nelson, Andrew S, Neuschulz, Eike Lena, Ni, Jian, Niedrist, Georg, Nieto, Jhon, Niinemets, Ülo, Nolan, Rachael, Nottebrock, Henning, Nouvellon, Yann, Novakovskiy, Alexander, Nystuen, Kristin Odden, O'Grady, Anthony, O'Hara, Kevin, O'Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, Oakley, Simon, Oberhuber, Walter, Ohtsuka, Toshiyuki, Oliveira, Ricardo, Öllerer, Kinga, Olson, Mark E, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E, Ordonez, Jenny C, Osada, Noriyuki, Ostonen, Ivika, Ottaviani, Gianluigi, Otto, Sarah, Overbeck, Gerhard E, Ozinga, Wim A, Pahl, Anna T, Paine, C E Timothy, Pakeman, Robin J, Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C, Parfionova, Evgeniya, Pärtel, Meeli, Patacca, Marco, Paula, Susana, Paule, Juraj, Pauli, Harald, Pausas, Juli G, Peco, Begoña, Penuelas, Josep, Perea, Antonio, Peri, Pablo Lui, Petisco-Souza, Ana Carolina, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petritan, Any Mary, Phillips, Oliver L, Pierce, Simon, Pillar, Valério D, Pisek, Jan, Pomogaybin, Alexandr, Poorter, Hendrik, Portsmuth, Angelika, Poschlod, Peter, Potvin, Catherine, Pounds, Devon, Powell, A Shafer, Power, Sally A, Prinzing, Andrea, Puglielli, Giacomo, Pyšek, Petr, Raevel, Valerie, Rammig, Anja, Ransijn, Johanne, Ray, Courtenay A, Reich, Peter B, Reichstein, Marku, Reid, Douglas E B, Réjou-Méchain, Maxime, de Dios, Victor Resco, Ribeiro, Sabina, Richardson, Sarah, Riibak, Kersti, Rillig, Matthias C, Riviera, Fiamma, Robert, Elisabeth M R, Roberts, Scott, Robroek, Bjorn, Roddy, Adam, Rodrigues, Arthur Viniciu, Rogers, Alistair, Rollinson, Emily, Rolo, Victor, Römermann, Christine, Ronzhina, Dina, Roscher, Christiane, Rosell, Julieta A, Rosenfield, Milena Fermina, Rossi, Christian, Roy, David B, Royer-Tardif, Samuel, Rüger, Nadja, Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo, Rumpf, Sabine B, Rusch, Graciela M, Ryo, Masahiro, Sack, Lawren, Saldaña, Angela, Salgado-Negret, Beatriz, Salguero-Gomez, Roberto, Santa-Regina, Ignacio, Santacruz-García, Ana Carolina, Santos, Joaquim, Sardans, Jordi, Schamp, Brandon, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schleuning, Matthia, Schmid, Bernhard, Schmidt, Marco, Schmitt, Sylvain, Schneider, Julio V, Schowanek, Simon D, Schrader, Julian, Schrodt, Franziska, Schuldt, Bernhard, Schurr, Frank, Selaya Garvizu, Galia, Semchenko, Marina, Seymour, Colleen, Sfair, Julia C, Sharpe, Joanne M, Sheppard, Christine S, Sheremetiev, Serge, Shiodera, Satomi, Shipley, Bill, Shovon, Tanvir Ahmed, Siebenkäs, Alrun, Sierra, Carlo, Silva, Vasco, Silva, Mateu, Sitzia, Tommaso, Sjöman, Henrik, Slot, Martijn, Smith, Nicholas G, Sodhi, Darwin, Soltis, Pamela, Soltis, Dougla, Somers, Ben, Sonnier, Grégory, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Sosinski, Enio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A, Souza, Alexandre F, Spasojevic, Marko, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Stan, Amanda B, Stegen, Jame, Steinbauer, Klau, Stephan, Jörg G, Sterck, Frank, Stojanovic, Dejan B, Strydom, Tanya, Suarez, Maria Laura, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Svitková, Ivana, Svitok, Marek, Svoboda, Miroslav, Swaine, Emily, Swenson, Nathan, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Takagi, Kentaro, Tappeiner, Ulrike, Tarifa, Rubén, Tauugourdeau, Simon, Tavsanoglu, Cagatay, Te Beest, Mariska, Tedersoo, Leho, Thiffault, Nelson, Thom, Dominik, Thomas, Evert, Thompson, Ken, Thornton, Peter E, Thuiller, Wilfried, Tichý, Lubomír, Tissue, David, Tjoelker, Mark G, Tng, David Yue Phin, Tobias, Joseph, Török, Péter, Tarin, Tonantzin, Torres-Ruiz, José M, Tóthmérész, Béla, Treurnicht, Martina, Trivellone, Valeria, Trolliet, Franck, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Tsakalos, James L, Tsiripidis, Ioanni, Tysklind, Nikla, Umehara, Toru, Usoltsev, Vladimir, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew, Vaezi, Jamil, Valladares, Fernando, Vamosi, Jana, van Bodegom, Peter M, van Breugel, Michiel, Van Cleemput, Elisa, van de Weg, Martine, van der Merwe, Stephni, van der Plas, Fon, van der Sande, Masha T, van Kleunen, Mark, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Vanderwel, Mark, Vanselow, Kim André, Vårhammar, Angelica, Varone, Laura, Vasquez Valderrama, Maribel Yesenia, Vassilev, Kiril, Vellend, Mark, Veneklaas, Erik J, Verbeeck, Han, Verheyen, Kri, Vibrans, Alexander, Vieira, Ima, Villacís, Jaime, Violle, Cyrille, Vivek, Pandi, Wagner, Katrin, Waldram, Matthew, Waldron, Anthony, Walker, Anthony P, Waller, Martyn, Walther, Gabriel, Wang, Han, Wang, Feng, Wang, Weiqi, Watkins, Harry, Watkins, Jame, Weber, Ulrich, Weedon, James T, Wei, Liping, Weigelt, Patrick, Weiher, Evan, Wells, Aidan W, Wellstein, Camilla, Wenk, Elizabeth, Westoby, Mark, Westwood, Alana, White, Philip John, Whitten, Mark, Williams, Mathew, Winkler, Daniel E, Winter, Klau, Womack, Chevonne, Wright, Ian J, Wright, S Joseph, Wright, Justin, Pinho, Bruno X, Ximenes, Fabiano, Yamada, Toshihiro, Yamaji, Keiko, Yanai, Ruth, Yankov, Nikolay, Yguel, Benjamin, Zanini, Kátia Janaina, Zanne, Amy E, Zelený, David, Zhao, Yun-Peng, Zheng, Jingming, Zheng, Ji, Ziemińska, Kasia, Zirbel, Chad R, Zizka, Georg, Zo-Bi, Irié Casimir, Zotz, Gerhard, Wirth, Christian, AXA Research Fund, Commission of the European Communities, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Leydet, Michelle, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, LECA, Imperial College, Université Paris-Saclay, Tarbiat Modares University, University of Roma Tre, Tohoku University, IMBE, Universidad de Jaén, Instituto Alexander Von Humboldt, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Suez Canal University, Université de Lorraine, University of Göttingen, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Conicet-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Wageningen University, University of Victoria, James Cook University, University of Pittsburgh, Université Laval, Arizona State University, University of North Florida, Australian National University, Natural Resources Canada, University of Copenhagen, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, University of Groningen, University of California Berkeley, Wilfrid Laurier University, University of Minnesota, The University of Adelaide, UMR SELMET, Univ Montpellier, University of California at Berkeley, Colorado State University, Ghent University, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Royal Museum for Central Africa, University of Tennessee, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Université du Québec À Montréal, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Fundación Natura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Northern Arizona University, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, ETH Zurich, University of Gothenburg, Université Clermont-Auvergne, USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources & Systems Research Unit, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Dinámica de Ecosistémas Tropicales - Universidad del Tolima, University of Florida, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, University of Cape Town, SAEON Fynbos Node, Radboud University, Archbold Biological Station's Buck Island Ranch, University of Connecticut, University of Tasmania, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, University of Nottingham, Kingston University, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FICH-UNL), Université de Montpellier, Herbier de Nouvelle-Calédonie, University of Toronto Scarborough, Aarhus University, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, Yonsei University, Università degli Studi di Milano, Aix-Marseille University, ETH Zürich, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, The University of Melbourne, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Colgate University, University of Camerino, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, CATIE-Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, BIOGECO, King's College London, University of Insubria, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Universidad de Costa Rica, The University of Arizona, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Royal Botanic Gardens, WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, University of British Columbia, CREA – Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Jungwon University, University of Pisa, University of Lleida, Joint Research Unit CTFC – AGROTECNIO, University of California Riverside, University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Academy of Sciences, University of Cambridge, Vrije Universiteit, UNSW Sydney, Jonah Ventures, Universidad Mayor, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, UMR Silva, Santa Catarina State University, Michigan State University, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, University of Science – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, University of Pretoria, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Seoul National University, Institute of Temperate Forest Sciences (ISFORT), UQO, Université de la Guyane), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Iluka Resources, The University of Western Australia, University of Vienna, University of South Bohemia, Karlstad University, Earth and Environmental Sciences – University of Birmingham, Spanish National Research Council – CSIC, CREAF, University of Maryland, University of A Coruña, Rutgers University, Peking University, Ordu University, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Université de Rouen, University of Liège, Géopole de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse, University of Manchester, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Universidad Nacional de La Patagonia Austral, Univ. Paul Valéry, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Agricultural Research Service, ETH Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), CSIC – Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Universidad del Rosario, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, University of Alcalá, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, The University of Manchester, China Agricultural University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Reading, University of the Witwatersrand, Anglia Ruskin University, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Curtin University, INP-HB, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, Goethe University, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, The Field Museum, Florida International University, US Department of Energy, Santa Cruz, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation, Kochi University, University of Illinois at Chicago, Universitat de Barcelona, University of Toronto, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Ulm University, Guangxi University, Jl. Kebun Raya Cibodas, Philipps-University Marburg, University Salzburg, CIRAD, Humboldt State University, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Charles University, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, State University of New York at Stony Brook, University of Amsterdam, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Weizmann Institute of Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Technical University of Munich, Wageningen University & Research, Land Life Company, Coconut Research Institute of Sri Lanka, UMR Eco&Sols, University of Montpellier, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, University of Saskatchewan, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, University of Wyoming, University of Wisconsin Eau Claire, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, University College London, Sun Yat-sen University, University of Leipzig, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Wageningen University and Research, World Agroforestry (ICRAF), University of Jaén, DRI, Global Change Research Institute AS CR, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Federal University of Alagoas, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, Tel Aviv University, The University of Queensland, CSIRO, Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, The Australian National University, The University of Edinburgh, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), ICREA, UEFP, University of Waterloo, Tulipan s/n, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Vermont, Centre for Northern Forest Ecosystem Research, Matieland, University of Freiburg, University of Hawai'i, Université Grenoble-Alpes, French Institute of Pondicherry, Oklahoma State University, Charles Darwin Research Station, University of Idaho, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, NORD University, NTNU, Gifu University, Romanian Academy, Tercer Circuito s/n de Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Moscow Lomonosov State University, Universidad de las Américas, Wageningen Environmental Research, Technische Universität München, University of New England, Democritus University of Thrace, Universidad Austral de Chile, Desertification Research Center (CIDE-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), National Institute for Research-Development in Forestry, University of Regensburg, McGill University, Morton Arboretum, Université Rennes 1/CNRS, Université Paul Valéry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Universitat de Lleida, Universidade Federal do Acre, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Royal Museum for Central-Africa (RMCA), Mississippi State University, Radboud University Nijmegen, Yale University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, University of Zurich, Chastè Planta-Wildenberg, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Canadian Forest Service, University of Valladolid-INIA, University of Lausanne, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Oxford University, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Universidade de Coimbra, Senckenberg Biodiversität und Klima Forschungszentrum (SBiK-F), Palmengarten der Stadt Frankfurt am Main, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, University of Regina, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Università degli Studi di Padova, Gothenburg Botanical Garden, Texas Tech University, Archbold Biological Station, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), CIRAD-UMR SELMET-PZZS, Hacettepe University, Utrecht University, Canadian Wood Fibre Centre, University of Sheffield, Silwood Park, MTA-DE Lendület Functional and Restoration Ecology Research Group, University of Delaware, UMR PIAF, MTA-TKI Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, University of Illinois, Botanical Garden of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, University of New Hampshire, National University of Singapore, Edinburgh University, Florida Institute of Technology, University of Konstanz, Taizhou University, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universidad de Concepcion, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas (ESPE), Goa University, Pondicherry University, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Cambridge Conservation Initiative, Tsinghua University, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fujian Normal University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Maritime and Science Technology Academy, University of Winnipeg, King Saud University, University of California – Irvine, U. S. Geological Survey, Duke University, NSW Department of Primary Industries, SUNY-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Sorbonne-Université, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal (LEVEG), George Washington University, National Taiwan University, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), University Oldenburg, and Biyoloji
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,LIFE-HISTORY ,Geography & travel ,WOOD DENSITY ,plant trait ,Biodiversity & Conservation ,05 Environmental Sciences ,Growth ,580 Plants (Botany) ,COMMUNITY COMPOSITION ,ROOT TRAITS ,Biologiska vetenskaper ,Ecological modeling ,data coverage ,data integration ,data representativeness ,functional diversity ,plant traits ,TRY plant trait database ,Biodiversity ,Ecology ,Plants ,Access to Information ,Ecosystem ,data representativene ,ddc:910 ,General Environmental Science ,Global and Planetary Change ,GLOBAL PATTERNS ,food and beverages ,LEAF PHOTOSYNTHETIC TRAITS ,Biological Sciences ,CAVElab ,Data processing ,ddc:580 ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Biodiversity Conservation ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,INCLINATION ANGLE DISTRIBUTION ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,Ecology and Environment ,Database ,LITTER DECOMPOSITION ,ddc:570 ,Datenintegration ,Environmental Chemistry ,DDC 004 / Data processing & computer science ,Intraspecific competition ,Data integration (Computer science) ,Science & Technology ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Plant ,06 Biological Sciences ,Environmental factor ,Nutrient Network ,Biology and Microbiology ,FUNCTIONAL TRAITS ,DDC 580 / Botanical sciences ,Earth and Environmental Sciences ,ddc:004 ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Environmental Sciences ,RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE - Abstract
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives., publishedVersion
- Published
- 2020
46. Production de parole chez l’enfant porteur d’implant cochléaire : apport de la Langue française Parlée Complétée
- Author
-
Machart, Laura, Vilain, Anne, Loevenbruck, Hélène, Meloni, Geneviève, Puissant, Clarisse, Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000 Grenoble, France, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC, GIPSA-lab, 38000 Grenoble, France, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Benzitoun, Christophe, Braud, Chloé, Huber, Laurine, Langlois, David, Ouni, Slim, Pogodalla, Sylvain, Schneider, Stéphane, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), GIPSA Pôle Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-PPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble INP, CNRS, LPNC, GIPSA-lab, 38000 Grenoble, France, and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, CNRS, GIPSA-lab, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Subjects
Langue française Parlée Complétée (LfPC) ,implant cochléaire ,production de parole ,déficience auditive ,[INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL] - Abstract
La déficience auditive entraîne un retard sur le développement de la parole chez l’enfant sourd. La Langue française Parlée Complétée (LfPC), par le biais de 5 positions autour du visage et 8 configurations de la main, permet de rendre visibles tous les sons de la langue, sans confusion labiale. L’utilisation de ce système facilite la perception de parole et permet à l’enfant d’élaborer des représentations phonologiques stables. Cette étude s’intéresse à l’apport de la LfPC sur la production de parole chez l’enfant porteur d’implant cochléaire. A partir d’une tâche de dénomination d’images, nous observons que l’exposition à la LfPC (en perception) améliore significativement la production de parole chez l’enfant porteur d’implant cochléaire.
- Published
- 2020
47. Trifecta Outcomes of Partial Nephrectomy in Patients Over 75 Years Old: Analysis of the REnal SURGery in Elderly (RESURGE) Group
- Author
-
Sunil Patel, Toshio Takagi, Andrew Tracey, Cosimo De Nunzio, Ali Abdel Raheem, Estefania Linares, Riccardo Autorino, Gaelle Fiard, Stephen Ryan, Nicola Pavan, Jean−Alexandre A. Long, Alessandro Antonelli, Bo Yang, Koon Ho Rha, Thomas Amiel, Carlotta Palumbo, Maria Carmen Mir, Simone Crivellaro, Alessandro Larcher, Luigi Schips, Riccardo Bertolo, Ahmet Bindayi, Carlo Trombetta, Chao Zhang, Francesco Montorsi, Tobias Maurer, Francesco Porpiglia, Umberto Capitanio, Estevão Lima, Ithaar Derweesh, Zachary Hamilton, Ryan W. Dobbs, Kazunari Tanabe, Antonio Celia, Joan Palou, Roberto Castellucci, Alberto Breda, Bindayi, A., Autorino, R., Capitanio, U., Pavan, N., Mir, M. C., Antonelli, A., Takagi, T., Bertolo, R., Maurer, T., Ho Rha, K., Long, J. -A., Yang, B., Schips, L., Lima, E., Breda, A., Linares, E., Celia, A., De Nunzio, C., Dobbs, R., Patel, S., Hamilton, Z., Tracey, A., Larcher, A., Trombetta, C., Palumbo, C., Tanabe, K., Amiel, T., Raheem, A., Fiard, G., Zhang, C., Castellucci, R., Palou, J., Ryan, S., Crivellaro, S., Montorsi, F., Porpiglia, F., Derweesh, I. H., Department of urology, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Institute of Information Engineering [Beijing] (IIE), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Department of Urology, Medical University Graz, Sant'Andrea Hospital - Sapienza University of Rome, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Université de Montréal [Montréal], Gestes Medico-chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur (TIMC-IMAG-GMCAO), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), China Agricultural University (CAU), servicio de urologia, Fundación Puigvert, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
- Subjects
Male ,Urologic Diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Outcome Assessment ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Renal function ,Kidney ,Nephrectomy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,Text mining ,0302 clinical medicine ,Elderly ,Chronic Kidney Disease ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,In patient ,Stage (cooking) ,Trifecta ,Survival analysis ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged ,MESH: Carcinoma ,Partial Nephrectomy ,Renal Cell ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Renal surgery ,Age Factors ,Margins of Excision ,renal carcinoma ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Neoplasms ,3. Good health ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background: Partial nephrectomy (PN) in elderly patients is underutilized with concerns regarding risk of complications and potential for poor outcomes. Objective: To evaluate quality and functional outcomes of PN in patients >75 yr using trifecta as a composite outcome of surgical quality. Design, setting, and participants: Multicenter retrospective analysis of 653 patients aged >75 yr who underwent PN (REnal SURGery in Elderly [RESURGE] Group). Intervention: PN. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Primary outcome was achievement of trifecta (negative margin, no major [Clavien ≥3] urological complications, and ≥90% estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] recovery). Secondary outcomes included chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage III and CKD upstaging. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was used to assess variables for achieving trifecta and functional outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (KMA) was used to calculate renal functional outcomes. Results and limitations: We analyzed 653 patients (mean age 78.4 yr, median follow-up 33 mo; 382 open, 157 laparoscopic, and 114 robotic). Trifecta rate was 40.4% (n = 264). Trifecta patients had less transfusion (p < 0.001), lower intraoperative (5.3% vs 27%, p < 0.001) and postoperative (25.4% vs 37.8%, p = 0.001) complications, shorter hospital stay (p = 0.045), and lower ΔeGFR (p < 0.001). MVA for predictive factors for trifecta revealed decreasing RENAL nephrometry score (odds ratio [OR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.07–1.51, p = 0.007) as being associated with increased likelihood to achieve trifecta. Achievement of trifecta was associated with decreased risk of CKD upstaging (OR 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.32–0.62, p < 0.001). KMA showed that trifecta patients had improved 5-yr freedom from CKD stage 3 (93.5% vs 57.7%, p < 0.001) and CKD upstaging (84.3% vs 8.2%, p < 0.001). Limitations include retrospective design. Conclusions: PN in elderly patients can be performed with acceptable quality outcomes. Trifecta was associated with decreased tumor complexity and improved functional preservation. Patient summary: We looked at quality outcomes after partial nephrectomy in elderly patients. Acceptable quality outcomes were achieved, measured by a composite outcome called trifecta, whose achievement was associated with improved kidney functional preservation. Partial nephrectomy in elderly patients provides quality outcomes as measured by trifecta. Tumor complexity is a key determinant for trifecta achievement, and trifecta attainment is associated with improved function. Increasing utilization of robotics has benefits in recovery without compromising quality.
- Published
- 2020
48. Immediate vs Delayed Stenting in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Rationale and Design of the International PRIMACY Bayesian Randomized Controlled Trial
- Author
-
Lars Køber, Thomas Engstrøm, Grégoire Rangé, Patrick Bélisle, E. Marc Jolicoeur, Nicolas Delarche, Brahim Harbaoui, Colin Berry, David Carrick, Michael McGillion, Jean-François Tanguay, Géraud Souteyrand, Frédéric Bouisset, François Roubille, Simon Kouz, Samer Mansour, Jean-Claude Tardif, Dan Eik Høfsten, Guillaume Cayla, James M. Brophy, Erick Schampaert, Cheol Woong Yu, Gilles Zemour, Loic Belle, Nandini Dendukuri, Henning Kelbæk, X. Marcaggi, Ziad Boueri, MORNET, Dominique, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Centre for Outcomes Research, McGill University Health Centre-Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, HOPITAL CHARTRES - DEPT CARDIOL, Montreal Health Innovation Coordination Center, Montreal, Quebec, CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Cardiologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Cardiovasculaire et Métabolique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier de Cannes (Centre Hospitalier de Cannes), Centre Hospitalier de Cannes, Centre hospitalier de Pau, Imagerie Ultrasonore, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hopital Sacre-Coeur, Interventional Cardiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Centre Hospitalier Régional de Lanaudiere [Joliette, QC, Canada] (CHRDL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Hôpital de Bastia, Ctr Hosp Vichy, Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (MHICC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital, Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Service de Cardiologie, Centre hospitalier de la région d'Annecy, Service de cardiologie [Toulouse], Hôpital de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional de Lanaudiere, Joliette, Quebec, and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Prosthesis Design ,law.invention ,Time-to-Treatment ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,St elevation myocardial infarction ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,business.industry ,Antithrombin ,Stent ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Bayes Theorem ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,surgical procedures, operative ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Heart failure ,Cardiology ,ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction ,Stents ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug ,Artery - Abstract
Background Primary percutaneous coronary intervention is used to restore blood flow in the infarct-related coronary artery, followed by immediate stenting to prevent reocclusion. Stents implanted in thrombus-laden arteries cause distal embolization, which paradoxically impairs myocardial reperfusion and ventricular function. Whether a strategy of delayed stenting improves outcomes in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is uncertain. Methods The Primary Reperfusion Secondary Stenting (PRIMACY) is a Bayesian prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point trial in which delayed vs immediate stenting in patients with STEMI were compared for prevention of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, heart failure, or unplanned target vessel revascularization at 9 months. All participants were immediately reperfused, but those assigned to the delayed arm underwent stenting after an interval of 24 to 48 hours. This interval was bridged with antithrombin therapy to reduce thrombus burden. In the principal Bayesian hierarchical random effects analysis, data from exchangeable trials will be combined into a study prior and updated with PRIMACY into a posterior probability of efficacy. Results A total of 305 participants were randomized across 15 centres in France and Canada between April 2014 and September 2017. At baseline, the median age of participants was 59 years, 81% were male, and 3% had a history of percutaneous coronary intervention. Results from PRIMACY will be updated from the patient-level data of 1568 participants enrolled in the Deferred Stent Trial in STEMI (DEFER; United Kingdom), Minimalist Immediate Mechanical Intervention (MIMI; France), Danish Trial in Acute Myocardial Infarction-3 (DANAMI-3; Denmark), and Impact of Immediate Stent Implantation Versus Deferred Stent Implantation on Infarct Size and Microvascular Perfusion in Patients With ST Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction (INNOVATION, South Korea) trials. Conclusions We expect to clarify whether delayed stenting can safely reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular end points compared with immediate stenting in patients with STEMI.
- Published
- 2020
49. Early movement restriction leads to maladaptive plasticity in the sensorimotor cortex and to movement disorders
- Author
-
Delcour, Maxime, Russier, Michaël, Castets, Francis, Turle-Lorenzo, Nathalie, Canu, Marie-Hélène, Cayetanot, Florence, Barbe, Mary, Coq, Jacques-Olivier, Neurosciences sensorielles et cognitives (NSC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 (URePSSS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse (UNIS - Inserm U1072), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] (LNC), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique (UMRS 1158), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Université de Montréal [Montréal], Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé (EA4488), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Neuropeptides centraux et régulations hydrique et cardiovasculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neurobiologie intégrative et adaptative (NIA), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille, Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et adaptatives [LNIA], Neurobiologie des Canaux Ioniques, Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille [CRN2M], Aix Marseille Université [AMU], Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 [URePSSS], Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone [INT], and Dpt of Anatomy and Cell Biology [Oklahoma]
- Subjects
Male ,Neurons ,Principal Component Analysis ,Movement Disorders ,Neuronal Plasticity ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,Developmental disorders ,Neurodevelopmental disorders ,lcsh:R ,[SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,lcsh:Medicine ,Adaptation, Physiological ,Article ,Rats ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Hindlimb Suspension ,Animals ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,Sensorimotor Cortex ,lcsh:Science ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience; Motor control and body representations in the central nervous system are built, i.e., patterned, during development by sensorimotor experience and somatosensory feedback/reafference. Yet, early emergence of locomotor disorders remains a matter of debate, especially in the absence of brain damage. For instance, children with developmental coordination disorders (DCD) display deficits in planning, executing and controlling movements, concomitant with deficits in executive functions. Thus, are early sensorimotor atypicalities at the origin of long-lasting abnormal development of brain anatomy and functions? We hypothesize that degraded locomotor outcomes in adulthood originate as a consequence of early atypical sensorimotor experiences that induce developmental disorganization of sensorimotor circuitry. We showed recently that postnatal sensorimotor restriction (SMR), through hind limb immobilization from birth to one month, led to enduring digitigrade locomotion with ankle-knee overextension, degraded musculoskeletal tissues (e.g., gastrocnemius atrophy), and clear signs of spinal hyperreflexia in adult rats, suggestive of spasticity; each individual disorder likely interplaying in self-perpetuating cycles. In the present study, we investigated the impact of postnatal SMR on the anatomical and functional organization of hind limb representations in the sensorimotor cortex and processes representative of maladaptive neuroplasticity. We found that 28 days of daily SMR degraded the topographical organization of somatosensory hind limb maps, reduced both somatosensory and motor map areas devoted to the hind limb representation and altered neuronal response properties in the sensorimotor cortex several weeks after the cessation of SMR. We found no neuroanatomical histopathology in hind limb sensorimotor cortex, yet increased glutamatergic neurotransmission that matched clear signs of spasticity and hyperexcitability in the adult lumbar spinal network. Thus, even in the absence of a brain insult, movement disorders and brain dysfunction can emerge as a consequence of reduced and atypical patterns of motor outputs and somatosensory feedback that induce maladaptive neuroplasticity. Our results may contribute to understanding the inception and mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders, such as DCD.
- Published
- 2018
50. Solid Fluoride Electrolytes and Their Composite with Carbon: Issues and Challenges for Rechargeable Solid State Fluoride-Ion Batteries
- Author
-
Monique Body, Antonin Grenier, Christophe Legein, Ana Gabriela Porras-Gutierrez, Mickaël Dollé, Damien Dambournet, Fabien Chrétien, Henri Groult, Encarnacion Raymundo-Piñero, PHysicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX (PHENIX), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-ESPCI ParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau sur le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie (RS2E), Université de Nantes (UN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université d'Orléans (UO)
- Subjects
Anions ,Materials science ,Composite number ,Inorganic chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Electrochemical cells ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ionic conductivity ,Redox reactions ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Electrodes ,Composites ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,General Energy ,chemistry ,13. Climate action ,Electrode ,Lithium ,0210 nano-technology ,Fluoride ,Carbon - Abstract
International audience; Solid-state batteries relying on fluoride-ion shuttle are still at their early stage of development. Assessing the fluoride solid electrolyte’s electrochemical stability and its conduction properties in a mixture with carbon, as well as the possible interaction of fluoride-ion with carbon both during the electrode preparation and upon electrochemical reactions, are mandatory to enable future practical applications. Here, we discuss these points using LaF3 doped with BaF2 (La0.95Ba0.05F2.95, LBF) as a benchmark solid fluoride electrolyte. We establish that lithium may be used as a pseudo-reference electrode to assess the electrochemical stability window of LBF and support the experiment with thermodynamic calculations. We demonstrate the chemical compatibility of LBF with carbon upon ball-milling, and investigate the electrical conductivity of the formed LBF-C composite. We use a LBF|LBF-C|LBF cell (in this configuration, LBF serves as electronically blocking electrode) to assess the ionic conductivity of the LBF-C composite. The results confirm that both electronic and ionic percolations are insured within the LBF-C composite despite a noticeable decrease of the ionic conductivity. Finally, we use a Li|LBF|LBF-C cell to evaluate the electrochemical fluorination of the carbon in the LBF-C composite. Our results suggest an electrochemical activity of carbon with fluoride ions. The possible interactions of carbon with fluorides to form insulating carbon fluoride (CFx) must be considered when determining the operating voltage of FIBs.
- Published
- 2017
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.