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International audience; In this paper, we prove some new results on operational second order differential equations of elliptic type with general Robin boundary conditions in a non-commutative framework. The study is developed in Hölder spaces under some natural assumptions generalizing those in [4]. We give necessary and sufficient conditions on the data to obtain a unique strict solution satisfying the maximal regularity property, see Theorems 1 and 2. This work completes the one given in [4] and [12].

International audience; Le présent papier a pour but d'étudier le comportement mécanique des assemblages métalliques poteau poutre boulonnés par platine d'about raidie à ses débords sous à un moment de flexion. L'étude est basée sur un modèle en éléments finis qui tient compte des non-linéarités géométriques, matérielles et celles du contact entre les éléments. Les résultats du modèle numérique ont été validés sur la base des résultats expérimentaux disponibles dans la littérature et comparés avec le modèle analytique proposé par l'Eurocode 3 et. Une étude paramétrique est menée afin de mettre en évidence l'effet des raidisseurs de platine d'about en zone tendue et comprimée de l'assemblage.

International audience; Two organic solutes of close molecular weight (approximate to 270 g mol(-1)) and hydrophobicity (logK(ow) approximate to 1.2- 1.5) were selected as model micropollutants to study their reverse osmosis in seawater. Tropaeolin O can be a monovalent/divalent anion whereas Thiamine can be a monovalent/divalent cation. Their charges and hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance can be modulated by playing on the pH and the ionic strength. The TFC-HR (Koch, USA) and SW30 (FilmTec, The Netherlands) membranes have shown a similar overall behavior either for single NaCl or Tropaeolin O filtrations. The comparison of Tropaeolin O/Thiamine rejections by the TFC-HR membrane has shown that membrane/solute electrostatic interactions explained the rejection in single solutions. However, in 30 g L-1 NaCl and synthetic seawater, rejections were more likely due to the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance of a given solute: the more hydrophobic form being more rejected than the hydrophilic ones. Finally, the ethanol addition (30%) was achieved to study the impact of a second concentrated organics, moreover able to modify the background solvent of the filtration; Tropaeolin O rejection was decreased.

The main objective of this study is to enhance the performances of local materials in order to be used in road construction sector. To enhance the performances of this local materials, the strategy adopted is to combine the beneficial effects of mixing different materials and treatment using binders. The materials used in this study are tuffs and dune sands. Hence the present work is also a contribution to the co-valorisation of local materials in arid region of the south of Algeria. According to the results obtained, it is shown that the tuffs of the Saharan regions are suitable for the use of Saharan pavements, particularly in base layers and foundations. The incorporation of dune sand up to 20% improves the mechanical performance. The binders treatment (cement, lime and cement/lime) have induced a further improvement in bearing capacity and compressive strength as well as tensile strength. With these improvement, the materials could be used in roads with heavy and important traffic. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Using L1 in foreign language lessons has certainly been studied a lot in language teaching; however this practice has been approached from a point of view where different aspects have not been taken into account. In Algeria, this practice becomes even more problematic when L1 is Algerian Arabic and the target foreign language is French. While some teachers admit to using it, others downplay it. The reason is that this practice is surrounded by a didactic vagueness which makes it difficult to grasp. Evolving in a complex terrain characterized by heterogeneity, plurality and variation, it can only be approached in a conception in which the didactic dimension and the sociolinguistic dimension are taken into account simultaneously. Instead of considering it only from a restrictive point of view, that of the class, this research has chosen to consider it from a mainly sociolinguistic point of view, taking into account language practices in general and the didactic practices implementing this practice at school. And this is the reason why this research is resolutely in sociodidactics. It is both a theoretical and methodological renewal. Understanding the evolution of the use of AA at the heart of the problem has required a specific method: the biographical method. Biographical interviews were carried out with seenteen French teachers (old and new) working at the middle level (college). This method consisted in collecting the testimonies (inevitably passed through the filter of representations) of the latter concerning their relationship to languages and language learning throughout their learners' journey requiring consideration of the time dimension (too often neglected) in research). Among other things, this involves shedding light not only on the use of Algerian Arabic practiced in the classroom but above all on the evolution of this practice through the educational and later professional career of the interviewee. From this perspective, biographical interviews have proved to be very effective in identifying plurilingual practices in a sociolinguistic context characterized by plurality, as in the field of this research. Finally, by returning to the linguistic past of these speakers, the purpose is to understand their linguistic present. Indeed, the respondents choose their languages according to the nature of the communication situations of their daily life (formal as well as informal), the spaces (at school and outside the school), the interlocutors involved in the interaction (students, French teachers, teachers of other subjects, family, friends, etc.). It's about understanding When? How? 'Or' What ? With whom ? And why, do they use Algerian Arabic?, Résumé La question du recours à la L1 en cours de langue étrangère, a certes été beaucoup étudiée en didactique des langues néanmoins cette pratique a été approchée selon un point de vue où différents aspects ont été peu pris en compte. En Algérie, cette pratique s’avère encore plus problématique lorsque la L1 est l’arabe algérien et la langue étrangère cible est le français. Si certains enseignants admettent y recourir, d’autres minimisent ce recours. La raison en est que cette pratique est entourée d’un flou didactique qui la rend difficilement saisissable. Évoluant dans un terrain complexe caractérisé par l’hétérogénéité, la pluralité et la variation, elle ne peut être approchée que dans une conception où sont prises en compte concomitamment la dimension didactique et la dimension sociolinguistique. Au lieu de la considérer seulement d’un point de vue restrictif, celui de la classe, cette recherche a choisi de la considérer d’un point de vue principalement sociolinguistique en tenant compte des pratiques langagières en général en lien avec les pratiques didactiques mettant en œuvre cette pratique à l’école. Et c’est la raison pour laquelle cette recherche s’inscrit résolument en sociodidactique. C’est à la fois un renouvellement théorique et méthodologique. La compréhension de l’évolution du recours à l’AA au centre de la problématique a nécessité de recourir à une méthode spécifique : la méthode biographique. Des entretiens biographiques ont été réalisés auprès de dix sept (17) enseignants de français (anciens et nouveaux) exerçant au niveau moyen (collège). Cette méthode a consisté à recueillir les témoignages (passés inévitablement par le filtre des représentations) de ces derniers concernant leur rapport aux langues et les apprentissages des langues durant tout leur parcours d’apprenants nécessitant la prise en compte de la dimension temporelle (trop souvent négligée en recherche). Il s’agit entre autres d’apporter des éclairages non seulement sur le recours à l’arabe algérien pratiquée en classe mais surtout sur l’évolution de cette pratique à travers le parcours scolaire et plus tard professionnel de l’enquêté. Dans cette perspective, les entretiens biographiques se sont révélés être très efficaces pour l’identification de pratiques plurilingues dans un contexte sociolinguistique caractérisé par la pluralité à l’exemple du terrain de cette recherche. Enfin, en opérant un retour sur le passé langagier de ces locuteurs, la finalité est de comprendre leur présent langagier. En effet, les enquêtés choisissent leur langues en fonction de la nature des situations de communication de leur quotidien (formelles comme informelles), des espaces (à l’école comme à l’extérieur de l’école), des interlocuteurs engagés dans l’interaction (élèves, professeurs de français, professeurs des autres matières, famille, amis…). Il s’agit de comprendre Quand ? Comment ? Avec qui ? Et pourquoi, ils recourent à l’arabe algérien ?

In this work, we study some reaction-diffusion equations set in two habitats which model the spatial dispersal of the triatomines, vectors of Chagas disease. We prove in particular that the dispersal operator generates an analytic semigroup in an adequate space and we prove the local existence of the solution for the corresponding Cauchy problem.

This topical review gathers the last updates concerning caesium-free negative ion sources presented during the $$63{\mathrm {rd}}$$ Course of the International school of Quantum Electronics of the Ettore Majorana Foundation and European collaborative works related to these lectures. Hence, beyond the frame of this course this topical review addresses both theoretical and experimental work performed during these last few years and complexities represented by the conception of a negative ion source ranging from the creation of negative ions to their neutralization.

The present thesis work concerns the comparative study of verbal interactions in radio broadcasts : « Music Generation » of FM Mostaganem radio and Music and Algiers radio Channel 3. This is explain the sociolinguistic process that governs the radio interactions of the two programs. This work aims to analyze and exploit the structure as well as the organization of the speaking turns by describing the language behaviors of the presenters, the guests as well as their calling listeners in a multilingual context. It will be, from the development of a corpus consisting of four recordings with a duration of 210 minutes spread over the year 2016, to apply what we offer the tools of conversational analysis and to respond doubly to the interrogation of the analysis of the content of radio broadcasts., Le présent travail de thèse porte sur l’étude comparative des interactions verbales dans les émissions radiophoniques : Génération Musique de la radiodiffusion FM / Mostaganem et de la radio d’Alger chaîne 3. Il s’agit d’expliquer le processus sociolinguistique qui régit les interactions radiophoniques des deux émissions. Ce travail ambitionne d’analyser et d’exploiter la structure ainsi que l’organisation des tours de parole en décrivant les comportements langagiers des animateurs, des invités ainsi que de leurs auditeurs appelants dans un contexte plurilingue. Il s’agira, à partir de l’élaboration d’un corpus constitué de quatre enregistrements d’une durée de 210 minutes échelonnées sur l’année 2016, d’appliquer ce que nous offrent les outils de l’analyse conversationnelle et de répondre doublement à l’interrogation de l’analyse du contenu des émissions radiophoniques.

International audience

International audience

A devastating mass mortality event (MME) very likely caused by the protozoan Haplosporidium pinnae first detected in 2016 in the Western Mediterranean Sea, is pushing the endemic bivalve Pinna nobilis to near extinction. Populations recovery, if possible, will rely on larval dispersal from unaffected sites and potential recolonization through recruitment of resistant juveniles. To assess the impact of the MME on the species’ larval recruitment, an unprecedented network of larval collector stations was implemented over several thousands of kilometers along the Western Mediterranean coasts during the 3 years after the onset of the MME. The findings of this network showed a generalized disruption in recruitment with dramatic consequences for the recovery of the species. However, there were exceptions to this pattern and recruits were recorded in a few sites where the resident population had been decimated. This hints to the importance of unaffected populations as larval exporting sources and the role of oceanographic currents in larval transport in the area, representing a beacon of hope in the current extremely worrying scenario for this emblematic species., DK and MV-L were supported by a Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación postdoctoral contract (Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities; IJCI-2017-31457 and IJCI-2016-29329, respectively). SK was partially supported by a postdoctoral contract (EU Horizon 2020, Project: MERCES, No. 689518). EÁ was supported by a Technical Support Staff contract (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness, PTA2015-10829-I). This study was partially funded by: EsMarEs (MITECO), SuMaEco (RTI2018-095441-B-C21, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities) and Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation (Project BF/HEM 15-1662). The authors acknowledge the MEDCLIC project, funded by “La Caixa” Foundation, contributing to the development of the WMOP hydrodynamic model.

This paper is devoted to the abstract study of operational second-order differential equations of elliptic type with nonregular coefficient-operator boundary conditions in a non-commutative framework. The study is performed when the second member f belongs to $$L^{p}(0,1;X)$$, with general $$p\in ]1,+\infty [$$, X being a UMD Banach space. We give some new results by using semigroups and interpolation theory. Existence, uniqueness and optimal regularity of the classical and semi-classical solution are proved. This paper improves naturally the ones studied in the commutative case by Hammou et al. (Mediterr J Math, 1669–1683, 2015).

National audience

Soil liquefaction is a significant natural hazard associated with earthquakes. Some of its devastating effects include tilting and sinking of buildings and bridges, and destruction of pipelines. Conventional geotechnical engineering assumes liquefaction occurs via elevated pore pressure. We show, using simulations and experiments, another mechanism for liquefaction in saturated sandy soils, without high pore fluid pressure. In this work, the objective is to follow and characterize the vertical displacement of an intruder on a saturated mass of soil in laboratory experiments. The liquefaction is shown to have a direct impact on the vertical displacement of intruders. It can be concluded that the movement of the intruder depends essentially on the imposed acceleration and the relative density of soil., La liquéfaction est un risque naturel important associé aux séismes. Certains de ses effets dévastateurs incluent le basculement et le naufrage des bâtiments et des ponts, ainsi que la destruction des pipelines. L'ingénierie géotechnique conventionnelle suppose que la liquéfaction se produit via une pression interstitielle élevée. Nous montrons, en utilisant des simulations et des expériences, un autre mécanisme de liquéfaction dans des sols sableux saturés, sans pression de fluide interstitielle élevée. L’objectif de ce travail, est de suivre et de caractériser le déplacement vertical d'un intrus sur une masse de sol saturée lors d'expériences en laboratoire. A partir des résultats, Il a été démontré que la liquéfaction a un impact direct sur le déplacement vertical de l’intrus. On peut en conclure que le mouvement de l'intrus dépend essentiellement de l'accélération imposée et de la densité relative du sol.

Given the vastness of the universe, knowing its structure is not easy with the scientific means that we have today. However, these scientific means allowed us to study and know the structure and functioning of the closest objects, such as stars, planets and some galaxies of the local group. In this work, we are going to make a comparative study which will allow us to use the knowledge collected on stars, to discover the structure and the functioning of active galaxies.The different images provided by high resolution telescopes and radio telescopes show a great similarity between stars and active galaxies. In this paper, we highlight the different points in common between these two objects. The common points are highlighted by a comparison between: the Radio galaxies and stars of the main sequence, quasars and the T Tauri stars, Blasars and the neutron stars, Dust-Obscured Galaxies and the proto stars, "HFLS3 galaxy" and the red giant. Basing on the results of this comparison we propose a new model of unification of active galaxies. This new unification depends on the age of the active galaxies and not on their viewing angle. These results also show, the important role of active galaxies in galactic clusters. In a second part of this article, following the obtained results, we present the different stages of formation of active galaxies ., Compte tenu de l'immensité de l'univers, connaître sa structure n'est pas facile avec les moyens scientifiques dont nous disposons aujourd'hui. Cependant, ces moyens scientifiques nous ont permis d'étudier et de connaître la structure et le fonctionnement des objets les plus proches, tels que les étoiles, les planètes et certaines galaxies du groupe local. Dans ce travail, nous allons faire une étude comparative qui nous permettra d'utiliser les connaissances collectées sur les étoiles, pour découvrir la structure et le fonctionnement des galaxies actives. Les différentes images fournies par les télescopes à haute résolution et les radiotélescopes montrent une grande similitude entre les étoiles et les galaxies actives. Dans cet article, nous mettons en évidence les différents points en communs entre ces deux objets de l'univers. Les points communs sont mis en évidence par une comparaison entre: les radiogalaxies et les étoiles de la séquence principale, les quasars et les étoiles T Tauri, les Blasars et les étoiles à neutrons, les galaxies obscurcies par la poussière et les étoiles proto, la "galaxie HFLS3" et la géante rouge . Sur la base des résultats de cette comparaison, nous proposons un nouveau modèle d'unification des galaxies actives. Cette nouvelle unification dépend de l'âge des galaxies actives et non de leur angle de vue. Ces résultats montrent également le rôle important des galaxies actives dans les amas galactiques. Dans une seconde partie de cet article et suite aux résultats obtenus, nous présentons les différentes étapes de formation des galaxies actives.

International audience; The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a re-feeding protocol with fermented wheat Hamoum based- diet (FWH) had a beneficial effect on the recovery of weight growth as well restoration of intestinal organs morphometry and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in young malnourished rats during the weaning period. Male Wistar rats (n = 36) aged 4-weeks and weighing 66 +/- 0.17g were divided into five groups. The first group constitute the control group (C) subjected to an experimental balanced diet with 20% casein; the second is the malnourished group (Mal) received a protein-deficient diet (2% casein) for 28 days; The other three groups constitute the malnourished and refed groups, they were refed for 28 days with FWH (Mal/FWH), non-fermented wheat-based diet (Mal/NFW) and control diet (Mal/C). We evaluated the weight growth of rats, the intestinal organs morphometry (small bowel, cecum and colon), the pH level and SCFA content. The results obtained show that the refeeding with FWH was sufficient to induce a recovery in the weight growth and the intestinal morphometry. It also contributed to the enhancement of the pH levels in the intestinal lumen and increased SCFA content in particular acetic acid at the ileal and colic level compared to Mal group. This recovery was strongly observed in Mal/FWH than for Mal/NFW and Mal/C groups. These findings indicated that FWH based diet could effectively improve the physiological functioning of the intestinal tract after weaning in situations of protein malnutrition.

Highlights• A comparative synthesis method of composite with/without glass wool GW is described.• Solvothermal and hydrothermal synthesis methods are chosen in this study.• The obtained photocatalyst Bi2O3-ZnO-GW by solvothermal method is red-shifted.• The efficiency of this photocatalyst is much higher than that of the benchmark P25.• This photocatalyst exhibits a high stability after five uses.; International audience; In this study, a comparison between two methods of synthesis of Bi2O3-ZnO composite deposited on glass wool (GW) was conducted via the layered double hydroxide (LDH) synthesis route followed by treatment at 450 °C. The obtained materials were characterized by TGA, XDR, SEM, BET, XPS and UV–visible DRS. Characterization results showed two structures identified as LDH and (BiO)2CO3 with and without GW before heat treatment. Bi2O3-ZnO composite was obtained after treatment at 450 °C; however, solvothermal synthesis with GW would appear to be better than that of hydrothermal. Indeed, the material prepared by solvothermal with GW then treated at 450 °C has good crystallinity, high specific surface and lowest band gap energy compared to materials synthesized by hydrothermal. Furthermore, this material showed photocatalytic efficiency of 20 min for a total discoloration of the indigo carmine (IC), this was the best time of discoloration obtained compared to other materials and others from the literature. Identification of the responsible species for the photo-discoloration was conducted and the result showed that the species responsible for the dye discoloration was the radical superoxide anion with a small contribution of the e−/h+ pair. It appears that the hydroxyl radical didn't contribute in this discoloration mechanism.

Nous nous intéressons ici à des discours extraits d’un corpus numérique constitué à partir d’une page Facebook intitulée « Mostaganem des années 50 ». Cette dernière diffuse depuis 2012 d’anciennes photographies de la ville auprès d’un peu plus de 16 600 abonnés. Les commentaires qui accompagnent ces « publications » donnent souvent lieu à des échanges entre internautes. La discussion s’articule autour de l’espace représenté sur la photographie (rue, quartier, pont, villa, jardin, hôpital, marché, etc.) et laisse apparaître des tensions entre les habitants de la ville. En effet, il ressort de l’analyse des énoncés constituant notre corpus que les nombreux éléments qui composent le mal-être en ville, les frustrations de leurs habitants et leurs attentes demeurées souvent sans réponses alimentent et renforcent les « traditionnelles » fractures intra-urbaines entre ceux qui se disent « citadins », « anciens » et « vrais habitants » de la ville et ceux qui sont venus y habiter plus récemment. Ces malaises sont dus à des problèmes liés à des questions telles que la densité de la population, l’hygiène urbaine, l’incompétence des élus, la sauvegarde et restauration du patrimoine matériel, l’urbanisation de la ville, etc. In this article, I spot the light on a discourse extracted from a digital corpus from a Facebook page entitled Mostaganem of the 50s. This latter has been posting/distributing old photographes of the city since 2012. The page has around 16 600 suscribers. The comments that goes with those “posts” often lead the internet users to an exchange and debats about the posted pictures (street, quarter, bridge, villa, gardin, hospital, market etc.) and leave tensions between the city’s inhabitants. In fact, the analysis of the statements that constitue our corpus shows that malaises socio-urban feed and strengthen the “traditional” intra-urbans fractures among those “townsfolk” “Old” and “natives/real inhabitants” of the city and those who come recently. Those malaises have problems related to the population density, urban protection, incompetent electers, safeguarding and restoration of material heritage, urbanisation of the city, etc.

International audience; Within specialized metabolites, coumarins and furanocoumarins represent a wide group of structurally diverse compounds and are specially produced in plants belonging to the Rutaceae family. Here we performed the furanocoumarin and coumarin-targeted chemical characterization of three Ruteae species collected from Algeria. Detection and quantification of 27 coumarins and furanocoumarins extracted from stems and leaves was carried out by UHPLC-MS. We highlighted significant chemical differences between these plants. Ruta chalepensis L. is the highest producer with 24.83 mmol/g dry material in stems and 15.70 mmol/g dry materials in leaves while Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forsk.) is the lowest producer. We also showed a surprising chemical diversity between R. chalepensis L and R. angustifolia Pers. This chemical diversity might, therefore, be a helpful tool for phylogenetic identification of plants.

National audience

The present work aims at studying the formulation and characterization of self-compacting concrete equivalent mortars, using calcined mud from the dredged sediments brought from the dam (Western Algeria) and fly ash from the Central Thermal EDF (France). Three SCCEM samples were prepared; a control mortar sample and two mortar samples containing 22% of mineral additions, with a ratio W/B = 0.47. The analysis of the experimental results obtained indicates that mortars comprising calcined mud develop greater compressive strengths than those containing fly ash. Regarding free shrinkage, mortar with calcined mud is characterized by an autogenous shrinkage similar to those of control and fly ash mortars. However, it is more sensitive to total shrinkage and drying as compared to the other mortars. Under the conditions of restrained shrinkage, control and calcined mud mortars are more sensitive to early cracking than mortar based on fly ash. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la formulación y caracterización del morteros equivalentes de hormigón autocompactante, que utilizan lodo calcinado de los sedimentos dragados traídos de una presa (oeste de Argelia) y cenizas volantes del (EDF Central térmica, Francia). Se prepararon tres muestras de MEHA ; una muestra de mortero de control y dos muestras de mortero que contienen 22% de adiciones de minerales, con una relación a/s = 0.47. El análisis de los resultados experimentales obtenidos indica que los morteros que contienen lodo calcinado desarrollan mayores resistencias a la compresión que los que contienen cenizas volantes. En cuanto a la retracción libre, el mortero con el lodo calcinado se caracteriza por una retracción autógena similar a los de los morteros de control y de cenizas volantes. Sin embargo, es más sensible a la retracción total y al secado en comparación con los otros morteros. En las condiciones de retracción restringida, los morteros de control y de base de lodo calcinado son más sensibles a la fisuración temprana que el mortero a base de cenizas volantes.

Le présent article a pour but d'étudier le comportement mécanique de la zone tendue d’assemblages boulonnés par platine d'about. Elle est modélisée par des tronçons en té caractérisés par une longueur efficace permettant d’obtenir la résistance et la rigidité. Le diamètre et la position des boulons, l’épaisseur de la semelle du tronçon ainsi que la précontrainte dans les boulons influent sur sa résistance, son mode de ruine et sa rigidité. Un modèle numérique a été développé afin d'évaluer les performances mécaniques d'un tronçon en té comportant deux rangées de boulons avec et sans précontrainte. L'évolution des efforts internes dans les boulons et des efforts de levier sont présentés. Le modèle est validé en comparant sa courbe globale force-déplacement avec celle obtenue par essais expérimentaux disponibles dans la bibliographie., Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne

We study small, $${{\mathcal{PT}}}$$ -symmetric perturbations of self-adjoint double-well Schrodinger operators in dimension $${n\ge 1}$$ . We prove that the eigenvalues stay real for a very small perturbation, then bifurcate to the complex plane as the perturbation gets stronger.

International audience

International audience; Potencial regulador de parasitoides sobre poblaciones de Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) en laboratorio, bajo condiciones semiáridas Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el potencial regulador de Lysiphlebus testaceipes y Aphidius matricariae sobre Aphis gossy-pii en condiciones de laboratorio semiáridas. Nuestros resultados mostraron que la longevidad de las hembras de L. testaceipes fue significativamente menor que la de A. matricariae. El porcentaje diario de momificación fue más importante para L. testaceipes que para A. matricariae y disminuyó con la edad de los parasitoides. En general, las tasas de momificación y de emergencia fueron más altas en L. testaceipes. La descendencia de A. matricariae se des-arrolló en menos tiempo que la de L. testaceipes. La proporción sexual no varió respecto a las especies parasitoides. Con nuestros resultados, L. testaceipes fue más efectivo para el control biológico de A. gossypii en patata en agro-ecosistemas semiáridos. Abstract This study aims to evaluate the regulatory potential of Lysiphlebus testaceipes and Aphidius matricariae over Aphis gossypii in semi-arid laboratory conditions. Our results showed that the longevity of L. testaceipes females was significantly lower than A. matricariae ones. The daily mummification rate of aphid was more important for L. testaceipes than for A. matricariae and declined with parasitoids age. Overall, both the mummification rates and the emergence rates were the highest in L. testaceipes. A. matricariae offspring developed in a shorter time compared to L. testaceipes ones. The overall sex ratio did not vary according to parasitoid species. From our results L. testaceipes was more effective for the biological control of A. gossypii on potato in the semi-arid agro-ecosystems.

Probiotics have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their biotechnological and immunomodulatory properties. The proteolytic activity and the protective effect of Bacillus subtilis isolated from Algerian goat milk preventing the development of allergic reactions were determined. On the base of SDS–PAGE analysis and the increase of detectable α-NH2 groups, it can be concluded that the isolated isolate has high proteolytic activity. Oral administration of studied Bacillus subtilis DAF442 resulted in significantly lower titers of anti β-lactoglobulin IgG and IgE. This was correlated with a significant decrease in the anaphylactic response ex vivo as measured by reduced short circuit current (Isc) and epithelial conductance (G) and in vivo in mice. Bacillus subtilis DAF442 pretreatment promoted an important protection against changes in intestinal morphology induced by β-lactoglobulin. Hence it can be concluded that studied Bacillus subtilis strain with high proteolytic activity can modulate effectively the immune response and prevent allergic reactions against β-lactoglobulin.

In this work we study an elliptic differential equation set in two habitats which models a linear stationary case of dispersal problems of population dynamics incorporating responses at interfaces between the habitats. We prove that this operator generates an analytic semigroup in an adapted space of Holder-continuous functions.

International audience; Cette étude relève du domaine de la sociophonétique, une discipline récente des sciences du langage qui a comme objectif l'étude phonétique en impliquant « les variables sociales », (Léon, Cichoki 1989). L'échantillon choisi pour cette analyse est l'émission Yadès, Le locuteur-Animateur de ce programme, converse en mélangeant (arabe algérien/français) dans des différentes échanges avec les Auditeurs-Participants. J'ai relevé un phénomène récurrent, qui est cette utilisation du changement phonique dans les conversations entre l'Animateur-Locuteur et les Interlocuteurs-Auditeurs. Le protagoniste de l'émission qui est l'animateur est censé s'exprimer correctement en langue française par sa formation, utilise les changements phoniques dans plusieurs situations de communication, de multiples questions m'interpellent : Quelles sont les variations phonétiques utilisées par l'Animateur-Locuteur ? Avec qui adopte-t-il ces variations phonétiques ? Et à quelles fins stratégiques ? Après l'analyse de l'émission, je suis arrivée au résultat suivant l'Animateur-Locuteur utilise les variations phonétiques stéréotypées à des fins humoristiques.

International audience; Cheliff River is the most important permanent river of North-west Algeria which plays an essential role for irrigation and drinking water supply, but suffers from high anthropogenic pressure. Multi-dimensional and multi-factorial aspects of water pollution in Cheliff River and its tributary Mina River were evidenced during two contrasting climatic seasons. Urban discharges were identified as a major source of water organic pollution. The inputs of untreated sewages were characterized by maximum concentrations of tryptophan-like (5.7 µmol l−1) and tyrosine-like (9.8 µmol l−1) compounds during the dry period, confirming these amino acids as fingerprints of untreated urban discharges. The synchronous monitoring and assessment of physicochemical parameters, fluorescent organic compounds and metallic elements of Cheliff River waters highlighted its global contamination, mainly in its downstream part. Cheliff River was mainly affected by organic pollution with maximum COD (1536 mg O2 l−1) and BOD5 (12 mg O2 l−1) during the wet period, and by metallic contamination with maximum Fe (287 ± 4.4 µg l−1) and Al (422.4 ± 9.4 µg l−1) during the dry period, exceeding the guideline limits. This chronic contamination was related to untreated domestic sewages, agricultural effluents and technical landfill center discharges in this area. Diffuse pollutions were also evidenced, which made the identification of different contamination sources complicated. Mina River was mostly affected by non-treated domestic sewages with maximum COD (3161 mg O2 l−1) during the wet period and maximum BOD5 (12 mg O2 l−1) during the dry period, exceeding the guideline limits. The correlation Li/Sr showed the contribution of natural influence from saline soils of Mina valley, particularly during the dry period.

This work aims to study the feasibility of making a geopolymer cement based on dredged sediments, from the Fergoug dam (Algeria). Sedimentary clays were characterized before and after calcination by X-ray diffraction, ATG / ATD, spectroscopy (FTIR) and XRF analysis. The reactivity of the calcined products was measured using isothermal calorimetric analysis (DSC) on pastes prepared by mixing an alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 8 M in an amount allowing to have a Na / Al ratio close to 1. Also, cubic mortar samples were prepared with a ratio L / S: 0.8, sealed and cured for 24 hours at 60 ° C and then at room temperature. The results obtained allowed to optimize the calcination time of 5 hours for a better reactivity of these sediments, and a concentration of 8M of sodium hydroxide and more suitable to have the best mechanical performances.

International audience; Polymer composite pipes can be exposed to the thermomechanical loading due to hot and cold fluid flow, which results in the degradation of their properties. In this paper, effect on mechanical properties of composite pipes under different temperatures ranging from −40 to 80 °C is studied experimentally. The composite pipes consist of glass/epoxy tubes having 86 mm internal diameter and 6.2 mm of thickness with ±55° glass filament winding, intended for offshoring applications. TEMA TTC machine and split disk are used for uniaxial tensile tests and the thermal aging is considered with the help of SERVONTAN climatic chamber. Thermal aging is carried out on these specimens in climatic chamber for 8 h at different temperatures and then uniaxial test is performed. Experimental results have shown degradation in the mechanical properties of polymer pipes with an increase in the temperature. For pipes at colder temperature, the rigidity of composite increases progressively with the temperature and results in drastic decrease in the displacement at break. Also there is a decrease in the yield stress and an increase in yield strain with an increase in the temperature.

International audience; In Algeria during the years 1953-1958, most of the achievements of the French pavilions of « Castor » housing estates are concentrated in Oran. Produced during the colonial period in self-construction and in accordance with the model implemented in France, the houses are arranged in the form of a stereotyped « Pavilion model » and are adapted to a particular category of the European population. After the departure of this population in 1962, these residential suburbs have been gradually transformed by the new Algerian occupants. Starting from this « substitution », numerous questions relate the way of their re-appropriation. The case of the subdivision of Familiaux and Traminot Castors (CFT) from Maraval (district of El-Othmania in Oran), in which we conducted a qualitative survey between 2010 and 2013, revealed to us the importance of the socio-spatial readjustments. A process of appropriation that has defined, on the one hand, the contours of the different forms of transformation that prevail in their organizations, and has brought out, on the other hand, from the remodeling of the original pavilion model, a type of hybrid habitat, using Algerian and Western cultural references. Thus, the article proposes to show the extent of the changes in the mode of dwelling in the practical and symbolic dimensions of space, through new arrangements of facilities, and to highlight in particular, the role of residential transformations in the affirmation of the social and economic status of the purchasers. Its objective is to question the future of a European suburban residential heritage dating from the middle of the 20th century, whose outlines are progressively altered.; En Algérie, au cours des années 1953-1958, la plupart des réalisations des lotissements pavillonnaires français des Castors se concentrent à Oran. Produites à l’époque coloniale en auto-construction, et conformément au modèle mis en œuvre en France, les habitations se disposent sous forme de « modèle pavillonnaire » stéréotypé et sont adaptées à une catégorie de la population européenne. Après le départ de cette population en 1962, ces lotissements pavillonnaires ont été transformés avec le temps par les nouveaux occupants algériens. À partir de cette « substitution », de nombreuses interrogations portent sur le mode de leur réappropriation. Le cas du lotissement des Castors Familiaux et Traminots (CFT) de Maraval (arrondissement d’El-Othmania à Oran), dans lequel nous avons effectué une enquête entre 2010 et 2013, nous a révélé l’importance des recompositions socio-spatiales à l’œuvre. Un processus d’appropriation a montré, d’une part, les contours des différentes formes de transformations qui prévalent dans leurs organisations, et a souligné l’importance du contrôle social et des valeurs sociohistoriques algériennes dans la dimension spatiale. Aussi, l’article propose de mettre en scène l’ampleur des mutations des modes d’habiter selon les dimensions pratiques et symboliques de l’espace, en précisant le rôle des transformations habitantes dans l’affirmation du statut social et économique des occupants. Cette recherche a pour objectif de questionner le devenir d’un patrimoine résidentiel pavillonnaire européen datant de la moitié du xxe siècle, dont les contours sont progressivement altérés.

In this work, we study an elliptic differential equation set in three habitats with skewness boundary conditions at the interfaces. It represents the linear stationary case of dispersal problems of population dynamics which incorporate responses at interfaces between the habitats. Existence, uniqueness and regularity of the solution of these problems are obtained in Holder spaces under necessary and sufficient conditions on the data. Our techniques are based on the semigroup theory, the fractional powers of linear operators, the $$H^{\infty }$$ functional calculus for sectorial operators in Banach spaces and some properties of real interpolation spaces.

International audience; This paper proposes a correct-by-construction method to build realizable choreographies described using conversation protocols (CPs). We define a new language consisting of an operators set for incremental construction of CPs. We suggest an asynchronous model described with the Event-B method and its refinement strategy, ensuring the scalability of our approach.

International audience; UV and solar radiation photocatalytic degradation of basic dye Rhodamine B (RhB) using ZnAl-layered double hydroxide photocatalyst was investigated. ZnAl-layered double hydroxide (ZA4-HT) with a molar ratio of 4:1 was synthesized from zinc and aluminum salts by co-precipitation methods, followed by heat treatment at 500 °C (CZA4). Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that after heat treatment of ZA4-HT, the pristine structure collapsed resulting in ZnO particles and ZnAl2O4 spinel. The discoloration rate of RhB was lower than 8% through direct photolysis. The calcined ZA4-HT showed high photocatalytic efficiency with a discoloration rate of about 100% after 90 min exposure time to UV or sunlight radiation. The optimal catalyst loading was found to be 1 g/L and the discoloration time increased with the dye concentration. The photodiscoloration and the photodegradation kinetics data were described by pseudo-first-order and Langmuir–Hinshelwood models. The reusability study of the calcined material showed a stable efficiency after four successive uses.

International audience; Automatic detection of the QRS complexes/R-peaks in an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is the most important step preceding any kind of ECG processing and analysis. The performance of these systems heavily relies on the accuracy of the QRS detector. The objective of present work is to drive a new robust method based on stationary wavelet transform (SWT) for R-peaks detection. The decimation of the coefficients at each level of the transformation algorithm is omitted, more samples in the coefficient sequences are available and hence a better outlier detection can be performed. Using the information of local maxima, minima and zero crossings of the fourth SWT coefficient detail, the proposed algorithm identifies the significant points for detection and delineation of the QRS complexes, as well as detection and identification of the QRS individual waves peaks of the pre-processed ECG signal.Various experimental results show that the proposed algorithm exhibits reliable QRS detection as well as accurate ECG delineation, achieving excellent performance on different databases, on the MIT-BIH database (Se = 99.84%, P = 99.88%), on the QT Database (Se = 99.94%, P = 99.89%) and on MIT-BIH Noise Stress Test Database, (Se = 95.30%, P = 93.98%). Reliability and accuracy are close to the highest among the ones obtained in other studies. Experiments results being satisfactory, the SWT may represent a novel QRS detection tool, for a robust ECG signal analysis.

International audience; This work considers a two dimensional numerical device simulation system using a novel digitizing scheme based on finite elements coupled with the Delaunay triangulation method which allowed an optimal mesh involved in nonrectangular devices as a corner diode. A grid was generated automatically according to the specified device geometry standing on the Delaunay triangulation process. The solution of the problem consists in the resolution of three strong nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE) which are, in occurrence, two dimensional Poisson and continuity equations. Modeled voltage, free carriers distribution and I-V characteristics were extracted when the PN junction resolution was based on second-order Bezier curves. The results are presented using a Delaunay triangulation meshing mathematical tool.

International audience; Le présent article décrit le comportement mécanique et l'évaluation des efforts d'assemblages boulonnés poteau-poutre en présence de la platine d'about avec ou sans raidisseurs. Les raidisseurs sont utilisés dans les assemblages pour les renforcer localement. Les positions et les dimensions des raidisseurs modifient la rigidité locale et globale des assemblages ainsi que leurs résistances et leurs capacités de rotation. Un bilan des approches d'études d'assemblages métalliques boulonnés disponibles dans la littérature est présenté. Il concerne les approches analytiques, numériques et expérimentale. Ensuite, un modèle numérique est proposé pour évaluer la performance mécanique des assemblages boulonnés en considérant quelques configurations géométriques et différents modes de raidissage. Un regard particulier est porté sur la rigidité initiale de l'assemblage et sa résistance élasto-plastique. Les résultats numériques sont comparés à ceux donnés par des études expérimentales existantes.

Our observation of departure is related to the evolution of the sport in the different spheres of society. And sports is considered to be a "total social fact" we plan to study this phenomenon from the perspective of everything that relates to the individual, with emphasis on the factors promoting his property. Our work is based on databases and research and is based on the results of scientific studies related to the longevity of human beings, a way to live long and healthy. The originality of this work, revolves around two principles, first understand the importance of his own approach, which translates into the practice of physical activity and the second be aware of the risks of physical inactivity., Notre constat de départ est lié à l’évolution de la pratique sportive dans les différentes sphères de la société. Et comme la pratique sportive est considérée comme un « fait social total » nous avons projeté d’étudier ce phénomène sous l’angle de tout ce qui a trait à l’individu, en mettant l’accent sur les facteurs favorisant son bien être. Notre travail repose sur des bases et des travaux de recherche et s’inspire des résultats d’études scientifiques ayant trait à la longévité de l’être humain, une manière de vivre longtemps et en bonne santé. L’originalité de ce travail, s’articule autour de deux principes, le premier comprendre l’importance de sa propre démarche, qui se traduit par la pratique d’une activité physique et le second prendre conscience des risques de la sédentarité.

International audience; In Algeria during the years 1953-1958, most of the achievements of the French pavilions of « Castor » housing estates are concentrated in Oran. Produced during the colonial period in self-construction and in accordance with the model implemented in France, the houses are arranged in the form of a stereotyped « Pavilion model » and are adapted to a particular category of the European population. After the departure of this population in 1962, these residential suburbs have been gradually transformed by the new Algerian occupants. Starting from this « substitution », numerous questions relate the way of their re-appropriation. The case of the subdivision of Familiaux and Traminot Castors (CFT) from Maraval (district of El-Othmania in Oran), in which we conducted a qualitative survey between 2010 and 2013, revealed to us the importance of the socio-spatial readjustments. A process of appropriation that has defined, on the one hand, the contours of the different forms of transformation that prevail in their organizations, and has brought out, on the other hand, from the remodeling of the original pavilion model, a type of hybrid habitat, using Algerian and Western cultural references. Thus, the article proposes to show the extent of the changes in the mode of dwelling in the practical and symbolic dimensions of space, through new arrangements of facilities, and to highlight in particular, the role of residential transformations in the affirmation of the social and economic status of the purchasers. Its objective is to question the future of a European suburban residential heritage dating from the middle of the 20th century, whose outlines are progressively altered.; En Algérie, au cours des années 1953-1958, la plupart des réalisations des lotissements pavillonnaires français des Castors se concentrent à Oran. Produites à l’époque coloniale en auto-construction, et conformément au modèle mis en œuvre en France, les habitations se disposent sous forme de « modèle pavillonnaire » stéréotypé et sont adaptées à une catégorie de la population européenne. Après le départ de cette population en 1962, ces lotissements pavillonnaires ont été transformés avec le temps par les nouveaux occupants algériens. À partir de cette « substitution », de nombreuses interrogations portent sur le mode de leur réappropriation. Le cas du lotissement des Castors Familiaux et Traminots (CFT) de Maraval (arrondissement d’El-Othmania à Oran), dans lequel nous avons effectué une enquête entre 2010 et 2013, nous a révélé l’importance des recompositions socio-spatiales à l’œuvre. Un processus d’appropriation a montré, d’une part, les contours des différentes formes de transformations qui prévalent dans leurs organisations, et a souligné l’importance du contrôle social et des valeurs sociohistoriques algériennes dans la dimension spatiale. Aussi, l’article propose de mettre en scène l’ampleur des mutations des modes d’habiter selon les dimensions pratiques et symboliques de l’espace, en précisant le rôle des transformations habitantes dans l’affirmation du statut social et économique des occupants. Cette recherche a pour objectif de questionner le devenir d’un patrimoine résidentiel pavillonnaire européen datant de la moitié du xxe siècle, dont les contours sont progressivement altérés.

We propose a Galerkin method for solving time fractional diffusion problems under quite general assumptions. Our approach relies on the theory of vector valued distributions. As an application, the “ $$\ell$$ goes to plus infinity” issue for these problems is investigated.

International audience; With the purpose of studying dry grassland plant groups in northwestern Algeria, we were led to sample and collect plant material. The identification and comparison with the current resources allowed us to add three taxa Echium modestum Ball, Plantago benisnassenii Romo, Peris & Stubing and Teucrium doumerguei Sennen to the Algerian flora. Two of these species, up to now endemic of Beni Snassen, eastern Morocco, are reported for the first time in the Traras Mountains. E. modestum is more widespread in Morocco than the other two. Their distributions, taxonomic and chorological statuses are discussed with an overview on the ecology of the localities where they were reported.; Dans le but d’étudier les groupements des pelouses sèches du Nord-Ouest de l’Algérie, nous avons été amenés à échantillonner et collecter du matériel végétal. L’identification avec les ressources actuelles et la comparaison avec les types et spécimens existant en herbier, nous a permis d’ajouter trois taxons Echium modestum Ball, Plantago benisnassenii Romo, Peris & Stübing et Teucrium doumerguei Sennen à la flore d’Algérie. Deux de ces espèces, jusqu’ici endémiques de Béni Snassen au Maroc oriental, sont signalées pour la première fois dans le massif des Traras. E. modestum est plus largement répartie au Maroc que les deux autres. Leurs répartitions, statuts taxinomique et chorologique sont discutés avec un aperçu sur l’écologie des localités où elles ont été signalées.

International audience; The present study was carried out to assess the effect of Fermented wheat Hamoum (FWH) on Bacterial Translocation in malnourished rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats weigthing 60 - 70 g and aged four weeks were used. Animals in Ct+ Group (malnourished group) were fed with protein malnutrition diet for 25 days; Group Ct- (negative control group) were fed with standard diet for 25 days. The remaining groups first received the protein malnutrition diet for 25 days before being fed for 25 days with different diets: diet supplemented with FWH (FWH Group) or standard diet (Std Group). Our results showed a high bacterial translocation rate in the Mesenteric Lymph Nodes (MLN), liver and spleen and morphological alterations in mucosal layers of the terminal ileum, in Ct+ group. In Ct - group there was no bacteria translocation in MLN, liver and spleen and there was a normal morphological appearance of the villus epithelium. In Std group, bacterial translocation was highly decreased in MLN and spleen, and not detected in liver. In FWH group, bacterial translocation was highly decreased in MLN and not detected in liver and spleen. Histological analysis showed that villous height and an intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) number were significantly decreased in the malnourished group. Conversely, in the FWH and Std group length of villi and IELs number were increased although the magnitude of the increase is lower in Std group than FWH Group.

Our observation of departure is related to the evolution of the sport in the different spheres of society. And sports is considered to be a "total social fact" we plan to study this phenomenon from the perspective of everything that relates to the individual, with emphasis on the factors promoting his property. Our work is based on databases and research and is based on the results of scientific studies related to the longevity of human beings, a way to live long and healthy. The originality of this work, revolves around two principles, first understand the importance of his own approach, which translates into the practice of physical activity and the second be aware of the risks of physical inactivity.; Notre constat de départ est lié à l’évolution de la pratique sportive dans les différentes sphères de la société. Et comme la pratique sportive est considérée comme un « fait social total » nous avons projeté d’étudier ce phénomène sous l’angle de tout ce qui a trait à l’individu, en mettant l’accent sur les facteurs favorisant son bien être. Notre travail repose sur des bases et des travaux de recherche et s’inspire des résultats d’études scientifiques ayant trait à la longévité de l’être humain, une manière de vivre longtemps et en bonne santé. L’originalité de ce travail, s’articule autour de deux principes, le premier comprendre l’importance de sa propre démarche, qui se traduit par la pratique d’une activité physique et le second prendre conscience des risques de la sédentarité.

Our observation of departure is related to the evolution of the sport in the different spheres of society. And sports is considered to be a "total social fact" we plan to study this phenomenon from the perspective of everything that relates to the individual, with emphasis on the factors promoting his property. Our work is based on databases and research and is based on the results of scientific studies related to the longevity of human beings, a way to live long and healthy. The originality of this work, revolves around two principles, first understand the importance of his own approach, which translates into the practice of physical activity and the second be aware of the risks of physical inactivity.; Notre constat de départ est lié à l’évolution de la pratique sportive dans les différentes sphères de la société. Et comme la pratique sportive est considérée comme un « fait social total » nous avons projeté d’étudier ce phénomène sous l’angle de tout ce qui a trait à l’individu, en mettant l’accent sur les facteurs favorisant son bien être. Notre travail repose sur des bases et des travaux de recherche et s’inspire des résultats d’études scientifiques ayant trait à la longévité de l’être humain, une manière de vivre longtemps et en bonne santé. L’originalité de ce travail, s’articule autour de deux principes, le premier comprendre l’importance de sa propre démarche, qui se traduit par la pratique d’une activité physique et le second prendre conscience des risques de la sédentarité.

Introduction et but de l’etude Historiquement utilise contre certaines pathologies digestives et autres complications physiologiques, le ble fermente traditionnel type Hamoum (BFH) renferme des microorganismes ayant des vertus nutritionnelles et dietetiques benefiques pour la sante de l’intestin. Nous nous somme interroge sur le profil bacteriologique de la flore bacterienne endogene. L’objectif de notre etude est d’isoler et identifier la flore bacterienne endogene du BFH et montrer l’effet inhibiteur de ces souches bacteriennes vis-a-vis de quelques germes Enteropathogenes. Historiquement utilise contre certaines pathologies digestives, le ble fermente traditionnel type Hamoum (BFH) renferme des microorganismes ayant des vertus nutritionnelles et dietetiques benefiques pour la sante de l’intestin. Nous nous sommes interroge sur le profil bacteriologique de la flore endogene. L’objectif de notre etude est d’isoler et identifier la flore bacterienne endogene du BFH et montrer l’effet inhibiteur de ces souches bacteriennes contre de quelques germes Enteropathogenes. Materiel et methodes Les analyses bacteriologiques utilisees dans cette etude sont appuyees sur des tests physiologiques comme l’activite catalytique, le test de croissance a differente temperature, le test de croissance dans les conditions hostiles, le test de croissance, le type fermentaire, le test de croissance dans different pH et la thermo resistance ainsi que l’activite proteolytique, l’activite lipolytique et l’activite amylolytique. Les tests biochimiques sont bases sur les tests Mannitol-Mobilite, TSI (Gelose Glucose-Lactose-Saccharose-H2S), citrate de Simmons, la recherche de l’arginine dihydrolase (ADH). L’etude des interactions bacterienne contre les germes Enteropathogenes est realisee selon la methode des puits. L’objectif de notre etude est d’identifier la flore bacterienne endogene du BFH et montrer l’effet inhibiteur de ces souches bacteriennes contre certains germes Enteropathogenes. Resultats et analyse statistique L’identification physiologique et biochimique de la flore bacterienne endogene a revelee 41 souches Gram positif et catalase negative ayant une activite amylolytique et proteolytique performante. Les bacteries les plus representees appartiennent aux genres Lactobacillus (L plantarum, L pentosus, L brevi, L paracasei ssp paracasei 3 et L paracasei ssp paracasei 1) avec un taux de 52 %, Pediococcus (P pentosuceus 1et P acidilactici) avec un taux de 14 %, Streptococcus (S thermophilus et S bovis avec un taux de 12 %, Lactococcus (Lac raffinolactis et Lac ssp lactis 1) avec un taux de 10 %, Leuconostoc mesenteroide avec un taux de 10 %) et Enterococcus (Weissella confusa) avec un taux de 02 %. L’etude de l’activite inhibitrice des souches bacterienne lactiques contre les germes Enteropathogenes Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27453, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 et Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 montre des zones d’inhibition satisfaisantes. Conclusion Le BFH s’avere riche en bacteries lactiques pourraient avoir un pouvoir protecteur et benefique sur la sante de l’intestin et le microbiote intestinal. D’autres perspectives sont a prevoir quand a la caracterisation de cette flore par analyse moleculaire et l’application des souches bacteriennes isolees ou combinees en physiopathologie intestinale ou en biotechnologie industrielle.

International audience; Ce travail est consacré à la planification dans la gestion de crises, telles que les inondations, les tremblements de terre ou explosions de violences urbaines. L’objectif de ce travail est de générer des plans à partir d’une spécification déclarative de la collaboration entre les différents acteurs impliqués dans la gestion de crise. Nous explorons les possibilités des prouveurs SAT comme un moyen de générer efficacement ces plans qui peuvent être utilisés par une cellule de crise pour coordonner au mieux les acteurs sur le terrain. Cet article précise notre problématique, les contributions attendues, ainsi qu’une première modélisation SAT.

In this contribution, we will focus on the linguistic and discursive manifestations of different forms of urbanity and "neo urbanity" present in the Algerian literature from the point of view of historical sociolinguistics interlinked with discourse analysis. It is a question of recording the references to these socio-cultural memberships through a listing of the denominations, the adjectives, the attributes and the moral and physical characteristics of the self and of the other., Dans cette contribution, nous nous intéresserons, du point de vue de la sociolinguistique historique articulée avec l'analyse du discours et le contexte de production, aux manifestations linguistiques et discursives des différentes formes de citadinité et d'urbanité présentes dans la littérature d'expression algérienne. Il s'agit d'appréhender les références à ces appartenances socioculturelles par un relevé des désignations, des adjectifs, des attributs, et des caractéristiques physiques et morales de soi et de l'autre.

In this paper, we analyze the impact of various parameters on the performances of the n-type monocrystalline silicon solar cell experimented by Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) in Germany. We studied, especially the influence of the base parameters (lifetime, resistivity and thickness), the emitter sheet resistance and the back surface field (BSF) sheet resistance, on the solar cell performances. To optimize this cell we have used PC2D which is a solar cell device simulator that models two-dimensional effects entirely within a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. With an Al 2 O 3 /SiN x front side boron emitter passivation, the metallization parameters were optimized by the authors getting efficiency of 19.60%. If all the parameters have ideal values our optimization provided an efficiency of 20.05% for homogeneous emitter with sheet resistance of 75 Ω/□. Furthermore, the study of the emitter led to a new structure developed recently: the selective emitter of n-type solar cell achieving efficiency of 20.20% with sheet resistance of 50 Ω/□ under the contacts and 100 Ω/□, between contacts.