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1,273 results on '"Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)"'

1. Euclid: performance on main cosmological parameter science

Author: Tutusaus, I. (Isaac), Sorce, J.G. (Jenny G.), Troja, A. (Antonino), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departement de Physique Théorique [Genève], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP], Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 [CRIStAL], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale [IAS], Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam [AIP], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova [INFN, Sezione di Padova], and Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua [Unipd]
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Euclid will observe 15 000 deg$^2$ of the darkest sky, in regions free of contamination by light from our Galaxy and our Solar System. Three "Euclid Deep Fields" surveys covering around 40 deg$^2$ in total will extend the scientific scope of the mission to the high-redshift Universe. The complete survey will be constituted by hundreds of thousands of images and several tens of petabytes of data. About 10 billion sources will be observed. With these images Euclid will probe the expansion history of the Universe and the evolution of cosmic structures. This will be achieved by measuring the effect on galaxy shapes due to dark matter gravitational lensing, and by reconstructing the three-dimensional distribution of cosmic structures from the measured spectroscopic redshifts of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. These proceedings present the implications for cosmology and cosmological constraints of this unprecedented data set. Of particular interest are the expected constraints on the nature of dark energy., 6 pages, contribution to the ICHEP 2022 conference proceedings, accompanying the "Euclid in a nutshell" and "Euclid legacy science prospects" contributions
Published: 2022

2. Peripheral Amino Acid Appearance Is Lower Following Plant Protein Fibre Products, Compared to Whey Protein and Fibre Ingestion, in Healthy Older Adults despite Optimised Amino Acid Profile

Author: Elena de Marco Castro, Giacomo Valli, Caroline Buffière, Christelle Guillet, Brian Mullen, Jedd Pratt, Katy Horner, Susanne Naumann-Gola, Stephanie Bader-Mittermaier, Matteo Paganini, Giuseppe De Vito, Helen M. Roche, Dominique Dardevet, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Department of Biomedical Sciences [Padova, Italy] (Neuroscience Institute), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Italian National Research Council [Padova, Italy], and Publica
Subjects: Male, Sarcopenia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], aminoacidemia, digestibility, fibre, plant protein, sarcopenia, Plant protein, Fibre, Eating, Leucine, Aminoacidemia, Animals, Humans, Insulin, Single-Blind Method, Amino Acids, Plant Proteins, Aged, Nutrition and Dietetics, Postprandial Period, Whey Proteins, Digestibility, Female, Dietary Proteins, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; Plant-based proteins are generally characterised by lower Indispensable Amino Acid (IAA) content, digestibility, and anabolic properties, compared to animal-based proteins. However, they are environmentally friendlier, and wider consumption is advocated. Older adults have higher dietary protein needs to prevent sarcopenia, a disease marked by an accelerated loss of muscle mass and function. Given the lower environmental footprint of plant-based proteins and the importance of optimising dietary protein quality among older adults, this paper aims to assess the net peripheral Amino Acid (AA) appearance after ingestion of three different plant protein and fibre (PPF) products, compared to whey protein with added fibre (WPF), in healthy older adults. In a randomised, single-blind, crossover design, nine healthy men and women aged ≥65 years consumed four test meals balanced in AA according to the FAO reference protein for humans, matched for leucine, to optimally stimulate muscle protein synthesis in older adults. A fasted blood sample was drawn at each visit before consuming the test meal, followed by postprandial arterialise blood sampling every 30 min for 3 h. The test meal was composed of a soup containing either WPF or PPF 1–3. The PPF blends comprised pea proteins with varying additional rice, pumpkin, soy, oat, and/or almond protein. PPF product ingestion resulted in a lower maximal increase of postprandial leucine concentration and the sum of branched-chain AA (BCAA) and IAA concentrations, compared to WPF, with no effect on their incremental area under the curve. Plasma methionine and cysteine, and to a lesser extent threonine, appearance were limited after consuming the PPF products, but not WPF. Despite equal leucine doses, the WPF induced greater postprandial insulin concentrations than the PPF products. In conclusion, the postprandial appearance of AA is highly dependent on the protein source in older adults, despite providing equivalent IAA levels and dietary fibre. Coupled with lower insulin concentrations, this could imply less anabolic potential. Further investigation is required to understand the applicability of plant-based proteins in healthy older adults.
Published: 2022

3. Euclid in a nutshell

Author: Troja, Antonino, Tutusaus, Isaac, Sorce, Jenny G., Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova [INFN, Sezione di Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua [Unipd], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP], Departement de Physique Théorique [Genève], Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 [CRIStAL], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale [IAS], Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam [AIP], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), and Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Euclid is a European Space Agency (ESA) mission designed to constrain the properties of dark energy and gravity via weak gravitational lensing and galaxy clustering. It will carry out a wide area imaging and spectroscopy survey in visible and near-infrared bands, covering approximately 15 000 deg2 of the extragalactic sky in six years. Euclid will be equipped with a 1.2 m diameter Silicon Carbide (SiC) mirror telescope feeding two instruments built by the Euclid Consortium: a high-quality panoramic visible imager and a near-infrared photometer and spectrograph. These proceedings briefly describe the satellite and its instruments, which are optimised for pristine point spread function and reduced stray light, producing very crisp images. Furthermore, we summarise the survey strategy, the global scheduling, and the preparations for the satellite commissioning and the Science Data Centers to produce scientific data., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the ICHEP 2022 conference proceedings, accompanying the "Euclid: performance on main cosmological parameter science" and "Euclid legacy science prospects" contributions
Published: 2022

4. Euclid legacy science prospects

Author: Sorce, Jenny G., Troja, Antonino, Tutusaus, Isaac, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 [CRIStAL], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale [IAS], Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam [AIP], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova [INFN, Sezione di Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua [Unipd], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP], Departement de Physique Théorique [Genève], Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: With the immense number of images, data, and sources that Euclid will deliver, the consortium will be in a unique position to create/provide/construct legacy catalogues. The latter will have exquisite imaging quality and good near-infrared spectroscopy, with impact on many areas of galaxy science. These proceedings review the prospects and scientific output that Euclid will be able to achieve in areas of galaxy and active galactic nucleus (AGN) evolution, the local and primeval Universe, studies of the Milky Way and stellar populations, supernovae (SN) and transients, Solar System objects, exoplanets, strong lensing and galaxy clusters., Comment: 6 pages, contribution to the ICHEP2022 conference proceedings accompanying the ''Euclid in a nutshell'' and ''Euclid: performance on main cosmological parameter science'' contributions
Published: 2022
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5. Ernica consensus conference on the management of patients with long-gap esophageal atresia:perioperative, surgical, and long-term management

Author: Janne S. Suominen, Rene M. H. Wijnen, Paolo De Coppi, Graham Slater, Sabine Pirr, Piergiorgio Gamba, Pietro Bagolan, Stefaan H. A. J. Tytgat, Lars S. Rasmussen, Frédéric Gottrand, JoAnne Fruithof, Imeke Goldschmidt, Benno M. Ure, Joergen M. Thorup, Kate Cross, Anke Widenmann-Grolig, David C. van der Zee, Simon Eaton, Gunnar Aksnes, Wilhelm Zetterquist, Jan F. Svensson, Lucas Wessel, Carmen Dingemann, Rony Sfeir, CHU Lille, Inserm, Université de Lille, Hannover Medical School [Hannover] [MHH], University College of London [London] [UCL], Oslo University College [OUC], Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital [Rome, Italy], Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children [London] [GOSH], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua [Unipd], Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC) - U995, Odense University Hospital [OUH], Environnement Périnatal et Santé - EA 4489, University of Nottingham, UK [UON], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet [UCPH], University Medical Center [Utrecht], University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty, Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] [Erasmus MC], Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), University College of London [London] (UCL), Oslo University College (OUC), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children [London] (GOSH), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Odense University Hospital (OUH), Environnement périnatal et croissance - EA 4489 (EPS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), and Pediatric Surgery
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, consensus conference, COLONIC INTERPOSITION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MEDLINE, Aftercare, CHILDREN, Anastomosis, Pediatrics, Pyloroplasty, TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA, Perioperative Care, PEDIATRIC-SURGERY, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Pediatric surgery, medicine, follow-up, pediatric surgery, Humans, Esophageal Atresia, EUROPEAN REFERENCE NETWORKS, REPAIR, COMPLICATIONS, OUTCOMES, Science & Technology, business.industry, General surgery, Infant, Newborn, Consensus conference, Perioperative, Long gap esophageal atresia, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, REPLACEMENT, Treatment Outcome, Esophagoplasty, Atresia, Settore MED/20, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, long-gap esophageal atresia, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, management, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: Introduction Evidence supporting best practice for long-gap esophageal atresia is limited. The European Reference Network for Rare Inherited Congenital Anomalies (ERNICA) organized a consensus conference on the management of patients with long-gap esophageal atresia based on expert opinion referring to the latest literature aiming to provide clear and uniform statements in this respect. Materials and Methods Twenty-four ERNICA representatives from nine European countries participated. The conference was prepared by item generation, item prioritization by online survey, formulation of a final list containing items on perioperative, surgical, and long-term management, and literature review. The 2-day conference was held in Berlin in November 2019. Anonymous voting was conducted via an internet-based system using a 1 to 9 scale. Consensus was defined as ≥75% of those voting scoring 6 to 9. Results Ninety-seven items were generated. Complete consensus (100%) was achieved on 56 items (58%), e.g., avoidance of a cervical esophagostomy, promotion of sham feeding, details of delayed anastomosis, thoracoscopic pouch mobilization and placement of traction sutures as novel technique, replacement techniques, and follow-up. Consensus ≥75% was achieved on 90 items (93%), e.g., definition of long gap, routine pyloroplasty in gastric transposition, and avoidance of preoperative bougienage to enable delayed anastomosis. Nineteen items (20%), e.g., methods of gap measurement were discussed controversially (range 1–9). Conclusion This is the first consensus conference on the perioperative, surgical, and long-term management of patients with long-gap esophageal atresia. Substantial statements regarding esophageal reconstruction or replacement and follow-up were formulated which may contribute to improve patient care.
Published: 2020

6. Generation of cattle knockout for galactose‐α1,3‐galactose and N‐glycolylneuraminic acid antigens

Author: Perota, Andrea, Lagutina, Irina, Duchi, Roberto, Zanfrini, Elisa, Lazzari, Giovanna, Judor, Jean Paul, Conchon, Sophie, Bach, Jean Marie, Bottio, Tomaso, Gerosa, Gino, Costa Farré, Cristina, Galiñanes, Manuel, Roussel, Jean Christian, Padler-Karavani, Vered, Cozzi, Emanuele, Soulillou, Jean Paul, Galli, Cesare, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Avantea Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies [Cremona, Italy], Fondazione Avantea [Cremona, Italy], Institut de transplantation urologie-néphrologie (ITUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Immunoregulation And Immunointervention in Transplantation and Autoimmunity (Team 4 - U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Immuno-Endocrinologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire [Nantes] (IECM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health [Padova, Italy] (Cardiac Surgery Unit), Padova University School of Medicine [Padova, Italy] -Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria - CORIS [Padova, Italy], Infectious Diseases and Transplantation Division [Barcelona, Spain], L’Hospitalet de Llobregat [Barcelona, Spain]-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL [Barcelona, Spain], Department of Cardiac Surgery & Reparative Therapy of the Heart [Barcelona, Spain], Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research [Barcelona, Spain]-Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron [Barcelona, Spain], Département de chirurgie thoracique et cardiovasculaire [CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Transplantation Immunology Unit [Padua, Italy] (Department of Transfusion Medicine), University of Padua–Ospedale Giustinianeo [Padua, Italy], Le Bihan, Sylvie, Defining the role of xeno-directed and autoimmune events in patients receiving animal-derived bioprosthetic heart valves - TRANSLINK - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2013-09-01 - 2017-08-31 - 603049 - VALID, Immuno-Endocrinologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IECM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria - CORIS [Padova, Italy], Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona]-Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and European Project: 603049,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,TRANSLINK(2013)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, knockout, Neu5Gc, 030230 surgery, Epitope, Mixed Function Oxygenases, law.invention, Animals, Genetically Modified, Gene Knockout Techniques, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Carn de boví, N-Glycolylneuraminic acid, law, xenotransplantation, Polymerase chain reaction, 2. Zero hunger, Sanger sequencing, Heart valves, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Immunogenicity, Galactosyltransferases, Vàlvules cardíaques, Heart Valve Prosthesis, symbols, bioprosthetic Heart Valve (BHV), Somatic cell nuclear transfer, Xenotransplantation, Female, Original Article, Beef, cattle, CMAH, GGTA1, αGal, Food Hypersensitivity, Knockout, Transplantation, Heterologous, Immunology, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Antigens, Heterophile, Cytidine Monophosphate, Animals, Humans, Gene, Bioprosthesis, Galactosyltransferase, Transplantation, Galactose, Original Articles, Fibroblasts, Bioprosthetic Heart Valve (BHV), Molecular biology, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Cattle, Neuraminic Acids, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Two well-characterized carbohydrate epitopes are absent in humans but present in other mammals. These are galactose-α1,3-galactose (αGal) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) which are introduced by the activities of two enzymes including α(1,3) galactosyltransferase (encoded by the GGTA1 gene) and CMP-Neu5Gc hydroxylase (encoded by the CMAH gene) that are inactive in humans but present in cattle. Hence, bovine-derived products are antigenic in humans who receive bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) or those that suffer from red meat syndrome. Using programmable nucleases, we disrupted (knockout, KO) GGTA1 and CMAH genes encoding for the enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of αGal and Neu5Gc, respectively, in both male and female bovine fibroblasts. The KO in clonally selected fibroblasts was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Selected fibroblasts colonies were used for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to produce cloned embryos that were implanted in surrogate recipient heifers. Fifty-three embryos were implanted in 33 recipients heifers; 3 pregnancies were carried to term and delivered 3 live calves. Primary cell cultures were established from the 3 calves and following molecular analyses confirmed the genetic deletions. FACS analysis showed the double-KO phenotype for both antigens confirming the mutated genotypes. Availability of such cattle double-KO model lacking both αGal and Neu5Gc offers a unique opportunity to study the functionality of BHV manufactured with tissues of potentially lower immunogenicity, as well as a possible new clinical approaches to help patients with red meat allergy syndrome due to the presence of these xenoantigens in the diet.
Published: 2019

7. 15. GaN-Based Lateral and Vertical Devices

Author: Meneghini, Matteo, Chowdhury, Srabanti, Derluyn, Joff, Medjdoub, Farid, Ji, Dong, Chun, Jaeyi, Kabouche, Riad, de Santi, Carlo, Zanoni, Enrico, Meneghesso, Gaudenzio, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Stanford University, EpiGaN, EpiGaN nv, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), WIde baNd gap materials and Devices - IEMN (WIND - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Massimo Rudan, Rossella Brunetti, Susanna Reggiani, Renatech Network, and CMNF
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]
Abstract: chapter 15; International audience; In the last decade, GaN has emerged as an excellent material for application in power electronics. The wide energy gap of gallium nitride (3.4 eV) enables high-temperature operation, while the large breakdown field (3.3 MV/cm, 11 times higher than silicon) allows to reach kV-range operation while maintaining a low on-resistance. Thanks to the high mobility of the two-dimensional electron gas at the AlGaN/GaN interface, lateral GaN transistors have a very low on-resistance; commercial products are already on the market, and new technologies are being developed, targeting the 650 V/900 V ranges. Recently, the attention toward vertical GaN transistors has constantly increased: a vertical layout allows to substantially increase current density while taking advantage of the wide bandgap and high breakdown field of GaN. Vertical transistors based on GaN are expected to find application in converters with medium high power levels (>5 to 10 kW), once the technology reaches maturity.This chapter reviews the main properties of GaN-based materials and devices. The first part focuses on the main challenges related to the growth of high-quality GaN epitaxial stacks. The second and the third parts focus on GaN lateral and vertical devices, respectively. Finally, the fourth section describes the trapping and degradation processes that limit the performance and the reliability of GaN transistors, and the related physical mechanisms. This chapter represents an ideal guide for a reader willing to enter the world of GaN devices.
Published: 2023

8. Tracing the invertebrate herpesviruses in the global sequence datasets

Author: Rosani, Umberto, Gaia, Morgan, Delmont, Tom, Krupovic, Mart, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Global Oceans Systems Ecology & Evolution - Tara Oceans (GOSEE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)-École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Université australe du Chili, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and UR was financially supported by the Italian PRIN 2017 project VIRIDE (2017EKFA98).
Subjects: herpesviruses, HK97-fold major capsid proteins, OsHV-1, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Herpesvirales, HaHV-1, Malacoherpesviridae, metagenomic
Abstract: The family of Malacoherpesviridae is currently represented by only two viruses infecting molluscs, Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and Haliotid herpesvirus 1 (HaHV-1), both causing detrimental infections in aquaculture species. Malacoherpesvirus-like sequences were also detected through genome sequencing projects in amphioxus (Branchiostoma species) and annelid worm (Capitella teleta), suggesting the existence of a hidden diversity of malacoherpesviruses in aquatic animals. Here, to extend the knowledge on malacoherpesvirus diversity, we searched for the presence of malacoherpesvirus relatives in genomic, transcriptomic and metagenomic datasets, including from the Tara Oceans expedition, and report 4 novel malacoherpesvirus-like genomes (MalacoHV1-4). Genomic analysis suggested gastropods and bivalves as the most probable hosts for these new malacoherpesviruses. Phylogenetic analysis based on the family B DNA polymerase placed the novel MalacoHV1 and MalacoHV3 as sister lineages of OsHV-1 and HaHV-1, respectively, whereas MalacoHV2 and MalacoHV4 showed higher divergence. The viral genome found associated with amphioxus together with MalacoHV4 formed a sister clade to the mollusc and annelid malacoherpesviruses, suggesting an early divergence of the two virus assemblages. In conclusion, although relatively rare in the available sequence databases, the previously undescribed malacoherpesviruses, MalacoHV1-4, circulate in aquatic ecosystems and should be considered as possible emerging viruses under changing environmental conditions.
Published: 2023

9. A three-dimensional modelling of the layered structure of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Hans Rickman, Matteo Massironi, J.-R. Kramm, Ivano Bertini, Stubbe F. Hviid, Francesco Marzari, P. J. Gutierrez, M. De Cecco, Emanuele Simioni, Ekkehard Kührt, L. M. Lara, Frank Scholten, Detlef Koschny, Cesare Barbieri, Maurizio Pajola, R. Rodrigo, V. Da Deppo, Jakob Deller, Frank Preusker, S. Fornasier, Monica Lazzarin, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, Giampiero Naletto, Francesca Ferri, Robert Gaskell, Jessica Agarwal, Wing-Huen Ip, J-C. Lee, Laurent Jorda, N. Thomas, M. A. Barucci, Björn Davidsson, Michael Küppers, Alice Lucchetti, M. F. A'Hearn, Clement Feller, Marc Hofmann, Cecilia Tubiana, Olivier Groussin, Stefano Debei, Gabriele Cremonese, Holger Sierks, Marco Fulle, Philippe Lamy, Sabrina Ferrari, J. J. Lopez Moreno, F. La Forgia, Nilda Oklay, Carsten Güttler, E. Frattin, Luca Penasa, J. L. Bertaux, H. U. Keller, Jörg Knollenberg, Xian Shi, Stefano Mottola, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Astronomia [Padova], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Earth Sciences [Chung-Li City], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Space Science Institute [Macau] (SSI), Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), European Space Agency (ESA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), and Universität Bern [Bern]
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geometry, Concentric, Classification of discontinuities, 01 natural sciences, Layered structure, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov, Gerasimenko, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Comets: general, Methods: data analysis, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, comets: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dimensional modeling, Ellipsoid, methods: data analysis, Lobe, medicine.anatomical_structure, Space and Planetary Science, Layering, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Free parameter
Abstract: International audience; We provide a three-dimensional model of the inner layered structure of comet 67P based on the hypothesis of an extended layering independently wrapping each lobe. A large set of terrace orientations was collected on the latest shape model and then used as a proxy for the local orientation of the surfaces of discontinuity which defines the layers. We modelled the terraces as a family of concentric ellipsoidal shells with fixed axis ratios, producing a model that is completely defined by just eight free parameters. Each lobe of 67P has been modelled independently, and the two sets of parameters have been estimated by means of non-linear optimization of the measured terrace orientations. The proposed model is able to predict the orientation of terraces, the elongation of cliffs, the linear traces observed in the Wosret and Hathor regions and the peculiar alignment of boulder-like features which has been observed in the Hapi region, which appears to be related to the inner layering of the big lobe. Our analysis allowed us to identify a plane of junction between the two lobes, further confirming the independent nature of the lobes. Our layering models differ from the best-fitting topographic ellipsoids of the surface, demonstrating that the terraces are aligned to an internal structure of discontinuities, which is unevenly exposed on the surface, suggesting a complex history of localized material removal from the nucleus.
Published: 2017

10. Regional surface morphology of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from Rosetta/OSIRIS images: The southern hemisphere (Corrigendum)

Author: Monica Lazzarin, Laurent Jorda, J. B. Vincent, Cesare Barbieri, N. Thomas, Lorenza Giacomini, Olivier Groussin, S. Fornasier, Simone Marchi, B. J. R. Davidsson, A. Gracia-Berná, Antoine Pommerol, G. Cremonese, A. T. Auger, Raphael Marschall, Detlef Koschny, Matteo Massironi, P. J. Gutierrez, Stubbe F. Hviid, Holger Sierks, Cecilia Tubiana, Michael Küppers, F. Scholten, R. Rodrigo, Maurizio Pajola, N. Oklay, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, Ivano Bertini, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Géza Kovács, Hans Rickman, M. A. Barucci, W-H. Ip, J.-R. Kramm, Marco Fulle, P. L. Lamy, M. De Cecco, V. Da Deppo, Sebastien Besse, F. Preusker, Carsten Güttler, Giampiero Naletto, Francesco Marzari, H. U. Keller, M. F. A'Hearn, J. L. Bertaux, J.-C. Lee, Dennis Bodewits, Jörg Knollenberg, E. Kuehrt, L. M. Lara, Stefano Debei, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Taoyuan City], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), ESA Scientific Support Office, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), Universität Bern [Bern], Universita degli Studi di Padova, European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, Comet, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, 0103 physical sciences, Rosetta, comets, OSIRIS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, biology, 520 Astronomy, Planetengeodäsie, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 500 Science, biology.organism_classification, 620 Engineering, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Osiris, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

11. Surface evolution of the Anhur region on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from high-resolution OSIRIS images

Author: R. Rodrigo, M. De Cecco, Stefano Debei, P. J. Gutierrez, Ivano Bertini, J. M. Sunshine, P. L. Lamy, Detlef Koschny, S. Fornasier, Xian Shi, Laurent Jorda, G. Cremonese, J. B. Vincent, Marco Fulle, Imre Tóth, Maurizio Pajola, M. L. Lara, J. L. Bertaux, Sabrina Ferrari, C. Güttler, V. Da Deppo, Dennis Bodewits, M. A. Barucci, W-H. Ip, Jakob Deller, Holger Sierks, Clement Feller, Stefano Mottola, Monica Lazzarin, Alice Lucchetti, Cecilia Tubiana, J. J. Lopez Moreno, B. J. R. Davidsson, Horst Uwe Keller, Giampiero Naletto, Francesco Marzari, Pedro Hasselmann, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Department of Physics [Auburn], Auburn University (AU), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Trento [Trento], Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Space Science Institute [Macau] (SSI), Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Space Agency, Swedish National Space Agency, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE31-0004,CLASSY,Composition des surfaces du Système Solaire de bas albédo(2017), ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, and DEU
Subjects: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Asteroiden und Kometen, photometry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet, observational [methods], Data analysis, Narrow angle, High resolution, Individual, rosetta mission, Equinox, Photometric, imaging spectroscopy, Fault scarp, 01 natural sciences, photometric [techniques], techniques: photometric, individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets], 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], Methods, comets, Observational, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], biology, comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, imaging spectroscopy [techniques], biology.organism_classification, methods: data analysis, Techniques, techniques: imaging spectroscopy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Radiance, Comets, Imaging spectroscopy, methods: observational, Osiris, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Geology
Abstract: Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., The southern hemisphere of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) became observable by the Rosetta mission in March 2015, a few months before cometary southern vernal equinox. The Anhur region in the southern part of the comet's larger lobe was found to be highly eroded, enriched in volatiles, and highly active. Aims. We analyze high-resolution images of the Anhur region pre- and post-perihelion acquired by the OSIRIS imaging system on board the Rosetta mission. The Narrow Angle Camera is particularly useful for studying the evolution in Anhur in terms of morphological changes and color variations. Methods. Radiance factor images processed by the OSIRIS pipeline were coregistered, reprojected onto the 3D shape model of the comet, and corrected for the illumination conditions. Results. We find a number of morphological changes in the Anhur region that are related to formation of new scarps; removal of dust coatings; localized resurfacing in some areas, including boulders displacements; and vanishing structures, which implies localized mass loss that we estimate to be higher than 50 million kg. The strongest changes took place in and nearby the Anhur canyon-like structure, where significant dust cover was removed, an entire structure vanished, and many boulders were rearranged. All such changes are potentially associated with one of the most intense outbursts registered by Rosetta during its observations, which occurred one day before perihelion passage. Moreover, in the niche at the foot of a new observed scarp, we also see evidence of water ice exposure that persisted for at least six months. The abundance of water ice, evaluated from a linear mixing model, is relatively high (>20%). Our results confirm that the Anhur region is volatile-rich and probably is the area on 67P with the most pristine exposures near perihelion.© S. Fornasier et al. 2019, OSIRIS was built by a consortium led by the Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung, Goettingen, Germany, in collaboration with CISAS, University of Padova, Italy, the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, France, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, CSIC, Granada, Spain, the Scientific Support Office of the European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, the Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain, the Universidad Politechnica de Madrid, Spain, the Department of Physics and Astronomy of Uppsala University, Sweden, and the Institut fur Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze der Technischen Universitat Braunschweig, Germany. The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged. We thank the Rosetta Science Ground Segment at ESAC, the Rosetta Mission Operations Centre at ESOC and the Rosetta Project at ESTEC for their outstanding work enabling the science return of the Rosetta Mission. SF acknowledges the financial support from the France Agence Nationale de la Recherche (programme Classy, ANR-17-CE31-0004). The authors thank Dr. E. Howell for her comments and suggestions which helped us to improve this article.
Published: 2019

12. Effect of Chemical Composition on Molecular Mobility and Phase Coupling in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) with Different Comonomer Contents

Author: Fosse, Clément, Esposito, Antonella, Lemechko, Pierre, Salim, Yoga Sugama, Causin, Valerio, Gaucher, Valérie, Bruzaud, Stéphane, Sudesh, Kumar, Delbreilh, Laurent, Dargent, Eric, Groupe de physique des matériaux (GPM), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Environmental Engineering, Polymers and Plastics, Materials Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Abstract: International audience; Two series of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV) and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) with different amounts of hydroxyvalerate (HV) and hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) units are compared. The influence of chemical composition on the molecular mobility in quenched samples is discussed, as well as the consequences on the aptitude to crystallize and the microstructures developed during cold-crystallization. In both quenched PHBHV and PHBHHx, Tg decreases as the content of comonomer unit increases. The HHx units (propyl side-groups) are better molecular spacers and produce a stronger Tg shift as compared to the HV units (ethyl side-groups). Copolymerization has no striking effect on the width of the glass transition and the cooperativity length in quenched samples, but in cold-crystallized samples the glass transition is dramatically broadened. When the fully amorphous copolymers are heated from the glassy state to room temperature, crystallization occurs but is largely disrupted, suggesting that the molecular environment in the amorphous phase is significantly changed. The HHx units, which are excluded from the host crystals, delay and slow down the crystallization kinetics in a stronger way as compared to the HV units, which can partially co-crystallize. The obtained crystalline phases are prone to reorganization and the residual amorphous phases appear to have strong differences in composition and large density fluctuations. A practical consequence is that microstructures with different coupling between phases, and thus different properties and stability over time, can be obtained by controlling the nature and content of the comonomer units.
Published: 2023

13. Post-translational regulation of photosynthetic activity via the TOR kinase in plants

Author: Stefano D’Alessandro, Florent Velay, Régine Lebrun, Marwa Mehrez, Shanna Romand, Rim Saadouni, Céline Forzani, Sylvie Citerne, Marie-Hélène Montané, Christophe Robaglia, Benoît Menand, Christian Meyer, Ben Field, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille (ex-IBEB) (BIAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Biologie végétale et microbiologie environnementale - UMR7265 (BVME), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Luminy Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes (LGBP), Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée (IMM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Tunis El Manar, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-17-CE13-0005,G4PLAST,Mecanismes d'acclimation aux stress par la voie conservée de signalisation du (p)ppGpp dans le chloroplaste.(2017), and ANR-22-CE20-0033,TARGET_G4P,Identification des cibles et de la régulation de la voie ppGpp chez les plantes.(2022)
Subjects: ppGpp, chloroplast, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, TOR, Photosynthesis
Abstract: Chloroplasts are the powerhouse of the plant cell, yet they are resource-intensive and will cause photooxidative damage if their activity overshoots the demands of growth. The adjustment of chloroplast activity to match growth is therefore vital for stress acclimation. Here we identify a novel post-translational mechanism linking the conserved eukaryotic TOR kinase that promotes growth and the guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) signaling pathway of prokaryotic origin that regulates chloroplast activity, and photosynthesis in particular. We show that RelA SpoT Homologue 3 (RSH3), a nuclear-encoded chloroplastic enzyme responsible for ppGpp biosynthesis, interacts directly with the TOR complex via a plant-specific N-terminal region (NTR) which is hyper-phosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner. Downregulation of TOR activity reduces NTR phosphorylation, enhances ppGpp synthesis by RSH3, and causes a ppGpp-dependent decrease in photosynthetic capacity. Altogether we demonstrate that the TOR-RSH3 signaling axis is a novel and direct post-translational mechanism that allows chloroplast activity to be matched with plant growth, setting a new precedent for the regulation of organellar function by TOR.One sentence summaryThe TOR kinase post-translationally controls guanosine tetraphosphate signaling to regulate plant photosynthetic activity.
Published: 2023

14. Coordinated Multi-Robot Trajectory Tracking Control over Sampled Communication ⋆

Author: Rossi, Enrica, Tognon, Marco, Ballotta, Luca, Carli, Ruggero, Cortés, Juan, Franchi, Antonio, Schenato, Luca, Mas Automazioni S.r.l., Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Équipe Robotique et InteractionS (LAAS-RIS), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ANR-17-CE33-0007,MUROPHEN,Controle de systèmes multi-robots pour l'observation de phenomenes dynamiques(2017), and European Project: 871479,H2020 AERIAL-CORE
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, J.2, Control over sampled communications distributed control multi-robot systems trajectory tracking UAVs, multi-robot systems, 70B15, 70E60, 70Q05, 93C85, 93A16, I.2.8, I.2.9, Systems and Control (eess.SY), UAVs, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Control over sampled communications, Computer Science - Robotics, Distributed control, Multi-robot systems, Trajectory tracking, distributed control, Control and Systems Engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, trajectory tracking, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Computer Science - Multiagent Systems, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Robotics (cs.RO), Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
Abstract: In this paper, we propose an inverse-kinematics controller for a class of multi-robot systems in the scenario of sampled communication. The goal is to make a group of robots perform trajectory tracking in a coordinated way when the sampling time of communications is much larger than the sampling time of low-level controllers, disrupting theoretical convergence guarantees of standard control design in continuous time. Given a desired trajectory in configuration space which is precomputed offline, the proposed controller receives configuration measurements, possibly via wireless, to re-compute velocity references for the robots, which are tracked by a low-level controller. We propose joint design of a sampled proportional feedback plus a novel continuous-time feedforward that linearizes the dynamics around the reference trajectory: this method is amenable to distributed communication implementation where only one broadcast transmission is needed per sample. Also, we provide closed-form expressions for instability and stability regions and convergence rate in terms of proportional gain $k$ and sampling period $T$. We test the proposed control strategy via numerical simulations in the scenario of cooperative aerial manipulation of a cable-suspended load using a realistic simulator (Fly-Crane). Finally, we compare our proposed controller with centralized approaches that adapt the feedback gain online through smart heuristics, and show that it achieves comparable performance., Comment: 23 pages (main article: 14 pages; appendix: 9 pages), 18 figures; accepted for publication on Automatica; final accepted version
Published: 2023

15. Global stability of multi-group SAIRS epidemic models

Author: Stefania Ottaviano, Mattia Sensi, Sara Sottile, Dipartimento di Matematica [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Mathématiques pour les Neurosciences (MATHNEURO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and University of Trento [Trento]
Subjects: General Mathematics, General Engineering, FOS: Mathematics, Quantitative Biology::Populations and Evolution, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 34A34, 34D20, 34D23, 37N25, 92D30
Abstract: We study a multi-group SAIRS-type epidemic model with vaccination. The role of asymptomatic and symptomatic infectious individuals is explicitly considered in the transmission pattern of the disease among the groups in which the population is divided. This is a natural extension of the homogeneous mixing SAIRS model with vaccination studied in Ottaviano et. al (2021) to a network of communities. We provide a global stability analysis for the model. We determine the value of the basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_0$ and prove that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if $\mathcal{R}_0 < 1$. In the case of the SAIRS model without vaccination, we prove the global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium also when $\mathcal{R}_0=1$. Moreover, if $\mathcal{R}_0 > 1$, the disease-free equilibrium is unstable and a unique endemic equilibrium exists. First, we investigate the local asymptotic stability of the endemic equilibrium and subsequently its global stability, for two variations of the original model. Last, we provide numerical simulations to compare the epidemic spreading on different networks topologies., 36 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2023

16. The southern hemisphere of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: Analysis of the preperihelion size-frequency distribution of boulders ≥7 m

Author: Michael F. A'Hearn, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, Holger Sierks, Maurizio Pajola, Nilda Oklay, Luisa Lara, Hans Rickman, Ivano Bertini, Cesare Barbieri, Jakob Deller, Zhong-Yi Lin, Frank Scholten, Giampiero Naletto, Frank Preusker, Jessica Agarwal, Detlef Koschny, N. Thomas, Ekkehard Kührt, S. Höfner, Stefano Mottola, Michael Küppers, Maria Antonietta Barucci, Carsten Güttler, Matteo Massironi, Francesco Marzari, Jörg Knollenberg, Jose J. Lopez Moreno, Stubbe F. Hviid, H. U. Keller, Björn Davidsson, A. Gicquel, Rafael Rodrigo, Cecilia Tubiana, Gabriele Cremonese, Jean-Loup Bertaux, J. Rainer Kramm, Marco Fulle, Fiorangela La Forgia, Stefano Debei, Imre Toth, Monica Lazzarin, Sonia Fornasier, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, Mariolino De Cecco, Philippe Lamy, Jui Chi Lee, Harald Michalik, Steve Boudreault, Vania Da Deppo, Pedro J. Gutiérrez, Alice Lucchetti, Olivier Groussin, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, Marc Hofmann, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Trento [Trento], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] (IDA), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA
Subjects: Physics, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet, Northern Hemisphere, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Narrow angle, High resolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Comets: general, comets: general / comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko / methods: data analysis, Methods: data analysis, Space and Planetary Science, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Size frequency, Comets, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Aims: We calculate the size-frequency distribution of the boulders on the southern hemisphere of comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P), which was in shadow before the end of April 2015. We compare the new results with those derived from the northern hemisphere and equatorial regions of 67P, highlighting the possible physical processes that lead to these boulder size distributions. Methods: We used images acquired by the OSIRIS Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) on 2 May 2015 at a distance of 125 km from the nucleus. The scale of this dataset is 2.3 m/px; the high resolution of the images, coupled with the favorable observation phase angle of 62°, provided the possibility to unambiguously identify boulders ≥7 m on the surface of 67P and to manually extract them with the software ArcGIS. We derived the size-frequency distribution of the illuminated southern hemisphere. Results: We found a power-law index of -3.6 ± 0.2 for the boulders on the southern hemisphere with a diameter range of 7-35 m. The power-law index is equal to the one previously found on northern and equatorial regions of 67P, suggesting that similar boulder formation processes occur in both hemispheres. The power-law index is related to gravitational events triggered by sublimation and/or thermal fracturing causing regressive erosion. In addition, the presence of a larger number of boulders per km2 in the southern hemisphere, which is a factor of 3 higher with respect to the northern hemisphere, suggests that the southernmost terrains of 67P are affected by a stronger thermal fracturing and sublimating activity, hence possibly causing larger regressive erosion and gravitational events.
Published: 2016

17. Regional surface morphology of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from Rosetta/OSIRIS images: The southern hemisphere

Author: Ivano Bertini, M. De Cecco, M. F. A'Hearn, J.-C. Lee, Dennis Bodewits, Monica Lazzarin, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, N. Oklay, F. Preusker, Sebastien Besse, H. U. Keller, Marco Fulle, Stefano Debei, F. Marzari, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Björn Davidsson, Lorenza Giacomini, Holger Sierks, Cecilia Tubiana, Michael Küppers, M. A. Barucci, Sonia Fornasier, Jean-Loup Bertaux, F. Scholten, P. J. Gutiérrez, Ekkehard Kührt, L. M. Lara, Philippe Lamy, Olivier Groussin, J. B. Vincent, A. Gracia-Berná, J.-R. Kramm, Jörg Knollenberg, Géza Kovács, Nicolas Thomas, Antoine Pommerol, A. T. Auger, Matteo Massironi, Carsten Güttler, Stubbe F. Hviid, Giampiero Naletto, V. Da Deppo, Maurizio Pajola, Gabriele Cremonese, Simone Marchi, Raphael Marschall, Detlef Koschny, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, R. Rodrigo, Hans Rickman, Cesare Barbieri, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), ESA Scientific Support Office, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish National Space Board, European Space Agency, and German Centre for Air and Space Travel
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Morphology (linguistics), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, Comet, Terrain, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Comets: general, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Methods: observational, individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets], 0103 physical sciences, observational [Methods], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, comets, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, biology, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 520 Astronomy, Northern Hemisphere, general [Comets], biology.organism_classification, 620 Engineering, On board, comets: general / comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko / methods: observational, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Osiris, methods: observational
Abstract: Aims. The OSIRIS camera on board the Rosetta spacecraft has been acquiring images of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P)'s nucleus since August 2014. Starting in May 2015, the southern hemisphere gradually became illuminated and was imaged for the first time. Here we present the regional morphology of the southern hemisphere, which serves as a companion to an earlier paper that presented the regional morphology of the northern hemisphere. Methods. We used OSIRIS images that were acquired at orbits ~45-125 km from the center of the comet (corresponding to spatial resolutions of ~0.8 to 2.3 m/pixel) coupled with the use of digital terrain models to define the different regions on the surface, and identify structural boundaries accurately. Results. Seven regions have been defined in the southern hemisphere bringing the total number of defined regions on the surface of the nucleus to 26. These classifications are mainly based on morphological and/or topographic boundaries. The southern hemisphere shows a remarkable dichotomy with its northern counterpart mainly because of the absence of wide-scale smooth terrains, dust coatings and large unambiguous depressions. As a result, the southern hemisphere closely resembles previously identified consolidated regions. An assessment of the overall morphology of comet 67P suggests that the comet's two lobes show surface heterogeneities manifested in different physical/mechanical characteristics, possibly extending to local (i.e., within a single region) scales.© 2016 ESO., The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.
Published: 2016

18. CHANGES in the PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT of the INNER COMA of 67P/CHURYUMOV-GERASIMENKO with DECREASING HELIOCENTRIC DISTANCE

Author: Imre Tóth, E. Kuehrt, P. J. Gutierrez, Ivano Bertini, Detlef Koschny, F. La Forgia, J.-R. Kramm, Steve Boudreault, S. Fornasier, Nicolas Thomas, J. J. Lopez-Moreno, Giampiero Naletto, Cecilia Tubiana, Francesco Marzari, Hans Rickman, Carsten Guettler, Olivier Groussin, M. A. Barucci, L. M. Lara, Monica Lazzarin, R. Rodrigo, Michael F. A'Hearn, Cesare Barbieri, A. Giquel, Michael Kueppers, Jörg Knollenberg, Colin Snodgrass, Zhong-Yi Lin, Marco Fulle, Stefano Debei, N. Oklay, Stubbe F. Hviid, P. Lamy, B. J. R. Davidsson, Géza Kovács, V. DaDeppo, J. L. Bertaux, H. U. Keller, Holger Sierks, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, Dennis Bodewits, G. Cremonese, M. De Cecco, Xian Shi, J. B. Vincent, Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Gauss Professor Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), University of Trento [Trento], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), European Space Agency (ESA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Universität Bern [Bern], ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, atomic processes, comets: individual (67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko), molecular processes, plasmas, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, techniques: image processing, 530 Physics, Comet, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Coma (optics), Electron, Astrophysics, Spatial distribution, 01 natural sciences, comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov--Gerasimenko, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, comets, 10. No inequality, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Electron ionization, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 520 Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Plume, Space and Planetary Science, 13. Climate action, Excitation, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The Wide Angle Camera of the OSIRIS instrument on board the Rosetta spacecraft is equipped with several narrowband filters that are centered on the emission lines and bands of various fragment species. These are used to determine the evolution of the production and spatial distribution of the gas in the inner coma of comet 67P with time and heliocentric distance, here between 2.6 - 1.3 AU pre-perihelion. Our observations indicate that the emission observed in the OH, OI, CN, NH, and NH2 filters is mostly produced by dissociative electron impact excitation of different parent species. We conclude that CO2 rather than H2O is a significant source of the [OI] 630 nm emission. A strong plume-like feature observed in the in CN and [OI] filters is present throughout our observations. This plume is not present in OH emission and indicates a local enhancement of the CO2/H2O ratio by as much as a factor of 3. We observed a sudden decrease in intensity levels after March 2015, which we attribute to decreased electron temperatures in the first kilometers above the nucleus surface., 6 figures, 6 tables
Published: 2016

19. Aswan site on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: Morphology, boulder evolution, and spectrophotometry

Author: Ivano Bertini, Nilda Oklay, Holger Sierks, Pedro J. Gutiérrez, Stefano Debei, Maurizio Pajola, Cesare Barbieri, Francesco Marzari, Matteo Massironi, Stubbe F. Hviid, Harald Michalik, Gabriele Cremonese, Giampiero Naletto, Frank Scholten, Michael Küppers, Zhong-Yi Lin, Marco Fulle, Ekkehard Kürt, Jean-Loup Bertaux, Monica Lazzarin, Sonia Fornasier, Lorenza Giacomini, M. A. Barucci, Fiorangela La Forgia, Detlef Koschny, Nicolas Thomas, Sara Magrin, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, Jörg Knollenberg, Stefano Mottola, S. Höfner, Philippe Lamy, Frank Preusker, Rafael Rodrigo, Mariolino De Cecco, J. Rainer Kramm, Jose J. Lopez Moreno, H. U. Keller, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, Olivier Groussin, J.-C. Lee, Björn Davidsson, Hans Rickman, Cecilia Tubiana, Michael F. A'Hearn, Luisa Lara, Francesca Ferri, Vania Da Deppo, Jessica Agarwal, Carsten Güttler, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, University of Trento [Trento], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] (IDA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Agency, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Swedish National Space Agency, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), and German Centre for Air and Space Travel
Subjects: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lineament, Outcrop, 530 Physics, Comet, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Weathering, Terrain, Astrophysics, shape, 01 natural sciences, individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets], Comets: general, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Methods: data analysis, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Spectrophotometry, 0103 physical sciences, Comets, medicine, Cliff, data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, Geomorphology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, geography, 67P, geography.geographical_feature_category, medicine.diagnostic_test, cliff, 520 Astronomy, general [Comets], Astronomy, 620 Engineering, collapse
Abstract: [Aims] We provide a detailed morphological analysis of the Aswan site on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). We derive the size-frequency distribution of boulders ≥2 m and correlate this distribution with the gravitational slopes for the first time on a comet. We perform the spectral analysis of this region to understand if possible surface variegation is related to thedifferent surface textures observable on the different units., [Methods] We used two OSIRIS Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) image data sets acquired on September 19 and 22, 2014, with a scale of 0.5 m/px. Gravitational slopes derived from the 3D shape model of 67P were used to identify and interpret the different units of the site. By means of the high-resolution NAC data sets, boulders ≥2.0 m can be unambiguously identified and extracted using the software ArcGIS. Coregistered and photometrically corrected color cubes were used to perform the spectral analyses, and we retrieved the spectral properties of the Aswan units., [Results] The high-resolution morphological map of the Aswan site (0.68 km2) shows that this site is characterized by four different units: fine-particle deposits located on layered terrains, gravitational accumulation deposits, taluses, and the outcropping layered terrain. Multiple lineaments are identified on the Aswan cliff, such as fractures, exposed layered outcrops, niches, and terraces. Close to the terrace margin, several arched features observed in plan view suggest that the margin progressively retreats as a result of erosion. The size-frequency of boulders ≥2 m in the entire study area has a power-law index of −3.9 +0.2/−0.3 (1499 boulders ≥2 m/km2), suggesting that the Aswan site is mainly dominated by gravitational events triggered by sublimation and/or thermal insolation weathering causing regressive erosion. The boulder size-frequency distribution versus gravitational slopes indicates that when higher gravitational slope terrains are considered, only boulders ≤10 m are identified, as well as steeper power-slope indices. In addition, no boulders ≥2 m are observed on slopes ≥50°. This may indicate that larger blocks detached from a sublimating cliff cannot rest at these slopes and consequently fall down. The spectral analysis performed on the site shows that despite different morphologic units, no spectral differences appear in the multiple textures. This may confirm a redistribution of particles across the nucleus as a consequence of airfall, whether coming from Hapi or from the southern hemisphere when it is active during perihelion., The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), Italy (ASI), France (CNES), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.
Published: 2016

20. Transcriptomic and cellular decoding of functional brain connectivity changes reveal regional brain vulnerability to pro- and anti-inflammatory therapies

Author: Martins, D., Dipasquale, O., Davies, K., Cooper, E., Tibble, J., Veronese, M., Frigo, M., Williams, S.C.R., Turkheimer, F., Cercignani, M., Harrison, N.A., King‘s College London, University of Sussex, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals - NHS Trust (BSUH), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Computational Imaging of the Central Nervous System (ATHENA), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Cardiff University's Brain Research Imaging Centre [Cardiff] (CUBRIC), School of Psychology [Cardiff University], Cardiff University-Cardiff University, Cardiff University, DM, OD, MV, FET and SCRM are supported by the NIHR Maudsley’s Biomedical Research Centre at the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust. MF is funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Advanced Grant agreement No 694665: CoBCoM - Computational Brain Connectivity Mapping)., and European Project: 694665,H2020 ERC,ERC-2015-AdG,CoBCoM(2016)
Subjects: Inflammation, Depression, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Immunology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Brain, Interferon-alpha, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Transcriptomic vulnerability, global brain connectivity, Anti-TNF, Behavioral Neuroscience, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Humans, Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors, Imaging transcriptomics, Transcriptome, Interferon-α
Abstract: Background\ud Systemic inflammation induces acute changes in mood, motivation and cognition that closely resemble those observed in depressed individuals. However, the mechanistic pathways linking peripheral inflammation to depression-like psychopathology via intermediate effects on brain function remain incompletely understood.\ud \ud Methods\ud We combined data from 30 patients initiating interferon-α treatment for Hepatitis-C and 20 anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for inflammatory arthritis and used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate acute effects of each treatment on regional global brain connectivity (GBC). We leveraged transcriptomic data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas to uncover potential biological and cellular pathways underpinning regional vulnerability to GBC changes induced by each treatment.\ud \ud Results\ud Interferon-α and anti-TNF therapies both produced differential small-to-medium sized decreases in regional GBC. However, these were observed within distinct brain regions and the regional patterns of GBC changes induced by each treatment did not correlate suggesting independent underlying processes. Further, the spatial distribution of these differential GBC decreases could be captured by multivariate patterns of constitutive regional expression of genes respectively related to: i) neuroinflammation and glial cells; and ii) glutamatergic neurotransmission and neurons. The extent to which each participant expressed patterns of GBC changes aligning with these patterns of transcriptomic vulnerability also correlated with both acute treatment-induced changes in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and, for Interferon-α, longer-term treatment-associated changes in depressive symptoms.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud Together, we present two transcriptomic models separately linking regional vulnerability to the acute effects of interferon-α and anti-TNF treatments on brain function to glial neuroinflammation and glutamatergic neurotransmission. These findings generate hypotheses about two potential brain mechanisms through which bidirectional changes in peripheral inflammation may contribute to the development/resolution of psychopathology.
Published: 2022

21. With an AA intake identical to whey, a vegetable protein meal presents alterations in the arterial bioavailability of certain AAs in the elderly

Author: Dardevet, Dominique, Castro, Elena de Marco, Pratt, Jedd, Volkert, Dorothee, Mullen, Brian, Valli, Giacomo, Guillet, Christelle, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Département de Médecine (PADOVA - Médecine), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

22. An Agent-Based Model for Land-Use Change Adaptation Strategies in the Context of Climate Change and Land Subsidence in the Mekong Delta

Author: Quang Chi Truong, Alexis Drogoul, Benoit Gaudou, Patrick Taillandier, Nghi Quang Huynh, Thao Hong Nguyen, Philip Minderhoud, Ha Nguyen Thi Thu, Etienne Espagne, Can Tho University [Vietnam] (CTU), Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Thuyloi University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Systèmes Multi-Agents Coopératifs (IRIT-SMAC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Deltares [The Netherlands], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire d'Analyse des Sociétés, Transformations et Adaptations (LASTA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Agence française de développement (AFD), and Projet GEMMES Vietnam, AFD
Subjects: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Geography, Planning and Development, agent-based modeling, Building and Construction, adaptation, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, land-use change, Bodemgeografie en Landschap, land subsidence, climate change, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Soil Geography and Landscape, Life Science
Abstract: International audience; The Mekong Delta region has been seriously affected by climate change, with increasing temperatures, sea-level rise, and salinization strongly impacting agricultural activities of the region. Recent studies have shown that groundwater exploitation also contributes significantly to land subsidence throughout the delta. Thus, combating climate change now makes it necessary to design strategies and policies for adapting to and mitigating climate change and subsidence, not only at the individual level (mainly farmers), but also at the institutional level (province and region). This study aims to build an integrated model for the purpose of exploring the socioeconomic impact of adaptation strategies provinces choose under various climate and economic scenarios. The LUCAS-GEMMES model (an agent-based model for strategies for adapting to land-use change in the context of climate change) was developed in order to evaluate socioeconomic factors, climate, and water use by farmers, as well as the subsidence dynamics and macroeconomic trends in land-use selection strategies. The simulations are carried out according to four main scenarios: (i) lack of provincial adaptation strategies and absence of subsidence dynamics, (ii) lack of adaptation strategies though subsidence and the impact of land-use production benefits, (iii) purely individual adaptation strategies combined with the impact of subsidence, and (iv) provincial and individual-scale adaptation combined with the impact of subsidence. In all the scenarios that consider subsidence, our results show that early response decisions to even low-level subsidence lead to many positive outcomes in water resource management, such as a significant reduction in water-use in the dry season and a reduction in the area vulnerable to subsidence and climate change. However, the same results also indicate a possible decrease in farmers' income due to reduced agricultural seasons and restricted land-use transformation, which demonstrates the importance of modeling the multi-sectoral aspects of adaptation. Finally, at a more general level, in the fourth scenario, the model clearly shows the benefits when provinces located in the same agro-ecological zone harmonize strategies, thus paving the way for defining integrated land-use policies at the regional level.
Published: 2023
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23. A mean field model for the interactions between firms on the markets of their inputs

Author: Yves Achdou, Guillaume Carlier, Quentin Petit, Daniela Tonon, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Méthodes numériques pour le problème de Monge-Kantorovich et Applications en sciences sociales (MOKAPLAN), CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), All the authors were partially supported by the ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) through MFG project ANR-16-CE40-0015-01.Y.A. acknowledges partial support from the Chair Finance and Sustainable Development and the FiME Lab (Institut Europlace de Finance) . G.C. acknowledges the support of the Lagrange Mathematics and Computing Research Center., and ANR-16-CE40-0015,MFG,Jeux Champs Moyen(2016)
Subjects: Heterogeneous agents, Interactions betwen firms, Factors of production, Long term equilibria, State constraints, Statistics and Probability, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Finance, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: International audience; We consider an economy made of competing firms which are heterogeneous in their capital and use several inputs for producing goods. Their consumption policy is fixed rationally by maximizing a utility and their capital cannot fall below a given threshold (state constraint). We aim at modeling the interactions between firms on the markets of the different inputs on the long term. The stationary equlibria are described by a system of coupled non-linear differential equations: a Hamilton-Jacobi equation describing the optimal control problem of a single atomistic firm; a continuity equation describing the distribution of the individual state variable (the capital) in the population of firms; the equilibria on the markets of the production factors. We prove the existence of equilibria under suitable assumptions.
Published: 2023

24. Implementing clinical trial data sharing requires training a new generation of biomedical researchers

Author: Ulrich Mansmann, Clara Locher, Fabian Prasser, Tracey Weissgerber, Ulrich Sax, Martin Posch, Evelyne Decullier, Ioana A. Cristea, Thomas P. A. Debray, Leonhard Held, David Moher, John P. A. Ioannidis, Joseph S. Ross, Christian Ohmann, Florian Naudet, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Universiteit Utrecht, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Stanford University, Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), European Clinical Research Infrastructures Network [Dusseldorf] (ECRIN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Yale University
Subjects: Clinical trials, training, data sharing, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], open science, General Medicine, individual patient data, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract: International audience; Data sharing enhances the value of medical research and builds trust in clinical trials, but more biomedical researchers need to be trained in these approaches, which include meta-research, data science and ethical, legal and social issues.
Published: 2023

25. A relativistic discrete spacetime formulation of 3+1 QED

Author: Eon, Nathanaël, Di Molfetta, Giuseppe, Magnifico, Giuseppe, Arrighi, Pablo, Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Méthodes Formelles (LMF), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Quantum Computation Structures (QuaCS), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Méthodes Formelles (LMF), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), ANR-22-PETQ-0007,EPiQ,Etude de la pile quantique : Algorithmes, modèles de calcul et simulation pour l'informatique quantique(2022), and European Project: 817482,PASQuanS(2018)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL), High Energy Physics::Lattice, Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG), FOS: Physical sciences, Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Nonlinear Sciences - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases
Abstract: This work provides a relativistic, digital quantum simulation scheme for $3+1$ quantum electrodynamics (QED), based on a discrete spacetime formulation of theory. It takes the form of a quantum circuit, infinitely repeating across space and time, parameterized by the discretization step $\Delta_t=\Delta_x$. Strict causality is ensured as circuit wires coincide with the lightlike worldlines of QED; simulation time under decoherence is optimized. The construction replays the logic that leads to the QED Lagrangian. Namely, it starts from the Dirac quantum walk, well-known to converge towards free relativistic fermions. It then extends the quantum walk into a multi-particle sector quantum cellular automata in a way which respects the fermionic anti-commutation relations and the discrete gauge invariance symmetry. Both requirements can only be achieved at cost of introducing the gauge field. Lastly the gauge field is given its own electromagnetic dynamics, which can be formulated as a quantum walk at each plaquette., Comment: 35 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2023

26. Stability of the vortex in micromagnetics and related models

Author: Xavier Lamy, Elio Marconi, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and ANR-22-CE40-0006,SING,Singularités d'applications à valeurs vectorielles minimisant une énergie(2022)
Subjects: Mathematics (miscellaneous), Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], FOS: Mathematics, 49J45, 35F21, Theoretical Computer Science, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: International audience; We consider line-energy models of Ginzburg-Landau type in a two-dimensional simplyconnected bounded domain. Configurations of vanishing energy have been characterized by Jabin, Otto and Perthame: the domain must be a disk, and the configuration a vortex. We prove a quantitative version of this statement in the class of C 1,1 domains, improving on previous results by Lorent. In particular, the deviation of the domain from a disk is controlled by a power of the energy, and that power is optimal. The main tool is a Lagrangian representation introduced by the second author, which allows to decompose the energy along characteristic curves.
Published: 2023

27. Combining Hyperspectral, LiDAR, and Forestry Data to Characterize Riparian Forests along Age and Hydrological Gradients

Author: Julien Godfroy, Jérôme Lejot, Luca Demarchi, Simone Bizzi, Kristell Michel, Hervé Piégay, Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and ANR-17-EURE-0018,H2O'LYON,School of Integrated Watershed Sciences(2017)
Subjects: [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, fluvial remote sensing, riparian forest, channel incision, water stress, LiDAR, hyperspectral, hydrological connectivity, ain river, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
Abstract: International audience; Riparian forests are complex ecosystems shaped by their connectivity to a river system, which produces a mosaic of ages and species. Because of increasing anthropic pressure from factors such as damming or climate change, they are often endangered and suffer from a drop in groundwater accessibility and increased water stress. By combining hyperspectral, LiDAR, and forestry datasets along a 20 km corridor of the Ain River, this paper assesses the ability of remote sensing to characterize and monitor such environments. These datasets are used to investigate changes in site conditions and forest characteristics, such as height and canopy water content, along a gradient of ecosystem ages and for reaches under distinct geomorphic conditions (shifting, sediment-starved, incised). The data show that, over time, forest patches aggrade, and the forest grows and becomes more post-pioneer. However, forest patches that are located in the incised reach aggrade more and appear to be less developed in height, more stressed, and feature species compositions reflecting dryer conditions, in comparison with better-connected patches of the same age. Random forest analysis was applied to predict the indicators of forest connectivity with remotely sensed LIDAR and hyperspectral data, in order to identify the spatial trends at the reach scale and compare them with the geomorphic segmentation of the river. The random forest classifications achieved an accuracy between 80% and 90% and resulted in spatial trends that highlighted the differences in hydrological connectivity between differing geomorphic conditions. Overall, remote sensing appears to be a good tool for characterizing the impact of channel incisions and adjustments on riparian forest conditions by identifying the locations of dryer forest patches. In addition, good accuracy was achieved when attempting to classify these forest patches, even when using hyperspectral data alone, which suggests that satellite data could become a powerful tool for monitoring the health of riparian forests, in the context of increasing anthropic pressures.
Published: 2023

28. SigH stress response mediates killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by activating nitronaphthofuran prodrugs via induction of Mrx2 expression

Author: Laura Cioetto-Mazzabò, Francesca Boldrin, Claire Beauvineau, Martin Speth, Alberto Marina, Amine Namouchi, Greta Segafreddo, Mena Cimino, Sandrine Favre-Rochex, Seetha Balasingham, Beatriz Trastoy, Hélène Munier-Lehmann, Gareth Griffiths, Brigitte Gicquel, Marcelo E Guerin, Riccardo Manganelli, Noelia Alonso-Rodríguez, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Chimie et modélisation pour la biologie du cancer (CMBC), Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie et traitement des maladies du foie, Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, University of Oslo (UiO), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Génétique mycobactérienne - Mycobacterial genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Hospital Universitario Cruces = Cruces University Hospital, Département de Biologie structurale et Chimie - Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Chimie Biologique pour le Vivant / Chemistry for Life Sciences (CNRS - UMR3523 - Chem4Life), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control [Shenzhen, China] (ShenZhenCDC), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, European Seventh Framework Program Nanotherapeutics against Resistant Emerging Bacterial Pathogens [NAREB Project 604237], European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie [609020 to N.A.R., 844905 to B.T.], Norwegian Research Council [275873, 273319], MINECO/FEDER EU contracts [PID2019-105649RB-I00], Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation [SEV-2016-0644], Basque Government [KK-2019/00076], NIH [R01AI149297 to M.E.G.], Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) [853989 to R.M.]. Funding for open access charge: University of Oslo., European Project: 604237,EC:FP7:NMP,FP7-NMP-2013-LARGE-7,NAREB(2014), and European Project: 609020,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,SCIENTIA-FELLOWS(2014)
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Genetics, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract: The emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains highlights the need to discover anti-tuberculosis drugs with novel mechanisms of action. Here we discovered a mycobactericidal strategy based on the prodrug activation of selected chemical derivatives classified as nitronaphthofurans (nNFs) mediated by the coordinated action of the sigH and mrx2 genes. The transcription factor SigH is a key regulator of an extensive transcriptional network that responds to oxidative, nitrosative, and heat stresses in M. tuberculosis. The nNF action induced the SigH stress response which in turn induced the mrx2 overexpression. The nitroreductase Mrx2 was found to activate nNF prodrugs, killing replicating, non-replicating and intracellular forms of M. tuberculosis. Analysis of SigH DNA sequences obtained from spontaneous nNF-resistant M. tuberculosis mutants suggests disruption of SigH binding to the mrx2 promoter site and/or RNA polymerase core, likely promoting the observed loss of transcriptional control over Mrx2. Mutations found in mrx2 lead to structural defects in the thioredoxin fold of the Mrx2 protein, significantly impairing the activity of the Mrx2 enzyme against nNFs. Altogether, our work brings out the SigH/Mrx2 stress response pathway as a promising target for future drug discovery programs.
Published: 2023

29. The role of fire disturbances, human activities and climate change for long-term forest dynamics in upper-montane forests of the central Dinaric Alps

Author: Eleonora Cagliero, Laure Paradis, Niccolò Marchi, Zsuzsa Lisztes-Szabó, Mihály Braun, Katalin Hubay, Pierre Sabatier, Milić Čurović, Velibor Spalevic, Renzo Motta, Emanuele Lingua, Walter Finsinger, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Montenegro (UCG), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), University of Padova, grant number DOR1957359/19, and ISEM (University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE)
Subjects: Archeology, Global and Planetary Change, mountain forests, Ecology, Holocene, vegetation dynamics, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Paleontology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Montenegro, fire history, vegetation-fire interactions, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; We present the first high-resolution Holocene pollen, plant-macrofossil, and charcoal records from the upper-montane zone in the central Dinaric Alps. Drawing on these new records from well-dated lacustrine sediments of Zminje Jezero (ca. 1500 m a.s.l.; Montenegro) and on independent chironomid-inferred summer temperatures, we explore long-term ecosystem responses to variations in climate, fire disturbances and land use, as well as legacy effects of past environmental changes. A mixed spruce-fir forest established in the upper-montane zone around 9500 cal BP, and Fagus sylvatica became co-dominant with the two conifers after 5000 cal BP. Prehistoric land-use pressure was overall remarkably low, but increased since 2000 cal BP and was highest after the Middle Ages. We found a significant positive relationship between biomass burning and summer temperature, indicating that fires were mostly climate driven. Picea abies was insensitive to summer temperature, biomass burning and human impact, which supports the view that spruce forests may not be significantly impacted by fire. In contrast, Abies alba and other disturbance-sensitive trees ( Tilia, Ulmus, Fraxinus excelsior-type) show significant negative responses to land-use pressure and positive responses to summer temperature. This supports the notion that these species may be well-adapted to warmer-than present summer temperatures and that their populations declined in recent millennia due to land-use activities. Conversely, F. sylvatica was sensitive to summer temperatures but was promoted by low biomass burning, indicating that its expansion in the spruce-fir dominated forest was enhanced by the onset of cooler and possibly also moister climatic conditions as well as by fire disturbances.
Published: 2023

30. HiPEAC Vision 2023: High Performance Embedded Architecture And Compilation

Author: Duranton, Marc, Bosschere, Koen De, Coppens, Bart, Gamrat, Christian, Gray, Madeleine, Hoberg, Thomas, Munk, Harm, Robinson, Charles, Vardanega, Tullio, Zendra, Olivier, Département Systèmes et Circuits Intégrés Numériques (DSCIN), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Electronics and Information Systems - Ghent University (ELIS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Atos Worldline, Atos, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), THALES [France], Dipartimento di Matematica Pura e Applicata [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Diversity-centric Software Engineering (DiverSe), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and European Project: 871174,HiPEAC
Subjects: roadmapping, computing, [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: International audience; The focus of the HiPEAC Vision 2023 is that we are in races, both against time and with the rest of the world.Technology never stands still. The last few years have once again seen rapid, profound changes across the world, both from the technological point of view – with impressive advances in artificial intelligence – and from the geopolitical point of view, where technology is increasingly seen as a strategic asset.Different world regions are competing for leadership in several areas. Competition between the United States (US) and China in the technology and artificial intelligence (AI) domains is particularly fierce, and it is becoming more intense. This creates a threat to Europe, but at the same time an opportunity. The recent changeof ownership and leadership at Twitter is also a wake-up call for Europe. Many of the essential services the European society depends on run on platforms that are not controlled by Europe. This creates vulnerability in the event of conflict, comparable to European dependency on Russian energy. These are just the evolutions of the last year.Change is taking place so fast that it is also having an impact on the HiPEAC Vision: updating it every two years is no longer sufficient to keep up with the speed of the evolution of computing systems. Therefore, from now on, there will be a HiPEAC Vision every year. The speed of the evolution has also inspired the editorial board to present the challenges of our community as six leadership races: for the “next web”, for AI, for innovative hardware solutions, for cybersecurity, for digital sovereignty, and for sustainability solutions.Structurally, the HiPEAC Vision 2023 has two parts:- A set of recommendations for the HiPEAC community at large. - A set of articles written by experts and grouped into six chapters each describing one “global leadership race”.We encourage you to read the complete document, but to clearly understand the recommendations, the reader should read at least the following section “The drivers of the HiPEAC Vision 2023” and the “Key recommendations of the HiPEAC Vision 2023”.The HiPEAC Vision will be available on the HiPEAC website, with easy access to each article, and to the consolidated version. The consolidated version of the Vision will also be printed and distributed, as with previous editions
Published: 2023

31. A non-asymptotic theory for model selection in high-dimensional mixture of experts via joint rank and variable selection

Author: Nguyen, Trungtin, Nguyen, Dung Ngoc, Nguyen, Hien, Chamroukhi, Faicel, Modèles statistiques bayésiens et des valeurs extrêmes pour données structurées et de grande dimension (STATIFY), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), University of Queensland [Brisbane], and IRT SystemX
Subjects: Oracle inequality, Variable selection, Non-asymptotic theory, [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], High-dimensional statistics, Dimensionality reduction, Clustering, Regression, Low rank estimation, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [STAT]Statistics [stat], Mixture of regressions models, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Mixture of experts, Concentration inequality, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [STAT.CO]Statistics [stat]/Computation [stat.CO]
Abstract: Mixture of experts (MoE) models are among the most popular and interesting combination techniques, with great potential for improving the performance of machine learning and statistical learning systems. We are the first to consider a polynomial softmax-gated block-diagonal mixture of experts (PSGaBloME) model for the identification of potentially nonlinear regression relationships for complex and high-dimensional heterogeneous data, where the number of explanatory and response variables can be much larger than the sample size and possibly hidden graph-structured interactions exist. These PSGaBloME models are characterized by several hyperparameters, including the number of mixture components, the complexity of softmax gating networks and Gaussian mean experts, and the hidden block-diagonal structures of covariance matrices. We contribute a nonasymptotic theory for model selection of such complex hyperparameters with the help of the slope heuristic approach in a penalized maximum likelihood estimation (PMLE) framework. In particular, we establish a non-asymptotic risk bound on the PMLE, which takes the form of an oracle inequality, given lower bound assumptions on the penalty function. Furthermore, we propose two Lasso-MLE-rank procedures, based on a new generalized expectation-maximization algorithm, to tackle the estimation problem of the collection of PSGaBloME models.
Published: 2023

32. How do H2 oxidation molecular catalysts assemble onto carbon nanotube electrodes? A crosstalk between electrochemical and multi-physical characterization techniques†

Author: Sandrine Lyonnard, Laura Calvillo, Bertrand Reuillard, Laure Guétaz, Hanako Okuno, Vincent Artero, Gaetano Granozzi, Ahmed Ghedjatti, Nathan Coutard, Pascale Chenevier, Solar fuels, hydrogen and catalysis (SolHyCat), Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM - UMR 5249), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux par Microscopie Avancée (LEMMA ), Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux (MEM), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Département des Technologies des NanoMatériaux (DTNM), Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (LITEN), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synthèse, Structure et Propriétés de Matériaux Fonctionnels (STEP ), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: Materials science, Nanostructure, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Carbon nanotube, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Catalysis, law.invention, Coating, law, Monolayer, General Chemistry, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Small-angle neutron scattering, 0104 chemical sciences, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Chemistry, Transmission electron microscopy, engineering, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Molecular catalysts show powerful catalytic efficiency and unsurpassed selectivity in many reactions of interest. As their implementation in electrocatalytic devices requires their immobilization onto a conductive support, controlling the grafting chemistry and its impact on their distribution at the surface of this support within the catalytic layer is key to enhancing and stabilizing the current they produce. This study focuses on molecular bioinspired nickel catalysts for hydrogen oxidation, bound to carbon nanotubes, a conductive support with high specific area. We couple advanced analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), for direct imaging of the catalyst layer on individual nanotubes, and small angle neutron scattering (SANS), for indirect observation of structural features in a relevant aqueous medium. Low-dose TEM imaging shows a homogeneous, mobile coverage of catalysts, likely as a monolayer coating the nanotubes, while SANS unveils a regular nanostructure in the catalyst distribution on the surface with agglomerates that could be imaged by TEM upon aging. Together, electrochemistry, TEM and SANS analyses allowed drawing an unprecedented and intriguing picture with molecular catalysts evenly distributed at the nanoscale in two different populations required for optimal catalytic performance., How do efficient hydrogen-oxidation molecular electrocatalysts connect onto their carbon nanotube conductive support? A coupled neutron scattering SANS and STEM electron microscopy study to observe soft active matter organizing on 3D nanosurfaces.
Published: 2021

33. Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antiproliferative Activity of Gold(I) and Gold(III) Complexes Bearing Thioether‐Functionalized N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes

Author: Riccardo De Marco, Marco Dal Grande, Marco Baron, Laura Orian, Claudia Graiff, Thierry Achard, Stéphane Bellemin‐Laponnaz, Alexander Pöthig, Cristina Tubaro, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), and Bellemin-Laponnaz, Stéphane
Subjects: Inorganic Chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract: International audience; A series of gold(I) and gold(III) complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands functionalized with a pendant thioether group (NHC-SR) was synthesized with straightforward procedures and characterized in solution with NMR spectroscopy and ESI-MS spectrometry, as well as in the solid state by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Selected experimental aspects were rationalized through relativistic DFT calculations. The gold(I) and gold(III) complexes displayed moderate in vitro cytotoxicity towards breast cancer cells MCF7.
Published: 2021

34. Search for $^{22}$Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes

Author: Chloé Fougères, Francois de Oliveira Santos, Jordi Jose, Caterina Michelagnoli, Emmanuel Clément, Yung Hee Kim, Antoine Lemasson, Valdir Guimaraes, Diego Barrientos, Daniel Bemmerer, Giovanna Benzoni, Andrew Boston, Roman Bottger, Florent Boulay, Angela Bracco, Igor Celikovic, Bo Cederwall, Michal Ciemala, Clement Delafosse, Cesar Domingo-Pardo, Jeremie Dudouet, Jurgen Eberth, Zsolt Fulop, Vicente Gonzalez, Johan Goupil, Herbert Hess, Andrea Jungclaus, Ayse Kaşkaş, Amel Korichi, Silvia Lenzi, Silvia Leoni, Hongjie Li, Joa Ljungvall, Araceli Lopez-Martens, Roberto Menegazzo, Daniele Mengoni, Benedicte Million, Jaromir Mrazek, Daniel Napoli, Alahari Navin, Johan Nyberg, Zsolt Podolyak, Alberto Pullia, Begona Quintana, Damien Ralet, Nadine Redon, Peter Reiter, Kseniia Rezynkina, Frédéric Saillant, Marie-Delphine Salsac, Angel Sánchez-Benítez, Enrique Sanchis, Menekse Senyigit, Marco Siciliano, Nadezda Smirnova, Dorottya Sohler, mihai stanoiu, Christophe Theisen, Jose Javier Valiente-Dobon, Predrag Ujic, Madalena Zielinska, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Instituto de Fisica da Universidade de São Paulo (IFUSP), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), CERN [Genève], Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), University of Liverpool, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade (VINCA), Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Valencia, Universitat de València (UV), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Kernphysik der Universität zu Köln, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Institute for Nuclear Research [Budapest] (ATOMKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Physics Department, Ankara University, Ankara University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Universidad de Salamanca, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CEAFMC, University of Huelva, Laboratoire de Physique des Deux Infinis Bordeaux (LP2I - Bordeaux), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, IFIN-HH Bucharest, ANR-17-CE31-0026,OASIS,Optimisation d'Agata pour la physique(2017), and European Project: 212692,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2007-1,SPIRAL2PP(2007)
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics and Astronomy, astro-ph.SR, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), nucl-ex, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Experiment, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of $^{26}$Al and $^{22}$Na. While gamma rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, $^{22}$Na remains untraceable. The half-life of $^{22}$Na (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV gamma-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of the nuclear reactions involved in the production and destruction of this nucleus. The $^{22}$Na($p,\gamma$)$^{23}$Mg reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of $^{22}$Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in $^{23}$Mg. In the present work, a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles is proposed to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this novel method to the study of the $^{23}$Mg states, combining magnetic and highly-segmented tracking gamma-ray spectrometers, places strong limits on the amount of $^{22}$Na produced in novae, explains its non-observation to date in gamma rays (flux < 2.5x$10^{-4}$ ph/(cm$^2$s)), and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Published: 2022

35. Non-intrusive inspection of cargo containers using the C-BORD Rapidly Relocatable Tagged Neutron Inspection System

Author: F. Pino, C.L. Fontana, G. Nebbia, C. Carasco, B. Pérot, A. Sardet, J.P. Poli, A.G. Sebert, G. Sannié, A. Iovene, C. Tintori, P. Sibczynski, K. Grodzicki, L. Swiderski, M. Slegt, R. de Goede, S. Moretto, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Intelligence Artificielle et Apprentissage Automatique (LI3A), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), CAEN S.p.A., National Center for Nuclear Research [Warsaw] (NCBJ), National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Customs Administration of the Netherlands [Rotterdam], and European Project: 653323,H2020,H2020-BES-2014,C-BORD(2015)
Subjects: instrumentation, Artificial intelligence, Electronic architecture, neutrons, Inspection with neutrons, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Nuclear instrumentation, Detection of explosives, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], spectrometry, Detection of contraband and drugs, Online learning, Machine learning, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, fuzzy logic, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ionizing radiation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract: The European H2020 project, entitled “effective Container inspection at BORDer control points” (C-BORD), aims to develop a framework of Non-Intrusive Inspection (NII) technologies, for containers and large-volume freight at the EU borders. In this article the first results of the field trials of the Rapidly Relocatable Tagged Neutron Inspection System (RRTNIS) are reported. The tests were carried out at the customs administration of the Netherlands' (DCA) facility in the seaport of Rotterdam, the Netherlands. For the tests mock-up cargo containers were prepared. The containers were analyzed using the whole set of NII subsystems of the C-BORD framework. Each container underwent a session of subsequent scans with all the subsystems, in order to realistically reproduce the normal flow of inspections at the customs facility. The RRTNIS was tested under these realistic conditions, as well. The system was able to separate and identify the target materials, in mock-up containers, and improve the state-of-the-art in terms of the detected quantities.
Published: 2022

36. « Être potier à Pompéi » ou comment faire vivre l'expérimentation archéologique au grand public

Author: Mannocci, Émilie, Pawlowicz, Marie, Cavassa, Laetitia, Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and Ecole française de Rome (EFR)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Médiation, Tour de potier, Expérimentation archéologique, Antiquité
Abstract: Valoriser la recherche en archéologie par l’expérimentation : c’est le défi que nous avons relevé en créant un atelier de médiation basé sur les résultats des recherches menées sur deux ateliers de potier pompéiens. En utilisant comme clé de voute la reproduction d’un tour de potier, les participants sont placés dans la position d’un chercheur et peuvent appréhender les techniques de fouille récentes, la méthode d’interprétation des vestiges découverts et la vérification d’hypothèses par l’expérimentation. Par ce biais, ils ne sont plus de simples spectateurs à qui l’on demande de croire aveuglément des conclusions, mais ils deviennent des réels acteurs de la recherche.
Published: 2022
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37. Findings of the WMT 2022 Biomedical Translation Shared Task: Monolingual Clinical Case Reports

Author: Neves, M., Yepes, A. J., Siu, A., Roller, R., Thomas, P., Navarro, M. V., Yeganova, L., Wiemann, D., Di Nunzio, G. M., Vezzani, F., Gerardin, C., Bawden, R., Estrada, D. J., Lima-López, S., Farré-Maduell, E., Krallinger, M., Grozea, C., Névéol, A., German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University (RMIT University), Berliner Hochschule für Technik (BHT), Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz GmbH = German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Leica Biosystems, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Novartis Pharma AG, Università di studi di Padova - Dipartimento di studi linguistici e letterari (UP DISLL), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova = Hospital-University of Padua (AOUP), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Automatic Language Modelling and ANAlysis & Computational Humanities (ALMAnaCH), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems (Fraunhofer FOKUS), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Information, Langue Ecrite et Signée (ILES), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique (LISN), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sciences et Technologies des Langues (STL), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-19-P3IA-0001,PRAIRIE,PaRis Artificial Intelligence Research InstitutE(2019)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL]
Abstract: International audience; In the seventh edition of the WMT Biomedical Task, we addressed a total of seven language pairs, namely English/German, English/French, English/Spanish, English/Portuguese, English/Chinese, English/Russian, English/Italian. This year’s test sets covered three types of biomedical text genre. In addition to scientific abstracts and terminology items used in previ- ous editions, we released test sets of clinical cases. The evaluation of clinical cases translations were given special attention by involving clinicians in the preparation of reference translations and manual evaluation. For the main MEDLINE test sets, we received a total of 609 submissions from 37 teams. For the ClinSpEn sub-task, we had the participation of five teams.
Published: 2022

38. Face specific neural anticipatory activity in infants 4 and 9 months old

Author: Giovanni Mento, Gian Marco Duma, Eloisa Valenza, Teresa Farroni, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and The authors kindly thank Giada Parbuono and Chiara Sacchi for helping in collecting data. The present study was funded by the University of Padova (Supporting TAlent in ReSearch @ University of Padova-STARS Grants 2017 to GM). This work was carried out within the scope of the research program Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 970 (art. 1, commi 314-337 legge 232/2016), which was supported by 971 a grant from MIUR to the Department of General Psychology, 972 University of Padua.
Subjects: Adult, Brain Mapping, Multidisciplinary, Voice, Brain, Humans, Infant, Electroencephalography, Contingent Negative Variation, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Cues, Photic Stimulation
Abstract: The possibility of predicting the specific features of forthcoming environmental events is fundamental for our survival since it allows us to proactively regulate our behaviour, enhancing our chance of survival. This is particularly crucial for stimuli providing socially relevant information for communication and interaction, such as faces. While it has been consistently demonstrated that the human brain shows preferential and ontogenetically early face-evoked activity, it is unknown whether specialized neural routes are engaged by face-predictive activity early in life. In this study, we recorded high-density electrophysiological (ERP) activity in adults and 9- and 4-month-old infants undergoing an audio-visual paradigm purposely designed to predict the appearance of faces or objects starting from congruent auditory cues (i.e., human voice vs nonhuman sounds). Contingent negative variation or CNV was measured to investigate anticipatory activity as a reliable marker of stimulus expectancy even in the absence of explicit motor demand. The results suggest that CNV can also be reliably elicited in the youngest group of 4-month-old infants, providing further evidence that expectation-related anticipatory activity is an intrinsic, early property of the human cortex. Crucially, the findings also indicate that the predictive information provided by the cue (i.e., human voice vs nonhuman sounds) turns into the recruitment of different anticipatory neural dynamics for faces and objects.
Published: 2022

39. Unified synthetic Ricci curvature lower bounds for Riemannian and sub-Riemannian structures

Author: Barilari, Davide, Mondino, Andrea, Rizzi, Luca, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), University of Oxford, Institut Fourier (IF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), European Project: 945655,GEOSUB, Rizzi, Luca, and Geometric analysis of sub-Riemannian spaces through interpolation inequalities - GEOSUB - 945655 - INCOMING
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, Metric Geometry (math.MG), [MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Functional Analysis (math.FA), 53C17, 53C21, 49Q22, Mathematics - Functional Analysis, Differential Geometry (math.DG), Mathematics - Metric Geometry, [MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG], FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-MG] Mathematics [math]/Metric Geometry [math.MG], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], [MATH.MATH-DG] Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG], [MATH.MATH-MG]Mathematics [math]/Metric Geometry [math.MG]
Abstract: Recent advances in the theory of metric measures spaces on the one hand, and of sub-Riemannian ones on the other hand, suggest the possibility of a "great unification" of Riemannian and sub-Riemannian geometries in a comprehensive framework of synthetic Ricci curvature lower bounds. With the aim of achieving such a unification program, in this paper we initiate the study of gauge metric measure spaces., 148 pages
Published: 2022

40. On Lebesgue points of entropy solutions to the eikonal equation

Author: Xavier Lamy, Elio Marconi, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and ANR-22-CE40-0006,SING,Singularités d'applications à valeurs vectorielles minimisant une énergie(2022)
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, General Mathematics, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], 35L60, MSC: Primary 35F20, Secondary 35B65, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: We consider entropy solutions to the eikonal equation $|\nabla u|=1$ in two-space dimensions. These solutions are motivated by a class of variational problems and fail in general to have bounded variation. Nevertheless, they share several of their fine properties with BV functions: we show in particular that the set of non-Lebesgue points has at least one co-dimension.
Published: 2022

41. Towards EXtreme scale technologies and accelerators for euROhpc hw/Sw supercomputing applications for exascale: The TEXTAROSSA approach

Author: Giovanni Agosta, Marco Aldinucci, Carlos Alvarez, Roberto Ammendola, Yasir Arfat, Olivier Beaumont, Massimo Bernaschi, Andrea Biagioni, Tommaso Boccali, Berenger Bramas, Carlo Brandolese, Barbara Cantalupo, Mauro Carrozzo, Daniele Cattaneo, Alessandro Celestini, Massimo Celino, Iacopo Colonnelli, Paolo Cretaro, Pasqua D’Ambra, Marco Danelutto, Roberto Esposito, Lionel Eyraud-Dubois, Antonio Filgueras, William Fornaciari, Ottorino Frezza, Andrea Galimberti, Francesco Giacomini, Brice Goglin, Daniele Gregori, Abdou Guermouche, Francesco Iannone, Michal Kulczewski, Francesca Lo Cicero, Alessandro Lonardo, Alberto R. Martinelli, Michele Martinelli, Xavier Martorell, Giuseppe Massari, Simone Montangero, Gianluca Mittone, Raymond Namyst, Ariel Oleksiak, Paolo Palazzari, Pier Stanislao Paolucci, Federico Reghenzani, Cristian Rossi, Sergio Saponara, Francesco Simula, Federico Terraneo, Samuel Thibault, Massimo Torquati, Matteo Turisini, Piero Vicini, Miquel Vidal, Davide Zoni, Giuseppe Zummo, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), High-End Parallel Algorithms for Challenging Numerical Simulations (HiePACS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo 'Mauro Picone' (IAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 3 (INFN, Sezione di Roma 3), Compilation pour les Architectures MUlti-coeurS (CAMUS), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Topology-Aware System-Scale Data Management for High-Performance Computing (TADAAM), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Sezione di Roma 1] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), STatic Optimizations, Runtime Methods (STORM), European Project: 956831,TEXTAROSSA(2021), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Arquitectura de Computadors, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CAP - Grup de Computació d'Altes Prestacions
Subjects: thermal and power management, Computer Networks and Communications, Energia -- Consum, exascale computing, thermal and power management, euroHPC, euroHPC, Energy consumption, exascale computing, Artificial Intelligence, Hardware and Architecture, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], High performance computing, High-performance computing, Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Càlcul intensiu (Informàtica), Software
Abstract: In the near future, Exascale systems will need to bridge three technology gaps to achieve high performance while remaining under tight power constraints: energy efficiency and thermal control; extreme computation efficiency via HW acceleration and new arithmetic; methods and tools for seamless integration of reconfigurable accelerators in heterogeneous HPC multi-node platforms. TEXTAROSSA addresses these gaps through a co-design approach to heterogeneous HPC solutions, supported by the integration and extension of HW and SW IPs, programming models, and tools derived from European research. This work is supported by the TEXTAROSSA project (G.A. n. 956831), as part of the EuroHPC initiative. Peer Reviewed Article signat per 56 autors/es: Giovanni Agosta (a) , Marco Aldinucci (f) , Carlos Alvarez (h) , Roberto Ammendola (n) , Yasir Arfat (f) , Olivier Beaumont (g) , Massimo Bernaschi (c) , Andrea Biagioni (j) , Tommaso Boccali (l) , Berenger Bramas (g) , Carlo Brandolese (a) , Barbara Cantalupo (f) , Mauro Carrozzo (c) , Daniele Cattaneo (a) , Alessandro Celestini (c) , Massimo Celino (b) , Iacopo Colonnelli (f) , Paolo Cretaro (j) , Pasqua D’Ambra (d) , Marco Danelutto (e) , Roberto Esposito (f) , Lionel Eyraud-Dubois (g) , Antonio Filgueras (h) , William Fornaciari (a) , Ottorino Frezza (j) , Andrea Galimberti (a) , Francesco Giacomini (k) , Brice Goglin (g) , Daniele Gregori (o) , Abdou Guermouche (g) , Francesco Iannone (b) , Michal Kulczewski (i) , Francesca Lo Cicero (j) , Alessandro Lonardo (j) , Alberto R. Martinelli (f) , Michele Martinelli (j) , Xavier Martorell (h) , Giuseppe Massari (a) , Simone Montangero (m), Gianluca Mittone (f) , Raymond Namyst (g) , Ariel Oleksiak (i) , Paolo Palazzari (b) , Pier Stanislao Paolucci (j) , Federico Reghenzani (a)∗ , Cristian Rossi (j) , Sergio Saponara (e) , Francesco Simula (j) , Federico Terraneo (a) , Samuel Thibault (g) , Massimo Torquati (e) , Matteo Turisini (j) , Piero Vicini (j) , Miquel Vidal (h) , Davide Zoni (a) , Giuseppe Zummo (b) // (a) Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Italy; (b) ENEA, Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Italy; (c) Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo (IAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy; (d) Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo (IAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; (e) University of Pisa, Italy; (f) University of Torino, Italy; (g) Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique (Inria), France; (h) Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Spain; (i) Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center, Poland; (j) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Italy; (k) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, CNAF, Italy; (l) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, Italy; (m) University of Padova and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, Italy; (n) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy; (o) E4 Computer Engineering Spa, Italy
Published: 2022

42. Oxidative Stress in Structural Valve Deterioration: A Longitudinal Clinical Study

Author: Galiñanes, Manuel, Casós, Kelly, Blasco-Lucas, Arnau, Permanyer, Eduard, Máñez, Rafael, Le Tourneau, Thierry, Barquinero, Jordi, Schwartz, Simon, Bottio, Tomaso, Roussel, Jean Christian, Fellah-Hebia, Imen, Sénage, Thomas, Evangelista Masip, Arturo, Badano, Luigi P., Ruiz-Majoral, Alejandro, Galli, Cesare, Padler-Karavani, Vered, Soulillou, Jean-Paul, Vidal Guitart, Xavier, Cozzi, Emanuele, Costa, Cristina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Llobregat Hospital [Barcelona], Quironsalud Teknon Heart Institute [Barcelona, Spain] (QTHI), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), Bellvitge University Hospital [Barcelona, Spain], Centre d'investigation clinique (CIC) de Nantes -CIC Plurithématique (CIC 0004 - Nantes), Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova = Hospital-University of Padua (AOUP), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut du Thorax [Nantes], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Avantea [Cremona, Italy], Tel Aviv University (TAU), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie - Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (U1064 Inserm - CR2TI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Institut Català de la Salut [Barcelona, Spain] (ICS), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat [Barcelona, Spain], The project was funded by the European Commission (FP7/2007–2013, Grant Agreement 603049: accessed on 1 September 2013, and PERIS SLT002/16/00445 funded by the Department of Health of the Generalitat de Catalunya, both granted to C.C., and cofunded by FEDER funds, a way to build Europe. IDIBELL benefits from the support of CERCA., European Project: 603049,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,TRANSLINK(2013), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), KERANDEL-DION, Céline, Defining the role of xeno-directed and autoimmune events in patients receiving animal-derived bioprosthetic heart valves - TRANSLINK - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2013-09-01 - 2017-08-31 - 603049 - VALID, Galinanes, M, Casos, K, Blasco-Lucas, A, Permanyer, E, Manez, R, Le Tourneau, T, Barquinero, J, Schwartz, S, Roussel, T, Fellah-Hebia, I, Senage, T, Evangelista, A, Badano, L, Ruiz-Majoral, A, Galli, C, Padler-Karavani, V, Soulillou, J, Vidal, X, Cozzi, E, and Costa, C
Subjects: Estrès oxidatiu, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Structural valve deterioration, Lipid peroxidation, Prosthesis Design, Biochemistry, structural valve deterioration, aortic valve, biological heart valves, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, protein nitration, transcatheter aortic valve implantation, Humans, Aortic valve, Molecular Biology, Heart valve prosthesis, Heart valves, oxidative stre, Transcatheter aortic valve implantation, Pròtesis valvulars cardíaques, MED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLARE, Aortic Valve Stenosis, Vàlvules cardíaques, biological heart valve, Prosthesis Failure, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Treatment Outcome, Oxidative stress, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Biological heart valves, Protein nitration
Abstract: International audience; The cause of structural valve deterioration (SVD) is unclear. Therefore, we investigated oxidative stress markers in sera from patients with bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) and their association with SVD. Blood samples were taken from SVD (Phase A) and BHV patients during the first 24 (Phase B1) and >48 months (Phase B2) after BHV implantation to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitrotyrosine (NT). The results show that MDA levels increased significantly 1 month after surgery in all groups but were higher at 6 months only in incipient SVD patients. NT levels increased gradually for the first 24 months after implantation in the BHV group. Patients with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) showed even higher levels of stress markers. After >48 months, MDA and NT continued to increase in BHV patients with a further elevation after 60–72 months; however, these levels were significantly lower in the incipient and established SVD groups. In conclusion, oxidative stress may play a significant role in SVD, increasing early after BHV implantation, especially in TAVI cases, and also after 48 months’ follow-up, but decreasing when SVD develops. Oxidative stress potentially represents a target of therapeutic intervention and a biomarker of BHV dysfunction.
Published: 2022
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43. Abstract Interpretation-Based Feature Importance for SVMs

Author: Pal, Abhinandan, Ranzato, Francesco, Urban, Caterina, Zanella, Marco, Indian Institute of Information Technology Kalyani (IIIT Kalyani), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Département d'informatique - ENS Paris (DI-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Analyse Statique par Interprétation Abstraite (ANTIQUE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Francesco Ranzato has been partially funded by the Italian MIUR, under the PRIN2017 project no. 201784YSZ5 'AnalysiS of PRogram Analyses (ASPRA)', by Facebook Research, under a 'Probability and Programming Research Award', by an Amazon Research Award for 'AWS Automated Reasoning', and by a WhatsApp Research Award for 'Privacy aware program analysis'., IIIT Kalyani, University of Padova, Inria Paris, École Normale Supérieure, and Urban, Caterina
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract: We propose a symbolic representation for support vector machines (SVMs) by means of abstract interpretation, a well-known and successful technique for designing and implementing static program analyses. We leverage this abstraction in two ways: (1) to enhance the interpretability of SVMs by deriving a novel feature importance measure, called abstract feature importance (AFI), that does not depend in any way on a given dataset of the accuracy of the SVM and is very fast to compute, and (2) for verifying stability, notably individual fairness, of SVMs and producing concrete counterexamples when the verification fails. We implemented our approach and we empirically demonstrated its effectiveness on SVMs based on linear and non-linear (polynomial and radial basis function) kernels. Our experimental results show that, independently of the accuracy of the SVM, our AFI measure correlates much more strongly with the stability of the SVM to feature perturbations than feature importance measures widely available in machine learning software such as permutation feature importance. It thus gives better insight into the trustworthiness of SVMs.
Published: 2022

44. $L^1$ Transport Energy

Author: Enrico Facca, Federico Piazzon, Mario Putti, Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)
Subjects: Control and Optimization, Optimal Transport, Monge-Kantorovich equations, Transport density, Applied Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

45. Point interactions for 3D sub-Laplacians

Author: Riccardo Adami, Valentina Franceschi, Dario Prandi, Ugo Boscain, Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Control And GEometry (CaGE ), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Dipartimento di Matematica 'Tullio Levi-Civita', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The authors acknowledge that the present research is partially supported by: MIUR Grant Dipartimenti di Eccellenza (2018-2022) E11G18000350001, ANR-15-CE40-0018 projectSRGI - Sub-Riemannian Geometry and Interactions, ANR-17-CE40-0007 pojectQUACO - Contrôle quantique: systèmes d’EDPs et applications à l’IRM, G.N.A.M.P.A. projectProblemi isoperi-metrici in spazi Euclidei e non. The third author acknowledges the support received from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant No 794592., ANR-15-CE40-0018,SRGI,Géométrie sous-Riemannienne et Interactions(2015), Politecnico di Torino [Torino] (Polito), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (LMO), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, Pure mathematics, Structure (category theory), Heisenberg group, 01 natural sciences, 010104 statistics & probability, symbols.namesake, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Essential self-adjointness, Point interactions, Rotation of molecules, Sub-Laplacian, Sub-Riemannian geometry, Point (geometry), 0101 mathematics, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Applied Mathematics, Operator (physics), 010102 general mathematics, Mathematics::Spectral Theory, Riemannian manifold, 16. Peace & justice, Manifold, Differential Geometry (math.DG), symbols, Center of mass, Analysis, Schrödinger's cat, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: In this paper we show that, for a sub-Laplacian Δ on a 3-dimensional manifold M, no point interaction centered at a point q 0 ∈ M exists. When M is complete w.r.t. the associated sub-Riemannian structure, this means that Δ acting on C 0 ∞ ( M ∖ { q 0 } ) is essentially self-adjoint in L 2 ( M ) . A particular example is the standard sub-Laplacian on the Heisenberg group. This is in stark contrast with what happens in a Riemannian manifold N, whose associated Laplace-Beltrami operator acting on C 0 ∞ ( N ∖ { q 0 } ) is never essentially self-adjoint in L 2 ( N ) , if dim ⁡ N ≤ 3 . We then apply this result to the Schrodinger evolution of a thin molecule, i.e., with a vanishing moment of inertia, rotating around its center of mass.
Published: 2021

46. Caratheodory Solutions and their Associated Graphs in Opinion Dynamics with Topological Interactions ⋆

Author: Paolo Frasca, Francesco Rossi, Dynamics and Control of Networks (DANCE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GIPSA Pôle Automatique et Diagnostic (GIPSA-PAD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018)
Subjects: Discontinuous ODEs, Networked systems, Nonlinear systems, Social networks, Control and Systems Engineering, 91D30, 91C20, Stability of nonlinear systems, Networked systems MSC 2020 Classification: 34A36, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Cooperative systems
Abstract: International audience; Dynamical models of social influence may present discontinuous rules of interactions: discontinuities are unavoidable when interactions are of topological nature, i.e. when the dynamics is the outcome of interactions with a limited number of nearest neighbors. Here, we prove that classical solutions are not sufficient to describe the dynamics that is produced by such interactions, but one needs to use non-classical concepts of solutions instead. We first describe the time evolution of the interaction graph associated to Caratheodory solutions, whose properties depend on the dimension of the state space and on the number of considered neighbors. We then prove the existence of Caratheodory solutions for 2-nearest neighbors, via an algorithm defining an interaction graph.
Published: 2022

47. The Challenge of Reaching Undocumented Migrants with COVID-19 Vaccination

Author: Stephen A. Matlin, Alyna C. Smith, Jessica Merone, Michele LeVoy, Jalpa Shah, Frank Vanbiervliet, Stéphanie Vandentorren, Joanna Vearey, Luciano Saso, Imperial College London, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), and Admin, Oskar
Subjects: Transients and Migrants, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, COVID-19 Vaccines, COVID-19 vaccination, SARS-CoV-2, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Vaccination, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Undocumented migrants, Health Services Accessibility, Supply- and demand-side access barriers, [SDV.IMM.VAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Communicable Disease Control, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Equitable access, [SDV.IMM.VAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology, Pandemics
Abstract: International audience; Access to vaccination against a health threat such as that presented by the COVID-19 pandemic is an imperative driven, in principle, by at least three compelling factors: (1) the right to health of all people, irrespective of their status; (2) humanitarian need of undocumented migrants, as well as of others including documented migrants, refugees and displaced people who are sometimes vulnerable and living in precarious situations; and (3) the need to ensure heath security globally and nationally, which in the case of a global pandemic requires operating on the basis that, for vaccination strategies to succeed in fighting a pandemic, the highest possible levels of vaccine uptake are required. Yet some population segments have had limited access to mainstream health systems, both prior to as well as during the COVID-19 pandemic. People with irregular resident status are among those who face extremely high barriers in accessing both preventative and curative health care. This is due to a range of factors that drive exclusion, both on the supply side (e.g., systemic and practical restrictions in service delivery) and the demand side (e.g., in uptake, including due to fears that personal data would be transmitted to immigration authorities). Moreover, undocumented people have often been at increased risk of infection due to their role as "essential workers", including those experiencing higher exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus due to frontline occupations while lacking protective equipment. Often, they have also been largely left out of social protection measures granted by governments to their populations during successive lockdowns. This article reviews the factors that serve as supply-side and demand-side barriers to vaccination for undocumented migrants and considers what steps need to be taken to ensure that inclusive approaches operate in practice.
Published: 2022

48. Genomic evidence for global ocean plankton biogeography shaped by large-scale current systems

Author: Richter, Daniel J., Watteaux, Romain, Vannier, Thomas, Leconte, Jade, Frémont, Paul, Reygondeau, Gabriel, Maillet, Nicolas, Henry, Nicolas, Benoit, Gaëtan, da Silva, Ophélie, Delmont, Tom O., Fernández-Guerra, Antonio, Suweis, Samir, Narci, Romain, Berney, Cedric, Eveillard, Damien, Gavory, Frederick, Guidi, Lionel, Labadie, Karine, Mahieu, Eric, Poulain, Julie, Romac, Sarah, Roux, Simon, Dimier, Céline, Kandels‐Lewis, Stefanie, Picheral, Marc, Searson, Sarah, Oceans, Tara, Pesant, Stéphane, Aury, Jean-Marc, Brum, Jennifer R., Lemaitre, Claire, Pelletier, Eric, Bork, Peer, Sunagawa, Shinichi, Lombard, Fabien, Karp-Boss, Lee, Bowler, Chris, Sullivan, Matthew B., Karsenti, Eric, Mariadassou, Mahendra, Probert, Ian, Peterlongo, Pierre, Wincker, Patrick, Vargas, Colomban de, Ribera d’Alcalà, Maurizio, Iudicone, Daniele, Jaillon, Olivier, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre National de Séquençage (France), National Fund for Scientific Research (Belgium), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Università degli Studi di Milano, Université Paris Sciences & Lettres, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), National Science Foundation (US), Veolia Foundation, Région Bretagne, World Courier, Illumina, Cap L’Orient, Fondation EDF, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Fondation Prince Albert II de Monaco, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), University of British Columbia (UBC), Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze FIsiche della Materia (CNISM), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Combinatoire et Bioinformatique (LS2N - équipe COMBI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Tucson] (EEB), University of Arizona, Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), University of Maine, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche de Roscoff (FR2424), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), French National Research Agency (ANR)HYDROGEN/ANR-14CE23-0001, National Science Foundation (NSF)OCE-1536989, OCE-1829831, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Graphene Flagship, European Project: 634486,H2020,H2020-BG-2014-2,INMARE(2015), European Project: 287589,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-OCEAN-2011,MICRO B3(2012), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Combinatoire et Bioinformatique (COMBI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Centre de Mathématiques et de Leurs Applications (CMLA), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Infectiologie Santé Publique (ISP-311), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique (LINA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biogeography, Oceans and Seas, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, plankton biogeography, genomics, Ecosystem, genetics, 14. Life underwater, microbial oceanography, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Seascape, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, metagenomics, General Immunology and Microbiology, Geography, General Neuroscience, Ocean current, fungi, Community structure, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Plankton, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, metabarcoding, ecology, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract: Biogeographical studies have traditionally focused on readily visible organisms, but recent technological advances are enabling analyses of the large-scale distribution of microscopic organisms, whose biogeographical patterns have long been debated. Here we assessed the global structure of plankton geography and its relation to the biological, chemical, and physical context of the ocean (the ‘seascape’) by analyzing metagenomes of plankton communities sampled across oceans during the Tara Oceans expedition, in light of environmental data and ocean current transport. Using a consistent approach across organismal sizes that provides unprecedented resolution to measure changes in genomic composition between communities, we report a pan-ocean, size-dependent plankton biogeography overlying regional heterogeneity. We found robust evidence for a basin-scale impact of transport by ocean currents on plankton biogeography, and on a characteristic timescale of community dynamics going beyond simple seasonality or life history transitions of plankton., We thank the commitment of the following people and sponsors who made this expedition possible: CNRS (in particular Groupement de Recherche GDR3280), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genoscope/CEA, Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders, VIB, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, UNIMIB, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001–02), the French Government ANR (projects FRANCE GENOMIQUE/ANR-10-INBS-09, MEMO LIFE/ANR-10-LABX-54, POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, MAPPI/ANR-2010-COSI-004, TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218), US NSF grant DEB-1031049, FWO, BIO5, Biosphere 2, Agnès b., the Veolia Environment Foundation, Région Bretagne, World Courier, Illumina, Cap L’Orient, the EDF Foundation EDF Diversiterre, FRB, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, Etienne Bourgois, the Tara schooner and its captain and crew. We thank MERCATOR-CORIOLIS and ACRI-ST for providing daily satellite data during the expedition. The bulk of genomic computations were performed using the Airain HPC machine provided through GENCI- [TGCC/CINES/IDRIS] (grants t2011076389, t2012076389, t2013036389, t2014036389, t2015036389 and t2016036389). We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries who granted us sampling permissions.
Published: 2022

49. Targeting the Major Groove of the Palindromic d(GGCGCC)2 Sequence by Oligopeptide Derivatives of Anthraquinone Intercalators

Author: Krystel El Hage, Giovanni Ribaudo, Louis Lagardère, Alberto Ongaro, Philippe H. Kahn, Luc Demange, Jean-Philip Piquemal, Giuseppe Zagotto, Nohad Gresh, Structure et activité des biomolécules normales et pathologiques (SABNP), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli Studi di Brescia = University of Brescia (UniBs), Laboratoire de chimie théorique (LCT), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Parisien de Chimie Physique et Théorique (IP2CT), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cibles Thérapeutiques et conception de médicaments (CiTCoM - UMR 8038), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Biomedical Engineering [Austin], University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and European Project: 810367,EMC2(2019)
Subjects: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph), [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Physics - Chemical Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Chemistry, DNA, Library and Information Sciences, Molecular Dynamics, Computer Science Applications
Abstract: International audience; GC-rich sequences are recurring motifs in oncogenes and retroviruses, and could be targeted by non-covalent major-groove therapeutic ligands. We considered the palindromic sequence d(G1G2C3G4C5C6)2, and designed several oligopeptide derivatives of the anti-cancer intercalator mitoxantrone. The stability of their complexes with a 18-mer oligonucleotide encompassing this sequence in its center was validated using polarizable molecular dynamics. We report the most salient structural features of two novel compounds, having a dialkylammonium group as a side-chain on both arms. The anthraquinone ring is intercalated in the central d(CpG)2 sequence with its long axis perpendicular to that of the two base-pairs. On each strand, this enables each ammonium group to bind in-register to O6/N7 of the two facing G bases upstream. We subsequently designed tris-intercalating derivatives, each dialkylammonium substituted with a connector to an N9-aminoacridine intercalator extending our target range from six- to a ten-base pair palindromic sequence, d(C1G2G3G4C5G6C7C8C9G10)2. The structural features of the complex of the most promising derivative are reported. The present design strategy paves the way for designing intercalator-oligopeptide derivatives with an even higher selectivity, targeting an increased number of DNA bases, going beyond ten.
Published: 2022

50. A simple city equilibrium model with an application to teleworking

Author: Achdou, Yves, Carlier, Guillaume, Petit, Quentin, Tonon, Daniela, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Méthodes numériques pour le problème de Monge-Kantorovich et Applications en sciences sociales (MOKAPLAN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), All the authors were partially supported by the ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) through MFG project ANR-16-CE40-0015-01. Y.A. and Q.P. acknowledge partial support from the Chair Finance and Sustainable Development and the FiME Lab (Institut Europlace de Finance). G.C. acknowledges the support of the Lagrange Mathematics and Computing Research Center., and ANR-16-CE40-0015,MFG,Jeux Champs Moyen(2016)
Subjects: Optimization and Control (math.OC), Teleworking, FOS: Mathematics, MS Classiﬁcation: 90B85, 49Q22, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Spatial equilibria, Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract: We propose a simple semi-discrete spatial model where rents, wages and the density of population in a city can be deduced from free-mobility and equilibrium conditions on the labour and residential housing markets. We prove existence and (under stronger assumptions) uniqueness of the equilibrium. We extend our model to the case where teleworking is introduced. We present numerical simulations which shed light on the effect of teleworking on the structure of the city at equilibrium.
Published: 2022

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