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Soils from mid-west Brazil show strong phosphorus (P) fixation, which can reduce the efficiency of P fertilizers. Under this condition, soil competes with the plant for the applied P adsorbing it strongly in its mineral fraction. Nevertheless, in areas where crops are grown and fertilizers are added for many years, soil fertility status has increased over time, making these soils nonresponsive to P. The objective of this study was to evaluate how P availability changes with soil use. Forty soil samples were collected under different types of land use: native forest, pasture, no-tillage, and areas with periodic tillage. P fractionation was performed to determine the amount of P in the organic and inorganic fractions with high, medium, and low lability under each land use. Corn was cultivated in a greenhouse experiment to evaluate P uptake and values correlated with different P fractions. The results showed differences in the P fraction relations among different land uses. Cultivated areas (no tillage and periodic tillage) accumulated greater amounts of P in all fractions than pastures and the native forest. A higher proportion of labile organic P was observed under no tillage than under periodic tillage. NaHCO3 and NaOH 0.1 mol L-1were the most relevant P fractions for shoot P uptake. No tillage promoted the accumulation of available P fractions, suggesting that it is a good management strategy to ensure fertilizer use efficiency Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-11T16:00:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bioavailability-of-phosphorus-on-highly-weathered-Oxisoils-2021.pdf: 585048 bytes, checksum: f63367d92d52df0fa301f18aeddea44b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Knowledge of the solubility of phosphate fertilizers is fundamental for phosphorus (P) recommendation management and for choosing the laboratory evaluation method of nutrient availability in the soil according to the history of fertilization. The aim was to evaluate the initial development of corn plants as a function of the application of triple superphosphate (TSP) and natural phosphate of Arraias (NPA) with and without liming and incubation time, as well as to evaluate the available P in the soil with the use the extractors Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3. An experiment was installed in an 8 × 3 × 2 factorial scheme, being 8 fertilizer incubation times (180, 140, 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 0 day(s) before planting), 3 P sources (control-without P, TSP and NPA) and 2 refers to the application of limestone (with and without limestone). Were evaluated the shoot and root dry matter, analysis of P, Ca, Mg, and Zn in shoot and P in roots. In the soil, P levels were determined by Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3 extractors. There was a greater accumulation of P with the application of TSP with limestone in all incubation times. The application of the NPA allowed a greater accumulation of P in the plants without the application of lime. The previous incubation of the NPA did not favor the efficiency of this source, neither in the soil with corrected acidity nor in the soil with its original acidity. Mehlich-3 proved to be adequate to determine the phosphorus content in soil fertilized by NPA. Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-13T12:01:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Soil-phosphorus-and-corn-development-2021.pdf: 1509108 bytes, checksum: a5ceacd0d19737916c62858e0ec8de8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the amount of percolated water per day and the levels of ammonium and nitrate leachate during soybean cultivation, based on precipitation and fertilization (mineral fertilization, 25 and 100 m3 ha-1 of liquid swine manure) in order to provide results that improve the handling of liquid swine manure, reducing costs and avoiding possible environmental impacts. After 14 years of successive applications of pig slurry, nitrate concentrations determined in water were lower than the maximum values established by the environmental guidelines (Conama 396), indicating that the risk of soil and water contamination is low. Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-09T15:03:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nitrate-and-ammonium-content-in-percolated-water-2016.pdf: 617244 bytes, checksum: 4c6907e6db2a705cbe769b7b7e2521f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016

Uma grande vantagem do sorgo é sua característica xerófita, o que lhe atribui um potencial, como sucessão às culturas de verão, na produção de grãos, sendo fundamental a utilização de híbridos adaptados aos diferentes ambientes de cultivo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi gerar parâmetros a respeito da capacidade adaptativa de híbridos de sorgo granífero pelo método GGE biplot. Os ensaios foram conduzidos, na safrinha de 2017, em sistema de plantio direto, em quatro ambientes, Rio Verde, Sete Lagoas, Teresina e Sinop. Todos os ensaios foram conduzidos, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e trinta e seis híbridos. Foram avaliadas as características: florescimento, altura de plantas e produtividade de grãos. Os dados foram submetidos às análises de variância individuais e conjunta, aplicado posteriormente o critério de agrupamento de Scott-Knott e estimados os parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade. Os híbridos promissores quanto às características avaliadas e em função dos parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade foram 1610001, 1610006,1610051 e o 1G100. Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-29T00:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Performanceagronomica.pdf: 779317 bytes, checksum: ea486701ae8530c4e2121fe725f2c7dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Organic wastes produced in large quantities in pig farms, such as liquid swine manure (LSM), can become a good alternative source of nutrients for agriculture, thus enabling total or partial replacement of mineral fertilizers in agricultural crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of LSM as a substitute of mineral fertilizer in the maize crop under Cerrado soil conditions. The treatments consisted of using mineral fertilization recommended for the maize crop; without fertilization; and LSM doses (25, 50,100 and 200 m3 ha-1). Maize grain yield was evaluated in the 2004/2005, 2005/2006, 2006/2007, 2007/2008, 2009/2010, 2011/2012 and 2013/2014 crop seasons. The mineral fertilization in maize can be replaced by pig slurry doses from 100 m3 ha-1 in a Cerrado soil (dystroferric Red Latosol with clayey texture) with no loss of yield components. RESUMO Os resíduos orgânicos produzidos em grandes quantidades nas granjas suinícolas, como os dejetos líquidos de suínos (DLS), podem tornar-se alternativa de fonte de nutrientes na agricultura. O descarte desses resíduos de forma racional possibilita a substituição total ou parcial da adubação mineral nos cultivos agrícolas. O objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar a utilização de DLS como substituição da adubação mineral na cultura do milho em condições de solo de Cerrado. Os tratamentos consistiram na utilização de adubação mineral recomendada para a cultura do milho; sem adubação e doses de DLS (25; 50; 100 e 200 m3 ha-1). A produtividade de grãos de milho foi avaliada nas safras agrícolas de 2004/2005; 2005/2006; 2006/2007, 2007/2008; 2009/2010; 2011/2012 e 2013/2014. A adubação mineral na cultura do milho pode ser substituída por doses de dejetos líquidos de suínos a partir de 100 m3 ha-1 em um solo de Cerrado (Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico de textura argilosa), sem que haja prejuízos dos componentes de rendimento.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T11:54:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-03-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The dynamism of the reliability of machines and equipment has the objective of availability, leading to the development of several techniques of predictive maintenance, to define the ideal point for the intervention. Among the several predictive techniques, the analysis of lubricants has its highlight. In this sense, lubricants are used to reduce friction and wear between two interacting surfaces, filling the space of surface imperfections. In this way, wear is common even with the use of lubricating oils on the interacting surfaces. Thus, an artefact for ascertaining the wear particles by size in lubricating oils is analytical ferrography. In this way, this work presents the development of a low cost rotary separator prototype to obtain ferrograms, through five distinct combinations of permanent magnets and electronic devices. Several combinations of magnets were used and it was concluded that the 03, 04, and 05 combinations showed a better formation quality of ferrous wear particle rings. In addition, only two rings were formed in the 04 combination, but this was the best combination by size separation. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering UniRV - Rio Verde University Mechanical Engineering Department UNESP –University of State of Sao Paulo Mathematics Department UNESP – University of State of Sao Paulo Department of Biofuels Araçatuba Technology College – FATEC Mechanical Engineering Department UNESP –University of State of Sao Paulo Mathematics Department UNESP – University of State of Sao Paulo CNPq: 470117/2007-9

Brazil is a large phosphate importer due to the high demand for this nutrient for grain cropping on very weathered soils. However, Brazil has an important poultry production that generates ~6.8 million m3 year−1 of organic residue containing phosphorus and other nutrients, increasing the risk of environmental harm. However, if well managed, poultry litter can be a valuable source of P for crop growth in low fertile tropic soils. This article summarizes the long-term agronomic efficiency of organomineral fertilizers in supplying P to soybean and soil P maintenance as a strategy for secondary P recycling. Three fertilizers were used as P source: organomineral based on raw poultry litter, organomineral based on composted poultry litter; and a mineral monoammonium phosphate. Five soybean crop seasons were conducted with annual P doses (20, 40, 60, and 80 kg ha−1 of P2O5) and control without P application. After five crops, one additional soybean crop season was grown without P to evaluate the residual effect. Phosphorus concentration in leaves was evaluated in the first four seasons, and soil P availability in the first, third, and fourth seasons. There was no difference in soybean grain yield, P concentration in leaves, and soil P availability as a function of the P sources in the first crop. Soybean grain yield only varied with the P rate applied after the second season, when the control had the lowest grain yield. After five crops, organomineral resulted in a slight but significant soybean yield gain compared with MAP at higher doses. Over time, the available soil P increased with the highest P dose and decreased in the control treatment. The intermediate dose of 40 kg ha−1 P2O5 was enough to keep soil P level and lead to high soybean grain yield over the time, suggesting that the rate of applied P close to the P exportation by the grains has a long-term sustainable effect even in tropical soils, where residual P stocks are used. It can be concluded that organomineral fertilizer is an efficient farm input that can be used for residue destination and nutrient recycling, especially in acid tropical soils.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:44:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-09-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) This study aims to assess the carbon stock in a pasture area and fragment of forest in natural regeneration, given the importance of agroforestry systems in mitigating gas emissions which contribute to the greenhouse effect, as well as promoting the maintenance of agricultural productivity. Our other goal was to predict the carbon stock, according to different land use systems, from physical and chemical soil variables using the Random Forest algorithm. We carried out our study at an Entisols Quartzipsamments area with a completely randomized experimental design: four treatments and six replites. The treatments consisted of the following: (i) an agroforestry system developed for livestock, (ii) an agroforestry system developed for fruit culture, (iii) a conventional pasture, and (iv) a forest fragment. Deformed and undeformed soil samples were collected in order to analyze their physical and chemical properties across two consecutive agricultural years. The response variable, carbon stock, was subjected to a boxplot analysis and all the databases were used for a predictive modeling which in turn used the Random Forest algorithm. Results led to the conclusion that the agroforestry systems developed both for fruit culture and livestock, are more efficient at stocking carbon in the soil than the pasture area and forest fragment undergoing natural regeneration. Nitrogen stock and land use systems are the most important variables to estimate carbon stock from the physical and chemical variables of soil using the Random Forest algorithm. The predictive models generated from the physical and chemical variables of soil, as well as the Random Forest algorithm, presented a high potential for predicting soil carbon stock and are sensitive to different land use systems. School of Agricultural Engineering (Feagri) University of Campinas (Unicamp) School of Agronomy University of Rio Verde (UniRV) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences University State of São Paulo (Unesp) Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) School of Agronomy University State of São Paulo (Unesp) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences University State of São Paulo (Unesp) School of Agronomy University State of São Paulo (Unesp)

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:40:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-06-01 BiFeO3 thin films were prepared using the chemical solution route on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si(100) substrates under different crystallization kinetics. The crystallization kinetic effects on the dielectric and electrical properties have been investigated. These properties included dielectric permittivity, electric modulus, electrical conductivity measurements as a function of the temperature (300-525 K) and frequency (102-106 Hz), and leakage current measurements electric field range ± 30 kV/cm at room temperature. The differences observed in conductivity and current density of the BiFeO3 films were discussed in terms of possible defects induced by the crystallization kinetic. An anomalous relaxor-like dielectric behavior characterized by a broad maximum in the real dielectric permittivity as a function of temperature and the low-frequency dielectric dispersion has been observed. The nonexpected peaks in the real permittivity were accompanied by increasing at least four orders in the conductivity's magnitude at high temperatures. The origin of the relaxor-like dielectric anomalies is discussed, suggesting that the dielectric permittivity peaks are artifacts due to carrier migration correlated to the onset of the Maxwell-Wagner effect. Department of Physics and Chemistry São Paulo State University Facultad de Física Universidad de la Habana. San Lázaro y L Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of São Paulo University of Rio Verde (UniRV) Departamento de Física Grupo de Materiais Ferróicos Universidade Federal de São Carlos Department of Physics and Chemistry São Paulo State University

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:33:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-07-15 Many agricultural practices cause environmental degradation that affects the cellular integrity of anurans. In the present study, we provided in situ data of Dendropsophus minutus, Physalaemus cuvieri, and Scinax fuscovarius collected in soybean/corn and conservation units in the Brazilian Cerrado. The in situ data showed no significant variation in the micronucleus frequency between the sites, only the reniform cells had a higher rate for the agricultural environment. A combined analysis of all nuclear erythrocyte abnormalities (ENAs = nuclear buds, reniform nuclei, apoptotic cell, binucleated, and anucleated cells) was recorded higher frequencies in farmland. Overall, Scinax fuscovarius was considered the best potential bioindicator for soybean/corn plantations. Finally, we recommend expanding the micronucleus test for in situ studies to expand our understanding of the sensitivity of native anuran species and provide a more systematic assessment of the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on wildlife. Department of Biology Universidade de Rio Verde UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber Laboratory of Animal Biology Instituto Federal Goiano IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural Department of Biology Universidade Estadual Paulista - Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP, Campus São José do Rio Preto, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth Department of Biology Universidade Estadual Paulista - Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP, Campus São José do Rio Preto, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:44:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-11-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:36:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-69162020000600692.pdf: 696916 bytes, checksum: 1856919f95f31f248635c35585dbc2c0 (MD5) The response of biomass flow components of forage from the interaction between fertigation with wastewater and cutting height during the year is little known. The objective of this work was to verify the responses of morphogenic and structural characteristics of Urochloa brizantha as a function of fertigation application strategies with sewage treatment plant effluent (TSE), complemented with urea (U), associated with harvest with two plant heights during the dry and rainy periods. The forage cutting heights were 30 cm (H-1) and 40 cm (H-2), and nitrogen fertilization doses were 9.1(D-1), 12.1 (D-2), 22.5 (D-3), 26.6 (D-4), and 34.0 (D-5) kg of N per Mg-1 of dry matter (DM) produced, applied by TSE via fertigation, plus 7.5 kg N per Mg-1 of DM produced, applied in the form of urea by cover in all treatments. Factor analyses for the dry and rainy periods identified two processes that correspond to forage mass growth and leaf development. Analysis of variance showed that treatments D5H2 and D5H1 presented superior responses over the other treatments, in the dry, and rainy periods. The treatment D5H2 stood out in the process of forage mass growth, and D5H1 in leaf development. Centro Univ Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil UNESP, FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil UniRV, Rio Verde, Go, Brazil UNESP, FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:35:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-08-01 Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras The piezoelectric properties of lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate Pb1-xLax(Zr0.52Ti0.48)1-x/4O3 thin films, with x = 0, 3 and 12 mol% La, were studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction under direct (DC) and alternating (AC) electric fields, with AC frequencies covering more than four orders of magnitude. The Bragg reflections for thin films with low lanthanum concentration exhibit a double-peak structure, indicating two contributions, whereas thin films with 12% La possess a well-defined Bragg peak with a single component. In addition, built-in electric fields are revealed for low La concentrations, while they are absent for thin films with 12% of La. For static and low frequency AC electric fields, all lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate thin films exhibit butterfly loops, whereas linear piezoelectric behavior is found for AC frequencies larger than 1 Hz. Aix Marseille Univ Univ Toulon CNRS IM2NP CEDEX 20 Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP 48 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Rio Verde (UniRV) School of Natural Sciences and Engineering Department of Physics and Chemistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro Laboratory of Functional Low-Dimensional Structures National University of Science and Technology MISiS School of Natural Sciences and Engineering Department of Physics and Chemistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation: K2-2019-015 Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras: PT2020

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T20:00:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-05-18 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films were studied to control their oxygen-related processing parameters in order to obtain specific electrical characteristics in terms of conductivity and dielectric relaxation. BFO thin films prepared with Fe and Bi excesses and post-annealed in oxygen atmosphere showed higher electrical conductivity and lower conduction activation energies than single phase ones. Distinct parameters indicated different conduction mechanisms in the films, associated with the first ionization of oxygen vacancies in BFO films with Fe and Bi excesses and the second one in single phase films. Higher conductive films show lower relaxation times compared to single phase ones. Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Phys & Chem, Ilha Solteira, Brazil Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Sao Paulo, Votuporanga, Brazil Univ Rio Verde UniRV, Rio Verde, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Phys & Chem, Ilha Solteira, Brazil FAPESP: 2017/13769-1 CNPq: 304604/2015-1 CAPES: 88887.310512/2018-00

portuguesA construcao da usina hidreletrica de Ilha Solteira, no interior de Sao Paulo, foi iniciada nos anos 1960, quando foi retirado, em media, 8,60 m de solo em profundidade, dando origem a uma area degradada. Com isso, iniciou-se em 2005 um plano de recuperacao da area no municipio de Selviria/MS com plantio de especies vegetais adaptadas ao bioma Cerrado. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a macrofauna do solo de uma area em processo de recuperacao com plantio de diferentes tipos de cobertura vegetal (1- solo nu (testemunha); 2- vegetacao nativa de Cerrado; 3- especie arborea Astronium fraxinifolium; 4- Astronium fraxinifolium + Canavalia ensiformis; 5- Astronium fraxinifolium + Raphanus sativus; 6- Astronium fraxinifolium + Brachiaria decumbens + lodo de esgoto). A macrofauna de solo foi avaliada em 2005, 2006 e 2007 utilizando o metodo de coleta direta e contagem manual. Foram determinados: quantidade de especies e indices de diversidade e uniformidade. As analises de componentes principals (PCA) e de cluster foram utilizadas para interpretacao de dados. Os resultados mostraram que o tratamento 6 (Astronium fraxinifolium + Brachiaria decumbens + lodo de esgoto) aumentou a populacao de macrofauna do solo em aproximadamente 4 a 6 vezes mais que os demais tipos de cobertura vegetal apos tres anos de avaliacao. As analises de PCA e de cluster mostraram aproximacao dos dados do tratamento 6 as condicoes ambientais naturais de Cerrado, indicando ser o tratamento mais adequado para a recuperacao do solo degradado EnglishThe construction of the hydroelectric power plant of Ilha Solteira, in state of Sao Paulo, was initiated in the 1960s, when an average, 8.60 m of soil depth was removed, resulting in a degraded area. A plan for the recovery of the area started in 2005 in Selviria /MS with the use of plant species adapted to the Cerrado biome. This study aimed to evaluate the soil macrofauna of an area under recovery by using different types of soil cover (1- bare soil (control); 2- native Cerrado vegetation; 3- specie Astronium fraxinifolium; 4- Astronium fraxinifolium + Canavalia ensiformis; 5- Astronium fraxinifolium + Raphanus sativus; 6- Astronium fraxinifolium + Brachiaria decumbens + sewage sludge). Soil macrofauna was evaluated in 2005, 2006 and 2007 using the direct collection method and manual counting. Number of species, diversity and uniformity index were determined. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were used for data interpretation. Results showed that treatment 6 (Astronium fraxinifolium+ Brachiaria decumbens+ sewage sludge) increased the soil macrofauna population by approximately 4 to 6 times more than the other types of cover after three years of evaluation. And the PCA and cluster analysis showed the approximation of the data between treatment 6 and Cerrado, which represents the most appropriate treatment for the recovery of the degraded soil

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:36:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-15 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Brazilian Biodivesity Fund Habitat loss and fragmentation together represent the most significant threat to the world's biodiversity. In order to guarantee the survival of this diversity, the monitoring of bioindicators can provide important insights into the health of a natural environment. In this context, we used the comet assay and micronucleus test to evaluate the genotoxic susceptibility of 126 bats of eight species captured in soybean and sugarcane plantation areas, together with a control area (conservation unit) in the Cerrado savanna of central Brazil. No significant differences were found between the specimens captured in the sugarcane and control areas in the frequency of micronuclei and DNA damage (comet assay). However, the omnivore Phyllostomus hastatus had a higher frequency of nuclear abnormalities than the frugivore Carollia perspicillata in the sugarcane area. Insectivorous and frugivorous bats presented a higher frequency of genotoxic damage than the nectarivores in the soybean area. In general, DNA damage and micronuclei were significantly more frequent in agricultural environments than in the control area. While agricultural development is an economic necessity in developing countries, the impacts on the natural landscape may result in genotoxic damage to the local fauna, such as bats. Over the medium to long term, then DNA damage may have an increasingly negative impact on the wellbeing of the local species. Laboratory of Mutagenesis Instituto de Ciências Biológicas ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás Samambaia Campus Laboratory of Ecotoxicologia e Sistemática Animal Instituto Federal Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural Department of Biology Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Josédo Rio Preto Laboratory of Zoology Universidade de Rio Verde UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber Research Department Instituto Sauver, Rua Dr. Paulo Franco dos Reis 40 Department of Biology Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Josédo Rio Preto

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:07:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-30 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Amphibians are considered to be excellent bioindicators to their morphophysiological characteristics and life cycle. In this context, the present study investigated the morphological integrity of anuran larvae collected in preserved environments in the Emas National Park, in the municipality of Mineiros (Goiás state, Brazil), and in environments representative of the agricultural matrix of the Rio Verde region, also in Goiás, where there is a long history of the use of agricultural pesticides. Samples of water from temporary ponds, permanent dams, and veredas were analyzed for the presence of pesticides and, especially atrazine (5350 μg/L), found at significantly higher concentrations in the agricultural matrix. We observed a high percentage (approximately 10%) of morphological malformations including alterations of the fins in Boana albopunctatus and Scinax fuscovarius; alteration in oral structures in B. albopunctatus, Dematonotus muelleri, Physalaemus centralis, Physalaemus cuvieri, and Leptodactylus fuscus mainly in the tadpoles collected in the agricultural environment in comparison with those from the protected area (3.5%; P < 0.0001, χ 2 31.75). However, changes in the eyes, mouth, intestines, and nostrils, as well as amelia were observed only in the agricultural environment. The vast majority of the observed malformations were associated with the tail and oral disc, which suggests that these anatomical parameters may be used as sensitive morphological biomarkers. Given these findings, we reinforce that areas of agricultural land may have a deleterious effect on the morphological integrity of the tadpoles and consequently, on their development, and that these features may be used as indicators of environmental quality and health. Department of Biology Universidade de Rio Verde UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber Laboratory of Animal Biology Instituto Federal Goiano IF Goiano, campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural Department of Biology Universidade Estadual Paulista -Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP, campus São José do Rio Preto, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth Institute of Biosciences Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS Department of Biology Universidade Estadual Paulista -Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP, campus São José do Rio Preto, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth CNPq: 477044/2013-1

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T17:16:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:05:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782019000400451.pdf: 803301 bytes, checksum: 016a8ed630c97fcf8bb9e1477ee0e252 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Family Tayassuidae in the suborder Suina include two species of peccaries in Brazil: the white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) and the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu). These animals share common pathogens with domestic swine (Sus scrofa); however, their role as potential carrier remains unclear. This study focused on detecting the prevalence of influenza A antibodies in Tayassu pecari and Pecari tajacu from commercial rearing farms from two states in Brazil. A set of 50 blood samples from Pecari tajacu and 55 from Tayassu pecari were analyzed using a commercial indirect ELISA in order to investigate anti influenza A antibodies. Pecari tajacu samples presented 22% (11/50) of seropositivity for the virus. Serological surveillance is an important tool to identify the presence and the spread of the influenza virus in feral pigs. Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV) Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Botucatu Universidade de Rio Verde (UNIRV) Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV) Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Botucatu CAPES: 1409232 FAPESP: 2014/13590-3

Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-17T00:38:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ID448292019v19n235p26Cultivar.pdf: 612857 bytes, checksum: fca159af5a5edcaa2f5dd21d30aa83a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

The lack of robust estimates of soybean yield losses due to target spot led to this study. The objective was to determine whether soybean yield at stage R8 (W, expressed as kg ha⁻¹) was related to target spot severity at soybean stage R5–R6 (S, expressed as %) and to identify variables that could affect this relationship. Plot‐level estimates of mean disease severity and yield from 41 selected Uniform Fungicide Trials carried out in Brazil during 2012–2016 growing seasons were used to estimate linear regression coefficients for the relationship between yield and target spot severity through random‐coefficient mixed effects model analysis. The overall estimated mean regression intercept and slope were β0^ = 3564 kg ha⁻¹ (disease‐free yield) and β1^ = −17.1 kg ha⁻¹ %⁻¹ (W decrease per percent increase in S), respectively. The model was then refitted with different covariates to determine their effects on model parameters. β₀ was influenced by baseline yield (less than or greater than 3300 kg ha⁻¹) and β₁ was affected by yield response to fungicide treatments. Estimated yield loss at 50% target spot severity ranged from 8% to 42%. Cultivar also had a significant effect on the magnitude of yield reduction due to target spot, which ranged from 11% to 42%, depending on the cultivar.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T00:56:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás Universidade de Rio Verde (UniRV), Campus Rio Verde Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano), Campus Rio Verde Universidade Federal de Goiás(UFG) Universidade Estadual Paulista-Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus São Jose do Rio Preto Universidade Estadual Paulista-Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus São Jose do Rio Preto

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:45:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-11-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) In agriculture, wastewater is used as an alternative source to meet the water and nutritional requirements of plants. However, long-term application of wastewater may degrade soil attributes. This study aimed to evaluate the soil physical quality of Oxisol fertigated with treated sewage effluent (TSE). The experiment was conducted in an area under TSE application for 4 years in Oxisol (625 g kg−1 clay) cultivated with Urochloa brizantha. The treatments consisted of six levels of TSE in irrigation depth, 0%, 11%, 31%, 60%, 87%, and 100%, with four repetitions. Undisturbed and disturbed soils samples were collected in three layers (0.00–0.10 m; 0.10–0.20 m, and 0.20–0.30 m). Aggregation, porosity and water infiltration attributes were evaluated. This work concludes a long-term study on the effects of TSE application on soil properties and on the Urochloa brizantha crop. In other works, carried out in the experimental area of the present study, it was found that TSE fertigation increases the yield and quality of Urochloa brizantha, increases soil fertility and does not lead to soil heavy metal contamination. We note the TSE fertigation does not change the aggregation, porosity, water infiltration rate and organic carbon content in the soil. Irrigation with TSE is recommended in areas with clayey soil and those cultivated with perennial grasses as it does not cause any damage to the physical quality of the soil. Thus, the TSE fertigation can be used on many crops as a source of water and nutrients, reducing the environmental contamination potential. São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Via de Acesso Prof.Paulo Donato Castellane s/n - Jaboticabal/SP – CEP, Jaboticabal Rio Verde University (UniRV), Fazenda Fontes do Saber CP 104 CEP, Rio Verde São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Via de Acesso Prof.Paulo Donato Castellane s/n - Jaboticabal/SP – CEP, Jaboticabal

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:38:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-03-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:04:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1413-70542018000200195.pdf: 946841 bytes, checksum: c33bac46346021064a71cbfb47423e39 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Mechanized sugarcane harvest is replacing the historic practice of field burning, due to environmental concerns of the particulate and emissions during burning. However, the impact of these practices on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) production potential is not fully known. Thus, the present work quantified the potential production, in 1 g of soil, of greenhouse gases (GHG) in three systems of sugarcane management. The systems were: area with a history of burning sugarcane before harvest (B) and another with two systems of management of “green sugarcane” in two periods of implantation - 5 (G-5) and 10 years (G-10). A laboratory incubation experiment was used to assess the production potentials of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in 1g of soil samples by the different sugarcane management systems. The results of this study demonstrate that the sugarcane management systems had an impact on the potential production of CO2 in the soil. In addition, when the results of gases were divided from convex and concave areas, differences in CO2 patterns between areas B and G-10 were observed, with greater emission in the G-10 area, probably due the residue on the soil surface. Universidade de Rio Verde/UniRV University of Minnesota Department of Soil Water and Climate Universidade Estadual de Campinas/UNICAMP Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/FCAV Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/FCAV FAPESP: 2012/10.444-1

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o efeito do toque quântico sobre o crescimento de plântulas de soja ( Glycine max ). Em partes iguais, uma amostra de 80 sementes de soja foi distribuida em dois grupos: Experimental (com tratamento de toque quântico durante 20 minutos antes do plantio) e Controle (sem tratamento antes do plantio). Em desacordo com a literatura, os resultados indicaram que nao houve diferencas entre as taxas de germinacao e o comprimento medio das plântulas dos dois grupos. Concluiu-se que o toque quântico nao teve efeito fisiologico sobre o crescimento de plântulas de soja.

Buscando a efetividade das normas constitucionais, especialmente, daquelas definidoras de direitos fundamentais, a prática interpretativa do Supremo Tribunal Federal tem levado às mutações constitucionais, com fundamento na teoria discursiva de Robert Alexy. Contudo, tal atuação tem sido rebatida, sob o argumento de ativismo, com fulcro nas ideias de Ronald Dworkin. Objetivou-se analisar as teorias dos referidos filósofos pontuando caminhos para uma interpretação condizente com preceitos do Estado Democrático de Direito. Concluiu-se que os poderes políticos, notadamente, o Legislativo, precisam ser mais atuantes diante das novas demandas de uma sociedade plural, evitando, assim, a expansão desmedida no âmbito da jurisdição constitucional.

Agricultural production systems that include the production of mulch for no-tillage farming and structural improvement of the soil can be considered key measures for agricultural activity in the Cerrado region without causing environmental degradation. In this respect, our work aimed to evaluate the chemical and physical-hydric properties of a dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goias, Brazil, under different soil management systems in the between-crop season of soybean cultivation five years after first planting. The following conditions were evaluated: Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu as a cover crop during the between-crop season; Second crop of maize intercropped with Brachiaria ruziziensis; Second crop of grain alone in a no-tillage system; Fallow soil after the soybean harvest; and Forest (natural vegetation) located in an adjacent area. Soil samples up to a depth of 40 cm were taken and used in the assessment of chemical properties and soil structure diagnostics. The results demonstrated that the conversion of native vegetation areas into agricultural fields altered the chemical and physical-hydric properties of the soil at all the depths evaluated, especially up to 10 cm, due to the activity of root systems in the soil structure. Cultivation of B. brizantha as a cover crop during the summer between-crop season increased soil water availability, which is important for agricultural activities in the region under study. Sistemas de produção agrícola que contemplam produção de palhada para o plantio direto e que atuam na melhoria estrutural do solo podem ser considerados medidas-chave para a atividade agrícola na região do Cerrado, sem a contrapartida da degradação ambiental. Nesse sentido, este trabalho objetivou avaliar os atributos químicos e físico-hídricos de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico do município de Rio Verde, Goiás, sob diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo na entressafra da cultura da soja, após cinco anos da sua implantação. Foram avaliados: Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu como planta de cobertura na entressafra; Safrinha de milho consorciada com Brachiaria ruziziensis; Safrinha de grãos solteira em sistema plantio direto; Solo sob pousio, após a colheita da soja; e Mata (Vegetação Natural), situada ao lado. Foram feitas amostragens de solo até 40 cm de profundidade, utilizadas na avaliação dos atributos químicos e no diagnóstico estrutural dele. Os resultados demonstraram que conversão de áreas de vegetação nativa em campos de agricultura alterou os atributos químicos e físico-hídricos do solo em todas as profundidades avaliadas, principalmente até 10 cm, em razão da ação do sistema radicular sob a estrutura do solo. O cultivo de B. brizantha como planta de cobertura no período de entressafra das culturas de verão aumentou a disponibilidade hídrica do solo, assumindo relevância para a atividade agrícola na região em estudo.

Investigou-se o uso de consequências individuais e culturais de diferentes tipos na determinação da seleção de culturantes em metacontingências. Participaram do estudo 18 universitários distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo Bens para Si (GBS) e Grupo Bens para Outros (GBO). Cada grupo foi composto por oito gerações. Cada geração foi composta por duplas. Ao fim de cada geração o participante mais antigo deixava o experimento e era substituído por novo membro ingênuo. O GBS recebeu consequências individuais (CI) e consequências culturais (CC) trocáveis por dinheiro. O GBO recebeu CI trocáveis por fotocópias, e CC trocáveis por materiais escolares doáveis a um projeto social. Havia duas fases: na Fase Aquisição CI e CC estavam disponíveis. Na Fase Extinção a geração 7 foi exposta apenas à CI sem CC e na geração 8, não havia CI nem CC. Os resultados indicam que a seleção de operantes e culturantes na Fase Aquisição ocorreu de modo similar em ambos os grupos. Na Fase Extinção nota-se maior sensibilidade do GBO à retirada das CC. Esses resultados sugerem que o uso de CI e CC de diferentes tipos influenciam na manutenção de culturantes. Discute-se as implicações dos resultados para o conceito de metacontingência. Palavras-Chave: consequências culturais, consequências individuais, metacontingências, seleção cultural, We investigated the use of individual and cultural consequences of different types in the selection of culturants in metacontingencies. The study included 18 students divided into two groups: Group Goods for Oneself (GBS) and Group Goods for Others (GBO). Each group was composed of eight generations and each generation consisted of dyads. After each generation the oldest participant left the experiment and was replaced by a new naive member. GBS received individual consequences (IC) and cultural consequences (CC) exchangeable for cash. GBO received IC exchangeable for photocopies, and CC exchangeable for school supplies to donate to a social project. There were two phases: in Acquisition Phase IC and CC were available. In Extinction Phase, generation 7 was exposed only to CI without CC, and for generation 8 received neither IC or CC. The selection of operants and culturants in Acquisition Phase was similarly for both groups. In Extinction Phase, GBO showed greater sensitivity to the withdrawal of CC. These results indicate that the use of different types of stimuli as IC and CC influence the maintenance of culturants. We discuss the implications of the results for the metacontingency concept. Key words: cultural consequences; individual consequences; metacontingency; cultural selection; culturants.

The caudal vena cava thrombosis, or pulmonary thromboembolism, in cattle is correlated with lactic acidosis, caused by diets rich in grains and highly fermentable, associated or not to septic situations, used in feedlots of beef or high-producing dairy cattle. This paper reports an unusual caudal vena cava thrombosis in a cow, secondary to Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes infection, resulting in reduced milk production, anorexia, pale mucous membranes, ruminal atony, sternal decubitus and autoauscultation position. The heart was enlarged at necropsy, presence of clots distributed along the thoracic cavity, adherence between lung and pleura, abscesses, emphysema, petechiae, suffusions and ecchymosis in lungs, thickening of the caudal vena cava wall, hepatomegaly with chronic passive congestion ("nutmeg" aspect), and rumenitis. In lab, the actinomycete Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes was isolated from liver and lung samples, probably resulting through dissemination of the bacteria of the rumen content, what reaffirms the opportunistic behavior of this actinomycete. Resumo: A síndrome da veia cava caudal ou tromboembolismo pulmonar bovino está relacionada à acidose láctica causada por dietas ricas em grãos e altamente fermentáveis, associados ou não a quadros sépticos, usadas em confinamentos de bovinos de corte ou para vacas leiteiras de alta produção. O presente artigo reporta caso raro de trombose da veia cava caudal em uma vaca, secundária a infecção por Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes, apresentando reduzida produção de leite, anorexia, palidez de mucosas, atonia ruminal, decúbito esternal e posição de autoauscultação. À necrópsia observou-se coração aumentado de tamanho, coágulos distribuídos por toda cavidade torácica, aderência entre os pulmões e pleura, abscessos, enfisema, petéquias, sufusões, equimoses nos pulmões, espessamento da parede da veia cava caudal com trombo, hepatomegalia com congestão passiva crônica (aspecto de "noz moscada"), e ruminite. Em laboratório isolou-se o actinomiceto Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes a partir de amostras de fígado e pulmão, provavelmente resultando da disseminação da bactéria proveniente do conteúdo ruminal, e reafirma o comportamento oportunista deste actinomiceto.

Industrial seed treatment is a new reality, ensuring seed coverage and dose with different combinations of agrochemical products; however, there are distinct results from research regarding physiological quality of treated seeds and storage. The hypothesis is that the combination of products affects the physiological potential in each storage period and through the storage periods the effect of the products becomes more accentuated, negatively to the seeds. The aim of the present work was to evaluate physiological potential of soybean seeds in seven treatments associated to six periods of storage (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days). The seed treatments were: 1 control (no treatment); 2 combination of fungicide; insecticide and a drying powder; solution volume: 350 mL 100kg-1; 3 fungicide, insecticide, drying powder and addition of micronutrients Cobalt and Molibdenium; solution volume: 550 mL 100kg-1; 4 fungicide, insecticide, drying powder, micronutrients e addition of bioregulator;solution volume: 1050 mL 100kg-1; 5 fungicide, insecticide, drying powder, polymer and an insecticides/acaricides;solution volume: 500 mL 100kg-1; 6 fungicide, insecticide, drying powder, polymer, insecticide/acaricide and micronutrients;solution volume: 700 mL 100kg-1; 7 fungicide, insecticide, drying powder, polymer, insecticide/acaricide, micronutrients and bioregulator; solution volume: 1200 mL 100kg-1.The study was conducted in a completely randomized design in a repeated measures in time scheme. In each period, first and final count of germination test, accelerated aging test, shoot and root length, emergency speed rate in sand and final emergency were carried out. The results make it possible to conclude that treatments 2 (fungicide: thiabendazole, fludioxonil, mefenoxan, insecticide: thiametoxam and drying powder), 3 (fungicide, insecticide, Co and Mo micronutrients and drying powder) and 5 (fungicide, pesticide, insecticide / nematicide, drying powder and polymer) were presented as the best options among the treatments along storage periods. The storage limit period before severe damage occurs to the seeds is 15 days for most treatments. Treatments 4 and 7 were the less promising. The spraying volume of 1050 and 1200 mL for 100 kg-1 of seed and the nature of the products were injurious to seeds. Thus, physiological quality of soybean seeds is affected by different combinations of products and different solution volumes presentingneutral, phytotonics and phytotoxic effects to the seeds, varying upon the combinations of industrial seed treatments and storage periods. O tratamento de sementes industrial é uma nova realidade, assegurando cobertura e dose, com diferentes combinações de produtos agroquímicos; entretanto, há resultados distintos da pesquisa com relação à qualidade fisiológica e o período de armazenamento das sementes tratadas. A hipótese é que a combinação de produtos afeta o potencial fisiológico em cada período de armazenamento e no decorrer dos períodos o efeito dos produtos torna-se mais acentuado, de forma negativa sobre a semente. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja em sete tratamentos associados a seis períodos de armazenamento (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 dias). Os tratamentos de sementes foram: 1 testemunha absoluta; 2 combinação de fungicida, inseticida e um pó secante; volume de calda: 350 mL 100kg-1; 3 fungicida, inseticida, pó secante e adição de micronutrientes Cobalto e Molibdênio; volume de calda: 550 mL 100kg-1; 4 fungicida, inseticida, pó secante, micronutrientes e adição de bioestimulante; volume de calda: 1050 mL 100kg-1; 5 fungicida, inseticida, pó secante, polímero e inseticida/acaricida; volume de calda: 500 mL 100kg-1; 6 fungicida, inseticida, pó secante, polímero, inseticida/acaricida e micronutrientes; volume de calda: 700 mL 100kg-1; 7 fungicida, inseticida, pó secante, polímero, inseticida/acaricida, micronutrientes e bioestimulante; volume de calda: 1200 mL 100kg-1. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de medidas repetidas no tempo. Em cada período, foram realizados os testes de primeira contagem e contagem final do teste de germinação, teste de envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de parte aérea e raiz, índice de velocidade de emergência em areia e porcentagem de emergência final. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que os tratamentos 2 (fungicida: thiabendazole, fludioxonil, mefenoxan, inseticida: thiametoxam e pó secante), 3 (fungicida, inseticida, micronutrientes Co e Mo e pó secante) e 5 (fungicida, inseticida, inseticida/nematicida, pó secante e polímero) apresentaram-se como as melhores opções, entre os tratamentos avaliados, ao longo do período de armazenamento. O período limite de armazenamento antes que danos severos ocorram às sementes é de 15 dias para a maioria dos tratamentos. Os tratamentos 4 e 7 foram os menos promissores. Os volumes de calda de 1050 e 1200 mL 100 kg-1 de semente e a natureza dos produtos utilizados foram prejudiciais às sementes. Dessa forma, a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de soja é afetada pelas diferentes combinações de produtos apresentando efeitos neutros, fitotônicos ou fitotóxicos sobre as mesmas, variando em função das combinações dos tratamentos de semente industriais e dos períodos de armazenamento. xii, 44 [9] f

Currently, chemical treatment has been a reality for increasing the potential emergence of seeds, especially for those species of high commercial value, such as hybrid maize. This study aimed to evaluate the seed germination and vigor of maize subjected to different products and storage period. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split plot on time, with four replications. For plot were distributed 9 treatments: an untreated control , one treatment called "standard treatment", which included the addition of fungicide and insecticide. From the standard treatment, six treatments have included various combinations of inoculant, micronutrients and plant growth regulator in order to study the isolated effect of them. Lastly, a treatment called "complete treatment" which included the addition of all products, simulating high investment situation in seed treatment. In subplots the storage periods of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days were evaluated. In each period, the tests were evaluated as follow: first and final count of germination test, modified cold test, germination speed index, final emergence and seedling length. The obtained results permit to be concluded that, seed vigor of maize is reduced by seed treatments, and storage. Micronutrients addition resulted in higher reduction in seeds vigor, regardless of storage time. Treatments did not affect the germination up to 45 days of storage. The treatment with the combinations of fungicide, insecticide and inoculant proved to be feasible, and presented as the most promising seed treatments. It is recommended that the treatment of maize seeds should be carried out as close as possible to the sowing. Atualmente, o tratamento químico tem sido uma realidade para aumentar o potencial de emergência das sementes, principalmente daquelas espécies de alto valor comercial, como os híbridos de milho. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a germinação e o vigor das sementes de milho submetidas a diferentes produtos e períodos de armazenamento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com quatro repetições. Na parcela foram distribuídos nove tratamentos: uma testemunha não tratada, um tratamento denominado de "tratamento padrão", que incluiu a adição do fungicida e o inseticida. A partir do tratamento padrão, seis tratamentos incluíram diferentes combinações com o inoculante, os micronutrientes e o biorregulador, com a finalidade de estudar o efeito isolado dos produtos. Por fim, um tratamento denominado de "tratamento completo", que incluiu a adição de todos os produtos, simulando situação de alto investimento no tratamento de sementes. Na subparcela, foram avaliados os períodos de armazenamento de 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 e 90 dias. Em cada período, foram realizados os testes: primeira contagem e contagem final do teste de germinação, teste de frio modificado, índice de velocidade de emergência, emergência final e comprimento de plântulas. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que, o vigor das sementes de milho é reduzido pelos tratamentos de sementes e pelo armazenamento. A adição de micronutrientes resultou em maior redução no vigor das sementes, independente do período de armazenamento. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos de sementes na germinação até 45 dias de armazenamento. O uso de fungicida, inseticida e inoculante se mostram viáveis, como os mais promissores tratamentos de sementes. O tratamento de sementes de milho deve ser realizado o mais próximo possível da semeadura. ix, 42 f

Grey leaf spot is one of the most important foliar diseases of maize (Zea mays L.) in Brazil. Previous studies have shown that three Cercospora species can be associated with this disease in the country: C. zeina, C. zeae-maydis and C. sorghi var. maydis; however, still there are limited information about the occurrence of these species in the major maize producing areas, as well as the spatial distribution of these species in maize fields is unknown. The aims of this work were: (i) to identify the Cercospora species occurring in the major maize producing areas of Goiás and Paraná States; (ii) to analyze the spatial distribution of these species in maize fields; (iii) to characterize representative isolates these species based on sequence analyze of ITS-5.8s gene rDNA, and on some phenotypic traits, such as colony morphology and coloration, mycelial growth, morphology of conidia and conidiophores, and pathogenicity. Molecular identification was based on PCR with species-specific primers for C. zeina e C. zeae-maydis. Cercospora sorghi var. maydis was identified based on comparison of their ITS-5.8S rDNA sequences with sequences of Cercospora from GenBank. In the first aim, among the 75 single spore isolates from different areas of Goiás and the 74 isolates from Paraná, C. zeina was the predominant species (90.7 % of isolates) over C. zeae-maydis (9.3 % of isolates) in Goiás, and also predominant (97.3 %) over C. sorghi var. maydis (2.7 % of isolates) in Paraná. The spatial distribution study in one hectare divided in 25 quadrats showed that isolates collected in a field located in Montividiu (n=43) and Rio Verde (n=89) State of Goiás, and isolates from Maringá (n=120), State of Paraná, were C. zeina. The phylogenetic tree inferred with ITS-5.8S rDNA sequences showed that the 16 isolates representatives of C. zeina, the six isolates of C. zeae-maydis and the two isolates of C. sorghi var. maydis formed well-supported groups, with bootstrap support of 84, 89 and 98% to respectively. The comparison of phenotypic traits showed that C. sorghi var. maydis presented higher mycelial growth rate than the others species, and that C. zeina presented lower growth rate then C. zeae-maydis and C. sorghi var. maydis. The distinction between C. zeina and C. zeae-maydis was not conclusive based upon conidia and conidiophores vi morphology. However, these traits allowed to distinguish C. sorghi var. maydis from the other two species. The pathogenicity test, carried out in greenhouse with partial control of temperature and humidity, with plants inoculated at the growth stage V3 by placing colonized sorghum seeds into the whorl of the plants, revealed that only C. zeina and C. zeae-maydis were pathogenic to maize. Significant differences in aggressiveness were found among isolates of the same species and also among isolates of C. zeina and C. zeae-maydis. The aggressiveness average of C. zeae-maydis isolates was significantly higher than the aggressiveness average of C. zeina isolates. a mancha foliar de cercospora é uma das principais doenças foliares do milho no brasil. estudos prévios mostraram que três espécies de cercospora estão associadas à doença, como: c. zeina, c. zeae-maydis e c. sorghi var. maydis. no entanto, são poucas as informações disponíveis sobre a ocorrência dessas espécies nas principais regiões produtoras de milho do país. este estudo teve por objetivo: (i) identificar as espécies de cercospora que ocorrem associadas às lesões de cercosporiose em regiões produtoras de milho dos estados de goiás e paraná; (ii) analisar a distribuição espacial das espécies de cercospora em áreas de cultivo de milho dos estados de goiás e paraná, mediante levantamento por quadrantes; e (iii) caracterizar isolados representativos das espécies de cercospora encontradas no estudo, analisando-se sequências da região its-gene 5.8s do rdna, e atributos fenotípicos, como morfologia e coloração de colônias, crescimento micelial, morfologia de conídios e conidióforos e patogenicidade. para a identificação das espécies c. zeina e c. zeae-maydis foram utilizados oligonucleotídeos (primers) espécie-específicos e a identificação de c. sorghi var. maydis foi feita pela comparação de sequências da região its-gene 5.8s do rdna dos isolados com sequências de cercospora do genbank. a análise de 75 isolados de culturas monospóricas obtidas de folhas de milho com lesões, oriundas de diferentes regiões de goiás mostrou a predominância da espécie c. zeina (90.7 % dos isolados), seguida por c. zeae-maydis (9.3 % dos isolados). no paraná, foram obtidos 74 isolados monoconidiais e também houve a predominância de c. zeina (97.3 % dos isolados), seguida de c. sorghi var. maydis (2.7 % dos isolados). a análise espacial feita em 25 quadrantes de 400 m2, totalizando 1 hectare, em duas áreas de goiás, montividiu e rio verde, com 43 e 89 isolados, respectivamente e uma lavoura de milho em maringá, paraná, com 120 isolados, mostrou a presença apenas de c. zeina. a árvore filogenética inferida com base nas sequências de rdna mostrou que os 16 isolados de c. zeina, seis isolados de c. zeae-maydis e dois isolados de c. sorghi var. maydis formaram grupos separados, com suporte estatístico de bootstrap de 98, 89 e 84 %, respectivamente. quanto à caracterização fenotípica, c. sorghi var. maydis apresentou iv maior crescimento micelial em relação às demais espécies, e c. zeina apresentou crescimento mais lento. foi possível diferenciar os isolados de c. sorghi var. maydis em relação às espécies c. zeina e c. zeae-maydis com base na morfologia de conídios, porém não foi possível diferenciar conclusivamente a espécie c. zeina de c. zeae-maydis. a análise da patogenicidade foi realizada em casa de vegetação, as plantas no estádio v3 foram inoculadas mediante a deposição de 15 sementes de sorgo colonizadas pelos fungos no cartucho das plantas. apenas c. zeina e c. zeae-maydis foram patogênicas ao milho. a análise da agressividade dos isolados por contrastes múltiplos mostrou diferenças significativas de agressividade entre isolados da mesma espécie e entre isolados das duas espécies, em que a agressividade média de isolados de c. zeae-maydis foi superior à média de agressividade de isolados de c. zeina. viii, 52 f

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:07:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982007000400011.pdf: 57457 bytes, checksum: 6e61e871971c137d82df0b52c8f84b73 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982007000400011.pdf: 57457 bytes, checksum: 6e61e871971c137d82df0b52c8f84b73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T20:11:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982007000400011.pdf: 57457 bytes, checksum: 6e61e871971c137d82df0b52c8f84b73 (MD5) S1516-35982007000400011.pdf.txt: 32140 bytes, checksum: 614a1547596ce5e41c16b1da2f02f231 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:18:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982007000400011.pdf: 57457 bytes, checksum: 6e61e871971c137d82df0b52c8f84b73 (MD5) S1516-35982007000400011.pdf.txt: 32140 bytes, checksum: 614a1547596ce5e41c16b1da2f02f231 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:18:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982007000400011.pdf: 57457 bytes, checksum: 6e61e871971c137d82df0b52c8f84b73 (MD5) S1516-35982007000400011.pdf.txt: 32140 bytes, checksum: 614a1547596ce5e41c16b1da2f02f231 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-01 Avaliaram-se a digestibilidade ileal e a retenção de alguns nutrientes e os valores de energia de dietas contendo mananoligossacarídeo (MOS) e/ou complexo enzimático (CE) para frangos de corte. Foram utilizadas 275 aves em delineamento em blocos ao acaso e arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 + 1, com dois níveis de MOS (0 e 0,1%), dois níveis de complexo enzimático (0 e 0,05%) e uma dieta controle positivo com antibióticos. O óxido crômico (0,5%) foi adicionado às dietas para estimativa do fator de indigestibilidade. O experimento teve início quando as aves completaram 13 dias de idade; a coleta de excretas foi realizada do 20º ao 22º dia e a de digesta, no 23º dia de idade das aves. A interação MOS × CE foi significativa para a retenção de PB e P e de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA), cujos valores foram maiores nas dietas com MOS e CE. A inclusão do CE melhorou a retenção de MS e os coeficientes de digestibilidade ileal de MS, PB, Ca e P na retenção de cálcio e nos valores de energia digestível com a inclusão de mananoligossacarídeo. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade ileal da MS, a retenção de MS, PB, Ca e P e os valores de energia digestível e de EMA das dietas contendo MOS e/ou CE foram superiores aos obtidos com a dieta contendo antibióticos. The ileal digestibility and retention of some nutrients and the energy content were evaluated in diets for broilers containing mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) and/or enzymatic complex (EC). Two hundred and seventy-five birds were used in a randomized complete block design, with factorial arrangement (2 x 2 + 1) of the treatments, with two MOS levels (0 and 0.1%), two EC levels (0 and 0.05%) and a positive control diet with antibiotics. Chromic oxide (0.5%) was added to the diets to estimate the indigestibility factor. The experiment started when the birds reached 13 days of age, the excreta collection was performed from the 20th to the 22nd day and the digesta collection at the 23rd day of age of the birds. The interaction MOS x EC was significant for CP and P retention and for apparent metabolizable energy (AME), whose values were higher in diets with MOS and EC. EC inclusion improved DM retention and there was an improvement on ileal digestibility coefficient of DM, CP, Ca and P, Ca retention, and digestible energy values due to MOS inclusion. Ileal digestibility coefficients of DM, and DM, CP, Ca and P retention, as well as AME values were higher in diets containing MOS and/or EC compared with the diets containing antibiotics. Universidade de Rio Verde Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Departamento de Zootecnia UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:13:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:31:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-736X2017000400325.pdf: 863385 bytes, checksum: 499cb32239b1b6557dea17a7022ed660 (MD5) Septic arthritis is a debilitating joint infectious disease of equines that requires early diagnosis and immediate therapeutic intervention to prevent degenerative effects on the articular cartilage, as well as loss of athletic ability and work performance of the animals. Few studies have investigated the etiological complexity of this disease, as well as multidrug resistance of isolates. In this study, 60 horses with arthritis had synovial fluid samples aseptically collected, and tested by microbiological culture and in vitro susceptibility test (disk diffusion) using nine antimicrobials belonging to six different pharmacological groups. Bacteria were isolated in 45 (75.0%) samples, as follows: Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (11=18.3%), Escherichia coli (9=15.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (6=10.0%), Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (5=8.3%), Staphylococcus intermedius (2=3.3%), Proteus vulgaris (2=3.3%), Trueperella pyogenes (2=3.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2=3.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1=1.7%), Rhodococcus equi (1=1.7%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (1=1.7%), Klebsiella oxytoca (1=1.7%), Nocardia asteroides (1=1.7%), and Enterobacter cloacae (1=1.7%). Ceftiofur was the most effective drug (> 70% efficacy) against the pathogens in the disk diffusion test. In contrast, high resistance rate (> 70% resistance) was observed to penicillin (42.2%), enrofloxacin (33.3%), and amikacin (31.2%). Eleven (24.4%) isolates were resistant to three or more different pharmacological groups and were considered multidrug resistant strains. The present study emphasizes the etiological complexity of equine septic arthritis, and highlights the need to institute treatment based on the in vitro susceptibility pattern, due to the multidrug resistance of isolates. According to the available literature, this is the first report in Brazil on the investigation of the etiology. of the septic arthritis in a great number of horses associated with multidrug resistance of the isolates. Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Cx. Postal 560 Departamento de Clínica Médica de Grandes Animais Universidade de Rio Verde (UniRV), Cx. Postal 104 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reprodução Animal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ) Universidade de São Pulo (USP), Cx. Postal 225 Médica Veterinária Autônoma, Av. Panamericana, Carrera 13, dBarrio Ciudad Jardin Pós-doutor pela Mississippi State University USA. Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Cx. Postal 560