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The fruitfulness of the method of a non-equilibrium statistical operator (NSO) and generalized linear response theory is demonstrated calculating the permittivity, dynamical conductivity, absorption coefficient, and dynamical collision frequency of plasmas in the degenerate, metallic state as well as classical plasmas. A wide range of plasma parameters is considered, and a wide range of frequencies of laser radiation acting on such plasmas is treated. New analytical expressions for the plasma response are obtained by this method, and several limiting cases are discussed.

The one-dimensional unconventional Hubbard model with alternating on-site interaction at odd ( U o ) and even ( U e ) lattice sites is analytically studied in the weak-coupling regime. The existence of unequal on-site repulsion ( U o ≠ U e ) makes a dramatic impact on the charge excitation behavior in one dimension. At quarter filling, the alternating Hubbard interaction leads to the occurrence of umklapp processes and to the generation of a charge gap. As usual, the low-energy spin excitation is still massless. The ground state shows insulating behavior, characterized by the coexisting spin-density-wave and charge-density-wave instabilities.

Bio-based carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have received considerable research attention due to their comparative advantages of high level stability, simplistic use, low toxicity and overall environmental friendliness. New potentials for improvement in heat transfer applications are presented due to their high aspect ratio, high thermal conductivity and special surface area. Phonons have been identified as being responsible for thermal conductivities in carbon nanotubes. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of heat conduction in CNTs involves investigating the difference between the varieties of phonon modes and knowing the kinds of phonon modes that play the dominant role. In this review, a reference to a different number of studies is made and in addition, the role of phonon relaxation rate mainly controlled by boundary scattering and three-phonon Umklapp scattering process was investigated. Results show that the phonon modes are sensitive to a number of nanotube conditions such as: diameter, length, temperature, defects and axial strain. At a low temperature (, {"references":["S. K. Das, S. U. Choi, W. Yu, and T. Pradeep, Nanofluids: science and technology: John Wiley & Sons, 2007.","X. Qi, C. Qin, W. Zhong, C. Au, X. Ye, and Y. Du, \"Large-scale synthesis of carbon nanomaterials by catalytic chemical vapor deposition: a review of the effects of synthesis parameters and magnetic properties,\" Materials, vol. 3, pp. 4142-4174, 2010.","S. U. S. Choi and J. A. Eastman, Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles, 1995.","S.-S. Choi, \"Nanofluid technology: current status and future research,\" Argonne National Lab., IL (US)1998.","Y. Arai, Y. Sako and Y. Takebayashi (Eds). Supercritical fluids: Molecular interactions, physical properties and new applications. Springer science & business media, 2013. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-56238-9.","P. Kim, L. Shi, A. 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We present experiments on the magnetic-field-dependent thermal transport in the spin-1/2 ladder system (C5H12N)(2)CuBr4. The thermal conductivity kappa(B) is only weakly affected by the field-induced transitions between the gapless Luttinger-liquid state realized for B-c1 < B < B-c2 and the gapped states, suggesting the absence of a direct contribution of the spin excitations to the heat transport. We observe, however, that the thermal conductivity is strongly suppressed by the magnetic field deeply within the Luttinger-liquid state. These surprising observations are discussed in terms of localization of spinons within finite ladder segments and spinon-phonon umklapp scattering of the predominantly phononic heat transport.

Coherent folded longitudinal acoustic phonons in a GaAs/AlAs long-period superlattice (SL) have been investigated by using a reflection-type two-color pump–probe technique under the condition that the wave vector of the probe pulse in the sample exceeds the mini-Brillouin zone. The coherent oscillations observed in the time-domain signals indicate the propagation of the phonon wave packet through the whole SL layer. The Fourier transform spectrum of the time-domain signals is compared with the dispersion relation of the folded longitudinal acoustic phonons in the long-period SL calculated using a transfer matrix method on the bases of an elastic continuum model. This comparison indicates that the folded longitudinal acoustic phonons in the long-period SL are observed through the umklapp process.

We report a resistive investigation of superconductivity in the system La2 - xSrxCuO4 - y on samples which have been analysed by thermogravimetric techniques for oxygen deficiency determination. A maximum superconductive transition temperature is observed in La2 - xSr xCuO4 - y near the tetragonal-orthorhombic phase transition, together with a resurgence of high temperature superconductivity in non-substituted La2CuO4 - y. Drastic localization effects are observed in the vicinity of x = 0.04 with no sign of superconductivity at low temperature. These observations are coherent with a simple BCS scheme with a band filling dominated by Sr-doping and localization effects dominated by an interplay between 0 vacancies and Sr-doping. This situation leads to half-filling of the band near x = 0.04 with enhanced electron localization via Umklapp scattering through a near nested Fermi surface. Moreover, our data suggest some contribution of antiferromagnetic fluctuations to the superconducting pairing mechanism.