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A 74-year-old man underwent transurethral resection for a bladder tumor (TURBT). The pathological diagnosis was urothelial carcinoma, grade 3 pT2 at least. He desired preservation of the bladder. Thus, MEC (methotrexate 100-150 mg/body (day 1), etoposide 100 mg/m2 (day 2-4), cisplatin 20 mg/m2 (day 2-6)) chemotherapy was administered for 2 courses. The next year, he had a relapse in the bladder, and the pathological diagnosiswasurothelial carcinoma, grade 2 pTa and pTis. He underwent Calmette-Guerin Bacillus (BCG) immunotherapy for 6 courses that resulted in a complete response without recurrence for 6 years. Six months after the latest examination, he complained of difficulty in voiding. An 8 cm tumor in the bladder and enlargement of obturator lymph node were detected. The pathological diagnosis by TURBT was small cell carcinoma. He rejected cystectomy, so we applied MEC therapy again. After 2 courses of MEC therapy, the bladder tumor and lymphadenopathy markedly shrunk in image and almost disappeared subsequently. The patient refused further therapy, but he had been followed without recurrence for 48 monthsafter the chemotherapy.

We report a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in bladder diverticulum producing granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). A 59-year-old man complaining of hematuria and right hip pain was admitted with a large cancer in the bladder diverticulum. His laboratory data showed leukocytosis of 20, 100/ μ l (neutrophils : 92%) with an elevated G-CSF of 76. 6 pg/ml in the peripheral blood. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy (gemcitabine and cisplatin), radical cystectomy was performed to normalize serum leukocytosis and G-CSF. Histopathological diagnosis was G-CSF-producing SCC pT4N0. He appeared with left pelvic lymph node metastasis and right pulmonary metastasis 3 months after surgery. Therefore, he was treated with four courses of combination chemotherapy (paclitaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin) and radiation therapy at left pelvic lymph node metastasis. Computed tomography after these treatments showed complete response. The patient is alive with no evidence of tumor 16 months after surgery.

A 67-year-old female was hospitalized with back pain. Computed tomography (CT) incidentally revealed a tumor in her left kidney tumor (33 mm) and bilateral breast tumors. She underwent a breast biopsy and was diagnosed with breast cancer (invasive lobular cancer, cT2N0M0). The renal tumor was suspected to be clear cell carcinoma, cT1aN0M0, based on contrast-enhanced CT. Surgery was considered necessary for both the breast cancer and renal tumor. First, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed for the renal tumor. However, the lateroconal fascia adhered strongly to the perirenal fat, and so simple nephrectomy was carried out after conversion to open surgery. The perirenal fat was also excised after the nephrectomy. A histopathological examination revealed clear cell carcinoma and renal invasion by invasive lobular cancer cells. Also, scattered metastases were detected in the perirenal fat and the lateroconal fascia. So, it was considered that retroperitoneal metastases from the breast cancer had directly invaded the kidney. After the operation, the patient received hormonal therapy for her breast cancer, and she was still alive and symptom-free 5 months after the operation.

A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for urachal carcinoma with peritoneal dissemination. He received first-line chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin. After the fifth cycle, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed abdominal fluid, and his serum tumor marker levels were increased. The patient was started on second-line therapy with FOLFIRI. After 11 cycles, his tumor decreased in size and no new metastatic lesions were detected. The patient underwent complete tumor resection with partial cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. The tumor was removed, along with adhering surrounding organs, including the omentum, peritoneum, abdominal rectus muscle, and vermiform appendix. Although pathological examination confirmed peritoneal dissemination, his tumor markers normalized soon after surgery. The patient has survived 62 months after surgery without any adjuvant therapy and with no evidence of recurrence. To our knowledge, this is the longest duration of survival without recurrence of a patient with urachal carcinoma with peritoneal dissemination who received multimodal therapy.

Inverted papilloma of the bladder is an uncommon urothelial neoplasm. Although it is traditionally regarded as a benign tumor, there are conflicting data on multiplicity, reccurence rate, and association with urothelial carcinoma. From 2005 to 2011, 14 cases of inverted papilloma of the bladder were diagnosed at our hospital. Clinical features of 14 cases were summarized. These patients ranged in age from 25 to 81 years (mean, 61 years). The most frequently occurring symptom was gross hematuria. Eleven bladder tumors arose from the trigone or near the bladder neck. One case was associated with urothelial carcinoma. One was suspected to be a case of tumor recurrence. All other patients were free of tumor recurrence during the mean follow-up of 16.4 months (range, 0-75 months). This study does not suggest the malignant potential of inverted papilloma. However, since inverted papilloma may correlate with urothelial carcinoma. Post-treatment follow up for inverted papilloma should include cystoscopic follow up.

A 64-year-old man presented with gross hematuria. Physical examination showed a mass under the phimotic foreskin. Circumcision revealed a 2cm polypoid tumor on the inner layer of prepuce. Tumor resection was performed and pathological diagnosis was carcinosarcoma which was composed of squamous cell carcinoma and spindle cell sarcoma. Biopsy of the scar lesions revealed residual squamous cell carcinoma and computed tomographic scan revealed swollen inguinal lymph nodes. Partial penectomy and lymph node biopsy were performed. Pathological examination revealed residual squamous cell carcinoma and no lymph node metastasis. There was no recurrence for one year. We report this very rare case of carcinosarcoma of the penis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose docetaxel, estramustine and dexamethasone combination chemotherapy in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Sixty-nine patients with HRPC were enrolled. Docetaxel was given at a dose of 25 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks, oral estramustine 280 mg twice daily on days 1 to 3 and 8 to 10, and oral dexamethasone 1mg daily throughout the course. Cycles were repeated every 21 days. Treatment was continued until disease progression or excessive toxicity. Patients were evaluated for response and toxicity. Patients received a median of eleven cycles (range : 1-25). Prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) was decreased greater than 50% in 53 (77%) out of 69 patients and median duration of PSA response was 10.2 months. Median time to progression and overall survival 10.2 and 24 months, respectively. Grade 1-2 fatigue was the most common toxicity observed in 10 (15%) patients. Grade 3-4 toxicities were observed in five (7%) patients (2 thrombosis, 2 bilirubin elevation, and 1 aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase elevation). Low-dose docetaxel, estramustine and dexamethasone combination chemotherapy is an effective and well tolerated treatment for Japanese HRPC patients.

A 5-month-old-male was brought to our hospital in April 2004 with left scrotal swelling. His serum alpha-fetoprotein AFP and human chorionic gonadotropin-β levels were 6, 862.9 and ＜ 0.1 ng/ml, respectively. Computed tomography (CT) revealed no metastasis. Left high ligation of testis was performed. Pathological examination demonstrated Yolk sac tumor. He is alive without evidence of recurrence for 53 months postoperatively.

テトラヒドロフランの開環重合によりポリテトロヒドロフランを作成し、この高分子の希薄溶液において同一分子鎖の末端同士を反応させることにより環状高分子を作成した。合成した環状高分子および直鎖状高分子の分子量は約5,000でその分子量分布は1.14であった。両高分子を融体から広い温度範囲で等温結晶化させた。結晶化速度の温度依存性は両高分子とも釣鐘型の曲線を示し、明瞭な極大結晶化速度(G_)が得られた。環状高分子のG_値は直鎖状高分子のG_の約40近くまで減少した。環状高分子の速度が遅くなる理由として多くの原因が考えられるが、主に環状分子のトポロジカルな立体構造に原因すると考えられる。また、球晶構造にも大きな違いが見出された。環状高分子は同心円状の球晶が観察されるが、直鎖状高分子は一般に観察される負の球晶が得られた。環状高分子ではトポロジカルな影響から高分子鎖の折りたたみ方向が上下のラメラ面で異なり、この違いがラメラの捩れを発現させ、球晶のパターンが同心円状になったと考えられる。, Cyclic poly (tetrahydrofuran)s (Mn of ca. 5,000) were been prepared through the metathesis polymer cyclization of a telechelic precursor having allyl groups in the presence of a Grubbs catalyst, and the subsequent hydrogenation of the linking in the presence of an Adams' catalyst (PtO_2). A remarkable topology effect was subsequently been observed upon the isothermal crystallization of the model polymer, showing distinctive spherulite growths rate and spherulite morphologies in comparison with the relevant linear poly (tetrahydrofuran) counterpart. The maximum growth rate of the ring polymer reduced about 40% against the linear polymer. The reduction of the growth rate in the ring polymer might be ascribed either to the conformational entropy in the molten state, to the adsorption mechanism on the crystal growth front in the secondary nucleation process, to the chain folding surface energy, or topological effect of the molecular arrangement from the melt on the crystal surface. The spherulite of the linear polymer showed a negative birefringence, as normally observed in polymer spherulites. On the contrary, the ring polymer showed a negative spherulite with a banded structure with a concentric ring., この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。

Silodosin (URIEF), a new so-called 3rd generation alpha-1 blocker, is widely expected to be effective and useful for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), due to its high specificity to alpha-1A receptor. We evaluated the efficacy of Silodosin, on 187 males 50 years old or over with the diagnosis of BPH. Silodosin significantly improved the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and quality of life (QOL) score from the day after administration was started. Among 166 patients whose data were available for the analysis of efficacy of Silodosin, 77.5% showed apparent subjective improvement. Eighty three patients, who had been taking another alpha-1 blocker but without satisfactory effects, showed almost the same improvements in IPSS and QOL score after switching to Silodosin as the remaining 83 patients who had no preceding treatment with an alpha-1 blocker. The improvements were not only in voiding symptoms but also in storage symptoms. The patients, who had serious storage symptoms, responded rather well to Silodosin and showed significant improvement. Taken together, Silodosin showed a quick effect for improving subjective symptoms and QOL, and was found to be useful for the management of LUTS with BPH., 2006年11月～2007年10月の前立腺肥大症166例(年齢69.9±6.4歳)を対象にシロドシン服用後超早期での有効性を検討した。シロドシン8mg/日を2週間処方し、排尿症状日誌に国際前立腺症状スコア(IPSS)、QOLスコア、BPH impact indexを記入してもらい、効果判定を行った。その結果、IPSSは服用開始後1、2、3日目と低下し、いずれの観察日も開始時と有意差を認め、14日目は更に低下した。QOLスコアも同様に有意な低下を示し、IPSSとQOLスコアの相関関係を認めた。また、α1遮断薬から切り替えた患者とα1遮断薬を初めて服用した患者との比較では、両群とも服用後1日目からIPSSは有意に低下して14日目まで低下し続け、2群間に有意差は認めなかった。14日目の治療判定ではExcellent 25例、Well 99例、Poor 36例であり、Poor例はいずれの観察日もIPSSの低下を認めなかった。IPSSのサブスコアの排尿、蓄尿症状の変化量は服用後1日目より有意に改善し、蓄尿症状重症例においても同様に1日目より有意に改善効果を認めた。副作用は187例中23例(12.3%)に認め、下痢が11例5.9%と最も多く、重篤な副作用は認めず、高齢により高くなる傾向は認めなかった。以上よりシロドシンの早期からの効果が判明し、無効な症例では早い時点で適した薬剤・治療法の提供が可能になると考えた。

症例1(54歳男性)。健診で左腎腫瘍を指摘され, 画像所見により腎細胞癌が疑われた。初診1ヵ月後に左腎部分切除術を施行したところ, 病理組織学的所見では腫瘍は小型均一な腫瘍細胞が構成する乳頭管状構築からなっており, 免疫組織化学的所見ではCD57, WT-1が陽性であった。以上より, 本症例は後腎性腺腫と診断され, 術後1年経過現在, 再発の徴候はみられていない。症例2(40歳男性)。左側腹部痛を主訴とした。エコー上, 軽度の左水腎が認められ, CTでは左腎盂に造影効果を伴う壁肥厚が確認された。また, 左逆行性腎盂造影では上部尿管の狭窄がみられ, 尿管鏡下腎盂生検で尿路上皮癌G2と診断された。初発症状から2ヵ月後, 左腎尿管全摘除術を施行したところ, 切除腎の実質内に微小結節が偶発的に見い出され, 病理組織学的所見等により小型ながら後腎性腺腫に相当するものと考えられた。目下, 術後より10ヵ月経過で再発の徴候はみられていない。, We report 2 cases of metanephric adenoma a rare form of adenoma. One case occurred in a 54-year-old male preoperatively diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma who underwent left partial nephrectomy for a tumor 2 cm in size. Histology revealed a tumor with papillotubular structures consisting of small, uniform tumor cells. In immunohistochemical staining, tumor cells were positive for CD57 and WT-1. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with metanephric adenoma. The other case occurred in a 40-year-old male who underwent left nephroureterectomy for carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Carcinoma of the left renal pelvis was diagnosed as pT3N0M0. Incidental micronodules 2 mm in size and consisting of immature tubular structures were noted in the renal cortex. In immunohistochemical staining, tumor cells were positive for CD57 and WT-1, and the patient was diagnosed with metanephric adenoma. The aforementioned tumors frequently occur in middle-aged women and are often well-defined tumors that project from the renal surface outwards. On angiography, they have a hypovascular pattern and resemble papillary renal carcinoma. Preoperative differentiation of renal cell carcinoma and nephroblastoma is difficult. Mistaking such tumors for malignant tumors and subjecting patients to unnecessary adjuvant therapy must be avoided.

前立腺全摘除術132例中31例(23%, 平均年齢65.4歳)に認めた前立腺特異抗原(PSA)≦4のPSA低値癌とPSA>4の101例(平均年齢65.7歳)の病理組織を比較し, 癌発見までのPSA推移について検討した。全摘標本の病理結果ではpT2, 被膜外浸潤, 精嚢浸潤, リンパ節転移の割合はいずれも有意差を認めなかった。直腸内触診(DRE)陽性率はPSA低値癌症例が20%に対しPSA>4症例は44%であり, PSA低値癌で有意にT1c癌を多く認めたが, 精嚢浸潤を認めた3例はすべてDRE陽性であった。癌診断前に1年以上PSA値を複数回測定したPSA低値癌症例の19例のうち74%が, PSA変化率0.50ng/ml/yearかつPSA倍加時間4年未満であった。「PSA値がその個人において以前確認された値に戻らない」という相対的異常は生検適応基準の1つの目安と考えられる。, Out of 132 prostate cancer (Pca) patients who underwent radical prostatectomy 31 (mean age 65 +/- 5 years) had prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels of 4.0 ng/ml or less (low PSA group). The average PSA level was 3.3 +/- 0.5 ng/ml in the low PSA group and 8.5 +/- 5.5 ng/ml in patients with a higher PSA (high PSA group). The pT2 ratio of the radical prostatectomy specimens was 74% (23/31) in the low PSA group and 55% (55/101) in the high PSA group, pT3a was 16% (5/31) and 31% (31/101), pT3b was 10% (3/31) and 10% (10/101), pN1 was 0% and 5% (5/101), respectively. The digital rectal examination (DRE) gave a positive result significantly (p = 0.026) less frequently in the low PSA group (6/31 : 20%), than in the high PSA group (44/101 : 44%). However all three pT3b patients with a low PSA were positive in DRE. This suggests the importance of DRE to detect significant Pca with PSA < or = 4.0. PSA was measured at least three times for more than one year in 19 of the 31 patients with a low PSA level before diagnosis. In 14 of these 19 cases (74%), PSA velocity was more than 0.5 ng/ml/ year and PSA doubling time was less than 4 years. Some patients with significant Pca can not be detected with a PSA cutoff level at 4.0 ng/ml. We recommend that individuals have their own PSA levels, and that long-term changes of PSA are sometimes very important to detect cases of Pca with lower PSA.

62歳男。患者は無症候性肉眼的血尿を主訴とした。腹部エコーならびに腹部造影CT上より右腎に大きさ8cmの腫瘤が認められ, 右根治的腎摘術が施行された。病理所見では淡明細胞癌, G2>G1, pT1bN0M0の診断で, 術後は天然型Interferon-alpha(IFN-α)が10ヵ月投与された。しかし3年後, 腹部造影CTで左腎に腫瘤が確認され, 左腎部部分切除術が行われ, 術後は組換型IFN-α2bが1年間投与された。以後, 2年経過で胸部CT上で左S3b領域に腫瘤が認められ, 左肺上葉切除術が施行されたが, 9ヵ月後に左腎および副腎の再発を認めた。治療として左腎と副腎の部分切除術が行われたが, 3ヵ月後に再発し, リンパ節転移も認めた。IFN-α, MVP療法を施行したものの, 10ヵ月後にこれを中断, 20ヵ月生存し, 初診から9年後に患者は死亡となった。, A 62-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of asymptomatic gross hematuria. Right radical Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated an 8 cm mass in the right kidney. nephrectomy was done in March 1995, and the pathological examination revealed renal cell carcinoma (RCC), clear cell type, G2>G1. Interferon (IFN)-alpha was administered for 10 months. About 3 years later, in March 1998, CT showed 1 cm mass in the left kidney. Left partial nephrectomy was done and the pathological finding was RCC, G1. IFN-alpha2b was administered for a year. About 2 years later, CT showed 2.7 cm mass in the left lung. Left upper lobectomy was performed in August 2000, and it was a metastasis of RCC, G2. IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma were administered. Nine months later, in June 2001, the recurrence of the left kidney and the left adrenal gland was found and partial nephrectomy and adrenalectomy was performed. Pathological finding was RCC, G3. IFN-alpha and tegafur-uracil (UFT) were administered. Only 3 months later, recurrence of the left kidney and the left adrenal gland and the lymph node of renal hilus was found. We gave up for surgical resection and chemotherapy of MVP (Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Pepleomycin) was performed. Despite the therapy, disease progressed. 10 months after the last recurrence, in July 2002, patient became disoriented and hypercalcemia and the MVP therapy was stopped. After that, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and UFT were administered; the patient lived 20 months with relatively good performance status and died in February 2004. MPA might be considered as a drug for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

66歳男。人間ドックで血清前立腺特異抗原異常高値, 排尿困難を訴え, 経尿道的前立腺切除術を行った。1年後PSAが低下後, 徐々に上昇したため再生検を勧めたが患者の同意を得られずPSAが13.2ng/mlになった時点で同意した。根治的前立腺全摘術を施行し, 病理所見は中分化癌で被膜浸潤はなく, 切除断端陰性であった。術後PSAが2.5ng/mlまでしか低下せず, 遠隔転移, 局所腫瘍残存を考えた。CT, MRI, 骨シンチを施行したが明らかな遠隔転移, 局所再発は認めなかった。病理組織を再検したところ尖部右側に充実胞巣状増殖を主体として, 少量の腺癌部分を混在する導管癌を認め, MAB療法, DES-DP大量療法を施行した。, A 66-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of a high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (6.9 ng/ml) and dysuria. Prostatic needle biopsies revealed no malignancy in January 1998 and February 1999 (PSA 8.0 ng/ml). Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) was performed in March 1999. Although none of the TURP specimen showed any malignancy, the PSA level remained high (3.7 ng/ml 1 year after the TURP), and gradually increased. About 3 years later, re-biopsy was done (PSA 13.2 ng/ml) and pathological finding was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (Gleason score 3 + 3 = 6). After 9-month MAB, radical prostatectomy (RP) was performed in January 2003 (PSA 4.2 ng/ml). Though the RP specimen showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with negative capsule penetration and negative surgical margins, PSA decreased to 2.5 ng/ml and gradually increased. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone scintigraphy showed neither distant metastasis nor local recurrence. Review of the RP specimen revealed ductal carcinoma with positive capsular penetration and suspicion of positive surgical margins. Although the patient was treated with maximum androgen blockade, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, and tegafururacil, PSA gradually increased and was kept at a high level (5-6 ng/ml). In December 2005, the patient complained of anal pain and MRI showed a 4.8 x 2.3 cm tumor in the prostatic bed. Needle biopsy of the tumor revealed ductal carcinoma (PSA 6.39 ng/ml). In January 2006 (PSA 11.9 ng/ml), we initiated a treatment with 66 Gy of intensity modulated radiation therapy. In November 2006, PSA decreased to 0.279 ng/ml, and the tumor reduced (3.8 x 1.0 cm) on MRI.

症例1:75歳男性。左腎細胞癌で根治的左腎摘除術を行い, 術後約1ヵ月頃より天然型インターフェロン(IFN)-α製剤300万単位週1回の投与を開始した。投与開始約6ヵ月後頃より体重減少を認め, 甲状腺機能検査にて遊離トリヨードサイロニン(fT3), 遊離サイロキシン(fT4)が上昇, 甲状腺刺激ホルモン(TSH)が低下し, 甲状腺刺激抗体(TSAb), 抗サイログロブリン抗体, 抗甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ抗体が陽性であった。IFN-α投与中止後, 自覚症状は改善し, 無治療にてfT3, fT4, TSHが正常化し, TSAbが陰転化した。症例2:44歳男性。左腎細胞癌で根治的左腎摘除術を行い, 術後約5ヵ月頃よりIFN-α製剤300万単位週2回の投与を開始した。投与開始約5ヵ月後に動悸, 体重減少, 全身倦怠感を認め, fT3, fT4が上昇, TSHが低下し, TSAbは陰性, 抗サイログロブリン抗体, 抗甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ抗体が陽性であった。IFN-α投与中止後, 無治療にて自覚症状は改善し, fT3, fT4が正常化したが, 同時にTSHが異常高値となりその後も持続している。インターフェロン治療による副作用の可能性を念頭に置き, 早期発見に努める必要があると考えられた。, Autoimmune thyroid disease is the result of a common side-effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) used to treat viral hepatitis C; but there have been few reports on thyroid disorders induced by IFN-a that was used to treat renal cell carcinoma. IFN-alpha therapy was conducted on two male patients, 75 and 44 years old, after radical nephrectomy. Six and five months, respectively, after this therapy, they complained of weight loss. Laboratory evaluation revealed hyperthyroidism; the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level fell below normal; and the serum free T3 and T4 levels increased above normal values. Two months after the termination of IFN-alpha therapy, their thyroid hormone levels returned to normal without the help of antithyroid agents. In observational studies, thyroid dysfunction has been reported in 0.6 to 30% of the patients who had been treated with IFN-alpha. Careful observation is necessary to watch for the possible development of thyroid disorder during IFN-alpha therapy for renal cell carcinoma.

56歳女。頻尿, 残尿感を主訴に受診するも異常所見を認めず, 6ヵ月後の経過観察中に排尿時痛, 夜間尿失禁が出現し, 1ヵ月後に尿閉, 両側水腎症を認め, 精査目的入院となった。異常所見はなく血清クレアチニンの軽度上昇と膿尿を認めるも尿培養は陰性で尿道カテーテル留置により水腎症は速やかに改善した。1週間後のカテーテル抜去の数時間後に水腎症は再発した。病理組織学的所見では悪性所見はなく全ての粘膜下に好酸球を主体とする炎症, 細胞の浸潤を認めたため好酸性膀胱炎と診断した.廃用性膀胱萎縮防止のため尿道カテーテルを抜去し自己導尿を指導した。プレドニゾロン, マレイン酸クロルフェニラミンを開始して自排尿量は増加し, 治療3ヵ月後には著明に改善した。水腎症, 膀胱壁肥厚の消失, 粘膜不整部の消失を認め11ヵ月経過して明らかな再発は認めていない。, A 56-year-old woman was referred to our hospital presenting with urinary retention. Ultrasonography revealed bilateral hydronephrosis and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed diffuse thickening of the bladder wall. The hydronephrosis was improved by urethral balloon catheter. A cystoscopic examination revealed papillary lesions, polypoid yellow lesions and gross mucosal edema in the whole bladder. Pathological examination of transurethral punch biopsy showed no malignancy but inflammatory infiltration in the submucosa of bladder wall with many eosinophils. She performed clean intermittent self-catheterization and was treated with corticosteroids and antihistaminics. Three months after diagnosis, conservative treatment resulted in an excellent relief of symptoms, decrement of residual urine and remission of the bladder lesions in cystoscopy. In women with urinary retention, eosinophilic cystitis (EC) must be considered in the differential diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of EC presenting with urinary retention reported in the Japanese literature.