Search

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the subtypes of diabetic macular edema refractory to vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treated with a single-dose dexamethasone (DEX) implant. Methods: In this retrospective study, 81 patients (118 eyes) with diabetic macular edema refractory to anti-VEGF treated with a single injection of DEX implant were evaluated. Diabetic macular edema was classified into four subtypes: Diffuse macular edema (DME) (n=36 eyes), cystoid macular edema (CME) (n=40 eyes), serous retinal detachment (SRD) (n=20 eyes), and cystoid macular degeneration (CMD) (n=22 eyes). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) changes in 2, 4, and 6 months were examined. Results: The baseline BCVA was significantly lower in CMD eyes compared with the CME eyes (p=0.005). The baseline CMT was significantly lower in CME eyes compared with CMD (n=0.002) and DME eyes (n=0.014). After the intravitreal DEX implant, BCVA increased significantly in the 2nd month in the SRD eyes (p=0.045), in the 4th month in the DME eyes (p=0.038), and in the 6th month in the CME eyes (p=0.014). BCVA changes in CMD eyes were not statistically significant for all months (p>0.05). The mean CMT of all groups decreased significantly in the 2nd month (p<0.001 for all). ΔCMT at 2 months was -231.20±221.12 µm in the SRD group, -112.97±141.02 µm in the CME group, -312.66±175.56 µm in the CMD group, and -190.77±173.04 µm in the DME group (p<0.001). According to post hoc Bonferroni analysis, ΔCMT was statistically significantly higher in CMD eyes than in CME eyes (p<0.001). Conclusion: Different subtypes of diabetic macular edema suggest different etiopathogenesis and drug responses. The eyes with the fastest onset of both morphological and functional improvement of intravitreal DEX implant were eyes with SRD. Although anatomical improvement began early in CME and DME eyes (2nd month), functional recovery begins later (4th and 6th month). The eyes with the least functional recovery were the eyes with CMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate and compare choroidal thickness in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and healthy controls.Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, forty eyes of 40 patients with FM and 40 eyes of 40 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. FM was diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. The choroidal thickness measurements of the subjects were obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (RTVue-100, Optovue). Widespread pain index (WPI), symptom severity scale (SSS), and fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ) scores were recorded. The choroidal thickness measurements of the groups were compared, and correlations among the WPI, SSS, and FIQ scores and these measurements were calculated.Results: Choroidal thicknesses at 1500 μm nasally were 198.5 ± 46.7 μm and 306.3 ± 85.4 μm; at 1000 μm nasally were 211.7 ± 50.2 μm and 310.05 ± 87.26 μm; at 500 μm nasally were 216 ± 55.05 μm and 311.5 ± 83.4 μm; at subfoveal region were 230.9 ± 58.4 μm and 332.4 ± 91.3 μm; at 500 μm temporally 227.5 ± 58.1 μm and 318.15 ± 92.3 μm; at 1000 μm temporally 224.5 ± 57.07 μm and 315.1 ± 84.2 μm; at 1500 μm temporally 212.5 ± 56.08 μm and 312.9 ± 87.8 μm in the FM and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Choroidal thicknesses were thinner at all measurement location, except temporal 1000 and 1500 in patients with FIQ score ≥50 than in FIQ score <50.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that choroidal thickness decreases in patients with FM and correlated with disease activity. This choroidal changes might be related with the alterations in autonomic nervous system functioning. Further studies are needed to evaluate the etiopathologic relationship between choroidal thickness and FM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), is a vasoprolipherative disorder of the immature retina and a major cause of preventable blindness in childhood. Although the development of ROP is multifactorial, the main reasons are lower gestational age and birth weight. However, in twins their gestational ages were the same, ROP development can be discordant. This study aims to evaluate the etiologic factors of discordant ROP development in twins., Methods: We reviewed the last 5 years' records and found the twins whose discordant ROP development. This discordance was; 1. Different stages of ROP, 2. One sibling treated the other is not, 3. One sibling has aggressive posterior ROP the other is not, 4. one sibling has more influenced area as zones the other is not. We documented some data of these twins, as birth order, birth weight, resuscitation at birth, morbidities, the number of hemotransfusion, age of regaining birth weight, relative weight gain at 28 weeks., Results: A total of 26 cases of 13 twins were evaluated. The mean gestational age and birth weight of the whole study group were 27.7 ± 2, and 1053 ±  364 grams, respectively. We found that more transfused preterm baby in twins is more likely to show severe ROP. Additionally, sepsis and the duration of mechanical ventilation may be risk factors for more severe ROP in twins., Conclusions: We can reduce discordant retinopathy in less than 32-weeks premature twins by using methods such as cord milking and by improving non-invasive ventilation modalities.