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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the behaviour of ultrasound biomarkers of fascicle density and muscle strength in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional pilot study of 14 patients with ALS (28.6% women) and 14 controls. Bilateral cross-sectional ultrasound scans were performed in the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, with recording of muscle thickness (MT) at rest and in contraction, and the difference in thickness. In the median, sciatic, and common peroneal nerves, we analysed the cross-sectional area (CSA), number of fascicles (NF) and fascicle density (FD). Analyses were nested by laterality. Results: Intra- and interrater agreement regarding NF was very good, with a minimum detectable error of

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Chylothorax is a rare cause of pleural effusion, we present a case of Right post-traumatic chylothorax after venous catheter placement central jugular vein and we propose the systematic use of ultrasound for the identification early detection and follow-up, since if not detected in time it can lead to malnutrition and even mortality. Resumen: El quilotorax es una causa rara de derrame pleural , presentamos un caso de quilotorax postraumático derecho posterior a la colocación de un catéter venoso central yugular y proponemos el uso sistemático de la ecografía para la identificación precoz y seguimiento, ya que de no detectarse a tiempo puede conllevar a desnutrición e incluso mortalidad.

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Reddito is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Reddito is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Otorhinolaryngological Review / Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny (Index Copernicus) is the property of Index Copernicus International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dilation of the abdominal aorta greater than 1.5 times the expected diameter. Its prevalence is variable, with reported rates of up to 12.5%. It is considered the cause of death of more than 10,000 people a year in the United States. The objective of this literature review was to describe risk factors and screening tools for AAA. Methods. A literature search was conducted using two equations in electronic databases, using terms selected from "Medical Subject Heading" (MeSH) and "Descriptors in Health Sciences" (DeCS). The quality of the studies was evaluated with the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) tool. Results. Forty articles were collected and from them the review text was constructed, identifying the risk factors associated with the development of AAA, such as male sex, smoking, high blood pressure, family history and obesity, among others. Diabetes mellitus seems to act as a protective factor. Among the screening instruments, abdominal ultrasound is one of the most used. Conclusion. AAA is a multifactorial pathology. Currently, aortic ultrasonography is the method of choice for screening, allowing early detection. Screening for AAA with non-invasive methods, such as ultrasound, is useful especially in areas with a high prevalence of this pathology and in patients with certain risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Con el aumento de la prevalencia de obesidad, se esperaría un mayor espesor glúteo, lo que sería un factor importante en futuras intervenciones en región glútea con fines de optimizar mejores resultados estéticos. Objetivo: Correlacionar el índice de masa corporal y el grosor de tejido adiposo en glúteos en voluntarias que acudieron al Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva del Hospital Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño entre enero a marzo, 2023. Métodos: El estudio fue prospectivo, descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se utilizó un sonógrafo Sono Eye 1 para realizar las medidas del glúteo. Mediante una báscula, se midió peso y talla, para posteriormente calcular el IMC, fueron 29 voluntarias de sexo femenino entre 18 a 60 años, sin antecedentes quirúrgicos estéticos previos. Las correlaciones fueron evaluadas con el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Se consideró un valor significativo si p < 0,05. Los datos fueron tabulados con STATA 17. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 39 ± 12 años. La mayoría con preobesidad (55,2 %). No hubo diferencias estadísticas en grosor de tejido adiposo, de musculo y espesor de glúteo de acuerdo a la lateralidad; de acuerdo al coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, el IMC no hubo asociación con las medidas combinadas del glúteo izquierdo y derecho del grosor de tejido graso (r = 0,137), grosor muscular (r = 0,115) y espesor glúteo (r = 0,193). Conclusión: Los cambios de las medidas antropométricas de acuerdo al índice de masa corporal, no presentaron correlación estadística con el espesor glúteo.

Objetivo: El presente estudio aborda la necesidad e importancia de la consejería en ecografía obstétrica como parte integral del proceso de atención prenatal desde la perspectiva de obstetras especializados. Material y métodos: Mediante un diseño cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico, se entrevistó a tres obstetras con maestría pertenecientes a la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Las entrevistas se realizaron entre noviembre y diciembre de 2023, utilizando una guía semiestructurada con diez preguntas abiertas para explorar tres categorías de análisis: la necesidad e importancia de la consejería, sus características y el rol del obstetra en su implementación. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron que los obstetras consideran crucial que las gestantes reciban información detallada sobre la ecografía obstétrica para facilitar decisiones informadas y empoderarlas en el cuidado de su salud y la de sus bebés. Se destacó la utilidad de la ecografía en la detección temprana de anomalías y el seguimiento del desarrollo fetal, así como en la orientación sobre la realización oportuna de estos estudios. Los participantes coincidieron en la aplicación de los cinco pasos de consejería con adaptaciones según el contexto y la necesidad de limitar la duración de la consejería para evitar saturación informativa. Además, enfatizaron la importancia de materiales audiovisuales como rotafolios y videos para complementar la información verbal. Conclusión: El estudio subraya la importancia de integrar la consejería en ecografía obstétrica como parte estándar de la atención prenatal, resaltando el papel central del obstetra como facilitador de decisiones informadas y promotor del bienestar materno-infantil.

This paper's aim is a morphometric evaluation of liver and portal vein morphometry using ultrasonography in healthy Turkish population. This study was carried out with 189 subjects (107 females, 82 males). The demographic data and the body surface area were calculated. The longitudinal axis of the liver for two lobes, diagonal axis or liver span, anteroposterior diameter of the liver and portal vein, portal vein transverse diameter, caudate lobe anteroposterior diameter, and portal vein internal diameters as well as longitudinal liver scans in an aortic plane, sagittal plane, transverse plane, and kidney axis were measured. All measurements were analyzed according to age, sex, body mass index, obesity and alcohol consumption. The mean values of the age, height, weight and body mass index were calculated as 44.39 years, 167.05 cm, 74.23 kg, and 27.06kg/m² in females, respectively. The same values were 44.13 years, 167.70 cm, 75.93 kg and 26.71 kg/m² in males, respectively. There was significant difference between demographic characteristics, gender, and alcohol consumption in terms of anteroposterior diameter of the liver, portal vein transverse diameter of the right side and liver transverse scan. Also, some measurements including portal vein transverse diameter, liver transverse scan and at kidney axis longitudinal scan of liver showed significant difference between the age groups. There was significant difference in diagonal axis and anteroposterior diameter of liver, portal vein internal diameter, and longitudinal liver scans of the aortic plane parameters between obesity situation. The findings obtained will provide important and useful reference values as it may determine some abnormalities related liver diseases. Also, age, sex, obesity and body mass index values can be effective in the liver and portal vein morphometry related parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The evaluation of the mobility of the vocal cords in thyroid and parathyroid surgery is part of the adequate comprehensive assessment. Altough, direct laryngoscopy is the gold standard, its real use is not routine, so translaryngeal ultrasound approach is proposed as an alternative. Methods: A prospective diagnostic test study was carried out to evaluate the translaryngeal ultrasound compared with video laryngoscopy in visualizing vocal mobility in patients with thyroid and parathyroid surgery from February 1 to November 30, 2022. Patients were described using absolute and relative frequencies. Univariate statistical analysis with Chi-square and Student's t tests. T. Bivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. Diagnostic acuity was calculated with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV. Statistical significance with p< 0.05, 95% confidence interval. Results: 267 patients undergoing thyroid or parathyroid surgery were included, 219 women and 48 men. Malignant: thyroid neoplasm 196 patients (73.4%). The findings were for the preoperative period, 100% sensitivity, 99.6% specificity, PPV 83.33%, NPV 100%, 83% positive probability odds, and 0.004% negative probability odds. For the postoperative period, 82.8% sensitivity, 99.2% specificity, 92.3% PPV, 97.9% NPV, 92% positive probability odds, and 0.2% negative probability odds were found. Conclusions. Translaryngeal ultrasound in our series has high diagnostic acuity. It could be used as the initial approach to evaluate vocal mobility and might replace direct laryngoscopy, leaving it when its visualization is not adequate or in cases of involvement or suspected invasion for confirmation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aimed to determine the correlation between noninvasively ultrasonographically obtained cervical vessel indices and invasively measured central venous pressure in critically ill pediatric patients. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Department of pediatric intensive care, university hospital. Material and methods: 77 patients aged 0 to under 19 years with inserted central venous catheter and central venous pressure monitoring requiring admission to the department of intensive care medicine were included in the study. Both spontaneously ventilating patients and patients on artificial pulmonary ventilation, hemodynamically stable patients, and children with circulatory support with low-dose vasoactive agents were included in the study. Each continuous variable (ultrasonographic indices, age, height, weight, central venous pressure) was summarized by descriptive statistics, the distribution of variables was examined, and the correlation was quantified by Spearman correlation. The analysis was performed in the entire data set as well as in individual patient subgroups. Results: In the group of all measurements, the collapsibility index of the internal jugular vein in B mode (-0.58, p < 0.001), the collapsibility index of the internal jugular vein in M mode (-0.45, p <0.001), and the ratio of the internal jugular vein in 30- and 0-degree position (0.43, p < 0.001) had the highest correlation with central venous pressure. In the group of spontaneously ventilated patients, the highest correlation with central venous pressure was also found for the collapsibility index of internal jugular vein in B mode (-0.51, p < 0.001), and in patients on artificial pulmonary ventilation for the collapsibility index of internal jugular vein in B mode (- 0.55, p < 0.001) and the distensibility index of internal jugular vein in B mode (-0.55, p < 0.001). The correlation of the ratio of the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery with central venous pressure was low in all measurements group (0.25, p < 0.05), low in the spontaneously ventilated group (0.3, p < 0.05) and none in the artificially ventilated group (0.04). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that ultrasonographically obtained cervical vessel indices may provide a non-invasive, easily repeatable, bedside alternative to central venous pressure examination in the estimation of intravascular filling in critically ill pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Compendium of Veterinary Sciences / Compendio de Ciencias Veterinarias is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asuncion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: el ultrasonido en el punto de atención (POCUS, según las siglas en inglés para point-of-care ultrasound) es una herramienta rápida y fácil de usar que permite correlacionar la anamnesis con hallazgos ecográficos. Ha tomado fuerza en distintos campos de la práctica médica y en nefrología ha sido utilizado para pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, evidenciando alteraciones anatómicas y vasculares; aun así, se dispone de poca literatura sobre su utilización en pacientes trasplantados renales. Objetivo: exponer cómo el POCUS fue utilizado en una serie de pacientes de Colombiana de Trasplantes y el impacto en sus desenlaces clínicos, correlacionando los hallazgos con una revisión de la literatura actual. Presentación del caso: se reportaron tres casos de pacientes trasplantados renales en seguimiento por Nefrología, en quienes se utilizó POCUS para su valoración postrasplante, evidenciando hidronefrosis. Ante este hallazgo, se solicitó confirmación imagenológica por radiología con ecografía o pielografía y se indicó un tratamiento oportuno de derivación de las vías urinarias. En el seguimiento posterior al manejo, los pacientes presentaron una adecuada evolución clínica y de su función renal. Discusión y conclusión: los casos presentados soportan el beneficio del POCUS en el seguimiento de pacientes trasplantados, permitiendo una identificación y un manejo oportuno de hidronefrosis. Se considera que este estudio puede ser un primer paso en la utilización de esta herramienta de rutina en el seguimiento de esta población, pero aun así se hace énfasis en la necesidad de estudios con mayor tamaño de muestra que incluyan diferentes hallazgos ecográficos.

Introducción. Si bien contamos con recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia en contra de realizar tamizaje de cáncer ovárico con ecografía transvaginal debido a que aumenta el riesgo de resultados falsamente positivos y de cascadas diagnósticas, sin disminuir la mortalidad por esta enfermedad, su solicitud en mujeres sanas es frecuente. Sin embargo, no conocemos la magnitud de la implementación de esta práctica, que constituye un cuidado de bajo valor. Objetivo. Documentar el sobreuso de ecografías transvaginales realizadas en forma ambulatoria en un hospital universitario privado de Argentina. Métodos. Estudio de corte transversal de una muestra aleatoria de ecografías realizadas en forma ambulatoria durante 2017 y 2018. Mediante revisión manual de las historias clínicas, la solicitud de cada ecografía fue clasificada como apropiada cuando algún problema clínico justificaba su realización, o inapropiada cuando había sido realizada con fines de control de salud o por una condición clínica sin indicación de seguimiento ecográfico. Resultados. De un total de 1.997 ecografías analizadas, realizadas a 1.954 mujeres adultas (edad promedio 50 años), 1.345 (67,4%; intervalo de confianza [IC] 95% 65,2 a 69,4) habían sido solicitadas en el contexto de un control de salud o sin un problema asociado en la historia clínica y otras 54 (8,3%; IC 95% 6,3 a 10,7), por condiciones de salud para las que no hay recomendaciones de realizar seguimiento ecográfico. Conclusiones. Esta investigación documentó una alta proporción de sobreutilizacion de la ecografías transvaginales en nuestra institución. Futuras investigaciones permitirán comprender los motivos que impulsan esta práctica y ayudarán a diseñar intervenciones para disminuir estos cuidados de bajo valor.

La equinococosis quística es una infección zoonótica producida por la larva de Echinococcus granulosus que es capaz de invadir diversos órganos desde su ubicación en el intestino humano. En los casos de coinfección con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), existe una diversidad de complicaciones condicionadas por la enfermedad inmunosupresora con pronóstico reservado. El objetivo de este reporte es describir un caso de equinococosis multiquística peritoneal en una paciente en tratamiento antiviral para VIH durante casi diez años, que recibió la combinación de albendazol más cirugía, con evolución favorable. Este reporte sería el primero en el Perú en una persona con inmunosupresión por VIH y equinococosis quística.

Introducción. El aneurisma de la aorta abdominal (AAA) es la dilatación de la aorta abdominal mayor de 1,5 veces el diámetro esperado. Su prevalencia es variable, con tasas reportadas de hasta el 12,5 %. Se considera como causa de muerte de más de 10.000 personas al año en los Estados Unidos. El objetivo de esta revisión de la literatura fue describir los factores de riesgo y las herramientas de tamizaje de AAA. Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura utilizando dos ecuaciones en bases de datos electrónicas, empleando términos seleccionados de “Medical Subject Heading” (MeSH) y “Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud” (DeCS). Se evaluó la calidad de los estudios con la herramienta STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). Resultados. Se recolectaron 40 artículos y a partir de ellos se construyó el texto de revisión, identificando en estos, los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de AAA, tales como sexo masculino, tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, antecedente familiar y obesidad, entre otros. La diabetes mellitus parece actuar como factor protector. Dentro de los instrumentos de tamizaje, el ultrasonido abdominal es uno de los más usados. Conclusión. El AAA es una patología multifactorial. En la actualidad la ultrasonografía de aorta es el método de elección para el tamizaje, permitiendo la detección precoz. El tamizaje de AAA con métodos no invasivos, como el ultrasonido, es útil sobre todo en zonas con prevalencia alta de la patología y en pacientes con determinados factores de riesgo.

Head injuries are defined as anatomo-functional damage of the skull and its structures, produced by direct or indirect trauma of variable energy. Among its complications, intracranial hypertension is one of the factors that favor the appearance of secondary damage; its severity and duration have been correlated with a fatal prognosis, being the main cause of death. We present the case of a white male patient, 57 years old, with a history of chronic ethylism, who after three hours of admission because of a mild cranioencephalic trauma, begins with tonic-clonic convulsion and degradation of the level of consciousness. In the absence of more specific examinations, the diameter of the sheath of the optic nerve was determined by ultrasonography, which was increased (left 7.3 mm; right 8.0 mm, respectively). As an initial behavior and faced with indirect confirmation of traumatic intracranial hypertension, the airway was secured with mechanical respiratory support, 20% mannitol perfusion and cardiovascular support. Finally, the patient was referred to a center with the possibility of providing urgent neurosurgical treatment.

Introducción: Durante elembarazo varios factores pueden interactuar sobre el organismo en formación. Parte de los cuidados prenatales se centran en detectar desviaciones del crecimiento fetal. Objetivo: Describir las variables biométricas fetales primarias y la asociación de las enfermedades maternas con la condición trófica del recién nacido. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, analítico y retrospectivo, con una población de 5432 y una muestra de 4131 gestantes, seleccionada por muestreo no probabilístico, intencional, por criterios. Los datos fueron obtenidos del registro de consultas de genética desde enero de 2013 hasta octubre de 2018. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el test de Kruskal Wallis, la prueba post hoc de Dunn-Bonferroni, ji cuadrado y V de Cramer. Resultados: Prevaleció el incremento de las medianas de las variables biométricas, según la condición trófica y semana gestacional, predominó la significación estadística, al igual que las diferencias significativas en todos los contrastes dos a dos realizados. Las gestantes de peso adecuado preponderaron en cada condición al nacer, los recién nacidos pequeños se relacionaron con los trastornos hipertensivos durante el embarazo, la sepsis vaginal y la diabetes mellitus mientras que los recién nacidos grandes predominaron en madres con la glucemia alterada y anemia. Conclusiones: Las mediciones biométricas y las fórmulas de estimación del peso fetal pueden advertir las desviaciones del crecimiento fetal y la condición trófica al nacer. Las variables maternas se relacionaron con la condición trófica del recién nacido.

Introducción. La evaluación de la movilidad de las cuerdas vocales en cirugía de tiroides y paratiroides hace parte de la adecuada valoración integral. Aunque la laringoscopia directa es prueba de referencia, su uso real no es rutinario por lo que se propone la ecografía translaríngea como alternativa de evaluación. Métodos. Estudio prospectivo de evaluación de una prueba diagnóstica de la movilidad de las cuerdas vocales pre y posoperatoria, comparando la ecografía translaríngea con la video laringoscopia, en pacientes con cirugía de tiroides y paratiroides, de febrero 1° a noviembre 30 de 2022. Se describieron las variables usando frecuencias absolutas y relativas. En el análisis univariado se calcularon Chi cuadrado y T de Student y en el bivariado, regresión logística binaria. La agudeza diagnóstica se determinó con sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos; se consideró la significancia estadística con p < 0,05. Resultados. Se incluyeron 267 pacientes, 219 mujeres y 48 hombres; 196 pacientes (73,4%) tenían malignidad. Se encontró en el preoperatorio, sensibilidad 100 %, especificidad 99,6 %, VPP 83,3 %, VPN 100 %, odds de probabilidad positiva 83 % y Odds de probabilidad negativa 0,004 %. En el posoperatorio, sensibilidad 82,8 %, especificidad 99,2 %, VPP 92,3 % VPN 97,9 %, odds de probabilidad positiva 92 % y odds de probabilidad negativa 0,2 %. Conclusiones. La ecografía translaríngea en nuestro medio tiene alta agudeza diagnóstica. Podría ser usada en el abordaje inicial de la evaluación de la movilidad de las cuerdas vocales y reemplazar la laringoscopia directa, dejando ésta para cuando la visualización ecográfica no sea adecuada, o en casos de afectación o sospecha de invasión, para su confirmación.

Foundation: ultrasonography of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath has been used as a non-invasive measure of intracranial pressure. One of the deficiencies stated is the non-existence of a standard value that suggests the limit between normality and intracranial hypertension. Objective: determine the diameter of the optic nerve sheath using ultrasound in healthy volunteers. Methods: a multi-population ecological study was conducted on 160 healthy volunteers who met the inclusion criteria. Three ultrasonographic measurements were performed in B mode in each eye, the average was taken as the final value. The variables studied were: age, sex, skin color and diameter of the optic nerve sheath. The percentage, mean, median, limit and standard were calculated. With a reference value at the 95 % confidence interval. The relationship between the variables was determined by simple logistic regression analysis with the SPSS 22.0 statistical package. Results: that diameter of the optic nerve sheath, in the subjects, was quantified between 4.62-4.80 mm and 4.66-4.83 mm for the right and left eyes respectively. In the simple linear regression analysis, only sex was associated with the value of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath (p= 0.000). Conclusions: in a population of healthy volunteers, the value of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath was similar to other descriptions, with differences between sex, which suggests taking this variable into consideration when making the measurement.

Introducción: El diagnóstico de cáncer pulmonar al igual que el de los nódulos pulmonares se encuentra en aumento. La biopsia percutánea se ha convertido en una herramienta trascendental para su diagnóstico. Tradicionalmente la tomografía computada es empleada para estos procedimientos por su capacidad para demostrar con claridad los huesos y el pulmón aireado. Sin embargo, en casos seleccionados puede efectuarse con ecografía. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo realizado entre enero de 2020 y diciembre de 2021, durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Todos los pacientes tenían lesiones pulmonares de base pleural o lesiones pleurales, algunos con antecedentes conocidos de cáncer. Resultados: Se realizaron 36 procedimientos, en 32 (88,9%) la muestra obtenida presentó rédito diagnóstico y la prueba adicional más utilizada fue la Inmunohistoquímica en 23 (63,9%). Se reportaron complicaciones en 5 pacientes (13,9%): 2 con neumotórax leve, 2 con hemotórax (1 leve y 1 moderado) y 1 paciente refirió dolor. Conclusión: La ecografía es un método válido para ser usado como guía de biopsias de lesiones pleurales y pulmonares periféricas. La tasa de complicaciones y reedito diagnóstico ha demostrado estar en línea con la experiencia de otros autores y guías internacionales.

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Being able to determine the total hepatic volume (THV), or THV, becomes relevant in various situations, such as monitoring the progress of a chronic disease, planning resections and liver transplants; and observation of the hepatic clearance of some hepatotropic drugs. THV can be performed using segmentation methods in the course of a computed tomography (CT), whether manual, automatic, or semi-automated; by nuclear resonance (NR), using software from different generations (1st to 4st). THV measurement is indicated in patients undergoing major liver resections, in the context of treatment of neoplasms (hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, liver metastases or large benign tumors), abscesses (pyogenic, amoebic), and after liver trauma complex, as well as in the preoperative stage of a liver transplant. The aim of this manuscript was to generate a study document regarding methods for determine hepatic volumetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrasound is a medical imaging technique that employs high-frequency sound waves to produce images of internal bodily structures. In the field of nursing, ultrasound serves as a valuable instrument for swiftly and non-invasively evaluating precise anatomical structures, such as venous cannulation, evaluating bowel peristalsis, and assessing the urinary bladder. The use of ultrasound imaging is widely accepted in the nursing profession globally, as shown by its extensive reference in the international scientific literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intestinal duplication is a rare condition that is diagnosed and resolves within the first two years of life. They can be diverticular, cystic or tubular, communicating and non-communicating. The symptoms vary with the type, size, location and mucosa that covers them. This research aims to present the case of a pediatric patient diagnosed with ileal intestinal duplication, in which imaging tests contributed to the definitive diagnosis. This is a 16-month-old female patient who presented with diffuse, intermittent colicky abdominal pain, bloody stools, abdominal distention, and irritability. A simple abdominal X-ray revealed distention of the intestinal loops, such as air-fluid levels and the presence of gas in the rectum. Ultrasound revealed a cystic image towards the right hypochondrium, in close contact with the adjacent intestinal loop, double wall sign and fluid-fluid level. The diagnosis of ileal intestinal duplication was suggested, which was confirmed with a biopsy after surgery. Ultrasound is the test of first choice in the diagnosis of this condition. It shows the double wall sign with an inner echogenic layer (epithelium) and an outer hypoechoic layer corresponding to the muscle layers. The methods of imaging studies are of vital importance for its diagnosis, it is the abdominal ultrasound that provides an accurate diagnosis, being harmless for the patient.

La gestación extrauterina se denomina embarazo ectópico, esta es una emergencia obstétrica del primer trimestre, que cada vez está teniendo una incidencia mayor. Una de las localizaciones en las que se pueden generar estas gestaciones es la cicatriz de cesárea previa, lo cual supone un reto para el ginecólogo tratante debido a su dificultad diagnóstica y opciones terapéuticas. Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 37 años que ingresó por el servicio de emergencia con 6 semanas de amenorrea, y con el antecedente de 2 cesáreas. Se le realizó un legrado uterino que se complicó y terminó en la realización de una histerectomía. El embarazo ectópico en cicatriz de cesárea es raro, sin embargo, es importante pensar en esta opción diagnóstica en gestantes con sangrado en el primer trimestre con antecedente de cesárea para poder buscar signos ecográficos en la evaluación.

Objetivo: medir el volumen urinario por medio de la ecografía vesical, realizado por una enfermera en pacientes críticos, después de la retirada de la sonda urinaria permanente y verificar los factores relacionados en la retención urinaria. Método: estudio cuantitativo, observacional y transversal, realizado con 37 pacientes críticos de ambos sexos, mayores de 18 años, con retiro de catéter vesical permanente en las últimas 48 horas. Se utilizó un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas y el examen ecográfico. Se utilizó un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas y el examen ecográfico. Los datos fueron presentados a través de distribución de frecuencias, medidas de centralidad y variabilidad, asociación mediante la prueba exacta de Fisher y, para el análisis, regresión logística binomial múltiple. Resultados: de los 37 pacientes, en su mayoría fue de sexo masculino, con una edad média de 54,9 años. La medición del volumen urinario por ecografía osciló entre 332,3 y 950 ml, y el 40,54% de los pacientes presentó retención urinaria. La retención urinaria se asoció significativamente a la aparición de infección urinaria, estreñimiento intestinal y diuresis por rebosamiento espontáneo. Los pacientes con infección del tracto urinario tenían 7,4 veces más probabilidades de tener retención urinaria. Conclusión: la ecografía vesical fue eficaz para medir el volumen urinario después de retirar el catéter urinario permanente y puede contribuir a la detección de retención urinaria.

Introduction: Technological progress, together with reduced cost of space missions, has led to the development of space technologies in all fields, including remote medical assistance. Telemedicine allows continuous medical monitoring of the astronaut’s health before, during and after both short and long-term space missions. Space and military telemedicine share objectives, challenges and limitations, and therefore, field transfer of technology has a big relevance. Methods: Systematic literature review of space telemedicine technologies following the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA thanks to the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. Results: The systematic review revealed several articles, technological projects and ultrasonography devices used in the space field, both at civil and government levels, including the Ultrasound II system, the ARTIS, T4MoD or TESSA project. Conclusion: Despite the apparent advantages, some technologies presented serious challenges, such as system and software integration between the different telemedicine companies and satellite systems. Among the technological advances in the telemedicine field found in this study, upon careful consideration, the TESSA system or robot-based tele-echography Melody system is of great interest in the military field and recommended for a more extensive assessment by the Telemedicine Unit of the Hospital Central de la Defensa “Gómez Ulla” and the Spanish Ministry of Defense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was carried out to determine the association between morphometric measurements, body fat measured by ultrasound and testicular biometry in horses belonging to the Caballar Mancillas Breeding Facility of the National Police, located in the municipality of Facatativá, Cundinamarca. Morphometrics were performed on 12 adult stallions of 6 breeds, between 5 and 14 years old, which were in the training process and in a reproductive program, and show physical, mental and reproductive well-being. The measurements analyzed were height at the withers (AL), chest circumference (PTm), body length (LCm), neck circumference (CCmU), neck circumference to height at the withers ratio (PCCA), chest circumference to height at the withers ratio (PPTmA), real weight (PBR), skinfold thickness (SFTPCmm), body condition score (CC), fat thickness at the hip (EGC), fat thickness at the base of the tail (EGCO), body mass index (BMIIMC), body fat percentage (PGC), anogenital distance (DAG), scrotal width (AE), total testicular volume (VTT) and estimated daily sperm production (DSO). To evaluate the fatness, the body mass index (based on morphometric measurements) and the percentage of body fat (based on ultrasound fat measurements) were calculated. Descriptive statistics and principal component Pearson correlations analysis were performed. The means found for AC, PT, LC, PR, EPC, CC, CCU, EGC, EGCO, IMC, VT, DSO, DAG, AL, PTm, LCm, PCmm, CC, CCm, PB, EG, EC, AE, LTI, ATI, HTI, LTD, ATD and HTD were, respectively, 1.64 ± 5.02 m, 1.93 ± 7.16 m, 1,70 ± 6.93 m, 562 ± 60.29 kg, 8.76 ± 1.06 mm, 5.92 ± 1.08, 1.21 ± 12.80 m, 2.12 ± 0.92 mm, 2.49 ± 0.48 mm, 206.58 ± 14.53 kg/m², 538.78 ± 104.39 cm³, 12.80 ± 2.50 x 109, 48.00 ± 3.64 cm and 1.67 ± 0.05 m, 1.95 ± 0.08 m, 1.71 ± 0.06 m, 1.23 ± 0.12 m, 8.83 ± 1.19 mm, 6.92 ± 0.67, 1.23 ± 0.12 m, 562.7 ± 60.3 kg, 2.35 ± 0.66 mm, 2.54 ± 0.72 mm, 12.03 ± 0.87 cm, 10.84 ± 0.64 cm, 6.97 ± 0.56 cm, 8.36 ± 0.76 cm, 10.38 ± 0.87 cm, 6.53 ± 0.43 cm, and 8.88 ± 1.09 cm. High and positive correlations were presented between race and morphometric parameters such as body length, weight with scale, thoracic perimeter and body condition, chest circumference and neck circumference. The results of this study allow us to establish that the ultrasonographic measurements of fat thickness at the hip (EGC), and fat thickness at the base of the tail (EGCO), are important predictors of the level of fatness in the horse, and can be used in studies of morphometry and clinical evaluation of healthy horses to establish their ideal body condition score; however, it must be deepened, since the race plays a determining role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Fundamento: la displasia del desarrollo de la cadera constituye la afección más frecuente del desarrollo del sistema musculoesquelético. En el contexto del diagnóstico radiográfico de esta enfermedad en el lactante, las radiografías digitales ofrecen ventajas que pudieran ser aprovechadas para un diagnóstico más preciso. Objetivo: describir el funcionamiento del software DDC_Calc para realizar mediciones radiográficas en formato digital. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de innovación tecnológica durante el año 2019, en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario Paquito González Cueto, de Cienfuegos, concretamente en el Servicio de Ortopedia y con la contribución de personal de la Facultad de Matemática, Física y Computación, de la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu”, de Las Villas. Se utilizó el algoritmo de visión artificial Viola-Jones para la detección de las estructuras, así como un sistema basado en reglas con vistas a una sugerencia del diagnóstico. Resultados: el software integró las herramientas necesarias para la realización de las mediciones utilizadas (ángulos, distancias, posiciones) en el diagnóstico radiográfico de la displasia del desarrollo de cadera. Fueron descritas sus funcionalidades, requisitos y funcionamiento de la aplicación, partiendo de un caso clínico real, todo esto ilustrado con imágenes. Conclusiones: el empleo del software facilita la realización de mediciones más exactas por parte del médico, de modo que garantiza mayor calidad en el diagnóstico y la preservación de los hallazgos radiográficos iniciales, los cuales resultan de gran utilidad en el seguimiento radiográfico de la afección en el tiempo.

While biometry and Doppler have proved useful in the management of fetal growth restriction, the same battery has been of less help in diabetic pregnancies. It is not surprising since the underlying pathophysiology is fundamentally different. Recent studies of the fetal liver, a key metabolic organ, have shown that its venous circulation reflects the impact of maternal hyperglycemia. Umbilical return from the placenta is disproportionately distributed to the fetal liver (more than in normally growing fetuses, and more than in non-diabetic macrosomia). However, what is set as a pattern at midtrimester is not followed up in the 3rd trimester when high fetal growth continues but no longer correspondingly supported by the umbilical flow to the liver (mL min−1 kg−1 is low). Thus, the status at 3rd trimester is as follows: umbilical flow does not match fetal growth, but the fetal liver still takes a major proportion of the placental return leaving less for the ductus venosus (DV). A distended DV does not help; rather it indicates reduced residual compensatory mechanisms to face hypoxic challenges.The new insights suggest taking into consideration the fetal liver when assessing risks in diabetic pregnancies at 3rd trimester. Measuring umbilical venous flow and its distribution requires high level of skills and accurate techniques, but in the left portal branch (between the DV inlet and the junction with the portal main stem), the blood velocity is regularly accessible and it reflects the skewed umbilical flow to the liver, and its consequences, in a graded manner. Resumen: Si bien la biometría y el Doppler han demostrado ser útiles en el manejo de la restricción del crecimiento fetal, dichos exámenes han sido de menor ayuda en los embarazos en pacientes diabéticas. Esto no sorprende dado que la fisiopatología subyacente es fundamentalmente diferente. Estudios recientes del hígado fetal, un órgano metabólico clave, han demostrado que su circulación venosa refleja el impacto de la hiperglucemia materna. El retorno umbilical desde la placenta se distribuye de manera desproporcionada al hígado fetal (más que en los fetos de crecimiento normal y más que en la macrosomía no diabética). Sin embargo, lo que se establece como un patrón en el segundo trimestre no persiste en el tercer trimestre cuando al continuar el alto crecimiento no es apoyado proporcionalmente por el flujo umbilical al hígado (mL min−1 kg−1 es bajo). Por lo tanto, el estado en el tercer trimestre es el siguiente: el flujo umbilical no coincide con el crecimiento fetal, pero el hígado fetal sigue tomando una proporción importante del retorno placentario, dejando menos para el ductus venosos (DV). Un DV distendido no ayuda; más bien indica mecanismos compensatorios residuales reducidos para enfrentar desafíos hipóxicos.Los nuevos conocimientos sugieren tener en cuenta el hígado fetal al evaluar los riesgos en los embarazos diabéticos en el tercer trimestre. Medir el flujo venoso umbilical y su distribución requiere de un alto nivel de habilidad y técnicas precisas, pero en la rama portal izquierda (entre la entrada del DV y la unión con la vena porta), la velocidad de la sangre es habitualmente accesible y refleja el flujo umbilical sesgado al hígado, y sus consecuencias, de manera medible.

A avaliação da composição corporal é uma das etapas mais importantes para o diagnóstico nutricional e a tomada de decisões para a intervenção nutricional e nos últimos anos vem sendo alvo de grandes evoluções. Neste cenário, a avaliação por ultrassom (US) vem ganhando destaque como um método rápido, prático e confiável para ser utilizado na prática clínica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso do US para avaliação da composição corporal e para isso foram descritos os princípios técnicos deste método, para avaliação do tecido adiposo subcutâneo (TAS) e para medida da área de secção transversa (AST) muscular. Além de ser avaliada a aplicabilidade do US comparada a outros métodos de avaliação da composição corporal em diferentes contextos clínicos, com sarcopenia e cenário esportivo, esta revisão apresenta um comparativo entre as principais técnicas de análise de composição corporal, destacando as principais vantagens e desvantagens de cada uma. Adicionalmente, são descritos os pontos anatômicos e os procedimentos para medição tanto do TAS como da AST, incluindo pontos relevantes a serem observados durante esta padronização. Diante do conteúdo apresentado é possível concluir que a ultrassonografia é capaz de fornecer uma análise precisa, reprodutível e rápida dos tecidos corporais e sua aplicação pode ser expandida em diferentes contextos clínicos e esportivos. Por fim, acredita-se no potencial de contribuição e atualização que este presente estudo promove aos profissionais de saúde envolvidos no contexto de análise da composição corporal.

Background: the use of digital radiographs for the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip allows, in addition to early diagnosis and greater work efficiency, more precise measurements, patient monitoring and surgical planning.Objective: to describe a tool capable of detecting structures and points of interest in a semi-automatic way to carry out the necessary measurements and calculations with a view to diagnosing hip dysplasia in infants.Methods: study of technological innovation, where the Viola-Jones artificial vision algorithm was used for the detection of structures, as well as a rule-based system with a view to a diagnosis suggestion. The proposed tool (Software for radiographic measurements for diagnosing developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants) is in the testing and exploitation phase at the Paquito González Cueto University Pediatric Hospital, in Cienfuegos. To validate the results, radiographic studies of 12 cases were chosen, to which measurements were applied using the traditional method and then using the software.Results: a system was obtained with a view to determining structures in hip radiography images, which allow points and lines to be obtained to calculate dysplasia indicators. The success rate in detecting the structures was 100%.Conclusion: there was a high coincidence between the measures calculated by the algorithm and those calculated manually. The correspondence between the diagnosis predicted by the system and that issued by specialist doctors was also high.

Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiologic features of children with thymic hypoplasia and respiratory illnesses in Cuba. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among children of 1-6 years of age of both sexes attended at a Pediatric Immunology Program of Hospital Materno Infantil Ángel Arturo Aballí Arellano in Habana, Cuba from September 2019 to August 2022. Children with thymic hypoplasia with and without a history of a respiratory illness either infectious or non-infectious were included. Results: No association between age and sex with thymic hypoplasia but an association was found with children with a severe respiratory illness. Factors associated with a severe respiratory illness were ineffective breastfeeding, history of an atopic condition, pregnancy of high risk, prematurity and exposure to tobacco smoke. Conclusions: Thymic hypoplasia was not associated with age or sex. An association with mild-moderate thymic hypoplasia was found with a severe respiratory illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: within musculoskeletal disorders there are, with high frequency, conditions that affect the shoulder and knee joints; in its diagnosis, ultrasound is of vital importance as an auxiliary means. Objective: to characterize shoulder and knee affections by ultrasound. Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the Imaging Service of the "Arnaldo Milián Castro" Hospital in the Province of Villa Clara. The population was made up of all the patients (434) referred to the Ultrasound Clinic of the osteomyoarticular system during the period from October 2018 to July 2021. The historical and inductive-deductive methods were used, as well as the documentary analysis of clinical histories and reports. ultrasonographic, observational and statistical. Results: shoulder and knee conditions affected mainly those aged 50 to 59 years, the most frequent shoulder condition was omarthrosis and calcifications and tendinitis prevailed in supraspinatus lesions. Knee conditions were more frequent at 60 years of age and over, and gonarthrosis predominated, significantly related to the popliteal cyst, and lateral and medial ligament injury. The agreement between diagnostic impression and ultrasonographic diagnosis was good for the shoulder and moderate for the knee. Conclusions: ultrasound was a useful means to characterize shoulder and knee conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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RESUMEN Introducción. La anestesia regional es una técnica importante, innovadora y popular para el manejo anestésico y analgésico. En el bloqueo supraclavicular del plexo braquial existe incidencia 50-60% de parálisis diafragmática. La presentación clínica es variable de acuerdo con factores externos e internos del paciente. Existen múltiples técnicas radiológicas en el diagnóstico, siendo de gran utilidad la ecografía por su fácil acceso. El objetivo es determinar la incidencia de parálisis diafragmática secundaria a bloqueo supraclavicular del plexo braquial guiado por ecografía en una institución de cuarto nivel. Metodología. Estudio analítico, longitudinal, prospectivo; se seleccionaron 110 pacientes. Criterios de inclusión: pacientes mayores de 18 años sometidos a cirugía de miembro superior con bloqueo supraclavicular de plexo braquial. Criterios exclusión: pacientes ASA (American Society of anesthesiologist) 4 y 5, gestantes, IMC >35 kg/m2, pacientes con antecedentes neuromusculares, enfermedad pulmonar restrictiva u obstructiva, parálisis nervio frénico o disfunción diafragmática. Se realizó un análisis mediante test estadísticos, describiendo los diferentes grados de parálisis diafragmática. Resultados. En los pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, la incidencia de parálisis diafragmática fue de 65% (37% parálisis total y 28% parcial), el 1.81% presentó síntomas respiratorios sin cambios hemodinámicos. Discusión. El bloqueo del plexo braquial por vía supraclavicular es una técnica relacionada con parálisis diafragmática, la ecografía ha permitido reducir la incidencia de esta complicación, es un método útil en el diagnóstico postoperatorio. Conclusiones. La parálisis diafragmática post bloqueo plexo braquial supraclavicular es una complicación observada principalmente en pacientes con previo compromiso pulmonar, por lo cual es de importancia la vigilancia estricta. ABSTRACT Introduction. Regional anesthesia is an important, innovative, and popular technique for anesthetic and painkiller management. In supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade, there is a 50-60% rate of diaphragmatic paralysis. Clinical presentation is variable according to the patient’s internal and external factors. There are multiple radiological techniques in diagnosis, with ultrasounds being very useful due to their easy access. The objective is to determine the incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis secondary to supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade guided by ultrasound in a fourth level institution. Methodology. Prospective, longitudinal, analytical study. 110 patients were selected. Inclusion criteria: patients over 18 years of age subject to upper limb surgery with supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade. Exclusion criteria: ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) 4 and 5 patients, pregnant women BMI >35 kg/m2 patients with neuromuscular background, restrictive or obstructive pulmonary disease, phrenic nerve paralysis, or diaphragmatic dysfunction. An analysis was carried out via statistical tests, describing the different degrees of diaphragmatic paralysis. Results. In patients who met the inclusion criteria, the incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis was 65% (37% with total and 28% with partial paralysis), 1.81% showed respiratory symptoms without hemodynamic changes. Discussion. Supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade is a technique related to diaphragmatic paralysis. Ultrasound has allowed for the incidence of this complication to be reduced. It is a useful method in post-operative diagnosis. Conclusions. Diaphragmatic paralysis after supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade is a complication mainly observed in patients with previous pulmonary problems. Therefore, it must be strictly monitored. RESUMO Introdução. A anestesia regional é uma técnica importante, inovadora e popular para o manejo anestésico e analgésico. No bloqueio supraclavicular do plexo braquial há uma incidência de 50-60% de paralisia diafragmática. A apresentação clínica é variável de acordo com fatores externos e internos do paciente. Existem múltiplas técnicas radiológicas no diagnóstico, sendo a ultrassonografia muito útil devido ao seu fácil acesso. O objetivo é determinar a incidência de paralisia diafragmática secundária ao bloqueio supraclavicular do plexo braquial guiado por ultrassom em uma instituição de quarto nível. Metodologia. Estudo analítico, longitudinal, prospectivo; 110 pacientes foram selecionados. Critérios de inclusão: pacientes maiores de 18 anos submetidos à cirurgia de membro superior com bloqueio supraclavicular do plexo braquial. Critérios de exclusão: pacientes ASA (American Anesthesiology Society) 4 e 5, gestantes, IMC>35 kg/m2 pacientes com história neuromuscular, doença pulmonar restritiva ou obstrutiva, paralisia do nervo frênico ou disfunção diafragmática. Foi realizada uma análise por meio de testes estatísticos, descrevendo os diferentes graus de paralisia diafragmática. Resultados. Nos pacientes que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, a incidência de paralisia diafragmática foi de 65% (37% paralisia total e 28% parcial), 1.81% apresentavam sintomas respiratórios sem alterações hemodinâmicas. Discussão. O bloqueio do plexo braquial supraclavicular é uma técnica relacionada à paralisia diafragmática, a ultrassonografia tem reduzido a incidência dessa complicação e é um método útil no diagnóstico pós-operatório. Conclusões. A paralisia diafragmática após bloqueio do plexo braquial supraclavicular é uma complicação observada principalmente em pacientes com envolvimento pulmonar prévio, pelo que é importante vigilância rigorosa.

El éxito del tratamiento de la displasia del desarrollo de la cadera está íntimamente ligado a una intervención temprana, o sea, a un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces y seguros. El estudio radiográfico tradicionalmente se ha sustentado en la medición de una serie de parámetros, la cual se realiza mediante el goniómetro, marcando directamente en la radiografía. Sin embargo, este procedimiento tiene sus desventajas. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo exponer las características de una plantilla para medir la cadera con desarrollo displásico en el lactante. Se explica cómo proceder con la herramienta propuesta; se argumentan sus posibilidades y metodología de aplicación, y se ilustra su factibilidad desde el punto de vista práctico. La plantilla permite evaluar la cadera del lactante, independientemente de la osificación del núcleo de la cabeza del fémur; así como determinar si la cadera es normal; y en caso de ser patológica, clasificarla en dependencia del grado de severidad de la afección.

Introducción. Las porfirias son enfermedades hereditarias secundarias a mutación de genes que codifican para proteínas necesarias en el metabolismo de hemo, se presenta con una incidencia de 1:1700 y los ataques agudos sólo se presentan en 1% de estos, aún menos frecuente es la polineuropatía porfírica que clásicamente se ha descrito de características axonales, aunque se han reportado algunos casos de desmielinización primaria. Presentación de caso. Femenina de 26 años con antecedente de porfiria intermitente aguda quien presenta paresia distal en las 4 extremidades de predominio en miembros inferiores asociado a hipoestesia en bota y guante. Las neuroconducciones mostraban latencias prolongadas y disminución en las velocidades de conducción compatibles con desmielinización, la electromiografía evidenció denervación y reinervación. En la ecografía neuromuscular se encontraron nervios con área de corte transversal (CSA) normal o disminuido. Conclusión. El hallazgo de nervios con CSA normal o disminuido es poco probable en neuropatías desmielinizantes y compatible con degeneración axonal. La ecografía neuromuscular podría mejorar el rendimiento diagnostico de los estudios electrofisiológicos para diferencias polineuropatía primariamente axonal o desmielinizante.

Introduction: Textilomas are foreign bodies originating from the textile surgical material, forgotten during a surgical intervention. They are rare. Its clinical presentation can be acute or chronic, manifesting months or years after the original surgical operation. Objectives : To present a rare case of intra-abdominal textiloma, its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. Clinical case: A 39-year-old male patient with a history of been operated on 14 years ago for a bleeding duodenal ulcer; asymptomatic until the date he was studied for digestive symptoms. The only positive element in the physical examination was pain on deep palpation of epigastrium. During endoscopy, a gastric subepithelial lesion was diagnosed. The double-contrast abdominal tomography confirmed a tumor-like lesion at the greater curvature of the stomach, depending on its wall. An endoscopic ultrasound was performed, through which a mesenchymal tumor of the mesentery was diagnosed, without being able to rule out the possibility of a gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Excision of the tumor was performed. The anatomopathological study reported a textiloma. Conclusions : Textilomas are surgical accidents with detrimental consequences for the patient's life if not proceeded quickly. They are the result of iatrogenesis during a surgical intervention and the most important thing is their prevention.

To identify differential features between patients with seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Prospective cohort study, including patients who were admitted for polyarthralgia. At baseline was performed: laboratory studies, X -rays of hands and feet, ultrasound of both hands with power Doppler technique, clinical data and clinimetry. In subsequent visits the definitive diagnosis of RA was established or not. It was considered as seronegative RA when patients were negative for both RF and ACPAs. 746 patients were included, of which 128 (17.1%) ended with a final diagnosis of RA. Of these 128 patients, 87 (67.9%) were seropositive RA, while 41 (32%) were seronegative RA. The only feature that showed significant differences was the presence of tenosynovitis detected by ultrasound with a positive power Doppler signal, 13.7% of the patients with seropositive RA vs 41.6% of the patients with seronegative RA (p = 0.0028). The only differential feature of patients with seronegative RA was the higher proportion of tenosynovitis detected by ultrasound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]