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1. H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b dynamics in experimentally infected calves and cows

Author

Halwe, Nico Joel, Cool, Konner, Breithaupt, Angele, Schön, Jacob, Trujillo, Jessie D., Nooruzzaman, Mohammed, Kwon, Taeyong, Ahrens, Ann Kathrin, Britzke, Tobias, McDowell, Chester D., Piesche, Ronja, Singh, Gagandeep, Pinho dos Reis, Vinicius, Kafle, Sujan, Pohlmann, Anne, Gaudreault, Natasha N., Corleis, Björn, Ferreyra, Franco Matias, Carossino, Mariano, Balasuriya, Udeni B. R., Hensley, Lisa, Morozov, Igor, Covaleda, Lina M., Diel, Diego G., Ulrich, Lorenz, Hoffmann, Donata, Beer, Martin, and Richt, Juergen A.

Published
2025
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2. SARS-CoV-2 and Other Coronaviruses in Rats, Berlin, Germany, 2023

Author

Wernike, Kerstin, Mehl, Calvin, Aebischer, Andrea, Ulrich, Lorenz, Heising, Mario, Ulrich, Rainer G., and Beer, Martin

Subjects
Berlin, Germany -- Health aspects, Testing, Statistics, Physiological aspects, Health aspects, Rats -- Health aspects, SARS-CoV-2 variants -- Physiological aspects -- Testing -- Statistics, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Rattus -- Health aspects
Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 was initially reported in 2019 in China and spread rapidly worldwide, causing the COVID-19 pandemic in humans. Since the pandemic unfolded, the role of animals as amplifying or reservoir [...]

Published
2024

5. Bat-borne H9N2 influenza virus evades MxA restriction and exhibits efficient replication and transmission in ferrets

Author

Halwe, Nico Joel, Hamberger, Lea, Sehl-Ewert, Julia, Mache, Christin, Schön, Jacob, Ulrich, Lorenz, Calvelage, Sten, Tönnies, Mario, Fuchs, Jonas, Bandawane, Pooja, Loganathan, Madhumathi, Abbad, Anass, Carreño, Juan Manuel, Bermúdez-González, Maria C., Simon, Viviana, Kandeil, Ahmed, El-Shesheny, Rabeh, Ali, Mohamed A., Kayali, Ghazi, Budt, Matthias, Hippenstiel, Stefan, Hocke, Andreas C., Krammer, Florian, Wolff, Thorsten, Schwemmle, Martin, Ciminski, Kevin, Hoffmann, Donata, and Beer, Martin

Published
2024
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6. A safe, effective and adaptable live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to reduce disease and transmission using one-to-stop genome modifications

Author

Schön, Jacob, Barut, G. Tuba, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, Halwe, Nico Joel, Berenguer Veiga, Inês, Kratzel, Annika, Ulrich, Lorenz, Kelly, Jenna N., Brügger, Melanie, Wylezich, Claudia, Taddeo, Adriano, Aguiar Moreira, Etori, Túrós, Demeter, Grau-Roma, Llorenç, Ahrens, Ann Kathrin, Schlottau, Kore, Britzke, Tobias, Breithaupt, Angele, Corleis, Björn, Kochmann, Jana, Oliveira Esteves, Blandina I., Almeida, Lea, Thomann, Lisa, Devisme, Christelle, Stalder, Hanspeter, Steiner, Silvio, Ochsenbein, Sarah, Schmied, Kimberly, Labroussaa, Fabien, Jores, Jörg, V’kovski, Philip, Cmiljanovic, Vladimir, Alves, Marco P., Benarafa, Charaf, Ebert, Nadine, Hoffmann, Donata, Beer, Martin, and Thiel, Volker

Published
2024
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8. Omicron subvariant BA.5 efficiently infects lung cells

Author

Hoffmann, Markus, Wong, Lok-Yin Roy, Arora, Prerna, Zhang, Lu, Rocha, Cheila, Odle, Abby, Nehlmeier, Inga, Kempf, Amy, Richter, Anja, Halwe, Nico Joel, Schön, Jacob, Ulrich, Lorenz, Hoffmann, Donata, Beer, Martin, Drosten, Christian, Perlman, Stanley, and Pöhlmann, Stefan

Published
2023
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9. Efficacy of an unmodified bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in female small animal models

Author

Corleis, Björn, Hoffmann, Donata, Rauch, Susanne, Fricke, Charlie, Roth, Nicole, Gergen, Janina, Kovacikova, Kristina, Schlottau, Kore, Halwe, Nico Joel, Ulrich, Lorenz, Schön, Jacob, Wernike, Kerstin, Widera, Marek, Ciesek, Sandra, Mueller, Stefan O., Mettenleiter, Thomas C., Maione, Domenico, Petsch, Benjamin, Beer, Martin, and Dorhoi, Anca

Published
2023
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10. The spike gene is a major determinant for the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-BA.1 phenotype

Author

Barut, G. Tuba, Halwe, Nico Joel, Taddeo, Adriano, Kelly, Jenna N., Schön, Jacob, Ebert, Nadine, Ulrich, Lorenz, Devisme, Christelle, Steiner, Silvio, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, Hoffmann, Bernd, Veiga, Inês Berenguer, Leborgne, Nathan Georges François, Moreira, Etori Aguiar, Breithaupt, Angele, Wylezich, Claudia, Höper, Dirk, Wernike, Kerstin, Godel, Aurélie, Thomann, Lisa, Flück, Vera, Stalder, Hanspeter, Brügger, Melanie, Esteves, Blandina I. Oliveira, Zumkehr, Beatrice, Beilleau, Guillaume, Kratzel, Annika, Schmied, Kimberly, Ochsenbein, Sarah, Lang, Reto M., Wider, Manon, Machahua, Carlos, Dorn, Patrick, Marti, Thomas M., Funke-Chambour, Manuela, Rauch, Andri, Widera, Marek, Ciesek, Sandra, Dijkman, Ronald, Hoffmann, Donata, Alves, Marco P., Benarafa, Charaf, Beer, Martin, and Thiel, Volker

Published
2022
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11. Enhanced fitness of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Alpha but not Beta

Author

Ulrich, Lorenz, Halwe, Nico Joel, Taddeo, Adriano, Ebert, Nadine, Schön, Jacob, Devisme, Christelle, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, Hoffmann, Bernd, Wider, Manon, Fan, Xiaoyu, Bekliz, Meriem, Essaidi-Laziosi, Manel, Schmidt, Marie Luisa, Niemeyer, Daniela, Corman, Victor Max, Kraft, Anna, Godel, Aurélie, Laloli, Laura, Kelly, Jenna N., Calderon, Brenda M., Breithaupt, Angele, Wylezich, Claudia, Berenguer Veiga, Inês, Gultom, Mitra, Osman, Sarah, Zhou, Bin, Adea, Kenneth, Meyer, Benjamin, Eberhardt, Christiane S., Thomann, Lisa, Gsell, Monika, Labroussaa, Fabien, Jores, Jörg, Summerfield, Artur, Drosten, Christian, Eckerle, Isabella Anne, Wentworth, David E., Dijkman, Ronald, Hoffmann, Donata, Thiel, Volker, Beer, Martin, and Benarafa, Charaf

Published
2022
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12. SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G change enhances replication and transmission

Author

Zhou, Bin, Thao, Tran Thi Nhu, Hoffmann, Donata, Taddeo, Adriano, Ebert, Nadine, Labroussaa, Fabien, Pohlmann, Anne, King, Jacqueline, Steiner, Silvio, Kelly, Jenna N., Portmann, Jasmine, Halwe, Nico Joel, Ulrich, Lorenz, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, Fan, Xiaoyu, Hoffmann, Bernd, Wang, Li, Thomann, Lisa, Lin, Xudong, Stalder, Hanspeter, Pozzi, Berta, de Brot, Simone, Jiang, Nannan, Cui, Dan, Hossain, Jaber, Wilson, Malania M., Keller, Matthew W., Stark, Thomas J., Barnes, John R., Dijkman, Ronald, Jores, Joerg, Benarafa, Charaf, Wentworth, David E., Thiel, Volker, and Beer, Martin

Published
2021
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13. CVnCoV and CV2CoV protect human ACE2 transgenic mice from ancestral B BavPat1 and emerging B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2

Author

Hoffmann, Donata, Corleis, Björn, Rauch, Susanne, Roth, Nicole, Mühe, Janine, Halwe, Nico Joel, Ulrich, Lorenz, Fricke, Charlie, Schön, Jacob, Kraft, Anna, Breithaupt, Angele, Wernike, Kerstin, Michelitsch, Anna, Sick, Franziska, Wylezich, Claudia, Hoffmann, Bernd, Thran, Moritz, Thess, Andreas, Mueller, Stefan O., Mettenleiter, Thomas C., Petsch, Benjamin, Dorhoi, Anca, and Beer, Martin

Published
2021
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14. Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgY Antibodies: Production, Reactivity, and Neutralizing Capability against Virus Variants.

Author

Schön, Jacob, Aebischer, Andrea, Halwe, Nico Joël, Ulrich, Lorenz, Hoffmann, Donata, Reiche, Sven, Beer, Martin, and Grund, Christian

Subjects
EGG yolk, ANTIBODY formation, COAT proteins (Viruses), SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, SARS-CoV-2, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, CHICKENS, ANTIGENS
Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 initiated a global pandemic, which led to a need for effective therapeutics and diagnostic tools, including virus-specific antibodies. Here, we investigate different antigen preparations to produce SARS-CoV-2-specific and virus-neutralizing antibodies in chickens (n = 3/antigen) and rabbits (n = 2/antigen), exploring, in particular, egg yolk for large-scale production of immunoglobulin Y (IgY). Reactivity profiles of IgY preparations from chicken sera and yolk and rabbit sera were tested in parallel. We compared three types of antigens based on ancestral SARS-CoV-2: an inactivated whole-virus preparation, an S1 spike-protein subunit (S1 antigen) and a receptor-binding domain (RBD antigen, amino acids 319–519) coated on lumazine synthase (LS) particles using SpyCather/SpyTag technology. The RBD antigen proved to be the most efficient immunogen, and the resulting chicken IgY antibodies derived from serum or yolk, displayed strong reactivity with ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence and broad neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron BA.1 and BA.5. Preliminary in vivo studies using RBD–lumazine synthase yolk preparations in a hamster model showed that local application was well tolerated and not harmful. However, despite the in vitro neutralizing capacity, this antibody preparation did not show protective effect. Further studies on galenic properties seem to be necessary. The RBD–lumazine antigen proved to be suitable for producing SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies that can be applied to such therapeutic approaches and as reference reagents for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, including virus neutralization assays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Experimental SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Bank Voles

Author

Ulrich, Lorenz, Michelitsch, Anna, Halwe, Nico, Wernike, Kerstin, Hoffmann, Donata, and Beer, Martin

Subjects
Distribution, Genetic aspects, Environmental aspects, Health aspects, Company distribution practices, SARS-CoV-2 variants -- Environmental aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Distribution, Voles -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects
Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to a global pandemic in the human population within months after its first reporting (1). Potential wildlife reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 remain unknown; [...]

Published
2021
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17. Experimental Infection of Cattle with SARS-CoV-2

Author

Ulrich, Lorenz, Wernike, Kerstin, Hoffmann, Donata, Mettenleiter, Thomas C., and Beer, Martin

Subjects
Risk factors, Methods, Disease transmission -- Risk factors, Cattle diseases -- Risk factors, COVID-19 -- Risk factors, Animal experimentation -- Methods, Cattle -- Diseases
Abstract

After spilling over from an unknown animal host to humans, a novel betacoronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 (1,2) and induced a global [...]

Published
2020
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18. An adjustable, safe and highly protective live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on large-scale one-to-stop codon modifications

Author

Beer, Martin, primary, Schön, Jacob, additional, Barut, Güliz, additional, Trüeb, Bettina, additional, Halwe, Nico, additional, Veiga, Inês, additional, Kratzel, Annika, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Kelly, Jenna, additional, Brügger, Melanie, additional, Wylezich, Claudia, additional, Taddeo, Adriano, additional, Moreira, Etori, additional, Túrós, Péter, additional, Grau-Roma, Llorenç, additional, Ahrens, Ann Kathrin, additional, Schlottau, Kore, additional, Britzke, Tobias, additional, Breithaupt, Angele, additional, Exteves, Blandina, additional, Almeida, Lea, additional, Thomann, Lisa, additional, Devisme, Christelle, additional, Stadler, Hanspeter, additional, Steiner, Silvio, additional, Ochsenbein, Sarah, additional, Schmied, Kimberly, additional, Labroussaa, Fabien, additional, Jores, Jörg, additional, V´kovski, Philip, additional, Cmiljanovic, Vladimir, additional, Alves, Maro, additional, Benarafa, Charaf, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Ebert, Nadine, additional, and Thiel, Volker, additional

Published
2023
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19. SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern elicit divergent early immune responses in hACE2 transgenic mice

Author

Fricke, Charlie, primary, Pfaff, Florian, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Timm, Laura, additional, Hoffmann, Weda, additional, Rauch, Susanne, additional, Petsch, Benjamin, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, Corleis, Björn, additional, and Dorhoi, Anca, additional

Published
2023
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20. Single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits high protection and sterilizing immunity in hamsters

Author

Klimkait, Thomas, primary, Lett, Martin, additional, Otte, Fabian, additional, Hauser, David, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Kipfer, Enja, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Halwe, Nico, additional, Breithaupt, Angele, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Britzke, Tobias, additional, Zhang, Yuepeng, additional, Cmiljanovic, Vladimir, additional, Wylezich, Claudia, additional, Urda, Lorena, additional, Lang, Christopher, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, and Mittelholzer, Christian, additional

Published
2023
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21. The bat-borne influenza A virus H9N2 exhibits a set of unexpected pre-pandemic features

Author

Halwe, Nico, primary, Hamberger, Lea, additional, Sehl-Ewert, Julia, additional, Mache, Christin, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Calvelage, Sten, additional, Fuchs, Jonas, additional, Bandawane, Pooja, additional, Loganathan, Madhumathi, additional, Abbad, Anass, additional, Carreño, Juan Manuel, additional, Simon, Viviana, additional, Kayali, Ghazi, additional, Tönnies, Mario, additional, Kandeil, Ahmed, additional, El-Shesheny, Rabeh, additional, Ali, Mohamed, additional, Wolff, Thorsten, additional, Budt, Matthias, additional, Hippenstiel, Stefan, additional, Hocke, Andreas, additional, Krammer, Florian, additional, Schwemmle, Martin, additional, Ciminski, Kevin, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Bermudez-Gonzalez, Maria, additional, and Beer, Martin, additional

Published
2023
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22. Single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits high protection and sterilizing immunity in hamsters

Author

Lett, Martin Joseph, primary, Otte, Fabian, additional, Hauser, David, additional, Schoen, Jacob, additional, Kipfer, Enja Tatjana, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Zhang, Yuepeng, additional, Cmiljanovic, Vladimir, additional, Wylezich, Claudia, additional, Urda, Lorena, additional, Lang, Christopher, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, Mittelholzer, Christian, additional, and Klimkait, Thomas, additional

Published
2023
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23. Assessment of Immunogenicity and Efficacy of CV0501 mRNA-Based Omicron COVID-19 Vaccination in Small Animal Models

Author

Roth, Nicole, primary, Gergen, Janina, additional, Kovacikova, Kristina, additional, Mueller, Stefan O., additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Fricke, Charlie, additional, Corleis, Björn, additional, Dorhoi, Anca, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, Maione, Domenico, additional, Petsch, Benjamin, additional, and Rauch, Susanne, additional

Published
2023
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24. H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b dynamics in experimentally infected calves and cows

Author

Halwe, Nico Joel, Cool, Konner, Breithaupt, Angele, Schön, Jacob, Trujillo, Jessie D., Nooruzzaman, Mohammed, Kwon, Taeyong, Ahrens, Ann Kathrin, Britzke, Tobias, McDowell, Chester D., Piesche, Ronja, Singh, Gagandeep, Pinho dos Reis, Vinicius, Kafle, Sujan, Pohlmann, Anne, Gaudreault, Natasha N., Corleis, Björn, Ferreyra, Franco Matias, Carossino, Mariano, Balasuriya, Udeni B. R., Hensley, Lisa, Morozov, Igor, Covaleda, Lina M., Diel, Diego G., Ulrich, Lorenz, Hoffmann, Donata, Beer, Martin, and Richt, Juergen A.

Abstract

In March 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 infections were reported in dairy cows in Texas, USA1. Rapid dissemination to more than 380 farms in 14 states followed2. Here we provide results of two independent clade 2.3.4.4b experimental infection studies evaluating the oronasal susceptibility to and transmission of a US H5N1 bovine isolate, genotype B3.13 (H5N1 B3.13), in calves, and the susceptibility of lactating cows following direct mammary gland inoculation of either H5N1 B3.13 or a current EU H5N1 wild bird isolate, genotype euDG (H5N1 euDG). Inoculation of the calves resulted in moderate nasal replication and shedding with no severe clinical signs or transmission to sentinel calves. In dairy cows, infection resulted in no nasal shedding, but severe acute infection of the mammary gland with necrotizing mastitis and high fever was observed for both H5N1 isolates. Milk production was rapidly and markedly reduced and the physical condition of the cows was severely compromised. Virus titres in milk rapidly peaked at 10950% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) per ml, but systemic infection did not ensue. Notably, the adaptive mutation E627K emerged in the viral polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) after intramammary replication of H5N1 euDG. Our data suggest that in addition to H5N1 B3.13, other HPAIV H5N1 strains have the potential to replicate in the udder of cows and that milk and milking procedures, rather than respiratory spread, are likely to be the primary routes of H5N1 transmission between cattle.

Published
2024
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25. The spike gene is a major determinant for the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-BA.1 phenotype

Author

Barut, Tuba, primary, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Taddeo, Adriano, additional, Kelly, Jenna N., additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Ebert, Nadine, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Devisme, Christelle, additional, Steiner, Silvio, additional, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, additional, Hoffmann, Bernd, additional, Veiga, Inês Berenguer, additional, Leborgne, Nathan Georges François, additional, Moreira, Etori Aguiar, additional, Breithaupt, Angele, additional, Wylezich, Claudia, additional, Höper, Dirk, additional, Wernike, Kerstin, additional, Godel, Aurélie, additional, Thomann, Lisa, additional, Flück, Vera, additional, Stalder, Hanspeter, additional, Brügger, Melanie, additional, Esteves, Blandina I. Oliveira, additional, Zumkehr, Beatrice, additional, Beilleau, Guillaume, additional, Kratzel, Annika, additional, Schmied, Kimberly, additional, Ochsenbein, Sarah, additional, Lang, Reto M., additional, Wider, Manon, additional, Machahua, Carlos, additional, Dorn, Patrick, additional, Marti, Thomas M., additional, Funke-Chambour, Manuela, additional, Rauch, Andri, additional, Widera, Marek, additional, Ciesek, Sandra, additional, Dijkman, Ronald, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Alves, Marco P., additional, Benarafa, Charaf, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, and Thiel, Volker, additional

Published
2022
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26. Low-dose bivalent mRNA vaccine is highly effective against different SARS-CoV-2 variants in a transgenic mouse model

Author

Corleis, Björn, primary, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Rauch, Susanne, additional, Fricke, Charlie, additional, Roth, Nicole, additional, Gergen, Janina, additional, Kovacikova, Kristina, additional, Schlottau, Kore, additional, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Wernike, Kerstin, additional, Widera, Marek, additional, Ciesek, Sandra, additional, Mueller, Stefan O., additional, Mettenleiter, Thomas C., additional, Petsch, Benjamin, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, and Dorhoi, Anca, additional

Published
2022
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27. The spike gene is a major determinant for the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-BA. 1 phenotype

Author

Barut, Tuba, Halwe, Nico Joel, Taddeo, Adriano, Kelly, Jenna N., Schön, Jacob, Ebert, Nadine, Ulrich, Lorenz, Devisme, Christelle, Steiner, Silvio, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, Hoffmann, Bernd, Berenguer Veiga, Inês, Leborgne, Nathan Georges François, Aguiar Moreira, Etori, Breithaupt, Angele, Wylezich, Claudia, Höper, Dirk, Wernike, Kerstin, Godel, Aurélie, Thomann, Lisa, Flück, Vera, Stalder, Hanspeter, Brügger, Melanie, Oliveira Esteves, Blandina I., Zumkehr, Beatrice, Beilleau, Guillaume, Kratzel, Annika, Schmied, Kimberly, Ochsenbein, Sarah, Lang, Reto M., Wider, Manon, Machahua, Carlos, Dorn, Patrick, Marti, Thomas M., Funke-Chambour, Manuela, Rauch, Andri, Widera, Marek, Ciesek, Sandra, Dijkman, Ronald, Hoffmann, Donata, Alves, Marco P., Benarafa, Charaf, Beer, Martin, and Thiel, Volker

Subjects
630 Agriculture, 570 Life sciences, biology, 610 Medicine & health
Published
2022

29. Enhanced fitness of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Alpha but not Beta

Author

Ulrich, Lorenz, primary, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Taddeo, Adriano, additional, Ebert, Nadine, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Devisme, Christelle, additional, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, additional, Hoffmann, Bernd, additional, Wider, Manon, additional, Fan, Xiaoyu, additional, Bekliz, Meriem, additional, Essaidi-Laziosi, Manel, additional, Schmidt, Marie Luisa, additional, Niemeyer, Daniela, additional, Corman, Victor Max, additional, Kraft, Anna, additional, Godel, Aurélie, additional, Laloli, Laura, additional, Kelly, Jenna N., additional, Calderon, Brenda M., additional, Breithaupt, Angele, additional, Wylezich, Claudia, additional, Berenguer Veiga, Inês, additional, Gultom, Mitra, additional, Osman, Sarah, additional, Zhou, Bin, additional, Adea, Kenneth, additional, Meyer, Benjamin, additional, Eberhardt, Christiane S., additional, Thomann, Lisa, additional, Gsell, Monika, additional, Labroussaa, Fabien, additional, Jores, Jörg, additional, Summerfield, Artur, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Eckerle, Isabella Anne, additional, Wentworth, David E., additional, Dijkman, Ronald, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Thiel, Volker, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, and Benarafa, Charaf, additional

Published
2021
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31. Enhanced fitness of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern B.1.1.7, but not B.1.351, in animal models

Author

Ulrich, Lorenz, primary, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Taddeo, Adriano, additional, Ebert, Nadine, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Devisme, Christelle, additional, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, additional, Hoffmann, Bernd, additional, Wider, Manon, additional, Bekliz, Meriem, additional, Essaidi-Laziosi, Manel, additional, Schmidt, Marie Luisa, additional, Niemeyer, Daniela, additional, Corman, Victor Max, additional, Kraft, Anna, additional, Godel, Aurélie, additional, Laloli, Laura, additional, Kelly, Jenna N., additional, Breithaupt, Angele, additional, Wylezich, Claudia, additional, Veiga, Inês Berenguer, additional, Gultom, Mitra, additional, Adea, Kenneth, additional, Meyer, Benjamin, additional, Eberhardt, Christiane, additional, Thomann, Lisa, additional, Gsell-Albert, Monika, additional, Labroussaa, Fabien, additional, Jores, Jörg, additional, Summerfield, Artur, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Eckerle, Isabella Anne, additional, Dijkman, Ronald, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Thiel, Volker, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, and Benarafa, Charaf, additional

Published
2021
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32. CVnCoV protects human ACE2 transgenic mice from ancestral B BavPat1 and emerging B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2

Author

Hoffmann, Donata, primary, Corleis, Björn, additional, Rauch, Susanne, additional, Roth, Nicole, additional, Mühe, Janine, additional, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Fricke, Charlie, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Kraft, Anna, additional, Breithaupt, Angele, additional, Wernike, Kerstin, additional, Michelitsch, Anna, additional, Sick, Franziska, additional, Wylezich, Claudia, additional, Müller, Stefan O., additional, Mettenleiter, Thomas C., additional, Petsch, Benjamin, additional, Dorhoi, Anca, additional, and Beer, Martin, additional

Published
2021
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34. Multi‐species ELISA for the detection of antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 in animals

Author

Wernike, Kerstin, primary, Aebischer, Andrea, additional, Michelitsch, Anna, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Freuling, Conrad, additional, Balkema‐Buschmann, Anne, additional, Graaf, Annika, additional, Müller, Thomas, additional, Osterrieder, Nikolaus, additional, Rissmann, Melanie, additional, Rubbenstroth, Dennis, additional, Schön, Jacob, additional, Schulz, Claudia, additional, Trimpert, Jakob, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Volz, Asisa, additional, Mettenleiter, Thomas, additional, and Beer, Martin, additional

Published
2020
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35. SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G variant confers enhanced replication and transmissibility

Author

Zhou, Bin, primary, Thao, Tran Thi Nhu, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Taddeo, Adriano, additional, Ebert, Nadine, additional, Labroussaa, Fabien, additional, Pohlmann, Anne, additional, King, Jacqueline, additional, Portmann, Jasmine, additional, Halwe, Nico Joel, additional, Ulrich, Lorenz, additional, Trüeb, Bettina Salome, additional, Kelly, Jenna N., additional, Fan, Xiaoyu, additional, Hoffmann, Bernd, additional, Steiner, Silvio, additional, Wang, Li, additional, Thomann, Lisa, additional, Lin, Xudong, additional, Stalder, Hanspeter, additional, Pozzi, Berta, additional, de Brot, Simone, additional, Jiang, Nannan, additional, Cui, Dan, additional, Hossain, Jaber, additional, Wilson, Malania, additional, Keller, Matthew, additional, Stark, Thomas J., additional, Barnes, John R., additional, Dijkman, Ronald, additional, Jores, Joerg, additional, Benarafa, Charaf, additional, Wentworth, David E., additional, Thiel, Volker, additional, and Beer, Martin, additional

Published
2020
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40. Multi‐species ELISA for the detection of antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 in animals.

Author

Wernike, Kerstin, Aebischer, Andrea, Michelitsch, Anna, Hoffmann, Donata, Freuling, Conrad, Balkema‐Buschmann, Anne, Graaf, Annika, Müller, Thomas, Osterrieder, Nikolaus, Rissmann, Melanie, Rubbenstroth, Dennis, Schön, Jacob, Schulz, Claudia, Trimpert, Jakob, Ulrich, Lorenz, Volz, Asisa, Mettenleiter, Thomas, and Beer, Martin

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, HAMSTERS, RABBITS, VIRAL antibodies, COVID-19, ANIMAL species, RACCOON dog, IMMUNOGLOBULINS
Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has caused a pandemic with millions of infected humans and hundreds of thousands of fatalities. As the novel disease – referred to as COVID‐19 – unfolded, occasional anthropozoonotic infections of animals by owners or caretakers were reported in dogs, felid species and farmed mink. Further species were shown to be susceptible under experimental conditions. The extent of natural infections of animals, however, is still largely unknown. Serological methods will be useful tools for tracing SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in animals once test systems are evaluated for use in different species. Here, we developed an indirect multi‐species ELISA based on the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of SARS‐CoV‐2. The newly established ELISA was evaluated using 59 sera of infected or vaccinated animals, including ferrets, raccoon dogs, hamsters, rabbits, chickens, cattle and a cat, and a total of 220 antibody‐negative sera of the same animal species. Overall, a diagnostic specificity of 100.0% and sensitivity of 98.31% were achieved, and the functionality with every species included in this study could be demonstrated. Hence, a versatile and reliable ELISA protocol was established that enables high‐throughput antibody detection in a broad range of animal species, which may be used for outbreak investigations, to assess the seroprevalence in susceptible species or to screen for reservoir or intermediate hosts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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41. Elektrizitätsversorgungsplanung für ländliche Gebiete in Entwicklungsländern : Ein Optimierungsmodell

Author

Ulrich Lorenz and Ulrich Lorenz

Subjects
Energy policy, Energy and state, Electric power production, Environmental economics
Abstract

Der erste Band der Schriftenreihe behandelt die Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Optimierungsmodells zur Elektrizitätsversorgungsplanung für ländliche Gebiete in Entwicklungsländern. Mit Hilfe eines auf einem Mikrocomputer implementierten Algorithmus wird der kostenminimale Ausbau von Stromerzeugungsanlagen für langfristige Planungszeiträume errechnet. Die Anwendung des Modells auf Regionen in verschiedenen Entwicklungsländern zeigt, daß neben der standortspezifischen Ausbaureihenfolge eine übergeordnete wirtschaftliche Rangfolge im Ausbau der Kraftwerke existiert. Angesprochen sind Ingenieure und Entscheidungsträger im Bereich der Planung von Energiesystemen.

Published
2013

42. Experimental and Computational Modelling of Temperature Gradients during Hot Rolling

Author

L. Neumann, Wolfgang Bleck, Ulrich Lorenz, Reiner Kopp, and Roman Diederichs

Subjects
Austenite, Engineering drawing, Engineering, Computer simulation, business.industry, Metals and Alloys, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Temperature measurement, Finite element method, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Temperature gradient, Ferrite (iron), Materials Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Composite material, business
Abstract

During industrial production of hot strip, problems with cooled edges can occur. At low finish rolling temperatures, the microstructure of the material can be fully austenitic and the edges can display a partially transformed microstructure due to a temperature gradient over the strip width. So the edges could be rolled in the two-phase region of ferrite and austenite, whereas the centre is rolled in the austenitic region. For a proper prediction of the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties distribution, it is necessary to include the temperature gradient in the simulation of the transformation under a given deformation schedule. In this project the microstructure evolution in the final pass during hot rolling with cooled edges is described in a pilot-scale experiment. The transformation behaviour of the material is calculated by means of a semi-empirical transformation model with respect to the temperature gradient over the strip width.

Published
2003
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43. Homogeneity of deformation - Influence of specimen geometry and lubricants — Deformation dilatometer investigations

Author

Ulrich Lorenz and Jens-Jörg Esser

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Homogeneity (statistics), Uniaxial compression, Structural engineering, engineering.material, Deformation (meteorology), Compression (physics), Mechanics of Materials, Homogeneous, Phase (matter), Tool steel, engineering, General Materials Science, Dilatometer, Composite material, business
Abstract

Besides the measurement of phase transformations in dilatometers just by cooling, the importance of pre-straining dilatometer samples has increased to measure directly the influence of deformation on phase transformations. Hence, reliable deformation conditions have to be given in modern deformation dilatometers. The scope of the investigations is a systematic optimisation of test conditions in a deformation dilatometer. One hit and two hit compression has been tested on three different steel grades, i.e. a quenched and tempered steel, a structural steel and a tool steel. The homogeneity of uniaxial compression tests was optimised by investigating the influence of different geometries of the fronts of cylindrical specimens in combination with different lubricants. The homogeneity was evaluated by sample geometry and the distribution of strain and temperature over the specimen area. The results of the presented studies make it possible to achieve better results in uniaxial deformation tests and assure a homogeneous straining of investigated samples.

Published
2003
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44. A method of producing very fine ferrite grains by means of hot forming

Author

Ulrich Lorenz, Wolfgang Bleck, and Caroline Herzig

Subjects
Toughness, Materials science, Metallurgy, Metals and Alloys, 02 engineering and technology, Strain rate, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Grain size, 020501 mining & metallurgy, 0205 materials engineering, Ferrite (iron), Ferrite grain size, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Chemical composition
Abstract

It is well known that refining the grain size of metals should lead to an improvement in the mechanical properties both of strength and of toughness. Therefore, a method has to be improved for the formation of very fine ferrite grains during hot rolling. By means of hot compression tests using an IF-type steel and a HSLA steel the effect of chemical composition, deformation temperature, strain and strain rate on the resulting ferrite grain size has been investigated. By optimising the different process parameters during hot deformation, a ferrite grain of ASTM 15 can be produced. By means of the Hall-Petch relationship an estimation of the influence of ferrite grain refinement on the mechanical properties can be given.

Published
2001
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46. Changes in mineral composition of rabbit corneas after alkali burn

Author

Ulrich Lorenz, Martin Reim, Burchard Wg, Tatjana von Fischern, and Norbert Schrage

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Sodium, medicine.medical_treatment, Chemical burn, chemistry.chemical_element, Cornea, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Animal science, Dry weight, Body Water, Chlorides, Cations, Burns, Chemical, medicine, Animals, Sodium Hydroxide, Prospective Studies, Water content, Saline, Wound Healing, Corneal Edema, Ground substance, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Sensory Systems, Surgery, Ophthalmology, Disease Models, Animal, Eye Burns, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Female, sense organs, Rabbits, Mineral balance, Electron Probe Microanalysis, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

· Background: Mineral balance is essential for maintaining corneal transparency. In preliminary investigations, we found alterations of mineral concentrations in the human cornea after chemical burns. In this prospective study the mineral content of the rabbit cornea was quantified after experimental alkali burns. · Methods: Thirty-two eyes of rabbits were burnt for 30 s with 1 M NaOH. A short period of saline rinsing followed, but no further therapy was given. The eyes of 20 healthy rabbits served as a control. We measured the water content by weighing the cornea before and after drying. The mineral content of the cornea was determined in different stromal layers using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis in the scanning electron microscope. Groups of eight rabbits were examined on days 0, 1, 4 and 8 after the experimental burns. · Results: After alkali burns the mineral composition of the corneal stroma changed considerably. Sodium was present in high concentrations immediately after burning, up to 708 mmol/kg dry weight, and returned to normal on day eight. Chlorine increased significantly throughout the whole period. Sulphur concentrations stayed almost normal, showing only a minute loss of ground substance after alkali burn. A considerable and increasing edema could be concluded from the water content. · Conclusions: Alkali burns resulted in a dramatic change of the corneal mineral content. Therapeutic intervention with appropriate solutions is required to restore and maintain the normal mineral composition of the denuded corneal stroma.

Published
1998

47. The microtrephine. A new diagnostic tool for obtaining corneal biopsies

Author

Ulrich Lorenz, T von Fischern, Norbert Schrage, and Martin Reim

Subjects
Materials science, Biopsy, Alkali burn, Corneal Diseases, Cornea, Corneal edema, Microscopy, Burns, Chemical, medicine, Animals, Sodium Hydroxide, medicine.diagnostic_test, Histology, General Medicine, Corneal perforation, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Ophthalmology, Eye Burns, medicine.anatomical_structure, Trephine, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, sense organs, Rabbits, Biomedical engineering, Corneal Injuries, Electron Probe Microanalysis
Abstract

We have developed a new tool for obtaining biopsies of the cornea in a manner which is less traumatic than former biopsy techniques. The new instrument consists of a drill with an aperture of 160 microns which functions as a trephine and is powered at 30,000 rpm. The instrument contains a 120 microns mandrel to remove the samples. In order to monitor electrolyte contents in alkali burnt corneas, 32 rabbit eyes underwent an alkali burn of one cornea (1 n NaOH for 30 sec) followed by a sequence of microtrephinations at different times. A total of 81 microtrephinations were performed. Fifty samples were obtained. One corneal perforation occurred. Forty-four puncture sites were examined by means of histology. Forty-eight biopsies were examined in a scanning electron microscope and identified as punctures of corneal tissue by way of an energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Human corneas had been punctured with this device.

Published
1994

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