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1. Effectiveness Evaluation of Additional Risk Minimization Measures for Adolescent Use of Aripiprazole in the European Union: Results from a Post-Authorization Safety Study

Author

Timothy Peters-Strickland, Antonia Coppin-Renz, Uli Geis, Mirza Rahman, Wally Landsberg, Imad Al-Dakkak, and Emiel van Heumen

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Risk management plan, Bipolar Disorder, Adolescent, Health Personnel, education, Aripiprazole, MARKETING AUTHORIZATION HOLDER, Toxicology, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Product Surveillance, Postmarketing, media_common.cataloged_instance, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Original Research Article, European Union, European union, media_common, Pharmacology, Response rate (survey), business.industry, Frequently asked questions, Authorization, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family medicine, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Mania, medicine.drug, Antipsychotic Agents
Abstract

Introduction Two risk minimization (RM) tools—a healthcare professional frequently asked questions (HCP-FAQs) brochure and a patient/caregiver information brochure (PCIB)—were developed for HCPs and for adolescents (aged ≥ 13 years) receiving aripiprazole for bipolar I mania and their caregivers. Objectives This study evaluated the effectiveness of these RM tools in improving the awareness and education of HCPs and patients/caregivers. Method The RM tools were distributed to HCPs (identified in agreement with the marketing authorization holder [MAH] and local regulatory authorities), who in turn distributed the PCIBs to patients/caregivers. A web-based survey was then conducted targeting HCPs and patients/caregivers. Results The response rate was low: 118 of 23,282 invited HCPs and 16 patients/caregivers completed the survey. Overall, 42% (49/118) of HCP respondents were aware of aripiprazole RM tools; of these, 59% (29/49) of HCPs read them at least once and 66% (19/29) of these used the RM tools while discussing the benefit–risk profile of aripiprazole with patients/caregivers. In total, 30 of the 118 HCPs (25%) were aware of the PCIB, and 26 distributed it to their patients/caregivers, whereas seven HCPs advised them to read the brochure. Overall, 15 of the 16 patients/caregivers were aware of the PCIB, and 13 read/referred to it. Of these, 12 found the PCIB useful, and five monitored their weight while receiving aripiprazole and reported potential risks immediately to their HCP. Conclusion The response rate to the survey was low, and the tools displayed limited utility and effectiveness in improving awareness and education in a small number of responders. Therefore, the aripiprazole risk management plan was amended, and the tools were discontinued. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40264-018-0662-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2018

2. 8-(Sulfostyryl)xanthines: water-soluble A2A-selective adenosine receptor antagonists11Preliminary results were presented at the International Symposium 'Purines ’96' in Milan, Italy; abstract published in Drug Dev. Res. 1996, 37, 112

Author

Ulrike Schobert, Christa E. Müller, Karl-Norbert Klotz, Uli Geis, Wolfram Frobenius, and Jesús Sandoval-Ramírez

Subjects
Aqueous solution, Chemistry, Stereochemistry, Organic Chemistry, Clinical Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Science, Xanthine, Biochemistry, Adenosine receptor, chemistry.chemical_compound, Water soluble, In vivo, Drug Discovery, Molecular Medicine, Selectivity, Molecular Biology
Abstract

8-(Sulfostyryl)xanthine derivatives were synthesized as water-soluble A2A-selective adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists. meta- and para-sulfostyryl-DMPX (3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine) derivatives 11a and 11b exhibited high affinity to rat A2A-AR in submicromolar concentrations, and were 20- to 30-fold selective versus rat A1-AR. Styryl-DMPX derivatives were inactive at human A2B- and A3-AR. 1,3-Dipropyl-8-p-sulfostyrylxanthine (13) and its 7-methyl derivative (14) showed similar (13) or higher (14) A2A affinity than 11a and 11b but showed no (13) or only a low degree (14) of selectivity versus A1-, A2B-, and A3-AR. The A2A-selective sulfostyryl-DMPX derivatives exhibit high water-solubility and may be useful research tools for in vivo studies.

Published
1998
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3. Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of 3,7-Dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine Derivatives, A2A-Selective Adenosine Receptor Antagonists

Author

Maciej Pawłowski, Fumio Suzuki, Wolfram Frobenius, Uli Geis, Jo Hipp, Jesús Sandoval-Ramírez, Christa E. Müller, and Ulrike Schobert

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Bicyclic molecule, Chemistry, Stereochemistry, Drug Discovery, DMPX, Molecular Medicine, Structure–activity relationship, Selectivity, Xanthine, Receptor, Chemical synthesis, Adenosine receptor
Abstract

A series of 8-substituted derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX) was synthesized and investigated as A2A adenosine receptor antagonists. Different synthetic strategies for the preparation of DMPX derivatives and analogues were explored. A recently developed synthetic procedure starting from 3-propargyl-5,6-diaminouracil proved to be the method of choice for the preparation of this type of xanthine derivatives. The novel compounds were investigated in radioligand binding studies at the high-affinity adenosine receptor subtypes A1 and A2A and compared with standard A2A adenosine receptor antagonists. Structure-activity relationships were analyzed in detail. 8-Styryl-substituted DMPX derivatives were identified that exhibit high affinity and selectivity for A2A adenosine receptors, including 8-(m-chlorostyryl)-DMPX (CS-DMPX, Ki A2A = 13 nM, 100-fold selective), 8-(m-bromostyryl)-DMPX (BS-DMPX, Ki A2A = 8 nM, 146-fold selective), and 8-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-DMPX (Ki A2A = 15 nM, 167-fold selective). These and other novel compounds are superior to the standard A2A adenosine receptor antagonists KF17837 (4) and CSC (5) with respect to A2A affinity and/or selectivity.

Published
1997
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4. Configurationally stable analogs of styrylxanthines as A2A adenosine receptor antagonist

Author

Wolfram Frobenius, J. Hipp, M Pawlowski, Christa E. Müller, Uli Geis, and Ulrike Schobert

Subjects
Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Double bond, Stereochemistry, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, Xanthine, Triple bond, Adenosine receptor antagonist, Ring (chemistry), Adenosine receptor, Cyclopropane, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Drug Discovery, Lead compound
Abstract

Summary Configurationally stable analogs of the potent, A 2A -selective adenosine receptor (AR) antagonist 3, 7-dimethyl-1-propargyl-8-styrylxanthine (8-styryl-DMPX, 3) were synthesized and investigated in radioligand binding assays for affinity to the high-affinity A 1 - and A 2A -AR subtypes of rat brain. All derivatives prepared, including compounds in which the styryl double bond was replaced by a cyclopropane ring or a triple bond, or in which it was integrated into a (hetero) cyclic ring system, were less potent and less selective compared to the parent compound 3. The best compound of the present series was 8-(phenylethynyl)-DMPX ( 21 ), exhibiting a K 1 value at A 2A -AR of 300 nM and a > 10-fold selectivity versus A 1 -AR. In view of its configurational stability, 21 may be an interesting lead compound for the development of more potent A 2A antagonists by introducing appropriate substituents in the phenyl ring. Based on conformational analysis of 8-styrylxanthine and 8-(2-naphthyl)xanthine derivatives, it is hypothesized that the bioactive conformation of ( E )-8-styryl substituents with regard to the imidazole ring of the xanthine nucleus at A 2A -AR may be nearly coplanar and cis oid, and may differ from the bioactive conformation of such xanthine derivatives at A 1 -AR.

Published
1997
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5. Aza-Analogs of 8-Styrylxanthines as A2A-Adenosine Receptor Antagonists

Author

Christa E. Müller, Uli Geis, Wolfram Frobenius, Roland Sauer, Maciej Pawłowski, and Przemyslaw Talik

Subjects
Adenosine, Stereochemistry, Imine, Pharmaceutical Science, Chemical synthesis, Styrenes, Structure-Activity Relationship, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Theophylline, Aza Compounds, Azo compound, Molecular Structure, Cell Membrane, Xanthine, Adenosine receptor, Corpus Striatum, Rats, Kinetics, Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists, chemistry, Xanthines, Caffeine, Lead compound, medicine.drug
Abstract

In the present study we synthesized aza-analogs of 8-styrylxanthines, in which the ethenyl bridge is replaced by an imine, amide, or azo function, in order to investigate structure-activity relation-ships of the 8-substituent of A 2A -selective xanthine derivatives. Thus, various 8-substituents were combined with theophylline or caffeine, respectively, and affinities of the novel compounds for adenosine A 1 - and A 2A -receptors were determined and compared with those of analogous 8-stytylxanthine derivatives. 8-(Benzylideneamino)caffeine derivatives exhibited high affinity and selectivity for A 2A -adenosine receptors, but were unstable in aqueous buffer solution at physiological pH values. 8-(Phenylazo)caffeine derivatives were less potent than corresponding 8-styrylcaffeine derivatives at adenosine receptors. The most potent azo compound of the present series was 8-(m-chlorophenylazo)caffeine (14b) exhibiting a K i value of 400 nM a A 2A -adenosine receptors and 20-fold selectivity versus A 1 -receptors. Due to the facile synthetic access to 8-(phenylazo)xanthine derivatives, which are obtained by coupling of 8-unsubstituted xanthines, with phenyldiazonium salts, 14b may be an interesting new lead compound for the development of more potent and selective A 2A -antagonists with azo structure.

Published
1997
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6. Chiral Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and Pyrimido[4,5-b]indole Derivatives: Structure−Activity Relationships of Potent, Highly Stereoselective A1-Adenosine Receptor Antagonists

Author

Kurt Eger, Uli Geis, Christa E. Müller, Bettina Grahner, and Wolfgang Lanzner

Subjects
Indoles, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Pyrimidine, Stereochemistry, Molecular Conformation, Substituent, Stereoisomerism, Chemical synthesis, Radioligand Assay, Structure-Activity Relationship, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Discovery, Computer Graphics, Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Indole test, Molecular Structure, Bicyclic molecule, Adenine, Receptors, Purinergic P1, Corpus Striatum, Rats, Pyrimidines, Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists, Solubility, chemistry, Hypoxanthines, Lipophilicity, Molecular Medicine, Stereoselectivity, Protein Binding
Abstract

A series of 33 novel, mostly chiral pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and pyrimido[4,5-b]indole derivatives has been synthesized and investigated in radioligand binding assays at the high-affinity adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes A1 and A2a. The compounds can be envisaged as adenine and hypoxanthine analogs lacking the nitrogen in the 7-position (7-deazaadenines and 7-deazahypoxanthines). 7-Deazaadenines were much more potent than 7-deazahypoxanthines at AR with A1AR affinities in the low-nanomolar range, extraordinarily high selectivity for the rat brain A1AR versus the A2aAR (several thousandfold), and high stereoselectivity (up to 96-fold). Pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles were more potent A1AR antagonists compared to pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines. Compound 34a (APEPI) is one of the most potent and most selective nonxanthine A1AR antagonists known to date (Ki = 2.8 nM, > 2000-fold A1-selective). A new class of very potent A1AR antagonists has been identified, namely, 2-phenyl-7-deazaadenines bearing a substituent at the exocyclic amino group (N4-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines). (R)-N- (1-Phenylethyl)-4-amino-5,6-dimethyl-2-phenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin e (DPEAP, 17a) showed a Ki value of 6.7 nM at A1AR and > 4000-fold A1 selectivity. Different binding modes are postulated for the N4-substituted 4-aminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines (e.g., 17a) and the 7-substituted derivatives (e.g., 1a), based on a comparison of steric, electronic, and hydrophobic properties of the two classes of compounds. Water solubility and lipophilicity have been determined for selected compounds. 4-Amino-5,6-dimethyl-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (4a) showed the highest water solubility/A1AR affinity ratio of 368 in the present series, over 2000-fold A1 selectivity, and 64-fold stereoselectivity (R > S). Therefore, 4a should be an interesting compound for in vivo evaluation.

Published
1996
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11. S

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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12. L

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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13. Q

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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14. M

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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15. P

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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16. O

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
Full Text
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17. R

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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18. U

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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19. N

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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20. Z

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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21. T

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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22. X

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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23. V

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
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24. Y

Author

Franz von Bruchhausen, Siegfried Ebel, Eberhard Hackenthal, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Margitta Albinus, Gudrun Amschler, Erwin von Angerer, C. Arras-Reiter, Andrea Bauer, Pia Bauer, Winfried Beil, Thorsten Beyrich, Katja Binder, Roswitha Böhme, Hans-Hubertus Borchert, Franz Bossle, Franz Bracher, Helmut Bräunlich, Ellen Bretschneider, Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Kerstin Brinkmann, Axel Büge, Wolfram Christ, Monika Cimbollek, Rolf Daniels, Gerd Dannhardt, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein, Kurt Eger, Petra Eichhorn, Michael Engler, Thomas Erker, Peter Felfe, Alfred Fenyves, Reinhard Fescharek, Carmen Frackenpohl, August Wilhelm Frahm, Margarete Frahm, Volker Franke, Ulrich Franken, Detlef Geffken, Uli Geis, Erika Glusa, Berthold Göber, Peter Ndive Gobina, Werner Golder, Margarete Goppelt-Strübe, Katharina Götte, Erkme Gottstein, Michael Grosam, Markus von Gruchalla, Michael Gütschow, Annette Häfner, Boris Haluszczynski, Achim Harder, Sabine Hartmann, Susanne Hartmann, Dieter Heber, Gerhard Heinemeyer, Eberhard Heller, Dietrich von Herrath, J. Hilfenhaus, Ute Hoffmann-Schollmayer, Bernhard Hofmann, Christian Holpert, Ute Hübner-Steiner, Elisabeth Inkmann, Jens Jürgens, Brigitte Kaiser, Dieter-Abbo Kalbhen, Hans Kemmler, Werner Kiefer, Christoph Klett, Stephanie Klett, Martin Klingmüller, Hans-Peter Klöcking, Gerd Kobal, Axel Kramer, Mareta Kreher, M. Krüger, Markus Kuhn, Marion Sylvia Lehner, Detlef Leopoldt, Georg Liedtke, Detlef Manns, Wolfgang Matthiessen, Andreas Maurer, Wolfgang Meindl, Klaus Menges, Paul Messinger, Frank Peter Meyer, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Manfred Moos, Rudolf Morgenstern, Klaus Müller, Walter E. Müller, Corina Nachtsheim, Tilo Netzer, Michael Neugebauer, Werner Neupert, Peter Nickel, Peter Nuhn, Bernd Nürnberg, H. Oelschläger, Joachim Oertel, Michael Oettel, Hartmut Oßwald, Robert Ott, Tilmann Ott, Thomas Otzen, Peter Pachaly, Helmut Pelzer, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Rainer Pick, Martina Pickert, Andreas Pies, Eberhard Reimann, Joachim Richter, Kai Riecke, Suzanne Ritter, Hans Rommelspacher, Ulrich Rose, Gernot Roth, Gerhard Rücker, Judith Schäfer, Joachim G. Schantl, Helmut Schlager, Hildegard Schleinitz, Max Schmauß, Helmut Schmidhammer, Gerhard Schmidt, Timo Schmidt, B. Schneeweiß, Johannes Schräder, Thomas Schulz, Gert Schulze, Peter Schwanz, Johannes Schweiger, Gisela Skopp, Gisela Skorka, Kai Smolinka, Ulrich Speck, Ralf Stahlmann, Herbert Stein, Karlheinz Stiefvater, Karl-Heinz Surborg, Ulf Sürig, Hubert Szelényi, Istvan Szelenyi, Alfred Täufel, Ruth Thieroff-Ekerdt, Reinhard Troschütz, Michael Verborg, Eugen J. Verspohl, Sabine Vogel, Franz-Josef Volk, Thomas Vorwerk, Jürgen Wallmann, Martin Wenzel, Marion Weyandt-Spangenberg, Sandra Wich, Reinhold Wintersteiger, Frauke Woltmann, Beate Wüst, G. Zilow, and A. Kluge

Published
1999
Full Text
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26. Arylidene imidazothiazoles. Synthesis, structure and benzodiazepine receptor binding

Author

Christa E. Müller, Uli Geis, Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz, Waldemar Ksiazek, Janina Karolak-Wojciechowska, and Ewa Szymanska

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Diazepine, chemistry, Bicyclic molecule, Stereochemistry, Organic Chemistry, Substituent, Biological activity, Ring (chemistry), Benzodiazepine receptor binding
Abstract

A series of arylidene imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles was synthesized, in order to investigate the influence of different spatial arrangements of the arylidene substituent towards the bicyclic structure of imidazo[2,1-b]-thiazole on benzodiazepine receptor affinity. 1,2- And 2,3-cyclized derivatives of mono- and di-substituted Z-5-arylidene-2-thiohydantoins were investigated. As an example of E isomers E-5-benzylidene-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-6(5H)-one was obtained. The spatial arrangement of the arylidene sub stituent toward the bicyclic structure as well as the character of isomers had little influence on the benzo diazepine receptor affinity of the compounds. It seems that the greatest influence on biological activity has the nature and the number of substituents on the phenyl ring. All investigated imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles were less active than previously described arylidene imidazo[2,1-b]thiazepinones.

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