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WOS: 000468557500008, Artificial immune systems inspired by the natural immune system are used in problems such as classification, optimization, anomaly detection, and error detection. In these problems, clonal selection algorithm, artificial immune network algorithm, and negative selection algorithm are generally used. This chapter aims to solve the problem of correct identification and classification of patients using negative selection (NS) and variable detector negative selection (V-DET NS) algorithms. The authors examine the performance of NSA and V-DET NSA algorithms using three sets of medical data sets from Parkinson, carotid artery doppler, and epilepsy patients. According to the obtained results, NSA achieved 92.45%, 91.46%, and 92.21% detection accuracy and 92.46%, 93.40%, and 90.57% classification accuracy. V-DET NSA achieved 94.34%, 94.52%, and 91.51% classification accuracy and 94.23%, 94.40%, and 89.29% detection accuracy. As can be seen from these values, V-Det NSA yielded a better result. Artificial immune system emerges as an effective and promising system in terms of problem-solving performance.

WOS: 000472481600015 Economic Dispatch Problem (EDP) is a complex, constrained and non-linear optimization problem. In the EDP, it is aimed to minimize the system fuel cost between minimum and maximum limits of the active power buses. In this study, a modified hybrid Gravitational Search- Teaching-Learning Based Optimization Algorithm (MHGT), a quick, efficient and reliable method is proposed by combining standard Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and Teaching-Learning Based Optimization (TLBO). The proposed MHGT method was developed by modifying the global search superiority in GSA and powerful local search specialty in TLBO for the solution of constrained optimization problem. The MHGT was tested experimentally by well-known and mostly used ten benchmark function in the literature. The proposed method was first implemented on a 6 bus wind-thermal power system for 400, 450 and 500 MW powers. Then, it was implemented on Turkey 19 bus wind-thermal power system according to different ratios of the installed power as 25, 27.5 and 30 percent to solve the EDP problem. The obtained results were compared with the results of other studies. From the results, it is seen that the proposed MHGT method finds the solution in a short execution time and less fuel cost with more reliably and more efficiently in terms of both fuel cost and execution time.