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This study delves into the complex dynamics of land ownership in Udenu, Enugu State, Nigeria, and how these dynamics influence real estate development. In Udenu, land ownership is largely dictated by customary practices, where land is communally or family-owned and passed down through generations without formal documentation. This lack of legal titles poses significant challenges for real estate developers, who often face legal uncertainties and administrative hurdles when trying to acquire land. The situation is further complicated by the coexistence of these traditional practices with statutory regulations, particularly after the introduction of Nigeria's Land Use Act of 1978. This overlap has led to conflicts and delays in land management. The study examines how these land ownership issues impact both urban and rural development in Udenu. In urban areas, fragmented land ownership slows down urbanization, causing conflicts between the need for development and traditional landholding patterns. In rural areas, unclear land titles and resistance to converting agricultural land for other purposes hinder development. The practice of dividing land among heirs further fragments landholdings, making it difficult to find large plots for development. Through case studies, the research underscores the importance of clear land ownership structures for successful real estate projects in Udenu. For instance, successful developments in Obollo-A for highlight the economic benefits of resolving land ownership issues, while stalled projects in Ibagwa-Aka and Amalla-Egazi demonstrate the challenges posed by land disputes and opposition from local communities. The study also looks at current trends in Udenu, such as efforts to formalize land titles and increased government involvement in land management. These trends are expected to improve land tenure security, reduce disputes, and attract more investment to the region. However, ongoing land disputes, high land costs, and bureaucratic obstacles remain significant challenges. The study recommends comprehensive reforms to harmonize customary and statutory land tenure systems, improve land administration, and promote secure and transparent land ownership practices. By involving all stakeholders; traditional authorities, government bodies, developers, and local communities, Udenu can unlock its real estate potential, achieve sustainable economic growth, and preserve its cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global trend of investing in real property portfolios offers diversification, profitability, and a hedge against inflation. However, international investors encounter significant challenges in developing economies like Nigeria. Despite Nigeria's attractiveness due to its large population, rapid urbanization, and growing middle class, factors such as political instability, corruption, economic volatility, limited access to finance, and complex legal and regulatory frameworks inhibit foreign investment. Political instability and insecurity create an unpredictable environment, while corruption and bureaucracy further complicate business operations. Economic dependence on oil and infrastructure deficiencies also poses substantial risks. Addressing these multifaceted challenges is crucial for maximizing the investment potential in Nigeria's real estate market. Literature reveals both the opportunities and barriers for international investors, emphasizing the need for improved regulatory frameworks and infrastructure to attract and sustain foreign investment in Nigeria's real property sector. The study investigates the perceptions of respondents regarding various factors influencing foreign real estate investment in Nigeria, focusing on political instability, legal framework, economic fluctuations, infrastructure inadequacy, and potential improvements. Analysis of survey data, including histograms, ogive curves, and statistical metrics such as mean weight and standard deviation, reveals key insights. A significant proportion of respondents hold negative views on political instability and policy changes with the highest frequencies in Strongly Disagree and Disagree categories. The mean weight of 2.63 and a standard deviation of 1.49 indicate a general tendency towards disagreement with moderate variation. Respondents predominantly disagree that Nigeria's legal framework for property is clear and well-enforced, with a mean weight of 1.93 and a standard deviation of 1.34, reflecting a consensus on perceived regulatory inconsistencies and risks. There is prevalent disagreement that economic conditions and oil dependency positively impact the real estate market. The mean weight is 2.43, with a standard deviation of 1.52, indicating concerns about economic instability affecting investor confidence. The majority strongly agree that inadequate infrastructure is a major barrier to foreign real estate investment, with a mean weight of 4.53 and a standard deviation of 1.75, showing strong consensus on the need for infrastructure improvements. Respondents agree that improving political stability and legal regulations would boost investment, indicated by a mean weight of 3.6 and a standard deviation of 1.41, reflecting moderate agreement. There is strong agreement that diversifying the economy and improving infrastructure would enhance market stability and attractiveness, with a mean weight of 4.08 and a standard deviation of 1.60. The findings highlight significant concerns regarding political, legal, and economic factors, while emphasizing the importance of infrastructure improvements and economic diversification for attracting and sustaining foreign real estate investment in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Nigeria, how land is owned and used is complicated. There are different types of rules, both official and traditional, that decide who can use land. This study looks at how people owning land in Nigeria affects how it's used. By studying laws, history, and current problems, the study wants to find out what issues landowners and investors face. It gives ideas to fix these problems, like changing laws, using computers to keep records of land, making it easier to register land, making sure people can keep their land for a long time, helping people solve problems over land, teaching people about land, and building up communities. Doing these things can help Nigeria get more money invested, make the economy better, have fewer fights over land, give people more chances to borrow money, help the country grow in a way that doesn't hurt the environment, make things fairer for everyone, and make sure everyone knows what's happening with land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]