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The characteristics of the hydrogenation of dibenzyltoluene (H0-DBT) were investigated under a low-pressure system. The hydrogenation experiments were carried out over various metal catalysts, and the Raney-Ni catalyst was found to be the most active. The experiments, all conducted using 10 g of DBT and 1 g of Raney-Ni, studied the influence of various parameters including, pressure, temperature, dosage of H0-DBT, and the stirring speed. The results indicated that 170 °C was the optimal temperature for the hydrogenation reaction, at an initial pressure of 0.80 MPa and a stirring speed of 800 rpm. Moreover, the hydrogenation performance of H0-DBT was compared with 9-ethylcarbazole; the H0-DBT yielded a higher hydrogen capacity (4 wt.%), in comparison with 9-ECZ (2.79 wt.%). Lastly, dehydrogenation reactions of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene (4.36 and 2 wt.%) were carried out over 1 % Pt/C catalyst, at 290 °C, to investigate the amount of hydrogen gas evolved.

Flow boiling experiments were conducted in a staggered array micro pin fin channel heat sink with deionized water for two-phase pressure drop and boiling heat transfer at constant heat flux. Micro ...

The hydrogenation characteristics of 9-ethylcarbazole (9-ECZ) over Raney-Ni catalyst within the pressure range 0.2–0.8 MPa was investigated in this work. Initially, hydrogenation experiments were performed over various catalysts which revealed that 5 wt.% Ru/Al2O3 was the most active catalyst, whereas, Raney-Ni being least expensive was chosen for this study. Ten grams of 9-ECZ and 1 g of Raney-Ni were added to the stirrer type reactor, the effect of various parameters such as temperature, pressure, catalyst dosage, and stirring speed were examined. The results indicated that the optimal reaction temperature was 160 °C at a maximal pressure (0.8 MPa), stirring speed (800 rpm). Furthermore, 2 g of 9-ECZ was used with Raney-Ni dosages of 0.2 and 1.0 g and the corresponding hydrogen uptake was 5.16 wt.% and 5.81 wt.%, respectively. Lastly, three cyclic experiments were conducted to investigate the reversibility of the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of 9-ECZ at 180 °C.