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A 20-day old calf was presented to the Adnan Menderes University, Veterinary Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and less than one month old calf in the field was reported by the Veterinary Surgeon at different times in 2017 from different farms to Umurlu district. On arrival the present one case presented fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, anormal bleeding symptoms [hemolacria (bloody tears), epistaxis, ear bleeding, prolonged bleeding time following injection and recurrent bleeding all over the body after minor trauma or spontaneously] and the others had an spontaneously bleeding on injection side. As being informed by the owner of both calves there was no change after the treatment performed by initial Veterinary Surgeon for two weeks. In an attempt to determine alterations that might be related to probable bovine neonatal pancytopenia (BNP), blood gas analysis, selected coagulation parameters were analyzed. Only in the first case, performed both rapid ELİSA test kit (IDEXX SNAP ® BVDV AntigenTest, United States) and PCR (Veterinary Research Control Instıtute, Bornova, İzmir) tested for bovine virus diarrhea virus antigen that were all negative. According to blood gase analysis of first case, Hct (+(130.2 mmol/L), K++(4.03 mmol/L), iCa (1.21 mmol/L), HCO3 (32.8 mmol/L), BE (+6.5 mmol) and coagulation parameter in both cases PT (>101 sec) and fibrinogen (> 113 mg/dL) as well as APTT (64.1 and 67.3 sec) were analyzed respectively. As a result of histopathological analysis and postmortem examination of first case, macroscopically petechial hemorrhage on the whole body, linear bleeding in jejenum and microscopically excudate with fibrin, neutrophil and blood in intestinal villus, tonsillar crypt, and pulmonary alveolus were obtained while other case could not be performed. As a result of clinical examination and laboratory results were suspected BNP and this is first reported case of hemolacria in a calf and associated coagulation variations in calves in Eagean Region of Turkey.

In the present multidisciplinary study, the researchers on a field trial performed a Social Network approach and a group of 9 calves (3 males/6 females) aged 10 to 16 weeks. A 24 hours digital camera was used for location registration (X-Y position) and interactions on each calf, both individually and collectively. Based on the simple methodology nearest neighbor matrix positive and negative associations were analyzed. The field study lasted 4 weeks and the maximum interaction day was chosen, when individual calf activity was high. To those of 9 calves solely no 2 was infected with giardiasis on the first week, whereas calves with no: 2, 7, and 8 were also infected on the second week. No: 4 and 6 were also infected with a total of 5 calves on the third week. This was followed by the final 6 calves in total infected. During the observation period, both by investigators and camera records, infected calf 2 was in close contact with no: 8 (at morning observation) and a slight degree of contact with no: 3 and 4 which were detected with giardiasis on the third and fourt weeks, respectively. Due to close contact with no: 8, infection was determined on the second week, earlier than others (except no: 7). Calves with no: 1 and 5 were never infected nor determined by PCR, fecal smear, or rapid diagnostic test kits throughout the study. In conclusion, the present authors suggested that social networking might be an important predisposing factor for giardiasis infection among calves.

In the present case report, the authors inspected the feasibility of transferring unenriched (however moistured and pre-biotic treated) skin microbiota communities between two heterologous hosts, namely heterologue skin microbiota transplantation (hSmT), [from apparently healthy donor to other relevant and diseased dogs, with scabies, separately]. Two cross-bred, client-owned dogs (belonging to the same owners) with a diagnosis of scabies and intense pruritus were enrolled. Nivea Clear Up Strips were attached in a total of 3 various apparently healthy integumentary tissue of another donor dog and allowed to dry for 10-12 minutes. This was followed by peeling off, all 3 strips were then transferred to diseased skin tissue (laterolateral area in 2 dogs with scabies, separately) which were also irrigated with isotonic and allowed to attach for at least 12-15 minutes. Finally, all 3 strips were removed. Both in case I and II, Vas pruritus scores were decreased significantly beginning on day 0 (initial hSmT day) to days 21. Vas pruritus score ranged between 8-10 and 7-9, in case I and II, respectively, prior to hSmT [days -14 to day 0]. Prior to hSmT all skin scrape positivity were deemed available on days -14 to 0, whereas after day 2 of hSmT, all 2 dogs gave negative skin scraping results till the end of the study. It should not be unwise to draw preliminary conclusion that transfer of unenriched skin microbiota from a healthy donor to the diseased dogs with scabies, should have helped hastening clinical and parasitological recovery by manipulation of cutaneous microenvironment, Bu vaka raporunda yazarlar, iki heterolog konakçı arasında (görünüşe göre sağlıklı donörden diğer uyuzlu hasta köpeklere ayrı ayrı) zenginleştirilmemiş (ancak nemlendirilen ve probiyotik uygulanan) deri mikrobiyota topluluklarının transferinin (hDmT) uygulanabilirliğini inceledi. Uyuz tanısı konulan ve yoğun kaşıntısı bulunan sahipli (aynı hasta sahibine ait olan), melez ırkı 2 köpek çalışmaya dahil edildi. Nivea t bölgesi burun bantları, başka donör bir köpeğin görünüşte sağlıklı toplamda 3 farklı integümenter dokusuna yapıştırıldı ve 10-12 dakika kurumaya bırakıldı. Akabinde bantlar alınarak her 3 bant izotonik ile irrige edilen hasta deri dokusuna (her iki uyuzlu köpekte ayrı ayrı laterolateral bölgelere) yapıştırıldı en az 12-15 dakika yapışmasına izin verildi. Sonunda 3 bantta uzaklaştırıldı. Vas prurtius skorları, hem vaka I hem de II'de, 0. günden (hDmT başlangıç günü) 21. güne kadar önemli ölçüde azaldı. hDmT’den önce [-14. –(0.) günler] Vas kaşıntı skoru vaka I’ de 8-10, vaka II’ de 7-9 arasında değişmekteydi. hDmT’den önce, deri kazıntıları -14 ila 0. günlerde pozitif iken, hDmT’nin 2. gününden sonra, her iki köpekte çalışmanın sonuna kadar negatif elde edildi. Zenginleştirilmemiş deri mikrobiyotasının sağlıklı bir donörden hasta uyuzlu köpeklere aktarılmasının, deri mikroekolojisinin manipülasyonu ile klinik ve parazitolojik iyileşmeyi hızlandırmış olması gerektiği gibi bir ön yargıya varmak yanlış olmayacaktır.

Present research was conducted at the University of Aydin Adnan Menderes, Faculty of Veterinary. In a total of 10 cats with pruritic dermatoses were allocated, classified [Feline atopic skin syndrome (FaSs)] and adapted to the retrospective case controlled study on the basis of Polycheck in vitro Allergy Test, clinical signs, dermatoscopic and cytological examination. No prior drug prescription, nor immunosuppressive treatment were evident, which was an inclusion criteria. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry, and endocrine panels were all deemed available on days 0 and 21 for all cats involved. The Feline Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (FeDESI) and a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) were deemed available as relevant prognostic parameters. A three strain invoving soil-based probiotic used via rectal route significantly decreased FEDESI and VAS pruritus scores after 10 days of rectal use. Pre-treament day 0 FEDESI scores (median ± SD) (106.3 ± 41.38), were significantly higher than scores on day 10 (15.3 ± 10.53) switching the severity of the disease to mild status in all cases. Furthermore, day 0 VAS pruritus scores were 7.4 ± 1.78 (mean ± SD) (prior to treatment), whereas owner VAS pruritus score was decreased to 1.3 ± 1.06 (mean ± SD) significantly (p=0.005). It should not be unwise to draw preliminary conclusion that 3 chained soil-based Bacillus probiotic was capable of short term cure for FaSs. Bacillus probiotics with safety usage should be added to therapeutical armamentarium of FaSs.

Fitoterapötik ve doğal ürünlerin kullanımı ve/veya immunonutrisyon yükselen değer taşımaktadır. Doğal ürünlere dönüş ve normalde besinsel öğe gibi görünen fitoterapötik unsurların kullanımı ile veteriner hekimliği alanında sayısız hastalığın sağaltılabildiği görülmektedir. Yüksek ekonomik değere sahip turunçgillerin (Sitrus ailesi) geviş getiren hayvanlarda rasyona katkısı bilinse de, terapötik amaçla kullanımına dair bilinmeyenler mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın çıkış amacı olarak ülkemizdeki en yeni doğal müstahzarlardan birisi olan turunç çekirdeği ekstraktının ishalli ve ishali bulunmayan 2 farklı grup buzağıda gizli temizlik skoru ile dışkı kıvamı skorları üzerine etkinliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. ……. İli’ nde ticari faaliyette bulunan bir işletmede 11 ishalli, 7 sağlıklı olmak üzere toplamda 18 buzağıda dışkı kıvamı ve gizli temizlik skorları 0 ila 3’lük skalada değerlendirildikten sonra her 2 grup buzağıya da turunç çekirdeği ekstraktı rektal enema şeklinde 1 hafta süre ile 20’şer ml uygulandı. Uygulama sonrası dışkı kıvamı ve gizli temizlik skorlarında azalma (0-1 arası) görüldü. Her iki skorda da belirgin azalma olması turunç çekirdeği ekstraktının etkinliği ile önerilen dozda sahada pratik kullanımına dair ipuçları verebilir., Phytotherapeutic and natural compounds and/or immunonutrition has gained increased use. It is seen that various diseases in veterinary medicine can be treated with returning to natural products and using of phytotherapeutic compounds that as normally appear to be nutritional elements. Even if it is known that citrus by-products being high economic value can be added to ruminant rations, there are unknowns about therapeutic using. The aim of this study was to state the effect of citrus seed extract, which is one of the novel natural preparations in our country, on hide cleanliness and stool consistency scores in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic 2 different calves group. After evaluating the stool consistency and hide cleanliness which scored on a scale of 0 to 3 in totally 18 calves of 11 with diarrhea and 7 healthy, citrus seed extract was applied to both group by rectal enema with 20 ml for one week in a commercial enterprise farm in…….. Province. After application, a decrease of stool consistency and hide cleanliness scores (between 0-1) was observed. Significant reduction in both scores after application may give clues about the effectiveness of citrus seed extract and its practical use in the field at the recommended dose.