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1,595 results on '"Turku PET Centre"'

1. Bioimpedance Based Monitoring of Operation Wound and Skin Graft Healing

Author: Tampere University of Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku PET Centre, and Tampere University
Published: 2018

2. The Effects of Short-time High-intensity Interval Training on Tissue Glucose and Fat Metabolism in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (HITPET)

Author: European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes, Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland, Orion Farmos Research Foundation, Academy of Finland, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Verve Research, Oulu, Finland, and University of Helsinki
Published: 2011

3. Increased target volume and hydrogen content in [11C]CH4 production

Author: Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Finland, Helin, S., Arponen, E., Rajander, J., Aromaa, J., Johansson, S., Solin, O., Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Finland, Helin, S., Arponen, E., Rajander, J., Aromaa, J., Johansson, S., and Solin, O.
Abstract: Introduction High starting radioactivity is usually advantageous for producing radiopharmaceuticals with high specific radioactivity. However, the [11C]CH4 yields from N2-H2 gas target fall short from theoretical amounts, as calculated from the cross section for the well-known 14N(p,α)11C nuclear reaction1. The beneficial effect of increased target chamber temperature on [11C]CH4 yields has recently been brought forward by us2 and others3. In addition to the temperature effect, our attention has also been on the hydrogen content factor. This study intends to examine the N2-H2 target performance in a substantially larger target chamber and at higher temperatures than our setup before and compare the results to the existing data. Materials and Methods Aluminium bodied custom design target chamber is used in fixed 17 MeV proton beam irradiations. Target chamber is equipped with heating elements and cooling circuit for temperature control. In addition to the target chamber body temperature, the target gas loading pressure and irradiation current can be varied. The irradiation product is collected into an ad-sorbent trap that was immersed in a liquid argon cooling bath within a dose calibrator. Results and Conclusion Pursued data will show [11C]CH4 saturation yields (Ysat [GBq/µA]) at different irradiation and target parameters.
Published: 2015

4. Cold Acclimation as a Modulator of Brown Adipose Tissue Function in Adults With Obesity (MOTORBAT)

Author: University of Turku, University of Barcelona, University of Ottawa, and Kirsi Virtanen, Associate Professor at Turku PET Centre
Published: 2023

5. Quantifying ADHD symptoms in open-ended everyday life contexts with a new virtual reality task

Author: Alexandra Hering, Salmitaival J, Puhakka J, Lipsanen J, Seesjärvi E, Laine M, Sascha Zuber, Mannerkoski M, Aronen Et, Matthias Kliegel, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Tilburg University, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Turku PET Centre, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Developmental Psychology, Medicum, Lastenneurologian yksikkö, HUS Children and Adolescents, Faculty of Medicine, Clinicum, Children's Hospital, Lastenpsykiatria, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Teachers' Academy, Faculty Common Matters (Faculty of Medicine), and Attention and Memory Networks Research Group
Subjects: Parents, 515 Psychology, CHILDREN, HYPERACTIVITY, Virtual reality, Neuropsychological Tests, CONTINUOUS PERFORMANCE-TEST, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, 050105 experimental psychology, VALIDATION, Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, RATINGS, DEFICITS, mental disorders, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, ADHD, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Attention, Adhd symptoms, VALIDITY, Everyday life, Child, OBJECTIVE MEASURES, ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER, 05 social sciences, Clinical Psychology, real-world attention, executive function, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, PROSPECTIVE MEMORY, virtual reality, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, naturalistic behavior, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: Objective: To quantify goal-directed behavior and ADHD symptoms in naturalistic conditions, we developed a virtual reality task, EPELI (Executive Performance in Everyday LIving), and tested its predictive, discriminant and concurrent validity. Method: We collected EPELI data, conventional neuropsychological task data, and parent-ratings of executive problems and symptoms in 38 ADHD children and 38 typically developing controls. Results: EPELI showed predictive validity as the ADHD group exhibited higher percentage of irrelevant actions reflecting lower attentional-executive efficacy and more controller movements and total game actions, both indicative of hyperactivity-impulsivity. Further, the five combined EPELI measures showed excellent discriminant validity (area under curve 88 %), while the correlations of the EPELI efficacy measure with parent-rated executive problems ( r = .57) and ADHD symptoms ( r = .55) pointed to its concurrent validity. Conclusion: We provide a proof-of-concept validation for a new virtual reality tool for ecologically valid assessment of ADHD symptoms.
Published: 2022

6. Bodily feelings and aesthetic experience of art

Author: Lauri Nummenmaa, Riitta Hari, Turku PET Centre, Department of Art and Media, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: aesthetic experience, bodily feelings, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Developmental and Educational Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, art
Abstract: Humans all around the world are drawn to creating and consuming art due to its capability to evoke emotions, but the mechanisms underlying art-evoked emotions remain poorly characterized. Here we show how embodiement contributes to emotions evoked by a large database of visual art pieces. In four experiments, we mapped the subjective feeling space of art-evoked emotions (n = 244), quantified “bodily fingerprints” of these emotions (n = 615), and recorded the subjects’ interest annotations (n = 306) and eye movements (n = 21) while viewing the art. We show that art evokes a wide spectrum of emotional feelings, and that the bodily fingerprints triggered by art are central to these feelings, especially in artworks where human figures are the subjectively most salient Altogether these results support the model that bodily sensations are central to the aesthetic emotional experience.
Published: 2023
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7. Bodily maps of emotions are culturally universal

Author: Lauri Nummenmaa, Enrico Glerean, Riitta Hari, Jari K. Hietanen, Sofia Volynets, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Tampere University, Department of Art, Turku PET Centre, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Adult, Male, bodily feelings, Adolescent, Culture, Emotions, emotion, PsycINFO, Background factors, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, Young Adult, cross-cultural, Sensation, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, General Psychology, Aged, Universalism, Aged, 80 and over, Age differences, 05 social sciences, Cultural universal, Emotional words, Middle Aged, Somatosensation, self-reporting, Female, Body, Psychology, subjective
Abstract: Emotions are often felt in the body, and interoceptive feedback is an important component of conscious emotional experiences. Here, we provide support for the cultural universality of bodily sensations associated with 13 emotions in a large international sample (3,954 individuals from 101 countries; age range = 18-90). Participants were presented with 2 silhouettes of bodies alongside emotional words and asked to color the bodily regions whose activity they felt increasing or decreasing while they experienced each given emotion. We tested the effects of various background factors (i.e., age, sex, education, body mass index, nationality, civilization, and language) on the bodily sensation maps. Bodily sensations associated with emotions were concordant across the tested cultures (rs > 0.82) and across the sexes (r > 0.80). Bodily sensations weakened during aging (M rs = 0.11 across emotions). We conclude that universality in experiencing emotions in the body is stronger than the differences due to culture or sex. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Published: 2020

8. Arcuate fasciculus architecture is associated with individual differences in pre-attentive detection of unpredicted music changes

Author: Vaquero, Lucía, Ramos Escobar, Neus, Cucurell, David, François, Clémen, Putkinen, Vesa, Segura González, Emma, Huotilainen, Minna, Penhune, Virginia, Rodríguez Fornells, Antoni, Mind and Matter, Department of Education, Behavioural Sciences, Brain, Music and Learning, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, CICERO Learning, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Polytechnic University of Madrid, Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Turku PET Centre (Turku University Hospital), University of Helsinki, Concordia University (Concordia University), International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Center For Research on Brain, Language, and Music, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), and Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
Subjects: Male, 6162 Cognitive science, Individuality, Error prediction, behavioral disciplines and activities, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, lcsh:RC321-571, Young Adult, Hearing, Arcuate fasciculus, Memory, Xarxes neuronals (Neurobiologia), Humans, Attention, EEG, Neural networks (Neurobiology), lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Cerebral Cortex, MMN, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Structural connectivity, 3112 Neurosciences, Electroencephalography, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter, Acoustic Stimulation, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Nerve Net, Music, psychological phenomena and processes, Oïda, Música, Memòria
Abstract: International audience; The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event related brain potential (ERP) elicited by unpredicted sounds presented in a sequence of repeated auditory stimuli. The neural sources of the MMN have been previously attributed to a fronto-temporo-parietal network which crucially overlaps with the so-called auditory dorsal stream, involving inferior and middle frontal, inferior parietal, and superior and middle temporal regions. These cortical areas are structurally connected by the arcuate fasciculus (AF), a three-branch pathway supporting the feedback-feedforward loop involved in auditory-motor integration, auditory working memory, storage of acoustic templates, as well as comparison and update of those templates. Here, we characterized the individual differences in the white-matter macrostructural properties of the AF and explored their link to the electrophysiological marker of passive change detection gathered in a melodic multifeature MMN-EEG paradigm in 26 healthy young adults without musical training. Our results show that left fronto-temporal white-matter connectivity plays an important role in the pre-attentive detection of rhythm modulations within a melody. Previous studies have shown that this AF segment is also critical for language processing and learning. This strong coupling between structure and function in auditory change detection might be related to life-time linguistic (and possibly musical) exposure and experiences, as well as to timing processing specialization of the left auditory cortex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time in which the relationship between neurophysiological (EEG) and brain white-matter connectivity indexes using DTI-tractography are studied together. Thus, the present results, although still exploratory, add to the existing evidence on the importance of studying the constraints imposed on cognitive functions by the underlying structural connectivity.
Published: 2021

9. Dimension reduction for time series in a blind source separation context using r

Author: Klaus Nordhausen, Markus Matilainen, Joni Virta, Sara Taskinen, Jari Miettinen, Vienna University of Technology, Turku PET Centre, Dept Signal Process and Acoust, Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis, University of Jyväskylä, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Series (mathematics), Stochastic volatility, Computer science, blind source separation, supervised dimension reduction, R, signaalinkäsittely, Dimensionality reduction, signaalianalyysi, Context (language use), Covariance, Blind signal separation, QA273-280, aikasarja-analyysi, R-kieli, Dimension (vector space), monimuuttujamenetelmät, Blind source separation, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Time series, Algorithm, Software, Supervised dimension reduction
Abstract: Funding Information: The work of KN was supported by the CRoNoS COST Action IC1408 and the Austrian Science Fund P31881-N32. The work of ST was supported by the CRoNoS COST Action IC1408. The work of JV was supported by Academy of Finland (grant 321883). We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments which improved the paper and package considerably. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, American Statistical Association. All rights reserved. Multivariate time series observations are increasingly common in multiple fields of science but the complex dependencies of such data often translate into intractable models with large number of parameters. An alternative is given by first reducing the dimension of the series and then modelling the resulting uncorrelated signals univariately, avoiding the need for any covariance parameters. A popular and effective framework for this is blind source separation. In this paper we review the dimension reduction tools for time series available in the R package tsBSS. These include methods for estimating the signal dimension of second-order stationary time series, dimension reduction techniques for stochastic volatility models and supervised dimension reduction tools for time series regression. Several examples are provided to illustrate the functionality of the package.
Published: 2021

10. Peripheral blood DNA methylation differences in twin pairs discordant for Alzheimer's disease

Author: Konki, Mikko, Malonzo, Maia, Karlsson, Ida K., Lindgren, Noora, Ghimire, Bishwa, Smolander, Johannes, Scheinin, Noora M., Ollikainen, Miina, Laiho, Asta, Elo, Laura L., Lonnberg, Tapio, Roytta, Matias, Pedersen, Nancy L., Kaprio, Jaakko, Lahdesmaki, Harri, Rinne, Juha O., Lund, Riikka J., Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Department of Public Health, Jaakko Kaprio / Principal Investigator, Clinicum, Epigenetics of Complex Diseases and Traits, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Turku, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and Physiology Research Group, SyMMys, Karolinska Institutet, Turku PET Centre, University of Helsinki, Åbo Akademi University, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology (HIIT), Department of Computer Science, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: DEMENTIA, 3122 Cancers, Twin pair, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, Peripheral blood, Alzheimer's disease, SUSCEPTIBILITY, ANK1, Hippocampus, GENE, PET, ADAR3, CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM, REGISTRY, HISTORY, DNA methylome
Abstract: Background Alzheimer's disease results from a neurodegenerative process that starts well before the diagnosis can be made. New prognostic or diagnostic markers enabling early intervention into the disease process would be highly valuable. Environmental and lifestyle factors largely modulate the disease risk and may influence the pathogenesis through epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation. As environmental and lifestyle factors may affect multiple tissues of the body, we hypothesized that the disease-associated DNA methylation signatures are detectable in the peripheral blood of discordant twin pairs. Results Comparison of 23 disease discordant Finnish twin pairs with reduced representation bisulfite sequencing revealed peripheral blood DNA methylation differences in 11 genomic regions with at least 15.0% median methylation difference and FDR adjusted p value
Published: 2019

11. Cross-cultural similarity in relationship-specific social touching

Author: Ryo Kitada, Lauri Nummenmaa, Tokiko Harada, Norihiro Sadato, Robert Turner, Riitta Hari, Robin I. M. Dunbar, Juulia T. Suvilehto, School of Social Sciences, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Turku PET Centre, Hiroshima University, Department of Computer Science, Department of Art, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Male, Performance, Cultural Difference, bonding, 0302 clinical medicine, touch, Japan, Cultural diversity, Social touch, General Environmental Science, integumentary system, 05 social sciences, Communication [Social sciences], General Medicine, Middle Aged, social touch, Female, Social Touch, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Psychology, Social psychology, Social structure, Research Article, Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, emotion, Emotional bond, cultural differences, ta3112, 050105 experimental psychology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Similarity (psychology), Social grooming, Cross-cultural, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, East Asia, Behaviour, human, Social Behavior, General Immunology and Microbiology, Object Attachment, United Kingdom, Touch, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Many species use touching for reinforcing social structures, and particularly, non-human primates use social grooming for managing their social networks. However, it is still unclear how social touch contributes to the maintenance and reinforcement of human social networks. Human studies in Western cultures suggest that the body locations where touch is allowed are associated with the strength of the emotional bond between the person touched and the toucher. However, it is unknown to what extent this relationship is culturally universal and generalizes to non-Western cultures. Here, we compared relationship-specific, bodily touch allowance maps across one Western ( N = 386, UK) and one East Asian ( N = 255, Japan) country. In both cultures, the strength of the emotional bond was linearly associated with permissible touch area. However, Western participants experienced social touching as more pleasurable than Asian participants. These results indicate a similarity of emotional bonding via social touch between East Asian and Western cultures.
Published: 2019

12. Behavioural activation system sensitivity is associated with cerebral μ-opioid receptor availability

Author: Lauri Tuominen, Kari K. Kalliokoski, Riitta Hari, Tomi Karjalainen, Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Lauri Nummenmaa, Mikko Sams, Pirjo Nuutila, Sandra Manninen, Turku PET Centre, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Art, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cingulate cortex, Adult, Male, medicine.drug_class, Cognitive Neuroscience, education, Receptors, Opioid, mu, carfentanil, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Amygdala, ta3112, Carfentanil, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurochemical, Punishment, Reward, Opioid receptor, medicine, Humans, Endogenous opioid, Ventral striatum, BIS, Brain, General Medicine, Original Articles, Middle Aged, ta3124, BAS, Analgesics, Opioid, Fentanyl, Inhibition, Psychological, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, PET, nervous system, Anesthesia, Positron-Emission Tomography, opioid, Female, Psychology, Neuroscience, Insula, Reinforcement, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: The reinforcement-sensitivity theory proposes that behavioural activation and inhibition systems (BAS and BIS, respectively) guide approach and avoidance behaviour in potentially rewarding and punishing situations. Their baseline activity presumably explains individual differences in behavioural dispositions when a person encounters signals of reward and harm. Yet, neurochemical bases of BAS and BIS have remained poorly understood. Here we used in vivo positron emission tomography with a μ-opioid receptor (MOR) specific ligand [11C]carfentanil to test whether individual differences in MOR availability would be associated with BAS or BIS. We scanned 49 healthy subjects and measured their BAS and BIS sensitivities using the BIS/BAS scales. BAS but not BIS sensitivity was positively associated with MOR availability in frontal cortex, amygdala, ventral striatum, brainstem, cingulate cortex and insula. Strongest associations were observed for the BAS subscale ‘Fun Seeking’. Our results suggest that endogenous opioid system underlies BAS, and that differences in MOR availability could explain inter-individual differences in reward seeking behaviour.
Published: 2016

13. Maps of subjective feelings

Author: Nummenmaa, Lauri, Hari, Riitta, Hietanen, Jari K., Glerean, Enrico, Turku PET Centre, Department of Art, Tampere University, Department of Computer Science, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Yhteiskuntatieteiden tiedekunta - Faculty of Social Sciences, and University of Tampere
Subjects: somatosensation, Psykologia - Psychology, emotion, feeling, consciousness, interoception
Abstract: Subjective feelings are a central feature of human life. We defined the organization and determinants of a feeling space involving 100 core feelings that ranged from cognitive and affective processes to somatic sensations and common illnesses. The feeling space was determined by a combination of basic dimension rating, similarity mapping, bodily sensation mapping, and neuroimaging meta-analysis. A total of 1,026 participants took part in online surveys where we assessed (i) for each feeling, the intensity of four hypothesized basic dimensions (mental experience, bodily sensation, emotion, and controllability), (ii) subjectively experienced similarity of the 100 feelings, and (iii) topography of bodily sensations associated with each feeling. Neural similarity between a subset of the feeling states was derived from the NeuroSynth meta-analysis database based on the data from 9,821 brain-imaging studies. All feelings were emotionally valenced and the saliency of bodily sensations correlated with the saliency ofmental experiences associated with each feeling. Nonlinear dimensionality reduction revealed five feeling clusters: positive emotions, negative emotions, cognitive processes, somatic states and illnesses, and homeostatic states. Organization of the feeling space was best explained by basic dimensions of emotional valence, mental experiences, and bodily sensations. Subjectively felt similarity of feelings was associated with basic feeling dimensions and the topography of the corresponding bodily sensations. These findings reveal a map of subjective feelings that are categorical, emotional, and embodied.
Published: 2018

14. Wytyczne ESC/ESH dotyczące postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym (2018)

Author: Williams, Bryan, Mancia, Giuseppe, Spiering, Wilko, Agabiti Rosei, Enrico, Azizi, Michel, Burnier, Michel, Clement, Denis L, Coca, Antonio, de Simone, Giovanni, Dominiczak, Anna, Kahan, Thomas, Mahfoud, Felix, Redon, Josep, Ruilope, Luis, Zanchetti, Alberto, Kerins, Mary, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kreutz, Reinhold, Laurent, Stephane, Lip, Gregory Y H, McManus, Richard, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Ruschitzka, Frank, Schmieder, Roland E, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Tsioufis, Costas, Aboyans, Victor, Desormais, Ileana, De Backer, Guy, Heagerty, Anthony M, Agewall, Stefan, Bochud, Murielle, Borghi, Claudio, Boutouyrie, Pierre, Brguljan, Jana, Bueno, Héctor, Caiani, Enrico G, Carlberg, Bo, Chapman, Neil, Cífková, Renata, Cleland, John G F, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Coman, Ioan Mircea, de Leeuw, Peter W, Delgado, Victoria, Dendale, Paul, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Dorobantu, Maria, Fagard, Robert, Farsang, Csaba, Ferrini, Marc, Graham, Ian M, Grassi, Guido, Haller, Hermann, Hobbs, F D Richard, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Catriona, Katus, Hugo A, Kroon, Abraham A, Leclercq, Christophe, Lovic, Dragan, Lurbe, Empar, Manolis, Athanasios J, McDonagh, Theresa A, Messerli, Franz, Muiesan, Maria Lorenza, Nixdorff, Uwe, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Parati, Gianfranco, Perk, Joep, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Polonia, Jorge, Ponikowski, Piotr, Richter, Dimitrios J, Rimoldi, Stefano F, Roffi, Marco, Sattar, Naveed, Seferovic, Petar M, Simpson, Iain A, Sousa-Uva, Miguel, Stanton, Alice V, van de Borne, Philippe, Vardas, Panos, Volpe, Massimo, Wassmann, Sven, Windecker, Stephan, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Barbato, Emanuele, Dean, Veronica, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gaemperli, Oliver, Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, Januszewics, Andrzej, Manolis, Athanasios, Benkhedda, Salim, Zelveian, Parounak, Siostrzonek, Peter, Najafov, Ruslan, Pavlova, Olga, De Pauw, Michel, Dizdarevic-Hudic, Larisa, Raev, Dimitar, Karpettas, Nikos, Linhart, Aleš, Shaker, Amin Fouad, Viigimaa, Margus, Metsärinne, Kaj, Vavlukis, Marija, Halimi, Jean-Michel, Pagava, Zurab, Schunkert, Heribert, Thomopoulos, Costas, Páll, Dénes, Andersen, Karl, Shechter, Michael, Mercuro, Giuseppe, Bajraktari, Gani, Romanova, Tatiana, Trušinskis, Kārlis, Saade, Georges A, Sakalyte, Gintare, Noppe, Stéphanie, DeMarco, Daniela Cassar, Caraus, Alexandru, Wittekoek, Janneke, Aksnes, Tonje Amb, Jankowski, Piotr, Vinereanu, Dragos, Baranova, Elena I, Foscoli, Marina, Dikic, Ana Djordjevic, Filipova, Slavomira, Fras, Zlatko, Bertomeu-Martínez, Vicente, Burkard, Thilo, Sdiri, Wissem, Aydogdu, Sinan, Sirenko, Yuriy, Brady, Adrian, Weber, Thomas, Lazareva, Irina, Backer, Tine De, Sokolovic, Sekib, Widimsky, Jiri, Pörsti, Ilkka, Denolle, Thierry, Krämer, Bernhard K, Stergiou, George S, Miglinas, Marius, Gerdts, Eva, Tykarski, Andrzej, de Carvalho Rodrigues, Manuel, Chazova, Irina, Segura, Julian, Gottsäter, Anders, Pechère-Bertschi, Antoinette, Erdine, Serap, Williams, Bryan, Mancia, Giuseppe, Spiering, Wilko, Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, Azizi, Michel, Burnier, Michel, Clement, Denis L., Coca, Antonio, De Simone, Giovanni, Dominiczak, Anna, Kahan, Thoma, Mahfoud, Felix, Redon, Josep, Ruilope, Lui, Zanchetti, Alberto, Kerins, Mary, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., Kreutz, Reinhold, Laurent, Stephane, Lip, Gregory Y. H., Mcmanus, Richard, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Ruschitzka, Frank, Schmieder, Roland E., Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Tsioufis, Costa, Aboyans, Victor, Desormais, Ileana, De Backer, Guy, Heagerty, Anthony M., Agewall, Stefan, Bochud, Murielle, Borghi, Claudio, Boutouyrie, Pierre, Brguljan, Jana, Bueno, Héctor, Caiani, Enrico G., Carlberg, Bo, Chapman, Neil, Cífková, Renata, Cleland, John G. F., Collet, Jean-Philippe, Coman, Ioan Mircea, De Leeuw, Peter W., Delgado, Victoria, Dendale, Paul, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Dorobantu, Maria, Fagard, Robert, Farsang, Csaba, Ferrini, Marc, Graham, Ian M., Grassi, Guido, Haller, Hermann, Hobbs, F. D. Richard, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Catriona, Katus, Hugo A., Kroon, Abraham A., Leclercq, Christophe, Lovic, Dragan, Lurbe, Empar, Manolis, Athanasios J., Mcdonagh, Theresa A., Messerli, Franz, Muiesan, Maria Lorenza, Nixdorff, Uwe, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Parati, Gianfranco, Perk, Joep, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Polonia, Jorge, Ponikowski, Piotr, Richter, Dimitrios J., Rimoldi, Stefano F., Roffi, Marco, Sattar, Naveed, Seferovic, Petar M., Simpson, Iain A., Sousa-Uva, Miguel, Stanton, Alice V., Van De Borne, Philippe, Vardas, Pano, Volpe, Massimo, Wassmann, Sven, Windecker, Stephan, Zamorano, Jose Luis, University College of London [London] (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), CIC - HEGP (CIC 1418), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut de Mathématiques de Marseille (I2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Danderyds sjukhus = Danderyd University Hospital, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Universitat de València (UV), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Clinical Pharmacology, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Liverpool, Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, University of Oxford, Medical University of Gdańsk, University Heart Centre Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Med Klinik IV, Univ.-Klinik Erlangen-Nürnberg, Almazov National Medical Research Centre (St. Petersburg), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de cardiologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], Agabiti Rosei, Enrico, Clement, Denis L, de Simone, Giovanni, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Lip, Gregory Y H, McManus, Richard, Schmieder, Roland E, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Chercheur indépendant, Department of Cardiology, Birmingham City Hospital, Department of Public Health, University of Gent, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hasselt University (UHasselt), Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Australian Museum, Australian Museum [Sydney], Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Department of Earth Science, Durham University, School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Royal Infirmary, Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, 'Federico II' University of Naples Medical School, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU de Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), St. Michael's Hospital, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA-Research), Université de Liège, Wroclaw Medical University, Servicio de Pediatría, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne university hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Aging and Clinical Nephrology, Food Science and Technology, Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Medizinische Klinik II, Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, IRCELYON-Catalytic and Atmospheric Reactivity for the Environment (CARE), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Faculty of metals engineering and industrial computer science, Centre of Cardiology, North Estonia Medical Centre, Medical School, University of Tampere [Finland], Service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires [Rennes] = Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, University of Zurich, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hasselt University, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Aging and Clinical Nephrology, Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck] - University of Lübeck [Lübeck], IRCELYON-Caractérisation et remédiation des polluants dans l'air et l'eau (CARE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires [CHU de Rennes], Diener, Hans Christoph (Beitragende*r), Williams, B, Mancia, G, Spiering, W, Agabiti Rosei, E, Azizi, M, Burnier, M, Clement, D, Coca, A, de Simone, G, Dominiczak, A, Kahan, T, Mahfoud, F, Redon, J, Ruilope, L, Zanchetti, A, Kerins, M, Kjeldsen, S, Kreutz, R, Laurent, S, Lip, G, Mcmanus, R, Narkiewicz, K, Ruschitzka, F, Schmieder, R, Shlyakhto, E, Tsioufis, C, Aboyans, V, Desormais, I, and Grassi, G
Subjects: Male, Lifestyle intervention, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, Secondary hypertension, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Guideline, Hypertension-mediated organ damage, Blood pressure treatment thresholds and targets, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Disease management (health), 610 Medicine & health, Lifestyle interventions, Societies, Medical, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Disease Management, Blood pressure, Blood pressure measurement, Combination therapy, Device therapy, Drug therapy, Guidelines, Hypertension, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Europe, Arterial hypertension, blood pressure control, guidelines, 10209 Clinic for Cardiology, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Blood pressure treatment thresholds and target, MEDLINE, Cardiology, 2705 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacotherapy, Blood pressure treatmentthresholds and targets, Journal Article, Humans, Hypertension diagnosis, Intensive care medicine, Antihypertensive Agents, business.industry, medicine.disease, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: International audience; : Document reviewers: Guy De Backer (ESC Review Co-ordinator) (Belgium), Anthony M. Heagerty (ESH Review Co-ordinator) (UK), Stefan Agewall (Norway), Murielle Bochud (Switzerland), Claudio Borghi (Italy), Pierre Boutouyrie (France), Jana Brguljan (Slovenia), Héctor Bueno (Spain), Enrico G. Caiani (Italy), Bo Carlberg (Sweden), Neil Chapman (UK), Renata Cifkova (Czech Republic), John G. F. Cleland (UK), Jean-Philippe Collet (France), Ioan Mircea Coman (Romania), Peter W. de Leeuw (The Netherlands), Victoria Delgado (The Netherlands), Paul Dendale (Belgium), Hans-Christoph Diener (Germany), Maria Dorobantu (Romania), Robert Fagard (Belgium), Csaba Farsang (Hungary), Marc Ferrini (France), Ian M. Graham (Ireland), Guido Grassi (Italy), Hermann Haller (Germany), F. D. Richard Hobbs (UK), Bojan Jelakovic (Croatia), Catriona Jennings (UK), Hugo A. Katus (Germany), Abraham A. Kroon (The Netherlands), Christophe Leclercq (France), Dragan Lovic (Serbia), Empar Lurbe (Spain), Athanasios J. Manolis (Greece), Theresa A. McDonagh (UK), Franz Messerli (Switzerland), Maria Lorenza Muiesan (Italy), Uwe Nixdorff (Germany), Michael Hecht Olsen (Denmark), Gianfranco Parati (Italy), Joep Perk (Sweden), Massimo Francesco Piepoli (Italy), Jorge Polonia (Portugal), Piotr Ponikowski (Poland), Dimitrios J. Richter (Greece), Stefano F. Rimoldi (Switzerland), Marco Roffi (Switzerland), Naveed Sattar (UK), Petar M. Seferovic (Serbia), Iain A. Simpson (UK), Miguel Sousa-Uva (Portugal), Alice V. Stanton (Ireland), Philippe van de Borne (Belgium), Panos Vardas (Greece), Massimo Volpe (Italy), Sven Wassmann (Germany), Stephan Windecker (Switzerland), Jose Luis Zamorano (Spain).The disclosure forms of all experts involved in the development of these Guidelines are available on the ESC website www.escardio.org/guidelines.
Published: 2018

15. Questions and Answers on Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Peripheral Arterial Diseases: A Companion Document of the 2017 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)

Author: Björck, Martin, Brodmann, Marianne, Czerny, Martin, De Carlo, Marco, Naylor, A. Ross, Tendera, Michal, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Widimsky, Petr, Kolh, Philippe, Dick, Florian, de Ceniga, Melina Vega, Sievert, Horst, Sulzenko, Jakub, Windecker, Stephan, Aboyans, Victor, Agewall, Stefan, Barbato, Emanuele, Bueno, Hector, Coca, Antonio, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Coman, Ioan Mircea, Dean, Veronica, Delgado, Victor, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gaemperli, Oliver, Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Katus, Hugo, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Leclercq, Christophe, Mcdonagh, Theresa, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Ponikowski, Piotr, Richter, Dimitrios, Roffi, Marco, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Simpson, Iain, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Department of Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universität Graz, Third Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, 'Federico II' University of Naples Medical School, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU de Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), St. Michael's Hospital, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Wroclaw Medical University, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Medical University of Silesia (SUM), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

16. Editor's Choice – 2017 ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)

Author: Aboyans, Victor, Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Bartelink, Marie-Louise E.L., Björck, Martin, Brodmann, Marianne, Cohnert, Tina, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Czerny, Martin, De Carlo, Marco, Debus, Sebastian, Espinola-Klein, Christine, Kahan, Thomas, Kownator, Serge, Mazzolai, Lucia, Naylor, A. Ross, Roffi, Marco, Röther, Joachim, Sprynger, Muriel, Tendera, Michal, Tepe, Gunnar, Venermo, Maarit, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Desormais, Iléana, Widimsky, Petr, Kolh, Philippe, Agewall, Stefan, Bueno, Hector, Coca, Antonio, De Borst, Gert, Delgado, Victor, Dick, Florian, Erol, Cetin, Ferrini, Marc, Kakkos, Stavros, Katus, Hugo, Knuuti, Juhani, Lindholt, Jes, Mattle, Heinrich, Pieniazek, Piotr, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Scheinert, Dierk, Sievert, Horst, Simpson, Iain, Sulzenko, Jakub, Tamargo, Juan, Tokgözoglu, Lale, Torbicki, Adam, Tsakountakis, Nikolaos, Tuñón, José, de Ceniga, Melina Vega, Windecker, Stephan, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de cardiologie [CHU de Poitiers], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Department of Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universität Graz, Institut de cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Neurology, Asklepios Klinik Altona, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Third Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia (SUM), Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Hacettepe University = Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Medical University of Silesia
Subjects: [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

17. Questions and answers on diagnosis and management of patients with Peripheral Arterial Diseases: a companion document of the 2017 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)

Author: Aboyans, Victor, Björck, Martin, Brodmann, Marianne, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Czerny, Martin, De Carlo, Marco, Naylor, A Ross, Roffi, Marco, Tendera, Michal, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Widimsky, Petr, Kolh, Philippe, Dick, Florian, de Ceniga, Melina Vega, Sievert, Horst, Sulzenko, Jakub, Windecker, Stephan, Agewall, Stefan, Barbato, Emanuele, Bueno, Hector, Coca, Antonio, Coman, Ioan Mircea, Dean, Veronica, Delgado, Victor, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gaemperli, Oliver, Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Katus, Hugo, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Leclercq, Christophe, Mcdonagh, Theresa, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Ponikowski, Piotr, Richter, Dimitrios, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Simpson, Iain, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Bartelink, Marie-Louise EL, Cohnert, Tina, Debus, Sebastian, Espinola-Klein, Christine, Kahan, Thomas, Kownator, Serge, Mazzolai, Lucia, Röther, Joachim, Sprynger, Muriel, Tepe, Gunnar, Venermo, Maarit, Desormais, Iléana, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universität Graz, Institut de cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Third Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia (SUM), Service de cardiologie [CHU de Poitiers], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, 'Federico II' University of Naples Medical School, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], CHU de Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), St. Michael's Hospital, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Wroclaw Medical University, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Medical University of Silesia
Subjects: Aged, 80 and over, Male, Arterial Occlusive Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease, Intermittent Claudication, Middle Aged, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, ta3121, Atherosclerosis, 3. Good health, Peripheral Arterial Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency, Humans, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Diabetic Angiopathies, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

18. 2017 ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)

Author: Ricco, Jean-Baptiste, Bartelink, Marie-Louise, Björck, Martin, Brodmann, Marianne, Cohnert, Tina, Czerny, Martin, De Carlo, Marco, Debus, Sebastian, Espinola-Klein, Christine, Kahan, Thomas, Kownator, Serge, Mazzolai, Lucia, Naylor, A Ross, Röther, Joachim, Sprynger, Muriel, Tendera, Michal, Tepe, Gunnar, Venermo, Maarit, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, Desormais, Iléana, Widimsky, Petr, Kolh, Philippe, De Borst, Gert, Dick, Florian, Erol, Cetin, Ferrini, Marc, Kakkos, Stavros, Lindholt, Jes, Mattle, Heinrich, Pieniazek, Piotr, Scheinert, Dierk, Sievert, Horst, Sulzenko, Jakub, Tamargo, Juan, Tokgözoglu, Lale, Torbicki, Adam, Tsakountakis, Nikolaos, Tuñón, José, de Ceniga, Melina Vega, Windecker, Stephan, Aboyans, Victor, Agewall, Stefan, Barbato, Emanuele, Bueno, Hector, Coca, Antonio, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Coman, Ioan Mircea, Dean, Veronica, Delgado, Victor, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gaemperli, Oliver, Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Katus, Hugo, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Leclercq, Christophe, Mcdonagh, Theresa, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Ponikowski, Piotr, Richter, Dimitrios, Roffi, Marco, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Simpson, Iain, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Zelveian, Parounak, Haumer, Markus, Isachkin, Dzmitry, De Backer, Tine, Dilic, Mirza, Petrov, Petr, Kirhmajer, Majda Vrkic, Karetova, Debora, Prescott, Eva, Soliman, Hamdy, Paapstel, Ants, Makinen, Kimmo, Tosev, Slavco, Messas, Emmanuel, Pagava, Zurab, Müller, Oliver, Naka, Katerina, Járai, Zoltán, Gudjonsson, Thorbjorn, Jonas, Michael, Novo, Salvatore, Ibrahimi, Pranvera, Lunegova, Olga, Dzerve, Vilnis, Misonis, Nerijus, Beissel, Jean, Pllaha, Elton, Taberkant, Mustapha, Bakken, Torbjørn, Teles, Rui, Lighezan, Daniel, Konradi, Alexandra, Zavatta, Marco, Madaric, Juraj, Fras, Zlatko, Melchor, Lorenzo Silva, Näslund, Ulf, Amann-Vesti, Beatrice, Obiekezie, Agu, Service de cardiologie [CHU de Poitiers], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Health Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universität Graz, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Neurology, Asklepios Klinik Altona, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Third Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia (SUM), Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hacettepe University = Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, 'Federico II' University of Naples Medical School, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Institut de cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU de Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), St. Michael's Hospital, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Wroclaw Medical University, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Michaelid Cardiac Ctr, University of Ioannina, Medical University of Silesia, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

19. Opioidergic regulation of emotional arousal: A combined PET–fMRI study

Author: Enrico Glerean, Tomi Karjalainen, Lauri Nummenmaa, Mikko Sams, Henry K. Karlsson, Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Riitta Hari, Pirjo Nuutila, Kerttu Seppälä, Juha M. Lahnakoski, Turku PET Centre, Department of Computer Science, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, University of Turku, Department of Art, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Adult, Brain activity and meditation, Cognitive Neuroscience, receptor, Emotions, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Amygdala, ta3112, 050105 experimental psychology, neurotransmitters, Arousal, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Dopamine, Dopamine receptor D2, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, ta318, Valence (psychology), ta515, ta113, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, Receptors, Dopamine D2, 05 social sciences, fMRI, Brain, Superior temporal sulcus, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, ta3124, medicine.anatomical_structure, PET, nervous system, Positron-Emission Tomography, Female, dopamine, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Emotions can be characterized by dimensions of arousal and valence (pleasantness). While the functional brain bases of emotional arousal and valence have been actively investigated, the neuromolecular underpinnings remain poorly understood. We tested whether the opioid and dopamine systems involved in reward and motivational processes would be associated with emotional arousal and valence. We used in vivo positron emission tomography to quantify μ-opioid receptor and type 2 dopamine receptor (MOR and D2R, respectively) availability in brains of 35 healthy adult females. During subsequent functional magnetic resonance imaging carried out to monitor hemodynamic activity, the subjects viewed movie scenes of varying emotional content. Arousal and valence were associated with hemodynamic activity in brain regions involved in emotional processing, including amygdala, thalamus, and superior temporal sulcus. Cerebral MOR availability correlated negatively with the hemodynamic responses to arousing scenes in amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus, whereas no positive correlations were observed in any brain region. D2R availability—here reliably quantified only in striatum—was not associated with either arousal or valence. These results suggest that emotional arousal is regulated by the MOR system, and that cerebral MOR availability influences brain activity elicited by arousing stimuli.
Published: 2018

20. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Controls Mature Brown Adipocyte Inducibility through Glycerol Kinase

Author: Lukas Varga, Pirjo Nuutila, Wenfei Sun, Sven Enerbäck, Patrik Stefanicka, Christian Wolfrum, Walter Wahli, Bettina Tall, Nicola Zamboni, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Elke Kiehlmann, Petra Krznar, Ez-Zoubir Amri, Lennart Opitz, Jozef Ukropec, Miroslav Balaz, Matthias Rosenwald, Martin E. Lidell, David Lasar, DNA Microarray Facility, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Institute for Molecular Systems Biology [ETH Zurich] (IMSB), Department of Biology [ETH Zürich] (D-BIOL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode (CIG), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), University of Zurich, Wolfrum, Christian, and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Glycerol kinase, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, Adipose tissue, 610 Medicine & health, 10071 Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ta3111, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, PPAR Gamma, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, Adipose Tissue, Brown, 1300 General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Glycerol Kinase, Brown adipose tissue, medicine, Adipocytes, Animals, Humans, PPAR alpha, Receptor, lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, Fatty acid metabolism, Chemistry, non-shivering thermogenesis, brown adipose tissue, Thermogenesis, Peroxisome, Cell biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, PPAR gamma, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, lcsh:Biology (General), Brown Adipose Tissue, 570 Life sciences, biology, Female, Adipocytes/cytology, Adipocytes/enzymology, Adipocytes/metabolism, Adipose Tissue, Brown/cytology, Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology, Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism, Glycerol Kinase/metabolism, PPAR gamma/metabolism, glycerol kinase
Abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been suggested as the master regulators of adipose tissue formation. However, their role in regulating brown fat functionality has not been resolved. To address this question, we generated mice with inducible brown fat-specific deletions of PPARα, β/δ, and γ, respectively. We found that both PPARα and β/δδ are dispensable for brown fat function. In contrast, we could show that ablation of PPARγ in vitro and in vivo led to a reduced thermogenic capacity accompanied by a loss of inducibility by β-adrenergic signaling, as well as a shift from oxidative fatty acid metabolism to glucose utilization. We identified glycerol kinase (Gyk) as a partial mediator of PPARγ function and could show that Gyk expression correlates with brown fat thermogenic capacity in human brown fat biopsies. Thus, Gyk might constitute the link between PPARγ-mediated regulation of brown fat function and activation by β-adrenergic signaling. Published version
Published: 2017

21. Postprandial Oxidative Metabolism of Human Brown Fat Indicates Thermogenesis

Author: Nobu Kudomi, Stefanie Maurer, Teemu Saari, Pirjo Nuutila, Tobias Fromme, Olof Solin, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Minna Lahesmaa, Ez-Zoubir Amri, Martin Klingenspor, Juho Raiko, Mueez U Din, Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Turku PET Centre, and University of Turku
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, animal structures, Physiology, Glucose uptake, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Adipose Tissue, White, Lipolysis, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, White adipose tissue, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, ta3111, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, NEFA, Oxygen Consumption, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Internal medicine, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Brown adipose tissue, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Obesity, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Uncoupling Protein 1, Chemistry, Cold-Shock Response, Thermogenesis, Cell Biology, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Thermogenin, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Postprandial, Case-Control Studies, Female, Diet, Carbohydrate Loading
Abstract: Human studies suggest that a meal elevates glucose uptake in brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, in postprandial state the thermogenic activity and the metabolism of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in BAT remain unclear. Using indirect calorimetry combined with positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT), we showed that whole-body and BAT thermogenesis (oxygen consumption) increases after the ingestion of a mixed carbohydrate-rich meal, to the same extent as in cold stress. Postprandial NEFA uptake into BAT is minimal, possibly due to elevated plasma insulin inhibiting lipolysis. However, the variation in postprandial NEFA uptake is linked to BAT thermogenesis. We identified several genes participating in lipid metabolism to be expressed at higher levels in BAT compared with white fat in postprandial state, and to be positively correlated with BAT UCP1 expression. These findings suggest that substrates preferred by BAT in postprandial state are glucose or LPL-released NEFAs due to insulin stimulation.
Published: 2016

22. Developing a Robust Self Evaluation Framework for Active Learning: The First Stage of an Erasmus+ Project (QAEMarketPlace4HEI)

Author: Robin Clark, Jens Bennedsen, Siegfried Rouvrais, Juha Kontio, Krista Heikkenen, Fredrik Georgsson, Asrun Matthiasdottir, Ingunn Sæmundsdóttir, Markku Karhu, Katriina Schrey-Niemenmaa, Poul Hernon, School of Engineering and Applied Science (Aston University), Aarhus School of Engineering, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Process for Adaptative Software Systems (PASS), Télécom Bretagne-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Département informatique (INFO), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Turku PET Centre (Turku University Hospital), Umea Institute of Technology (Umea University), University of Reykjavik [Islande], Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [Belfast], Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Télécom Bretagne, Bibliothèque
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Formation, Educational Framework, [SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Engineering education, Amelioration, Education, ISO/IEC 15504, Model-based improvement, TREE, Processus, CDIO, Higher Education, Quality, Standard, Apprentissage, Process Reference Model, EFQM, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Quality Assurance, Assurance qualité, Enseignement, Qualité, Process improvement, Model
Abstract: International audience; In modern Higher Education, quality assurance is an important consideration. Across the world there are a range of institutional, national and global processes that institutions work with in order to ensure the quality of learning and teaching at the university level. In many cases, the focus is on assurance and compliance rather than the more forward looking element of quality enhancement. This paper explores the initial phase of an EU funded ERASMUS+ project to explore the enhancement element of the quality process. The initial focus of the work is on the partners' mutual interest in active learning, in particular the application of the CDIO (Conceive Design Implement Operate) framework in the field of engineering education. The eight European universities are Reykjavik University, Iceland; Turku University of Applied Sciences, Finland; Aarhus University, Denmark; Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland; Umeå University, Sweden; Telecom Bretagne, France; Aston University, United Kingdom; Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom.
Published: 2015

23. Increased target volume and hydrogen content in [11C]CH4 production

Author: Helin, S., Arponen, E., Rajander, J., Aromaa, J., Johansson, S., Solin, O., and Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Finland
Subjects: 11C-Methan Herstellung, ddc:530, 11C-CH4 production
Abstract: Introduction High starting radioactivity is usually advantageous for producing radiopharmaceuticals with high specific radioactivity. However, the [11C]CH4 yields from N2-H2 gas target fall short from theoretical amounts, as calculated from the cross section for the well-known 14N(p,α)11C nuclear reaction1. The beneficial effect of increased target chamber temperature on [11C]CH4 yields has recently been brought forward by us2 and others3. In addition to the temperature effect, our attention has also been on the hydrogen content factor. This study intends to examine the N2-H2 target performance in a substantially larger target chamber and at higher temperatures than our setup before and compare the results to the existing data. Materials and Methods Aluminium bodied custom design target chamber is used in fixed 17 MeV proton beam irradiations. Target chamber is equipped with heating elements and cooling circuit for temperature control. In addition to the target chamber body temperature, the target gas loading pressure and irradiation current can be varied. The irradiation product is collected into an ad-sorbent trap that was immersed in a liquid argon cooling bath within a dose calibrator. Results and Conclusion Pursued data will show [11C]CH4 saturation yields (Ysat [GBq/µA]) at different irradiation and target parameters.
Published: 2015

24. Comparative assessment of segmentation algorithms for tumor delineation on a test retest (11)C choline dataset

Author: TOMASI, Giampaolo, SHEPHERD, Tony, TURKHEIMER, Federico E., VISVIKIS, Dimitris, ABOAGYE, Eric O., Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Center, Imperial College London, Faculty of Medecine, Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital (TYKS), Department of Medecine, Imperial College London, Optimisation Continue des Actions Thérapeutiques par l'Intégration d'Informations Multimodales, and Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Abstract: International audience; Many methods have been proposed for tumor segmentation from positron emission tomography images. Because of the increasingly important role that [(11)C]choline is playing in oncology and because no study has compared segmentation methods on this tracer, the authors assessed several segmentation algorithms on a [(11)C]choline test-retest dataset. METHODS: Fixed and adaptive threshold-based methods, fuzzy C-means (FCM), Canny's edge detection method, the watershed transform, and the fuzzy locally adaptive Bayesian algorithm (FLAB) were used. Test-retest [(11)C]choline scans of nine patients with breast cancer were considered and the percent test-retest variability %VAR(TEST-RETEST) of tumor volume (TV) was employed to assess the results. The same methods were then applied to two denoised datasets generated by applying either a Gaussian filter or the wavelet transform. RESULTS: The (semi)automated methods FCM, FLAB, and Canny emerged as the best ones in terms of TV reproducibility. For these methods, the %root mean square error %RMSE of %VAR(TEST-RETEST), defined as %RMSE= variance+mean(2), was in the range 10%-21.2%, depending on the dataset and algorithm. Threshold-based methods gave TV estimates which were extremely variable, particularly on the unsmoothed data; their performance improved on the denoised datasets, whereas smoothing did not have a remarkable impact on the (semi)automated methods. TV variability was comparable to that of SUV(MAX) and SUV(MEAN) (range 14.7%-21.9% for %RMSE of %VAR(TEST-RETEST), after the exclusion of one outlier, 40%-43% when the outlier was included. CONCLUSIONS: The TV variability obtained with the best methods was similar to the one reported for TV in previous [(18)F]FDG and [(18)F]FLT studies and to the one of SUV(MAX)/SUV(MEAN) on the authors' [(11)C]choline dataset. The good reproducibility of [(11)C]choline TV warrants further studies to test whether TV could predict early response to treatment and survival, as for [(18)F]FDG, to complement/substitute the use of SUV(MAX) and SUV(MEAN).
Published: 2012

25. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries: the Task Force on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Author: Tendera, M., Aboyans, V., Bartelink, M. l., Baumgartner, I., Clement, D., Collet, J. p., Cremonesi, A., De Carlo, M., Erbel, R., Fowkes, F. g. r., Heras, M., Kownator, S., Minar, E., Ostergren, J., Poldermans, D., Riambau, V., Roffi, M., Rother, J., Sievert, H., Van Sambeek, M., Zeller, T., Bax, J., Auricchio, A., Baumgartner, H., Ceconi, C., Dean, V., Deaton, C., Fagard, R., Funck Brentano, C., Hasdai, D., Hoes, A., Knuuti, J., Kolh, P., Mcdonagh, T., Moulin, C., Popescu, B., Reiner, Z., Sechtem, U., Sirnes, P. a., Torbicki, A., Vahanian, A., Windecker, S., Agewall, S., Blinc, A., Bulvas, M., Cosentino, Francesco, De Backer, T., Gottsater, A., Gulba, D., Guzik, T. j., Jonsson, B., Késmárky, G., Kitsiou, A., Kuczmik, W., Larsen, M. l., Madaric, J., Mas, J. l., Mcmurray, J. j., Micari, A., Mosseri, M., Muller, C., Naylor, R., Norrving, B., Oto, O., Pasierski, T., Plouin, P. f., Ribichini, F., Ricco, J. b., Ruilope, L., Schmid, J. p., Schwehr, U., Sol, B. g., Sprynger, M., Tiefenbacher, C., Tsioufis, C., Van Damme, H., Endorsed By: The European Stroke Organisation, Authors/task Force Members, Committee For Practice Guidelines, E. s. c., Reviewers, Document, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée (NETEC), Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Health Care, Department of cardiology, Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut Clinic de Tòrax, Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Asklepios Klinik Altona, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Service de pharmacologie - Dosage de médicaments [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], CIC Saint-Antoine, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Hospital Center Zagreb, Service de cardiologie, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, Cooltech Applications, Cooltech, Department of Neurology Lunds University Hospital Lund, Service de médecine vasculaire et hypertension artérielle [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Cardiology, Università degli Studi di Verona, Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Pécs Medical School (UP MS), University of Pecs-University of Pecs, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), and University of Verona (UNIVR)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Carotid endarterectomy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Renal artery stenosis, MESH: Risk Assessment, Coronary artery disease, Coronary artery bypass surgery, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, MESH: Peripheral Arterial Disease, 80 and over, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical History Taking, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Endarterectomy, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, Endovascular Procedures, Middle Aged, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Exercise Therapy, Cardiology, Female, Radiology, medicine.symptom, MESH: Cardiovascular Agents, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Vascular Surgical Procedures, Adult, Diagnostic Imaging, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Endovascular Procedures, Risk Assessment, MESH: Prognosis, methods, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Physical Examination, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Angioplasty, Internal medicine, medicine, MESH: Exercise Therapy, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, MESH: Vascular Surgical Procedures, Physical Examination, Aged, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Diagnostic Imaging, MESH: Medical History Taking, MESH: Adult, Cardiovascular Agents, medicine.disease, Intermittent claudication, MESH: Male, MESH: Reperfusion, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Agents, therapeutic use, Diagnostic Imaging, Endovascular Procedures, methods, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Medical History Taking, Middle Aged, Peripheral Arterial Disease, diagnosis/therapy, Physical Examination, Prognosis, Reperfusion, methods, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Vascular Surgical Procedures, diagnosis/therapy, therapeutic use, Reperfusion, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Carotid stenting, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: 2D : two-dimensional 3D : three-dimensional ABI : ankle–brachial index ACAS : Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study ACCF : American College of Cardiology Foundation ACE : angiotensin-converting enzyme ACS : acute coronary syndrome ACST : Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial ALI : acute limb ischaemia ASTRAL : Angioplasty and Stenting for Renal Artery Lesions trial BASIL : Bypass versus Angioplasty in Severe Ischaemia of the Leg BOA : Dutch Bypass Oral Anticoagulants or Aspirin CABG : coronary artery bypass grafting CAD : coronary artery disease CAPRIE : Clopidogrel versus Aspirin in Patients at Risk for Ischaemic Events CAPTURE : Carotid ACCULINK/ACCUNET Post Approval Trial to Uncover Rare Events CARP : Coronary Artery Revascularization Prophylaxis CAS : carotid artery stenting CASPAR : Clopidogrel and Acetylsalicylic Acid in Bypass Surgery for Peripheral Arterial Disease CASS : Coronary Artery Surgery Study CAVATAS : CArotid and Vertebral Artery Transluminal Angioplasty Study CEA : carotid endarterectomy CHARISMA : Clopidogrel for High Atherothrombotic Risk and Ischaemic Stabilization, Management and Avoidance CI : confidence interval CLEVER : Claudication: Exercise Versus Endoluminal Revascularization CLI : critical limb ischaemia CORAL : Cardiovascular Outcomes in Renal Atherosclerotic Lesions COURAGE : Clinical Outcomes Utilization Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation CPG : Committee for Practice Guidelines CREST : Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy vs. Stenting Trial CT : computed tomography CTA : computed tomography angiography CVD : cardiovascular disease DECREASE-V : Dutch Echocardiographic Cardiac Risk Evaluation DRASTIC : Dutch Renal Artery Stenosis Intervention Cooperative Study DSA : digital subtraction angiography DUS : duplex ultrasound/duplex ultrasonography EACTS : European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery EAS : European Atherosclerosis Society ECST : European Carotid Surgery Trial EPD : embolic protection device ESC : European Society of Cardiology ESH : European Society of Hypertension ESRD : end-stage renal disease EUROSCORE : European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation EVA-3S : Endarterectomy Versus Angioplasty in Patients with Symptomatic Severe Carotid Stenosis EXACT : Emboshield and Xact Post Approval Carotid Stent Trial GALA : General Anaesthesia versus Local Anaesthesia for Carotid Surgery GFR : glomerular filtration rate GRACE : Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events HbA1c : glycated haemoglobin HDL : high-density lipoprotein HOPE : Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation HR : hazard ratio IC : intermittent claudication ICSS : International Carotid Stenting Study IMT : intima–media thickness ITT : intention to treat LDL : low-density lipoprotein LEAD : lower extremity artery disease MACCEs : major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events MDCT : multidetector computed tomography MONICA : Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease MRA : magnetic resonance angiography MRI : magnetic resonance imaging NASCET : North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial ONTARGET : Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial OR : odds ratio PAD : peripheral artery diseases PARTNERS : Peripheral Arterial Disease Awareness, Risk, and Treatment: New Resources for Survival PCI : percutaneous coronary intervention PET : positron emission tomography PRO-CAS : Predictors of Death and Stroke in CAS PTA : percutaneous transluminal angioplasty RAAS : renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system RADAR : Randomized, Multicentre, Prospective Study Comparing Best Medical Treatment Versus Best Medical Treatment Plus Renal Artery Stenting in Patients With Haemodynamically Relevant Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis RAS : renal artery stenosis RCT : randomized controlled trial REACH : Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health RR : risk ratio SAPPHIRE : Stenting and Angioplasty with Protection in Patients at High Risk for Endarterectomy SCAI : Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions SIR : Society of Interventional Radiology SPACE : Stent-Protected Angioplasty versus Carotid Endarterectomy SPARCL : Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels Study STAR : Stent Placement in Patients With Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis and Impaired Renal Function SSYLVIA : Stenting of Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Vertebral or Intracranial Arteries SVMB : Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology TASC : TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus TIA : transient ischaemic attack UEAD : upper extremity artery disease VA : vertebral artery Guidelines summarize and evaluate all available evidence, at the time of the writing process, on a particular issue with the aim of assisting physicians in selecting the best management strategies for an individual patient, with a given condition, taking into account the impact on outcome, as well as the risk–benefit ratio of particular diagnostic or therapeutic means. Guidelines are no substitutes but are complements for textbooks and cover the ESC Core Curriculum topics. Guidelines and recommendations should help the physicians to make decisions in their daily practice. However, the final decisions concerning an individual patient must be made by the responsible physician(s). A large number of Guidelines have been issued in recent years by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) as well as by other societies and organizations. Because of the impact on clinical practice, quality criteria for the development of guidelines have been established in order to make all decisions transparent to the user. The recommendations for formulating and issuing ESC Guidelines can be found on the ESC website (http://www.escardio.org/guidelines-surveys/esc-guidelines/about/Pages/rules-writing.aspx). ESC Guidelines represent the official position of the ESC on a given topic and are regularly updated. Members of this Task Force were selected by the ESC to represent professionals involved with the medical care of patients with this pathology. Selected experts in the field undertook a comprehensive review of the published evidence for diagnosis, management, and/or prevention of a given condition according to ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) policy. A critical evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures was performed including assessment of the risk–benefit ratio. Estimates of expected health outcomes for larger populations were included, where data exist. The level of evidence and the strength of recommendation of particular treatment options were weighed and graded according to pre-defined scales, as outlined in Tables 1 and 2 . …
Published: 2011

26. Non-invasive estimation of hepatic blood perfusion from H2 15O PET images using tissue-derived arterial and portal input functions

Author: Kudomi, Nobuyuki, Slimani, Lotfi, Järvisalo, Mikko, Kiss, Jan, Lautamäki, Riikka, Naum, Gratian, Savunen, Timo, Knuuti, Juhani, Iida, Hirokazu, Nuutila, Pirjo, Iozzo, Patricia, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Department of Surgery, Department of Investigative Radiology, Advanced Medical-Engineering Center - National Cardiovascular Center-Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, and Perret, Pascale
Subjects: Positron emission tomography, H215O, Hepatic blood flow, Portal vein, Input function, [SDV.IB.MN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine
Abstract: International audience; PURPOSE: The liver is perfused through the portal vein and the hepatic artery. When its perfusion is assessed using positron emission tomography (PET) and (15)O-labeled water (H(2) (15)O), calculations require a dual blood input function (DIF), i.e., arterial and portal blood activity curves. The former can be generally obtained invasively, but blood withdrawal from the portal vein is not feasible in humans. The aim of the present study was to develop a new technique to estimate quantitative liver perfusion from H(2) (15)O PET images with a completely non-invasive approach. METHODS: We studied normal pigs (n=14) in which arterial and portal blood tracer concentrations and Doppler ultrasonography flow rates were determined invasively to serve as reference measurements. Our technique consisted of using model DIF to create tissue model function and the latter method to simultaneously fit multiple liver time-activity curves from images. The parameters obtained reproduced the DIF. Simulation studies were performed to examine the magnitude of potential biases in the flow values and to optimize the extraction of multiple tissue curves from the image. RESULTS: The simulation showed that the error associated with assumed parameters was
Published: 2008

27. Quantification of liver perfusion with [(15)O]H(2)O-PET and its relationship with glucose metabolism and substrate levels

Author: Slimani, Lotfi, Kudomi, Nobuyuki, Oikonen, Vesa, Jarvisalo, Mikko, Kiss, Jan, Naum, Alexandru, Borra, Ronald, Viljanen, Antti, Sipila, Hannu, Ferrannini, Ele, Savunen, Timo, Nuutila, Pirjo, Iozzo, Patricia, Perret, Pascale, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Surgery, and Department of Medicine
Subjects: MESH: Triglycerides, MESH: Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, hepatic artery, MESH: Models, Biological, MESH: Fasting, MESH: Lactates, MESH: Oxygen Radioisotopes, [SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, MESH: Positron-Emission Tomography, [SDV.IB.MN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, MESH: Glucose, Hepatic blood flow • Liver metabolism • compartmental modeling, MESH: Hyperinsulinism, Portal vein, MESH: Ultrasonography, Doppler, MESH: Animals, parameter estimation, MESH: Swine, MESH: Perfusion, MESH: Lipid Metabolism, MESH: Liver
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatic perfusion plays an important role in liver physiology and disease. This study was undertaken to (a) validate the use of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and oxygen-15-labeled water ([(15)O]H(2)O) to quantify hepatic and portal perfusion, and (b) examine relationships between portal perfusion and liver glucose and lipid metabolism. METHODS: Liver [(15)O]H(2)O-PET images were obtained in 14 pigs during fasting or hyperinsulinemia. Carotid arterial and portal venous blood were sampled for [(15)O]H(2)O activity; Doppler ultrasonography was used invasively as the reference method. A single arterial input compartment model was developed to estimate portal tracer kinetics and liver perfusion. Endogenous glucose production (EGP) and insulin-mediated whole body glucose uptake (wbGU) were determined by standard methods. RESULTS: Hepatic arterial and portal venous perfusions were 0.15+/-0.07 and 1.11+/-0.34 ml/min/ml of tissue, respectively. The agreement between ultrasonography and [(15)O]H(2)O-PET was good for total and portal liver perfusion, and poor for arterial perfusion. Portal perfusion was correlated with EGP (r=or+0.62, p=0.03), triglyceride (r=or+0.66, p=0.01), free fatty acid levels (r=or+0.76, p=0.003), and plasma lactate levels (r=or-0.81, p=0.0009). CONCLUSIONS: Estimates of liver perfusion by [(15)O]H(2)O-PET compared well with those by ultrasonography. The method allowed to predict portal tracer concentrations which is essential in human studies. Portal perfusion may affect liver nutrient handling.
Published: 2008

28. F-18 Labelling Synthesis, Radioanalysis and Evaluation of A Dopamine Transporter and A Hypoxia Tracer

Author: Kämäräinen, Eeva-Liisa, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience,Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Turku PET Centre, Helsingin yliopisto, matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, kemian laitos, Helsingfors universitet, matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, kemiska institutionen, Bergman, Jörgen, and Solin, Olof
Subjects: radiokemia
Abstract: Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging technique in which radioactive positron-emitting tracers are used to study biochemical and physiological functions in humans and in animal experiments. The use of PET imaging has increased rapidly in recent years, as have special requirements in the fields of neurology and oncology for the development of syntheses for new, more specific and selective radiotracers. Synthesis development and automation are necessary when high amounts of radioactivity are needed for multiple PET studies. In addition, preclinical studies using experimental animal models are necessary for evaluating the suitability of new PET tracers for humans. For purification and analysing the labelled end-product, an effective radioanalytical method combined with an optimal radioactivity detection technique is of great importance. In this study, a fluorine-18 labelling synthesis method for two tracers was developed and optimized, and the usefulness of these tracers for possible prospective human studies was evaluated. N-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-fluorophenyl)nortropane ([18F]β-CFT-FP) is a candidate PET tracer for the dopamine transporter (DAT), and 1H-1-(3-[18F]fluoro-2-hydroxypropyl)-2-nitroimidazole ([18F]FMISO) is a well-known hypoxia marker for hypoxic but viable cells in tumours. The methodological aim of this thesis was to evaluate the status of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) combined with proper radioactivity detection measurement systems as a radioanalytical method. Three different detection methods of radioactivity were compared: radioactivity scanning, film autoradiography, and digital photostimulated luminescence (PSL) autoradiography. The fluorine-18 labelling synthesis for [18F]β-CFT-FP was developed and carbon-11 labelled [11C]β-CFT-FP was used to study the specificity of β-CFT-FP for the DAT sites in human post-mortem brain slices. These in vitro studies showed that β-CFT-FP binds to the caudate-putamen, an area rich of DAT. The synthesis of fluorine-18 labelled [18F]FMISO was optimized, and the tracer was prepared using an automated system with good and reproducible yields. In preclinical studies, the action of the radiation sensitizer estramustine phosphate on the radiation treatment and uptake of [18F]FMISO was evaluated, with results of great importance for later human studies. The methodological part of this thesis showed that radioTLC is the method of choice when combined with an appropriate radioactivity detection technique. Digital PSL autoradiography proved to be the most appropriate when compared to the radioactivity scanning and film autoradiography methods. The very high sensitivity, good resolution, and wide dynamic range of digital PSL autoradiography are its advantages in detection of β-emitting radiolabelled substances. Positroniemissiotomografia (PET) on kuvantamismenetelmä, jossa lyhytikäisellä positronisäteilijällä leimatun radioaktiivisen merkkiaineen avulla voidaan tutkia kudosten biokemiallisia ja fysiologisia tapahtumia ihmisissä ja koe-eläimissä. Spesifisten ja selektiivisten erityisesti onkologisten ja neurologisten merkkiaineiden leimausmenetelmien kehitystarve on viime vuosina lisääntynyt. Synteesimenetelmien kehitystyössä on säteilysuojelullisista syistä kiinnitettävä huomiota automaation kehittämiseen, koska moniin PET-tutkimuksiin tarvitaan korkeita aktiivisuusmääriä. Prekliiniset kokeet koe-eläinmalleilla ovat tarpeellisia, jotta voidaan paremmin arvioida uusien radioaktiivisten merkkiaineiden soveltuvuutta humaanitutkimuksiin. Tärkeän osan synteesin kehitystyössä muodostaa myös lopputuotteen erottaminen epäpuhtauksista ja lopputuotteen analysointi käyttäen tehokasta kromatografista menetelmää yhdistettynä herkkään ja optimaaliseen radioaktiivisuuden mittausmenetelmään. Tässä työssä kehitettiin ja optimoitiin leimausmenetelmät kahdelle yhdisteelle ja arvioitiin prekliinisten kokeiden perusteella niiden käyttökelpoisuutta humaanitutkimuksiin. Tutkimuksen kohteena olivat dopamiinitransportterimerkkiaine N-(3-[18F]fluoropropyyli)-2β-carbometoksi-3β-(4-fluorofenyyli)- nortropaani ([18F]β-CFT-FP) ja hypoksiamerkkiaine 1H-1-(3-[18F]fluoro-2-hydroksi- propyyli)-2-nitroimidazoli ([18F]FMISO), jonka on osoitettu kerääntyvän hypoksisiin mutta elossa oleviin soluihin. Työssä arvioitiin myös radio-ohutlevykromatografian (radioTLC) merkitystä radioanalyyttisenä menetelmänä ja verrattiin keskenään TLC-levyn radioaktiivisuuden eri määritysmenetelmiä: radioaktiivisuuden scanning-menetelmää, filmiautoradiografiaa ja digitaalista fotostimuloitua luminesenssi (PSL) autoradiografiaa. Väitöskirjatyössä kehitettiin synteesi [18F]β-CFT-FP-merkkiaineelle. Alustavasti osoitettiin myös että 11C-leimattu β-CFT-FP sitoutuu voimakkaasti in vitro post mortem -humaaniaivoleikkeiden tyvitumakkeiden alueelle, jossa dopamiinin kuljetusproteiinien tiheys on suuri. Lisäksi optimoitiin [18F]FMISO:n synteesimenetelmä ja sovellettiin sitä automaattiselle synteesilaitteistolle, jonka avulla [18F]FMISO:a valmistettiin suuria aktiivisuusmääriä toistettavasti ja hyvällä saannolla. Prekliinisissä kokeissa voitiin kokeellisessa tuumorihiirimallissa [18F]FMISO:n avulla osoittaa sädeherkistäjä estramustiini fosfaatin (EMP) vaikutus sädehoidon tehoon. Näitä tuloksia voidaan myöhemmin hyödyntää mahdollisissa potilastutkimuksissa. Väitöskirjatyön menetelmällisessä osassa osoitettiin, että TLC-menetelmä yhdistettynä ominaisuuksiltaan sopivaan radioaktiivisuuden mittausmenetelmään on hyvä valinta. Digitaalinen fotostimuloitu luminesenssi autoradiografia osoittautui parhaaksi radioaktiivisuuden mittausmenetelmäksi vertailussa, koska se on herkin, paras resoluutioltaan ja lisäksi sillä on laaja lineaarinen mittausalue.
Published: 2007

29. Exercise restores skeletal muscle glucose delivery but not insulin-mediated glucose transport and phosphorylation in obese subjects

Author: Slimani, Lotfi, Oikonen, Vesa, Hällsten, Kirsti, Savisto, Nina, Knuuti, Juhani, Nuutila, Pirjo, Iozzo, Patricia, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, and Perret, Pascale
Subjects: obesity, positron emission tomography, compartmental modelling, exercise, [18F]FDG, glucose transport and phosphorylation, [SDV.IB.MN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine
Abstract: International audience; CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE: Insulin resistance in obese subjects results in the impaired disposal of glucose by skeletal muscle. The current study examined the effects of insulin and/or exercise on glucose transport and phosphorylation in skeletal muscle and the influence of obesity on these processes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Seven obese and 12 lean men underwent positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-d-glucose in resting and isometrically exercising skeletal muscle during normoglycemic hyperinsulinemia. Data were analyzed by two-tissue compartmental modeling. Perfusion and oxidative capacity were measured during insulin stimulation by [15O]H2O and [15O]O2. RESULTS: Exercise increased glucose fractional uptake (K), inward transport rate (K(1)), and the k(3) parameter, combining transport and intracellular phosphorylation, in lean and obese subjects. In each group, there was no statistically significant difference between plasma flow and K(1). At rest, a significant defect in K(1) (P = 0.0016), k(3) (P = 0.016), and K (P = 0.022) was found in obese subjects. Exercise restored K(1), improved but did not normalize K (P = 0.03 vs. lean), and did not ameliorate the more than 60% relative impairment in k(3) in obese individuals (P = 0.002 vs. lean). The glucose oxidative potential tended to be reduced by obesity. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The study indicates that exercise restores the impairment in insulin-mediated skeletal muscle perfusion and glucose delivery associated with obesity but does not normalize the defect involving the proximal steps regulating glucose disposal in obese individuals. Our data support the use of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose-positron emission tomography in the dissection between substrate supply and intrinsic tissue metabolism.
Published: 2006

30. On the decay of theJπ= 11/2−,T1/2= 38.9 h isomer in133Ba: search for the E5 transition and verification of the EC branch

Author: P. Granholm, J. Bergman, P Tikkanen, Jouni Suhonen, Kjell-Mikael Källman, M. Norrby, E. Ydrefors, Jan-Olof Lill, T. Lönnroth, Department of Physics, Åbo Academy University, Telecommunication and e-Business, Turku University of Applied Sciences, Department of Physics [Jyväskylä Univ] (JYU), University of Jyväskylä (JYU), Turku PET Centre, and Accelerator Laboratory
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 21.60.-n, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, State (functional analysis), Intensity ratio, 01 natural sciences, 23.40.-s, 23.35.+g, 21.60.Cs, 0103 physical sciences, 23.20.-g, Nuclide, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents a search for the competing 11/2 − → 1/2 + E5 branch to the main 11/2 − → 3/2 + M4 transition from the T 1/2 = 39 h, J π = 11/2 − isomeric state in 133 Ba. An upper limit of 1.8 * 10 −5 could be established for the E5/M4 intensity ratio. In addition a long-standing controversy in the EC-decay of the same isomer was resolved: only one EC branch to the 11/2 + state in 133 Cs was observed. The shell-model structures of the involved states in 133 Ba and 133 Cs were studied with the microscopic quasiparticle-phonon model (MQPM). Good agreement with the decay rates B(λ) was obtained. In particular, the B(M4) value is well reproduced and further only one low-lying 11/2 state could be identified in the latter nuclide, supporting the experimental results.
Published: 2010

31. l-Securinine Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis on Pancreatic Cancer Cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Author: Anastasiou IA, Sarantis P, Rebelos E, Eleftheriadou I, Tentolouris KN, Katsaouni A, Koustas E, Kokala V, Karamouzis MV, and Tentolouris N
Subjects: Humans, Cell Line, Tumor, Azepines pharmacology, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring, Lactones, Piperidines, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Pancreatic Neoplasms metabolism, Pancreatic Neoplasms pathology, Pancreatic Neoplasms drug therapy, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt metabolism, Apoptosis drug effects, Signal Transduction drug effects, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism
Abstract: Accumulating evidence has shown that l-securinine can, in certain circumstances, suppress tumor development by elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The current work set out to examine l-securinine's apoptotic effects on HuP-T3 cells as well as any potential underlying molecular mechanism(s) that could explain its action as an anticancer agent. In this study, we used 1.2B4 cells as a control human cell line to verify our findings. Hup-T3 and 1.2B4 cells were cultured with a medium containing the following dilutions of l-securinine: 1-10 μΜ for up to 72 h. We examined the viability and proliferation levels of cells in both cell lines. Then, we measured only 1.2B4 insulin levels and content. We also quantified cell apoptosis, cell cycle levels, and the intracellular reactive oxygen species on HuP-T3 and 1.2B4. Afterwards, we performed a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Our results demonstrated that l-securinine inhibited both proliferation and growth of Hup-T3 cells, showing inhibitory and antiproliferative activity in comparison with the control group. In addition, l-securinine had no impact on the proliferation and growth of 1.2B4 cells, nor on their insulin levels and content. By boosting ROS production, and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, l-securinine induced apoptosis on HuP-T3 cells. Pancreatic cancer was successfully inhibited by l-securinine in vitro. l-securinine triggers ROS-dependent apoptosis on pancreatic cancer cells while inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggest that l-securinine holds promise as a potential lead for future drug development in the fight against pancreatic adenocarcinoma., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Published: 2024
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32. The prognostic value of changes in pulmonary vein flow patterns after surgical repair for primary mitral regurgitation.

Author: Yedidya I, Stassen J, Butcher S, van Wijngaarden AL, Wu Y, van der Bijl P, Marsan NA, Delgado V, and Bax J
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Prognosis, Follow-Up Studies, Blood Flow Velocity physiology, Retrospective Studies, Echocardiography methods, Mitral Valve Insufficiency surgery, Mitral Valve Insufficiency physiopathology, Mitral Valve Insufficiency diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Veins surgery, Pulmonary Veins physiopathology, Pulmonary Veins diagnostic imaging
Abstract: Background: The pulmonary vein (PV) flow pattern is influenced by the presence of mitral regurgitation (MR). After a successful reduction in MR severity, the pattern is expected to be changed. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of a change in the PV flow pattern in patients with primary MR undergoing mitral valve repair (MVR)., Methods: The PV flow pattern was assessed with transthoracic echocardiography in 216 patients (age 65 [IQR 56-72] years, 70% male) with primary MR before and after surgical MVR. The population was divided according to a change in the PV flow pattern following MVR into 'improvers' and 'non-improvers'., Results: Non-improvers (15%) had a higher prevalence of paroxysmal AF at baseline (46% vs. 22%, p = 0.004), left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF ≤60%) (39% vs. 21%, p = 0.020), and had lower systolic pulmonary artery pressure (28[IQR 25-38] vs. 35[IQR 26-48] mmHg, p = 0.018) compared to improvers (85%). After a median follow-up of 83[IQR 43-140] months, 26(12%) patients died. Non-improvers had higher mortality rates than improvers (p = 0.009). On multivariable Cox regression analysis, a lack of improvement in the PV flow pattern remained independently associated with all-cause mortality (HR 2.322, 95% CI 1.140 to 4.729, P = 0.020)., Conclusion: A lack of improvement in the PV flow pattern is independently associated with worse long-term survival in patients with primary MR undergoing MVR., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Published: 2024
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33. Effects of combined training on nonshivering thermogenic activity of muscles in individuals with overweight and type 2 diabetes.

Author: Finardi EAR, Bonfante ILP, Monfort-Pires M, Duft RG, Mateus KCDS, Brunetto SQ, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Ramos CD, Velloso LA, and Cavaglieri CR
Subjects: Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Female, Treatment Outcome, Time Factors, Adult, Exercise Therapy methods, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 therapy, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Muscle, Skeletal physiopathology, Thermogenesis, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 administration & dosage, Overweight physiopathology, Overweight therapy, Overweight metabolism, Resistance Training methods, Energy Metabolism, Radiopharmaceuticals administration & dosage
Abstract: Background: Increased thermogenic activity has shown to be a promising target for treating and preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Little is known about the muscular influence on nonshivering thermogenesis (NST), and it remains unclear whether physical training and potential metabolic improvements could be associated with changes in this type of thermogenic activity., Objective: The present study aimed to assess muscular NST activity in overweight and T2DM before and after a combined training period (strength training followed by aerobic exercise)., Methods: Nonshivering cold-induced 18-fluoroxyglucose positron emission computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) was performed before and after 16 weeks of combined training in 12 individuals with overweight and T2DM. The standard uptake value (SUV) of 18F-FDG was evaluated in skeletal muscles, the heart and the aorta., Results: Muscles in the neck region exhibit higher SUV pre- and posttraining. Furthermore, a decrease in glucose uptake by the muscles of the lower and upper extremities and in the aorta was observed after training when adjusted for brown adipose tissue (BAT). These pre-post effects are accompanied by increased cardiac SUV and occur concurrently with heightened energy expenditure and metabolic improvements., Conclusions: Muscles in the neck region have greater metabolic activity upon exposure to cold. In addition, combined training appears to induce greater NST, favoring the trunk and neck region compared to limbs based on joint work and adaptations between skeletal muscles and BAT., (© 2024 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine.)
Published: 2024
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34. AI for the prediction of early stages of Alzheimer's disease from neuroimaging biomarkers - A narrative review of a growing field.

Author: Rudroff T, Rainio O, and Klén R
Subjects: Humans, Artificial Intelligence, Disease Progression, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnostic imaging, Early Diagnosis, Brain diagnostic imaging, Alzheimer Disease diagnostic imaging, Alzheimer Disease diagnosis, Neuroimaging methods, Neuroimaging standards, Biomarkers
Abstract: Objectives: The objectives of this narrative review are to summarize the current state of AI applications in neuroimaging for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) prediction and to highlight the potential of AI techniques in improving early AD diagnosis, prognosis, and management., Methods: We conducted a narrative review of studies using AI techniques applied to neuroimaging data for early AD prediction. We examined single-modality studies using structural MRI and PET imaging, as well as multi-modality studies integrating multiple neuroimaging techniques and biomarkers. Furthermore, they reviewed longitudinal studies that model AD progression and identify individuals at risk of rapid decline., Results: Single-modality studies using structural MRI and PET imaging have demonstrated high accuracy in classifying AD and predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD. Multi-modality studies, integrating multiple neuroimaging techniques and biomarkers, have shown improved performance and robustness compared to single-modality approaches. Longitudinal studies have highlighted the value of AI in modeling AD progression and identifying individuals at risk of rapid decline. However, challenges remain in data standardization, model interpretability, generalizability, clinical integration, and ethical considerations., Conclusion: AI techniques applied to neuroimaging data have the potential to improve early AD diagnosis, prognosis, and management. Addressing challenges related to data standardization, model interpretability, generalizability, clinical integration, and ethical considerations is crucial for realizing the full potential of AI in AD research and clinical practice. Collaborative efforts among researchers, clinicians, and regulatory agencies are needed to develop reliable, robust, and ethical AI tools that can benefit AD patients and society., (© 2024. Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia.)
Published: 2024
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35. SV2A PET shows hippocampal synaptic loss in cognitively unimpaired APOE ε4/ε4 homozygotes.

Author: Snellman A, Tuisku J, Koivumäki M, Wahlroos S, Aarnio R, Rajander J, Karrasch M, Ekblad LL, and Rinne JO
Abstract: Introduction: We investigated hippocampal synaptic density using synaptic vesicle 2A positron emission tomography (PET), and its association with amyloid beta (Aβ) and cognitive performance in healthy apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers., Methods: Synaptic density was assessed in 46 individuals (APOE ε4/ε4 n = 14; APOE ε3/ε4 n = 16; APOE ε3/ε3 n = 16) with [ 11 C]UCB-J-PET standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs), by using the centrum semiovale as a reference region. Differences in hippocampal [ 11 C]UCB-J SUVRs were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear models. Associations among [ 11 C]UCB-J SUVR, Aβ, hippocampal volume, and cognitive variables were analyzed with Spearman correlation., Results: Hippocampal synaptic density was different among the APOE groups (P ANOVA = 0.016): APOE ε4/ε4 carriers had lower [ 11 C]UCB-J SUVRs compared to APOE ε3/ε3 (p = 0.013). Hippocampal synaptic density did not correlate with Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) total score (rho = -0.052, p = 0.74), Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative Preclinical Cognitive Composite (APCC) score (rho = 0.17, p = 0.28), or [ 11 C]PiB uptake (rho = -0.10, p = 0.50)., Discussion: Hippocampal synaptic loss emerges early in the AD continuum and is measurable in vivo in cognitively unimpaired high-risk individuals., Highlights: Synaptic density was studied in vivo in healthy older adults using [ 11 C]UCB-J positron emission tomography. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4/ε4 carriers had lower hippocampal synaptic density compared to APOE ε3/ε3. Synaptic density was not associated with cognitive performance in this population. Hippocampal synaptic alterations occur before clinical symptoms in APOE ε4/ε4 carriers., (© 2024 The Author(s). Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)
Published: 2024
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36. Measurement invariance of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale and associations with genetic risk in older adults.

Author: Saari TT, Piirtola M, Aaltonen A, Palviainen T, Varjonen A, Julkunen V, Rinne JO, Kaprio J, and Vuoksimaa E
Subjects: Humans, Aged, Male, Female, Aged, 80 and over, Finland epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major genetics, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Depression genetics, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Factors, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Cohort Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Abstract: Background: As populations are aging, it needs to be ensured that valid depression rating scales are available across old adulthood. Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) is a common depression rating scale, however, few studies have assessed its validity in individuals with age over 90 and/or cognitive impairment. We examined the factor structures of 20-, 15-, and 8-item CES-D scales, their measurement invariance for age and cognition, and associations with genetic risk of depression., Methods: Participants were from a population-based older Finnish Twin Cohort study including 71-79-year-olds from the MEMTWIN II (n = 1034 for exploratory and n = 664 for confirmatory factor analyses) and 90+ year-olds from the NONAGINTA (n = 134, confirmatory factor analyses) sub-studies. Associations of polygenic risk score of major depressive disorder (MDD-PRS) with CES-D scales were examined in MEMTWIN II., Results: Exploratory factor analyses (n = 1034) suggested four- (CES-D 20) and three-factor (CES-D 8) structures and these models fit well in confirmatory analyses (n = 664). Unidimensional models had good (CES-D 15 & 20) or fair fit (CES-D 8). Results supported scalar invariance of all CES-D versions for age and cognitive status. Higher MDD-PRS was associated with more depressive symptoms in different CES-D versions., Conclusions: Different CES-D versions are adequate for measuring depressive symptoms across age groups and cognitive spectrum in old age. Genetic risk of depression predicts depressive symptoms even in old age., Competing Interests: JK has received support from Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, the European Union and the National Institutes of Health. JOR has consulted for Clinical Research Services Turku and acted as a member on the data monitoring committee for Lundbeck., (Copyright: © 2024 Saari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2024
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37. Endogenous opioid receptor system mediates costly altruism in the human brain.

Author: Chen J, Putkinen V, Seppälä K, Hirvonen J, Ioumpa K, Gazzola V, Keysers C, and Nummenmaa L
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Young Adult, Receptors, Opioid, mu metabolism, Fentanyl analogs & derivatives, Fentanyl pharmacology, Pain physiopathology, Pain metabolism, Analgesics, Opioid pharmacology, Analgesics, Opioid metabolism, Altruism, Brain physiology, Brain metabolism, Brain diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract: Functional neuroimaging studies suggest that a large-scale brain network transforms others' pain into its vicarious representation in the observer, potentially modulating helping behavior. However, the neuromolecular basis of individual differences in vicarious pain and helping is poorly understood. We investigated the role of the endogenous μ-opioid receptor (MOR) system in altruistic costly helping. MOR density was measured using [ 11 C]carfentanil. In a separate fMRI experiment, participants could donate money to reduce a confederate's pain from electric shocks. Participants were generally willing to help, and brain activity was observed in amygdala, anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), striatum, primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex and thalamus when witnessing others' pain. Haemodynamic responses were negatively associated with MOR availability in emotion circuits. However, MOR availability positively associated with the ACC and hippocampus during helping. These findings suggest that the endogenous MOR system modulates altruism in the human brain., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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38. Clinical risk prediction, coronary computed tomography angiography, and cardiovascular events in new-onset chest pain: the PROMISE and SCOT-HEART trials.

Author: Rasmussen LD, Schmidt SE, Knuuti J, Vrints C, Bøttcher M, Foldyna B, Williams MC, Newby DE, Douglas PS, and Winther S
Abstract: Background and Aims: Whether index testing using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) improves outcomes in stable chest pain is debated. The risk factor weighted clinical likelihood (RF-CL) model provides likelihood estimation of obstructive coronary artery disease. This study investigated the prognostic effect of coronary CTA vs. usual care by RF-CL estimates., Methods: Large-scale studies randomized patients (N = 13 748) with stable chest pain to coronary CTA as part of the initial work-up in addition to or instead of usual care including functional testing. Patients were stratified according to RF-CL estimates [RF-CL: very-low (≤5%), low (>5%-15%), and moderate/high (>15%)]. The primary endpoint was myocardial infarction or death at 3 years., Results: The primary endpoint occurred in 313 (2.3%) patients. Event rates were similar in patients allocated to coronary CTA vs. usual care [risk difference (RD) 0.3%, hazard ratio (HR) 0.84 (95% CI 0.67-1.05)]. Overall, 33%, 44%, and 23% patients had very-low, low, and moderate/high RF-CL. Risk was similar in patients with very low and moderate/high RF-CL allocated to coronary CTA vs. usual care [very low: RD 0.3%, HR 1.27 (0.74-2.16); moderate/high: RD 0.5%, HR 0.88 (0.63-1.23)]. Conversely, patients with low RF-CL undergoing coronary CTA had lower event rates [RD 0.7%, HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.47-0.97)]. The number needed to test using coronary CTA to prevent one event within 3 years was 143., Conclusions: Despite an overall good prognosis, low RF-CL patients have reduced risk of myocardial infarction or death when allocated to coronary CTA vs. usual care. Risk is similar in patients with very-low and moderate/high likelihood., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Published: 2024
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39. Impaired Gait, Postural Instability, and Rigidity in Relation to CB1 Receptor Availability in Parkinson's Disease.

Author: Ajalin R, Al-Abdulrasul H, Tuisku JM, Hirvonen J, Lahdenpohja S, Rinne JO, and Brück A
Abstract: Background: In Parkinson's disease (PD), postural instability and gait disorder (PIGD) symptoms are associated with a worse prognosis for an unknown reason., Objective: The objective was to explore the relationship between cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) availability and motor symptoms in PD with [ 18 F]FMPEP-d 2 positron emission tomography (PET)., Methods: Fifteen individuals with PD underwent [ 18 F]FMPEP-d 2 PET to measure cerebral CB1R availability. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor part (UPDRS-III) was used to evaluate the motor symptoms., Results: A negative correlation was observed between [ 18 F]FMPEP-d 2 V T and PIGD score (P = 0.002) as well as rigidity subscore (P < 0.001). Both clusters covered widespread areas of both hemispheres. In contrast, tremor or bradykinesia did not correlate to [ 18 F]FMPEP-d 2 V T ., Conclusions: Gait, postural instability, and rigidity in PD are associated with decreased CB1R availability, unlike tremor or bradykinesia, suggesting that the endocannabinoid system has a role in the pathophysiology of different motor symptoms in PD. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society., (© 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.)
Published: 2024
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40. Hybrid cardiovascular imaging. A clinical consensus statement of the european association of nuclear medicine (EANM) and the european association of cardiovascular imaging (EACVI) of the ESC.

Author: Caobelli F, Dweck MR, Albano D, Gheysens O, Georgoulias P, Nekolla S, Lairez O, Leccisotti L, Lubberink M, Massalha S, Nappi C, Rischpler C, Saraste A, and Hyafil F
Abstract: Hybrid imaging consists of a combination of two or more imaging modalities, which equally contribute to image information. To date, hybrid cardiovascular imaging can be performed by either merging images acquired on different scanners, or with truly hybrid PET/CT and PET/MR scanners. The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) aim to review clinical situations that may benefit from the use of hybrid cardiac imaging and provide advice on acquisition protocols providing the most relevant information to reach diagnosis in various clinical situations., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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41. Regular Exercise Training Induces More Changes on Intestinal Glucose Uptake from Blood and Microbiota Composition in Leaner Compared to Heavier Individuals in Monozygotic Twins Discordant for BMI.

Author: Lietzén MS, Guzzardi MA, Ojala R, Hentilä J, Heiskanen MA, Honkala SM, Lautamäki R, Löyttyniemi E, Kirjavainen AK, Rajander J, Malm T, Lahti L, Rinne JO, Pietiläinen KH, Iozzo P, and Hannukainen JC
Subjects: Humans, Female, Adult, Male, Blood Glucose metabolism, Obesity microbiology, Obesity metabolism, Insulin blood, Insulin metabolism, Glucose metabolism, Middle Aged, Intestine, Small microbiology, Intestine, Small metabolism, Feces microbiology, Twins, Monozygotic, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Exercise physiology, Body Mass Index
Abstract: Background/objectives: Obesity impairs intestinal glucose uptake (GU) (intestinal uptake of circulating glucose from blood) and alters gut microbiome. Exercise improves intestinal insulin-stimulated GU and alters microbiome. Genetics influence the risk of obesity and gut microbiome. However, the role of genetics on the effects of exercise on intestinal GU and microbiome is unclear., Methods: Twelve monozygotic twin pairs discordant for BMI (age 40.4 ± 4.5 years, BMI heavier 36.7 ± 6.0, leaner 29.1 ± 5.7, 8 female pairs) performed a six-month-long training intervention. Small intestine and colonic insulin-stimulated GU was studied using [ 18 F]FDG-PET and microbiota from fecal samples with 16s rRNA., Results: Ten pairs completed the intervention. At baseline, heavier twins had lower small intestine and colonic GU ( p < 0.05). Response to exercise differed between twins ( p = 0.05), with leaner twins increasing colonic GU. Alpha and beta diversity did not differ at baseline. During the intervention, beta diversity changed significantly, most prominently at the mid-point ( p < 0.01). Beta diversity changes were only significant in the leaner twins when the twin groups were analyzed separately. Exercise was associated with changes at the phylum level, mainly at the mid-point (pFDR < 0.05); at the genus level, several microbes increased, such as Lactobacillus and Sellimonas (pFDR < 0.05). In type 1 analyses, many genera changes were associated with exercise, and fewer, such as Lactobacillus , were also associated with dietary sugar consumption ( p < 0.05)., Conclusions: Obesity impairs insulin-stimulated intestinal GU independent of genetics. Though both twin groups exhibited some microbiota changes, most changes in insulin-stimulated colon GU and microbiota were significant in the leaner twins.
Published: 2024
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42. Clinical development and proof of principle testing of new regenerative vascular endothelial growth factor-D therapy for refractory angina: rationale and design of the phase 2 ReGenHeart trial.

Author: Leikas AJ, Hartikainen JEK, Kastrup J, Mathur A, Gyöngyösi M, Fernández-Avilés F, Sanz-Ruiz R, Wojakowski W, Gwizdała A, Luite R, Nikkinen M, Qayyum AA, Haack-Sørensen M, Kelham M, Jones DA, Hamzaraj K, Spannbauer A, Fernández-Santos ME, Jędrzejek M, Skoczyńska A, Vartiainen N, Knuuti J, Saraste A, and Ylä-Herttuala S
Subjects: Humans, Double-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Quality of Life, Proof of Concept Study, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Male, Female, Genetic Vectors, Myocardial Perfusion Imaging methods, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Adenoviridae genetics, Angina Pectoris therapy, Angina Pectoris diagnosis, Angina Pectoris physiopathology, Genetic Therapy methods, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D
Abstract: Background: Despite tremendous therapeutic advancements, a significant proportion of coronary artery disease patients suffer from refractory angina pectoris, that is, quality-of-life-compromising angina that is non-manageable with established pharmacological and interventional treatment options. Adenoviral vascular endothelial growth factor-D ΔNΔC (AdVEGF-D)-encoding gene therapy (GT) holds promise for the treatment of refractory angina., Methods: ReGenHeart is an investigator-initiated, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled and double-blinded phase 2 clinical trial that aims to study the safety and efficacy of intramyocardially administered angiogenic AdVEGF-D GT for refractory angina. Patients will be randomised in a 2:1 ratio and blocks of six to receive either AdVEGF-D or placebo. Primary endpoints are improvements in functional capacity assessed with the 6 min walking test and angina symptoms with Canadian Cardiovascular Society class after 6 month follow-up. Secondary endpoints are improvements in myocardial perfusion assessed with either positron emission tomography or single-photon emission CT after 6 month follow-up and functional capacity and angina symptoms after 12 months. In addition, changes in the quality of life, the use of angina medication and the incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events will be evaluated., Conclusions: The phase 2 ReGenHeart trial will provide knowledge of the safety and efficacy of AdVEGF-D GT to ameliorate symptoms in refractory angina patients, extending and further testing positive results from the preceding phase 1/2a trial., Competing Interests: Competing interests: JEKH received consultancy fees from Novo Nordisk and speaker fees from the BMS-Pfizer alliance. JK received consultancy fees from GE Healthcare and Synektik and speaker fees from GE Healthcare, Bayer, Lundbeck, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Pfizer, Siemens Healthineers and Merck, outside of the submitted work. AS received consultancy fees from Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer, and speaker fees from Abbott, Astra Zeneca and Bayer. Other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Published: 2024
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43. Sedentary behavior reduction and blood lipids in adults with metabolic syndrome: a 6-month randomized controlled trial.

Author: Ylinen VP, Sjöros T, Laine S, Garthwaite T, Norha J, Vähä-Ypyä H, Löyttyniemi E, Houttu N, Laitinen K, Kalliokoski KK, Sievänen H, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, and Heinonen IH
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Accelerometry, Metabolic Syndrome blood, Metabolic Syndrome diet therapy, Metabolic Syndrome therapy, Sedentary Behavior, Lipids blood, Exercise
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether a reduction in accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior (SB) improves blood lipids in inactive adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Sixty-four participants were randomly assigned into intervention (INT, n = 33) and control (CONT, n = 31) groups. The INT group was instructed to reduce SB by 1 h/day without increasing formal exercise, whereas the CONT group was advised to maintain usual SB habits. SB and physical activity (PA) were measured with accelerometers throughout the intervention. Plasma lipid concentrations and dietary intake by food diaries were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. High-density lipoprotein percentage of total cholesterol decreased during the intervention similarly in both groups (p = 0.047). Other blood lipids did not change from baseline to six months in either group. The CONT group had a statistically significant reduction in the intake of saturated fatty acids compared to the INT group (p = 0.03). Intervention resulting in a 40-minute reduction in daily SB and 20-minute increase in habitual MVPA seems to not be effective in improving blood lipids in adults with MetS. Reducing SB together with a higher volume and/or intensity of PA and proper nutrition may be needed to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic diseases.Trial registration. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03101228, 05/04/2017). https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03101228?term=NCT03101228&draw=2&rank=1 ., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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44. Radiation exposure in vesicoureteral reflux diagnostics: a comparative study of direct radionuclide cystography and voiding cystourethrogram.

Author: Viljamaa HR, Ripatti LLM, Larjava HRS, Noponen TEJ, Saikkonen A, Rautava PTK, Koivisto MA, and Pakkasjärvi NA
Abstract: Introduction: Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is the standard method for diagnosing vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) but has been criticized for radiation exposure. Direct radionuclide cystography (DRC) was developed to reduce this risk. We aimed to assess DRC's efficacy as a screening tool and compare its radiation burden to VCUG., Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patient records encompassing children who underwent VCUG or DRC to diagnose VUR from 2011 to 2020 at our hospital., Results: A total of 156 children were included (median age: 0.75 years, 53.8% females). Indications included urinary tract infection in 71.2% of patients and antenatal hydronephrosis in 26.9%. DRC was performed on 122 patients (78.2%) and VCUG on 96 patients (61.5%), with solitary use in 38.5 and 21.8% of cases, respectively, and combined application in 39.7%. DRC detected VUR in 35.3% (43/122) and VCUG in 61.5% (59/96) of patients. Bladder-filling rates differed significantly between DRC (37%) and VCUG (67%) (P < 0.0001). Median radiation doses were lower in VCUG (0.023 mSv) than in DRC (0.073 mSv). For patients requiring complementary VCUG after DRC, the median radiation dose for DRC was 0.063 mSv (P < 0.0001), resulting in a total median dose of 0.098 mSv. Cost analysis revealed VCUG as more cost-effective, with an additional expenditure of approximately 345 euros per patient undergoing DRC in our cohort., Conclusion: DRC imposed a higher radiation burden on patients than VCUG and often necessitated follow-up VCUG for positive cases. This challenges the utility of DRC as a low-radiation alternative in VUR screening., Level of Evidence: Level 4: cohort study without a control group., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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45. Brain metabolic response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to lesion network in cervical dystonia.

Author: Kokkonen A, Corp DT, Aaltonen J, Hirvonen J, Kirjavainen AK, Rajander J, and Joutsa J
Abstract: Background: A previous study identified a brain network underlying cervical dystonia (CD) based on causal brain lesions. This network was shown to be abnormal in idiopathic CD and aligned with connections mediating treatment response to deep brain stimulation, suggesting generalizability across etiologies and relevance for treatment. The main nodes of this network were located in the deep cerebellar structures and somatosensory cortex (S1), the latter of which can be easily reached via non-invasive brain stimulation. To date, there are no studies testing brain stimulation to networks identified using lesion network mapping., Objectives: To assess target engagement by stimulating the S1 and testing the brain's acute metabolic response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in CD patients and healthy controls., Methods: Thirteen CD patients and 14 controls received a single session of continuous theta burst (cTBS) and sham to the right S1. Changes in regional brain glucose metabolism were measured using [ 18 F]FDG-PET., Results: cTBS increased metabolism at the stimulation site in CD (P = 0.03) but not in controls (P = 0.15; group difference P = 0.01). In subcortical regions, cTBS increased metabolism in the brainstem in CD only (P FDR = 0.04). The remote activation was positively associated with dystonia severity and efficacy of sensory trick phenomenon in CD patients., Conclusions: Our results provide further evidence of abnormal sensory system function in CD and show that a single session of S1 cTBS is sufficient to induce measurable changes in brain glucose metabolism. These findings support target engagement, motivating therapeutic trials of cTBS to the S1 in CD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2024
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46. Feasibility of shortening scan duration of 18 F-FDG myocardial metabolism imaging using a total-body PET/CT scanner.

Author: Zhang X, Xiang Z, Wang F, Han C, Zhang Q, Liu E, Yuan H, and Jiang L
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate 18 F-FDG myocardial metabolism imaging (MMI) using a total-body PET/CT scanner and explore the feasible scan duration to guide the clinical practice., Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 41 patients who underwent myocardial perfusion-metabolism imaging to assess myocardial viability. The patients underwent 18 F-FDG MMI with a total-body PET/CT scanner using a list-mode for 600 s. PET data were trimmed and reconstructed to simulate images of 600-s, 300-s, 120-s, 60-s, and 30-s acquisition time (G600-G30). Images among different groups were subjectively evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. Semi-quantitative evaluation was performed using standardized uptake value (SUV), myocardial to background activity ratio (M/B), signal to noise ratio (SNR), contrast to noise ratio (CNR), contrast ratio (CR), and coefficient of variation (CV). Myocardial viability analysis included indexes of Mismatch and Scar. G600 served as the reference., Results: Subjective visual evaluation indicated a decline in the scores of image quality with shortening scan duration. All the G600, G300, and G120 images were clinically acceptable (score ≥ 3), and their image quality scores were 4.9 ± 0.3, 4.8 ± 0.4, and 4.5 ± 0.8, respectively (P > 0.05). Moreover, as the scan duration reduced, the semi-quantitative parameters M/B, SNR, CNR, and CR decreased, while SUV and CV increased, and significant difference was observed in G300-G30 groups when comparing to G600 group (P < 0.05). For myocardial viability analysis of left ventricular and coronary segments, the Mismatch and Scar values of G300-G30 groups were almost identical to G600 group (ICC: 0.968-1.0, P < 0.001)., Conclusion: Sufficient image quality for clinical diagnosis could be achieved at G120 for MMI using a total-body PET/CT scanner, while the image quality of G30 was acceptable for myocardial viability analysis., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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47. Diagnostic Performance of Quantitative Perfusion Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Prior Coronary Artery Disease.

Author: Hoek R, Borodzicz-Jazdzyk S, van Diemen PA, Somsen YBO, de Winter RW, Jukema RA, Twisk JWR, Raijmakers PG, Knuuti J, Maaniitty T, Underwood SR, Nagel E, Robbers LFHJ, Demirkiran A, von Bartheld MB, Driessen RS, Danad I, Götte MJW, and Knaapen P
Abstract: Aims: The diagnostic performance of quantitative perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (QP-CMR) imaging has scarcely been evaluated in patients with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and new onset chest pain. The present study compared the diagnostic performance of automated QP-CMR for detection of fractional flow reserve (FFR) defined hemodynamically significant CAD with visual assessment of first-pass stress perfusion CMR (v-CMR) and quantitative [15O]H2O positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in a true head-to-head fashion in patients with prior CAD., Methods and Results: This PACIFIC-2 substudy included 145 symptomatic chronic coronary symptom patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). All patients underwent dual-sequence, single bolus perfusion CMR and [15O]H2O PET perfusion imaging followed by invasive coronary angiography with three-vessel FFR. Hemodynamically significant CAD was defined as an FFR ≤0.80. QP-CMR, v-CMR and PET exhibited a sensitivity of 66%, 67%, and 80%, respectively, whereas specificity was 60%, 62%, and 63%. Sensitivity of QP-CMR was lower than PET (P=0.015), whereas specificity of QP-CMR and PET was comparable. Diagnostic accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) of QP-CMR (64% and 0.66) was comparable to both v-CMR (66% [P=NS] and 0.67 (P=NS]) and PET (74% [P=NS] and 0.78 [P=NS])., Conclusions: In patients with prior MI and/or PCI, the diagnostic performance of QP-CMR was comparable to visual assessment of first-pass stress perfusion CMR and quantitative [15O]H2O PET for the detection of hemodynamically significant CAD as defined by FFR., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.)
Published: 2024
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48. A taxonomy for human social perception: Data-driven modeling with cinematic stimuli.

Author: Santavirta S, Malén T, Erdemli A, and Nummenmaa L
Abstract: Every day, humans encounter complex social situations that need to be encoded effectively to allow interaction with others. Yet, principles for organizing the perception of social features from the external world remain poorly characterized. In this large-scale study, we investigated the principles of social perception in dynamic scenes. In the primary data set, we presented 234 movie clips (41 min) containing various social situations to 1,140 participants and asked them to evaluate the presence of 138 social features in each clip. Analyses of the social feature ratings revealed that some features are perceived categorically (present or absent) and others continuously (intensity) and simple social features requiring immediate response are perceived most consistently across participants. To establish the low-dimensional perceptual organization for social features based on movies, we used principal coordinate analysis and consensus clustering for the feature ratings. These dimension reduction analyses revealed that the social perceptual structure can be modeled with eight main dimensions and that behaviorally relevant perceptual categories emerge from these main dimensions. This social perceptual structure generalized from the perception of unrelated Hollywood movie clips to the perception of a full Finnish movie (70 min) and to the perception of static images ( n = 468) and across three independent sets of participants ( n = 2,254). Based on the results, we propose eight basic dimensions of social perception as a model for rapid social perception where social situations are perceived along eight orthogonal perceptual dimensions (most importantly emotional valence, empathy vs. dominance, and cognitive vs. physical behavior). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Published: 2024
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49. Clinical Likelihood Prediction of Hemodynamically Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Stable Chest Pain.

Author: Rasmussen LD, Karim SR, Westra J, Nissen L, Dahl JN, Brix GS, Knuuti J, Schmidt SE, Holm NR, Christiansen EH, Eftekhari A, Bøttcher M, and Winther S
Subjects: Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Angina, Stable physiopathology, Angina, Stable diagnostic imaging, Clinical Decision-Making, Likelihood Functions, Prognosis, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Computed Tomography Angiography, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease physiopathology, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Coronary Artery Disease complications, Coronary Stenosis physiopathology, Coronary Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Decision Support Techniques, Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial, Hemodynamics, Predictive Value of Tests, Vascular Calcification diagnostic imaging, Vascular Calcification physiopathology, Vascular Calcification complications
Abstract: Background: Selection for invasive angiography is recommended to be based on pretest probabilities (PTPs), and physiological measures of hemodynamical impairment by, for example, fractional flow reserve (FFR) should guide revascularization. The risk factor-weighted clinical likelihood (RF-CL) and coronary artery calcium score-weighted clinical likelihood (CACS-CL) models show superior discrimination of patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), but validation against hemodynamic impairment is warranted., Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate the RF-CL and CACS-CL models against hemodynamically obstructive CAD., Methods: Stable de novo chest pain patients (N = 4,371) underwent coronary computed tomography angiography and subsequently invasive coronary angiography with FFR measurements. Hemodynamically obstructive CAD was defined as invasive FFR ≤0.80 or high-grade stenosis by visual assessment (>90% diameter stenosis). For comparison, a guideline-endorsed basic PTP model was calculated based on age, sex, and symptom typicality. The RF-CL model additionally included the number of risk factors, and the CACS-CL model incorporated the coronary artery calcium score into the RF-CL., Results: In total, 447 of 4,371 (10.9%) patients had hemodynamically obstructive CAD. Both the RF-CL and CACS-CL models classified more patients with a very low clinical likelihood (≤5%) of obstructive CAD compared to the basic PTP model (33.0% and 53.7% vs 12.0%; P < 0.001) with a preserved low prevalence of hemodynamically obstructive CAD (<5% for all models). Against hemodynamically obstructive CAD, calibration and discrimination of the RF-CL and CACS-CL models were superior to the basic PTP model., Conclusions: The RF-CL and CACS-CL models are well calibrated and superior to a currently recommended basic PTP model to predict hemodynamically obstructive CAD. (Danish Study of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Testing in Coronary Artery Disease [Dan-NICAD]; NCT02264717; Danish Study of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Testing in Coronary Artery Disease 2 [Dan-NICAD 2]; NCT03481712, Danish Study of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Testing in Coronary Artery Disease 3 [Dan-NICAD 3]; NCT04707859)., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures Dr Rasmussen has received support in terms of a research grant (PD5Y-2023001-DCA) from the Danish Cardiovascular Academy, which is funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, grant number NNF20SA0067242 and The Danish Heart Foundation. Dr Knuuti has received consulting fees from GE Healthcare and Synektik; and has received speaker fees from Lundbeck, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Pfizer, and Siemens Healthineers. Dr Schmidt has received a research grant from Acarix AB. Dr Holm has received institutional research grants from Abbott, Boston Scientific, and Medis Medical Imaging; and has received speaker fees from Abbott and Terumo. Dr Christiansen has received consulting fees from Abbott, Phillips, and Boston Scientific. Dr Bøttcher has served on the Advisory Boards for NOVO Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Sanofi, Novartis, AMGEN, CLS-Behring, and Acarix. Dr Winther has received support from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Clinical Emerging Investigator grant (NNF21OC0066981). All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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50. Analysis of sleep apnea research with a special focus on the use of positron emission tomography as a study tool.

Author: Li A, Jaakkola MK, Saaresranta T, Klén R, and Li XG
Subjects: Humans, Biomedical Research, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Sleep Apnea Syndromes diagnostic imaging
Abstract: The quality of sleep plays a significant role in determining human well-being, and studying sleep and sleep disorders using various methods can aid in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive and highly sensitive medical imaging technique that has been widely adopted in the clinic. This review article provides data on research activity related to sleep and sleep apnea and discusses the use of PET in investigating sleep apnea and other sleep disorders. We conducted a statistical analysis of the number of original research articles published on sleep and sleep apnea between 1965 and 2021 and found that there has been a dramatic increase in publications since 1990. The distribution of contributing countries and regions has also undergone significant changes. Although there is an extensive body of literature on sleep research (256,399 original research articles during 1965-2021), PET has only been used in 54 of these published studies, indicating a largely untapped area of research. Nonetheless, PET is a useful tool for identifying connections between sleep disorders and pathological changes in various diseases, including neurological, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders, as well as cancer. To facilitate the broader use of PET in sleep apnea research, further studies are needed in both clinical and preclinical settings., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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