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The effect of carbon content on the microstrucures, the tensile strength, creep strength and fracture toughness of 10Cr–5W ferritic steels containing from 0.02 to 0.13 mass% C is investigated. The low carbon steels possess the higher Ms temperature than the high carbon steels, so that the packet size of the martensite structure is larger in the low carbon steels. Both the FATT (fracture appearance transition temperature) and the USE (upper shelf energy) increase with decreasing carbon content. This means the decrease of toughness and the increase of ductility with decreasing carbon content. Fine precipitates of the Laves phase are observed in the martensite lath in all experimental steels after quality heat treatment. The tensile strength measured at 873 K has a tendency to increase with decreasing C content. But a certain amount of C is needed even in 5 W ferritic steels to keep the longer creep-rupture life under the lower stress level.

Long-term recording of activity of the zygomatic muscle, the most important mimic muscle involved in smiling, was performed in 22 disorganized type schizophrenic patients with inappropriate smiles and 15 normal subjects in two separate experiments. During inappropriate smiles, the zygomatic muscle exhibited waxing and waning bursts of activity with an amplitude of 75 to 120 μV, which could not be distinguished from the activity observed during usual smiling in normal subjects. However, the duration of such activity tended to be longer when compared to that in usual smiling by normal subjects as well as by schizophrenic patients. In contrast to usual smiles, inappropriate smiles decreased with personal contact. When asked about their thoughts during smiling shortly after inappropriate smiles, more patients reported that they thought of nothing at all or something not necessarily pleasant rather than something pleasant that would be expected to induce smiling.