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1. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

Published
2023
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2. Clinical and radiographic features of simple and hydatid cysts of the liver

Author

K. M. Harris, P. J. Toghill, David L. Morris, Tudor Rg, and Jack D. Hardcastle

Subjects
Adult, Male, Echinococcosis, Hepatic, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiography, Simple cyst, Serology, parasitic diseases, Humans, Medicine, Cyst, Positive serology, Liver cysts, Aged, Ultrasonography, Cysts, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Echinococcosis, Surgery, Liver, Female, Radiology, Hepatic Cyst, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business
Abstract

The advances of hydatid chemotherapy and the non-operative management of simple (epithelial) hepatic cysts make a correct diagnosis of increasing importance. Twenty-six patients with hepatic hydatid cysts and eleven with simple cysts were reviewed. In both groups clinical presentation was most frequently due to pain. Sex, age and size of the cysts were similar. Hydatid serology was negative in six of the hydatid patients (23 per cent). None of the simple cyst patients had positive serology but one had a borderline titre. Ultrasound and computerized tomography identified daughter cysts within the main cyst in only 17 hydatid cysts (65 per cent) and considerable intra-cyst debris was also present in five of the simple cysts. Seven of the simple cysts were deroofed surgically and the remainder underwent percutaneous aspiration. Sixteen of the hydatid cysts were found to have a biliary communication whereas this was not found with any simple cyst. The difficulties in making a precise diagnosis in some patients with a liver cyst should deter the interventional radiologist and restrain the hydatid chemotherapist.

Published
1986
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3. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

4. Visual art as philosophical inquiry: expanding pedagogic possibilities in the quest for a community of reflective thinkers

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

The educational program 'Philosophy for Children' (Matthew Lipman), has been developed through the International Association for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (Montclair State University, New Jersey). It advocates transforming classrooms into 'communities of inquiry', to yield significant and beneficial outcomes for future societies. This vision is outwardly political, consciously optimistic, and potentially extremely powerful: "To convert classrooms into communities of inquiry moves us beyond arguments and theories into the realm of concrete actions aimed at changing the world for the better" (Sharp & Reed, 1992:171-172). Yet, philosophical inquiry is understood in this program as a strictly linguistic activity - stimulated by reading and explored through conversation. This paper asserts that the framework for fostering life-long reflective thought set-up in 'Philosophy for Children' is not only satisfied by the practice of art making, but also enhanced in crucial ways through physical engagement in creating (for both amateur and professional art maker). The question remains: can visual art practice be said to be a form of philosophical inquiry? Sharp, A. M. & Reed, R. F. 1992 (eds) Studies in Philosophy for Children: Harry Stottlemeier's Discovery (Philadelphia: Temple University Press).

5. A Theoretician's Guide to Getting Wet

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

This paper was one of four presentations by invitation at the forum 'Being There: Creative Engagements with Place' held during Tasmanian Living Artists Week 2007. It is an autobiographical reflection on being a theory-based doctoral candidate in an art school. In line with Tudor's research interests in visual art practice and the environment, this paper follows the analogy of a flowing river to tell of the ways this writer has attempted to apply her practice to the 'real world' through incorporating interviews, case studies and exhibition reviews into her research methodology.

6. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

7. Visual art as philosophical inquiry: expanding pedagogic possibilities in the quest for a community of reflective thinkers

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

The educational program 'Philosophy for Children' (Matthew Lipman), has been developed through the International Association for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (Montclair State University, New Jersey). It advocates transforming classrooms into 'communities of inquiry', to yield significant and beneficial outcomes for future societies. This vision is outwardly political, consciously optimistic, and potentially extremely powerful: "To convert classrooms into communities of inquiry moves us beyond arguments and theories into the realm of concrete actions aimed at changing the world for the better" (Sharp & Reed, 1992:171-172). Yet, philosophical inquiry is understood in this program as a strictly linguistic activity - stimulated by reading and explored through conversation. This paper asserts that the framework for fostering life-long reflective thought set-up in 'Philosophy for Children' is not only satisfied by the practice of art making, but also enhanced in crucial ways through physical engagement in creating (for both amateur and professional art maker). The question remains: can visual art practice be said to be a form of philosophical inquiry? Sharp, A. M. & Reed, R. F. 1992 (eds) Studies in Philosophy for Children: Harry Stottlemeier's Discovery (Philadelphia: Temple University Press).

8. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

9. Visual art as philosophical inquiry: expanding pedagogic possibilities in the quest for a community of reflective thinkers

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

The educational program 'Philosophy for Children' (Matthew Lipman), has been developed through the International Association for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (Montclair State University, New Jersey). It advocates transforming classrooms into 'communities of inquiry', to yield significant and beneficial outcomes for future societies. This vision is outwardly political, consciously optimistic, and potentially extremely powerful: "To convert classrooms into communities of inquiry moves us beyond arguments and theories into the realm of concrete actions aimed at changing the world for the better" (Sharp & Reed, 1992:171-172). Yet, philosophical inquiry is understood in this program as a strictly linguistic activity - stimulated by reading and explored through conversation. This paper asserts that the framework for fostering life-long reflective thought set-up in 'Philosophy for Children' is not only satisfied by the practice of art making, but also enhanced in crucial ways through physical engagement in creating (for both amateur and professional art maker). The question remains: can visual art practice be said to be a form of philosophical inquiry? Sharp, A. M. & Reed, R. F. 1992 (eds) Studies in Philosophy for Children: Harry Stottlemeier's Discovery (Philadelphia: Temple University Press).

10. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

11. Untitled

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

13. A Theoretician's Guide to Getting Wet

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

This paper was one of four presentations by invitation at the forum 'Being There: Creative Engagements with Place' held during Tasmanian Living Artists Week 2007. It is an autobiographical reflection on being a theory-based doctoral candidate in an art school. In line with Tudor's research interests in visual art practice and the environment, this paper follows the analogy of a flowing river to tell of the ways this writer has attempted to apply her practice to the 'real world' through incorporating interviews, case studies and exhibition reviews into her research methodology.

15. Visual art as philosophical inquiry: expanding pedagogic possibilities in the quest for a community of reflective thinkers

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

The educational program 'Philosophy for Children' (Matthew Lipman), has been developed through the International Association for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (Montclair State University, New Jersey). It advocates transforming classrooms into 'communities of inquiry', to yield significant and beneficial outcomes for future societies. This vision is outwardly political, consciously optimistic, and potentially extremely powerful: "To convert classrooms into communities of inquiry moves us beyond arguments and theories into the realm of concrete actions aimed at changing the world for the better" (Sharp & Reed, 1992:171-172). Yet, philosophical inquiry is understood in this program as a strictly linguistic activity - stimulated by reading and explored through conversation. This paper asserts that the framework for fostering life-long reflective thought set-up in 'Philosophy for Children' is not only satisfied by the practice of art making, but also enhanced in crucial ways through physical engagement in creating (for both amateur and professional art maker). The question remains: can visual art practice be said to be a form of philosophical inquiry? Sharp, A. M. & Reed, R. F. 1992 (eds) Studies in Philosophy for Children: Harry Stottlemeier's Discovery (Philadelphia: Temple University Press).

16. Untitled

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

18. Visual art as philosophical inquiry: expanding pedagogic possibilities in the quest for a community of reflective thinkers

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

The educational program 'Philosophy for Children' (Matthew Lipman), has been developed through the International Association for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (Montclair State University, New Jersey). It advocates transforming classrooms into 'communities of inquiry', to yield significant and beneficial outcomes for future societies. This vision is outwardly political, consciously optimistic, and potentially extremely powerful: "To convert classrooms into communities of inquiry moves us beyond arguments and theories into the realm of concrete actions aimed at changing the world for the better" (Sharp & Reed, 1992:171-172). Yet, philosophical inquiry is understood in this program as a strictly linguistic activity - stimulated by reading and explored through conversation. This paper asserts that the framework for fostering life-long reflective thought set-up in 'Philosophy for Children' is not only satisfied by the practice of art making, but also enhanced in crucial ways through physical engagement in creating (for both amateur and professional art maker). The question remains: can visual art practice be said to be a form of philosophical inquiry? Sharp, A. M. & Reed, R. F. 1992 (eds) Studies in Philosophy for Children: Harry Stottlemeier's Discovery (Philadelphia: Temple University Press).

19. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

20. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

21. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

22. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

23. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

24. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

25. Looking out: an investigation of the visitor's experience of natural environment

Author

Tudor, RG and Tudor, RG

Abstract

A practical, aesthetic and philosophical examination of lookouts as found in Australian National Parks. Investigates the impact of landscape (as refering to both the actual phenomena and cultural product) on environmental values and human relationship with place. Explores the unique relationship between visitors and environments conserved for their 'wilderness' value. Discusses the management of lookouts and the mediation and potential manipulation of visual perception in the design of these facilities. Suggests lookouts subjegate immediate physical 'site' to celebrate a distant 'scene' granted greater environmental value on the basis of aesthetic principles of beauty, the sublime and the photogenic.

26. National audit of complicated diverticular disease: analysis of index cases.

Author

Tudor RG, Farmakis N, and Keighley MR

Subjects
Abscess etiology, Acute Disease, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cause of Death, Cellulitis etiology, Diverticulum mortality, Female, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage etiology, Humans, Intestinal Diseases mortality, Intestinal Fistula etiology, Intestinal Obstruction etiology, Male, Middle Aged, Peritonitis etiology, Prospective Studies, United Kingdom, Diverticulum complications, Hospital Mortality, Intestinal Diseases complications, Medical Audit
Abstract

Details of 300 patients with complicated diverticular disease from 30 hospitals between 1985 and 1988 were entered into a national audit organized by the Surgical Research Society. Complications present on admission included acute phlegmon (n = 104), pericolic abscess (n = 34), purulent peritonitis (n = 40), large bowel obstruction (n = 31), faecal peritonitis (n = 23), pericolic abscess complicated by fistula (n = 28) and lower gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 40). The overall mortality rate was 11.3 per cent (acute phlegmon, 4 per cent; purulent peritonitis, 27 per cent; pericolic abscess, 12 per cent; faecal peritonitis, 48 per cent; large bowel obstruction, 6 per cent; bleeding, 2 per cent; fistula, 4 per cent). Acute phlegmon was treated without operation in 78 patients (75.0 per cent) and by resection in 24 (23.1 per cent). Management of purulent peritonitis generally involved Hartmann's procedure (62 per cent) or resection and primary anastomosis (15 per cent). Similarly, patients with pericolic abscess usually underwent Hartmann's procedure (38 per cent) or resection and primary anastomosis (35 per cent). The principal operation for faecal peritonitis was Hartmann's resection (83 per cent). Large bowel obstruction was managed conservatively in four patients (13 per cent), by Hartmann's procedure in nine (29 per cent), and by resection and primary anastomosis with or without a proximal stoma in 13 (42 per cent). Most patients (82 per cent) with fistula associated with an abscess were managed by resection and primary anastomosis; 90 per cent with acute gastrointestinal bleeding were treated without operation.

Published
1994
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27. The 5-year natural history of complicated diverticular disease.

Author

Farmakis N, Tudor RG, and Keighley MR

Subjects
Acute Disease, Cause of Death, Diverticulum, Colon complications, Diverticulum, Colon mortality, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Medical Audit, Recurrence, Colon, Sigmoid surgery, Diverticulum, Colon surgery
Abstract

The natural history of complicated diverticular disease based on details of 300 patients entered into a national audit between 1985 and 1988 is reported. Questionnaires were sent to the general practitioners of 176 patients with this condition 5 years after hospital admission; 120 responded. Of these 120 patients, ten died from recurrent complicated diverticular disease, 29 died from other disorders and 81 remain alive. Forty of 110 patients (excluding those who died from recurrence) are still symptomatic or were so at the time of unrelated death. Thirty-nine patients developed a severe complication after the index admission, 14 of whom had the same complication initially. Of the 77 patients who had initially been managed by sigmoid resection, only two developed recurrent complications compared with 37 of 43 managed conservatively. Of the ten patients who died from recurrent diverticular disease, nine had not undergone sigmoid colectomy at or after the original admission. These data argue for interval sigmoid colectomy in most patients who initially present to hospital with complicated diverticular disease to prevent later development of potentially lethal complications.

Published
1994
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28. New advances in antibiotic prophylaxis for colorectal surgery.

Author

Tudor RG

Subjects
Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Humans, Peritoneal Lavage, Sepsis prevention & control, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Colonic Diseases surgery, Rectal Diseases surgery, Surgical Wound Infection prevention & control
Abstract

The major advances in antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery have come from an awareness of the need for appropriate agents against the known likely pathogens and from knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of these drugs. Intensive study has been undertaken to identify optimal regimens, but as there is great variability in the settings under which these operations take place, it is not always possible to compare the results of these various investigations. There is little doubt that in many cases there is gross contamination with faecal organisms and the term prophylaxis is inappropriate so that prolonged courses of antibiotics would appear to be safer. However, work towards identifying patients at increased susceptibility of developing septic complications may well further improve the outcome of colorectal surgery.

Published
1991
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30. A comparison of the penetration of two quinolones into intra-abdominal abscess.

Author

Tudor RG, Youngs DJ, Yoshioka K, Burdon DW, and Keighley MR

Subjects
Abscess blood, Abscess drug therapy, Administration, Oral, Animals, Anti-Infective Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Infective Agents blood, Ciprofloxacin administration & dosage, Ciprofloxacin blood, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Fleroxacin, Injections, Intravenous, Male, Permeability, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Time Factors, Tissue Distribution, Abdomen, Abscess metabolism, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacokinetics, Ciprofloxacin analogs & derivatives, Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics
Abstract

A low-mortality model of an intra-abdominal abscess in the rat has been used to study the penetration of two quinolone agents into pus. Maximum concentrations in pus after intravenous injections were achieved at four hours (ciprofloxacin: 12.7 +/- 3.69 mg/L, fleroxacin: 2.25 +/- 1.82 mg/L), whereas fleroxacin given orally reached the maximum level at two hours (13.39 +/- 3.13 mg/L). Higher concentrations of fleroxacin were recorded in pus than in serum at each time point up to eight hours after administration, but pus levels of ciprofloxacin only exceeded serum levels after 1.5 hours. These antibiotics appear to have a unique property of high penetration into established abscesses and may have an important therapeutic role in the treatment of patients with multiple interloop abscesses.

Published
1988
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31. The umbilical and paraumbilical veins of man.

Author

Martin BF and Tudor RG

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aging, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Liver blood supply, Middle Aged, Radiography, Umbilical Veins diagnostic imaging, Umbilical Veins anatomy & histology
Abstract

During its transit through the umbilicus structural changes occur in the thick wall of the extra-abdominal segment of the umbilical vein whereby the components of the intra-abdominal segment acquire an essentially longitudinal direction and become arranged in fibro-elastic and fibro-muscular zones. The vein lumen becomes largely obliterated by asymmetrical proliferation of loose subendothelial conective tissue. The latter forms a new inner zone within which a small segment of the lumen persists in an eccentric position. This residual lumen transmits blood to the portal system from paraumbilical and systemic sources, and is retained in the upper part of the vein, even in old age. A similar process of lumen closure is observed in the ductus venosus. In early childhood the lower third of the vein undergoes breakdown, with fatty infiltration, resulting in its complete division into vascular fibro-elastic strands, and in old age some breakdown occurs in the outermost part of the wall of the upper two thirds. The paraumbilical veins are thick-walled and of similar structure to the umbilical vein. Together they constitute an accessory portal system which is confined between the layers of the falciform ligament and is in communication with the veins of the ventral abdominal wall. The constituents form an ascending series, namely, Burow's veins, the umbilical vein, and Sappey's inferior and superior veins. The main channel of Sappey's inferior veins may be the remnant of the right umbilical vein since it communicates with the right rectus sheath and often communicates directly with the portal system within the right lobe of the liver. The results are of significance in relation to clinical usage of the umbilical vein.

Published
1980

32. The management of inflammatory complications of colonic diverticular disease.

Author

Morris DL and Tudor RG

Subjects
Diverticulitis, Colonic surgery, Diverticulum, Colon pathology, Humans, Intestinal Perforation surgery, Peritonitis surgery, Diverticulum, Colon complications, Intestinal Perforation etiology, Peritonitis etiology
Abstract

Inflammatory complications of colonic diverticular disease remain a common and dangerous cause for hospital admission in our ageing society. The presentation, pathology, general and surgical management of acute diverticulitis, peritonitis and perforation of colonic diverticular disease are reviewed.

Published
1987

34. The penetration of fleroxacin into intra-abdominal abscesses.

Author

Youngs DJ, Tudor RG, Yoshioka K, and Keighley MR

Subjects
Abdomen, Abscess metabolism, Animals, Anti-Infective Agents therapeutic use, Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics, Ciprofloxacin therapeutic use, Fleroxacin, Male, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Abscess drug therapy, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacokinetics, Ciprofloxacin analogs & derivatives
Abstract

Using a recently developed, low mortality model of an intra-abdominal abscess in the Wistar rat, we have studied the penetration of fleroxacin into the abscess. Maximum serum concentration was 1.83 +/- 0.39 mg l and occurred 1 h after iv injection (20 mg/kg), but even at 4 h after administration the mean serum level was 1.21 +/- 0.27 mg/l. By contrast, levels in pus were 6.27 +/- 0.83 mg/l at 1 h rising steadily to a value of 12.7 +/- 3.69 mg/l at 4 h. The study has confirmed exceptional antibiotic penetration into the abscess, with levels at all time intervals between 0.5 and 8 h after administration in excess of the MIC50 for Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Clostridium perfringens.

Published
1988
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35. Comparison of short-term antibiotic cover with a third-generation cephalosporin against conventional five-day therapy using metronidazole with an aminoglycoside in emergency and complicated colorectal surgery.

Author

Tudor RG, Haynes I, Youngs DJ, Burdon DW, and Keighley MR

Subjects
Cefotetan, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Therapy, Combination, Emergencies, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prothrombin Time, Random Allocation, Cephamycins therapeutic use, Colonic Diseases surgery, Gentamicins therapeutic use, Metronidazole therapeutic use, Rectum surgery, Surgical Wound Infection prevention & control
Abstract

In a prospective, randomized control trial, 152 consecutive patients requiring emergency or complicated colorectal surgery were allocated either to two doses of cefotetan or to five-day cover with gentamicin, and a single dose of metronidazole. Twenty-one patients received 6 gm of cefotetan before prolongation of prothrombin time dictated a change in the dose regimen such that all remaining patients (N = 55) received only 4 gm of cefotetan. The groups were well matched for diagnosis and surgical procedure. Rates of postoperative infection did not differ significantly between the groups, with wound infection rates occurring in 17 of 75 patients receiving gentamicin and metronidazole (22.7 percent) compared with ten of 75 receiving cefotetan (13 percent). Although wound infection rates were lower in the cefotetan group, the incidence of intra-abdominal abscess was similar in both groups. Eight patients receiving cefotetan developed intra-abdominal abscesses (11 percent), compared with seven receiving gentamicin and metronidazole (9 percent). Prolongation of prothrombin time in excess of 13 seconds occurred in six patients receiving cefotetan compared with no patients receiving gentamicin and metronidazole. None of these patients developed clinical bleeding, however.

Published
1988
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