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Endometrioma is one of the main pathologies of endometriosis, though its pathogenesis still remains enigmatic. Ovarian reserve is defined as the number and quality of the follicles left in the ovary at any given time. The cause of infertility in women with endometriosis is multifactorial. Diminished ovarian reserve is major concern in women with endometriosis-associated infertility. Cystectomy for endometriomas could negatively impact on post-operative ovarian reserve. Some women had surgery for endometriomas suffer from poor ovarian response, which directly affects treatment results. In addition, endometriomas themselves may be a cause of diminished ovarian reserve. Destruction of normal histological structure in ovarian cortex may affect dormancy of primordial follicles. Therefore, determination of ovarian reserve may serve as an important role in the management of reproductive health of women with endometriosis. Although the knowledge on the physiology of follicular development and mechanism of maintenance of ovarian reserve are rapidly accumulating, results obtained by ovarian reserve testing after surgery should be carefully evaluated according to the time-points and selected test. Further investigation on this issue is warranted.

Aim To determine whether three-dimensional saline infusion sonohysterography (3D-SISH) is useful for the detection of endometrial polyps and whether it can accurately identify the site of attachment within the uterine cavity. Methods Sixteen women who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 3D-SISH and subsequent hysteroscopic resection or total hysterectomy and who were surgically diagnosed with endometrial polyps were enrolled. The rate of polyp detection and the accuracy of attachment site within the uterine cavity for each test were examined. Results Endometrial polyps could only be identified in 37.5% of women using MRI, but could be identified in all women using 3D-SISH. The accuracy rate of the attachment site of endometrial polyps was 87.5% on 3D-SISH and 18.8% (in all patients) or 50.0% (in polyp-detected patients) on MRI, indicating a higher accuracy rate using 3D-SISH. Conclusion We demonstrated that 3D-SISH is useful for the detection and localization of endometrial polyps and is likely to become the examination method of first choice for the identification of endometrial polyps.

Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease mostly affecting women of reproductive age. An additive effect between inflammation and stress reaction on the growth of endometriosis has been demonstrated. Here we investigated the combined effect between 17β-estradiol (E2) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on pelvic inflammation and growth of endometriotic cells. Peritoneal fluid was collected from 46 women with endometriosis and 30 control women during laparoscopy. Peritoneal macrophages (Mφ) and stromal cells from eutopic/ectopic endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) were isolated from 10 women each with and without endometriosis in primary culture. Changes in cytokine secretion (interleukin 6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α]) by Mφ and proliferation of ESCs in response to single and combined treatment with E2 and LPS were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay, respectively. A significantly increased secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in Mφ culture media was found in response to E2 (10(-8) mol/L) compared to nontreated Mφ. This effect of E2 was abrogated after pretreatment of cells with ICI 182720 (10(-6) mol/L; an estrogen receptor [ER] antagonist). Combined treatment with E2 and LPS (10 ng/mL) additively promoted IL-6 and TNF-α secretion by peritoneal Mφ and growth of eutopic/ectopic ESCs. The additive effects of E2 + LPS on cytokine secretion and growth of ESCs were effectively suppressed after combined blocking of ER and Toll-like receptor 4. An additive effect was observed between E2 and LPS on promoting proinflammatory response in pelvis and growth of endometriosis.

Aim To evaluate factors related to the occurrence of Sheehan syndrome. Methods The obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation score, total volume of hemorrhage, shock index, level of consciousness at the time of shock occurrence and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging findings were evaluated in nine women who showed massive hemorrhage during delivery. These clinical outcomes were analyzed in all these patients who were prospectively followed-up to identify any possible occurrence of Sheehan syndrome. Results Compared to six women with non-Sheehan syndrome, three women who were diagnosed with Sheehan syndrome showed significant elevation of the obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation score, decrease in the level of consciousness during shock and remarkable pituitary gland atrophic change with an empty sella turcica detected by pituitary magnetic resonance imaging. The volume of hemorrhage during delivery and shock index were not significantly different between these two groups of women. Conclusion Careful attention and follow-up should be paid to women with post-partum massive hemorrhage for early detection and management of women with Sheehan syndrome.

The increasing number of frail older people being admitted to Japan's care homes makes it difficult for healthcare professionals alone to attend to all their needs. By law, care workers are not allowed to carry out any clinical procedures but, in response to the situation, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has allowed this group of workers to carry out limited clinical activities, such as oral suctioning and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube feeding at one type of Japanese care home, welfare care homes. Care workers must be supervised by healthcare professionals and follow guidelines. The ministry has further decided to introduce a certification system, so that from 2015 certified care workers will be able to engage lawfully in these activities.

We present a case of a pregnant woman with scleroderma (Ssc) whose placenta showed multiple chorionic cysts and severe fibrotic changes and large infarcted areas at the maternal side. Fetal growth was appropriate for gestational age and amniotic fluid volume was normal, but fetal tachycardia, loss of variability, and late deceleration were detected by non-stress test at 29 weeks of gestation. She was diagnosed as having non-reassuring fetal status and delivered a female baby who weighed 1092 g (Apgar score 6/9) by Caesarean section. Placental surface cysts are rare findings and their effect on pregnancy is poorly understood, but an association with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been reported. This is the first report of a pregnant woman with scleroderma showing multiple placental cysts.

医療費適正化に対する圧力が強まる中、在院日数短縮という観点から高齢者のいわゆる社会的入院の解消が政策課題となり、平成18年度医療保険制度改革の一環として療養病床の再編成が進められることになった。しかし、再編成には歓迎論がある一方で弱者いじめという反発も強く、いわゆる医療難民、介護難民等が発生しないような対策が求められている。高齢者に対し病院でのケアに代わるケア域ケア(注1)を模索してきた英国では、1980年代以降病床の縮小・合理化を進めていたが、民間ケア施設が退院高齢者の引き受け手となったため、地域ケアの場は伸び悩み、その整備は先送りされる結果となった。病床数の縮小が限界状況に近くなり入院待機が大きな社会問題となったため、2000年頃からあらためて病床の効率利用が求められた。そのような状況下、高齢者の入院比率が高く退院遅延が目立っていたため、病院ケアに代わる地域ケアサービスの開発推進、NHS病院と地方自治体の協働・連携作業の枠組みつくり等が中央政府主導で進められ、高齢者の退院促進が図られている。本稿は、四半世紀の取組みを経て、英国が病院ケアから施設ケアという路線から、病院ケアから地域ケアへという路線へと転換を図っていることを1980〜90年代と2000年以降の2期に区分して検証するとともに、最後にそれを教訓として、わが国の療養病床の再編成問題に関連し、施設中心から地域中心への脱却、病院ケアモデルに代わる新しい地域ケアモデルの開発、保健医療・福祉関係機関の協働・連携について所感を述べる。, 研究ノート(Note)

The first case of oncocytic carcinoma which arose from the inferior turbinate of the nasal cavity with orbital invasion through the nasolacrimal canal and widespread lymph node metastases in the neck and face is reported here. The tumor metastasized rapidly, spread widely to the whole neck and face, and produced tumor emboli in the lymphatics and extranodal extension by rupture of the lymph node capsule in the absence of clinically palpable regional lymph node enlargement. We think the oncocytic carcinoma of the nasal cavity may be a high-grade malignancy tumor.

To determine whether three-dimensional saline infusion sonohysterography (3D-SISH) is useful for the detection of endometrial polyps and whether it can accurately identify the site of attachment within the uterine cavity.Sixteen women who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 3D-SISH and subsequent hysteroscopic resection or total hysterectomy and who were surgically diagnosed with endometrial polyps were enrolled. The rate of polyp detection and the accuracy of attachment site within the uterine cavity for each test were examined.Endometrial polyps could only be identified in 37.5% of women using MRI, but could be identified in all women using 3D-SISH. The accuracy rate of the attachment site of endometrial polyps was 87.5% on 3D-SISH and 18.8% (in all patients) or 50.0% (in polyp-detected patients) on MRI, indicating a higher accuracy rate using 3D-SISH.We demonstrated that 3D-SISH is useful for the detection and localization of endometrial polyps and is likely to become the examination method of first choice for the identification of endometrial polyps.

かつて「介護地獄」ともいわれた高齢者の介護を担う家族の負担は、介護保険制度の導入によって大きく軽減された。国民に新たな負担を求めたにもかかわらず介護保険制度が一定の評価を得ているのは、高齢者だけでなく介護者の支持があったからに違いない。しかし、これからも在宅で介護を担い続けていく介護者に対し、要介護高齢者への介護サービス提供という手法を中心とした従来路線で十分な支援といえるだろうか。 このような問題意識を持ち、本稿ではまず、要介護高齢者支援手法とは別建て方式で、介護者独自のニーズを踏まえた個別の支援策を強化している英国の政策動向に着目した。そして、その背景、政策当局の認識を分析し、これを我が国の状況に重ね併せながら比較検証し、問題提起を行った。 第1は、介護者には要介護高齢者向けサービスの拡充だけでカバーできないは独自のニーズがあり、要介護者支援策と並ぶ介護者支援策を確立する必要があることである。 第2は、「要介護者のための介護者支援」にとどまらず「介護者のための介護者支援」、すなわち「介護者の生活の質」まで含む戦略の重要性ということである。 第3に、介護者支援のための戦略には経済的支援等も含めた総合性が求められるが、本稿では、特に介護と生活の両立を図る福祉サービス面からの支援がまず求められると考え、それを実現するための介護者支援福祉サービスについて、最後に若干の提案を行った。, 論説(Article)

Recently, solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) have been reported in the head and neck area, such as the nasal cavity, thyroid, salivary gland, etc. We present a rare case of SFT which arose from the sphenoethmoidal recess of the nasal cavity, penetrating into the sphenoid sinus, and which showed different intensities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the occupied locations. T2 weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images showed low intensity in the nasal cavity, and iso-intensity in the sphenoid sinus. Enhancement with gadolinium contrast on T1-weighted images was more remarkable in the sphenoid sinus than in the nasal cavity. While the tumor in the nasal cavity showed abundant collagen and high cellularity in microscopic examination, numerous small vessels and dilated vascular spaces were remarkable in the tumor of the sphenoid sinus. MRI findings corresponded to pathological findings. We review SFTs in the head and neck area in the English literature.

論説

The objective of this study was to evaluate serum nitrite and nitrate (nitrite/nitrate) concentrations that affect adversely pregnancy outcome. Pregnant rats, from day 2 to day 8 of pregnancy, were daily given subcutaneously several doses (5, 10, and 30 mg/rat) of diethylenetriamine-nitric oxide (DETA/NO). Serum nitrite/nitrate concentrations were measured using an HPLC system. Serum nitrite/nitrate concentrations increased dose-dependently with DETA/NO. Effects of DETA/NO on pregnancy outcome were assessed on day 14 of pregnancy. In rats given 5 mg DETA/NO, there was a significant increase in serum nitrite/nitrate concentrations (49.2 vs 24.6 μmol/l, P

Input/output (I/O) curves of evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs) reveal a saturation at 30 dB or thereabout above their detection threshold. It has been suggested that such I/O relation corresponds to that of the basilar membrane vibration related with an active electro-mechanical process of outer hair cells. EOAEs in response to 1–2 kHz short tone bursts were measured. EOAEs were examined in ears with idiopathic sudden hearing loss (HL), low tone type acute sensorineural HL, Meniere's disease and noise-induced HL. Three types of shift that were downward, horizontal and combined were observed in their I/O curves. The downward shift was seen mainly in the ears with high tone HL and the horizontal shift was in the ears with low tone HL. Three types of shift were observed in the ears of Meniere's disease, in which glycerol administration augmented EOAE amplitude beyond the normal saturation level of its cotralateral side. Measurements of EOAE I/O curves are useful for diagnosis of inner ear impairments related to outer hair cell dysfunction in ears with sensorineural HL.

In this study we examined 310 patients with sudden deafness treated in our hospital between 1996 and 2001. Seventy-one patients were treated with steroid only (steroid group), 130 patients were treated with steroid and Lipo-PGE1 combined therapy (steroid-LipoPGE1 group) and 53 patients were treated with Lipo-PGE1 only (LipoPGE1 group).The improvement rate was 39.4, 67.7 and 81.1% in the steroid, steroid-LipoPGE1 and LipoPGE1 groups, respectively. The improvement rate was significantly higher in the steroid-LipoPGE1 and LipoPGE1 groups than in the steroid group (p

突発性難聴および低音障害型急性感音難聴における内耳病態を機能的に追究するために, それらの患耳から測定した誘発耳音響放射の入出力曲線を検討した。 検出閾値の上昇と共に飽和レベルが低下した。 2型の低下パターン, すなわち截頭型と平行移動型が認められ, 前者は高・中音域障害の突発性難聴耳に多く, 後者は低音障害耳に多かった。 平行移動型に回復例が多かったが, 飽和パターンは予後の推測因子として十分とはいえなかった。 誘発耳音響放射の入出力曲線の飽和レベルは外有毛細胞に連係した能動的基底板振動を表現しており, 感音難聴耳で入出力曲線の変化の推移を観察することにより蝸牛内障害の細別診断が可能である。

内耳障害に起因すると考えられる急性感音難聴耳の誘発耳音響放射 (EOAE) 記録において, 遅成分と速成分の検出閾値差は予後の推測に役立つことが示唆されてきた。純音聴力レベル4分法平均値55dB以下の低音障害型急性感音難聴と突発性難聴のEOAEを比較検討すると両者の遅成分検出閾値は共に聴力レベルと有意な相関を示した。聴力レベル30dB以下の両疾患非回復群のEOAE検出閾値では遅成分から速成分を差し引いた値が負を呈することは極めて稀であった。EOAE検出閾値の遅成分-速成分の値の正負は予後判断に有用な指標であるといえる。

STUDY QUESTIONIs there any combined effect between inflammation and stress reaction on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated growth of endometriotic cells?SUMMARY ANSWERA combined effect of local inflammation and stress reaction in the pelvic environment may be involved in TLR4-mediated growth of endometriotic stromal cells.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYIn endometriosis, higher endotoxin levels in the menstrual fluid (MF) and peritoneal fluid (PF) and higher tissue concentrations of human heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the eutopic and ectopic endometria promote TLR4-mediated growth of endometriotic cells.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE AND DURATIONThis is a case-controlled research study with prospective collection and retrospective evaluation of sera, MF, PF and endometrial tissues from 43 women with and 20 women without endometriosis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSPF was collected from 43 women with endometriosis and 20 control women during laparoscopy. Sera and endometrial biopsy specimens were collected from a proportion of these women. MF was collected from a separate population of 20 women with endometriosis and 15 control women. HSP70 concentrations in sera, MF, PF and in culture media were measured by ELISA. Gene expression of HSP70 by endometrial cells in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined by qRT-PCR. The individual and combined effects of LPS and HSP70 on the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) by PF-derived macrophages (Mφ) were examined by ELISA, while their effects on endometrial cell proliferation were examined by bromodeoxyuridine and [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay.MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEConcentrations of HSP70 were maximal in MF, intermediate in PF and the lowest in sera. In MF and PF, HSP70 levels were higher in women with endometriosis than in controls. LPS stimulated gene expression and secretion of HSP70 by eutopic endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and this effect was abrogated after pretreatment of cells with an anti-TLR4 antibody. This effect was significantly higher for ESCs derived from women with endometriosis than for ESCs from control women. Exogenous treatment with either HSP70 or LPS significantly stimulated the production of IL-6 and TNFα by Mφ and promoted the proliferation of ESCs, and a significant additive effect between LPS and HSP70 was observed. While individual treatment with either polymyxin B, an LPS antagonist, or anti-HSP70 antibody was unable to suppress the combined effects of LPS and HSP70 on cytokine secretion or ESC proliferation, pretreatment of cells with the anti-TLR4 antibody was able to significantly suppress their combined effects.LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTIONSFurther studies are needed to examine the mutual role between other secondary inflammatory mediators and endogenous stress proteins in promoting pelvic inflammation and growth of endometriotic stromal cells.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSOur findings suggest that endotoxin and HSP70 are mutually involved in a stress reaction and in inflammation. A combined effect between local inflammation and a stress reaction in pelvic environment may be involved in TLR4-mediated growth of endometriotic cells.Since endometriosis is a multi-factorial disease, it is difficult to explain uniformly its growth regulation by a single factor. Our findings may provide some new insights in understanding the physiopathology or pathogenesis of endometriosis and may hold new therapeutic potential., Human Reproduction, 28(10), pp.2794-2803; 2013

To evaluate factors related to the occurrence of Sheehan syndrome.The obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation score, total volume of hemorrhage, shock index, level of consciousness at the time of shock occurrence and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging findings were evaluated in nine women who showed massive hemorrhage during delivery. These clinical outcomes were analyzed in all these patients who were prospectively followed-up to identify any possible occurrence of Sheehan syndrome.Compared to six women with non-Sheehan syndrome, three women who were diagnosed with Sheehan syndrome showed significant elevation of the obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation score, decrease in the level of consciousness during shock and remarkable pituitary gland atrophic change with an empty sella turcica detected by pituitary magnetic resonance imaging. The volume of hemorrhage during delivery and shock index were not significantly different between these two groups of women.Careful attention and follow-up should be paid to women with post-partum massive hemorrhage for early detection and management of women with Sheehan syndrome.

純音聴力検査におけるディップ型聴力損失と誘発耳音響放射 (EOAE) の持続の延長 (C-EOAE) との間に関係があり, C-EOAEが内耳の音響易傷性を表現しているらしいことを示唆されている。そのような関係を実証するための一連の研究の一つとして某高等学校剣道部員の聴覚検査とEOAEの測定が行われた。自記オージオグラム上において, 規定した小ディップは44耳中34耳に見られ, C-EOAEは44耳中24耳に認められた。C-EOAEのある耳における小ディップのある頻度は95.8%であり, 両者の間にはユールの連関係数Q=0.90で強い関連性のあることが示された。この成績は以前に報告した中学校吹奏楽部員における調査結果に近いものであった。今までの一連の研究結果から, C-EOAEは音響易傷性の内耳素因を表わしているという考えが支持され, EOAEの測定は音響障害の易傷性の予知に役立つ可能性が示唆された。

内耳性難聴耳の誘発耳音響放射 (EOAE) において聴力レベルと中音域EOAEの検出閾値がよく相関することが今迄の研究で示唆されている。 今回は低音障害の感音難聴のEOAEについて低音障害型を除く突発性難聴のそれと比較検討し, その結果から低音障害型の感音難聴における蝸牛内微小機械系のかかわり, および突発性難聴との関係を考察した。 1kHzに対する純音聴力レベルとEOAE検出閾値の関係では, 突発性難聴から得られた回帰直線に概ね沿って分布する傾向がみられた。 1kHz純音聴力閾値30dB以下どの比較では, 低音障害型は突発性難聴よりEOAEの平均閾値が12.6dB低かった。 低音障害型の感音難聴も突発性難聴と同様, 蝸牛機械系に関連した変換過程の障害に起因する事が示唆された。

In a 70 year old woman with a tumor in the head of the pancreas, the lesion was predominantly composed of papillary adenocarcinoma protruding into the main pancreatic duct, with periductal invasion. The major portion of the adenocarcinoma was intraductal and was composed of tall columnar epithelial cells with pseudostratified nuclei, had the appearance of primitive endodermal epithelium and was positive for carcino-embryonic antigen. In contrast, in the other portion of the adenocarcinoma which had the predominant component of periductal invasion, neoplastic cells had an irregular, eosinophilic cytoplasm, resembled ordinary pancreas adenocarcinoma of ductal origin and was positive for CA19-9. Neuro-endocrine and alpha-fetoprotein-positive cells with a primitive appearance were scattered among the neoplastic epithelial linings. In addition, a vimentin-positive sarcomatoid component intermingled with the adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest that the adenocarcinoma observed in this tumor with the primitive appearance also had a primitive phenotype. This was evidenced by immunohistochemistry and the divergent directions of differentiation. This particular case illustrates that pancreas adenocarcinoma of the ordinary histologic type can arise secondarily from the more primitive neoplastic cells during carcinogenesis within the pancreatic duct.

新チオカルバミン酸系抗真菌剤liranaftate (M-732; piritetrate) の外用抗真菌剤としての有用性を評価する前提として, 諸種病原真菌, Nocardia属その他の細菌に対するin vitro抗菌活性を対照薬剤にtolciclateとbifonazoleを用い, 寒天平板希釈法により比較検討した.Liranaftateは皮膚糸状菌に対して最も強力な抗菌活性を示した. 特にTrichophyton rubrumの新鮮臨床分離菌株および保存菌株に対するMIC値は, それぞれ0.009～0.078μg/mlおよび0.004～0.078μg/mlであった. また, 二形性真菌, Cryptococcus neoformans, 黒色真菌およびその他の糸状菌に対して優れた抗菌活性を示した. さらに癜風起因菌に対しても抗菌活性が認められた. しかしながら, ほとんどすべてのCandida属諸菌種, Nocardia属その他の細菌に対する抗菌活性は認められなかった. Liranaftateの抗菌活性は総じてtolciclateより優れ, 抗菌スペクトルも広域であった. これに対し, bifonazoleとの比較では菌種により抗菌活性の強弱は区々であった.以上の成績から, liranaftateがカンジダ症を除く皮膚糸状菌症をはじめとする表在性真菌症の諸種起因菌に対して優れたin vitro抗菌活性を示すことが確認された.

Trichophyton mentagrophytesによるモルモットの実験的白癬に対する1%および2% liranaftate (M-732; piritetrate) クリーム剤の治療効果について対照薬剤に1% tolciclateクリームを用いて比較検討した結果, 以下の成績を得た.1%および2% liranaftateクリーム剤を菌接種3日目より感染部位に1日1回14日間連日塗布した結果, 症状の著しい改善と組織内の菌消滅効果を示した. 症状の改善度からは各薬剤間に有意な差は認められなかったが, 菌の陰性化においては2% liranaftate, 1% liranaftateおよび1% tolciclateクリームの順に, 有意に優れた治療効果が認められた.

We measured serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels before and after surgery in women undergoing unilateral and monolocular cystectomy for benign ovarian diseases. Comparing to control benign cysts, we found a significant decline in serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels with consequent depletion of follicles in tissue specimens after surgery for women with ovarian endometrioma., Fertility and Sterility, 95(8), pp.2589-2591.e1; 2011

Background:Wepreviously demonstrated a remarkably higher association of pelvic endometriosis in women with ovarian endometrioma. However, information regarding occurrence of pelvic endometriosis in women with demoid cyst is unknown even thesewomenexperience similar retrogrademenstruation like womenwithovarianendometriosis.During theprocessof endometrial cell attachment, an event of immunedefect or tolerance occurs that finally decide the survival or clearance of autologous cells in pelvic environment. Here, we retrospectively evaluated recorded files of laparoscopy from 1982 to 2008 at our university and examined the incidence of pelvic endometriosis in women with benign ovarian cysts. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective study conducted in 2988 cases that had undergone laparoscopic surgery between September 1982 and April 2008 for the indication of ectopic pregnancy, tubal infertility and other benign gynecologic diseases. We analyzed occurrence of pelvic endometriosis in women with ovarian endometrioma and dermoid cyst during 25 years observation period.With informed consent, cystwall from20 womenwithdermoidcysts and20womenwithovarianendometrioma and corresponding eutopic endometria and peritoneal tissues were prospectively collected during laparoscopy. Tissue expression of FOXP3+ Treg cells was examined by immunohistochemistry and peritoneal fluid (PF) levels of TGF and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. Results: Among 2988 laparoscopy cases, 350 cases (11.7%)were found to have ovarian endometrioma, 414 (13.8%) cases had dermoid cyst and 398 (13.3%) cases were treated for fertility screening or uterine myoma with bilateral pathology free ovary. A predominance of both ovarian endometrioma and dermoid cysts was found inwomen in their 20th and30thyears of age.Womenwithdermoid cysts had a significantly decreased occurrence of pelvic endometriosis (74 cases, 18.6%) when compared with that of women with ovarian endometrioma (267 cases, 76.3%) and with women with bilateral normal ovary (188 cases, 47.2%). A significantly higher expressionof FOXP3, a transcriptional factorofTregcells,was found in cyst wall and peritoneum of women with dermoid cysts having peritoneal lesions comparing to similar tissues derived from dermoid cysts without any peritoneal lesions. A relationship between FOXP3 expression and TGF /interleukin-6 levels in peritoneal fluid (PF) will be discussed. Conclusions: Higher FOXP3+ Treg cells in the peritoneum may be associated with decreased occurrence of peritoneal lesions in women with benign ovarian cyst. A possible immunosurveillance secondary to different pelvic environmentmight be involved in this protective effect against endometriosis.

s / Journal of Reproductive Immunology 112 (2015) 121–140 127 frompatients undergoing operations for benign gynecological conditions. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients participating in this study. The expression of MAS1 in addition to AT1, AT2 receptors mRNA was examined by RT using total RNA extracted from frozen samples. Quantitative real-time PCR were performed. Results: MAS1 mRNA expression was detected in all samples. No significant differences were observed in the eutopic endometria at any phase in controls. Higher expression was observed in endometriotic lesion. Therewas a relationship between expression ofMAS1mRNAandAT-1 receptormRNA in endometriosis samples. Conclusion: The expressions of MAS1 mRNA of endometriosis samples indicate that MAS1 may have an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2015.09.022

Small dip-shaped hearing loss may be frequently observed on Bekesy audiograms in ears without any hearing loss on pure tone audiograms. Hearing tests and otoacoustic emission measurements were performed in club member of 2 senior high schools (K-D School and S-D School), in order to determine any relationship between inner ear impairments and the small dips on Bekesy audiograms. In the kendo, soccer, tennis and orchestral music clubs of K-D School micro-dips in depth over 10 dB were found to have incidences between 40% and 53%, and the micro-dips were distributed in frequencies above 5 kHz. In the of kendo, tennis, brass band and tea ceremony clubs of S-D School the incidences of micro-dips ears were between 30% and 48%, and the micro-dips tended to be distributed in higher frequencies except in the tea ceremony club. The micro-dips in the ears of the tea ceremony club members were distributed over all the frequencies examined, but most of them disappeared when counted for dip size above 15 dB remaining an ear at 7.5 kHz. Incidences of earphone or headphone users as a hobby were in the range of 30 to 70% in members of all clubs. There were no characteristic findings of clubs in the incidences of the earphone or headphone users. The degree of association between the micro-dip ears and the use of earphone or headphone was low. C-EOAEs which had a 6 ms or longer duration of evoked otoacoustic emissions were detected with an incidence of 40 to 65% and there was a significant association between the micro-dip ears and the C-EOAE ears. Incidences of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions were between 26% and 28% in all clubs and there were differences in the incidences between sexes. The frequency distribution of the spontaneous otoacoustic emissions were remarkably different to that of the micro-dips. To determine whether the C-EOAEs express a predisposition to inner ear susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss and to ascertain that the micro-dip is a precursor notice to noise-induced hearing loss, further follow-up surveys are needed.

There are large individual differences in susceptibility to noise exposure. Most hearing impairment begins with dip type hearing loss, and continual evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAES) are frequently seen in ears with dip type hearing loss. The present study was performed in order to ascertain the relationship between dip type hearing loss and C-EOAE.Brass band members in two junior high schools were the subjects of this study. In H-school, the noise levels during practice were between 88 and 103 dB Leq in all groups with music instrumental parts. The survey revealed that 58% of ears showed dip type hearing loss in Bekesy's audiogram and 52% showed of C-EOAE. The incidence of dip was 82% in ears with C-EOAE, and 35% in the ears without C-EOAE. In the brass band members of F-school the incidence of ears having dip was 64% and the incidence of C-EOAE was 56%. The incidence of dip was 81% in the ears with C-EOAE, whereas it was 43% in the ears without C-EOAE.Follow-up studies in the subjects of H-school revealed that the incidence of dip ears decreased from 58% to 45%, whereas the incidence of C-EOAE changed in only one ear and was maintained at 50%, near the initial value. Four ears changed in of dip without any change in the presence of C-EOAE.This practical survey showed a clear relationship between the presence of dip and of C-EOAE.In addition, the follow-up survey indicated that change in the presence of dip does not follow the change in the presence of C-EOAE. The results suggest that the C-EOAE seems to express a disposition to susceptibility in to damage the intracochlear micromechanics. The measurement of C-EOAE may be useful for predicting individual differences in the susceptibility to noise exposure.

Hydrophobic ligands were introduced onto agarose beads, and the adsorption capacity of the beads was measured. The adsorption capacity increased with increase in the carbon number of the ligand, ionic strength of the buffer solution, and temperature. Crude alpha-amylase was purified with these hydrophobic adsorbents and the breakthrough and elution curves were estimated based on the mass transfer theory. Under strongly hydrophobic conditions, impurities contained in crude feeds and the lack of uniformity of packing caused by aggregation of beads affected adsorption and elution behaviors.

Stable tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.1) was isolated from thermophilic bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus and purified by use of two consecutive affinity chromatographic procedures on a large scale. The specific activity increased 25, 900-fold after the purification. With a Matrex Blue A column, used in the finalstep affinity Chromatography, the effects of factors influencing the performance of Chromatography were studied. The column diameter was scaled up from 1.65cm to 18.4cm without appreciable change in the elution profiles. The degree of purification decreased gradually and the elution profile became sharper with the increase in concentration of potassium chloride from 0.1 to 0.6 mol ⋅ 1-1. Variation of the elution profile with liquid velocity was also studied. The experimental elution curves showed general agreement with the calculated values based on the mass transfer theory.

Nucleolar number per nucleus was observed on nuclei isolated from various kinds of organs in rodents. The nuclear isolation was carried out by the technique of DOUNCE with some modifications. Identification of nucleoli based on the previous work of the author. This observation was attained to acertain differences of the mean nucleolar number per nucleus between organs, between animals or sexes (See Table 1). The data obtained are as follows (See Tables 2-5):The mean number of nucleoli observed on a certain organ is mostly constant among animals of the same species, and the coincidence of this mean seems not greatly affected with body weight of the animal. Marked differences are, however, often found between different organs of the same animal. The mean observed on a certain organ is varied by difference of the animal species, but it is mostly well agreeable between livers of rat and guinea pig, in which any difference of the mean can not be demonstrated between both sexes.From these findings a concept of constancy of the nucleolar number does not fit for each somatic nucleus in rodents, but it might be assumed that some properties of the organ were represented partly in the mean number of nucleoli and lesser in the nucleolus of each nucleus.