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260 results on '"Tsuchiya, Kazuaki"'

6. Sustainable agrifood systems for a post-growth world

Author

McGreevy, Steven R., Rupprecht, Christoph D. D., Niles, Daniel, Wiek, Arnim, Carolan, Michael, Kallis, Giorgos, Kantamaturapoj, Kanang, Mangnus, Astrid, Jehlička, Petr, Taherzadeh, Oliver, Sahakian, Marlyne, Chabay, Ilan, Colby, Ashley, Vivero-Pol, Jose-Luis, Chaudhuri, Rajat, Spiegelberg, Maximilian, Kobayashi, Mai, Balázs, Bálint, Tsuchiya, Kazuaki, Nicholls, Clara, Tanaka, Keiko, Vervoort, Joost, Akitsu, Motoki, Mallee, Hein, Ota, Kazuhiko, Shinkai, Rika, Khadse, Ashlesha, Tamura, Norie, Abe, Ken-ichi, Altieri, Miguel, Sato, Yo-Ichiro, and Tachikawa, Masashi

Published
2022
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22. Predicting Inchinkoto efficacy, in patients with obstructive jaundice associated with malignant tumors, through pharmacomicrobiomics

Author

Yamashita, Hiromasa, Nishiyama, Mitsue, Ohbuchi, Katsuya, Kanno, Hitomi, Tsuchiya, Kazuaki, Yamaguchi, Junpei, Mizuno, Takashi, Ebata, Tomoki, Nagino, Masato, Yokoyama, Yukihiro, Yamashita, Hiromasa, Nishiyama, Mitsue, Ohbuchi, Katsuya, Kanno, Hitomi, Tsuchiya, Kazuaki, Yamaguchi, Junpei, Mizuno, Takashi, Ebata, Tomoki, Nagino, Masato, and Yokoyama, Yukihiro

Abstract

Inchinkoto (ICKT) is a popular choleretic and hepatoprotective herbal medicine that is widely used in Japan. Geniposide, a major ingredient of ICKT, is metabolized to genipin by gut microbiota, which exerts a choleretic effect. This study investigates the relationship between stool genipin-producing activity and diversity of the clinical effect of ICKT in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. Fifty-two patients with malignant obstructive jaundice who underwent external biliary drainage were included. ICKT was administered as three packets per day (7.5 g/day) for three days and 2.5 g on the morning of the fourth day. Stool samples were collected before ICKT administration and bile flow was monitored on a daily basis. The microbiome, genipin-producing activity, and organic acids in stools were analyzed. The Shannon-Wiener (SW) index was calculated to evaluate gut microbiome diversity. The stool genipin-producing activity showed a significant positive correlation with the SW index. Stool genipin-producing activity positively correlated with the order Clostridia (obligate anaerobes), but negatively correlated with the order Lactobacillales (facultative anaerobes). Moreover, stool genipin-producing activity was positively correlated to the concentration valeric acid, but negatively correlated to the concentration of lactic acid and succinic acid. The change of bile flow at 2 and 3 days after ICKT administration showed significant positive correlation with genipin-producing activity (correlation coefficient, 0.40 and 0.29, respectively, P < 0.05). An analysis of stool profile, including stool genipin-producing activity, may predict the efficacy of ICKT. Modification of the microbiome may be a target to enhance the therapeutic effect of ICKT.

Published
2023

33. Climate-driven divergent long-term trends of forest beetles in Japan

Author

Evans, Maldwyn, Barton, Phil, Niwa, Shigeru, Soga, Masashi, Seibold, Sebastian, Tsuchiya, Kazuaki, and Hisano, Masumi

Abstract

Data and code from 'Climate-driven divergent long-term trends of forest beetles in Japan', published in Ecology Letters, 2022. Authors: Maldwyn J. Evans, Philip Barton, Shigeru Niwa, Masashi Soga, Sebastian Seibold, Kazuaki Tsuchiya, Masumi Hisano.

Published
2022
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47. Post-disaster recovery linked with pre-disaster land development and damage density of Typhoon Yolanda: Toward better land-use planning in Tacloban City, the Philippines

Author

MURAKAMI, Akinobu, HARA, Yuji, OHSUGI, Tasuku, TSUCHIYA, Kazuaki, and PALIJON, Armando M.

Abstract

Coastal cities in Asia face increasing risks of extreme climate events and urgently need to develop risk-reduction plans to mitigate the harmful socioeconomic consequences of such events. In this study, we undertook geographical analyses and conducted interviews with stakeholders in the Tacloban City area, the Philippines, to investigate the relationships among building types, storm-surge inundation and post-disaster recovery after 2013 Typhoon Yolanda. Squatter settlements in low-lying urban and coastal areas were destroyed by the typhoon, but were rapidly rebuilt by squatters using debris from the typhoon. Government programs relocated some of the affected squatter populations to new socialized housing developments on safe higher ground that were some distance from the squatters' former urban and coastal livelihoods, thus causing reluctance to relocation. Our GIS analysis of available geo-spatial data, coupled with extensive stakeholder interviews, showed that there were enough vacant lots within pre-existing housing subdivisions to house more than 7000 squatters and provide them with plots for urban vegetable farming that would provide their livelihood. Interviews with stakeholders suggested that this approach would not encounter excessive resistance. Thus, our study demonstrated that comprehensive GIS analyses and stakeholder involvement can contribute to effective land-use planning for community resilience.

Published
2018

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